Display panel and display device

Abstract

The invention relates to a display panel and a display device, and the display panel comprises a substrate which is provided with a plurality of light-emitting units; the lens layer is arranged on one side, in the thickness direction of the substrate, of the substrate, the lens layer comprises a plurality of micro lenses, and the micro lenses correspond to the light-emitting units in the thickness direction; the light shielding layer is arranged on the side, away from the substrate, of the lens layer and forms a plurality of light shielding openings in a layer-by-layer surrounding mode, and the orthographic projection of the light emitting units is covered with the orthographic projection of the light shielding openings in the thickness direction; the electrode layer is arranged on the side, away from the substrate, of the shading layer, the electrode layer and the shading layer are arranged at intervals, and the orthographic projection of the electrode layer and the orthographic projection of each light-emitting unit are at least partially staggered in the thickness direction; wherein the electrode layer is provided with a reflecting surface facing the substrate. According to the display panel provided by the embodiment of the invention, the power consumption can be reduced and the light extraction rate can be improved on the basis of providing a peep-proof function.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a display panel and a display device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the popularization of display technology and the enhancement of personal privacy protection awareness, the demand for display devices with anti-peeping function is increasing. The anti-peeping technology used in existing display panels mainly falls into two categories: the first category is to attach a physical anti-peeping film or a liquid crystal anti-peeping layer outside the display panel, and the second category is to integrate an anti-peeping structure inside the display panel, such as setting a barrier wall or a grating structure in the pixel to limit the light exit angle, or forming a light shielding layer through an electrochromic structure. However, the display panels using the aforementioned anti-peeping structures generally have problems such as reduced light output rate, increased power consumption, and intensified device heating, and the anti-peeping structures with electrochromic layers or liquid crystal layers also need additional electrode design and driving circuit, which increases the system complexity and cost.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a display panel that can realize the anti-peeping function while reducing power consumption and minimizing the impact on light output rate, as well as a corresponding display device. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a display panel and a display device, aiming to solve the problem of reduced light output rate and increased power consumption caused by the anti-peeping function.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a display panel, comprising: a substrate provided with a plurality of light emitting units; a lens layer disposed on one side of the substrate in the thickness direction of the substrate, the lens layer comprising a plurality of microlenses, each microlens corresponding to a light emitting unit in the thickness direction; a light shielding layer disposed on the side of the lens layer away from the substrate and surrounding the lens layer to form a plurality of light shielding openings, the orthographic projection of the light shielding opening covering the orthographic projection of the light emitting unit in the thickness direction; an electrode layer disposed on the side of the light shielding layer away from the substrate and spaced apart from the light shielding layer, the orthographic projection of the electrode layer being at least partially offset from the orthographic projection of each light emitting unit in the thickness direction; wherein the electrode layer has a reflective surface facing the substrate.

[0006] In a second aspect, the present application provides a display device comprising the display panel of any one of the first aspect.

[0007] The display panel provided in the embodiments of the present application comprises a substrate, a lens layer, a light shielding layer and an electrode layer, wherein the substrate is provided with a light emitting unit, the lens layer can converge light rays, reduce the light emitting angle, and make the light rays more emitted from a light shielding opening enclosed by the light shielding layer, and meanwhile, the side of the electrode layer facing the substrate has a reflecting surface, which can reflect the light rays irradiated to the electrode layer back to the light shielding opening or be absorbed by the light shielding layer. Thus, by multiplexing the electrode layer in the display panel as a reflecting structure, the display panel can realize the privacy function by the combination of the electrode layer, the light shielding layer and the lens layer without increasing the thickness of the display panel, thereby providing the privacy effect while maintaining good light emitting rate and not generating additional power consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0008] The features, advantages, and technical effects of the exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0009] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of a display panel provided by another embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is a cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of a display panel provided by yet another embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is a structure schematic diagram of a display device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0010] Wherein: 100 - display panel; 200 - display device; 10 - substrate; 20 - lens layer; 30 - light shielding layer; 40 - electrode layer; 50 - first flat layer; 11 - light emitting unit; 12 - light emitting layer; 13 - encapsulation layer; 21 - microlens; 22 - second flat layer; 31 - light shielding opening; 41 - reflecting surface; 42 - reflecting subpart; 51 - convex part; X - thickness direction; Y - first direction.

[0011] In the drawings, the same components are designated by the same reference numerals. The drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The features and exemplary embodiments of the various aspects of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the figures. To make the present application more clear and comprehensive, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are configured only to explain the present application and are not configured to limit the present application. The present application can be implemented without some of the specific details by those skilled in the art. The following description of the embodiments is merely provided to better understand the present application by showing examples of the present application.

[0013] It should be noted that the relational terms herein such as first and second and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without more limitations, an element defined by an "includes" statement does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0014] It should be understood that when describing the structure of a component, when one layer, one region is referred to as being "on" or "above" another layer, another region, it can mean being directly on or above the other layer, another region, or other layers or regions can be included therebetween. Also, if the component is turned over, the layer, the region will be "under" or "below" the other layer, the other region.

[0015] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, etc. can be used in the embodiments of the present application to describe the shapes of the display device, these shapes should not be limited to these terms, and these terms are only used to distinguish these shapes from each other. For example, the first shape can also be referred to as the second shape, and similarly, the second shape can also be referred to as the first shape without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0016] The features and exemplary embodiments of the various aspects of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the figures. To make the present application more clear and comprehensive, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are configured only to explain the present application and are not configured to limit the present application. The present application can be implemented without some of the specific details by those skilled in the art. The following description of the embodiments is merely provided to better understand the present application by showing examples of the present application.

[0017] With the popularization of display technology and the enhancement of personal privacy protection awareness, the demand for display devices with anti-peeping function is increasing. The anti-peeping technology used in existing display panels mainly falls into two categories: the first category is to attach an anti-peeping film outside the display panel, which can be a physical anti-peeping film with a micro-louver structure, capable of limiting the viewing angle through the internal array of micro-shading pieces, or a liquid crystal anti-peeping film driven by voltage to deflect liquid crystals to achieve anti-peeping, so that the display content is only visible within a small angle range in front of the display panel; the second category is to integrate the anti-peeping structure inside the display panel, such as setting a barrier wall or grating structure in the pixel to limit the light exit angle, or forming a shading layer through an electrochromic structure.

[0018] On this basis, the inventors found that the above two anti-peeping methods have certain drawbacks. Specifically, the external anti-peeping film significantly increases the overall thickness and weight of the screen, and the external film itself has problems such as air bubble attachment, easy scratching, reduced screen brightness and clarity, etc., increasing additional material costs. At the same time, the anti-peeping film and the built-in barrier wall, electrochromic layer and other structures will block the light from the light-emitting unit, resulting in a decrease in the brightness of the panel. In order to maintain sufficient viewing brightness, the driving current of the light-emitting unit must be increased, which leads to problems such as increased overall power consumption of the display panel, increased device heating, etc. The anti-peeping structure of the electrochromic layer or liquid crystal layer also requires additional electrode design and driving circuit, increasing system complexity and cost.

[0019] To solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a display panel and a display device, which can realize the anti-peeping function by multiplexing and position adjustment of the original structure itself, thereby effectively improving the problems of increased power consumption, reduced light output rate, etc. on the basis of maintaining the anti-peeping effect.

[0020] Further, in order to better understand the present application, the following will be combined with Figures 1 to 4 The display panel and display device provided by the embodiments of the present application are described in detail.

[0021] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 is a cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of a display panel provided by another embodiment of the present application.

[0022] In a first aspect, the display panel 100 according to the embodiments of the present application includes: a substrate 10 provided with a plurality of light emitting units 11; a lens layer 20 arranged on one side of the substrate 10 in the thickness direction X thereof, the lens layer 20 including a plurality of microlenses 21, each microlens 21 being arranged corresponding to each light emitting unit 11 in the thickness direction X; a light shielding layer 30 arranged on the side of the lens layer 20 away from the substrate 10 and enclosed to form a plurality of light shielding openings 31, the orthographic projection of each light shielding opening 31 covering the orthographic projection of each light emitting unit 11 in the thickness direction X; and an electrode layer 40 arranged on the side of the light shielding layer 30 away from the substrate 10 and spaced apart from the light shielding layer 30, the orthographic projection of the electrode layer 40 being at least partially offset from the orthographic projection of each light emitting unit 11 in the thickness direction X, wherein the electrode layer 40 has a reflective surface 41 facing the substrate 10.

[0023] The display panel 100 according to the embodiments of the present application includes, in order along the thickness direction X thereof, the substrate 10, the lens layer 20, the light shielding layer 30, and the electrode layer 40, wherein the substrate 10 is provided with a plurality of light emitting units 11 for realizing the display and light emitting functions of the display panel 100, and accordingly, the substrate 10 can have a light emitting side and a back light side opposite in the thickness direction X. The light emitting units 11 in the substrate 10 can be arranged in an array, and can be organic light emitting diode pixels or micro LED chips, etc. In addition to the light emitting units 11, the display panel 100 can also include an array substrate or other structures required for driving and controlling the light emitting units 11, which are not specifically limited herein.

[0024] The lens layer 20 is arranged on one side of the substrate 10 in the thickness direction X thereof, and can be arranged close to the light emitting side, the lens layer 20 including a plurality of microlenses 21, each microlens 21 being arranged corresponding to each light emitting unit 11 in the thickness direction X to converge the light emitted by the corresponding light emitting unit 11, i.e., to reduce the included angle between the light emitting direction and the thickness direction X of the substrate 10. The size and shape of each microlens 21 can be the same to facilitate processing and reduce costs, or the size of each microlens 21 can be proportional to the size of the corresponding light emitting unit 11 to adapt the corresponding microlens 21 and light emitting unit 11 to each other.

[0025] Optionally, the shape of the microlens 21 can be prismatic, prismatic-pyramidal, conical, hemispherical, etc., which are not specifically limited herein as long as the microlens 21 can converge light.

[0026] The light shielding layer 30 is arranged on the side of the lens layer 20 away from the substrate 10 and is made of a light shielding material, for example, a black matrix or the like. The light shielding layer 30 encloses a plurality of light shielding openings 31, and in the thickness direction X, the orthographic projection of each light shielding opening 31 covers the orthographic projection of the corresponding light emitting unit 11, that is, the size of the light shielding opening 31 can be slightly larger than the light emitting unit 11.

[0027] In the thickness direction X, the light shielding opening 31, the microlens 21 and the light emitting unit 11 can be arranged in one-to-one correspondence and directly opposite each other, so that the light emitted by each light emitting unit 11 passes through the corresponding microlens 21 and then exits through the light shielding opening 31.

[0028] The electrode layer 40 is arranged on the side of the light shielding layer 30 away from the substrate 10, and there is a certain spacing between the electrode layer 40 and the light shielding layer 30, which can be separated by an air gap or other layer structure. The electrode layer 40 can be a layer structure made of a material capable of reflecting light and provided with electrodes and / or wiring structures, for example, a touch wiring layer or a touch electrode layer 40.

[0029] Further, the side surface of the electrode layer 40 facing the substrate 10 is provided with a reflective surface 41 capable of reflecting at least part of the light incident thereon, and in the thickness direction X, the orthographic projection of the electrode layer 40 is at least partially offset from the orthographic projection of each light emitting unit 11. Thus, the reflective surface of the electrode layer 40 can reflect at least part of the light emitted by the light emitting unit 11 and having a large included angle with the thickness direction X, so that only light having a certain range of inclination angles can exit, thereby adjusting the light exit angle of the display panel 100 as a whole.

[0030] It can be understood that the electrode layer 40 can reflect the light incident on the reflective surface into the light shielding layer 30 to be absorbed, and / or the electrode layer 40 can reflect the light incident on the reflective surface through the light shielding opening 31, so that the light is emitted again after being reflected by the electrode in the light emitting unit 11 to adjust the angle.

[0031] The display panel 100 in the embodiment of the present application includes the substrate 10, the lens layer 20, the light shielding layer 30 and the electrode layer 40 arranged in the thickness direction X of the display panel 100. After the light is emitted by the light emitting unit 11 in the substrate 10, it first passes through the convergence of each microlens 21 in the lens layer 20, so that the light passing through the microlens 21 is concentrated to the position of the main optical axis thereof, thereby enabling more light energy to be concentrated in a smaller exit angle range, and this part of the converged light can be directly emitted from the light shielding opening 31.

[0032] Subsequently, the light shielding layer 30 encloses the light shielding opening 31, and stray light with a large exit angle after converging through the microlens 21 is first irradiated to the light shielding layer 30 and is absorbed, so that the exit angle range of the emitted light can be further limited through the light shielding opening 31.

[0033] Part of the edge light passing through the light shielding opening 31 can be irradiated to the reflective surface 41 of the electrode layer 40 and be reflected thereon, and the reflected light can reach the light shielding layer 30 again and be absorbed, or the reflected light can be adjusted in angle again through the electrode of the light emitting unit 11 or the like, pass through the light shielding opening 31 again with a smaller exit angle, and be emitted and displayed to compensate for the loss of brightness caused by the privacy structure.

[0034] Thus, the display panel 100 in the embodiment of the present application multiplexes the electrode layer 40 inherent in the panel as a reflective structure, without introducing an additional reflective layer or liquid crystal cell dedicated to privacy, and can realize the privacy function while avoiding an increase in the thickness of the panel. At the same time, through the three-layer screening synergistic mechanism of the lens layer 20, the light shielding layer 30, and the electrode layer 40, the privacy function can be realized while reducing the invalid loss of light energy, so that the panel can still maintain a high front light emission rate in the privacy mode, thereby reducing the power consumption of the display panel 100.

[0035] In some optional embodiments, the electrode layer 40 includes a plurality of reflective sub-parts 42, and the orthographic projection of at least part of the reflective sub-parts 42 is arranged between the orthographic projections of adjacent light emitting units 11 along the thickness direction X; and the reflective surface 41 of each reflective sub-part 42 is concavely arranged away from the substrate 10.

[0036] Optionally, the electrode layer 40 in the embodiment of the present application can include a plurality of reflective sub-parts 42, which can be part of the wiring, electrode blocks, or both constituting the electrode layer 40. Along the thickness direction X, the orthographic projection of the reflective sub-part 42 is at least partially staggered with the orthographic projection of the light emitting unit 11, which can be that the orthographic projection of each reflective sub-part 42 is located between the orthographic projections of adjacent light emitting units 11, or the edge of the orthographic projection of the reflective sub-part 42 can partially overlap with the edge of the orthographic projection of the light emitting unit 11, so that the possibility of interference of the reflective sub-part 42 with the normal light emission display of the light emitting unit 11 can be reduced.

[0037] For example, in the embodiment in which the reflective sub-part 42 is a wiring, the wiring can be extended along the gap between the light emitting units 11; in the embodiment in which the reflective sub-part 42 is an electrode, a metal mesh electrode can be used, and the orthographic projection of the light emitting unit 11 along the thickness direction X is located in the mesh of the orthographic projection of the electrode in this direction.

[0038] Further, each reflecting sub-portion 42 can be provided with a reflecting surface 41 on the side facing the substrate 10, and the reflecting surface 41 can be concave in the direction away from the substrate 10, so as to adjust the direction of the light reflected by the surface. For example, in the cross section perpendicular to the extending direction of the reflecting sub-portion 42, the cross section pattern formed by the reflecting surface 41 can be V-shaped, U-shaped, trapezoidal or arc-shaped, and further can be arc-shaped to form a more regular micro-concave mirror structure.

[0039] By arranging the reflecting sub-portion 42 above the gap of the light emitting unit 11, the large-angle stray light emitted from the side of the light emitting unit 11 can be effectively intercepted, and the privacy function can be further improved and the influence on the actual brightness can be reduced. By designing the reflecting surface 41 as a concave surface, a certain light focusing or light guiding effect can be provided during reflection, so that the received large-angle incident light from different directions can be more concentratedly guided to the inside of the panel after reflection, and further can be selected to be shot back to the light shielding layer 30 region or be converged to the vicinity of the light shielding opening 31, so as to further optimize the privacy performance.

[0040] In some optional embodiments, in the cross section perpendicular to the extending direction of the reflecting sub-portion 42, the cross section pattern formed by the reflecting surface 41 is circular arc-shaped.

[0041] On the basis of the concave reflecting surface 41 in the direction away from the substrate 10, the specific cross section shape of each reflecting surface 41 after being concave can be further adjusted. Optionally, in the cross section perpendicular to the extending direction of the reflecting sub-portion 42, the cross section pattern formed by the reflecting surface 41 is circular arc-shaped, the circular arc can be symmetrically arranged about the symmetry axis extending along the thickness direction X of the substrate 10, and the central angle corresponding to the circular arc should be less than 180° to achieve good reflection effect.

[0042] It can be understood that in the embodiment in which the reflecting surface 41 is arc-shaped, the side of the reflecting sub-portion 42 away from the substrate 10 can be a plane or an arc surface extending in parallel with the reflecting surface 41, which is not specifically limited in the present application.

[0043] The curvature of the arc surface is constant, the optical properties are uniform and predictable, by arranging the reflecting surface 41 of the reflecting sub-portion 42 as an arc surface, it can be easily designed and processed, and thus the consistency and yield of the product can be improved. By adjusting the radius of the circular arc and the size of the corresponding central angle and other parameters, the direction of the reflected light can be accurately controlled, so that it can be more effectively directed to the light shielding layer 30 or other target positions.

[0044] In some optional embodiments, the radius of the cross section pattern formed by the reflecting surface 41 is 0.7 μm to 1.6 μm.

[0045] As described above, in the cross section perpendicular to the extending direction of the reflection sub-section 42, the cross-sectional pattern formed by the reflection surface 41 can be an arc shape, and the radius of the arc shape can be 0.7 μm to 1.6 μm, for example, can be any one of 0.7 μm, 0.9 μm, 1.1 μm, 1.3 μm, 1.6 μm or between any two of them.

[0046] The size of the light emitting unit 11 in the display panel 100 is usually tens of microns, by setting the radius of the reflection surface 41 in the above range, it can be convenient to match the size of the light emitting unit 11, the size of the opening of the light shielding layer 30 and the distance between the electrode layer 40 and the light shielding layer 30 and other parameters, and it is convenient to gather the reflected light to the preset position.

[0047] For the reflection surface 41 of each reflection sub-section 42, if the radius is too small, the concave curvature is too large, and the reflected light can be excessively divergent or focused in a very close position, resulting in a decrease in the reuse efficiency of the reflected light; if the radius is too large, the concave surface is too flat, and the light gathering and guiding effect is weakened, the benefit of improving the direction of the reflected light is limited, and the privacy enhancement effect is not obvious. Therefore, by setting the radius of the arc reflection surface 41 in the above range, a balance between large-angle light interception and effective reflection and guidance can be achieved, thereby improving the overall privacy effect and light extraction efficiency of the display panel 100.

[0048] In some optional embodiments, the electrode layer 40 includes a plurality of touch electrodes, at least part of the touch electrodes are mesh electrodes, and each touch electrode includes a plurality of reflection sub-sections 42; along the thickness direction X, the orthographic projection of at least part of the reflection sub-sections 42 is respectively arranged at the opposite sides of the orthographic projection of the adjacent light emitting units 11, and / or the orthographic projection of at least part of the reflection sub-sections 42 partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the light emitting units 11.

[0049] Optionally, the electrode layer 40 can be a touch electrode layer 40, and the electrode layer 40 can be a metal mesh electrode, so as to form the reflection surface 41 by the surface of the metal layer. Each mesh electrode can include a plurality of reflection sub-sections 42. For example, taking a rectangular mesh hole of a mesh as an example, four edges enclosing a mesh hole can be regarded as four reflection sub-sections 42, and the orthographic projection of each reflection sub-section 42 along the thickness direction X can be respectively arranged at the gap between the light emitting unit 11 in the mesh hole and each adjacent light emitting unit 11.

[0050] Further, along the thickness direction X, the orthographic projection of each reflection sub-section 42 can be arranged at or partially overlapped with the orthographic projection of the light emitting units 11 adjacent to both sides in the width direction. This seamless joint structure and partially overlapped structure can ensure that there is no dead area for absorption and reflection of large-angle light, further eliminate the extreme edge light obliquely emitted from the edge of the light emitting unit 11, and improve the privacy effect.

[0051] In the display panel 100 provided by the embodiments of the present application, the metal mesh electrode structure constituting the touch electrode is arranged above the gaps between the array of light-emitting units 11 to avoid blocking the light emission and provide the anti-peep function. By imparting these metal wires with a specific concave reflection topography, they can provide the function of a high-efficiency optical reflection surface in addition to the original function of touch sensing. The traces of the mesh electrode can cover most of the non-light-emitting areas of the display panel 100, forming a continuous or quasi-continuous array of reflection surfaces, ensuring that stray light emitted at any angle has a high probability of being intercepted and reflected. Thus, the foregoing structure can achieve the anti-peep function in the full-screen range without adding any new materials or independent film layers.

[0052] In some optional embodiments, the display panel 100 further comprises a first flat layer 50, which is arranged between the light-shielding layer 30 and the electrode layer 40 and covers the light-shielding layer 30; the side of the first flat layer 50 away from the substrate 10 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 51, and the surface shape of the side of each protrusion 51 away from the substrate 10 matches the shape of the reflection surface 41, and each reflection sub-part 42 covers each protrusion 51.

[0053] Optionally, the display panel 100 in the embodiments of the present application can further comprise a first flat layer 50, which is arranged between the light-shielding layer 30 and the electrode layer 40 and can cover the light-shielding layer 30 and the openings thereof.

[0054] Specifically, the first flat layer 50 is formed on the side of the light-shielding layer 30 away from the substrate 10 and can be used to fill the gap caused by the light-shielding openings 31. The side of the first flat layer 50 away from the substrate 10 can be provided with a plurality of protrusions 51, which are used to assist in determining the cross-sectional shape of the reflection surface 41 attached thereto. For example, in the embodiment in which the reflection surface 41 is an arc surface, the protrusions 51 can correspondingly be a structure close to a semi-cylindrical shape, so that the surface of the side of the protrusions 51 away from the substrate 10 matches the required arc surface.

[0055] Thus, when the electrode layer 40 is manufactured, the protrusions 51 can be used to position and shape the electrode layer 40, so that the electrode layer 40 formed on the first flat layer 50 by vapor deposition or evaporation can naturally reproduce the shape of the lower protrusions 51, thereby forming an electrode with the required concave reflection surface 41.

[0056] The first planar layer 50 can provide a mold-like effect through the foregoing structure. The processing method utilizes the planar layer forming and patterning process commonly used in the manufacture of display panels 100, has high process compatibility, is easy to implement, and is convenient for accurately and batch-manufacturing the reflective surface 41 with the desired curvature. Meanwhile, the first planar layer 50 itself can also serve as insulation, planarization, and protection for the light shielding layer 30.

[0057] In some optional embodiments, each microlens 21 is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each light emitting unit 11, and the orthographic projection of each microlens 21 covers the orthographic projection of each light emitting unit 11 in the thickness direction X.

[0058] Optionally, each microlens 21 of the lens layer 20 in the embodiments of the present application is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each light emitting unit 11, that is, each light emitting unit 11 is equipped with a dedicated microlens 21 directly above it. And along the thickness direction X, the orthographic projection of each microlens 21 can cover the orthographic projection of the corresponding light emitting unit 11.

[0059] It can be understood that the orthographic projection shape of the microlens 21 unit can be the same as that of the light emitting unit 11, so that the two are matched with each other, or, under the premise of sufficient space, the microlens 21 unit can be a hemisphere whose orthographic projection can cover the orthographic projection of the light emitting unit 11, so as to improve the condensing effect and uniformity.

[0060] By arranging the microlens 21 in one-to-one correspondence with the light emitting unit 11, each microlens 21 can maximize the collection and convergence of all light emitted by the single light emitting unit 11 below it, and further improve the uniformity of the converged light, so as to facilitate more accurate control of the light direction of each pixel. In this way, it can be ensured that the main light spot of the light emitted from each pixel can be more accurately aligned with the light shielding opening 31 above after passing through the microlens 21, thereby maximizing the front light efficiency and providing more regular and concentrated light input for the subsequent light path processing of the light shielding layer 30 and the reflective electrode layer 40.

[0061] In some optional embodiments, the microlens 21 is a plano-convex lens, and the side of the microlens 21 away from the substrate 10 is convexly arranged in a direction away from the substrate 10.

[0062] Optionally, the microlens 21 in the embodiments of the present application can be a plano-convex lens, the planar side of which can be arranged towards the substrate 10, and the opposite side in the thickness direction X can be convexly arranged in a direction away from the substrate 10. The planar side of the microlens 21 towards the substrate 10 can be connected to the planar surface of the encapsulation layer 13 or the planar layer in the substrate 10, so that the bottom surface of the microlens 21 can be parallel or close to parallel to the surface of the substrate 10, that is, the main optical axis of the plano-convex lens can be parallel or close to parallel to the thickness direction X of the substrate 10.

[0063] Optionally, the size, shape, convex curvature, etc. of each microlens 21 in the lens layer 20 can be the same to facilitate processing. Meanwhile, the microlens 21 can be further selected as a flat-convex lens in a semispherical shape.

[0064] The flat-convex lens is a commonly used converging lens in optical design, and the convex surface thereof is usually spherical and can effectively refract light to converge toward the center. By setting the microlens 21 as a flat-convex lens and setting the convex surface on the light-emitting side, it is beneficial to tighten and converge the light before emission, and optimize the angular distribution of the emitted light. The lens in this shape can be processed by a photoresist hot reflow method, inkjet printing, or mold imprinting method, and has mature process, controllable cost, and high yield, and is suitable for large-area microfabrication of the display panel 100.

[0065] In some optional embodiments, the substrate 10 includes a light-emitting layer 12 and an encapsulation layer 13, the light-emitting unit 11 is disposed on the light-emitting layer 12, the encapsulation layer 13 is located on the side of the light-emitting layer 12 facing the light-blocking layer 30, and the microlens 21 is stacked on the encapsulation layer 13, and the lens layer 20 further includes a second flat layer 22 covering each microlens 21; the refractive index of the microlens 21 is greater than the refractive index of the encapsulation layer 13, and the difference between the refractive index of the microlens 21 and the refractive index of the second flat layer 22 is less than or equal to 0.1.

[0066] Optionally, the substrate 10 in the embodiments of the present application can include a light-emitting layer 12 and an encapsulation layer 13, wherein the light-emitting layer 12 is used to dispose the light-emitting unit 11, and the encapsulation layer 13 is used to cover and encapsulate each light-emitting unit 11 to prevent water and oxygen from invading and causing the oxidation and failure of the light-emitting material therein. The lens layer 20 can include a microlens 21 and a second flat layer 22, wherein each microlens 21 can be directly disposed on the encapsulation layer 13, and the second flat layer 22 is used to cover each microlens 21 to provide position fixation and planarization for the microlens 21, so as to provide a flat surface to carry subsequent structures such as the light-blocking layer 30.

[0067] Further, the refractive index of the microlens 21 can be greater than the refractive index of the encapsulation layer 13, and the refractive index of the microlens 21 is the same as or similar to the refractive index of the second flat layer 22, i.e. the difference between the two is less than or equal to 0.1. In this way, the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 11 can be refracted at the interface between the microlens 21 unit and the encapsulation layer 13 and converge toward the center according to the relative size difference of the refractive indices on both sides of the interface, further improving the light converging effect.

[0068] Meanwhile, by making the micro-lens 21 and the second flat layer 22 have a similar refractive index, the possibility of light energy loss caused by obvious Fresnel reflection at the interface can be reduced, thereby ensuring that most of the collected light can be smoothly transmitted, ensuring high light extraction efficiency of the lens layer 20 as a whole, and further improving the light extraction efficiency of the display panel 100 as a whole.

[0069] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 is a cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of a display panel provided by another embodiment of the present application.

[0070] In some optional embodiments, at least part of the light emitting units 11 are arranged along the first direction Y, and the light emitting units 11 and the light shielding layer 30 respectively form a plurality of first cross-sectional patterns and a plurality of second cross-sectional patterns in a cross section parallel to the first direction Y and the thickness direction X; the minimum included angle between the direction in which the edge of the first cross-sectional pattern points to the edge of the adjacent second cross-sectional pattern and the thickness direction X is greater than or equal to 30°, and the maximum included angle between the direction in which the edge of the first cross-sectional pattern points to the edge of the adjacent second cross-sectional pattern and the thickness direction X is greater than or equal to 60°.

[0071] Optionally, to further improve the reflection and collection effect of the reflection surface 41 on the stray light at a large viewing angle, the relative position between the light emitting unit 11 and the light shielding layer 30 can be further limited. Specifically, selecting part of the light emitting units 11 arranged along the first direction Y in the display panel 100, then in a cross section parallel to the first direction Y and the thickness direction X, the cross-sectional pattern formed by the light emitting unit 11 is referred to as a first cross-sectional pattern, and the cross-sectional pattern formed by the light shielding layer 30 is referred to as a second cross-sectional pattern, then the two types of cross-sectional patterns are arranged at intervals along the first direction Y, and the two types of cross-sectional patterns are alternately arranged in the first direction Y.

[0072] Exemplarily, in the embodiment in which the light emitting units 11 are arranged in an array, the first direction Y can be selected as the row direction or the column direction of the light emitting units 11.

[0073] On this basis, one first cross-sectional pattern and one second cross-sectional pattern adjacent in the first direction Y are referred to as a group, and in the same group, the included angle between the direction from any point on the edge of the first cross-sectional pattern to any point on the edge of the second cross-sectional pattern and the thickness direction X of the substrate 10 is referred to as α, and the size of α changes according to the positions of the points selected on the edge of the first cross-sectional pattern and the edge of the second cross-sectional pattern.

[0074] Furthermore, if the minimum value of α is denoted as α1, then α1 should be greater than or equal to 30° to maintain the light-shielding opening 31 at a certain size. This minimum included angle should be defined by the line connecting the two points closest to each other on the first direction Y of the edge of the first cross-sectional pattern and the edge of the second cross-sectional pattern in the same group, and the thickness direction X. By making this included angle greater than or equal to 30°, the front light emission effect of the display panel 100 can be satisfied, and the obstruction of the light-shielding layer 30 can be avoided from having an excessively adverse effect on the light emission rate of the display panel 100.

[0075] Similarly, the maximum value of α should be determined by the line connecting the two points furthest apart from each other in the first direction Y of the edge of the first cross-sectional pattern and the edge of the second cross-sectional pattern in the same group, and by the thickness direction X. This maximum value is denoted as α2, and α2 should be greater than or equal to 60°. By defining α2, the shielding boundary of the light-shielding layer 30 for large-angle light can be defined, so that the second cross-sectional pattern, that is, the area of ​​the light-shielding layer 30 located between adjacent light-emitting units 11, has sufficient width to effectively block the emitted light with a large viewing angle.

[0076] Therefore, by limiting the maximum and minimum values ​​of α, a range of angles blocked by the light-shielding layer 30 can be defined by the two values. Light within this range can be absorbed by the light-shielding layer 30, while light outside the range, that is, light passing through the light-shielding opening 31, can be transmitted. This achieves an optimized balance between the brightness of the display panel 100 and the privacy protection effect.

[0077] In some optional embodiments, the electrode layer 40 forms a third cross-sectional pattern in a section parallel to the first direction Y and the thickness direction X, and the maximum angle between the direction from the center of the third cross-sectional pattern to the edge of the second cross-sectional pattern and the thickness direction X is 30°~45°; in the thickness direction X, the maximum distance between the electrode layer 40 and the light-shielding layer 30 is L, 1.5μm≤L≤3.5μm.

[0078] Similar to the aforementioned limitation of the relative position between the light-emitting unit 11 and the light-shielding layer 30, the electrode layer 40 forms multiple third cross-sectional patterns in the cross-section parallel to the first direction Y and the thickness direction X. The angle between the direction from the center of these cross-sectional patterns to any point on the edge of the second cross-sectional pattern and the thickness direction X is denoted as β. By limiting the size of β, the proportional relationship between the spacing between the electrode layer 40 and the light-shielding layer 30 and the width of the light-shielding portion between adjacent light-emitting units 11 can be adjusted accordingly.

[0079] Specifically, the center of the aforementioned third cross-sectional shape can refer to the midpoint of the edge of the shape facing the first cross-sectional shape in the first direction Y. For example, in an embodiment where the reflective surface 41 is arc-shaped, this midpoint is the apex of the arc. The angle between this reference line and one of the opposite endpoints of the second cross-sectional shape in the first direction Y, and the thickness direction X, is the maximum value of β.

[0080] Based on this, β can be 30°~45°. By setting this included angle within the aforementioned range, it is possible to block stray light from a large viewing angle while ensuring light emission from a positive viewing angle. It also allows for a suitable distance between the electrode layer 40 and the light-shielding layer 30, which facilitates further improvement of the privacy protection effect through the reflective surface 41 and enables the recovery and reorientation of some light before re-emission.

[0081] Optionally, in the thickness direction X, the maximum distance between the reflective surface 41 of the electrode layer 40 and the upper surface of the light-shielding layer 30 is defined as L. This distance refers to the distance between the deepest point of the reflection surface 41 recessed away from the substrate 10 and the light-shielding layer 30 along the thickness direction X. Taking the reflection surface 41 as an arc-shaped surface as an example, this distance L refers to the length of a perpendicular line drawn from the highest point of the arc center along the thickness direction X towards the light-shielding layer 30.

[0082] Based on this, the dimension of L is limited to 1.5μm to 3.5μm, for example, it can be any one of 1.5μm, 2μm, 2.5μm, 3μm, 3.5μm or somewhere in between. Correspondingly, based on the aforementioned included angle β of 30° to 45°, the extension dimension of each second cross-sectional shape in the first direction Y can be calculated according to the spacing L. Let the extension dimension of the second cross-sectional shape in the first direction Y be denoted as M, then M should satisfy:

[0083] That is, M can be calculated to be approximately 1.73 μm to 7 μm.

[0084] During the process of changing the light emission direction through the reflective surface 41, the distance between the reflective surface 41 and the light-shielding layer 30 has a significant impact on the length and landing point of the reflected light path. If the distance is too small, the electrode layer 40 will be too close to the light-shielding layer 30, which may increase the difficulty of the process, easily cause short circuits or interference, and may also result in an excessively short reflected light path, making it difficult for the reflected light to fully spread out and accurately fall back into the absorption area of ​​the light-shielding layer 30 or be effectively recovered, thus adversely affecting the light extraction rate. If the distance is too large, it will increase the overall thickness of the panel, and an excessively large distance may cause some of the reflected light to diffuse again during the return process, reducing the light control accuracy.

[0085] By controlling L within the range of 1.5μm to 3.5μm, it is possible to reduce the increase in panel thickness while ensuring sufficient space for effective optical path design, thereby improving the overall user experience of the display panel 100.

[0086] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display device provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0087] Secondly, according to embodiments of this application, a display device 200 is provided, including the display panel 100 in any embodiment of the first aspect.

[0088] The display device 200 provided in this application embodiment has all the beneficial effects of the aforementioned display panel 100. For details, please refer to the specific description of the display panel 100 in the above embodiments. This embodiment will not repeat the description here.

[0089] It is understood that the above description and details are merely exemplary and explanatory, and do not constitute a limitation on this application. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Thus, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A display panel, characterized in that, include: The substrate has multiple light-emitting units disposed thereon; A lens layer is disposed on one side of the substrate along its own thickness direction. The lens layer includes a plurality of microlenses, and each microlens is disposed corresponding to the light-emitting unit along the thickness direction. A light-shielding layer is disposed on the side of the lens layer away from the substrate and is enclosed to form multiple light-shielding openings. Along the thickness direction, the orthogonal projection of the light-shielding openings covers the orthogonal projection of the light-emitting unit. An electrode layer is disposed on the side of the light-shielding layer opposite to the substrate and spaced apart from the light-shielding layer. Along the thickness direction, the orthographic projection of the electrode layer is at least partially offset from the orthographic projection of each of the light-emitting units. The electrode layer has a reflective surface facing the substrate.

2. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrode layer includes a plurality of reflective sub-sections, and along the thickness direction, at least a portion of the orthographic projections of the reflective sub-sections are sandwiched between the orthographic projections of adjacent light-emitting units; The reflective surfaces of each of the reflective sub-parts are respectively recessed in a direction away from the substrate.

3. The display panel according to claim 2, characterized in that, Within a cross section perpendicular to the extension direction of the reflective sub-part, the cross-sectional shape formed by the reflective surface is arc-shaped.

4. The display panel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The radius of the cross-sectional pattern formed by the reflective surface is 0.7μm~1.6μm.

5. The display panel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The electrode layer includes a plurality of touch electrodes, at least a portion of which are mesh electrodes, and each of the touch electrodes includes a plurality of the reflective sub-parts; Along the thickness direction, at least a portion of the orthographic projection of the reflective sub-part is connected to the orthographic projection of the adjacent light-emitting unit on opposite sides, and / or, at least a portion of the orthographic projection of the reflective sub-part overlaps with the orthographic projection of the light-emitting unit.

6. The display panel according to claim 5, characterized in that, The display panel further includes a first planarization layer, which is located between the light-shielding layer and the electrode layer and covers the light-shielding layer. The first planarization layer has a plurality of protrusions on the side away from the substrate. The surface shape of the protrusions on the side away from the substrate matches the shape of the reflective surface. Each reflective sub-part covers each of the protrusions.

7. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the microlenses is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with each of the light-emitting units, and along the thickness direction, the orthographic projection of each of the microlenses covers the orthographic projection of each of the light-emitting units.

8. The display panel according to claim 7, characterized in that, The microlens is a plano-convex lens, and the side of the microlens facing away from the substrate protrudes in a direction away from the substrate.

9. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The substrate includes a light-emitting layer and an encapsulation layer. The light-emitting unit is disposed on the light-emitting layer. The encapsulation layer is located on the side of the light-emitting layer facing the light-shielding layer. The microlenses are stacked on the encapsulation layer. The lens layer also includes a second planarization layer covering each of the microlenses. The refractive index of the microlens is greater than that of the encapsulation layer, and the difference between the refractive index of the microlens and the refractive index of the second planarization layer is less than or equal to 0.

1.

10. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least some of the light-emitting units are arranged along a first direction, and the light-emitting units and the light-shielding layer respectively form a plurality of first cross-sectional patterns and a plurality of second cross-sectional patterns in cross-sections parallel to the first direction and the thickness direction; The minimum angle between the direction from the edge of the first cross-sectional shape to the edge of the adjacent second cross-sectional shape and the thickness direction is greater than or equal to 30°, and the maximum angle between the direction from the edge of the first cross-sectional shape to the edge of the adjacent second cross-sectional shape and the thickness direction is greater than or equal to 60°.

11. The display panel according to claim 10, characterized in that, The electrode layer forms a third cross-sectional pattern in a section parallel to the first direction and the thickness direction, and the maximum angle between the direction from the center of the third cross-sectional pattern to the edge of the second cross-sectional pattern and the thickness direction is 30°~45°. In the thickness direction, the maximum distance between the electrode layer and the light-shielding layer is L, where 1.5μm≤L≤3.5μm.

12. A display device, characterized in that, Includes the display panel as described in any one of claims 1 to 11.

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