Display device and electronic device

Abstract

The invention relates to a display device and an electronic device. The display device includes: a first substrate; a second substrate opposite to the first substrate; a light emitting element layer on the first substrate and including at least one light emitting element; an encapsulation layer on the light emitting element layer and including at least one inorganic encapsulation layer and at least one organic encapsulation layer; a functional layer on the encapsulation layer and including at least one of quantum dots and scattering particles; a color filter layer on a surface of the second substrate facing the first substrate; a lens layer on a surface of the color filter layer facing the functional layer and corresponding to at least one light emitting element; and a low refractive layer between the color filter layer and the lens layer on the second substrate and the functional layer on the first substrate.

Description

[0001] Cross Reference to Related Applications

[0002] This application claims priority to and the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2024-0130210, filed on September 25, 2024, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] One or more embodiments of the disclosure relate to display devices and electronic devices. BACKGROUND

[0004] Due to the rapid development of the field of display devices, i.e., devices for visually expressing various electrical signal information, specific display devices having superior characteristics such as small thickness, small weight, and / or low power consumption have been introduced.

[0005] Such display devices can include liquid crystal display (LCD) devices that rely on an external light source, such as a backlight unit, to produce visible images. These devices do not produce light on their own, but rather modulate light that passes through them to generate the desired visual output. In contrast, light-emitting display devices, such as organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display devices, contain light-emitting elements that independently produce light. These elements include an emissive layer that produces light.

[0006] The above information disclosed in this Background section is intended to provide an overview of the background of the present disclosure and may contain information that is not prior art. SUMMARY

[0007] Aspects of one or more embodiments of the disclosure relate to display devices having enhanced (e.g., improved) light efficiency. However, embodiments are examples and do not limit the scope of the disclosure.

[0008] Additional aspects will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or can be learned by practice of the presented embodiments of the disclosure.

[0009] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, a display device includes: a first substrate; a second substrate opposite to the first substrate; a light-emitting element layer disposed on the first substrate and including at least one light-emitting element; an encapsulation layer disposed on the light-emitting element layer and including at least one inorganic encapsulation layer and at least one organic encapsulation layer; a functional layer disposed on the encapsulation layer and including at least one of quantum dots and scattering particles; a color filter layer disposed on a surface of the second substrate facing the first substrate (e.g., opposite to the first substrate); a lens layer disposed on a surface of the color filter layer facing the functional layer (e.g., opposite to the functional layer) and corresponding to at least one light-emitting element; and a low-refractive-index layer disposed on the second substrate between the color filter layer and the lens layer and the functional layer on the first substrate. For example, a "low-refractive-index layer" is positioned between the color filter layer and the lens layer on one side of the second substrate and the functional layer on the other side of the first substrate. For example, this means that the low-refractive-index layer sandwiched between these two sides helps to manage light refraction and improve the visual quality of the display device.

[0010] In one or more embodiments, the low-refractive layer may be in direct contact with the lens layer, and the refractive index of the low-refractive layer may be less than that of the lens layer.

[0011] In one or more embodiments, the difference between the refractive index of the lens layer and the refractive index of the low-refractive layer can be in the range of about 0.2 to about 0.75.

[0012] In one or more embodiments, the lens layer may include a plurality of lenses, wherein each of the plurality of lenses may have a convex shape in a direction opposite to the direction in which light will be emitted from at least one light-emitting element.

[0013] In one or more embodiments, the surface of the lens layer that contacts the low-refractive layer may include a plurality of convex surfaces of a plurality of lenses and a flat surface between the plurality of convex surfaces.

[0014] In one or more embodiments, six of the multiple lenses may be arranged at equal intervals around another lens in a plan view. For example, this means that in a top-down view, one lens is surrounded by six other lenses that are each equidistant from each other, forming a symmetrical pattern.

[0015] In one or more embodiments, the spacing between two adjacent lenses among a plurality of lenses may be in the range of about 2 μm to about 3 μm.

[0016] In one or more embodiments, the diameter of each of the plurality of lenses may be in the range of about 3 μm to about 4 μm.

[0017] In one or more embodiments, the plurality of lenses may include a first lens positioned at the center of at least one light-emitting element in a plan view and a second lens positioned at the periphery of at least one light-emitting element in a plan view.

[0018] In one or more embodiments, the curvature of the convex surface of the second lens may be less than the curvature of the convex surface of the first lens.

[0019] In one or more embodiments, the encapsulation layer may include a first inorganic encapsulation layer, an organic encapsulation layer, and a second inorganic encapsulation layer arranged in sequence, and the functional layer may be in direct contact with the second inorganic encapsulation layer.

[0020] In one or more embodiments, the light-emitting element layer may include a first light-emitting element, a second light-emitting element, and a third light-emitting element, and the functional layer may include a first quantum dot layer corresponding to the first light-emitting element, a second quantum dot layer corresponding to the second light-emitting element, and a light-transmitting layer corresponding to the third light-emitting element.

[0021] In one or more embodiments, the color filter layer may include a first color filter corresponding to a first light-emitting element, a second color filter corresponding to a second light-emitting element, and a third color filter corresponding to a third light-emitting element, and at least two color filters selected from the first, second, and third color filters may overlap each other to define a light-blocking portion.

[0022] In one or more embodiments, the lens layer may include a first lens layer corresponding to a first light-emitting element, a second lens layer corresponding to a second light-emitting element, and a third lens layer corresponding to a third light-emitting element, and the first lens layer, the second lens layer, and the third lens layer may not overlap with the light-blocking portion of the color filter layer.

[0023] In one or more embodiments, the display device may further include spacers disposed on the surface of the color filter layer facing the functional layer (e.g., opposite to the functional layer), wherein the spacers may be made of the same material as the lens layer.

[0024] In one or more embodiments, the display device may further include filler disposed between the low-refractive layer and the functional layer.

[0025] In one or more embodiments, the display device may further include: a first passivation layer disposed between the functional layer and the filler; and a second passivation layer disposed between the low-refractive layer and the filler.

[0026] In one or more embodiments, the low-refractive layer may be an air layer that defines an air gap between the lens layer and the functional layer.

[0027] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, a display device includes: a first substrate; a second substrate opposite to the first substrate; a light-emitting element layer disposed on the first substrate and including at least one light-emitting element; an encapsulation layer disposed on the light-emitting element layer and including at least one inorganic encapsulation layer and at least one organic encapsulation layer; a functional layer disposed on the encapsulation layer and including at least one of quantum dots and scattering particles; a color filter layer disposed on a surface of the second substrate facing the first substrate (e.g., opposite to the first substrate); and a lens layer disposed on a surface of the color filter layer facing the functional layer (e.g., opposite to the functional layer) and corresponding to at least one light-emitting element, wherein the lens layer is spaced apart from and / or separated from the functional layer (e.g., spaced apart or separated) and an air gap is between the lens layer and the functional layer.

[0028] In one or more embodiments, the lens layer may include a plurality of lenses, wherein each of the plurality of lenses may have a convex shape in a direction opposite to the direction in which light will be emitted from at least one light-emitting element.

[0029] In one or more embodiments, the surface of the lens layer that contacts the air gap may include a plurality of convex surfaces of the lenses and a flat surface between the convex surfaces.

[0030] In one or more embodiments, the plurality of lenses may include a first lens positioned at the center of at least one light-emitting element in a plan view and a second lens positioned at the periphery of at least one light-emitting element in a plan view.

[0031] In one or more embodiments, the curvature of the convex surface of the second lens may be less than the curvature of the convex surface of the first lens.

[0032] In one or more embodiments, the display device may further include spacers disposed on the surface of the color filter layer facing the functional layer (e.g., opposite to the functional layer), wherein the spacers may be made of the same material as the lens layer.

[0033] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, an electronic device includes: a display device, comprising: a first substrate; a second substrate opposite to the first substrate; a light-emitting element layer disposed on the first substrate and including at least one light-emitting element; an encapsulation layer disposed on the light-emitting element layer and including at least one inorganic encapsulation layer and at least one organic encapsulation layer; a functional layer disposed on the encapsulation layer and including at least one of quantum dots and scattering particles; a color filter layer disposed on a surface of the second substrate facing the first substrate (e.g., opposite to the first substrate); a lens layer disposed on a surface of the color filter layer facing the functional layer (e.g., opposite to the functional layer) and corresponding to at least one light-emitting element; and a low-refractive-index layer disposed between the color filter layer and the lens layer on the second substrate and the functional layer on the first substrate.

[0034] In one or more embodiments, the electronic device may be a television set, a billboard, a movie theater screen, a monitor, a tablet PC, or a laptop computer.

[0035] In one or more embodiments, the electronic device may further include: a display module; a processor; a power module; and a memory, wherein the display device may include one of the display module, the processor, the power module, and the memory. Attached Figure Description

[0036] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of this disclosure, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to illustrate the principles of the disclosure. In the drawings:

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic perspective view of a display device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sub-pixel of a display device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0039] Figure 3 This illustrates one or more embodiments according to the present disclosure. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the optical layer of the functional layer;

[0040] Figure 4 This is an equivalent circuit diagram of a light-emitting element in a display device and a sub-pixel circuit electrically connected to the light-emitting element, according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0041] Figure 5 It is according to one or more embodiments of this disclosure along Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the display device taken by line A-A';

[0042] Figure 6 This is an illustrative representation of one or more embodiments according to the present disclosure. Figure 5 Enlarged cross-sectional view of region X;

[0043] Figure 7 It is a graph showing the refractive index of a lens layer and a low-refractive layer included in a display device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0044] Figure 8 This is a schematic plan view illustrating a lens layer included in a display device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0045] Figure 9 This is an illustrative representation of one or more embodiments according to the present disclosure.Figure 5 Enlarged cross-sectional view of region X;

[0046] Figure 10 It is according to one or more embodiments of this disclosure along Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the display device taken by line A-A';

[0047] Figure 11 It is according to one or more embodiments of this disclosure along Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the display device taken by line A-A';

[0048] Figure 12 It is according to one or more embodiments of this disclosure along Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the display device taken by line A-A';

[0049] Figure 13 This is an illustrative representation of one or more embodiments according to the present disclosure. Figure 12 Enlarged cross-sectional view of region X';

[0050] Figure 14 This is an illustrative representation of one or more embodiments according to the present disclosure. Figure 12 Enlarged cross-sectional view of region X';

[0051] Figure 15 It is according to one or more embodiments of this disclosure along Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the display device taken by line A-A';

[0052] Figure 16 This is a block diagram of an electronic device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure; and

[0053] Figure 17 These are schematic diagrams of electronic devices according to various embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0054] This disclosure can be modified in many alternative forms, and therefore specific embodiments will be illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described in more detail. However, it should be understood that this is not intended to limit this disclosure to the specific forms disclosed, but rather to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of this disclosure.

[0055] In the following description, exemplary embodiments will be presented in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure may be implemented in a variety of different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments shown herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided as examples so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey to those skilled in the art the aspects and features of this disclosure. Therefore, processes, elements, and techniques that are not essential for a full understanding of the aspects and features of this disclosure may not be described.

[0056] Unless otherwise stated, the same reference numerals denote the same elements throughout the drawings and written description, and therefore, their repeated descriptions need not be provided.

[0057] It will be understood that although the terms “first,” “second,” “third,” etc., may be used herein to describe various elements, components, areas, layers, and / or segments, these elements, components, areas, layers, and / or segments should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used to distinguish one element, component, area, layer, or segment from another element, component, area, layer, or segment. Therefore, without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure, the first element, first component, first area, first layer, or first segment described below can be named a second element, second component, second area, second layer, or second segment.

[0058] Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as used herein.

[0059] It will be further understood that, when used in this specification, the terms “comprises,” “includes,” and “have,” “having,” indicate the presence of the stated features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. Furthermore, the terms “comprise(s) / comprising,” “include(s) / including,” “have / has / having,” or similar terms include or support the terms “composed of,” and “substantially composed of,” which indicate the presence of the stated features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, and / or components and the absence or substantial absence of other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0060] It will be understood that when an element (such as a region, layer, film, area, or portion) is referred to as being "on" or "connected to" another element (such as a region, layer, film, area, or portion), the element may be directly on or directly connected to the other element, or one or more intermediary elements may be present. Conversely, when an element or layer is referred to as being "directly on," "directly connected to," or "adjacent to" another element or layer, no intermediary element or layer is present. Furthermore, it will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "between" two elements, the element may be the only element between the two elements, or one or more intermediary elements may be present.

[0061] In the accompanying drawings, the relative dimensions of elements, layers, and regions may be exaggerated or reduced for ease of illustration. For example, the dimensions and thicknesses of each element shown in the drawings may be arbitrarily represented for ease of description, and therefore, this disclosure is not necessarily limited thereto.

[0062] Where specific embodiments can be implemented differently, a particular process sequence may be performed in a different order than that described. For example, two processes described sequentially may be performed substantially concurrently (e.g., substantially simultaneously) or in reverse order.

[0063] In this specification, "A and / or B" means A or B or A and B. In this specification, "at least one of A and B" means A or B or A and B.

[0064] It will be understood that when a layer, area, or element is referred to as being "connected" to another layer, area, or element, the layer, area, or element may be "directly connected" to the other layer, area, or element, or may be "indirectly connected" to the other layer, area, or element, with the other layer, area, or element located between the two layers, areas, or elements. For example, it will be understood that when a layer, area, or element is referred to as being "electrically connected" to another layer, area, or element, the layer, area, or element may be "directly electrically connected" to the other layer, area, or element, or may be "indirectly electrically connected" to the other layer, area, or component, with the other layer, area, or element located between the two layers, areas, or elements.

[0065] The x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis are not limited to the three axes of a Cartesian coordinate system and can be interpreted in a broader sense. For example, the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis can be orthogonal to each other (e.g., perpendicular to each other) or can represent different orientations that are not orthogonal to each other (e.g., not perpendicular to each other).

[0066] For ease of explanation, spatial relative terms such as “above,” “below,” “under,” “below,” “above,” and “up” are used herein to describe the relationship of one element or feature to another element (or features) or feature (or features) as shown in the accompanying drawings. It will be understood that, in addition to the orientations depicted in the drawings, the spatial relative terms are intended to cover different orientations of the device in use or operation. For example, if the device in the drawings is flipped, an element described as “below” or “under” or “below” other elements or features will subsequently be oriented “above” said other elements or features. Thus, the example terms “below” and “below” can cover both above and below orientations. The device may be oriented in other ways (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.

[0067] As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Unless otherwise indicated in this disclosure, expressions such as “at least one of…”, “a plurality of…”, “one of…” and other prepositional phrases following / before a list of elements should be understood to include disjunctive terms if written as a conjunctive list, and vice versa. For example, expressions “at least one of a, b and c”, “choose one of the group consisting of a, b and c”, “selected from at least one of a, b and c”, “from at least one of a, b and c”, “from one of a, b and c”, “at least one of a to c” indicate only a, only b, only c, both a and b, both a and c, both b and c, all of a, b and c, or variations thereof.

[0068] As used in this article, the term “use (use, using, and used)” can be considered synonymous with the terms “utilize (utilizing, utilizing, and utilized)”, respectively.

[0069] In the context of this disclosure, and unless otherwise defined, a plan view is an orthographic projection of a three-dimensional object through the object from its position on a horizontal plane. That is, a plan view is a top-down view showing the layout and spatial relationships of various components within an object or structure. A plan view based on the z-axis direction refers to a top-down view of a display panel, as if looking directly down onto the surface from above. In this context, the z-axis direction is a direction perpendicular to or orthogonal to the plane defined by the x-axis and y-axis directions. This means that in a plan view, the arrangement of subpixels, pads, and other components as they are laid out on the substrate can be seen without any perspective distortion.

[0070] Figure 1 This is a schematic perspective view of a display device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0071] refer to Figure 1 The display device 1 may include a display area DA for displaying an image and a non-display area NDA for not displaying an image. The display device 1 can provide an image via an array of multiple sub-pixels arranged two-dimensionally in the display area DA on an xy-plane. The xy-plane refers to a plane defined by the x-axis and y-axis directions. The multiple sub-pixels can be used to emit light of different colors, and for example, each of the multiple sub-pixels can be one of a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel, and a blue sub-pixel.

[0072] In one or more embodiments, the plurality of sub-pixels may include a first sub-pixel PX1, a second sub-pixel PX2, and a third sub-pixel PX3. For ease of illustration, it is assumed that the first sub-pixel PX1 is a red sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel PX2 is a green sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel PX3 is a blue sub-pixel.

[0073] The first sub-pixel PX1, the second sub-pixel PX2, and the third sub-pixel PX3 are areas that can emit red light, green light, and blue light, respectively, and the display device 1 can use the light emitted from the multiple sub-pixels to provide an image.

[0074] The non-display area NDA is the area that does not provide an image and may be entirely surrounding the display area DA (e.g., around the display area DA). Drivers or main power lines configured to provide electrical signals or power to the sub-pixel circuitry may be arranged in the non-display area NDA. The non-display area NDA may include pads that can be electrically connected as areas for electronic devices or printed circuit boards.

[0075] The display area DA can have a polygonal planar shape, for example, such as Figure 1 The rectangular planar shape shown is illustrated. For example, the display area DA can have a rectangular planar shape with a horizontal length greater than its vertical length, a rectangular planar shape with a horizontal length less than its vertical length, or a square planar shape. In other embodiments, the display area DA can be a circular planar shape, an elliptical planar shape, or a polygonal planar shape such as a triangle or a pentagon. In one or more embodiments, Figure 1 The display device 1 shown is a flat display device, and the display device 1 can be implemented as a flexible, foldable or rollable display device.

[0076] In one or more embodiments, the display device 1 may be an organic light-emitting display device. In one or more embodiments, the display device 1 may be an inorganic light-emitting display device or a quantum dot light-emitting display device. For example, the emitting layer of the display element included in the display device 1 may include organic materials, inorganic materials, quantum dots, organic materials and quantum dots, inorganic materials and quantum dots, or organic materials, inorganic materials and quantum dots. For ease of explanation, it is assumed in the following description that the display device 1 is an organic light-emitting display device.

[0077] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sub-pixel of a display device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0078] refer to Figure 2 The display device 1 may include a light-emitting panel 1000 and a color filter panel 2000 that are spaced apart and / or separated from each other in the thickness direction (e.g., the z-direction). In one or more embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the filler 900 may be arranged between the light-emitting panel 1000 and the color filter panel 2000. However, this disclosure is not limited to this. In one or more embodiments, an air gap may be positioned between the light-emitting panel 1000 and the color filter panel 2000.

[0079] like Figure 2 As shown, the light-emitting panel 1000 of the display device 1 may include a first substrate 100, a circuit layer 200 on the first substrate 100, a light-emitting element layer 300 on the circuit layer 200, an encapsulation layer 400 on the light-emitting element layer 300, a functional layer 500 on the encapsulation layer 400, and a first passivation layer 810 on the functional layer 500.

[0080] The circuit layer 200 may include a first sub-pixel circuit PC1, a second sub-pixel circuit PC2, and a third sub-pixel circuit PC3, and each of the first sub-pixel circuit PC1, the second sub-pixel circuit PC2, and the third sub-pixel circuit PC3 may include a thin-film transistor and / or a capacitor. The first sub-pixel circuit PC1, the second sub-pixel circuit PC2, and the third sub-pixel circuit PC3 may be electrically connected to the first light-emitting element LED1, the second light-emitting element LED2, and the third light-emitting element LED3 of the light-emitting element layer 300, respectively.

[0081] The first light-emitting element LED1, the second light-emitting element LED2, and the third light-emitting element LED3 may each comprise an organic light-emitting diode containing organic materials. In one or more embodiments, the first light-emitting element LED1, the second light-emitting element LED2, and the third light-emitting element LED3 may be inorganic light-emitting diodes comprising inorganic materials. Inorganic light-emitting diodes may include PN junction diodes comprising inorganic semiconductor materials. When a voltage is applied to a PN junction diode in the forward direction, holes and electrons are injected into the PN junction diode, and the energy generated by the recombination of holes and electrons can be converted into light energy to emit light of a specific color. Inorganic light-emitting diodes may have a width of about a few micrometers to several hundred micrometers or a few nanometers to several hundred nanometers. In one or more embodiments, the first light-emitting element LED1, the second light-emitting element LED2, and the third light-emitting element LED3 may be light-emitting diodes comprising quantum dots. As described above, the emitting layer of the first light-emitting element LED1, the second light-emitting element LED2, and the third light-emitting element LED3 may include organic materials, inorganic materials, quantum dots, organic materials and quantum dots, inorganic materials and quantum dots, or organic materials, inorganic materials, and quantum dots.

[0082] The first light-emitting element LED1, the second light-emitting element LED2, and the third light-emitting element LED3 can be used to emit light of the same color. For example, light emitted from the first light-emitting element LED1, the second light-emitting element LED2, and the third light-emitting element LED3 (e.g., blue light Lb) can pass through the encapsulation layer 400 and the functional layer 500 on the light-emitting element layer 300. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto. In one or more embodiments, the first light-emitting element LED1, the second light-emitting element LED2, and the third light-emitting element LED3 can be used to emit light of different colors.

[0083] The functional layer 500 may include an optical layer that converts the color of light emitted from the light-emitting element layer 300 (e.g., blue light Lb) or transmits the color of light emitted from the light-emitting element layer 300 (e.g., blue light Lb) without conversion. For example, the functional layer 500 may include a quantum dot layer configured to convert light emitted from the light-emitting element layer 300 (e.g., blue light Lb) into different colors, and may include a light-transmitting layer configured to transmit light emitted from the light-emitting element layer 300 (e.g., blue light Lb) without color conversion. The functional layer 500 may include a first quantum dot layer 510 corresponding to a first sub-pixel PX1, a second quantum dot layer 520 corresponding to a second sub-pixel PX2, and a light-transmitting layer 530 corresponding to a third sub-pixel PX3. The first quantum dot layer 510 can convert blue light Lb into red light Lr, and the second quantum dot layer 520 can convert blue light Lb into green light Lg. The light-transmitting layer 530 can be used to transmit blue light Lb without conversion.

[0084] The functional layer 500 may be formed above the first substrate 100 instead of the second substrate 600. In such an embodiment, the functional layer 500 may be disposed on the encapsulation layer 400 to directly contact the encapsulation layer 400. Therefore, the distance between the first light-emitting element LED1, the second light-emitting element LED2, and the third light-emitting element LED3 and the functional layer 500 can be reduced, and light loss in the path can be minimized as much as possible, thereby improving luminous efficiency.

[0085] The color filter panel 2000 may include a second substrate 600 and a color filter layer 700 disposed on a surface of the second substrate 600 facing a first substrate 100 (e.g., opposite to the first substrate 100). In one or more embodiments, the color filter layer 700 may be arranged facing a functional layer 500 with a filler 900 between the color filter layer 700 and the functional layer 500. The color filter layer 700 may include a first color filter 710, a second color filter 720, and a third color filter 730 of different colors. In one or more embodiments, the first color filter 710 may be a red color filter, the second color filter 720 may be a green color filter, and the third color filter 730 may be a blue color filter.

[0086] The color purity of light converted and transmitted by the functional layer 500 can be improved by using the first color filter 710, the second color filter 720, and the third color filter 730. In one or more embodiments, the color filter layer 700 can prevent, minimize, or reduce the reflection of external light (e.g., light incident on the display device 1 from outside the display device 1) and its recognition by the user.

[0087] Filler 900 may be disposed between functional layer 500 and color filter layer 700. After the light-emitting panel 1000 and color filter panel 2000 are bonded together with a sealant, filler 900 may fill the space between the light-emitting panel 1000 and color filter panel 2000. Filler 900 may comprise a light-transmitting material, such as acrylic resin or epoxy resin. In one or more embodiments, the refractive index of filler 900 may be in the range of about 1.45 to about 1.55.

[0088] The display device 1 having the structure described above can be used in electronic devices (such as televisions, billboards, cinema screens, monitors, tablet PCs, or laptop computers) capable of displaying moving and / or still images.

[0089] Figure 3 This illustrates one or more embodiments according to the present disclosure. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the optical layer of the functional layer.

[0090] refer to Figure 3The first quantum dot layer 510 can convert blue light Lb incident on the first quantum dot layer 510 into red light Lr. The first quantum dot layer 510 may include a first photosensitive polymer 511, and the first quantum dot 512 and the first scattering particles 513 may be dispersed in the first photosensitive polymer 511.

[0091] The first quantum dot 512 can be excited by blue light Lb to emit red light Lr with a wavelength longer than that of blue light Lb. The first photosensitive polymer 511 may comprise an organic material with light transmittance.

[0092] The first scattering particle 513 can scatter blue light Lb that has not yet been absorbed by the first quantum dot 512 to excite more first quantum dots 512, and thus the first scattering particle 513 can improve the efficiency of color conversion. The first scattering particle 513 may include, for example, titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles and / or metal particles. The first quantum dot 512 may be selected from group II-VI compounds, group III-VI compounds, group III-V compounds, group IV-VI compounds, group IV elements, group IV compounds and / or combinations thereof (e.g., any suitable combinations).

[0093] Group II-VI compounds may be selected from the group consisting of dielemental, trielemental, and tetraelemental compounds. The dielemental compounds are selected from the group consisting of CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, ZnO, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, MgSe, MgS, and / or combinations thereof (e.g., any suitable combination). The trielemental compounds are selected from the group consisting of CdSeS, CdSeTe, CdSTe, ZnSeS, ZnSeTe, ZnSTe, HgSeS, HgSeTe, HgSTe, CdZnS, CdZnS, and CdZnO. The four-element compounds are selected from the group consisting of nSe, CdZnTe, CdHgS, CdHgSe, CdHgTe, HgZnS, HgZnSe, HgZnTe, MgZnSe, MgZnS and / or their (e.g., any suitable) combinations (multiple combinations), wherein the four-element compounds are selected from the group consisting of CdZnSeS, CdZnSeTe, CdZnSTe, CdHgSeS, CdHgSeTe, CdHgSTe, HgZnSeS, HgZnSeTe, HgZnSTe and / or their (e.g., any suitable) combinations (multiple combinations).

[0094] Group III-VI compounds may include: binary compounds such as In2S3 and In2Se3; ternary compounds such as InGaS3 and InGaSe3; and / or any combination thereof.

[0095] Group III-V compounds may be selected from the group consisting of dielemental, trielemental, and tetraelemental compounds. The dielemental compounds are selected from the group consisting of GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, AlN, AlP, AlAs, AlSb, InN, InP, InAs, InSb, and / or combinations thereof (e.g., any suitable combination). The trielemental compounds are selected from the group consisting of GaNP, GaNAs, GaNSb, GaPAs, GaPSb, AlNP, AlNAs, AlNSb, AlPAs, AlPSb, InNP, InAl The quaternary compound is selected from the group consisting of P, InNAs, InNSb, InPAs, InPSb, and / or combinations thereof (e.g., any suitable combination). The quaternary compound is selected from the group consisting of GaAlNP, GaAlNAs, GaAlNSb, GaAlPAs, GaAlPSb, GaInNP, GaInNAs, GaInNSb, GaInPAs, GaInPSb, InAlNP, InAlNAs, InAlNSb, InAlPAs, InAlPSb, and / or combinations thereof (e.g., any suitable combination). Group III-V compounds may also include Group II metals (e.g., InZnP).

[0096] Group IV-VI compounds may be selected from the group consisting of dielemental, trielemental, and tetraelemental compounds. The dielemental compounds are selected from the group consisting of SnS, SnSe, SnTe, PbS, PbSe, PbTe, and / or combinations thereof (e.g., any suitable combinations). The trielemental compounds are selected from the group consisting of SnSeS, SnSeTe, SnSTe, PbSeS, PbSeTe, PbSTe, SnPbS, SnPbSe, SnPbTe, and / or combinations thereof (e.g., any suitable combinations). The tetraelemental compounds are selected from the group consisting of SnPbSSe, SnPbSeTe, SnPbSTe, and / or combinations thereof (e.g., any suitable combinations). Group IV elements may be selected from the group consisting of Si, Ge, and / or combinations thereof (e.g., any suitable combinations). Group IV compounds may include dielemental compounds selected from the group consisting of SiC, SiGe, and / or combinations thereof (e.g., any suitable combinations).

[0097] The second quantum dot layer 520 can convert blue light Lb incident on the second quantum dot layer 520 into green light Lg. The second quantum dot layer 520 may include a second photosensitive polymer 521 and second quantum dots 522 and second scattering particles 523 dispersed in the second photosensitive polymer 521.

[0098] The second quantum dot 522 can be excited by blue light Lb to emit green light Lg with a wavelength longer than that of blue light Lb. The second photosensitive polymer 521 may include an organic material with light transmittance.

[0099] The second scattering particle 523 can scatter blue light Lb that has not yet been absorbed by the second quantum dot 522 to excite more second quantum dots 522, and thus the second scattering particle 523 can improve the efficiency of color conversion. The second scattering particle 523 may include, for example, titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles and / or metal particles. The second quantum dot 522 may be selected from group II-VI compounds, group III-VI compounds, group III-V compounds, group IV-VI compounds, group IV elements, group IV compounds and / or combinations thereof (e.g., any suitable combinations).

[0100] In one or more embodiments, the first quantum dot 512 and the second quantum dot 522 may comprise the same material. In such embodiments, the size of the first quantum dot 512 may be larger than the size of the second quantum dot 522.

[0101] The light-transmitting layer 530 can be used to transmit blue light Lb incident on the light-transmitting layer 530 without conversion. The light-transmitting layer 530 may include a third photosensitive polymer 531 in which third scattering particles 533 are dispersed. The third photosensitive polymer 531 may include, for example, an organic material with light transmittance (such as silicone resin and / or epoxy resin), and may include the same material as the first photosensitive polymer 511 and / or the second photosensitive polymer 521. The third scattering particles 533 can scatter and emit blue light Lb, and may include the same material as the first scattering particles 513 and / or the second scattering particles 523.

[0102] Figure 4 This is an equivalent circuit diagram of a light-emitting element in a display device and a sub-pixel circuit electrically connected to the light-emitting element, according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0103] refer to Figure 4 The sub-pixel electrode (e.g., anode) of the light-emitting element (LED) is electrically connected to the sub-pixel circuit PC, and the opposite electrode (e.g., cathode) of the LED can be connected to the common voltage line VSL configured to provide a common power voltage ELVSS. The LED can be used to emit light with a brightness corresponding to the amount of current supplied from the sub-pixel circuit PC.

[0104] Figure 4 The light-emitting element LED shown can correspond to Figure 2 Each of the first light-emitting element LED1, the second light-emitting element LED2, and the third light-emitting element LED3 shown herein, andFigure 4 The sub-pixel circuit PC shown can correspond to Figure 2 Each of the first sub-pixel circuit PC1, the second sub-pixel circuit PC2, and the third sub-pixel circuit PC3 shown in the figure.

[0105] The sub-pixel circuit PC can control the amount of current flowing from the drive power line VDL providing the drive power voltage ELVDD through the light-emitting element LED to the common voltage line VSL providing the common power voltage ELVSS in response to a data signal. The sub-pixel circuit PC may include a first transistor M1, a second transistor M2, a third transistor M3, and a storage capacitor Cst.

[0106] Each of the first transistor M1, the second transistor M2, and the third transistor M3 may include an oxide semiconductor thin-film transistor comprising a semiconductor layer containing an oxide semiconductor, or may include a silicon semiconductor thin-film transistor comprising a semiconductor layer containing polycrystalline silicon. The transistor may include a first electrode and a second electrode. Depending on the type of transistor, the first electrode may include (for example,) one of a source electrode and a drain electrode, and the second electrode may include the other of a source electrode and a drain electrode. For example, depending on the type of transistor, the first electrode may be either a source electrode or a drain electrode, and the second electrode may be the other.

[0107] The first transistor M1 may include a driving transistor. A first electrode of the first transistor M1 is electrically connected to a driving power line VDL configured to provide a driving power voltage ELVDD, and a second electrode may be electrically connected to a sub-pixel electrode of the light-emitting element LED. The gate electrode of the first transistor M1 may be electrically connected to a first node N1. The first transistor M1 may control the amount of current flowing from the driving power line VDL of the driving power voltage ELVDD to the light-emitting element LED in response to the voltage of the first node N1.

[0108] The second transistor M2 may include a switching transistor. The first electrode of the second transistor M2 may be electrically connected to the data line DL, and the second electrode may be electrically connected to the first node N1. The gate electrode of the second transistor M2 may be electrically connected to the scan line SL. If a scan signal is provided to the scan line SL (e.g., when a scan signal is provided to the scan line SL), the second transistor M2 may be turned on to electrically connect the data line DL to the first node N1.

[0109] The third transistor M3 may include an initialization transistor and / or a sensing transistor. The first electrode of the third transistor M3 may be electrically connected to the second node N2, and the second electrode may be connected to the sensing line SEL. The gate electrode of the third transistor M3 may be electrically connected to the control line CL.

[0110] If a control signal is provided to control line CL (e.g., when a control signal is provided to control line CL), the third transistor M3 can be turned on to electrically connect the sensing line SEL to the second node N2. In one or more embodiments, the third transistor M3 can be turned on in response to a signal received via control line CL and can be used to transmit an initialization voltage from the sensing line SEL to the light-emitting element LED to initialize the sub-pixel electrode. In one or more embodiments, if a control signal is provided to control line CL (e.g., when a control signal is provided to control line CL), the third transistor M3 can be turned on to sense characteristic information of the light-emitting element LED. The third transistor M3 can have both the functions of an initialization transistor and a sensing transistor as described above (e.g., simultaneously having the functions of an initialization transistor and a sensing transistor as described above), or can have one of these functions. In one or more embodiments, if the third transistor M3 has the function of an initialization transistor (e.g., when the third transistor M3 has the function of an initialization transistor), the sensing line SEL can be referred to as an initialization voltage line. The initialization and sensing operations of the third transistor M3 can be performed individually or concurrently (e.g., simultaneously).

[0111] The storage capacitor Cst can be connected between the first node N1 and the second node N2. For example, the first capacitor electrode of the storage capacitor Cst can be electrically connected to the gate electrode of the first transistor M1, and the second capacitor electrode of the storage capacitor Cst can be electrically connected to the sub-pixel electrode of the light-emitting element LED.

[0112] although Figure 4 The first transistor M1, the second transistor M2, and the third transistor M3 are shown to each comprise an N-type (near-) metal-oxide semiconductor (NMOS), but in one or more embodiments, at least one of the first transistor M1, the second transistor M2, and the third transistor M3 may comprise a P-type (near-) metal-oxide semiconductor (PMOS).

[0113] although Figure 4 The diagram shows three transistors, but in one or more embodiments, the subpixel circuit PC may include four or more transistors.

[0114] Figure 5 It is according to one or more embodiments of this disclosure along Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the display device taken by line A-A', and Figure 6 This is an illustrative representation of one or more embodiments according to the present disclosure. Figure 5 An enlarged cross-sectional view of region X. Although Figure 6This is an enlarged view of a portion of the area above the third light-emitting element LED3, but the areas above the remaining light-emitting elements LED1 and LED2 may have the same or similar configuration. In one or more embodiments, Figure 7 This is a graph showing the refractive indices of a lens layer and a low-refractive layer included in a display device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, and Figure 8 This is a schematic plan view illustrating a lens layer included in a display device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0115] refer to Figure 5 The light-emitting panel 1000 may include a first substrate 100, a circuit layer 200, a light-emitting element layer 300, an encapsulation layer 400, a functional layer 500, and a first passivation layer 810. The circuit layer 200 may include a first sub-pixel circuit PC1, a second sub-pixel circuit PC2, and a third sub-pixel circuit PC3 disposed on the first substrate 100.

[0116] The first substrate 100 may include a glass substrate having SiO2 as a major component. For example, the glass substrate may include a glass substrate having a thickness of about 500 μm, or it may include an ultrathin glass substrate having a thickness of about 30 μm. In one or more embodiments, the first substrate 100 may include a polymer resin. The first substrate 100 including the polymer resin may be flexible (e.g., foldable, rollable, or bendable). In one or more embodiments, the first substrate 100 may have a multilayer structure including a layer comprising the polymer resin and an inorganic layer.

[0117] The first sub-pixel circuit PC1, the second sub-pixel circuit PC2, and the third sub-pixel circuit PC3 each include a first transistor M1 (for example, see...). Figure 4 ), second transistor M2 (for example, see Figure 4 ), third transistor M3 (for example, see Figure 4 ) and storage capacitor Cst (for example, see Figure 4 (Through examples,) Figure 5 The storage capacitor Cst and the corresponding first transistor M1 are shown (see, for example, [reference]). Figure 4 ), second transistor M2 (for example, see Figure 4 ) and the third transistor M3 (for example, see Figure 4 The transistor TR is one of the transistors. The first transistor M1 (for example, see...) Figure 4 ), second transistor M2 (for example, see Figure 4 ) and the third transistor M3 (for example, see Figure 4 The remaining transistors in the ) can have the same Figure 5 The configuration shown is the same or similar to the configuration shown.

[0118] In one or more embodiments, the storage capacitor Cst may include a first capacitor electrode CE1 and a second capacitor electrode CE2, and the second capacitor electrode CE2 may include a first sub-capacitor electrode CE2b and a second sub-capacitor electrode CE2t respectively arranged below and above the first capacitor electrode CE1 in the thickness direction (e.g., the z-axis direction).

[0119] The first sub-capacitor electrode CE2b may be disposed on the first substrate 100. For example, the first sub-capacitor electrode CE2b may be in direct contact with the upper surface of the first substrate 100. The first sub-capacitor electrode CE2b may include conductive materials such as aluminum (Al), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), silver (Ag), magnesium (Mg), gold (Au), nickel (Ni), neodymium (Nd), iridium (Ir), chromium (Cr), calcium (Ca), molybdenum (Mo), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), and / or copper (Cu).

[0120] The buffer layer 201 may be disposed above the first sub-capacitor electrode CE2b and may comprise an inorganic insulating material. The buffer layer 201 may comprise an inorganic insulating material such as silicon nitride, silicon oxide, and / or silicon oxynitride, and may comprise a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure comprising the aforementioned materials.

[0121] The semiconductor layer Act can be disposed on the buffer layer 201. The semiconductor layer Act may include oxide semiconductor materials, such as IGZO, amorphous silicon, polycrystalline silicon and / or organic semiconductor materials.

[0122] The gate insulating layer 203 may be disposed on the semiconductor layer Act. The gate insulating layer 203 may include inorganic insulating materials such as silicon nitride and / or silicon oxynitride, and may include a single-layer structure or a multilayer structure containing the aforementioned materials.

[0123] The gate electrode GE can be disposed on the gate insulating layer 203 and can overlap with a portion of the semiconductor layer Act. The gate electrode GE can overlap with the channel region CR of the semiconductor layer Act, and the semiconductor layer Act can include the channel region CR and the source region SR and drain region DR disposed on both sides of the channel region CR (e.g., on opposite sides of the channel region CR in the x-axis direction).

[0124] The first capacitor electrode CE1 may be disposed on the same layer as the gate electrode GE and may comprise the same material as the gate electrode GE. The first capacitor electrode CE1 and the gate electrode GE may be formed by the same process. The first capacitor electrode CE1 and the gate electrode GE may each comprise a conductive metal, such as Al, Pt, Pd, Ag, Mg, Au, Ni, Nd, Ir, Cr, Ni, Ca, Mo, Ti, W, and / or Cu. According to one or more embodiments, the first capacitor electrode CE1 and the gate electrode GE may each have a layered structure comprising Mo / Al / Mo. In one or more embodiments, the first capacitor electrode CE1 and the gate electrode GE may comprise TiN. x Layer, Al layer and / or Ti layer.

[0125] Interlayer insulating layer 204 may be disposed on the first capacitor electrode CE1 and the gate electrode GE. Interlayer insulating layer 204 may include inorganic insulating materials such as silicon nitride, silicon oxide and / or silicon oxynitride, and may include a single-layer structure or a multilayer structure containing the aforementioned materials.

[0126] The second sub-capacitor electrode CE2t can be disposed on the interlayer insulating layer 204. The second sub-capacitor electrode CE2t can be electrically connected to the first sub-capacitor electrode CE2b via contact holes in the insulating layer (multiple insulating layers) between the first sub-capacitor electrode CE2b and the second sub-capacitor electrode CE2t. For example, the second sub-capacitor electrode CE2t can contact the first sub-capacitor electrode CE2b via contact holes through the buffer layer 201, the gate insulating layer 203, and the interlayer insulating layer 204. The second sub-capacitor electrode CE2t may include, for example, a Ti layer, an Al layer, and / or a Cu layer. In one or more embodiments, the second sub-capacitor electrode CE2t may have a Ti / Al / Ti layered structure.

[0127] The via insulating layer 205 can be disposed on the first sub-pixel circuit PC1, the second sub-pixel circuit PC2, and the third sub-pixel circuit PC3. The via insulating layer 205 can comprise inorganic and / or organic insulating materials. For example, the via insulating layer 205 can comprise organic insulating materials such as acrylic, benzocyclobutene (BCB), polyimide, or hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO). The via insulating layer 205 can be provided as a single layer or multiple layers.

[0128] Each of the first sub-pixel circuit PC1, the second sub-pixel circuit PC2, and the third sub-pixel circuit PC3 arranged on the first substrate 100 may include a transistor TR having the structure described above and a storage capacitor Cst, and may be electrically connected to the sub-pixel electrode 310 of the corresponding light-emitting elements LED1, LED2, and LED3, respectively.

[0129] The sub-pixel electrode 310 may include a light-transmitting conductive oxide such as indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), zinc oxide (ZnO), indium oxide (In2O3), indium gallium oxide (IGO), or aluminum zinc oxide (AZO). The sub-pixel electrode 310 may include a reflective layer comprising silver (Ag), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), gold (Au), nickel (Ni), neodymium (Nd), iridium (Ir), chromium (Cr), or compounds thereof. For example, the sub-pixel electrode 310 may have a three-layer structure of ITO / Ag / ITO. In one or more embodiments, the sub-pixel electrode 310 may include a first sub-pixel electrode 311, a second sub-pixel electrode 312, and a third sub-pixel electrode 313.

[0130] A first light-emitting element LED1, comprising a first sub-pixel electrode 311, a counter electrode 330, and an intermediate layer 320 including an emission layer located between the first sub-pixel electrode 311 and the counter electrode 330, can be positioned in the first sub-pixel PX1. A second light-emitting element LED2, comprising a second sub-pixel electrode 312, a counter electrode 330, and an intermediate layer 320 including an emission layer located between the second sub-pixel electrode 312 and the counter electrode 330, can be positioned in the second sub-pixel PX2. Furthermore, a third light-emitting element LED3, comprising a third sub-pixel electrode 313, a counter electrode 330, and an intermediate layer 320 including an emission layer located between the third sub-pixel electrode 313 and the counter electrode 330, can be positioned in the third sub-pixel PX3.

[0131] The intermediate layer 320 may include a polymer or a low molecular weight organic material that emits light of a specific color. In addition to one or more suitable organic materials, the intermediate layer 320 may also include metal-containing compounds such as organometallic compounds and / or inorganic materials such as quantum dots.

[0132] In one or more embodiments, the intermediate layer 320 may include an emitter layer and a first functional layer and a second functional layer disposed below and above the emitter layer, respectively. The first functional layer may include, for example, a hole transport layer (HTL) or a hole transport layer and a hole injection layer (HIL). The second functional layer is an optional component disposed on the emitter layer. The second functional layer may include an electron transport layer (ETL) and / or an electron injection layer (EIL).

[0133] The intermediate layer 320 can be disposed not only on the first sub-pixel electrode 311 of the first sub-pixel PX1, but also on the second sub-pixel electrode 312 of the second sub-pixel PX2 and the third sub-pixel electrode 313 of the third sub-pixel PX3. The intermediate layer 320 can have a monolithic shape extending over the first sub-pixel electrode 311, the second sub-pixel electrode 312, and the third sub-pixel electrode 313 (e.g., extending over the entire extension of the first sub-pixel electrode 311, the second sub-pixel electrode 312, and the third sub-pixel electrode 313). If desired and / or necessary, the intermediate layer 320 can be patterned and positioned (e.g., individually positioned) on the first sub-pixel electrode 311, the second sub-pixel electrode 312, and / or the third sub-pixel electrode 313. In addition to the emitter layer, the intermediate layer 320 may also include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, and / or an electron transport layer as desired and / or required. The layers included in the intermediate layer 320 may also have an integral shape extending over the first sub-pixel electrode 311, the second sub-pixel electrode 312, and the third sub-pixel electrode 313 (e.g., extending over the entire extension of the first sub-pixel electrode 311, the second sub-pixel electrode 312, and the third sub-pixel electrode 313) (e.g., it may be a single, continuous layer extending over the first sub-pixel electrode 311, the second sub-pixel electrode 312, and the third sub-pixel electrode 313). Some of the layers included in the intermediate layer 320 may be patterned and positioned (e.g., individually positioned) on the first sub-pixel electrode 311, the second sub-pixel electrode 312, and / or the third sub-pixel electrode 313 as desired and / or required.

[0134] In one or more embodiments, the intermediate layer 320 may include a single emitting layer. The first light-emitting element LED1, the second light-emitting element LED2, and the third light-emitting element LED3 may be used to emit blue light. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto, and in one or more embodiments, the intermediate layer 320 may have a stacked structure comprising at least two emitting units that emit light of different wavelengths.

[0135] The first light-emitting element LED1, the second light-emitting element LED2, and the third light-emitting element LED3 can be used to emit light within a first wavelength band. For example, the first light-emitting element LED1, the second light-emitting element LED2, and the third light-emitting element LED3 can be used to emit light within the first wavelength band toward the first quantum dot layer 510, the second quantum dot layer 520, and the light-transmitting layer 530. For example, the first light-emitting element LED1, the second light-emitting element LED2, and the third light-emitting element LED3 can be used to emit light in a wavelength band having a center wavelength in the range of about 450 nm to about 495 nm.

[0136] The counter electrode 330 may be disposed on the intermediate layer 320. The counter electrode 330 may comprise a metal, alloy, electrically conductive compound, or a combination thereof (e.g., any suitable combination) having a low work function. For example, the counter electrode 330 may comprise lithium (Li), silver (Ag), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), ytterbium (Yb), silver-ytterbium (Ag-Yb), ITO, IZO, or a combination thereof (e.g., any suitable combination). The counter electrode 330 may be a transmission electrode, a semi-transmission electrode, or a reflection electrode.

[0137] The opposing electrode 330 may have an integral shape extending over the first sub-pixel electrode 311, the second sub-pixel electrode 312, and the third sub-pixel electrode 313 (e.g., extending over the entire extension of the first sub-pixel electrode 311, the second sub-pixel electrode 312, and the third sub-pixel electrode 313) (e.g., it may be a single, continuous layer extending over the first sub-pixel electrode 311, the second sub-pixel electrode 312, and the third sub-pixel electrode 313).

[0138] The first dam layer 210 may be disposed on the via insulating layer 205. The first dam layer 210 may have sub-pixel openings 211, 212, and 213 corresponding to sub-pixels PX1, PX2, and PX3. The first dam layer 210 may cover the edge of each of the first sub-pixel electrode 311, the second sub-pixel electrode 312, and the third sub-pixel electrode 313, and may have a first sub-pixel opening 211 exposing the central portion of the first sub-pixel electrode 311, a second sub-pixel opening 212 exposing the central portion of the second sub-pixel electrode 312, and a third sub-pixel opening 213 exposing the central portion of the third sub-pixel electrode 313. A portion of the first dam layer 210 excluding the first sub-pixel openings 211, 212, and 213 may be referred to as a body portion having a specific thickness. The first dam layer 210 can prevent or reduce the possibility of arcing or the like at the edges of the first sub-pixel electrode 311, the second sub-pixel electrode 312, and / or the third sub-pixel electrode 313 by increasing the electrical distance between the relative electrode 330 and the edges of each of the first sub-pixel electrode 311, the second sub-pixel electrode 312, and the third sub-pixel electrode 313.

[0139] The first sub-pixel opening 211, the second sub-pixel opening 212, and the third sub-pixel opening 213 of the first diaphragm layer 210 can respectively define the emission regions of the first light-emitting element LED1, the second light-emitting element LED2, and the third light-emitting element LED3. For example, the first sub-pixel opening 211 of the first diaphragm layer 210 corresponding to the first light-emitting element LED1 can define a first emission region, the second sub-pixel opening 212 of the first diaphragm layer 210 corresponding to the second light-emitting element LED2 can define a second emission region, and the third sub-pixel opening 213 of the first diaphragm layer 210 corresponding to the third light-emitting element LED3 can define a third emission region. The first diaphragm layer 210 may include organic materials such as polyimide and / or hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO).

[0140] The first light-emitting element LED1, the second light-emitting element LED2, and the third light-emitting element LED3, which are organic light-emitting diodes, may be easily degraded due to moisture or oxygen. Therefore, an encapsulation layer 400 can be disposed on the first light-emitting element LED1, the second light-emitting element LED2, and the third light-emitting element LED3. The encapsulation layer 400 can be arranged to cover the first diaphragm layer 210 and the first light-emitting element LED1, the second light-emitting element LED2, and the third light-emitting element LED3. The encapsulation layer 400 can protect the first light-emitting element LED1, the second light-emitting element LED2, and the third light-emitting element LED3 from moisture, oxygen, and / or other external factors. The encapsulation layer 400 may include at least one inorganic encapsulation layer and at least one organic encapsulation layer. For example, the encapsulation layer 400 may include a first inorganic encapsulation layer 410, a second inorganic encapsulation layer 430, and an organic encapsulation layer 420 between the first inorganic encapsulation layer 410 and the second inorganic encapsulation layer 430.

[0141] Each of the first inorganic encapsulation layer 410 and the second inorganic encapsulation layer 430 may include one or more inorganic insulating materials. The inorganic insulating materials may include one or more inorganic insulating materials such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, tantalum oxide, hafnium oxide, and / or zinc oxide. The organic encapsulation layer 420 may include polymeric materials. Polymeric materials may include acrylic resins, epoxy resins, polyimides, and / or polyethylene, etc. For example, the organic encapsulation layer 420 may include acrylic resins, such as polymethyl methacrylate and / or polyacrylate, etc. The organic encapsulation layer 420 may be formed by curing monomers or coating polymers.

[0142] The first inorganic encapsulation layer 410 can be formed by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and can have a nearly (e.g., substantially) uniform thickness, which may result in an uneven upper surface. However, the upper surface of the organic encapsulation layer 420 can be nearly flat (e.g., as shown in the image). Figure 5 As shown in the figure, and therefore, the upper surface of the second inorganic encapsulation layer 430 on the organic encapsulation layer 420 can also be approximately flat.

[0143] The second dam layer 540 may be disposed on the encapsulation layer 400. The first dam opening 541, the second dam opening 542, and the third dam opening 543 may be defined within the second dam layer 540. A portion of the second dam layer 540 excluding the first dam opening 541, the second dam opening 542, and the third dam opening 543 may be referred to as a body portion having a specific thickness. The first dam opening 541 may correspond to (e.g., substantially correspond to) the first sub-pixel opening 211 of the first dam layer 210 that exposes the first sub-pixel electrode 311; the second dam opening 542 may correspond to (e.g., substantially correspond to) the second sub-pixel opening 212 of the first dam layer 210 that exposes the second sub-pixel electrode 312; and the third dam opening 543 may correspond to (e.g., substantially correspond to) the third sub-pixel opening 213 of the first dam layer 210 that exposes the third sub-pixel electrode 313.

[0144] The second barrier layer 540 may include one or more suitable materials, such as organic or inorganic materials. For example, the second barrier layer 540 may include inorganic materials such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and / or silicon oxynitride, or organic materials such as acrylic, benzocyclobutene (BCB), or hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO). In some embodiments, the second barrier layer 540 may include a light-blocking material to serve as a light-blocking layer. For example, the light-blocking material may include at least one of black pigments, black dyes, black particles, and metal particles.

[0145] The second barrier layer 540 can prevent or reduce the possibility of light converted and scattered in the first quantum dot layer 510, the second quantum dot layer 520, and the light transmission layer 530 traveling to other areas. In addition, the second barrier layer 540, together with the color filter layer 700 described in more detail later, can improve the contrast of the display device 1 by preventing or reducing the reflection of external light.

[0146] The first quantum dot layer 510 may be located in the first dam opening 541 of the second dam layer 540. The second quantum dot layer 520 may be located in the second dam opening 542 of the second dam layer 540. The light-transmitting layer 530 may be located in the third dam opening 543. The materials included in the first quantum dot layer 510, the second quantum dot layer 520, and the light-transmitting layer 530 may each be independently referenced above. Figure 3 The materials described are the same. Each of the first quantum dot layer 510, the second quantum dot layer 520, and the light-transmitting layer 530 can be formed using an inkjet printing method.

[0147] The first quantum dot layer 510 can convert light emitted from the first light-emitting element LED1 within a first wavelength band into light within a second wavelength band. For example, the first quantum dot layer 510 can convert blue light into red light. The second quantum dot layer 520 can convert light emitted from the second light-emitting element LED2 within a first wavelength band into light within a third wavelength band. For example, the second quantum dot layer 520 can convert blue light into green light. In one or more embodiments, the wavelength bands of the target wavelengths converted by the first quantum dot layer 510 and the second quantum dot layer 520, as well as the wavelength bands of the converted wavelengths, can be modified differently (e.g., different color wavelengths and / or different wavelength bands of light can be provided).

[0148] In one or more embodiments, the first quantum dot layer 510, the second quantum dot layer 520, the light transmission layer 530, and the second dam layer 540 included in the functional layer 500 may each be arranged to directly contact the second inorganic encapsulation layer 430 of the encapsulation layer 400.

[0149] In one or more embodiments, a first passivation layer 810 may be disposed on the functional layer 500. The first passivation layer 810 may be disposed between the functional layer 500 and the filler 900. The first quantum dot layer 510, the second quantum dot layer 520, the light-transmitting layer 530, and the second dam layer 540 may each comprise an organic material and may be covered by the first passivation layer 810 to prevent or reduce moisture ingress and / or other problems associated with organic materials. For example, the first passivation layer 810 comprises inorganic materials such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and / or silicon oxynitride, and may be formed by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method.

[0150] In one or more embodiments, the color filter panel 2000 may include a second substrate 600, a color filter layer 700, a lens layer LS, a low-refractive-index layer 820, and a second passivation layer 830. The second substrate 600 may be arranged facing the first substrate 100, with light-emitting elements (LEDs) located between the second substrate 600 and the first substrate 100. The second substrate 600 may be disposed on a first light-emitting element LED1, a second light-emitting element LED2, and a third light-emitting element LED3.

[0151] The second substrate 600 may include a glass substrate having SiO2 as a major component. For example, the glass substrate may include a glass substrate having a thickness of about 500 μm, or it may include an ultrathin glass substrate having a thickness of about 30 μm. In one or more embodiments, the second substrate 600 may include a polymer resin. The second substrate 600 including the polymer resin may have flexible properties (e.g., foldable, rollable, and / or bendable properties). In one or more embodiments, the second substrate 600 may have a multilayer structure including a layer comprising the polymer resin and an inorganic layer.

[0152] Color filter layer 700 may be disposed on the surface of second substrate 600 facing first substrate 100 (e.g., opposite to first substrate 100). Color filter layer 700 may be disposed between second substrate 600 and second dam layer 540. In one or more embodiments, color filter layer 700 may be disposed facing functional layer 500 and filler 900 may be disposed between color filter layer 700 and functional layer 500.

[0153] The color filter layer 700 may include a first color filter 710, a second color filter 720, and a third color filter 730. When viewed in a direction orthogonal to (e.g., perpendicular to) the first substrate 100 (e.g., the z-axis direction, also referred to as the -z direction (since it is the opposite direction to the arrow showing the z-axis in the figures)), the first color filter 710 may be located in the first sub-pixel PX1 to overlap with the first light-emitting element LED1, the second color filter 720 may be located in the second sub-pixel PX2 to overlap with the second light-emitting element LED2, and the third color filter 730 may be located in the third sub-pixel PX3 to overlap with the third light-emitting element LED3.

[0154] In one or more embodiments, the first color filter 710 can pass through (e.g., can be used to transmit) red light emitted from the first quantum dot layer 510. The second color filter 720 can pass through (e.g., can be used to transmit) green light emitted from the second quantum dot layer 520. The third color filter 730 can be used to transmit blue light from light emitted from the third light-emitting element LED3.

[0155] The color filter layer 700 can reduce the reflection of external light from the display device 1. For example, if external light reaches the first color filter 710 (e.g., when external light reaches the first color filter 710), only light of a set or predetermined wavelength can pass through the first color filter 710, and light of other wavelengths can be absorbed by the first color filter 710. Some of the light passing through the first color filter 710 can be reflected by the underlying opposing electrode 330 and / or the first sub-pixel electrode 311 and then emitted back to the outside. Therefore, since only a portion of the external light incident at the location of the first sub-pixel PX1 is reflected to the outside, the reflection of external light can be reduced.

[0156] In one or more embodiments, the color filter layer 700 can improve the color purity of the display device 1. The color purity of the light converted and transmitted by the functional layer 500 can be improved by the first color filter 710, the second color filter 720, and the third color filter 730.

[0157] like Figure 5 As shown, the third color filter 730 may have a second filter opening 702 corresponding to the second light-emitting element LED2. The second color filter 720 may at least fill the second filter opening 702 of the third color filter 730.

[0158] Additionally, the second color filter 720 may have a third filter opening 703 corresponding to the third light-emitting element LED3. The third color filter 730 may be exposed by the third filter opening 703 of the second color filter 720.

[0159] The third color filter 730 may have a first filter opening 701 corresponding to the first light-emitting element LED1. The first color filter 710 may at least fill the first filter opening 701 of the third color filter 730.

[0160] The first color filter 710, the second color filter 720, and the third color filter 730 may overlap each other. At least two of the first color filter 710, the second color filter 720, and the third color filter 730 may overlap each other to define a light-blocking portion BP. In one or more embodiments, the first color filter 710, the second color filter 720, and the third color filter 730 may overlap to define the light-blocking portion BP. In one or more embodiments, the light-blocking portion BP may be formed by overlapping at least two of the first color filter 710, the second color filter 720, and the third color filter 730. The light-blocking portion BP may serve as a black matrix. The color filter layer 700 may prevent or reduce color mixing without using a separate light-blocking component. The light-blocking portion BP may overlap with a body portion of the second dam layer 540.

[0161] Figure 5 One or more embodiments are described in which the third color filter 730, the second color filter 720 and the first color filter 710 are arranged sequentially on the second substrate 600, but the stacking order of the first color filter 710, the second color filter 720 and the third color filter 730 may be changed.

[0162] refer to Figure 5 The lens layer LS can be disposed on the surface of the color filter layer 700 facing the functional layer 500 (e.g., opposite to the functional layer 500). The lens layer LS can correspond to at least one light-emitting element LED. The lens layer LS can include a lens layer LS corresponding to each of a plurality of light-emitting elements LED. The lens layer LS can include a first lens layer LS1 corresponding to a first light-emitting element LED1, a second lens layer LS2 corresponding to a second light-emitting element LED2, and a third lens layer LS3 corresponding to a third light-emitting element LED3. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto. In one or more embodiments, at least one of the first lens layer LS1, the second lens layer LS2, and the third lens layer LS3 may not be provided. For example, the lens layer LS may only include the first lens layer LS1 corresponding to the first light-emitting element LED1 and the second lens layer LS2 corresponding to the second light-emitting element LED2.

[0163] In one or more embodiments, the first lens layer LS1, the second lens layer LS2, and the third lens layer LS3 may be spaced apart and / or separated from each other (e.g., spaced apart or separated). The first lens layer LS1, the second lens layer LS2, and the third lens layer LS3 may not overlap with at least a portion of the light-blocking portion BP of the color filter layer 700. In one or more embodiments, the first lens layer LS1, the second lens layer LS2, and the third lens layer LS3 may not overlap with the light-blocking portion BP of the color filter layer 700.

[0164] In one or more embodiments, the first lens layer LS1 may correspond to the first filter opening 701 of the third color filter 730, the second lens layer LS2 may correspond to the second filter opening 702 of the third color filter 730, and the third lens layer LS3 may correspond to the third filter opening 703 of the second color filter 720.

[0165] The first lens layer LS1 can directly contact the first color filter 710 that fills the first filter opening 701 of the third color filter 730. The second lens layer LS2 can directly contact the second color filter 720 that fills the second filter opening 702 of the third color filter 730. The third lens layer LS3 can directly contact the third color filter 730 exposed by the third filter opening 703 of the second color filter 720.

[0166] The lens layer LS can include multiple lenses LSa. Figure 5 The illustration shows that each of the first lens layer LS1, the second lens layer LS2, and the third lens layer LS3 comprises five lenses LSa, but this disclosure is not limited thereto. In one or more embodiments, each of the first lens layer LS1, the second lens layer LS2, and the third lens layer LS3 may comprise two or more but fewer than five lenses LSa, or six or more lenses LSa.

[0167] Each of the plurality of lenses LSa in the lens layer LS may have a convex shape in a direction opposite to the direction of light emitted from the light-emitting element layer 300 and passing through the functional layer 500. For example, each of the plurality of lenses LSa may have a convex shape in the -z direction. The plurality of lenses LSa may be portions protruding from the second substrate 600 toward the functional layer 500.

[0168] In one or more embodiments, a plurality of lenses LSa may be arranged to cover the entire area corresponding to the light-emitting element LED. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto. In one or more embodiments, depending on desired or required optical characteristics, a plurality of lenses LSa may be arranged only at a location corresponding to the center of the light-emitting element LED, and not at a location corresponding to the periphery of the light-emitting element LED. In one or more embodiments, a plurality of lenses LSa may be arranged only at a location corresponding to the periphery of the light-emitting element LED, and not at a location corresponding to the center of the light-emitting element LED.

[0169] In one or more embodiments, the plurality of lenses LSa may be arranged at regular intervals to each other. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto. In one or more embodiments, at least some of the plurality of lenses LSa may be arranged at different intervals depending on desired or required optical characteristics.

[0170] A low-refractive-index layer 820 may be disposed on the surfaces of the color filter layer 700 and the lens layer LS facing the functional layer 500 (e.g., opposite to the functional layer 500). The low-refractive-index layer 820 may be disposed in direct contact with the lens layer LS. In one or more embodiments, the low-refractive-index layer 820 may be disposed in direct contact with a portion of the color filter layer 700. The low-refractive-index layer 820 may be in direct contact with the first lens layer LS1, the second lens layer LS2, and the third lens layer LS3. The low-refractive-index layer 820 may be disposed continuously over the first lens layer LS1, the second lens layer LS2, and the third lens layer LS3. The low-refractive-index layer 820 may flatten the color filter layer 700 and the lens layer LS (e.g., may provide substantially flat surfaces on the color filter layer 700 and the lens layer LS).

[0171] refer to Figure 6 The surface S1 of the lens layer LS that contacts the low-refractive layer 820 may include a convex surface S1a of each of a plurality of lenses LSa and a flat surface S1b between the convex surfaces S1a. In one or more embodiments, the convex surface S1a of each of the plurality of lenses LSa may have the same curvature.

[0172] In one or more embodiments, the maximum vertical distance H from the flat surface S1b of the lens layer LS to the convex surface S1a of one of the plurality of lenses LSa (e.g., in the z-axis direction) may be the same as the maximum vertical distance H from the flat surface S1b of the lens layer LS to the convex surface S1a of another of the plurality of lenses LSa. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto. In one or more embodiments, the convex surface S1a of each of at least some of the plurality of lenses LSa may have a different curvature than the convex surface S1a of each of the other of the plurality of lenses LSa. Therefore, the maximum vertical distance from the flat surface S1b of the lens layer LS to the convex surface S1a of each of at least some of the plurality of lenses LSa may be different from the maximum vertical distance from the flat surface S1b of the lens layer LS to the convex surface S1a of each of the other of the plurality of lenses LSa (this will be referred to later). Figure 9 describe).

[0173] The lens layer LS may comprise a transparent organic material. In one or more embodiments, the refractive index of the lens layer LS may be in the range of about 1.50 to about 1.75. In one or more embodiments, the refractive index of the lens layer LS may be in the range of about 1.60 to about 1.70.

[0174] The low-refractive-index layer 820 may include an organic material. The low-refractive-index layer 820 may be a layer having a low refractive index by dispersing porous particles, such as hollow silica, within the organic material. In one or more embodiments, the low-refractive-index layer 820 may include an organic material having a low refractive index. In one or more embodiments, the refractive index of the low-refractive-index layer 820 may be in the range of about 1.0 to about 1.3. In one or more embodiments, the refractive index of the low-refractive-index layer 820 may be in the range of about 1.0 to about 1.25. In one or more embodiments, the refractive index of the low-refractive-index layer 820 may be in the range of about 1.2 to about 1.25.

[0175] The refractive index of the low-refractive layer 820 may be less than the refractive index of the lens layer LS. In one or more embodiments, the difference between the refractive index of the lens layer LS and the refractive index of the low-refractive layer 820 may be in the range of about 0.2 to about 0.75. In one or more embodiments, the difference between the refractive index of the lens layer LS and the refractive index of the low-refractive layer 820 may be in the range of about 0.2 to about 0.5.

[0176] Light emitted from the light-emitting element layer 300 and passing through the functional layer 500 can pass through the low-refractive-index layer 820 and the lens layer LS. For example, as Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, light emitted from the third light-emitting element LED3 and passing through the light-transmitting layer 530 can pass through the low-refractive layer 820 and the third lens layer LS3. Similarly, light emitted from the first light-emitting element LED1 and passing through the first quantum dot layer 510 can pass through the low-refractive layer 820 and the first lens layer LS1. Light emitted from the second light-emitting element LED2 and passing through the second quantum dot layer 520 can pass through the low-refractive layer 820 and the second lens layer LS2.

[0177] Light emitted from the light-emitting element layer 300 and passing through the functional layer 500 can be emitted in all directions. Each of the plurality of lenses LSa in the lens layer LS can collect the light diffused in all directions into the emission region of each light-emitting element LED, allowing the light to be emitted to the outside without being absorbed by the light-blocking portion BP or other portions. Furthermore, due to the difference in refractive index between the low-refractive layer 820 and the lens layer LS, light passing through the lens layer LS and contacting the surface S1 of the low-refractive layer 820 can be refracted. According to one or more embodiments, the difference in refractive index between the low-refractive layer 820 and the lens layer LS is in the range of about 0.2 to about 0.75, resulting in a significant change in the light path of the light received by the low-refractive layer 820 from the light-emitting element LED, which can enhance the light-gathering effect. Therefore, the light efficiency of the display device 1 can be improved.

[0178] For example, combining Figure 5 , Figure 7 This is a graph showing the refractive index n1 of the low-refractive layer 820 and the refractive index n2 of the third lens layer LS3 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Light emitted from the third light-emitting element LED3, passing through the light-transmitting layer 530, and then through the low-refractive layer 820 and the third lens layer LS3, can be refracted by the surfaces S1 where the third lens layer LS3 and the low-refractive layer 820 are in contact with each other. (See reference...) Figure 7 For blue light with a center wavelength of approximately 460 nm, the refractive index n2 of the third lens layer LS3 can be approximately 1.53, and the refractive index n1 of the low-refractive layer 820 can be approximately 1.23. The difference in refractive index between the third lens layer LS3 and the low-refractive layer 820 can be approximately 0.3. Therefore, the structure of the low-refractive layer 820 and the third lens layer LS3 according to one or more embodiments can have excellent or suitable light-gathering effects. The structure of the first lens layer LS1 and the low-refractive layer 820 overlapping with the first light-emitting element LED1 and the structure of the second lens layer LS2 and the low-refractive layer 820 overlapping with the second light-emitting element LED2 can have substantially the same structure as the structure of the third lens layer LS3 and the low-refractive layer 820 described above.

[0179] Figure 8 From light from the light-emitting element LED (see Figure 5A plan view of the lens layer LS according to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, observed in the direction of emission (e.g., the z-axis direction, also referred to as the z-direction (or +z-direction) as shown by the arrow in the accompanying drawings). Reference Figure 8 In one or more embodiments, a plurality of lenses LSa can be arranged entirely in the region corresponding to the light-emitting element LED, and the plurality of lenses LSa can be arranged at regular intervals to each other.

[0180] In one or more embodiments, six lens LSas can be arranged at equal intervals around one of the plurality of lens LSas. For example, six lens LSas in a plan view can be arranged at equal intervals around another lens LSa in a plurality of lens LSas. For example, this means, in a top-down view, one lens LSa is surrounded by six other lens LSas. Each of the six other lens LSas is equidistant from each other, forming a symmetrical pattern. With this arrangement, the plurality of lens LSas can be arranged adjacent to each other in as many directions as possible.

[0181] although Figure 8 The image shows a lens LSa with a circular shape, but this disclosure is not limited thereto. In one or more embodiments, the lens LSa may have a polygonal shape or an elliptical shape with rounded vertices.

[0182] In one or more embodiments, the distance SD between two adjacent lenses LSa among a plurality of lenses LSa can be in the range of about 2 μm to about 3 μm.

[0183] In one or more embodiments, the diameter (or width) CD of each of the plurality of lenses LSa can be in the range of about 3 μm to about 4 μm.

[0184] Because each of the multiple lens LSa has a diameter (or width) CD within the above range, the lens layer LS can include a larger number of lens LSa for the same area. The light-gathering capability can be further improved by the lens layer LS and the low-refractive layer 820.

[0185] refer to Figure 5The second passivation layer 830 may be located between the low-refractive-index layer 820 and the second diaphragm layer 540. The second passivation layer 830 may also be located between the low-refractive-index layer 820 and the filler 900. For example, the second passivation layer 830 comprises an inorganic material such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and / or silicon oxynitride, and can be formed by chemical vapor deposition. The second passivation layer 830 can prevent or reduce the occurrence of defects caused by impurities, such as those from gases generated from the first color filter 710, the second color filter 720, and / or the third color filter 730, entering the first quantum dot layer 510, the second quantum dot layer 520, or the emitting layer of the underlying light-emitting element LED. In one or more embodiments, the second passivation layer 830 may not be provided.

[0186] As described above, the light-emitting panel 1000 can be formed by sequentially forming a circuit layer 200, a light-emitting element layer 300, an encapsulation layer 400, a functional layer 500, and a first passivation layer 810 on a first substrate 100. The functional layer 500 can be formed by forming a second dam layer 540 on a second inorganic encapsulation layer 430 of the encapsulation layer 400, and then forming a first quantum dot layer 510, a second quantum dot layer 520, and a light-transmitting layer 530. In one or more embodiments, the color filter panel 2000 can be formed by forming a color filter layer 700 on a second substrate 600, forming a lens layer LS on the color filter layer 700, and then sequentially forming a low-refractive layer 820 and a second passivation layer 830.

[0187] Subsequently, the light-emitting panel 1000 and the color filter panel 2000 can be joined by a sealant or the like, and the space between the light-emitting panel 1000 and the color filter panel 2000 can be filled with filler 900. The filler 900 can be placed between the low-refractive layer 820 and the functional layer 500.

[0188] In one or more embodiments, the low-refractive-index layer 820 may be disposed between the color filter layer 700 and the lens layer LS on the second substrate 600 and the functional layer 500 on the first substrate 100. For example, the low-refractive-index layer 820 may be positioned between the color filter layer 700 and the lens layer LS on one side of the second substrate 600 and the functional layer 500 on the other side of the first substrate 100. This means that the low-refractive-index layer 820 sandwiched between these two sides helps to manage light refraction and improve the visual quality of the display device 1.

[0189] Figure 9 This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a portion of a display device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 9 yes Figure 6 Modified embodiments are shown, and are illustrative of one or more embodiments according to this disclosure. Figure 5Enlarged cross-sectional view of region X.

[0190] refer to Figure 9 The lens layer LS may include a first lens LSa1 and a second lens LSa2. The first lens LSa1 may be positioned at a location corresponding to the center of the light-emitting element LED. The second lens LSa2 may be positioned at a location corresponding to the peripheral portion of the light-emitting element LED. The second lens LSa2 may be positioned closer to the color filter layer 700 than the first lens LSa1 (see [reference]). Figure 5 ) light-blocking portion BP (see Figure 5 ).

[0191] Figure 9 The illustration shows a plurality of lenses LSa comprising three first lenses LSa1 and two second lenses LSa2, but this disclosure is not necessarily limited thereto. In one or more embodiments, the number of first lenses LSa1 and second lenses LSa2 can be modified in various and suitable ways.

[0192] The surface S1 of the lens layer LS that contacts the low-refractive layer 820 may include a convex surface S1a of each of the plurality of lenses LSa and a flat surface S1b between the convex surfaces S1a. The curvature of the second convex surface S1ab of the second lens LSa2 may be less than the curvature of the first convex surface S1aa of the first lens LSa1. The maximum vertical distance H1 from the flat surface S1b of the lens layer LS to the first convex surface S1aa of the first lens LSa1 may be greater than the maximum vertical distance H2 from the flat surface S1b of the lens layer LS to the second convex surface S1ab of the second lens LSa2.

[0193] In one or more embodiments, the first lens LSa1 and the second lens LSa2 of the lens layer LS can be formed in the same process using a halftone mask.

[0194] As described above, each of the multiple lenses LSa in the lens layer LS can focus light diffused in all directions onto the corresponding light-emitting element LED (see...). Figure 5 The front brightness of the display device 1 can be increased by increasing the curvature of the lens LSa. However, the lateral brightness of the display device 1 may decrease as the curvature of the lens LSa increases.

[0195] According to this embodiment, the curvature of the second lens LSa2, located at the periphery of the light-emitting element LED, can be different from the curvature of the first lens LSa1, located at the center of the light-emitting element LED. The curvature of the second lens LSa2, located at the periphery of the light-emitting element LED, can be less than the curvature of the first lens LSa1, located at the center of the light-emitting element LED. According to this embodiment, the lens layer LS can improve the front brightness of the display device 1 and prevent or reduce the reduction in lateral brightness.

[0196] Figure 10 It is according to one or more embodiments of this disclosure along Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the display device taken by line A-A'. Figure 10 yes Figure 5 The modified embodiments are described below, and for the sake of brevity, the differences will be mainly described and redundant descriptions may not be provided.

[0197] refer to Figure 10 After the second dam layer 540 is formed, the first quantum dot layer 510, the second quantum dot layer 520, and the light-transmitting layer 530 of the functional layer 500 can be formed in the first dam opening 541, the second dam opening 542, and the third dam opening 543 defined in the second dam layer 540, respectively. Each of the first quantum dot layer 510, the second quantum dot layer 520, and the light-transmitting layer 530 can be formed by inkjet printing.

[0198] In one or more embodiments, the first quantum dot layer 510, the second quantum dot layer 520, and the light-transmitting layer 530 may have a concave shape that is recessed relative to the upper surface of the second dam layer 540. This may be a result of ink shrinkage during the manufacturing process of the functional layer 500.

[0199] A first passivation layer 810 may be disposed on the functional layer 500. The first passivation layer 810 may be formed to have a substantially uniform thickness. The upper surface of the first passivation layer 810 may not be flat and may have grooves corresponding to the concave shapes of each of the first quantum dot layer 510, the second quantum dot layer 520, and the light-transmitting layer 530. The surface of the light-emitting panel 1000 facing the color filter panel 2000 (e.g., opposite to the color filter panel 2000) may not be flat, and the filler 900 may fill the grooves corresponding to the concave shapes of each of the first quantum dot layer 510, the second quantum dot layer 520, and the light-transmitting layer 530.

[0200] Figure 11 It is according to one or more embodiments of this disclosure along Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the display device taken by line A-A'. Figure 11 yes Figure 5The modified embodiments are described below, and for the sake of brevity, the differences will be mainly described and redundant descriptions may not be provided.

[0201] refer to Figure 11 The color filter panel 2000 may include spacers CS disposed on the surface of the color filter layer 700 facing the functional layer 500 (e.g., opposite to the functional layer 500). The spacers CS may protrude toward the light-emitting panel 1000. The spacers CS may maintain a specific distance between the functional layer 500, the color filter layer 700, and the lens layer LS.

[0202] The spacers CS can be spaced apart and / or separated from the lens layer LS (e.g., spaced apart or separated). In one or more embodiments, a plurality of spacers CS can be provided, and the spacers CS can be spaced apart and / or separated from each other in a direction orthogonal to (e.g., perpendicular to) the thickness direction of the lens layer LS and the display device 1 (e.g., spaced apart or separated). The spacers (multiple spacers) CS can be arranged on the light-blocking portion BP of the color filter layer 700.

[0203] In one or more embodiments, the spacers (multiple spacers) CS may directly contact the low-refractive layer 820. Furthermore, in one or more embodiments, the spacers (multiple spacers) CS may contact a second passivation layer 830 covering the low-refractive layer 820.

[0204] Spacers (multiple spacers) CS can be formed concurrently (e.g., simultaneously) with lens layers LS in the same process. A single mask can be used to pattern the spacers (multiple spacers) CS and lens layers LS. Therefore, the manufacturing cost of the display device 1 can be reduced, and the manufacturing process can be shortened.

[0205] The spacers (multiple spacers) CS may comprise the same material as the lens layer LS. The spacers (multiple spacers) CS may comprise a transparent organic material. In one or more embodiments, the refractive index of the spacers (multiple spacers) CS may be in the range of about 1.50 to about 1.75. In one or more embodiments, the refractive index of the spacers (multiple spacers) CS may be in the range of about 1.60 to about 1.70.

[0206] Figure 12 It is according to one or more embodiments of this disclosure along Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the display device taken by line A-A'. Figure 13 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device 1' according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, and is Figure 12 An enlarged cross-sectional view of region X'. That is to say, Figure 13 This is an illustrative representation of one or more embodiments according to the present disclosure. Figure 12Enlarged cross-sectional view of region X'. Figure 12 and Figure 13 yes Figure 5 and Figure 6 The modified embodiments are described below, and the differences will be described in detail without providing redundant descriptions.

[0207] refer to Figure 12 and Figure 13 The display device 1' may include a light-emitting panel 1000 and a color filter panel 2000. In one or more embodiments, the light-emitting panel 1000 of the display device 1' may include a first substrate 100, a circuit layer 200, a light-emitting element layer 300, an encapsulation layer 400, a functional layer 500, and a first passivation layer 810. The color filter panel 2000 of the display device 1' may include a second substrate 600, a color filter layer 700, and a lens layer LS.

[0208] The light-emitting panel 1000 and the color filter panel 2000 can be joined together using a sealant or similar agent. An air gap 900' can be formed naturally during the joining process. In one or more embodiments, the manufacturing cost of the display device 1' including the air gap 900' can be reduced because no separate filler or filling process is used. In one or more embodiments, the air gap 900' can be filled with a gas (including ordinary air) from which oxygen or specific components (e.g., elements or compounds) have been removed, or with a gas to which specific components (e.g., elements or compounds) have been added.

[0209] In one or more embodiments, the lens layer LS may be disposed on the second substrate 600 on the surface of the color filter layer 700 facing the functional layer 500 on the first substrate 100 (e.g., opposite to the functional layer 500 on the first substrate 100). The lens layer LS may be spaced apart from and / or separated from the first passivation layer 810 (e.g., spaced apart or separated), and an air gap 900' is located between the lens layer LS and the first passivation layer 810.

[0210] The lens layer LS may correspond to at least one light-emitting element (LED). In one or more embodiments, the lens layer LS may include a first lens layer LS1 corresponding to a first light-emitting element (LED1), a second lens layer LS2 corresponding to a second light-emitting element (LED2), and a third lens layer LS3 corresponding to a third light-emitting element (LED3). The lens layer LS may include a plurality of lenses LSa. Each of the plurality of lenses LSa in the lens layer LS may have a convex shape in a direction opposite to the direction of light emitted from the light-emitting element layer 300 and passing through the functional layer 500.

[0211] Air gap 900' can directly contact lens layer LS. In one or more embodiments, air gap 900' can directly contact a portion of color filter layer 700. Air gap 900' can directly contact first lens layer LS1, second lens layer LS2, and third lens layer LS3. Air gap 900' can be continuously formed throughout first lens layer LS1, second lens layer LS2, and third lens layer LS3.

[0212] refer to Figure 13 The surface S1' of the contact air gap 900' of the lens layer LS may include a convex surface S1a' of each of the plurality of lenses LSa and a flat surface S1b' between the convex surfaces S1a'. In one or more embodiments, the convex surface S1a' of each of the plurality of lenses LSa may have the same curvature.

[0213] In one or more embodiments, the maximum vertical distance H' from the flat surface S1b' of the lens layer LS to the convex surface S1a' of one of the plurality of lenses LSa may be the same as the maximum vertical distance H' from the flat surface S1b' of the lens layer LS to the convex surface S1a' of another of the plurality of lenses LSa. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto. In one or more embodiments, the convex surface S1a' of each of at least some of the plurality of lenses LSa may have a different curvature than the convex surface S1a' of each of the other of the plurality of lenses LSa. The maximum vertical distance from the flat surface S1b' of the lens layer LS to the convex surface S1a' of each of at least some of the plurality of lenses LSa may be different from the maximum vertical distance from the flat surface S1b' of the lens layer LS to the convex surface S1a' of each of the other of the plurality of lenses LSa.

[0214] The lens layer LS may comprise a transparent organic material. In one or more embodiments, the refractive index of the lens layer LS may be in the range of about 1.50 to about 1.75. In one or more embodiments, the refractive index of the lens layer LS may be in the range of about 1.60 to about 1.70.

[0215] The refractive index of the 900' air gap can be less than Figure 5 The refractive index of the low-refractive layer 820. The refractive index of the air gap 900' can be less than the refractive index of the lens layer LS. In one or more embodiments, the difference between the refractive index of the lens layer LS and the refractive index of the air gap 900' can be in the range of about 0.2 to about 0.75. In one or more embodiments, the difference between the refractive index of the lens layer LS and the refractive index of the air gap 900' can be in the range of about 0.5 to about 0.75. Therefore, in Figure 12 In the middle, the air gap 900' includes an air layer with a low refractive index, therefore, for example, withFigure 5 The low-refractive layer 820 serves the same function.

[0216] As described above, light emitted from the light-emitting element layer 300 and passing through the functional layer 500 can be emitted in all directions. Each of the multiple lenses LSa in the lens layer LS can collect the light diffused in all directions onto each light-emitting element LED (see...). Figure 12 In the emitting region of the light-emitting element 900', light is emitted to the outside without being absorbed by the light-blocking portion BP or other areas. Furthermore, light passing through the lens layer LS and contacting the surface S1' with the air gap 900' can be refracted on surface S1' due to the difference in refractive index between the air gap 900' and the lens layer LS. According to this embodiment, the difference in refractive index between the air gap 900' and the lens layer LS can be in the range of about 0.2 to about 0.75, resulting in a significant change in the light path of light emitted from the light-emitting element LED and received by the lens layer LS, which can enhance the light-gathering effect. Therefore, the light efficiency of the display device 1' can be improved.

[0217] Figure 14 This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a portion of a display device 1' according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 14 yes Figure 13 Modified embodiments are shown, and are illustrative of one or more embodiments according to this disclosure. Figure 12 An enlarged cross-sectional view of region X'. In the following text, for the sake of brevity, the differences will be primarily described and redundant descriptions may be omitted.

[0218] refer to Figure 14 The lens layer LS may include a first lens LSa1 and a second lens LSa2. The first lens LSa1 may be positioned at a location corresponding to the center of the light-emitting element LED. The second lens LSa2 may be positioned at a location corresponding to the peripheral portion of the light-emitting element LED. The second lens LSa2 may be closer to the color filter layer 700 (see [reference]) than the first lens LSa1. Figure 12 ) light-blocking portion BP (see Figure 12 Arrangement.

[0219] Figure 14 The illustration shows a plurality of lenses LSa comprising three first lenses LSa1 and two second lenses LSa2, but this disclosure is not necessarily limited thereto. In one or more embodiments, the number of first lenses LSa1 and second lenses LSa2 can be modified in various and suitable ways.

[0220] The surface S1' of the contact air gap 900' of the lens layer LS may include a convex surface S1a' of each of the plurality of lenses LSa and a flat surface S1b' between the convex surfaces S1a'. The curvature of the second convex surface S1ab' of the second lens LSa2 may be less than the curvature of the first convex surface S1aa' of the first lens LSa1. The maximum vertical distance H2' from the flat surface S1b' of the lens layer LS to the second convex surface S1ab' of the second lens LSa2 may be less than the maximum vertical distance H1' from the flat surface S1b' of the lens layer LS to the first convex surface S1aa' of the first lens LSa1.

[0221] In one or more embodiments, the first lens LSa1 and the second lens LSa2 of the lens layer LS can be formed in the same process using a halftone mask.

[0222] As described above, each of the multiple lenses LSa in the lens layer LS can focus light diffused in all directions onto the corresponding light-emitting element LED (see...). Figure 12 The front brightness of display device 1' can be increased by increasing the curvature of the lens LSa within its emission area. However, the lateral brightness of display device 1' may decrease as the curvature of the lens LSa increases.

[0223] However, according to this embodiment, the curvature of the second lens LSa2, located at a position corresponding to the periphery of the light-emitting element LED, can be designed to be different from the curvature of the first lens LSa1, located at a position corresponding to the center of the light-emitting element LED. The curvature of the second lens LSa2, located at a position corresponding to the periphery of the light-emitting element LED, can be smaller than the curvature of the first lens LSa1, located at a position corresponding to the center of the light-emitting element LED. The lens layer LS according to this embodiment can improve the display device 1' (see...). Figure 12 ( ) front brightness and prevent or reduce the reduction of lateral brightness.

[0224] Figure 15 It is according to one or more embodiments of this disclosure along Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the display device taken by line A-A'. Figure 15 yes Figure 12 The modified embodiments are described below, and for the sake of brevity, the differences will be mainly described and redundant descriptions may not be provided.

[0225] refer to Figure 15 The color filter panel 2000 may include spacers CS disposed on the surface of the color filter layer 700 facing the functional layer 500 (e.g., opposite to the functional layer 500). The spacers CS may protrude toward the light-emitting panel 1000. The spacers CS may maintain a specific distance between the functional layer 500, the color filter layer 700, and the lens layer LS.

[0226] The spacers CS can be spaced apart and / or separated from the lens layer LS (e.g., spaced apart or separated). In one or more embodiments, a plurality of spacers CS can be provided, and the spacers CS can be spaced apart and / or separated from each other in a direction orthogonal to (e.g., perpendicular to) the thickness direction of the lens layer LS and the display device 1' (e.g., spaced apart or separated). The spacers (multiple spacers) CS can be arranged on the light-blocking portion BP of the color filter layer 700.

[0227] In one or more embodiments, the spacer (multiple spacers) CS may directly contact the air gap 900'.

[0228] Spacers (multiple spacers) CS can be formed concurrently (e.g., simultaneously) with lens layers LS in the same process. Spacers (multiple spacers) CS can comprise the same material as lens layers LS. Spacers (multiple spacers) CS can comprise a transparent organic material. In one or more embodiments, the refractive index of spacers (multiple spacers) CS can be in the range of about 1.50 to about 1.75. In one or more embodiments, the refractive index of spacers (multiple spacers) CS can be in the range of about 1.60 to about 1.70.

[0229] The display device according to the embodiments can be applied to various electronic devices. Electronic devices according to embodiments of this disclosure may include the display device described above (e.g., Figure 1 The display device 1) may also include modules or devices with additional functions in addition to the display device.

[0230] Figure 16 It is a block diagram of an electronic device according to one or more embodiments.

[0231] refer to Figure 16 The electronic device 10 according to one or more embodiments may include a display module 11, a processor 12, a memory 13, and a power module 14.

[0232] The processor 12 may include at least one of a central processing unit (CPU), an application processor (AP), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a communication processor (CP), an image signal processor (ISP), and a controller.

[0233] The memory 13 can store data necessary for the operation of the processor 12 or the display module 11. When the processor 12 executes the application program stored in the memory 13, image data signals and / or input control signals can be transmitted to the display module 11, and the display module 11 can process the received signals and output image information through the display screen.

[0234] The power module 14 may include a power supply module such as a power adapter or battery device and a power conversion module that converts the power supplied by the power supply module to generate the power necessary for the operation of the electronic device 10.

[0235] At least one of the components of the electronic device 10 described above may be included in the display device according to the embodiments described above. Furthermore, a portion of a separate module functionally included in a single module may be included in the display device, and another portion may be provided separately from the display device. For example, the display device may include a display module 11, and the processor 12, memory 13, and power module 14 may be provided as other devices within the electronic device 10 besides the display device. The display device may include one of the display module 11, processor 12, power module 14, and memory 13.

[0236] In an embodiment, the display module 11 included in the display device can be driven based on image data signals and input control signals received from the processor 12.

[0237] Figure 17 These are schematic diagrams of electronic devices according to various embodiments.

[0238] refer to Figure 17 The various electronic devices to which the display device according to the embodiment is applied may include not only image display electronic devices such as smartphones 10a, tablet PCs 10b, laptop computers 10c, televisions (TVs) 10d and desktop monitors 10e, but also wearable electronic devices including display modules such as smart glasses 10f, head-mounted displays 10g and smartwatches 10h, and vehicle electronic devices including display modules such as central information displays (CIDs) installed in dashboards and central instrument panels and rearview mirror displays.

[0239] According to one or more embodiments described above, a display device with improved light efficiency can be provided. However, the scope of this disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0240] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. It will also be understood that, unless expressly defined herein, terms (such as those defined in a general dictionary) should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their context in the relevant field and / or their meaning in this specification, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense.

[0241] Furthermore, when describing embodiments of this disclosure, the word "may" refers to "one or more embodiments of this disclosure".

[0242] As used herein, the terms “substantially,” “approximately,” “about,” and similar terms are used as approximate terms and not terms of degree, and are intended to describe the inherent bias in a measured or calculated value that will be recognized by one of ordinary skill in the art. Taking into account the measurements discussed and the errors associated with the measurement of a particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system), “substantially” as used herein includes the stated value and means within an acceptable range of deviation for a particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art. For example, “substantially” may mean within one or more standard deviations, or within ±30%, ±20%, ±10%, or ±5% of the stated value.

[0243] Furthermore, any numerical range disclosed and / or described herein is intended to include all subranges with the same numerical precision within the described range. For example, the range "1.0 to 10.0" is intended to include all subranges between the described minimum value of 1.0 and the described maximum value of 10.0 (and includes both the described minimum value of 1.0 and the described maximum value of 10.0), that is, having a minimum value equal to or greater than 1.0 and a maximum value equal to or less than 10.0, such as 2.4 to 7.6. Any maximum numerical limit described herein is intended to include all lower numerical limits included therein, and any minimum numerical limit described herein is intended to include all higher numerical limits included therein. Therefore, the applicant reserves the right to amend this specification (including the claims) to expressly describe any subranges included within the scope expressly described herein.

[0244] In view of the entirety of this disclosure, those skilled in the art will appreciate that, unless otherwise stated or implied, each suitable feature of the various embodiments of this disclosure may be combined in part or in whole or in combination with one another, and may be technically interconnected and operated in a variety of suitable ways, and each embodiment may be implemented independently or in combination with one another in any suitable manner.

[0245] It will be understood that, unless otherwise described, the description of features or aspects within each embodiment should generally be considered applicable to other similar features or aspects in other embodiments. Therefore, unless specifically indicated otherwise, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that features, characteristics, and / or elements described in connection with specific embodiments may be used alone or in combination with features, characteristics, and / or elements described in connection with other embodiments. It will be understood that the foregoing is illustrative of various exemplary embodiments and should not be construed as limiting to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and various modifications to the disclosed embodiments and other exemplary embodiments are intended to be included within the spirit and scope of this disclosure as defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A display device, wherein, The display device includes: First base; The second substrate is opposite to the first substrate; A light-emitting element layer is disposed on the first substrate and includes at least one light-emitting element; An encapsulation layer is provided on the light-emitting element layer and includes at least one inorganic encapsulation layer and at least one organic encapsulation layer. A functional layer, on the encapsulation layer, and comprising at least one of quantum dots and scattering particles; A color filter layer is located on the surface of the second substrate facing the first substrate. A lens layer, on the surface of the color filter layer facing the functional layer and corresponding to the at least one light-emitting element; and A low-refractive-index layer is located between the functional layer on the first substrate and the color filter layer and the lens layer on the second substrate.

2. The display device according to claim 1, in, The low-refractive layer is in direct contact with the lens layer, and The refractive index of the low-refractive layer is less than that of the lens layer.

3. The display device according to claim 1, in, The difference between the refractive index of the lens layer and the refractive index of the low-refractive layer is in the range of 0.2 to 0.

75.

4. The display device according to claim 1, in, The lens layer includes multiple lenses, and Each of the plurality of lenses has a convex shape in a direction opposite to the direction in which light will be emitted from the at least one light-emitting element.

5. The display device according to claim 4, in, The surface of the lens layer that contacts the low-refractive layer includes multiple convex surfaces of the multiple lenses and a flat surface between the multiple convex surfaces.

6. The display device according to claim 4, in, Six of the plurality of lenses are arranged at equal intervals around another lens in the plan view.

7. The display device according to claim 4, in, The spacing between two adjacent lenses among the plurality of lenses is in the range of 2 μm to 3 μm.

8. The display device according to claim 4, in, The diameter of each of the plurality of lenses is in the range of 3 μm to 4 μm.

9. The display device according to claim 5, in, The plurality of lenses includes a first lens located at the center of the at least one light-emitting element in a plan view and a second lens located at the periphery of the at least one light-emitting element in a plan view.

10. The display device according to claim 9, in, The curvature of the convex surface of the second lens is less than the curvature of the convex surface of the first lens.

11. The display device according to claim 1, in, The encapsulation layer comprises a first inorganic encapsulation layer, an organic encapsulation layer, and a second inorganic encapsulation layer arranged sequentially, and The functional layer is in direct contact with the second inorganic encapsulation layer.

12. The display device according to claim 1, in, The light-emitting element layer includes a first light-emitting element, a second light-emitting element, and a third light-emitting element, and The functional layer includes a first quantum dot layer corresponding to the first light-emitting element, a second quantum dot layer corresponding to the second light-emitting element, and a light-transmitting layer corresponding to the third light-emitting element.

13. The display device according to claim 12, in, The color filter layer includes a first color filter corresponding to the first light-emitting element, a second color filter corresponding to the second light-emitting element, and a third color filter corresponding to the third light-emitting element. Wherein, at least two color filters selected from the first color filter, the second color filter, and the third color filter overlap each other to define a light-blocking portion.

14. The display device according to claim 13, in, The lens layer includes a first lens layer corresponding to the first light-emitting element, a second lens layer corresponding to the second light-emitting element, and a third lens layer corresponding to the third light-emitting element. The first lens layer, the second lens layer, and the third lens layer do not overlap with the light-blocking portion of the color filter layer.

15. The display device according to claim 1, wherein, The display device further includes a spacer on the surface of the color filter layer facing the functional layer. The spacer and the lens layer are made of the same material.

16. The display device according to claim 1, wherein, The display device also includes a filler between the low-refractive layer and the functional layer.

17. The display device according to claim 16, wherein, The display device further includes: A first passivation layer is disposed between the functional layer and the filler; and A second passivation layer is located between the low-refractive layer and the filler.

18. The display device according to claim 1, wherein, The low-refractive layer is an air layer that defines the air gap between the lens layer and the functional layer.

19. An electronic device, wherein, The electronic device includes: The display device includes: First base; The second substrate is opposite to the first substrate; A light-emitting element layer is disposed on the first substrate and includes at least one light-emitting element; An encapsulation layer is provided on the light-emitting element layer and includes at least one inorganic encapsulation layer and at least one organic encapsulation layer. A functional layer, on the encapsulation layer, and comprising at least one of quantum dots and scattering particles; A color filter layer is located on the surface of the second substrate facing the first substrate. A lens layer, on the surface of the color filter layer facing the functional layer and corresponding to the at least one light-emitting element; and A low-refractive-index layer is located between the functional layer on the first substrate and the color filter layer and the lens layer on the second substrate.

20. The electronic device according to claim 19, wherein, The electronic device also includes: Display module; processor; Power modules; and memory, The display device includes one of the display module, the processor, the power module, and the memory.

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