Antenna device
By setting an inclined surface on the radome to change the propagation path of electromagnetic waves, the problems of high cost and limited applicability of existing antenna devices are solved, and flexible beam pointing and zero-degree gain adjustment are achieved, reducing the production cost of antenna devices.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 立晟智能科技(成都)有限公司
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing antenna devices are costly and unsuitable for many application scenarios due to the complex internal structure of the antenna unit.
By setting an inclined surface on the radome, electromagnetic waves are reflected, refracted, and scattered during propagation, thereby changing the beam direction and zero-degree gain. The method of adjusting the antenna beam direction is to adjust the structure of the radome, rather than the internal structure of the antenna body.
This technology allows for flexible changes in beam pointing and zero-degree gain by adjusting the tilt parameters of the radome without altering the antenna's structure, thereby reducing costs and expanding its applicability.
Smart Images
Figure CN224458588U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna device. Background Technology
[0002] In communication and transceiver radar systems, precise control of the antenna beam pointing is crucial.
[0003] In related technologies, antenna devices typically include an antenna body and a radome positioned opposite it. The antenna body contains multiple antenna elements, and the radome protects these elements. Currently, to obtain different antenna beams and zero-degree gain, it is necessary to create antenna elements with different structures. That is, by adjusting the internal structure of different antenna elements, antenna devices with different antenna beams and zero-degree gains can be formed. Thus, different antenna elements need to be designed for different application scenarios. For example, the specific structure, size, and shape of the resonant cavity within the antenna body vary, resulting in an antenna device manufactured for one application scenario that can only be used in that specific scenario and cannot be applied to other scenarios. Furthermore, the internal structure manufacturing process of antenna elements is complex, leading to high costs for antenna devices. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an antenna device to solve the technical problems of high cost and complex structure in the prior art.
[0005] Based on the above concept, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:
[0006] Antenna device, including:
[0007] The antenna body is provided with a radiating element, and the radiating element forms a radiating port on the radiating surface of the antenna body;
[0008] The antenna radome is parallel to and spaced apart from the antenna body. The side of the antenna radome facing the antenna body has an inclined surface that is tilted relative to the radiating surface, and the orthogonal projection of the inclined surface on the radiating surface covers the radiating port.
[0009] In one embodiment, the radome has a groove on its surface facing the antenna body, and at least a portion of the bottom surface of the groove forms the inclined surface.
[0010] In one embodiment, at least one end of the groove extends to the side of the radome.
[0011] In one embodiment, the radome has a protrusion on the surface facing the antenna body, and at least a portion of the protrusion on the surface facing the antenna body forms the inclined surface.
[0012] In one embodiment, the inclined surface is a single-sided structure; or, the inclined surface comprises multiple mating surfaces.
[0013] In one embodiment, the inclined surface includes a plane; and / or, the inclined surface includes a curved surface.
[0014] In one embodiment, at least one edge of the inclined surface is connected to an extended surface.
[0015] In one embodiment, the radome is detachably connected to the antenna body.
[0016] In one embodiment, multiple radiating elements are arranged at intervals, and the arrangement direction of the radiating elements is the same as the length direction of the inclined surface.
[0017] In one embodiment, one end of the inclined surface intersects with the surface of the radome facing the antenna body.
[0018] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0019] The radome has an inclined surface on the side facing the antenna body, and this inclined surface is tilted relative to the radiating surface. Electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna element propagate to the radiating port and then out of the antenna body. The orthographic projection of the inclined surface onto the radiating surface covers the radiating port, causing the electromagnetic waves radiated from the radiating port to encounter the inclined surface when they reach the radome surface. The electromagnetic waves undergo reflection, refraction, and scattering under the influence of the inclined surface. Furthermore, because the inclined surface is tilted relative to the radiating surface, the propagation path of the electromagnetic waves at the inclined surface is altered, thus changing the phase distribution of the electromagnetic waves. By setting inclined surfaces with different inclinations, the phase of the electromagnetic waves can be changed, thereby altering the beam direction radiated by the antenna element and achieving the purpose of adjusting the antenna beam direction. This also allows for adjustment of the zero-degree gain. Adjusting the antenna beam pointing only requires adjusting the specific structure of the radome opposite the antenna body, without needing to adjust the internal structure of the antenna body. This allows multiple antenna bodies to be manufactured with identical structures, while multiple radomes can be manufactured with different structures. Furthermore, radomes with identical structures can be further processed to adjust the structural parameters of the tilt surface. Thus, antenna devices formed by different radomes and the same antenna body will have different beam pointing and zero-degree gain. The material cost and manufacturing cost of the radome are relatively low, making the antenna device structure simpler and less expensive. Attached Figure Description
[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the embodiments of this utility model and these drawings without creative effort.
[0021] Figure 1 This is a first exploded view of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 2 This is a front view of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the radome provided in one embodiment of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 4 This is a first top view of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 5 This is a first cross-sectional view of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 6 This is a horizontal orientation diagram showing the change in the lateral dimension of an antenna device according to one embodiment, which is formed by adding a set of grooves to the inner surface of the radome.
[0027] Figure 7 An elevation diagram showing the change in lateral dimension of an antenna device according to one embodiment as a set of grooves added to the inner surface of the radome varies.
[0028] Figure 8 This is a horizontal orientation diagram showing the variation in depth of a set of grooves added to the inner surface of the radome of an antenna device according to one embodiment.
[0029] Figure 9 An elevation pattern of an antenna device according to one embodiment, showing the change in depth of a set of grooves added to the inner surface of the radome.
[0030] Figure 10 This is a second top view of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0031] Figure 11 This is a second exploded view of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0032] Figure 12 This is a second cross-sectional view of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0033] Figure 13This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the radome provided in one embodiment of the present invention;
[0034] Figure 14 A horizontal orientation diagram showing the variation in the lateral dimensions of a set of protrusions added to the inner surface of the radome of an antenna device according to one embodiment.
[0035] Figure 15 An elevation pattern showing the change in lateral dimensions of an antenna device according to one embodiment as a set of protrusions added to the inner surface of the radome varies.
[0036] Figure 16 A horizontal orientation diagram showing the height variation of a set of protrusions added to the inner surface of the radome of an antenna device according to one embodiment.
[0037] Figure 17 This is an elevation pattern of an antenna device according to one embodiment, showing the change in height of a set of protrusions added to the inner surface of the radome.
[0038] In the picture:
[0039] 1. Antenna body; 11. Radiation element; 12. Radiation surface; 13. Radiation port; 14. Radiation area; 2. Antenna radome; 21. Inclined surface; 22. Groove; 221. First extension surface; 23. Protrusion; 231. Second extension surface. Detailed Implementation
[0040] To make the technical problem solved by this utility model, the technical solution adopted, and the technical effect achieved clearer, the technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining this utility model and not for limiting it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to this utility model are shown in the accompanying drawings, not all of them.
[0041] It should be understood that the phrase "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" throughout the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
[0042] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
[0043] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0044] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature. In the description of this embodiment, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" specifically refers to two or more.
[0045] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for ease of description and simplification of operation. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are merely used for distinction in description and have no special meaning.
[0046] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or it can be located in between the component.
[0047] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0048] Example 1
[0049] This embodiment provides an antenna device that can obtain different antenna beams and zero-degree gain with lower cost and simpler structure.
[0050] The antenna device in this embodiment can be used in a radar system.
[0051] For example, such as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the antenna device includes an antenna body 1 and an radome 2. The antenna body 1 is provided with multiple radiating elements 11 and has a radiating surface 12. The radiating elements 11 form radiating ports 13 on the radiating surface 12 of the antenna body 1. The radiating elements 11 are used to transmit or receive electromagnetic wave signals.
[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, the radome 2 is parallel to and spaced apart from the antenna body 1. Exemplarily, the radome 2 and antenna body 1 are spaced apart in the thickness direction of the radome 2. An inclined surface 21 is provided on the side of the radome 2 facing the antenna body 1. The inclined surface 21 is inclined relative to the radiating surface 12; that is, the extending direction of the inclined surface 21 intersects with the extending direction of the radiating surface 12, rather than being parallel. Furthermore, the orthogonal projection of the inclined surface 21 onto the radiating surface 12 covers multiple radiating ports 13. This arrangement ensures that when electromagnetic wave signals emitted from the radiating ports 13 propagate to the radome 2, they are all blocked by the inclined surface 21, thus changing their propagation direction and achieving directional adjustment of the antenna beam.
[0053] It should be noted that the orthographic projection of the inclined surface 21 onto the radiating surface 12 can be understood as the orthographic projection of the inclined surface 21 onto the radiating surface 12 along the thickness direction of the radome 2. The fact that the orthographic projection of the inclined surface 21 onto the radiating surface 12 covers multiple radiating ports 13 can be understood as the orthographic projections of multiple radiating ports 13 onto the radome 2 all being located within the inclined surface 21.
[0054] In this embodiment, the parallel arrangement of the radome 2 and the antenna body 1 can be understood as the extension direction of the radome 2 being the same as the extension direction of the antenna body 1. Exemplarily, both the radome 2 and the antenna body 1 can be flat. Of course, it is understood that the radome 2 and the antenna body 1 can also be other shapes, such as curved panels, arc-shaped panels, etc., which are not limited in this embodiment.
[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, the size of the gap between the radome 2 and the antenna body 1 can be set according to requirements. For example, the length d of the gap between the radome 2 and the antenna body 1 is 1 mm.
[0056] The antenna device provided in this embodiment has an inclined surface 21 on the side of the radome 2 facing the antenna body 1. The inclined surface 21 is inclined relative to the radiating surface 12. The electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna element propagate to the radiating port 13 and then out of the antenna body 1. The orthogonal projection of the inclined surface 21 onto the radiating surface 12 covers multiple radiating ports 13, so that when the electromagnetic waves radiated from each radiating port 13 propagate to the surface of the radome 2, they encounter the inclined surface 21. The electromagnetic waves undergo reflection, refraction, and scattering under the action of the inclined surface 21. Furthermore, since the inclined surface 21 is inclined relative to the radiating surface 12, the propagation path of the electromagnetic waves at the inclined surface 21 is changed, thereby changing the phase distribution of the electromagnetic waves. By setting inclined surfaces 21 with different inclinations, the phase of the electromagnetic waves can be precisely changed, thereby changing the beam direction radiated by the antenna element and achieving the purpose of adjusting the antenna beam direction. At the same time, the zero-degree gain can be adjusted. Adjusting the antenna beam pointing only requires adjusting the specific structure of the radome 2 opposite to the antenna body 1, without needing to adjust the internal structure of the antenna body 1. This allows multiple antenna bodies 1 to be manufactured with the same structure, and multiple radome 2 to be manufactured with different structures. Furthermore, radome 2s with the same structure can be further processed to adjust the structural parameters of the tilt surface 21. Thus, the beam pointing and zero-degree gain of the antenna devices formed by different radome 2s and the same antenna body 1 are different. The material cost and manufacturing cost of the radome 2 are both low, making the structure of the antenna device simpler and the cost lower.
[0057] Furthermore, the radome 2 provided in this embodiment acts on electromagnetic waves in real time. The direction of electromagnetic wave propagation can be adjusted as the electromagnetic wave propagates to the inclined surface 21, which can quickly change the beam pointing of the antenna device and meet the needs of modern communication and radar systems for rapid beam switching.
[0058] It should be noted that, typically, the radome 2 and the antenna body 1 are installed together and then mounted onto the product. The antenna device provided in this embodiment can produce a large number of antenna bodies 1 with identical structures. Depending on the installation location or the product being mounted, different structures of the radome 2 can be used to meet different application scenarios. The width and depth of the inclined surface 21 of the radome 2 can be finely adjusted to ensure that the beam pointing meets the needs of different application scenarios in a low-cost and simple manner.
[0059] It should also be noted that when the tilt angle of the tilted surface 21 relative to the radiating surface 12 is different, the antenna device will obtain radiation patterns of different shapes. At the same time, the direction of the radiation pattern can be shifted within a certain range to adapt to different beam shapes and off-beam application scenarios, thereby improving the detection performance of the radar using the antenna device.
[0060] In at least one implementation, such as Figure 3 As shown, the radome 2 has a groove 22 on its surface facing the antenna body 1, and at least a portion of the bottom surface of the groove 22 forms an inclined surface 21. By forming the inclined surface 21 by setting the groove 22 on the surface of the radome 2, on the one hand, the forming process of the inclined surface 21 is simpler, for example, the inclined surface 21 can be formed simultaneously during the forming process of the antenna body 1; on the other hand, the setting of the groove 22 reduces the weight of the radome 2, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the radome 2 and the antenna device.
[0061] It should be noted that the fact that at least part of the bottom surface of the groove 22 forms the inclined surface 21 can be understood as the entire bottom surface of the groove 22 being used to form the inclined surface 21; it can also be understood as a part of the bottom surface of the groove 22 forming the inclined surface 21, and the other part not being used to form the inclined surface 21.
[0062] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, one end of the inclined surface 21 extends to the surface of the radome 2 facing the antenna body 1, that is, one end of the inclined surface 21 intersects with the surface of the radome 2 facing the antenna body 1. Also, one end of the groove 22 does not have a sidewall, and the bottom surface of the groove extends directly to the surface of the radome 2 facing the antenna body 1. In other words, the longitudinal section of the groove 22 is V-shaped. The groove 22 consists of two parts: a sloping groove and a gentle groove. This design ensures that the distance between the inclined surface 21 and the radiation port 13 is not too large, reducing electromagnetic wave loss. Furthermore, it reduces the angle between the groove 22 and the surface of the radome 2 facing the antenna body 1, thereby improving the cluttered transmission of surface waves, making phase measurement more linear, and thus improving the accuracy of angle measurement.
[0063] Optionally, the cross-sectional shape of the groove 22 can be a regular shape such as a polygon or a circle, or it can be an irregular shape. This embodiment does not limit this.
[0064] In at least one possible implementation, please continue to see Figure 3 At least one end of the groove 22 extends to the side of the radome 2, so that electromagnetic waves propagating to the inclined surface 21 can smoothly propagate from the groove 22 to the radome 2 without changing direction due to obstruction by the sidewall of the groove 22, thus improving the accuracy and convenience of waveguide pointing adjustment. It should be noted that the side of the radome 2 refers to the surface in the direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the radome 2, and can also be understood as the outer peripheral surface of the radome 2.
[0065] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3As shown, one end of the groove 22 extends to the side of the radome 2. For example, one end of the groove 22 in the length direction extends to the side of the radome 2, and the inclined surface 21 is provided near the other end of the groove 22 in the length direction.
[0066] In some embodiments, one or both ends of the groove 22 may extend to the end face of the radome 2 in the width direction. It should be noted that the length and width of the radome 2 may be the same or different. When the length and width of the radome 2 are different, the length of the radome 2 is greater than its width.
[0067] Optionally, at least one edge of the inclined surface 21 is connected to an extension surface. For example, when a portion of the bottom surface of the groove 22 forms the inclined surface 21, the extension surface is the portion of the bottom surface of the groove 22 that is not the inclined surface 21. For ease of distinction, this portion is referred to as the first extension surface 221 in this embodiment. That is, the portion of the bottom surface of the groove 22 other than the inclined surface 21 forms the first extension surface 221. By providing the first extension surface 221, on the one hand, the area of the inclined surface 21 does not need to be designed to be too large, thereby reducing the thickness of the radome 2 from needing to be designed to accommodate the inclined surface 21; on the other hand, the presence of the first extension surface 221 reduces the processing difficulty of the inclined surface 21, further reducing the complexity of the radome 2 processing and lowering the processing cost of the radome 2.
[0068] In at least one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the inclined surface 21 and the first extended surface 221 are arranged in the length direction of the radome 2. The first extended surface 221 extends to the end face of the radome 2, that is, the first extended surface 221 intersects with one side of the radome 2 in the length direction.
[0069] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the first extension surface 221 is a plane and parallel to the radiation surface 12. In other embodiments, the first extension surface 221 is an irregular surface such as a curved surface, which can be selected according to requirements, and this embodiment does not limit it.
[0070] For example, such as Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the first extension surface 221 has a single-sided structure, that is, the first extension surface 221 is composed of one surface. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the first extension surface 221 may also be composed of multiple surfaces, that is, the first extension surface 221 includes multiple mating surfaces.
[0071] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the inclined surface 21 includes a plane. This arrangement facilitates the processing and manufacturing of the inclined surface.
[0072] In other embodiments, the inclined surface 21 includes a curved surface. With this configuration, electromagnetic waves propagating to the inclined surface 21 can have more reflection, refraction, and scattering directions, enabling the antenna device using the radome 2 to achieve greater beam pointing and zero-degree gain, thereby further improving the applicability of the antenna device.
[0073] It is understandable that the inclined surface 21 can include both planes and curved surfaces, so that the shape of the inclined surface 21 can be varied and can be flexibly selected.
[0074] In at least one possible implementation, such as Figure 3 As shown, the inclined surface 21 has a single-sided structure, that is, the inclined surface 21 is formed by one surface. This design facilitates the processing and manufacturing of the inclined surface 21 and reduces the processing difficulty.
[0075] In other possible implementations, the tilted surface 21 may include multiple mating surfaces, that is, the tilted surface 21 is formed by multiple mating surfaces. With this configuration, each surface constituting the tilted surface 21 can be tilted at a different degree relative to the radiating surface 12, so that antenna devices with different beam pointing and zero-degree gain can be assembled, which is more flexible and has a wider range of applications.
[0076] In at least one embodiment, multiple radiating elements 11 are provided. These multiple radiating elements 11 are arranged at intervals; for example, they can be arranged sequentially at intervals along the length or width direction of the antenna body 1. The arrangement direction of the radiating elements 11 is the same as the length direction of the inclined surface 21. This arrangement ensures that the setting direction of the inclined surface 21 is the same as the arrangement direction of the radiating elements 11, so that the inclined surface 21, while achieving beam direction adjustment, does not have an excessively large area, facilitating the manufacturing of the inclined surface 21 and reducing the impact on the structural strength of the radome 2. It is understood that a single radiating element 11 may also be provided; this embodiment does not limit this.
[0077] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the radiation region 14 of the radiating surface 12 is provided with radiation ports 13, that is, all of the radiation ports 13 are located in the radiation region 14. The orthogonal projection area of the inclined surface 21 on the radiating surface 12 is greater than or equal to the area of the radiation region 14. In this way, it can be ensured that the electromagnetic waves propagating from the radiation ports 13 can change their propagation direction through the inclined surface 21, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the beam pattern.
[0078] For example, such as Figure 4As shown, the antenna body 1 also has a waveguide power divider channel (not shown in the figure), in which a waveguide power divider is disposed. The waveguide power divider is connected to multiple antenna elements respectively and is fed by the input port of the waveguide power divider. In this embodiment, the specific structure of the waveguide power divider channels of multiple antenna bodies 1 is the same, which is beneficial to the mass production of antenna bodies 1 and improves the processing efficiency of antenna bodies 1.
[0079] The radome 2 provided in this embodiment can be made of various materials in related technologies, such as fiber-reinforced composite materials with good dielectric properties or metal materials. The groove 22 can be integrally formed with the radome 2 by means of molding, machining or 3D printing. Since the groove 22 can be obtained by removing material from a substrate, it has a lower processing difficulty, resulting in higher processing efficiency for the radome 2. Furthermore, when removing material from the substrate, only the material at the groove 22 needs to be removed, without processing the material around the groove 22. Therefore, the area to be removed can be smaller, which not only avoids significant waste and further reduces the cost of the radome 2, but also shortens the processing time and increases processing efficiency.
[0080] In this embodiment, the design parameters of the groove 22 can be flexibly adjusted according to different antenna device types, operating frequencies, and required beam pointing variations, so as to flexibly adjust the antenna beam pointing and zero-degree gain to adapt to different working scenarios and application requirements, thus exhibiting high flexibility.
[0081] In some optional embodiments, multiple radomes 2 can be provided, with the antenna body 1 selectively facing one of the radomes 2. The structural parameters of the tilt surface 21 of each radome 2 are different, resulting in different electromagnetic wave modulation results for each radome 2. When the antenna body 1 is facing different radomes 2, different radiation patterns can be achieved without changing the power of the antenna element. The tangential radiation pattern can be shifted within a certain range, resulting in different antenna beam pointing and zero-degree gain. This adapts to different beam shapes and off-beam application scenarios, improving the detection performance of the radar using the antenna device.
[0082] In at least one possible implementation, the antenna body 1 and the radome 2 in this embodiment can be connected in a detachable manner to ensure the relative position of the radome 2 and the antenna body 1. Various detachable connection methods can be used, such as bolted connections or snap-fit connections, and this embodiment does not limit the specific method used.
[0083] Optionally, the connection between the antenna body 1 and the radome 2 can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through other components. For example, both the antenna body 1 and the radome 2 can be connected to an intermediate connector, but this embodiment does not limit this.
[0084] like Figures 6 to 9 As shown, this embodiment provides simulation diagrams of some antenna devices. Specifically, Figure 6 This is a horizontal orientation diagram showing the change in the lateral dimension of an antenna device according to one embodiment, which is formed by adding a set of grooves to the inner surface of the radome. Figure 7 An elevation diagram showing the change in lateral dimension of an antenna device according to one embodiment as a set of grooves added to the inner surface of the radome varies. Figure 8 This is a horizontal orientation diagram showing the variation in depth of a set of grooves added to the inner surface of the radome of an antenna device according to one embodiment. Figure 9 This is an elevation pattern showing the change in depth of a set of grooves added to the inner surface of the radome of an antenna device according to one embodiment. Figures 6 to 9 The horizontal axis of the graph represents angles in degrees, and the vertical axis represents gain in dB. Figures 6 to 8 The dark blue lines represent the curves for antenna devices in related technologies that do not have grooves (marked as "no grooves" in the figure), while the other colored lines represent the curves for antenna radomes with grooves. Figure 6 and Figure 7 The non-dark blue lines in the text represent grooves of different widths. Figure 8 and Figure 9 The non-dark blue lines (such as light blue, red, yellow, purple, and green lines) represent grooves of different depths.
[0085] from Figures 6 to 9 As can be seen, by providing the groove 22 in the radome 2, the antenna pattern and zero-degree gain of the antenna device can be effectively adjusted. Furthermore, the antenna pattern and zero-degree gain of the antenna device are related to both the width and depth of the groove 22. For example, from... Figure 6 As can be seen, groove 22 causes the energy of the antenna device to concentrate at 0°, and the gain decreases sequentially at larger angles. From... Figure 7 As can be seen, the beams on both sides of the maximum elevation pattern are asymmetrical, exhibiting a beam pattern where the negative gain is higher than the positive gain at symmetrical angles. From Figure 6 and Figure 8 As can be seen, the influence of the depth of groove 22 on the horizontal radiation pattern of the antenna device is not significantly different from the influence of the change in the width of groove 22 on the horizontal radiation pattern of the antenna device. From... Figure 9 As can be seen, the change in the depth of the groove 22 can cause the antenna elevation pattern to shift in the negative direction as a whole, and the beam also has an asymmetrical shape.
[0086] Example 2
[0087] This embodiment provides an antenna device that is basically the same as the antenna device in Embodiment 1, except that the way the inclined surface is formed is different.
[0088] For example, such as Figures 10 to 13 As shown, the radome 2 has a protrusion 23 on the surface facing the antenna body 1. The protrusion 23 protrudes from the surface of the radome 2, and at least a portion of the protrusion 23 on the surface facing the antenna body 1 forms an inclined surface 21.
[0089] By setting the protrusion 23, the distance between the inclined surface 21 and the radiation port 13 is made smaller than the distance between the surface of the antenna cover 2 facing the antenna body 1 and the radiation port 13, thereby reducing the loss during electromagnetic wave propagation.
[0090] It should be noted that the fact that at least a portion of the surface of the protrusion 23 facing the antenna body 1 forms an inclined surface 21 can be understood as the entire surface of the protrusion 23 facing the antenna body 1 being used to form an inclined surface 21; it can also be understood as a portion of the surface of the protrusion 23 facing the antenna body 1 forming an inclined surface 21, while the other portion is not used to form an inclined surface 21.
[0091] Optionally, the shape of the protrusion 23 can be set according to requirements. For example, the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion 23 can be a polygon, a circle, etc. This embodiment does not limit this.
[0092] Optionally, one end of the protrusion 23 extends to the surface of the radome 2 facing the antenna body 1, that is, the longitudinal section of the protrusion 23 is V-shaped. This arrangement allows for a smoother transition between the inclined surface 21 formed by the protrusion 23 and the antenna body 1, thereby reducing the angle between the protrusion 23 and the surface of the radome 2 facing the antenna body 1. This improves the cluttered transmission mode of surface waves, making phase measurement more linear and thus improving the accuracy of angle measurement.
[0093] In one embodiment, such as Figure 13 As shown, at least one end face of the protrusion 23 is flush with the corresponding side face of the radome 2. This arrangement reduces the risk of excessive surface clutter caused by excessive angle between the protrusion 23 and the radome 2, ensuring a more linear measured phase and further improving the accuracy of angle measurement.
[0094] In other embodiments, there is a gap between any end of the protrusion 23 and the end of the radome 2, that is, the protrusion 23 is located in the middle of the surface of the radome 2 facing the antenna body 1, which can also achieve the purpose of changing the direction of electromagnetic wave propagation.
[0095] It should be noted that, similar to the inclined surface 21 provided in the groove 22, the inclined surface 21 provided on the protrusion 23 can be a single-sided structure or can include multiple mating surfaces. It can be a plane or a curved surface, which will not be elaborated here in this embodiment.
[0096] Optionally, when the protrusion 23 forms an inclined surface 21 on a portion of the surface of the antenna body 1, the portion of the protrusion 23 facing the antenna body 1 that is not the inclined surface 21 is referred to as the second extension surface 231. That is, the other portion of the protrusion 23 facing the surface of the antenna body 1 forms the second extension surface 231. By providing the second extension surface 231, the area of the inclined surface 21 does not need to be designed to be too large, thereby ensuring that the thickness of the protrusion 23 is not too large, which is beneficial for the miniaturization of the radome 2 and the antenna device. On the other hand, by providing the second extension surface 231, when processing the protrusion 23, it is not necessary to remove a large amount of material from the substrate, reducing material waste. Furthermore, the second extension surface 231 also serves to protect the antenna body 1.
[0097] In at least one embodiment, such as Figure 13 As shown, the second extension surface 231 is a plane and parallel to the radiation surface 12. In other embodiments, the second extension surface 231 is an irregular surface such as a curved surface, which can be selected according to requirements, and this embodiment does not limit it.
[0098] For example, such as Figure 11 and Figure 13 As shown, the second extension surface 231 has a single-sided structure, that is, the second extension surface 231 is composed of one surface. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the second extension surface 231 may also be composed of multiple surfaces, that is, the second extension surface 231 is formed by the contact of multiple surfaces. Each of the multiple surfaces that combine the second extension surface 231 can be a plane, a curved surface, etc., and this embodiment does not limit this.
[0099] In at least one embodiment, the protrusion 23 and the radome 2 are an integral structure. In this way, on the one hand, the manufacturing difficulty of the protrusion 23 can be reduced and the formation of the protrusion 23 can be facilitated; on the other hand, the protrusion 23 and the radome 2 have a high connection strength, reducing the risk of separation between the two.
[0100] In this embodiment, when the inclined surface 21 is disposed on the protrusion 23, the orthogonal projection area of the protrusion 23 on the radiating surface 12 is greater than or equal to the area of the radiating region 14. When the orthogonal projection area of the protrusion 23 on the radiating surface 12 is equal to the area of the radiating region 14, the volume of the protrusion 23 can be smaller, which is beneficial to the miniaturization and weight reduction of the radome 2.
[0101] Optionally, the protrusion 23 can be integrally formed with the radome 2 through molding, machining, or 3D printing. The design parameters of the protrusion 23 can be flexibly adjusted according to different antenna device types, operating frequencies, and required beam pointing variations, so as to flexibly adjust the antenna beam pointing and zero-degree gain to adapt to different working scenarios and application requirements, thus offering high flexibility.
[0102] Figures 14 to 17 This is a simulation diagram of the antenna device provided in this embodiment. Wherein, Figure 14 A horizontal orientation diagram showing the variation in the lateral dimensions of a set of protrusions added to the inner surface of the radome of an antenna device according to one embodiment. Figure 15 An elevation pattern showing the change in lateral dimensions of an antenna device according to one embodiment as a set of protrusions added to the inner surface of the radome varies. Figure 16 A horizontal orientation diagram showing the height variation of a set of protrusions added to the inner surface of the radome of an antenna device according to one embodiment. Figure 17 This is an elevation pattern showing the change in height of a set of protrusions added to the inner surface of the radome according to one embodiment of the antenna device. Figures 14 to 17 The horizontal axis of the graph represents angles in degrees, and the vertical axis represents gain in dB. Figures 14 to 17 The dark blue lines represent the curves of antenna devices in related technologies that do not have protrusions (marked as no slope in the figure), while the other colored lines represent the curves corresponding to antenna radomes with protrusions. Figure 14 and Figure 15 The non-dark blue lines in the text represent bulges of varying widths. Figure 16 and Figure 17 The non-dark blue lines (such as light blue lines, red lines, yellow lines, purple lines, green lines, etc.) represent bulges of different depths 23.
[0103] from Figures 6 to 9 As can be seen, by providing the protrusion 23 in the radome 2, the antenna pattern and zero-degree gain of the antenna device can be effectively adjusted. Furthermore, the antenna pattern and zero-degree gain of the antenna device are related to both the width and height of the protrusion 23. For example, from... Figure 14 As can be seen, unlike the parabolic horizontal beam pattern in related technologies, this protrusion 23 can raise the horizontal beam pattern at a large angle, thus widening the horizontal beamwidth. From Figure 15 As can be seen, when the width of protrusion 23 changes, the overall elevation pattern of the antenna shifts. From... Figure 16 As can be seen, the height of protrusion 23 also causes a decrease in gain within a small angle of the radiation pattern; at the same time, the antenna's radiation pattern is more sensitive to the height of protrusion 23. When the height of protrusion 23 changes in steps of a certain value, the horizontal radiation pattern of the antenna device will fluctuate significantly. From... Figure 17 As can be seen, changes in the height of the protrusion also affect the offset of the antenna's elevation pattern.
[0104] The other structures in this embodiment are similar to those in Embodiment 1 and have similar beneficial effects, so they will not be described again here.
[0105] Example 3
[0106] This embodiment provides an antenna device, which may include multiple tilted surfaces 21.
[0107] In one embodiment, a portion of the inclined surface 21 is formed in the manner described in Embodiment 1, and a portion of the inclined surface 21 is formed in the manner described in Embodiment 2. That is, the surface of the radome 2 facing the antenna body 1 may be provided with both grooves 22 and protrusions 23. This embodiment does not limit this.
[0108] In other embodiments, the plurality of inclined surfaces 21 may all be formed in the manner described in Embodiment 1; or, the plurality of inclined surfaces 21 may all be formed in the manner described in Embodiment 2. This embodiment does not limit this.
[0109] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims
1. An antenna device, characterized by include: The antenna body is provided with a radiating element, and the radiating element forms a radiating port on the radiating surface of the antenna body; The antenna cover is parallel to and spaced apart from the antenna body. The side of the antenna cover facing the antenna body has an inclined surface that is tilted relative to the radiating surface, and the orthogonal projection of the inclined surface on the radiating surface covers the radiating port.
2. The antenna device of claim 1, wherein, The radome has a groove on its surface facing the antenna body, and at least a portion of the bottom surface of the groove forms the inclined surface.
3. The antenna device of claim 2, wherein, At least one end of the groove extends to the side of the radome.
4. The antenna device of claim 1, wherein, The radome has a protrusion on its surface facing the antenna body, and at least a portion of the protrusion on the surface facing the antenna body forms the inclined surface.
5. The antenna device according to any of claims 2-4, characterized by The inclined surface is a single-sided structure; or, the inclined surface includes multiple mating surfaces.
6. The antenna device according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, The inclined surface includes a plane; and / or, the inclined surface includes a curved surface.
7. The antenna device according to any of claims 2-4, characterized by At least one edge of the inclined surface is connected to an extension surface.
8. The antenna device of claim 7, wherein, The radome is detachably connected to the antenna body.
9. The antenna device of claim 1, wherein, The radiation units are arranged at intervals, and the arrangement direction of the radiation units is the same as the length direction of the inclined surface.
10. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the inclined surface intersects with the surface of the radome facing the antenna body.