Communication method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a communication method and device, which can be applied to paging of IoT (Internet of Things) equipment. The method comprises: a network device sending K first parameters and M second parameters, a first terminal device determining a first time-frequency resource according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters, and sending a random access message on the first time-frequency resource. Wherein the first parameter is used for indicating N time units. M is the number of frequency domain resources associated with the first time unit, the second parameter is used for indicating one frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The M frequency domain resources are in one-to-one correspondence with the M second parameters, and one first parameter corresponds to one or more second parameters. In the invention, one time unit can be associated with M frequency domain resources, and the terminal device can select a proper frequency domain resource from the M frequency domain resources to execute access. Different terminal devices can execute access on the same time unit in an FDMA mode, so that the access efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of communication, and in particular to a communication method and device. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, Internet of Things (IoT) devices have been applied in various fields, such as medical treatment, wearable devices, smart home, etc.

[0003] In IoT, an IoT device can first access a network and then perform data transmission with a network device. Taking a tag as an example, the tag performs access based on the trigger of the network, and if the access fails, the tag will try to access again in the next round. This competitive mode may cause the access time of some IoT devices to be longer, which cannot meet the low-power consumption requirement of these IoT devices. SUMMARY

[0004] Embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and device, which helps to improve the efficiency of IoT device access to the network and save the energy consumption of the IoT device.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, a communication method is provided, which can be applied to a terminal-side device (also referred to as a terminal device). For example, the terminal device can be a terminal device or a module or unit for completing part of the function of the terminal device, such as a circuit or chip / chip system or other functional module in the terminal device. Or the terminal device can be a logic node, a logic module or a software module that implements all or part of the function of the terminal device. For convenience of description, the method is taken as an example below. The first terminal device is an ambient IoT (AIoT) device, for example, the first terminal device is a tag.

[0007] The method includes: the first terminal device receives K first parameters and M second parameters, determines a first time-frequency resource according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters, and sends a random access message on the first time-frequency resource. Wherein, the first parameter is used to indicate N time units between two consecutive first messages, the first message is used to trigger the first terminal device to access the network, N is a positive integer, K is a positive integer. M is the number of frequency domain resources associated with a first time unit in the N time units, and the second parameter is used to indicate one of the M frequency domain resources, M is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The M frequency domain resources correspond to the M second parameters one by one, and one first parameter corresponds to one or more second parameters. The time domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is the first time unit, and the frequency domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is the first frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources.

[0008] Correspondingly, in a second aspect, a communication method is provided, which can be applied to a network side device (also referred to as a network device). For example, the network device can be a network equipment, a component (such as a circuit, a chip or a chip system, etc.) in the network equipment, or a module or unit for completing part or all functions of the network equipment. Alternatively, the network device can be a logic node, a logic module or a software module for implementing all or part of the functions of the network equipment. For the convenience of description, the method is taken as an example below. Alternatively, the network device is a card reader or a card reader / writer.

[0009] The method comprises: the network device sending K first parameters and M second parameters, and receiving a random access message in a first time-frequency resource. The first parameter is used to indicate N time units between two consecutive first messages, the first message being used to trigger the first terminal device to access the network, N being a positive integer, and K being a positive integer. A first time unit in the N time units is associated with M frequency domain resources, M being an integer greater than or equal to 2. The second parameter is used to indicate one frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources. The M frequency domain resources correspond to the M second parameters one by one, and one first parameter corresponds to one or more second parameters. The time domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is the first time unit, and the frequency domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is a first frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources.

[0010] In the scheme provided in the first aspect or the second aspect, one time unit is associated with a plurality of frequency domain resources, for example, one time unit can be associated with M frequency domain resources, M being an integer greater than or equal to 2. Each of the plurality of frequency domain resources is a frequency domain resource for random access. The network device can configure the plurality of frequency domain resources associated with the N time units through the K first parameters and the M second parameters. Thus, the first terminal device can select a suitable time-frequency resource to perform access according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters. In this way, different terminal devices can perform access in a frequency division multiple access (FDMA) manner in the same time unit, which improves the access efficiency and saves the power consumption of the first terminal device as much as possible.

[0011] In an implementation form of the first aspect, the first terminal device determining the first time-frequency resource according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters comprises: the first terminal device selecting one second parameter from the M second parameters according to a third parameter, and determining the frequency domain resource corresponding to the selected second parameter as the first frequency domain resource. The third parameter is greater than or equal to 0, and the third parameter is less than or equal to 1.

[0012] Correspondingly, in an implementation form of the second aspect, the M frequency domain resources correspond to M third parameters one by one, the third parameter being greater than or equal to 0, and the third parameter being less than or equal to 1.

[0013] Through the scheme, the access load on different frequency domain resources can be adjusted, and the access success rate can be improved as much as possible. For example, the third parameter can indicate a weight (or probability) of the frequency domain resource corresponding to the third parameter being selected, or indicate the access load of the frequency domain resource corresponding to the third parameter. The first terminal device selects a second parameter from the M second parameters according to the third parameter, and finally selects a frequency domain resource with a suitable load to access. For example, when the network device indicates a high-load frequency domain resource through the third parameter, the terminal device accesses the high-load frequency domain resource; when the network device indicates a low-load frequency domain resource through the third parameter, the terminal device accesses the low-load frequency domain resource.

[0014] In an implementation form of the first aspect, the first terminal device determining the first time-frequency resource according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters comprises: the first terminal device determining the first time unit according to the first parameter corresponding to the selected second parameter.

[0015] Correspondingly, in an implementation form of the second aspect, the first parameter corresponding to the first time unit corresponds to the second parameter corresponding to the first frequency domain resource.

[0016] The scheme provides a way to determine the first time unit. For example, the first terminal device can determine the first frequency domain resource according to the second parameter, and then determine the first time unit according to the first parameter corresponding to the second parameter.

[0017] In an implementation form of the first aspect, the first terminal device determining the first time-frequency resource according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters comprises: the first terminal device selecting a second parameter from the M second parameters according to the third parameter, and selecting a first parameter from the K first parameters according to the third parameter, and determining the time-frequency resource corresponding to the selected second parameter and first parameter as the first time-frequency resource. The third parameter is greater than or equal to 0, and the third parameter is less than or equal to 1.

[0018] The scheme provides another way to determine the first time-frequency resource. For example, the first terminal device can select a group of parameters including one first parameter and one second parameter according to the third parameter, and then determine the first time unit according to the first parameter and determine the first frequency domain resource according to the second parameter. The order in which the first terminal device determines the first time unit and the first frequency domain resource is not limited. For example, the first terminal device can simultaneously perform the steps of determining the first time unit and determining the first frequency unit, so as to determine the first time-frequency resource as soon as possible.

[0019] In an implementation form of the first aspect or the second aspect, the third parameter belongs to a candidate value set, and the candidate value set includes at least one value, and the sum of the at least one value is equal to 1.

[0020] In this scheme, the third parameter has multiple candidate values, so that the access load on different frequency domain resources can be adjusted more flexibly, and the access success rate can be improved as much as possible.

[0021] In an implementation form of the first aspect or the second aspect, the first message further comprises the third parameter or a candidate value set. The network device configures the candidate value set or the third parameter through the first message, so as to flexibly adjust the access load on different frequency domain resources.

[0022] In an implementation form of the second aspect, the network device can further acquire channel state measurement information on multiple frequency domain resources before configuring the third parameter. The network device can adjust the candidate values of the third parameter according to the channel conditions on different frequency domain resources, and allocate a third parameter corresponding to a smaller access load to a frequency domain resource with a poor channel condition, so as to reduce the access failure rate.

[0023] In an implementation form of the first aspect, K=1, and the first terminal device determines the first time-frequency resource according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters, comprising: the first terminal device generates a number n according to the first parameter, and determines the first frequency domain resource according to the number n. The number n belongs to a first value set, and the first value set comprises a second value set and a third value set. The frequency domain resource corresponding to the second value set is different from the frequency domain resource corresponding to the third value set. When the number n belongs to the second value set, the first frequency domain resource belongs to the frequency domain resource corresponding to the second value set; when the number n belongs to the third value set, the first frequency domain resource belongs to the frequency domain resource corresponding to the third value set.

[0024] In this scheme, different frequency domain resources correspond to different value sets, so that the final frequency domain resource can be determined according to the value set to which the number n generated according to the first parameter belongs, and the access conflict of different terminal devices can be reduced.

[0025] In an implementation form of the first aspect, the second value set is [0, 2 Q -1], the third value set is [2 Q , 2 Q +1 -1], and Q is the first parameter; or, the second value set is an even number in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], the third value set is an odd number in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is the first parameter.

[0026] The scheme provides two division manners of the first value set, and the division manner of the first value set and the number and range of the divided value set are not limited. For example, the first value set can further include a fourth value set, and the fourth value set corresponds to a third frequency domain resource of the M frequency domain resources. When the number n belongs to the fourth value set, the first terminal device determines to perform access on the third frequency domain resource.

[0027] In an implementation form of the first aspect, the first terminal device further receives a second message, and the second message includes L second parameters, where L is less than or equal to M.

[0028] Correspondingly, in an implementation form of the second aspect, the network device further sends a second message, and the second message includes L second parameters, where L is less than or equal to M.

[0029] It is considered that the first terminal device can not perform access according to the received first message. In this case, the network device can request the first terminal device to access the network again through the second message.

[0030] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a communication device having the functions of implementing the behaviors in the method instances of the first aspect or the second aspect, and the beneficial effects can be referred to the related description of the first aspect or the second aspect and will not be described here. For example, the communication device can be the first terminal device in the first aspect, or the communication device can be a device capable of supporting the functions required by the terminal device to implement the method provided by the first aspect, for example, the communication device can be a chip or chip system in the terminal device. For another example, the communication device can be the network device in the second aspect, or the communication device can be a device capable of supporting the functions required by the network device to implement the method provided by the second aspect, for example, the communication device can be a chip or chip system in the network device.

[0031] In a possible design, the communication device includes a baseband device and a radio frequency device.

[0032] In a possible design, the communication apparatus includes corresponding means or modules or units for performing the methods of the first aspect or the second aspect. The modules or units or means can be implemented by software or by hardware or by a combination of software and hardware. For example, the communication apparatus includes a processing unit (also referred to as processing module or processor) and / or a transceiver unit (also referred to as transceiver module or transceiver). The transceiver unit is capable of implementing the sending function and the receiving function. When the transceiver unit implements the sending function, it can be referred to as a sending unit (also referred to as sending module). When the transceiver unit implements the receiving function, it can be referred to as a receiving unit (also referred to as receiving module). The sending unit and the receiving unit can be the same functional unit, which is referred to as a transceiver unit and is capable of implementing the sending function and the receiving function. Alternatively, the sending unit and the receiving unit can be different functional units, and the transceiver unit refers to both of the functional units. The units (modules) can perform the corresponding functions in the method examples of the first aspect or the second aspect, and details are not described herein again.

[0033] For example, the communication apparatus is used to implement the corresponding functions in the method examples of the first aspect. Accordingly, the transceiver module can be used to receive K first parameters and M second parameters. The first parameter is used to indicate N time units between two consecutive first messages, the first message is used to trigger the first terminal apparatus to access the network, N is a positive integer, K is a positive integer, and M is the number of frequency domain resources associated with a first time unit in the N time units. The second parameter is used to indicate one frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The M frequency domain resources correspond to the M second parameters in a one-to-one manner, and one first parameter corresponds to one or more second parameters. The processing module is used to determine a first time-frequency resource according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters, the time domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is the first time unit, and the frequency domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is a first frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources. The transceiver module is further used to send a random access message on the first time-frequency resource.

[0034] For another example, the communication apparatus is configured to implement the corresponding functions in the method examples of the second aspect. Correspondingly, the transceiver is configured to transmit the K first parameters and the M second parameters, and receive the random access message in the first time-frequency resource. The first parameter is used to indicate N time units between two consecutive first messages, the first message is used to trigger the first terminal apparatus to access the network, N is a positive integer, and K is a positive integer. The first time unit in the N time units is associated with the M frequency domain resources, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The second parameter is used to indicate one of the M frequency domain resources. The M frequency domain resources correspond to the M second parameters one by one, and one first parameter corresponds to one or more second parameters. The time domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is the first time unit, and the frequency domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is the first frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources. The processing module can be configured to determine the K first parameters and the M second parameters.

[0035] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication apparatus, which comprises a processor configured to cause the method in the first aspect or the second aspect or any implementation manner thereof to be executed. Optionally, the communication apparatus further comprises a communication interface. Optionally, the communication apparatus further comprises a memory configured to store a computer program (which can also be referred to as code or instruction), data, etc. The processor is coupled with the memory and the communication interface. When the processor reads the computer program, data, etc. from the memory, the method in the first aspect or the second aspect or any implementation manner thereof is caused to be executed.

[0036] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication apparatus, which comprises an input-output interface and a logic circuit. The input-output interface is configured to input and / or output information. The input-output interface can be an interface circuit, an output circuit, an input circuit, a pin or a related circuit, etc. The logic circuit is configured to execute the method in the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0037] In the fourth aspect and the fifth aspect, the communication apparatus can be the first terminal apparatus in the first aspect. Alternatively, the communication apparatus can be an apparatus capable of supporting the functions required by the terminal device to implement the method provided in the first aspect, for example, the communication apparatus can be a chip or a chip system in the terminal device. Alternatively, the communication apparatus can be the network apparatus in the second aspect. Alternatively, the communication apparatus can be an apparatus capable of supporting the functions required by the network device to implement the method provided in the second aspect, for example, the communication apparatus can be a chip or a chip system in the network device. The chip can be a baseband chip and / or a radio frequency chip, and the chip system can be composed of a chip or can contain a chip and other discrete devices.

[0038] In an implementation form of the fifth aspect, when the communication apparatus is a terminal device, the interface circuit can be a radio frequency processing chip in the terminal device, and the processing circuit can be a baseband processing chip in the terminal device. When the communication apparatus is a network device, the interface circuit can be a radio frequency processing chip in the network device, and the processing circuit can be a baseband processing chip in the network device.

[0039] In an implementation form of the fifth aspect, when the communication apparatus is a chip or a chip system, the input circuit can be an input pin, the output circuit can be an output pin, and the logic circuit can be a transistor, a gate circuit, a flip-flop, various logic circuits, etc. The input signal received by the input circuit can be received and input by, for example but not limited to, a receiver, the output signal output by the output circuit can be output to and transmitted by, for example but not limited to, a transmitter, and the input circuit and the output circuit can be the same circuit which is used as the input circuit and the output circuit at different times. The specific implementation form of the input / output interface and the logic circuit is not limited in the present application.

[0040] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, the communication system comprising a terminal device and a network device. The terminal device is configured to implement the functions of the method of the first aspect, and the network device is configured to implement the functions of the method of the second aspect. Optionally, the terminal device comprises an AIoT device, and the network device comprises a reader / writer.

[0041] In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium for storing a computer program or instructions which, when executed, cause the method of the first aspect or the second aspect and any implementation form thereof to be implemented.

[0042] In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product comprising instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the method of the first aspect or the second aspect and any implementation form thereof to be implemented.

[0043] The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned third aspect to eighth aspect and implementation forms thereof can refer to the beneficial effects of the first aspect and any implementation form thereof. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0044] Figures 1-2 A schematic diagram of a communication system to which embodiments of the present application are applicable;

[0045] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a working mode of a reader / writer and a tag;

[0046] Figure 4A A schematic diagram of a data transmission structure from a reader / writer to a tag;

[0047] Figure 4B A schematic diagram of a data transmission structure from a tag to a reader;

[0048] Figures 5-6 A communication flowchart for a tag accessing a network;

[0049] Figure 7 A flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figures 8-10 Several schematic diagrams of FDMA resource allocation provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a structure of a communication apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 12 Another schematic diagram of a structure of a communication apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied to an IoT system, for example, an ambient IoT (A-IoT / AIoT), a narrow band internet of things (NB-IoT), Bluetooth, wireless fidelity (WIFI), star flash, etc. IoT technology is widely applied to various industry fields, for example, IoT technology can be applied to logistics, warehousing, industrial manufacturing, identity recognition, or environmental monitoring, etc. IoT is based on radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. RFID technology is a non-contact communication technology realized by using radio frequency communication mode, and its principle is that a reader and a tag do not need to be in contact, and data communication is realized through radio waves.

[0054] For example, please refer to Figure 1 , which shows a communication system to which the embodiments of the present application are applicable. As shown in Figure 1 , the communication system includes a network device and an AIoT device. The AIoT device can be a separate device, or the AIoT device can be integrated with a terminal device, i.e., the AIoT device is part of the terminal device. In the communication system, the network device can communicate with the AIoT device. It should be noted that Figure 1 The device that communicates with the AIoT device is taken as an example of the network device. In possible scenarios, the device that communicates with the AIoT device can be other devices in addition to the network device, for example, a terminal device.

[0055] For example, see Figure 2 , which shows a schematic diagram of another communication system suitable for embodiments of the application. As shown in Figure 2 , the communication system includes a network device, an intermediate node, and an AIoT device, wherein the intermediate node can forward information between the network device and the AIoT device. Figure 2 For example, the terminal device is taken as an intermediate node, that is, the terminal device is taken as an intermediate node between the network device and the AIoT device. The AIoT device transmits information to the terminal device, and the terminal device forwards the information to the network device through the Uu interface; or the network device transmits information to the terminal device, and the terminal device forwards the information to the AIoT device; or based on the pre-authorized or pre-configured resources of the network device, the terminal device performs bidirectional communication with the AIoT device through the AIoT air interface.

[0056] The intermediate node can also be other devices in addition to the terminal device, for example, the intermediate node can be a network device. The network device can be located outdoors, and the terminal device and the AIoT device can be located indoors, which means that the outdoor network device communicates with the indoor AIoT device through the indoor intermediate node. Optionally, the intermediate node can be referred to as an intermediate terminal device (intermediate UE). For example, the intermediate node can be an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node. The IAB node can be taken as an intermediate node between the network device and the AIoT device, the AIoT device transmits information to the IAB node, and the IAB node forwards the information to the network device through the Uu interface; or the network device transmits information to the IAB node, and the IAB node forwards the information to the AIoT device. Based on the pre-authorized or pre-configured resources of the network device, the IAB node can also perform bidirectional communication with the AIoT device through the AIoT air interface. For example, the intermediate node can be a relay node. The relay node can be taken as an intermediate node between the network device and the AIoT device, the AIoT device transmits information to the relay node, and the relay node forwards the information to the network device through the Uu interface; or the network device transmits information to the relay node, and the relay node forwards the information to the AIoT device. Based on the pre-authorized or pre-configured resources of the network device, the relay node can also perform bidirectional communication with the AIoT device through the AIoT air interface.

[0057] Optionally, the energy required by the AIoT device to send information is provided by an excitation signal, which can come from an exciter. The exciter can be a network device, a terminal device, or other devices in addition to the network device and the terminal device.

[0058] In a possible scenario, the functions of a device (e.g., a reader) that communicates with an AIoT device can be further separated. The reader can be divided into a receiver and an exciter in terms of functions, where the receiver and the exciter can be deployed in different network devices, for example, the receiver is deployed in a first network device and the exciter is deployed in a second network device. The first network device can perform the receiving function of the reader. The second network device can perform the sending function of the reader. The receiver is also referred to as a receiving end or a receiving unit, and the exciter is also referred to as an exciting end or an exciting unit.

[0059] As introduced above, several communication systems to which embodiments of the present application are applicable are introduced. In order to better understand the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, first introduce some terms, concepts, etc. related to the embodiments of the present application.

[0060] (1) Network device, also referred to as network apparatus

[0061] In embodiments of the present application, the network device refers to a (radio) access network ((R)AN) device / RAN node. In embodiments of the present application, the (R)AN and the RAN are replaceable, and for the convenience of description, the following takes the RAN as an example. The RAN can be a third generation partnership project (3GPP) related cellular system, for example, a long term evolution (LTE) communication system, a 5th generation (5G) mobile communication system / new radio (NR) communication system, or a future-oriented evolution system, or other similar communication systems. Other similar communication systems include, for example, WiFi, vehicle to everything (V2X), spark link system, Bluetooth system, near field communication system, etc. The RAN can also be an open RAN (O-RAN or ORAN), a cloud radio access network (CRAN), or a virtualized RAN (vRAN), a non-terrestrial network (NTN), etc. The RAN can also be a communication system that combines two or more of the above systems. The RAN device can also be referred to as a RAN node, a RAN entity, or an access node, etc.

[0062] In a possible scenario, the RAN node can be a base station, an evolved Node B (eNodeB), an access point (AP), a transmission reception point (TRP), a next generation NodeB (gNB), a base station in a future mobile communication system, etc. The RAN node can be a macro base station, a micro base station, an indoor station, a relay node, a donor node / host, or a radio controller, etc. The RAN node can also be a server, a wearable device, a vehicle or a vehicle-mounted device, etc. For example, the RAN node in V2X technology can be a road side unit (RSU).

[0063] In another possible scenario, the RAN node can be a module or unit that completes part of the function of a base station, or multiple RAN nodes cooperate to assist a terminal device to implement wireless access, and different RAN nodes respectively implement part of the function of a base station. For example, the RAN node can be a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), or a radio unit (RU), etc. The function of the CU can be implemented by one entity, or also can be implemented by different entities. For example, the function of the CU can be further divided, i.e., the control plane and the user plane are separated and implemented by different entities, respectively, as a control plane CU entity (i.e., a CU-control plane (CP) entity) and a user plane CU entity (i.e., a CU-user plane (UP) entity). The CU-CP entity and the CU-UP entity can be coupled with the DU to jointly complete the function of the RAN node. The CU and the DU can be separately arranged, or also can be included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). Any one of the CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU and RU in this application can be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.

[0064] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU or RU can also have different names, but those skilled in the art can understand their meanings. For example, in an open RAN (ORAN) system, CU can also be referred to as O-CU (open CU), DU can also be referred to as O-DU, CU-CP can also be referred to as O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be referred to as O-CU-UP, and RU can also be referred to as O-RU. For the convenience of description, CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU and RU are taken as examples for description in this application.

[0065] The CU and the DU can be configured according to the protocol layer functions of the wireless network they implement: for example, the CU is configured to implement the functions of the packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer and the protocol layers above (such as the radio resource control (RRC) layer and / or the service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, etc.); the DU is configured to implement the functions of the protocol layers below the PDCP layer (such as the radio link control (RLC), the media access control (MAC) layer, and / or the physical (PHY) layer, etc.). For specific descriptions of the above-mentioned various protocol layers, reference can be made to the relevant technical specifications of 3GPP or other applicable communication protocol technical specifications.

[0066] The above-mentioned processing functions of the CU and the DU according to the division of the protocol layers are only an example, and can also be divided in other ways, which is not limited by the present application. For example, in one design, the CU or the DU can also be divided into partial processing functions with protocol layers. In one design, the partial functions of the RLC layer and the functions of the protocol layers above the RLC layer are arranged in the CU, and the remaining functions of the RLC layer and the functions of the protocol layers below the RLC layer are arranged in the DU.

[0067] In another possible design, the functions of the PHY layer are implemented by the cooperation of the DU and the RU, or described as moving part of the PHY layer functions of the DU to the RU. One DU can be connected with one or more RUs. The functions of the DU and the RU can be configured in multiple ways according to the design. For example, the DU is configured to implement the baseband functions, and the RU is configured to implement the radio frequency functions. For another example, the DU is configured to implement the high-layer functions in the PHY layer, and the RU is configured to implement the low-layer functions in the PHY layer or implement the low-layer functions and the radio frequency functions. The high-layer functions in the PHY layer can include part of the functions of the PHY layer that are closer to the MAC layer, and the low-layer functions in the PHY layer can include another part of the functions of the PHY layer that are closer to the radio frequency side. The specific functions of the DU and the RU are not limited in this application. The interface between the DU and the RU can be referred to as a front-haul interface. In one design, the CU can have no PDCP layer, for example, the CU only includes the RRC layer. The CU-CP has no PDCP-C. The CU-UP can have no PDCP-U, or have no CU-UP. In one design, the DU can have no RLC layer, for example, the DU only has the MAC and the higher PHY layer.

[0068] When the RAN is an O-RAN, it can also have an artificial intelligence (AI) function, for example, the O-RAN includes an intelligent controller. The intelligent controller can be a non-real-time RAN intelligent controller (non-real time RAN intelligent controller, non-RT RIC / NRTRIC), or a near-real-time RAN intelligent controller (near-real time RAN intelligent controller, near-RT RIC / nRT RIC). The non-real-time RIC can be used to implement non-real-time intelligent management of the RAN function, can implement a workflow including model training and model updating, and guide the application / function in the nRT RIC based on the policy. The near-real-time RIC can be used to implement near-real-time intelligent management of the RAN. Through data collection and related operations on the E2 interface, near-real-time control and optimization of the modules and resources of the O-RAN are implemented.

[0069] In the embodiments of the present application, the device for implementing the function of the network device can be the network device itself, or a device capable of supporting the network device to implement the function, such as a chip system or a combination device or component that can implement the function of the network device, which can be installed in the network device. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the network device.

[0070] (2) Terminal device

[0071] In embodiments of the present application, all terminal devices capable of data communication with a base station can be regarded as terminal devices. Terminal devices are also referred to as terminals, terminal apparatuses, user equipment (UE), user devices, mobile stations, or mobile terminals, etc. Terminal devices can be widely applied to various scenarios, for example, terminal devices can be mobile phones, computers, mobile internet devices (MIDs), wearable devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, stations (STAs), mechanical arms, cameras, robots, vehicles, drones, helicopters, airplanes, ships, or smart home devices (such as televisions, air conditioners, floor cleaners, sound boxes, set-top boxes), relays, customer premise equipment (CPE), etc.

[0072] In addition, in embodiments of the present application, terminal devices can also be terminal devices in an IoT system, for example, water meters, electricity meters, electronic tags / labels, etc. IoT is an important component of future information technology development, and its main technical feature is to connect objects through communication technology and network, thereby realizing an intelligent network of human-machine interconnection and object-object interconnection.

[0073] Among them, the terminal device applied to V2X can also be referred to as a V2X device, for example, a smart car or an intelligent car, an unmanned car or a driverless car or a pilotless car or an automobile, a roadside device (RSU). As introduced above, various terminal devices can be considered as vehicle-mounted terminal devices if they are located on a vehicle (for example, placed / installed in a vehicle). Vehicle-mounted terminal devices can be built-in as one or more components or units in a vehicle-mounted module, a vehicle-mounted module group, a vehicle-mounted component, a vehicle-mounted chip, or a vehicle-mounted unit of a vehicle. The vehicle can implement the method of the present application through the built-in vehicle-mounted module, vehicle-mounted module group, vehicle-mounted component, vehicle-mounted chip, or vehicle-mounted unit. Vehicle-mounted terminal devices can be whole vehicle devices, vehicle-mounted modules, vehicles, on-board units (OBUs), RSUs, telematics boxes (T-boxes), chips, or system on chips (SOCs), etc. The above-mentioned chips or SoCs can be installed in vehicles, OBUs, RSUs, or T-boxes.

[0074] In an embodiment of the present application, the apparatus for implementing the function of the terminal device can be the network device itself, or can be an apparatus capable of supporting the terminal device to implement the function, such as a chip system or a combination device or component that can implement the function of the terminal device, which can be installed in the terminal device. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the terminal device.

[0075] (3) Device in IoT system

[0076] IoT can include various devices, such as smart water meters, shared bicycles, and devices for smart cities, environmental monitoring, smart homes, forest fire prevention, and the like, which are targeted for sensing and data collection. In order to increase the number of devices that can be accommodated in an IoT scenario, it is generally a trend to reduce the size of IoT devices. However, due to various factors, the size of IoT devices cannot be further reduced, for example, IoT devices need to be powered by high-capacity batteries. Therefore, for IoT devices with limited size, it is not possible to set a high-capacity battery, and it is desirable to reduce the power consumption of IoT devices to prolong the endurance time of IoT devices.

[0077] Compared with NR terminal devices (for example, NR terminal devices of Release (R) 15, R16, and R17), AIoT devices have at least one of the following characteristics:

[0078] 1) Maximum bandwidth: The maximum bandwidth of an AIoT device can be smaller than the maximum bandwidth (for example, 100 MHz) of R15 and R16 terminal devices. The maximum bandwidth of an AIoT device can be smaller than the maximum bandwidth (for example, 20 MHz) of a reduced capability (RedCap) in R17 terminal devices. For example, the maximum bandwidth of an AIoT device is 1 resource block (RB), 1.44 MHz, 1.5 MHz, 2.88 MHz, 3 MHz, and the like.

[0079] 2) Number of supported antennas: An AIoT device supports one transmitting antenna and one receiving antenna, or an AIoT device supports one transmitting antenna and two receiving antennas.

[0080] 3) The transmission channel between the AIoT device and the reader is not aligned with the start and / or boundary of the slot, frame, symbol, and the like of NR.

[0081] 4) The transmission between the AIoT device and the reader adopts a single-carrier waveform.

[0082] 5) The transmission channel from the reader to the AIoT device is not aligned with the start and / or end boundary of the slot, frame, etc. of NR; the transmission channel from the reader to the AIoT device is aligned with the start and / or end boundary of the OFDM symbol of NR.

[0083] 6) The transmission from the reader to the AIoT device adopts an OFDM waveform.

[0084] 7) The modulation mode supported by the AIoT device includes at least one of binary on-off keying (OOK), frequency-shift keying (FSK), binary phase shift keying (BPSK), and minimum shift keying (MSK). The FSK can also be referred to as binary frequency-shift keying (BFSK) or 2FSK or OOK-FSK.

[0085] IoT devices include IoT devices that need a battery (also referred to as IoT devices with energy storage or active IoT devices), IoT devices that do not need a battery (also referred to as IoT devices without energy storage or passive IoT devices), and IoT devices with limited energy storage (also referred to as semi-passive IoT devices). IoT devices with limited energy storage do not need to be manually replaced or charged. Active IoT devices can independently generate signals and have active radio frequency components for transmission. Passive IoT devices do not have energy storage and cannot independently generate signals and are based on backscatter communication for transmission. Semi-passive IoT devices have energy storage and cannot independently generate signals and are based on backscatter communication for transmission. Passive IoT devices or semi-passive IoT devices can also be referred to as AIoT devices, and AIoT devices can perform services and communication by collecting energy from the environment.

[0086] A typical IoT device is, for example, a tag. The tag can also be referred to as an RFID tag or an electronic tag, or an IoT tag. In embodiments of the present application, the tag can be used as a terminal device to communicate with a network device. The "tag" is only an optional name, and the name can be changed, for example, "AIoT tag" can be changed to another name, and embodiments of the present application do not limit the name. For convenience of description, the following continues to take "tag" as an example.

[0087] The tag uses a low-precision, low-power mid-low frequency ring oscillator or completely receives a downlink signal without a local oscillator. When the tag is working, the energy and / or carrier of the communication is supplied by the reader-writer, and the communication is based on reflected carrier. For example, as shown inFigure 3 As shown, the reader can send a carrier signal to the tag, and the tag receives the carrier signal through an antenna. The solid line in the figure represents the carrier signal sent by the reader, and the dashed line represents the reflected signal transmitted by the tag based on the carrier signal reflection. The tag can adjust the information to be transmitted in the reflected signal. Through this method, the tag uses a low-precision, low-power mid-to-low frequency ring oscillator or a completely oscillator-less method to receive downlink signals, which can further reduce the power consumption of the tag's downlink reception. Optionally, the carrier can also be understood as an excitation signal, which can be sent by other devices besides the reader or the devices integrated into the reader (e.g., external nodes).

[0088] like Figure 4A This illustrates a data transmission format for reader-to-device (R2D) communication. An R2D transmission includes a preamble, a physical channel carrying the data, and a postamble. The specific name of the physical channel carrying the data is not limited; for example, it can be called the physical reader-to-device channel (PRDCH). Optionally, the PRDCH can also be replaced with the ambient physical downlink shared channel (APDSCH).

[0089] like Figure 4B This illustrates a data transmission format for device-to-reader (D2R) communication. A single D2R transmission includes a preamble (e.g., a preamble), a physical channel carrying the data, and a postamble. The specific name of the physical channel carrying the data is not limited; for example, it could be called the Physical Device to Reader Channel (PDRCH). Optionally, PDRCH can be replaced with the Ambient Physical Uplink Shared Channel (APUSCH).

[0090] A tag is a kind of miniature wireless transceiver device, mainly including a built-in tag device antenna, a coupling element and a chip. The chip of the tag has a storage space capable of supporting the reader to read or write the data of the tag. After receiving the radio frequency signal sent by the reader through the antenna, the tag can realize the coupling of the radio frequency signal through the coupling element, and then in the coupling channel, the chip of the tag can be powered and the data stored in the chip can be fed back to the reader through the antenna. A communication network based on a cellular network infrastructure, including a reader and a tag, can be referred to as AIoT.

[0091] There are various types of AIoT devices, and the classification manner of AIoT device types is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. The following illustrates several classification manners of AIoT device types.

[0092] In the classification manner 1, AIoT devices can be divided into three categories, namely type 1 (referred to as device1), type 2 (also referred to as device2a) and type 3 (also referred to as device2b). Among them, the AIoT device of type 1 does not support uplink amplification and downlink amplification, and the uplink is transmitted in a backscatter manner based on an externally provided carrier wave, and cannot generate a signal by itself. The AIoT device of type 2 supports uplink amplification or downlink amplification, and the uplink is transmitted in a backscatter manner based on an externally provided carrier wave, and cannot generate a signal by itself. The AIoT device of type 3 supports uplink amplification or downlink amplification, and the uplink is transmitted in a manner of internally generated carrier wave.

[0093] Optionally, the AIoT device of type 1 has an output power consumption of about 1 μW and has a certain energy storage capability. The peak power of the AIoT device of type 2 does not exceed several hundred μW. The peak power of the AIoT device of type 3 does not exceed several hundred μW.

[0094] Optionally, the initial sampling clock offset (SFO) of the AIoT device of type 1 is at most 10 X1 ppm, and X1 can be 5 or 4 or 3 or 2. The initial sampling clock offset of the AIoT device of type 2 is at most 10 X2 ppm, and X2 can be 5 or 4 or 3 or 2. The initial sampling clock offset of the AIoT device of type 3 is at most 10 X3 ppm, and X3 can be 5 or 4 or 3 or 2.

[0095] In the classification manner 2, the AIoT devices can be classified into three categories, namely passive AIoT devices, semi-passive AIoT devices and active AIoT devices. Among them, the passive AIoT devices and the semi-passive AIoT devices can use the reflection-based communication manner, and the active AIoT devices use the communication manner of actively generating a carrier.

[0096] In the classification manner 3, the AIoT devices can also be classified into three categories, namely device A, device B and device C. Among them, the device A has no energy storage and cannot independently generate a signal, and uses backscatter to transmit a signal; the device B has energy storage but cannot independently generate a signal, and uses backscatter to transmit a signal, wherein the energy stored by the device B can amplify the reflected signal; the device C has energy storage and can independently generate a signal, and has an active radio frequency element for transmission.

[0097] The AIoT devices in the embodiments of the present application can be classified according to the classification manner 1, the classification manner 2 or the classification manner 3, and the embodiments of the present application are applicable to any category of AIoT devices under the classification manner 1, the classification manner 2 or the classification manner 3. Alternatively, the AIoT tags in the embodiments of the present application can also have other classification manners or not be classified, and this is not limited.

[0098] AIoT can be applied to passive or semi-passive IoT scenarios, for example, in logistics and warehousing scenarios, inventory and tracking of goods can be performed through tags (such as AIoT tags), and the state of the goods can also be monitored during the transportation of the goods; for another example, in an industrial manufacturing scenario, the environment and device state can be monitored through tags.

[0099] In AIoT, the tag (such as AIoT tag) and the reader can perform at least one of the following operations: inventory operation, read operation, write operation, kill operation, or lock operation.

[0100] Inventory operations, also known as inventory checks, are used to retrieve tag identifiers. For example, a reader can use query and acknowledge (ACK) commands to obtain tag identifiers. To facilitate tag inventory, tags can include four session identifiers (S0-S3), each corresponding to two inventory states, A and B, indicated by a sessionInventory flag. When a reader selects a tag, the select command sent to that tag carries a session identifier, which the tag stores. When the reader performs an inventory operation on the tag, the query command sent to the tag includes the session identifier, at which point the tag can flip its inventory state from A to B. If the reader sends another query command to perform an inventory operation, since the tag's inventory state is B, it will not respond to the reader, thus preventing the same tag from being inventoried multiple times in a single inventory cycle.

[0101] For example, see Figure 5 This is a timing diagram of the tag access network provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 The introduction uses the example of a reader / writer performing an inventory check on tags. Accordingly, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 6 This illustrates the communication process for tag access to the network.

[0102] S601, the reader sends a select message. Correspondingly, the tag receives the select message.

[0103] Select messages can instruct the reader to inventory or take stock of tags. For example, a reader can send a select message to take stock of its tag inventory. Optionally, a select message can be replaced with a paging message. Optionally, this paging message has the functionality of selecting tags.

[0104] S602, the reader sends a query message. Correspondingly, the tag receives the query message.

[0105] A query message can be used by one or more tags to send a random number (RN) based on the query message. The query message can indicate a Q value, which the tag receiving the query message can use to determine the initial value of a counter. Optionally, the query message can also be replaced by a paging message. Optionally, the paging message has the function of sending the Q value.

[0106] S603, the tag sends a random number. The reader then receives this random number.

[0107] The tag can send the random number when a corresponding condition is met, which can include that the counter maintained by the tag is 0. For example, the tag receives the query message, and can determine a value according to the query message, which can be used as the initial value of the counter. For example, the value is any one of (0, 2 Q -1). When the counter is decremented from the initial value to 0, the tag can send the random number.

[0108] If the initial value is 0, the tag can send the random number. Alternatively, if the initial value is not 0, the tag can successively decrement the value of the counter. For example, the tag can receive a query repetition (QueryRep) message from the reader, and can decrease the value of the counter by 1 each time the QueryRep message is received until the value of the counter is 0. Alternatively, the QueryRep message can be replaced by a paging message. Alternatively, the paging message has the function of the QueryRep message.

[0109] As described above, when the selection message is a paging message, the paging message has the function of selecting the tag. When the query message is a paging message, the paging message has the function of sending the Q value. When the QueryRep message is a paging message, the paging message has the function of the QueryRep message. When the above selection message, query message, and QueryRep message are replaced by a paging message, the function of the paging message can be distinguished by a specific identifier. For example, the first value of the MAC header indicates that the current paging message has the function of selecting the tag. For another example, the second value of the MAC header indicates that the current paging message has the function of sending the Q value. For another example, the third value of the MAC header indicates that the current paging message has the function of the QueryRep message.

[0110] In one inventory process (or in other business processes), one or more access processes can be experienced, for example, if the tags to be inventoried are not accessed through one access process, the next access process can be performed. In one access process, one or more time units can be included. In addition, the lengths of different time units included in one access process can be the same or different, for example, the length of the time unit can be controlled by the reader. In one access opportunity, one or more tags can send the random number, for example, the counters of these tags are 0; and some tags can not send the random number, for example, the counters of these tags are not 0. The above-mentioned QueryRep message is sent by the reader only once in one time unit; the above-mentioned query message is also sent by the reader only once in one time unit, wherein the query message and the QueryRep message do not exist in the same time unit. For example, in one access process, the reader sends the query message in the first time unit, and sends the QueryRep message in the subsequent time units. For reference, please refer to Figure 6 .

[0111] For a tag, if the value of the counter of the tag is 0 (i.e., the initial value of the counter is 0) in the first time unit of a round of the access procedure, the tag can send the random number in the first time unit without receiving the query repetition message in the subsequent time units. Alternatively, if the value of the counter of the tag is not 0 in the first time unit (time unit 0), the tag does not send the random number in the first time unit, but waits to receive the query repetition message in the second time unit (time unit 1) of the round of the access procedure; in the second time unit, if the value of the counter of the tag is decremented to 0, the tag sends the random number in the second time unit, otherwise, the tag will continue to receive the query repetition message in the third time unit (time unit 2) of the round of the access procedure, and so on.

[0112] Optionally, the method can further comprise S604-S605.

[0113] S604, the reader sends an acknowledgement message. Correspondingly, the tag receives the acknowledgement message. The acknowledgement message is, for example, an acknowledgement response (ACK).

[0114] The acknowledgement message can comprise the random number received by the reader. For a tag, if the received acknowledgement message comprises the random number sent by the tag, it indicates that the tag successfully accesses the reader, or the random number is successfully sent; and if the acknowledgement message does not comprise the random number sent by the tag, it indicates that the tag fails to access the reader, or the random number is unsuccessfully sent.

[0115] S605, the tag sends the identification of the tag. The reader receives the identification of the tag.

[0116] For example, if a tag determines that it successfully accesses the reader, or the random number is successfully sent, the tag can send the identification of the tag, so that the reader obtains the identification of the tag. For example, the identification of the tag can comprise part or all of the electronic product code (EPC) of the tag. When the identification of the tag comprises part of the EPC of the tag, the identification can be a truncated EPC.

[0117] Optionally, the communication process can further comprise S706, the tag and the reader transmit data.

[0118] In S606, the reader can send a command (e.g., a downlink command (DL command)) between the reader and the tag, which can indicate a corresponding operation, e.g., a read operation or a write operation, etc. For example, the DL command is a read operation, the DL command can indicate the characteristic of the data to be read. For another example, the DL command is a write operation, the DL command can include the data to be written into the tag. Optionally, the DL command can further include the identity of the tag, so that the tag knows whether to execute the DL command.

[0119] After receiving the DL command, the tag can execute the corresponding operation according to the DL command. For example, the DL command is a read operation, the tag can read the data satisfying the characteristic of the data indicated by the read operation from the storage area of the tag, and send the data, so that the reader receives the data. For another example, the DL command is a write operation, the tag can write the data carried by the DL command into the storage area of the tag.

[0120] (4) Time unit

[0121] A time unit refers to a period of time. In the embodiments of the present application, there are N time units between two consecutive query messages, and N is a positive integer. Or in other words, one round of access procedure includes one or more time units. The concept of time unit can refer to the embodiments shown in the foregoing Figure 6 and Figure 7 For example, there are time unit 0 to time unit 3 between two query messages. One time unit can be the time length of the interval between a query message and a query repetition message, or the time length of the interval between two consecutive query repetition messages. The lengths of different time units included in one access procedure can be the same or different. For example, the size of time unit 0 and the size of time unit 1 are different.

[0122] A time unit can be a radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, a millisecond (ms), or a fractional millisecond (e.g., 1 / 32 ms). Alternatively, a time unit is a plurality of slots, a plurality of subframes, a plurality of mini-slots, a plurality of OFDM symbols, a number of ms, or a number of fractional ms. Wherein, one radio frame can include a plurality of subframes, one subframe can include one or more slots, and one slot can include at least one symbol. Alternatively, one radio frame can include a plurality of slots, and one slot can include at least one OFDM symbol.

[0123] (5) In the embodiments of the present application, “transmit” includes “send” and / or “receive”. Wherein, “send” and “receive” represent the direction of signal transmission. For example, “send information to XX” can be understood as that the destination of the information is XX, which can include direct transmission through the air interface, and also includes indirect transmission through the air interface by other units or modules. “Receive information from YY” can be understood as that the source of the information is YY, which can include direct reception from YY through the air interface, and also includes indirect reception from YY through the air interface by other units or modules. “Send” can also be understood as the “output” of the chip interface, and “receive” can also be understood as the “input” of the chip interface. In other words, transmission and reception can be carried out between devices, for example, between an access network device and a terminal device, or can be carried out within a device, for example, between components, between modules, between chips, between software modules or hardware modules within a device through a bus, a wire or an interface.

[0124] In the embodiments of the present application, the number of nouns represents “singular noun or plural noun”, that is, “one or more” unless otherwise specified. “At least one” means one or more, and “multiple” means two or more. “And / or” describes the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent the following three cases: A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. The character “ / ” generally represents that the associated objects before and after it are in an “or” relationship. For example, A / B means A or B. “At least one of the following” or similar expressions means any combination of these items, including any combination of single item or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b and / or c means the following combinations: a exists alone, b exists alone, c exists alone, a and b exist together, a and c exist together, b and c exist together, or a and b and c exist together, where a, b and c can be single or multiple.

[0125] In the embodiments of the present application, “when”, “if” and “whether” all refer to the fact that the device will make corresponding processing under certain objective circumstances, and are not limited in time, and do not require the device to have a judgment action when implemented, nor do they mean that there are other limitations. Unless otherwise specified, “if” and “whether” can be replaced, “when” and “in the case of” can be replaced. “When” and “if” / “whether” can be replaced. “Correlation” and “correspondence” can be replaced.

[0126] In the embodiments of the present application, the words “exemplary” or “for example” are used to mean serving as an example or illustration. Any embodiment or design presented as “exemplary” or “for example” in the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or superior to other embodiments or design solutions. Rather, the use of “exemplary” or “for example” is intended to present relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0127] In the embodiments of the present application, the ordinal numbers “first”, “second”, etc. are used to distinguish multiple objects, and are not used to limit the size, content, order, timing, priority or importance of the multiple objects. For example, the first parameter and the second parameter refer to two different parameters, and do not mean that the priority or importance of the two parameters is different.

[0128] In the embodiments of the present application, the solutions in the embodiments can be reasonably combined, and the explanation or description of each term appearing in the embodiments, similar operations or steps can be mutually referenced or explained in each embodiment, and this is not limited.

[0129] According to the foregoing Figure 5 Or Figure 6 The flow can know that after the tag receives the selection message and the query message, access can be performed, and if the access fails, the access is tried again in the next round. For example, as shown in Figure 5 Tag 2 and tag 3 may both send random numbers (RN16) in time unit 2, a conflict may occur, causing access failure, and then tag 2 and tag 3 can try to access again in the next round. Currently, the reader sends a query repetition message only once in a time unit, and the reader also sends a query message only once in a time unit, wherein the query message and the query repetition message do not exist in the same time unit. As shown in Figure 5 The interval between the query message and the query repetition message is 1 time unit, and the interval between the two consecutive query repetition messages is 1 time unit, so that the access time of some tags is longer. But some tags want to access as soon as possible, and the current competition mechanism cannot meet the low-power consumption demand of these tags.

[0130] In view of this, the scheme provided in the embodiments of the present application is provided. In the embodiments of the present application, one time unit can be associated with multiple frequency domain resources, for example, one time unit can be associated with M frequency domain resources, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The network side can configure the M frequency domain resources on each time unit. The terminal side selects appropriate time-frequency resources to perform access according to the configuration of the network side. In this way, different terminal devices can perform access in the same time unit in the same FDMA manner, thereby improving access efficiency and saving the power consumption of the terminal as much as possible.

[0131] The communication method provided in the embodiments of the present application is introduced below.

[0132] The communication method provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to the network architecture shown in Figure 1 or Figure 2 The communication method provided in the embodiments of the present application takes the access of the first terminal device to the network as an example. It should be understood that, in addition to the first terminal device, other terminal devices can also access the network by using the method provided in the embodiments of the present application, and the behaviors of the other terminal devices are the same as that of the first terminal device. The method provided in the embodiments of the present application is taken as an example below, which is performed by the first terminal device and the network device. The steps performed by the first terminal device can be implemented by the first terminal device itself, or by a device (for example, a terminal device) including the first terminal device, for example, the first terminal device can be a hardware component (such as a baseband chip, or other processing unit or processor, etc.) in the terminal device, or a logic node, logic module or software module implementing part or all functions of the first terminal device. The steps performed by the network device can be implemented by the RAN device itself, or by a component (such as a baseband chip, or other processing unit or processor, etc.) in the RAN device, or by a component (such as a CU, DU or RU) completing part or all functions of the RAN device. In a possible scenario, the first terminal device can be an AIoT device or a chip (system) in the AIoT device shown in Figure 1 The network device can be a network device in Figure 1 or also can be a chip (system) in the network device in Figure 1 The network device has part or all functions of a reader / writer.

[0133] The AIoT device and the reader / writer can be implemented based on the infrastructure in the cellular network, or the AIoT device and the reader / writer can be devices in the cellular network. For example, the functions of the reader / writer can be implemented by a network device or a terminal device, and the AIoT device can be implemented by a terminal device in the cellular network, for example, the AIoT device can be an Internet of Things terminal with extremely low power consumption and extremely low complexity. When the terminal device has the function of the AIoT device, the terminal device can perform non-contact data communication with the network device or another terminal device.

[0134] The random access message includes access-related messages or information. For example, in a 3-step random access, the random access message includes random access message 1 to random access message 3. The random access message 1 is a random access preamble, which can be referred to as message 1 (Msg1). The random access message 2 is a response message of the random access message 1, which can be referred to as message 2 (Msg2). The random access message 3 is used to report the identification information of the AIoT device. The random access message 3 is also referred to as Msg3. For another example, in a 2-step random access, the random access message includes random access message A to random access message B. MsgA is equivalent to the random access message 1 and the random access message 3 in the 3-step random access process; and MsgB is equivalent to the random access message 2 in the 3-step random access process. For another example, the random access message can also include a random number, a terminal identifier, and the like.

[0135] See Figure 7 The flowchart of the communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown. Figure 7 The method is introduced from the perspective of interaction between the first terminal device and the network device. It should be understood that the communication method can also be implemented by other devices, such as a chip or a communication device with communication function. In addition, the processing performed by a single execution subject can also be divided into processing performed by multiple execution subjects, which can be logically and / or physically separated. For example, the processing performed by the network device can be divided into processing performed by at least one of the CU, the DU, the RU, and the like. As Figure 7 The flow of the communication method includes the following steps.

[0136] S701, the network device sends K first parameters and M second parameters, K is a positive integer, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0137] The first parameter can be used to indicate / determine N time units, N being a positive integer. The N time units are time units included in one round of access process of the terminal device (for example, the first terminal device). For example, the first time unit is one of the N time units between the intervals of two consecutive first messages, which can be used to trigger the terminal device (for example, the first terminal device) to access the network, or which can be used to trigger the first terminal device to perform access. The first terminal device receives the first message and can perform access according to the first message. The specific name of the first message is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. For example, the first message can be referred to as a query message or a paging message. The network device can configure the N time units, for example, the network device sends the first parameter, which can be used to indicate the N time units, or the first parameter is used to indicate the N time units between the two consecutive first messages. For example, the first parameter includes (or is) a Q value, and then N = 2Q .

[0138] M is the number of frequency domain resources associated with a time unit. Taking a first time unit in N time units as an example, the first time unit is associated with M frequency domain resources. In other words, the time-frequency resource where the first time unit is located includes M frequency domain resources. It should be noted that the first time unit can be any one of the N time units, and the specific one is not limited by the embodiments of the present application. For example, the first time unit can be the time unit between the two consecutive second messages in the N time units, and the second message can be used to trigger the first terminal device to access the network again, for example, the second message can be a query repetition message. Following the example of Figure 6 , the N time units are time unit 0-time unit 2, and the first time unit can be time unit 1 or time unit 2. For another example, the first time unit can also be the time unit between the first message and the second message in the N time units. Following the example of Figure 6 , the N time units are time unit 0-time unit 2, and the first time unit can be time unit 0. In particular, N=1, and the first time unit is the time unit between the two consecutive first messages.

[0139] The M frequency domain resources on the first time unit are random access resources. Different terminal devices can perform access on different frequency domain resources on the first time unit. For example, the first terminal device can perform access on the first frequency domain resource of the M frequency domain resources, and the second terminal device can perform access on the second frequency domain resource of the M frequency domain resources. In this way, multiple terminal devices can perform access on the first time unit in the manner of FDMA, which can enable some terminal devices to access the network as soon as possible. Compared with the flow shown in Figure 6 , which can only be used for one terminal device to perform access on a time unit, the method provided by the embodiments of the present application can improve the efficiency of terminal devices accessing the network.

[0140] For each time unit, the network device can configure the M frequency domain resources on the time unit. Alternatively, the network device can configure N time units and the M frequency domain resources associated with each time unit in the N time units, or the network device can configure random access resources on the N time units. As an implementation manner, the network device can configure the random access resources on the N time units through K first parameters and M second parameters. The M second parameters correspond to the M frequency domain resources one by one, and one second parameter can be used to indicate one frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources. The second parameter can be a frequency offset or an index of the frequency domain resource, etc. Alternatively, the index of the frequency domain resource is a channel number, a line code repetition number, or a square wave repetition number.

[0141] In possible scenarios, M is greater than K, or M is equal to K. When K = M, then the K first parameters and the M second parameters are one-to-one corresponding. When K is less than M, then one first parameter can correspond to multiple second parameters. It should be appreciated that there is a corresponding relationship between the M frequency domain resources and the M second parameters and the K first parameters. In this way, the first device receives the K first parameters and the M second parameters, can determine the N time units, and the M frequency domain resources on each time unit.

[0142] The network device can send the K first parameters and the M second parameters. For example, the network device broadcasts or multicasts the K first parameters and the M second parameters. The network device can send the K first parameters and the M second parameters through one R2D message or multiple R2D messages. For example, the network device sends a first message, and the first message includes the K first parameters and the M second parameters. The first message can be carried in (or be) an R2D message, and the K first parameters and the M second parameters can be carried in a PRDCH in the R2D message. The first terminal device receives the first message and can obtain the K first parameters and the M second parameters.

[0143] It should be appreciated that, as described above Figure 6 As shown in the flow, if the value of the counter of the first terminal device is 0 (i.e., the initial value of the counter is 0) in the first time unit in a round of access process, the first terminal device can send the random number in the first time unit, without having to receive the query repetition message in the subsequent time unit. Or, if the value of the counter of the first terminal device is not 0 in the first time unit, the first terminal device does not send the random number in the first time unit, but waits to receive the query repetition message in the second time unit of the round of access process. In this case, the first terminal device performs access according to the query repetition message. Based on this, the network device can send the first message in a certain time unit, and send the second message in the time unit subsequent to the time unit.

[0144] In this case, the first terminal device can perform access after receiving the second message. The second message can carry parameters for determining random access resources, for example, L second parameters, L is less than or equal to K. For the first terminal device, receiving the first message, the first terminal device can obtain the K first parameters and the M second parameters. The first terminal device receives the second message and can obtain the L second parameters. Finally, the first terminal device can obtain the K first parameters and the M second parameters from the first message, and the L second parameters from the second message.

[0145] S702, the first terminal device determines the first time-frequency resource according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters.

[0146] The first terminal device acquires K first parameters and M second parameters, and can determine a time-frequency resource (e.g., a first time-frequency resource) for random access from the N time units according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters. For example, the time domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is the first time unit of the N time units, and the frequency domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is the first frequency domain resource of the M frequency domain resources.

[0147] Alternatively, the first terminal device acquires K first parameters and M second parameters, selects a first parameter from the K first parameters, and the first parameter indicates the first time unit of the N time units. If the count value of the first terminal device in the first time unit is not 0, the first terminal device further receives a second message, and the first terminal device acquires L second parameters from the second message. In this case, the first terminal device further determines the first time-frequency resource according to the L second parameters. For example, the first terminal device selects a second parameter from the L second parameters, and determines the first frequency domain resource associated with the first time unit according to the selected second parameter.

[0148] The first terminal device determines the first time-frequency resource in various manners, which are described below as examples.

[0149] (1) K = M

[0150] When K = M, the K first parameters and the M second parameters can be regarded as M groups of parameters, one group of parameters includes one first parameter and one second parameter, and one group of parameters corresponds to one frequency domain resource and one time unit. The first parameters included in different groups of parameters can be the same or different, and the second parameters included in different groups of parameters are different. For example, the first message includes {first parameter #1, second parameter #1, first parameter #2, second parameter #2}, wherein the first parameter #1 and the second parameter #1 are a group of parameters, the first parameter #2 and the second parameter #2 are a group of parameters, the first parameter #1 and the first parameter #2 can be the same, and the second parameter #1 and the second parameter #2 are different.

[0151] In the implementation manner 1, the first terminal device can select a second parameter from the M second parameters, and determine the frequency domain resource corresponding to the second parameter as the first frequency domain resource. Further, the first terminal device determines the first time unit according to the first parameter corresponding to the selected second parameter. How the first terminal device determines a certain time unit according to the first parameter will be described below, and is not described here.

[0152] Alternatively, the first terminal device randomly selects a second parameter from the M second parameters.

[0153] Alternatively, the first terminal device selects one second parameter from the M second parameters according to the third parameter. For example, one frequency domain resource can correspond to one third parameter, and then the M frequency domain resources and the M third parameters can correspond to each other one by one. For a certain third parameter, the third parameter can indicate the weight (or probability) of the frequency domain resource corresponding to the third parameter being selected. Accordingly, the third parameter can also be understood as a weight factor or a probability. If the weight (probability) factor corresponding to a frequency domain resource is larger, it can be considered that the access load of the frequency domain resource is smaller or larger. From this point of view, the third parameter can also be used to determine / indicate the access load of the frequency domain resource corresponding to the third parameter. The first terminal device selects one second parameter from the M second parameters according to the third parameter, and finally selects a frequency domain resource with a suitable access load, so as to adjust the access load on different frequency domain resources and maximize the access success rate. For example, when the network device indicates a high-load frequency domain resource through the third parameter, the terminal device accesses the high-load frequency domain resource; when the network device indicates a low-load frequency domain resource through the third parameter, the terminal device accesses the low-load frequency domain resource.

[0154] The third parameter belongs to a candidate value set, and the candidate value set includes at least one value, and the sum of the at least one value is equal to 1. For example, the candidate value set includes M values, one value can be regarded as one third parameter, the value is greater than or equal to 0, and less than or equal to 1. That is, the value range of the third parameter is [0, 1], and the value range of the third parameter can include any one of the two end values “0” and “1”.

[0155] Optionally, the candidate value set is (pre)configured. For example, the candidate value set can be included in the first message. The network device can flexibly configure the candidate value set through the first message, so as to flexibly adjust the access load on different frequency domain resources. For example, the first message includes {first parameter #1, second parameter #1, third parameter #1; first parameter #2, second parameter #2, third parameter #2}. Alternatively, the candidate value set can also be carried by signaling other than the first message. In this case, the correspondence between the M values included in the candidate value set and the M frequency domain resources can be predefined. For example, according to the frequency from low to high or from high to low, the M values correspond to the M frequency domain resources one by one.

[0156] Optionally, the network device can also obtain channel state measurement information on the plurality of frequency domain resources before configuring the third parameter. The network device can adjust the candidate value of the third parameter according to the channel state on different frequency domain resources, and allocate a third parameter corresponding to a smaller access load to a frequency domain resource with a poor channel state, so as to reduce the access failure rate.

[0157] The embodiments of the present application do not limit how the first terminal device selects one second parameter from the M second parameters according to the third parameter. For example, the first terminal device can determine the third parameter according to an identifier (ID) of the first terminal device, and select one second parameter from the M second parameters according to the third parameter. For example, the third parameter is a fraction, if the result of the ID of the first terminal device modulo the denominator of the third parameter is odd, a certain second parameter (for example, second parameter #1) is selected; if the result of the ID of the first terminal device modulo the denominator of the third parameter is even, another second parameter (for example, second parameter #2) is selected. Alternatively, the third parameter is a fraction, if the result of the ID of the first terminal device modulo the denominator of the third parameter is less than or equal to a first value, a second parameter (for example, second parameter #1) is selected; if the result of the ID of the first terminal device modulo the denominator of the third parameter is greater than the first value, another second parameter (for example, second parameter #2) is selected.

[0158] For example, M=2, the M frequency domain resources are frequency domain resource #1 and frequency domain resource #2, the frequency domain resource #1 corresponds to the second parameter #1, the frequency domain resource #2 corresponds to the second parameter #2, the third parameter associated with the frequency domain resource #1 is 2 / 5, and the third parameter associated with the frequency domain resource #2 is 3 / 5. When the ID of the first terminal device modulo 5=0 or 1, the second parameter #1 is selected; when the ID of the first terminal device modulo 5=2, 3 or 4, the second parameter #2 is selected.

[0159] The first terminal device selects a certain second parameter, and determines the first time unit according to the first parameter corresponding to the second parameter. For example, the first terminal device can determine the first parameter corresponding to the second parameter according to the correspondence between the M second parameters and the M first parameters, and then determine the first time unit according to the first parameter. For example, M=2, the first parameter #1 corresponds to the second parameter #1, and the first parameter #2 corresponds to the second parameter #2, the first parameter #1 is Q1, and the first parameter #2 is Q2. Assuming that the second parameter selected by the first terminal device is the second parameter #2, the first terminal device determines the first time unit according to Q2. For example, the first terminal device generates a number n according to Q2, and the first time unit is the n+1th time unit in 2 Q2 time units, and n is a natural number. For example, n is greater than or equal to 0 and n is less than or equal to 2 Q2 .

[0160] In implementation 2, the first terminal device can select one second parameter from the M second parameters, and select one first parameter from the M first parameters, and determine the frequency domain resource corresponding to the selected second parameter and first parameter as the first time-frequency resource.

[0161] For example, the first terminal device can select one second parameter from the M second parameters and one first parameter from the M first parameters according to the third parameter. The third parameter can refer to the description in the foregoing implementation 1. Compared with the implementation 1, in the implementation 2, the first terminal device can determine a group of parameters including the first parameter and the second parameter according to the third parameter, and then determine the first time-frequency resource according to the group of parameters, so as to determine the first time-frequency resource as early as possible. For example, the M second parameters correspond to the M first parameters one by one, the M second parameters correspond to the M third parameters one by one, and the M first parameters also correspond to the M third parameters one by one. The first terminal device can determine the first parameter and the second parameter corresponding to the third parameter according to the third parameter, and then determine the first time unit according to the first parameter and determine the first frequency domain resource according to the second parameter.

[0162] The first terminal device can determine the first time unit according to the first parameter, which can refer to the description in the foregoing implementation 1. The first terminal device can determine the first frequency domain resource according to the second parameter, which can also refer to the description in the foregoing implementation 1. The application embodiments do not limit the order in which the first terminal device determines the first time unit and the first frequency domain resource. For example, after the first terminal device determines the first parameter and the second parameter, the first terminal device can first determine the first time unit according to the first parameter, and then determine the first frequency domain resource according to the second parameter; or the first terminal device can first determine the first frequency domain resource according to the second parameter, and then determine the first time unit according to the first parameter; or the first terminal device can simultaneously determine the first time unit according to the first parameter and determine the first frequency domain resource according to the second parameter.

[0163] The first terminal device can determine the first time-frequency resource for random access according to the implementation 1 or the implementation 2. Similarly, other terminal devices except the first terminal device can also determine the time-frequency resource for random access according to the implementation 1 or the implementation 2. For example, the second terminal device can also determine the second time-frequency resource for random access according to the implementation 1 or the implementation 2. The time domain resource of the second time-frequency resource can be the first time unit, and the frequency domain resource of the second time-frequency resource can be the second frequency domain resource. In this way, different terminal devices can use different frequency domain resources to perform access in the same time unit, or multiple terminal devices perform access in an FDMA manner, so that the access efficiency can be improved.

[0164] For the convenience of understanding, please refer to Figure 8 , a schematic diagram of FDMA resource allocation provided by the embodiments of the application. Figure 8 Taking an example of associating two frequency domain resources in one time unit. Figure 8The location of each message indicates the time-frequency resource in which the message is sent or received. It should be understood that the two frequency domain resources (e.g., frequency domain resource #1 and frequency domain resource #2) correspond one-to-one to two second parameters, which correspond one-to-one to two first parameters (e.g., Q1 and Q2 in the above example). The network device sends {Q1, second parameter #1; Q2, second parameter #2} via the first message, and the network device also sends {third parameter #1, third parameter #2}. Alternatively, the network device sends {Q1, second parameter #1, third parameter #1; Q2, second parameter #2, third parameter #2} via the first message. Figure 8

[0165] Suppose that the first terminal device receives the first message and determines the third parameter #2 according to the first terminal device ID. According to the foregoing implementation mode 1, the first terminal device can select the second parameter #2 according to the third parameter #2, and determine the first frequency domain resource to be the frequency domain resource #2 according to the second parameter #2. The first terminal device determines the first parameter #2 according to the second parameter #2, and determines the first time unit according to the first parameter #2. The first terminal device can determine the first time-frequency resource (i.e., the location indicated by Msg1 #1) for sending Msg1. Alternatively, according to the foregoing implementation mode 2, the first terminal device receives the first message, determines the third parameter #2 according to the first terminal device ID, and can determine {first parameter #2, second parameter #2} according to the third parameter #2. Further, the first terminal device determines the first time unit according to the first parameter #2, and determines the first frequency domain resource (i.e., the frequency domain location indicated by Msg1 #1) according to the second parameter #2, thereby determining the first time-frequency resource. In this way, the second terminal device can determine the second time-frequency resource (i.e., the location indicated by Msg1 #2) for sending Msg1. It should be understood that after the first terminal device sends Msg1, the first terminal device can receive a response message (i.e., Msg2) of Msg1. The first terminal device can also determine the time-frequency resource (i.e., the location indicated by Msg3 #1) for sending Msg3. The second terminal device can also determine the time-frequency resource (i.e., the location indicated by Msg3 #2) for sending Msg3.

[0166] ​It should be noted that if the first terminal device receives the first message in the first time unit, the current value of the counter of the first terminal device is not 0, then the first terminal device receives the second message subsequently. The first terminal device receives the second message once, then the value of the counter is reduced by 1, until the value of the counter of the first terminal device is 0, the first terminal device sends Msg1. Other terminal devices are similar to the first terminal device. For example, the third terminal device receives the first message in the first time unit, the current value of the counter of the third terminal device is not 0, the third terminal device continues to receive the second message until the value of the counter of the third terminal device is 0. At this time, the third terminal device determines the third time-frequency resource for sending the random access message according to the L second parameters included in the second message and the K first parameters and the M second parameters included in the first message. For example, the time domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the second time unit, and the frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the frequency domain position shown in Msg1#2. The third terminal device determines the third time-frequency resource for sending Msg1 (i.e., the position shown in Msg1#3). It should be understood that the third terminal device can also determine the time-frequency resource for sending Msg3 (i.e., the position shown in Msg3#3). Similar to the third terminal device, the fourth terminal device can determine to send Msg1 on the fourth time-frequency resource (i.e., the position shown in Msg1#4). The fourth terminal device can also determine the time-frequency resource for sending Msg3 (i.e., the position shown in Msg3#4). The fifth terminal device can determine to send Msg1 on the fifth time-frequency resource (i.e., the position shown in Msg1#5). The fifth terminal device can also determine the time-frequency resource for sending Msg3 (i.e., the position shown in Msg3#5).

[0167] (2) K = 1

[0168] In a possible implementation, K = 1, that is, the network device sends one first parameter, for example, the first parameter is Q. In this case, the first terminal device can determine the first frequency domain resource according to the first parameter. For example, different frequency domain resources are associated with different value sets, and the first terminal device can determine the first frequency domain resource according to the value set to which the number n generated according to the first parameter belongs.

[0169] For example, the number n belongs to a first value set, and the first value set includes a second value set and a third value set. The second value set corresponds to a frequency domain resource #1, and the third value set corresponds to a frequency domain resource #2. When the number n belongs to the second value set, the first frequency domain resource belongs to the frequency domain resource corresponding to the second value set (i.e., the frequency domain resource #1). When the number n belongs to the third value set, the first frequency domain resource belongs to the frequency domain resource corresponding to the third value set (i.e., the frequency domain resource #2).

[0170] There are multiple implementation manners for the second value set and the third value set, or the second value set and the third value set can satisfy multiple different relationships, which are described below as examples.

[0171] For example, the second value set is [0, 2 Q -1], and the third value set is [2 Q , 2 Q+1 -1]. Among them, for the two endpoint values of "0" and "2 Q -1", the second value set includes the two endpoint values. For the two endpoint values of "2 Q " and "2 Q+1 -1", the third value set includes the two endpoint values. For another example, the second value set is the even numbers in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], and the third value set is the odd numbers in [0, 2 Q+1 -1].

[0172] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, two frequency domain resources (for example, frequency domain resource #1 and frequency domain resource #2) are associated with the first time unit, and accordingly, the first value set includes the second value set and the third value set. In a possible scenario, the first time unit is associated with at least three frequency domain resources. In this case, in addition to including the second value set and the third value set, the first value set can also include a fourth value set, which corresponds to the frequency domain resource #3. When the number n belongs to the fourth value set, the first terminal device can determine that the first frequency domain resource is the frequency domain resource #1.

[0173] The first terminal device can also determine the first time unit according to the first parameter, for example, the first time unit is the nth time unit in 2 Q3 , Q3 can be equal to Q+1, and n starts from 0.

[0174] Optionally, the present application does not limit the mapping rule between the number n and 2 Q3 time units and M frequency domain resources. For example, the number n can be mapped in the order of time domain first and then frequency domain, or the number n can be mapped in the order of frequency domain first and then time domain. For the convenience of understanding, the following will be introduced in combination with Figure 9 and Figure 10 .

[0175] For example, please refer to Figure 9 , which is a schematic diagram of the FDMA resource allocation provided by the embodiments of the present application. Figure 9 Taking the example that the number n is mapped in the order of time domain first and then frequency domain. And, Figure 9 taking the example that two frequency domain resources are associated with one time unit. Figure 9The location of each Msg message indicates the time-frequency resource for sending or receiving the Msg message. It should be understood that the two frequency domain resources (for example, frequency domain resource #1 and frequency domain resource #2) correspond to two value sets one by one. For example, frequency domain resource #1 corresponds to the second value set, and frequency domain resource #2 corresponds to the third value set. Among them, the second value set is [0, 2 Q -1], and the third value set is [2 Q , 2 Q+1 -1].

[0176] The Msg1 resources associated with the first time unit and the second time unit can be mapped in the order of increasing index in the order of time domain and then frequency domain. For example, Msg1#1, Msg1#2, Msg1#3 and Msg1#4, taking 2 POs in the frequency domain as an example, the 4 Msg1 resources are sorted according to a certain rule, and the sorted result is: Msg1#1 occupies the first Msg1 position in the time domain, and occupies the first Msg1 position in the frequency domain; Msg1#2 occupies the second Msg1 position in the time domain, and occupies the first Msg1 position in the frequency domain; Msg1#3 occupies the first Msg1 position in the time domain, and occupies the second Msg1 position in the frequency domain; Msg1#4 occupies the second Msg1 position in the time domain, and occupies the second Msg1 position in the frequency domain.

[0177] The network device sends the first parameter Q through the first message. The first terminal device receives the first parameter, and generates a number n according to Q. It is assumed that the number n belongs to the second value set, the first terminal device determines that the first frequency domain resource is frequency domain resource #1, and the first terminal device determines that the first time unit is the (n+1) th time unit in 2 Q3 . For example, the first terminal device determines the first time-frequency resource (i.e., the position indicated by Msg1#1) for sending Msg1. Similarly, other terminal devices can also determine the time-frequency resource for Msg1. For example, the first terminal device determines the second time-frequency resource (i.e., the position indicated by Msg1#3) for sending Msg1. It should be understood that after the first terminal device sends Msg1, it can receive a response message (i.e., Msg2) of Msg1. The first terminal device can also determine the time-frequency resource (i.e., the position indicated by Msg3#1) for sending Msg3. The second terminal device can also determine the time-frequency resource (i.e., the position indicated by Msg3#3) for sending Msg3.

[0178] In addition, if the first terminal device receives the first message in the first time unit, the current value of the counter of the first terminal device is not 0, then the first terminal device receives the second message subsequently. The first terminal device receives the second message once, then the value of the counter is reduced by 1, until the value of the counter is 0, the first terminal device sends the Msg1. At this time, the first terminal device determines the time-frequency resource for sending the random access message according to the received first message and the last received second message. For example, the first terminal device determines the third time-frequency resource (i.e. the position indicated by Msg1#2) for sending the Msg1. Similarly, the second terminal device can also determine the time-frequency resource (i.e. the position indicated by Msg1#4) for sending the Msg1. The first terminal device can also determine the time-frequency resource (i.e. the position indicated by Msg3#2) for sending the Msg3. The second terminal device can also determine the time-frequency resource (i.e. the position indicated by Msg3#4) for sending the Msg3.

[0179] For another example, please refer to Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the FDMA resource allocation provided by the embodiment of the present application. Figure 10 Different from Figure 9 , the difference is that Figure 10 Taking the mapping of n in the order of frequency domain first and then time domain as an example.

[0180] The Msg1 resources associated with the first time unit and the second time unit can be mapped in the order of increasing index in the order of frequency domain first and then time domain. For example, Msg1#1, Msg1#2, Msg1#3 and Msg1#4, taking 2 access opportunities in the frequency domain as an example, the 4 Msg1 resources are sorted according to a certain rule, and the sorted result is: Msg1#1 occupies the first Msg1 position in the time domain and the first Msg1 position in the frequency domain; Msg1#2 occupies the first Msg1 position in the time domain and the second Msg1 position in the frequency domain; Msg1#3 occupies the second Msg1 position in the time domain and the first Msg position in the frequency domain; Msg1#4 occupies the second Msg1 position in the time domain and the second Msg1 position in the frequency domain.

[0181] The network device sends the first parameter Q through the first message. The first terminal device receives the first parameter, and generates the number n according to Q. It is assumed that the number n belongs to the second value set, the first terminal device determines the first frequency domain resource as the frequency domain resource #1, and the first terminal device determines the first time unit as 2 Q3For example, the first terminal device determines a first time-frequency resource for transmitting Msg 1 (i.e., the location indicated by Msg 1#1). Similarly, the other terminal devices can also determine the time-frequency resource for Msg 1. For example, the first terminal device determines a second time-frequency resource for transmitting Msg 1 (i.e., the location indicated by Msg 1#2). It should be understood that after the first terminal device transmits Msg 1, the first terminal device can receive a response message (i.e., Msg 2) to Msg 1. The first terminal device can also determine a time-frequency resource for transmitting Msg 3 (i.e., the location indicated by Msg 3#1). The second terminal device can also determine a time-frequency resource for transmitting Msg 3 (i.e., the location indicated by Msg 3#2).

[0182] In addition, if the first terminal device receives the first message in the first time unit and the current value of the counter of the first terminal device is not 0, the first terminal device subsequently receives the second message. The first terminal device receives the second message once, and then the value of the counter is reduced by 1, until the counter is 0, and the first terminal device transmits Msg 1. At this time, the first terminal device determines the time-frequency resource for transmitting the random access message according to the received first message and the last received second message. For example, the first terminal device determines a third time-frequency resource for transmitting Msg 1 (i.e., the location indicated by Msg 1#3). Similarly, the second terminal device can also determine the time-frequency resource for transmitting Msg 1 (i.e., the location indicated by Msg 1#4). The first terminal device can also determine a time-frequency resource for transmitting Msg 3 (i.e., the location indicated by Msg 3#3). The second terminal device can also determine a time-frequency resource for transmitting Msg 3 (i.e., the location indicated by Msg 3#4).

[0183] S703, the first terminal device transmits the random access message in the first time-frequency resource.

[0184] After the first terminal device determines the first time-frequency resource, the first terminal device can transmit the random access message in the first time-frequency resource. In the embodiments of the present application, different terminal devices can use different frequency domain resources to perform access in the same time unit, so that the access efficiency can be improved.

[0185] For example, please continue to refer to Figure 8The first terminal device determines the first time-frequency resource as the location indicated by Msg1#1 and sends Msg1 on the first time-frequency resource. After sending Msg1, the first terminal device can receive a response message (Msg2) to Msg1. The first terminal device determines the time-frequency resource (the location indicated by Msg3#1) for sending Msg3 based on the configuration information carried in Msg2, and sends Msg3 on that time-frequency resource. Similarly, the second terminal device determines the second time-frequency resource (the location indicated by Msg1#2) and sends Msg1 on that second time-frequency resource. The second terminal device determines the time-frequency resource (the location indicated by Msg3#2) for sending Msg3 based on the configuration information carried in Msg2, and sends Msg3 on that time-frequency resource.

[0186] Each time the first terminal device receives the second message, it decrements the value of the counter by one until the counter value is 0, at which point it sends Msg1.

[0187] For example, please continue to see Figure 9 The first terminal device determines a first time-frequency resource (i.e., the location indicated by Msg1#1) and sends Msg1 on that resource. After sending Msg1, the first terminal device can receive a response message (i.e., Msg2) to Msg1. Based on the configuration information carried in Msg2, the first terminal device determines a time-frequency resource (i.e., the location indicated by Msg3#1) for sending Msg3 and sends Msg3 on that resource. Similarly, the second terminal device determines a second time-frequency resource (i.e., the location indicated by Msg1#2) and sends Msg1 on that resource. Based on the configuration information carried in Msg2, the second terminal device determines a time-frequency resource (i.e., the location indicated by Msg3#2) for sending Msg3 and sends Msg3 on that resource.

[0188] Where the second set of values ​​is [0, 2] Q -1], the third set of values ​​is [2] Q ,2 Q+1 -1], each time the first terminal device receives the second message, it increments the counter value by 2. Q After taking the modulo, decrement by one until the counter value reaches 0, then send Msg1. When the second value set is [0, 2...] Q+1 Even numbers in [-1], the third set of values ​​is [0, 2]. Q+1 For odd numbers in [-1], each time the first terminal device receives the second message, it increments the counter value by 2. Q After taking the modulo, subtract 2 until the counter value is 0, then send Msg1.

[0189] For example, please continue to see Figure 10The first terminal device determines a first time-frequency resource (i.e., a location indicated by Msg1#1) and transmits Msg1 on the first time-frequency resource. After the first terminal device transmits Msg1, the first terminal device can receive a response message (i.e., Msg2) to Msg1. The first terminal device determines a time-frequency resource (i.e., a location indicated by Msg3#1) for transmitting Msg3 according to configuration information carried in Msg2 and transmits Msg3 on the time-frequency resource.

[0190] When the second value set is [0, 2 Q -1] and the third value set is [2 Q , 2 Q+1 -1], the first terminal device decrements 1 from the value of the counter modulo 2 Q after receiving the second message each time until the value of the counter is 0, and then transmits Msg1. When the second value set is [0, 2 Q+1 -1] and the third value set is [0, 2 Q+1 -1], the first terminal device decrements 2 from the value of the counter modulo 2 Q after receiving the second message each time until the value of the counter is 0, and then transmits Msg1.

[0191] According to the scheme provided in the embodiments of the present application, multiple AIoT devices can perform access through the FDMA manner in the same time unit, thereby improving the access efficiency. In addition, the AIoT devices can also select appropriate resources to perform access according to the access load of the resources, so as to improve the access success rate as much as possible.

[0192] The above embodiments provided by the present application are introduced by taking the first terminal device and the network device as an example. In the present application, each embodiment can be independently implemented or implemented based on certain internal relationship; different implementation manners in each embodiment can be combined or independently implemented. In order to realize the functions in the above method provided by the embodiments of the present application, the steps performed by the first terminal device can be realized by the terminal device itself or by a functional entity (such as a terminal device) including the first terminal device. The steps performed by the network device can be realized by the network device itself or by a functional entity (such as a network device) including the network device. In order to realize the functions in the above method provided by the embodiments of the present application, the first terminal device and the network device can include hardware structures and / or software modules, and the above functions are realized in the form of hardware structures, software modules, or hardware structures plus software modules. Whether a certain function in the above functions is executed in the form of hardware structure, software module, or hardware structure plus software module depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical scheme.

[0193] Based on the same concept as the method embodiments, the embodiments of the present application provide a communication device. The communication device used to implement the above method in the embodiments of the present application is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The above content can be used in subsequent embodiments, and repeated content will not be described again.

[0194] Figure 11 A schematic block diagram of the communication device 1100 provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown. The communication device 1100 can correspond to the functions or steps implemented by the first terminal device in the above various method embodiments. For example, the communication device 1100 can be an AIoT device in Figure 1 or Figure 2 ; or the communication device 1100 is a chip (system) in the AIoT device; or the communication device 1100 is a software module of the AIoT device. Alternatively, the communication device 1100 can correspond to the functions or steps implemented by the network device in the above various method embodiments. For example, the communication device 1100 can be a network device in Figure 1 or Figure 2 ; or the communication device 1100 is a chip (system) in the network device; or the communication device 1100 is a software module of the network device. Optionally, the network device has part or all of the functions of the reader.

[0195] The communication device 1100 can include a processing module 1110 and a transceiver module 1120. Optionally, it can also include a storage module, which can be used to store instructions (codes or programs) and / or data. The storage module can be, for example, a memory. The processing module 1110 and the transceiver module 1120 can be coupled with the storage module. For example, the processing module 1110 can read the instructions (codes or programs) and / or data in the storage module to implement the corresponding method. For example, when the communication device 1100 is a chip in the AIoT device, the storage module can be a storage module in the chip, such as a register, a cache, etc. For example, the storage module can also be a storage module in the AIoT device located outside the chip, such as a read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM), etc. The above various units can be independently arranged, or partially or wholly integrated.

[0196] The processing module 1110 can be a processor or a controller, for example, can be a general central processing unit (CPU), a general processor, a digital signal processing (DSP), an application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components or any combination thereof. It can implement or execute various exemplary logical blocks, modules and circuits described in combination with the disclosure. The processor can also be a combination of computing functions, such as including one or more microprocessor combinations, combinations of DSP and microprocessor, etc. The transceiver module 1120 is a transceiver, interface circuit, bus, pin or other possible communication interface for receiving signals from other devices. For example, when the device is implemented in the form of a chip, the transceiver module 1120 is an interface circuit of the chip for receiving signals from other chips or devices, or is an interface circuit of the chip for transmitting signals to other chips or devices.

[0197] In an implementation manner, the communication device 1100 can correspondingly implement the behaviors and functions of the first terminal device in the above method embodiments. The communication device 1100 can be an AIoT device, can be a component (such as a chip or circuit) in the AIoT device, can be a part of a chip or chip set in the AIoT device for executing related method functions, or can be a software module in the first terminal device capable of implementing the above communication method, without limitation. For details, reference can be made to the related content of the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be described here.

[0198] For example, the transceiver module 1120 is configured to receive K first parameters and M second parameters, wherein the first parameter is used to indicate N time units between two consecutive first messages, the first message is used to trigger the communication device 1100 to access the network, N is a positive integer, K is a positive integer, and M is the number of frequency domain resources associated with a first time unit in the N time units. The second parameter is used to indicate one of the M frequency domain resources, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The M frequency domain resources correspond to the M second parameters one by one, and one first parameter corresponds to one or more second parameters. The processing module 1110 is configured to determine a first time-frequency resource according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters. The transceiver module 1120 is further configured to send a random access message on the first time-frequency resource. The time domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is the first time unit, and the frequency domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is a first frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources.

[0199] As an optional implementation, the processing module 1110 is specifically configured to select one second parameter from the M second parameters according to a third parameter, and determine the frequency domain resource corresponding to the selected second parameter as the first frequency domain resource. The third parameter is greater than or equal to 0, and the third parameter is less than or equal to 1.

[0200] As an optional implementation, the processing module 1110 is further configured to determine the first time unit according to the first parameter corresponding to the selected second parameter.

[0201] As an optional implementation, the processing module 1110 is specifically configured to select one second parameter from the M second parameters according to a third parameter, and select one first parameter from the K first parameters according to the third parameter, and determine the time-frequency resource corresponding to the selected second parameter and the first parameter as the first time-frequency resource. The third parameter is greater than or equal to 0, and the third parameter is less than or equal to 1.

[0202] As an optional implementation, the third parameter belongs to a candidate value set, and the candidate value set includes at least one value, and the sum of the at least one value is equal to 1.

[0203] As an optional implementation, the first message further includes the third parameter or the candidate value set.

[0204] As an optional implementation, K = 1, and the processing module 1110 is specifically configured to generate a number n according to the first parameter, and determine the first frequency domain resource according to n. The number n belongs to a first value set, and the first value set includes a second value set and a third value set. The frequency domain resource corresponding to the second value set is different from the frequency domain resource corresponding to the third value set. When the number n belongs to the second value set, the first frequency domain resource belongs to the frequency domain resource corresponding to the second value set; when the number n belongs to the third value set, the first frequency domain resource belongs to the frequency domain resource corresponding to the third value set.

[0205] As an optional implementation, the second value set is [0, 2 Q -1], the third value set is [2 Q , 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is the first parameter; or, the second value set is an even number in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], the third value set is an odd number in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is the first parameter.

[0206] In an implementation, the communication apparatus 1100 can correspond to implement the behavior and functions of the network device in the above method embodiments. The communication apparatus 1100 can be a network device, or a component (e.g., a chip or a circuit) in the network device, or a part in the chip or the chip set for performing the functions of the related method, or a software module in the network device for implementing the above communication method, which is not limited. Optionally, the network device has part or all of the functions of the reader. For details, refer to the related content in the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0207] For example, the transceiver module 1120 is configured to send K first parameters and M second parameters, and receive a random access message in a first time-frequency resource. The first parameter is used to indicate N time units between two consecutive first messages, the first message is used to trigger the first terminal device to access the network, N is a positive integer, and K is a positive integer. A first time unit in the N time units is associated with M frequency domain resources, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The second parameter is used to indicate a frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources. The M frequency domain resources correspond to the M second parameters one by one, and one first parameter corresponds to one or more second parameters. The time domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is the first time unit, and the frequency domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is a first frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources. The processing module 1110 is configured to determine the K first parameters and the M second parameters.

[0208] As an optional implementation, the K first parameters and the M second parameters are included in the first message.

[0209] As an optional implementation, the transceiver module 1120 is further configured to send a second message, and the second message includes L second parameters, and L is less than or equal to M.

[0210] In an implementation, the M frequency domain resources correspond to M third parameters one by one. The third parameter is greater than or equal to 0, and the third parameter is less than or equal to 1.

[0211] As an optional implementation, the first parameter corresponding to the first time unit corresponds to the second parameter corresponding to the first frequency domain resource.

[0212] As an optional implementation, the third parameter belongs to a candidate value set, and the candidate value set includes at least one value, and the sum of the at least one value is equal to 1.

[0213] As an optional implementation, the first message further includes the third parameter or the candidate value set.

[0214] When the communication apparatus 1100 is a chip type apparatus or circuit, the transceiver module can be an input / output circuit and / or a communication interface; the processing module is an integrated processor or microprocessor or integrated circuit.

[0215] Figure 12 A schematic block diagram of a communication apparatus 1200 is provided in the embodiments of the present application. The communication apparatus 1200 can be the first terminal apparatus or the network apparatus in the above-described embodiments. For example, the communication apparatus 1200 can be an AIoT device or a chip (system) in the AIoT device in Figure 1 or Figure 2 . For another example, the communication apparatus 1200 can be a network device or a chip (system) in the network device in Figure 1 or Figure 2 . In the embodiments of the present application, the chip system can be composed of a chip, or can contain a chip and other discrete devices. The specific functions can be referred to the description in the method embodiments. The specific functions can be referred to the description in the method embodiments.

[0216] The communication apparatus 1200 includes one or more processors 1201 for implementing or for supporting implementation of the functions of the first terminal apparatus or the network apparatus in the methods provided by the embodiments of the present application. For specific descriptions, refer to the detailed description in the method examples, which will not be repeated here. The processor 1201 can also be referred to as a processing unit or a processing module, and can implement certain control functions. The processor 1201 can be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor, etc. For example, including: a baseband processor, a central processing unit, an application processor, a modem processor, a graphics processor, an image signal processor, a digital signal processor, a video coding and decoding processor, a controller, a memory, and / or a neural network processor, etc. The baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data. The central processing unit can be used to control the communication apparatus 1200 (such as a terminal device or a network device), execute software programs and / or process data. Different processors can be independent devices, or can be integrated into one or more processors, for example, integrated into one or more application specific integrated circuits.

[0217] In one design, the processor 1201 can include a program 1203 (which can also be referred to as code or instructions at times) that can be run on the processor 1201, so that the communication apparatus 1200 performs the methods described in the following embodiments. In another possible design, the communication apparatus 1200 includes a circuit (not shown) for implementing the functions of the first terminal apparatus or the network apparatus in the above-described embodiments. Figure 12

[0218] ​In an example, one or more memories 1202 can be included in the communication device 1200, on which programs 1204 (which can also be referred to as code or instructions) are stored, and the programs 1204 can be run on the processor 1201, so that the communication device 1200 performs the methods described in the above method embodiments.

[0219] In an example, an AI module 1207 can be included in the processor 1201 and / or the memory 1202, and the AI module 1207 is configured to implement AI-related functions. The AI module can be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware. For example, the AI module can include a RIC module. For example, the AI module can be a near-real-time RIC or a non-real-time RIC.

[0220] In an example, the processor 1201 and / or the memory 1202 can also store data. The processor and the memory can be separately arranged, or integrated together.

[0221] In an example, the communication device 1200 can also include a transceiver 1205 and / or an antenna 1206. The processor 1201 can also be referred to as a processing unit, and is configured to control the communication device 1200. The transceiver 1205 can also be referred to as a transceiving unit, a transceiver, a transceiving circuit, or a transceiver, and is configured to implement the transceiving function of the communication device 1200 through the antenna 1206.

[0222] In an example, the communication device 1200 can also include one or more of the following components: a wireless communication module, an audio module, an external memory interface, an internal memory, a universal serial bus (USB) interface, a power management module, an antenna, a speaker, a microphone, an input / output module, a sensor module, a motor, a camera, or a display screen, etc. It can be understood that, in some embodiments, the communication device 1200 can include more or fewer components, or some components can be integrated, or some components can be split. These components can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0223] The communication device in the above embodiments can be a first terminal device or a network device, can be a circuit, and can be a chip or other combination device, component, etc. having the first terminal device or the network device. When the communication device is a terminal device, the transceiver module can be a transceiver and can include an antenna and a radio frequency circuit, etc., and the processing module can be a processor, such as a CPU. When the communication device is a chip system, the communication device can be an FPGA, can be an ASIC, can be a SoC, can be a CPU, can be a network processor (NP), can be a DSP, can be a micro controller unit (MCU), can be a programmable logic device (PLD), or can be another integrated chip. The processing module can be a processor of the chip system. The transceiver module or the communication interface can be an input / output interface or an interface circuit of the chip system. For example, the interface circuit can be a code / data read / write interface circuit. The interface circuit can be used to receive code instructions (the code instructions are stored in a memory and can be directly read from the memory or can be read from the memory through another device) and transmit the code instructions to the processor; the processor can be used to run the code instructions to perform the method in the above method embodiments. For another example, the interface circuit can also be a signal transmission interface circuit between a communication processor and a transceiver.

[0224] The embodiments of the present application further provide a communication system, including at least one terminal device and at least one network device, the terminal device is a terminal device for implementing the functions related to the above communication method, and the network device is a network device for implementing the functions related to the above communication method.

[0225] The embodiments of the present application further provide a computer readable storage medium including instructions, when the instructions are executed on a computer, the method executed by the first terminal device or the network device in the above communication method is executed.

[0226] The embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program product including computer program code, when the computer program code is executed, the method executed by the first terminal device or the network device in the above communication method is executed.

[0227] The embodiments of the present application provide a chip system including a processor and can further include a memory, for implementing the functions of the first terminal device or the network device in the above communication method. The chip system can be composed of a chip or can include a chip and other discrete devices.

[0228] To implement the above Figures 11-12The embodiments of the present application also provide a chip for supporting the communication device to implement the functions of the first terminal device or the network device involved in the above-mentioned method embodiments. In a possible design, the chip is connected with a memory or the chip includes a memory, and the memory is configured to store computer programs or instructions and data necessary for the communication device.

[0229] It should be understood that the size of the sequence number of each process described above in various embodiments of the present application does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined according to its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0230] Those skilled in the art can realize that the various illustrative logical blocks and steps described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether the functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solutions. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0231] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-mentioned system, device and unit can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0232] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, device and method can be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-mentioned device embodiments are only schematic, for example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and actual implementation can have another division manner, for example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the units shown or discussed can be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0233] The units described as separate components can or can not be physically separate, and the components shown as units can or can not be physical units, i.e. they can be located in one place, or can be distributed on a plurality of network units. Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiments of the present application.

[0234] If the functions are implemented in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the part of the technical solutions of the present application that essentially contributes or the part of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

[0235] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method comprises: receiving K first parameters and M second parameters; wherein the first parameter is used to indicate N time units between two consecutive first messages, the first message is used to trigger a first terminal device to access a network, N is a positive integer, K is a positive integer; M is the number of frequency domain resources associated with a first time unit in the N time units, the second parameter is used to indicate one frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources, M is an integer greater than or equal to 2, the M frequency domain resources correspond to the M second parameters one by one, and one first parameter corresponds to one or more second parameters; determining a first time-frequency resource according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters, the time domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is the first time unit, and the frequency domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is a first frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources; sending a random access message on the first time-frequency resource.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, Determining a first time-frequency resource according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters comprises: selecting a second parameter from the M second parameters according to a third parameter, the third parameter is greater than or equal to 0, and the third parameter is less than or equal to 1; determining the frequency domain resource corresponding to the selected second parameter as the first frequency domain resource.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, Determining a first time-frequency resource according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters further comprises: determining the first time unit according to the first parameter corresponding to the selected second parameter.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, Determining a first time-frequency resource according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters comprises: selecting a second parameter from the M second parameters according to a third parameter, and selecting a first parameter from the K first parameters according to the third parameter, the third parameter is greater than or equal to 0, and the third parameter is less than or equal to 1; determining the time-frequency resource corresponding to the selected second parameter and the first parameter as the first time-frequency resource.

5. The method of any one of claims 2-4, wherein, The third parameter belongs to a candidate value set, and the candidate value set includes at least one value, and the sum of the at least one value is equal to 1.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, The first message further comprises the third parameter or the candidate value set.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, K=1, determining a first time-frequency resource according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters comprises: generating a number n according to the first parameter, the number n belongs to a first value set, the first value set includes a second value set and a third value set; determining the first frequency domain resource according to the number n, wherein when the number n belongs to the second value set, the first frequency domain resource belongs to the frequency domain resource corresponding to the second value set; when the number n belongs to the third value set, the first frequency domain resource belongs to the frequency domain resource corresponding to the third value set, and the frequency domain resource corresponding to the second value set and the frequency domain resource corresponding to the third value set are different.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein The second value set is [0, 2 Q -1], the third value set is [2 Q , 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is the first parameter; or, The second value set is even number in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], the third value set is odd number in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is the first parameter.

9. A communication method characterized by comprising: comprises: transmitting K first parameters and M second parameters; wherein the first parameter indicates N time units between two first messages in succession, the first message being used to trigger a first terminal device to access a network, N being a positive integer, K being a positive integer; a first time unit in the N time units is associated with M frequency domain resources, the second parameter being used to indicate one frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources, the M frequency domain resources corresponding to the M second parameters in one-to-one manner, one first parameter corresponding to one or more second parameters, M being an integer greater than or equal to 2; receiving a random access message in the first time-frequency resource, a time domain resource of the first time-frequency resource being the first time unit, and a frequency domain resource of the first time-frequency resource being a first frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, The M frequency domain resources correspond to M third parameters in one-to-one manner, the third parameter being greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein, The first parameter corresponding to the first time unit corresponds to the second parameter corresponding to the first frequency domain resource.

12. The method of claim 10 or 11, wherein, The third parameter belongs to a candidate value set, the candidate value set including at least one value, and a sum of the at least one value being equal to 1.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein, The first message further includes the third parameter or the candidate value set.

14. A communications device, characterized by The apparatus includes a module for performing the method of any one of claims 1-8, or a module for performing the method of any one of claims 9-13.

15. A communications device, characterized by The communication device includes at least one processor configured to cause the method of any one of claims 1-8 to be performed by the communication device, or the at least one processor is configured to cause the communication device to perform the method of any one of claims 9-13.

16. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium is used to store a computer program, when the computer program is run on a computer, causing the method of any one of claims 1-8 to be performed, or causing the method of any one of claims 9-13 to be performed.

17. A computer program product, characterised in that, The computer program product includes a computer program, when the computer program is run on a computer, causing the method of any one of claims 1-8 to be performed, or causing the method of any one of claims 9-13 to be performed.

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