Use of effervescing agents in manufacture of cleaning compositions

Abstract

The present invention relates to the use of effervescing agents in the manufacture of cleaning compositions. The present invention provides the use of an effervescing agent in the manufacture of a cleaning composition for increasing the ultrasonic frequency experienced by one or more objects to be cleaned in a liquid in an ultrasonic cleaning device. For example, the cleaning composition is in the form of a tablet. Oral appliances may be cleaned in an ultrasonic cleaning apparatus.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the use of effervescent agents in the manufacture of cleaning compositions for increasing the ultrasonic frequencies experienced by one or more objects to be cleaned in an ultrasonic cleaning apparatus. In particular, this invention relates to the use of effervescent agents in the manufacture of cleaning compositions in tablet form, wherein the one or more objects to be cleaned are oral appliances. Background Technology

[0002] Over time, poorly maintained dental appliances can accumulate bacteria and plaque, leading to a range of oral health problems, including halitosis and cavities. Ultrasonic cleaning technology has been used in clinical dentistry for decades due to its safety and reliability. In recent years, ultrasonic cleaning technology has been adapted for personal use.

[0003] Oral appliances suitable for ultrasonic cleaning include clear aligners, retainers (including those with metal components), mouth protectors, dentures, bite pads (overnight pads), sleep apnea devices, toothbrush heads, and antisnoring devices.

[0004] Ultrasonic cleaning is used to eliminate bacteria, viruses and pathogens, keep oral appliances clean, remove harmful plaque buildup, and save users time and effort.

[0005] During ultrasonic cleaning, dental appliances are placed in a solution and exposed to high-frequency ultrasound waves. These waves vibrate the solution and generate millions of nanoscale bubbles. These bubbles rapidly expand and burst, releasing a significant amount of energy and continuously removing dirt, bacteria, and plaque without abrading the appliances. Exposing dental appliances to ultrasound for several minutes allows this cavitation effect to provide effective cleaning. Using non-abrasive ultrasonic cleaning is beneficial because it significantly reduces the risk of micro-abrasion, which can harbor bacteria and affect the appearance of dental appliances.

[0006] Effervescent cleaning compositions are often used in combination with ultrasonic cleaning: the chemicals in the composition are intended for sterilization purposes. In this respect, such compositions are water-soluble and typically contain an active ingredient with antimicrobial properties, an alkali metal bicarbonate, and a solid aliphatic carboxylic acid. In use, the tablet is dissolved in water, allowing the bicarbonate to react with the acidic component to release carbon dioxide. After the cleaning composition is dissolved, ultrasonic cleaning begins. The cleaning composition may be in the form of, for example, tablets, crystals, or powder.

[0007] Cosmetic dental appliances, such as invisible plastic braces, are becoming increasingly popular. These appliances can be worn for up to 22 hours a day, so they require effective and quick cleaning to maintain their discreet appearance and ensure oral health.

[0008] Industrial-grade ultrasonic cleaners offering multiple frequencies are known. These multi-frequency machines are designed to hold large volumes of liquid, such as 40 to 200 liters, and typically weigh more than 150 kg; one example is the Joke Flex-Line 2-550 multi-frequency ultrasonic cleaner. These machines rely on transducers optimized for specific resonances, and the power supply electronics are tuned for specific frequencies. A switching generator system can be used when a single-frequency transducer is driven by an ultrasonic generator that switches between two or more frequencies. Therefore, these ultrasonic cleaners provide different frequencies via mechanical and electrical means. This machine is not designed for cleaning oral instruments or other small objects. They are too large, heavy, and expensive for industrial use only.

[0009] The present invention aims to improve cleaning by providing frequency modulation during ultrasonic cleaning using effervescent agents in cleaning compositions. Summary of the Invention

[0010] According to a first aspect of the invention, the use of an effervescent agent in the manufacture of a cleaning composition for increasing the ultrasonic frequency experienced by one or more objects to be cleaned in a liquid within an ultrasonic cleaning apparatus is provided.

[0011] When an effervescent agent dissolves in a liquid, the resulting bubbles envelop one or more objects, and the ultrasonic waves generated by an ultrasonic cleaning device are modulated by the presence of these bubbles.

[0012] By using effervescent agents in the manufacture of cleaning compositions, the ultrasonic frequency experienced by one or more objects being cleaned in an ultrasonic cleaning device is increased, and the cleaning effect is improved.

[0013] Therefore, the present invention provides a chemical means for frequency modulation during ultrasonic cleaning.

[0014] By relying on chemical modulation rather than complex electrical or mechanical systems, this method reduces overall system complexity. This leads to lower manufacturing costs, reduced maintenance needs, and improved equipment lifespan.

[0015] Compared to electronic frequency modulators, chemical modulation mechanisms can achieve lower energy intensity. Additionally, they reduce unnecessary heat generation in cleaning equipment, which is advantageous for cleaning fragile (delicate) objects, such as sensitive oral instruments.

[0016] In addition to effervescent agents, cleaning compositions may include at least one oxidant and at least one surfactant.

[0017] Examples of suitable oxidants include one or more of sodium percarbonate, sodium perborate, and hydrogen peroxide. Therefore, the resulting composition is an antimicrobial agent and can also be a sterilizing agent. Effervescent cleaning compositions may include 10 to 25 wt% of an oxidant, preferably 10 to 20 wt%.

[0018] Effervescent agents may include at least one organic carboxylic acid and at least one alkali metal carbonate and / or alkali metal bicarbonate. The organic carboxylic acid may be citric acid, tartaric acid, and / or gluconic acid. The alkali metal compound may be sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate, and / or potassium bicarbonate.

[0019] Effervescent cleaning compositions may include 60 to 75 wt% effervescent agent, preferably 65 to 70 wt% effervescent agent. In this respect, the composition may include at least 38 wt% alkali metal carbonates and / or bicarbonates, and at least 22 wt% organic carboxylic acids.

[0020] Each or every surfactant is preferably derived from a natural product: it may be of natural origin or synthetically produced. For example, one or more surfactants may be derived from coconut oil or corn starch.

[0021] The one or more surfactants may be selected from those listed below.

[0022] Derived from coconut oil: Disodium cocoyl glutamate Sodium cocoyl glutamate • Cocoyl glucoside (also derived from glucose) Lauryl glucoside (also derived from glucose) ·Coco-based betaine Sodium cocoyl sulfate Sucrose cocoate (also derived from sucrose) Octyl / decyl glucoside (also derived from glucose) Sodium cocoyl hydroxyethyl sulfonate ·Coco-based betaine Derived from glucose (usually from corn starch): • Cocoyl glucoside (also derived from coconut oil) · Decyl glucoside • Lauryl glucoside (also derived from coconut oil) Octyl / decyl glucoside (also derived from coconut oil) Plant-based: • Soapberry (also known as soapberry or soapberry (Aritha)) Liquid Yucca Extract • Soapberry powder (Shikakai) Soapwort • Saponified olive oil (derived from olive oil) Synthetic: Disodium lauryl ether sulfosuccinate In one example, the effervescent cleaning composition includes 0.7 to 2.5 wt%, preferably 1.5 to 2.5 wt%, disodium cocoyl glutamate as a surfactant.

[0023] Considering the potential adverse effects of sodium benzoate on human health, the effervescent cleaning composition of the present invention does not contain sodium benzoate. For similar reasons, the composition also does not contain persulfates, such as potassium persulfate.

[0024] The effervescent cleaning composition of the present invention preferably includes ingredients derived from natural products: these ingredients may be of natural origin or synthetic.

[0025] This cleaning composition aims to provide lower chemical concentrations and relies on naturally derived ingredients to enhance cleaning performance and reduce the likelihood of harmful residues. This offers a more environmentally friendly and safer alternative to existing cleaning compositions.

[0026] The object to be cleaned may be a household item, such as jewelry or small articles or parts made of plastic and / or, for example, metal. This invention is particularly effective for objects with complex shapes that are difficult to clean using conventional methods; it is also effective for fragile objects. Preferably, the object to be cleaned is a dental appliance.

[0027] Ultrasonic cleaning equipment preferably includes a tank and an ultrasonic transducer to transmit ultrasonic waves to the liquid in the tank. This equipment is designed for personal use, such as in a home environment.

[0028] In one embodiment of the invention, a cleaning composition, a liquid, and one or more objects to be cleaned are introduced into an ultrasonic cleaning device, and the ultrasonic transducer of the ultrasonic cleaning device is driven to clean the objects by vibrating the liquid using ultrasonic waves while the cleaning composition dissolves in the liquid.

[0029] The driving time of the ultrasonic transducer can be 2 to 15 minutes, preferably 3 to 10 minutes, and more preferably about 5 minutes.

[0030] In conventional cleaning methods, the recommendation given to users is to allow the cleaning composition to fully dissolve in the liquid before using ultrasound to vibrate the liquid.

[0031] In this invention, the liquid is vibrated by ultrasound while the cleaning composition is dissolved in the liquid, thus achieving the beneficial effects mentioned herein.

[0032] In another embodiment of the invention, the liquid and one or more objects to be cleaned are introduced into the ultrasonic cleaning device, the ultrasonic transducer of the ultrasonic cleaning device is driven for a first time period, during which the liquid is vibrated with ultrasonic waves to clean the objects, and after the first time period, the cleaning composition is added to the liquid in the ultrasonic cleaning device, the ultrasonic transducer of the ultrasonic cleaning device is driven for a second time period, and while the cleaning composition is dissolved in the liquid, the liquid is vibrated with ultrasonic waves to clean the objects.

[0033] During the first and second time periods, the amplitude of the ultrasound signal preferably remains substantially constant. The first and second time periods can be continuous or non-continuous.

[0034] The inventors have discovered that by using an effervescent agent in the manufacture of a cleaning composition and dissolving the cleaning composition in a liquid, the ultrasonic frequency experienced by one or more objects during a second time period can be increased, preferably by at least 220%, more preferably by at least 250%, and most preferably by about 300%. In effect, the fundamental frequency of the resulting cleaning solution is raised.

[0035] This has the following benefits for cleaning one or more objects.

[0036] During the first phase, one or more objects experience relatively low ultrasonic frequencies, which provides a relatively strong cleaning effect; a more impactful scrubbing action occurs.

[0037] During the second time period, when the cleaning composition is present, the ultrasonic frequencies experienced by one or more objects are relatively high, which provides a more thorough cleaning effect; less impact scrubbing occurs, and it penetrates better into various parts of one or more objects, including smaller recesses.

[0038] Furthermore, lower frequencies are more effective at removing larger particles, while higher frequencies are more effective at removing smaller particles.

[0039] Therefore, the "modulation" method is possible, which provides the benefits of dual-frequency action, combining the cleaning advantages of lower and higher frequencies, and provides more effective cleaning results compared to using a liquid without a cleaning composition, or using the cleaning composition throughout the cleaning process by dissolving the cleaning composition in the liquid before using ultrasonic vibration.

[0040] The total length of the first and second time periods can be from 2 to 15 minutes, with each time period preferably from 1 to 5 minutes, more preferably from 2 to 3 minutes, and most preferably 2.5 minutes. The first and second time periods can be the same. Each of the first and second time periods can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8 minutes long. Each of the first and second time periods can be at least 50 seconds, 100 seconds, 120 seconds, or 150 seconds long.

[0041] The cleaning composition is added after the first time period, and therefore is not present during the first time period. The second time period preferably begins once the cleaning composition has been added and begun to dissolve. The second time period can end before or after the cleaning composition has completely dissolved (e.g., this may take 5 minutes).

[0042] Users can have the option to control when frequency modulation occurs. Users can choose to allow the frequency modulation effect to continue until the cleaning composition is completely dissolved in the liquid.

[0043] The inventors have discovered an advantage in initiating the second time period immediately upon adding the cleaning composition, allowing the ultrasonic transducer of the ultrasonic cleaning device to preferably be driven for the second time period as soon as the cleaning composition is added to the liquid. In this way, the evaporation induced by the cleaning composition interacts with the ultrasonic cleaning device to modulate the ultrasonic frequencies experienced within the device (e.g., one or more objects). Previously, the importance of initiating ultrasonic cleaning substantially simultaneously with the addition of the cleaning composition was not recognized. Typically, instruction manuals provided with the cleaning composition advise users to wait until the cleaning composition is completely dissolved before starting cleaning.

[0044] By adding a cleaning composition during the cleaning cycle, one or more objects can undergo intense (low frequency) and thorough (high frequency) cleaning in the same ultrasonic cleaning device.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, the cleaning composition is added approximately halfway through the cleaning cycle, such that the first and second time periods are approximately the same length.

[0046] The cleaning composition is preferably in tablet form.

[0047] The tablet-based system according to the present invention provides a simple "injection and cleaning" solution that can be easily integrated into consumer devices.

[0048] When tablets dissolve effervescently, the random distribution of bubbles causes a sudden, rapid change in the frequency experienced by the object being cleaned, resulting in a synergistic double-cleaning effect. Such sudden changes are impossible when using mechanical and electrical means to provide different frequencies.

[0049] The preferred shape and composition of the tablets will be described in conjunction with the second aspect of the invention.

[0050] The inventors have demonstrated that, compared to existing effervescent cleaning tablets, the tablets of this invention provide a more significant frequency modulation effect.

[0051] This is attributed to the tablet's configuration, which provides an efficient flow of bubbles and improved positioning, resulting in less movement of the tablet in the liquid compared to existing clean tablets.

[0052] Therefore, this invention provides a dual-action cleaning method in which the frequency modulation of an effervescent agent is combined with a unique tablet geometry to provide a synergistic effect. An initial low-frequency phase removes large contaminants, while a high-frequency phase triggered by controlled tablet dissolution reaches even the smallest crevices to thoroughly remove bacteria and plaque.

[0053] The tablet configuration ensures stable, controlled effervescent release, which minimizes variability in cleaning performance. This results in a more consistent and predictable cleaning process compared to floating, unevenly dissolved conventional tablets.

[0054] According to the present invention, an effervescent cleaning composition in tablet form is also provided for cleaning oral appliances in an ultrasonic cleaning device, wherein the tablet has a first side and a second side, the first side and the second side being opposite each other in the depth direction of the tablet, wherein the first side is provided with a recess, wherein the tablet is adapted to dissolve in water, and wherein the tablet is configured such that, as the tablet dissolves, an orifice is formed at the recess location in the depth direction, and the ultrasonic frequency experienced by the oral appliance being cleaned is increased.

[0055] According to a second aspect of the invention, an effervescent cleaning composition in tablet form is provided for cleaning oral instruments in an ultrasonic cleaning device, wherein the tablet has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other in the depth direction of the tablet, wherein the first surface is provided with a recess, wherein the recess provides the tablet with a minimum size in the depth direction that is 50 to 90% of the tablet's maximum size in the depth direction, and wherein the maximum size of the recess in a direction perpendicular to the depth direction is 30 to 70% of the size of the tablet in the same direction, i.e., perpendicular to the depth direction.

[0056] Preferably, the maximum size of the indentation in the direction perpendicular to the depth direction is 40 to 70% of the size of the tablet in the same direction, i.e., in the direction perpendicular to the depth direction.

[0057] Preferably, the minimum size of the tablet in the depth direction is 70% to 90% of the maximum size of the tablet in the depth direction. For example, the minimum size of the tablet in the depth direction is 75% to 85% of the maximum size of the tablet in the depth direction.

[0058] Preferably, the maximum size of the indentation in the direction perpendicular to the depth direction is 40% to 60% of the size of the tablet in the same direction, i.e., in the direction perpendicular to the depth direction. For example, the maximum size of the indentation in the direction perpendicular to the depth direction is 45% to 55% of the size of the tablet in the same direction.

[0059] The maximum dimension of the indentation in the direction perpendicular to the depth direction and the dimension of the tablet in the same direction can be measured in a plan view. The size of the tablet is the maximum dimension of the tablet in the direction perpendicular to the depth direction.

[0060] In a plan view, the recess is preferably circular. The tablet may also be circular in a plan view.

[0061] Other tablet and indentation shapes can be envisioned. For example, a tablet that is elliptical in plan view can form a circular indentation, or a tablet that is elliptical or circular in plan view can form an elliptical indentation. Square or rectangular indentations and / or tablets in plan view can also be envisioned, but are less preferred.

[0062] When the tablet is circular in the plan view, the maximum dimension of the tablet in the direction perpendicular to the depth direction is the diameter of the tablet. When the recess is circular in the plan view, the maximum dimension of the recess in the direction perpendicular to the depth direction is the maximum diameter of the recess. When the tablet and / or recess has other shapes in the plan view, the maximum dimension is the longest dimension in the width or length direction.

[0063] When the tablet is circular in a plan view, the maximum diameter can range from 16 to 20 mm, and is preferably about 18 mm. The maximum depth of the tablet can range from 4.5 to 5.5 mm, and is preferably about 5 mm, for example 5.1 mm.

[0064] The maximum diameter of the depression can range from 7 to 11 mm, preferably about 9 mm. The maximum depth of the depression can range from 0.8 to 1.2 mm, preferably about 1 mm.

[0065] When both the tablet and the depression are circular in the plan view, the tablet is suitable for forming a ring when dissolved; the orifice is approximately circular in the plan view.

[0066] Known cleaning tablets often have a basic cylindrical shape, which may have convex surfaces. The applicant currently sells a cleaning tablet in a flattened cylindrical shape under the trademark ZIMA DENTAL™. These tablets do not form rings when dissolved.

[0067] Known cleaning tablets are used in ultrasonic cleaning devices to clean oral instruments. Ultrasonic cleaning devices may include a reservoir and an ultrasonic transducer to transmit ultrasonic waves to the liquid in the reservoir.

[0068] The applicant has an ultrasonic cleaning device with a cylindrical reservoir defining an internal cleaning cavity for receiving one or more oral instruments. An ultrasonic transducer is located outside the cleaning cavity and adjacent to the base portion of the reservoir.

[0069] When cleaning oral appliances, fill the reservoir of the ultrasonic cleaning device with liquid (usually water); introduce one or more oral appliances along with cleaning tablets into the reservoir (either before or after the reservoir is filled with liquid); drive the ultrasonic transducer so that the liquid vibrates using ultrasonic waves to clean the said or each oral appliance, while the tablets dissolve in the liquid to clean the oral appliances.

[0070] Unlike known cleaning tablets, the tablets of this invention are specifically formulated and configured for ultrasonic use. They function as both an antimicrobial agent and an ultrasound modifier.

[0071] During the use of the tablets of the present invention, a first concave surface is the top surface, a second concave surface is the bottom surface, and the bottom surface is adjacent to the bottom of the storage tank.

[0072] The bottom surface can be configured to contact the bottom of the storage tank, preferably being substantially flat, so as to be stably placed on the bottom of the storage tank.

[0073] The top surface faces the opening of the storage tank, preferably towards the oral instrument placed inside the storage tank.

[0074] One aspect of the invention provides an effervescent cleaning composition in tablet form, wherein the tablet is adapted to dissolve in water, and wherein the tablet is configured such that, upon dissolution during use, the tablet forms pores in the depth direction.

[0075] The inventors have surprisingly discovered that indentations on the surface of effervescent tablets are beneficial during ultrasonic cleaning. The presence of these indentations increases the surface area of ​​the tablet, allowing it to dissolve more rapidly. Furthermore, due to the indentations, the tablet dissolves inward at the indentation locations: the high surface area of ​​the indentation and the reduced tablet depth at that point cause the tablet to dissolve even more quickly at the indentation. This inward dissolution property improves the stability of the tablet during ultrasonic cleaning.

[0076] Furthermore, as the tablet dissolves inward, an orifice begins to form at the location where the tablet has its minimum dimension in the depth direction. This orifice releases air bubbles that might otherwise be trapped beneath the tablet, causing it to float upward during ultrasonic cleaning. The presence of the depression and the resulting orifice in the dissolved tablet aim to prevent the tablet from floating during cleaning, keeping it substantially stationary. This location is preferably above the ultrasonic transducer and below the oral instrument being cleaned. In contrast, prior art cleaning tablets tend to float and shift as they dissolve, which is detrimental to effective and efficient cleaning: standard flat-shaped tablets in the prior art begin to dissolve into a disc shape, which moves back and forth within the reservoir due to trapped gas bubbles and the effects of the applied ultrasound.

[0077] According to the present invention, an effervescent cleaning composition in tablet form is also provided for cleaning oral appliances in an ultrasonic cleaning device, wherein the tablet has a first side and a second side, the first side and the second side being opposite each other in the depth direction of the tablet, wherein the first side is provided with a recess, wherein the tablet is adapted to dissolve in water, and wherein the tablet is configured such that, as the tablet dissolves, an opening is formed at the recess location in the depth direction.

[0078] The indentation is preferably located substantially centrally on the first surface of the tablet. Then, as the tablet dissolves, the orifice forms substantially centrally, contributing to stable tablet positioning. The dissolved shape of the tablet is then more likely to remain close to the ultrasonic transducer, which is advantageous for achieving better ultrasonic cleaning of dental instruments.

[0079] The recess is preferably a concave surface, meaning it has an inwardly curved surface. In one example, its surface is curved inwardly, similar to the surface of a spherical cap.

[0080] The concave surface is advantageous because the curved surface acts like a lens, concentrating the released carbon dioxide gas into a more focused stream of bubbles. As the tablet dissolves, the gas bubbles rise, and the curvature directs the bubble stream towards the oral appliance positioned above the tablet, thereby enhancing cleaning effectiveness. Preferably, the concave curved surface acts to concentrate the bubbles into a narrow stream: this high concentration of bubbles triggers a chain reaction of bubble formation and cavitation.

[0081] Instead, a non-concave recess (with a generally flat surface and therefore relatively sharp edges) can be used, but it may release gas bubbles in a less uniform way, which will reduce the positive cleaning effect.

[0082] In addition, such sharp edges are more prone to cracking or detachment, which can cause uneven tablet dissolution and inconsistent bubble release. Providing a concave, curved surface means that the tablet is less likely to crack, ensuring the tablet structure during dissolution.

[0083] Another advantage of the concave design is that, by using the concave design, the tablet can be 'pressed' and initially secured in the correct position (above the ultrasonic transducer) with the tip of a finger, rather than being dropped into the wrong position in the reservoir.

[0084] The chosen recessed geometry balances the desired cavitation effect with tablet stability.

[0085] The size and shape of the indentation cause the tablet to form an opening at the indentation when it dissolves in water.

[0086] The first surface of the tablet may have a spherical crown shape with a recess therein. A tablet without a recess may also have a spherical crown shape on its first surface. The recess may also have a spherical crown shape. The spherical crown on the first surface and the spherical crown of the recess may be coaxial.

[0087] The flat cylindrical portion can be positioned between the first and second sides of the tablet.

[0088] The second side of the tablet is preferably substantially flat. The second side of the tablet may include one or more small indentations to increase the surface area of ​​the tablet. For example, the indentations may be in the shape of a trademark.

[0089] The tablets may have a weight range of 1 to 2 g, preferably 1.2 to 1.8 g, and more preferably 1.5 to 1.7 g. In one example, the tablets have a weight range of 1.5 to 1.6 g.

[0090] In contrast, existing tablet-shaped effervescent cleaning compositions for cleaning oral appliances in ultrasonic cleaning devices typically have a weight greater than 2 g, possibly ranging from 2.4 to 2.9 g.

[0091] Preferably, compared with prior art clean tablets, the tablets of the present invention have a lighter weight and / or a higher surface area to volume ratio.

[0092] The tablets of the present invention may have a surface area to volume ratio greater than 0.6 / m², preferably greater than 0.65 / m². In one embodiment, this ratio is greater than 0.68 / m².

[0093] Aside from the presence of pits, the effervescent cleaning composition of the tablets has a carefully balanced formulation.

[0094] As explained in more detail below, the inventors have specially formulated the effervescent cleaning composition to enhance ultrasonic cavitation by optimizing water tension, wetting ability, and viscosity. These factors provide effective and enhanced ultrasonic cleaning.

[0095] In one embodiment, the effervescent cleaning composition includes at least one oxidant, at least one surfactant, and an effervescent agent, as described above in conjunction with the first aspect of the invention.

[0096] As explained below, the properties of the ingredients in the tablet effervescent cleaning composition enhance the ultrasonic cavitation process. Improved cavitation makes the microbubble action more intense and effective, resulting in a deeper and more thorough cleaning of oral appliances without causing any damage to their fragile structures.

[0097] Water tension: Surfactants reduce the surface tension of water. Lower water tension means that cleaning solutions can more easily penetrate the microscopic crevices in dental instruments, allowing ultrasound to reach and clean more effectively. Lower water tension also makes it easier for cavitation bubbles to form during ultrasonic cleaning.

[0098] Wetting ability: By improving the wetting ability of the solution, ingredients such as sodium bicarbonate and citric acid ensure that the liquid is evenly distributed throughout the orthodontic appliance.

[0099] This uniform coverage is key to thorough cleaning because it allows ultrasound to work more effectively across the entire surface of the orthodontic appliance.

[0100] Viscosity: This formulation avoids ingredients that could lead to an overly viscous solution, as high viscosity can weaken ultrasonic activity. Achieving a thinner solution without compromising cleaning efficacy allows for better ultrasonic wave transmission and more effective cavitation (microscopic bubble formation and collapse aid in the removal and elimination of debris).

[0101] Therefore, the effervescent cleaning composition of the tablets of the present invention has a carefully balanced formulation that provides a lower water concentration in the reservoir while providing better effervescence, and uses one or more mild surfactants.

[0102] In one embodiment of the present invention, the effervescent cleaning composition for tablets comprises: 18 to 28 wt% sodium bicarbonate 22 to 32 wt% citric acid 12 to 22 wt% sodium carbonate 12 to 22 wt% sodium percarbonate 0.7 to 2.5 wt% disodium cocoyl glutamate and Choose one or more: 8 to 18 wt% maltodextrin 3 to 9 wt% sodium sulfate 3 to 9 wt% potassium sulfate 0.1 to 1 wt% peppermint flavoring agent (e.g., peppermint oil) The tablet composition has been found to enhance cavitation, which is key to better cleaning performance in ultrasonic cleaning equipment. The tablet's shape, with a depression on one side, also contributes to enhanced cleaning performance.

[0103] According to another aspect of the invention, the use of an effervescent cleaning composition in tablet form as described herein for cleaning oral appliances in an ultrasonic cleaning device is provided.

[0104] In another aspect of the invention, an effervescent cleaning composition in tablet form as described herein and an ultrasonic cleaning apparatus are provided, wherein the apparatus includes a reservoir and an ultrasonic transducer that transmits ultrasonic waves to the tablets and liquids within the reservoir.

[0105] In yet another aspect of the invention, an ultrasonic cleaning method for oral appliances is provided using an effervescent cleaning composition in tablet form as described herein and an ultrasonic cleaning device, the method comprising: introducing the tablet, liquid, and one or more oral appliances into the ultrasonic cleaning device; driving an ultrasonic transducer of the ultrasonic cleaning device; vibrating the liquid using ultrasonic waves; and dissolving the tablet in the liquid to clean the or each oral appliance.

[0106] The driving time of the ultrasonic transducer can be 2 to 15 minutes, preferably 3 to 10 minutes, and more preferably about 5 minutes.

[0107] In conventional cleaning methods, the recommendation given to users is to completely dissolve the tablets in the liquid before using ultrasound to vibrate the liquid.

[0108] In this invention, the liquid is vibrated by ultrasound while the tablet is dissolved in the liquid, thus achieving the beneficial effects mentioned herein.

[0109] In an alternative aspect to the first aspect of the invention, an ultrasonic cleaning method for oral appliances is provided using an effervescent cleaning composition in tablet form as described herein and an ultrasonic cleaning device, the method comprising: introducing a liquid and one or more oral appliances into the ultrasonic cleaning device; driving an ultrasonic transducer of the ultrasonic cleaning device for a first time period, during which the liquid is vibrated with ultrasonic waves to clean the oral appliances; after the first time period, adding the tablet to the liquid in the ultrasonic cleaning device; driving the ultrasonic transducer of the ultrasonic cleaning device for a second time period; and while the tablet is dissolved in the liquid, during the second time period, vibrating the liquid with ultrasonic waves to clean the oral appliances.

[0110] Simultaneously with the addition of the tablet to the liquid, the ultrasonic transducer of the ultrasonic cleaning device can be driven for a second time period.

[0111] The first time period and the second time period can each be 1 to 5 minutes long, preferably 2 to 3 minutes long. Attached Figure Description

[0112] The invention will now be described by way of example only, with reference to the following examples and diagrams, wherein: Figure 1 A front-side perspective view of a tablet according to the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Back-side perspective view of the tablet; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A frontal plan view of the tablet; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A plan view of the back of the tablet; Figure 5 for Figure 1 A side view of the tablet; Figure 6 for Figure 1 tablets along Figure 3 A cross-sectional view taken by line XX; Figure 7 A diagram of a hemisphere; Figure 8 A plan view of a prior art tablet; Figure 9 A side view of a tablet made in the prior art. Detailed Implementation

[0113] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in Figures 1-6 In the plan view, tablet 2 is circular and has the geometry described below.

[0114] The tablet shape has four coaxial regions: front 4, concave depression 6 on front 4, central cylindrical portion 8, and back 10.

[0115] Reference Figure 3 Tablet 2 has a maximum diameter d4 of 18 mm. The depth direction of the tablet is perpendicular to the diameter direction and extends between the front side 4 and the back side 10. (See reference...) Figure 6 The maximum dimension h2 of tablet 2 in the depth direction is 5.1 mm.

[0116] The front surface 4 of the tablet is approximately spherical in shape and has a concave recess 6. The maximum depth of the front surface of the tablet is 2.5 mm. The diameter of the spherical portion is 18 mm; at this point, the spherical portion is in contact with the circular front surface of the central cylindrical portion 8.

[0117] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 6 The concave depression 6 has a maximum diameter d6 of 9 mm and a maximum depth of 1 mm. This reduces the depth of tablet 2 to 4.1 mm, which is its minimum dimension h6 in the depth direction.

[0118] The central cylindrical portion 8 has a depth of 2 mm and a diameter of 18 mm.

[0119] Due to the circumferential angled edge portion 12, the back surface 10 has a smaller diameter than the central cylindrical portion 8, thus providing a frustum shape. The depth of the back surface is 0.6 mm. (Refer to...) Figure 6 The angle A formed by the inclined edge portion 12 and the circular back surface of the middle cylindrical portion 8 is 30 degrees.

[0120] The back of the tablet is essentially flat. One or more indentations may be provided, for example, in the shape of a trademark. In one example, the back 10 is provided with eight cylindrical indentations, each having a depth of 0.2 mm and a diameter ranging from 0.8 mm to 1.7 mm.

[0121] The maximum depth h2 of tablet 2 is the sum of the maximum depth of the front side 4 (2.5 mm), the depth of the middle cylindrical portion 8 (2 mm), and the depth of the back side 10 (0.6 mm).

[0122] In this embodiment, the minimum dimension h6 of the tablet in the depth direction is approximately 80% of the maximum dimension h2 of the tablet in the depth direction.

[0123] Moreover, refer to Figure 3 The maximum dimension d6 of the indentation in the direction perpendicular to the depth direction is 9 mm (its diameter), which is 50% of the dimension d4 of the tablet in the same direction (its diameter is 18 mm).

[0124] The geometry of the tablets used in this embodiment, namely the new ZIMA DENTAL™ tablets, will be described in further detail below and compared with the geometry of the older ZIMA DENTAL™ tablets.

[0125] The volume of the new ZIMA DENTAL™ tablets (shape A) For this calculation purpose, shape A was separated into 3 different shapes; - A curved minor segment (crown) of a sphere with concave depressions or pits. -cylinder - Frustum (bottom part) Crown volume Reference Figure 7The volume of the crown is calculated as follows: assuming the crown is a small segment of the first sphere, the depression is generated by removing a small segment of the second sphere from the small segment of the first sphere.

[0126] The volume of the crown is equal to the volume of the larger segment of the first sphere minus the volume of the smaller segment of the first sphere minus the volume of the smaller segment of the second sphere. R = radius of the sphere (mm) C = chord length of segment (mm) H = Section height (mm) Where C = 18 mm, H = 3.5 mm H = 2.5 + 0.5 (the theoretical height of the sphere).

[0127] For this calculation, we assume the height of the smaller segment is 0.5 mm (i.e., the location of the indentation). This assumption is reasonable considering the distance between the chord lengths is 2.5 mm.

[0128] The volume of the larger segment (the first sphere):

[0129]

[0130]

[0131]

[0132] The volume of the smaller segment (the first sphere):

[0133] The volume of the concave area (second sphere): Where C = 9 mm, H = 1 mm

[0134]

[0135]

[0136]

[0137] Volume of the crown (top portion):

[0138] Volume of the cylinder (middle section): Where H = 2 mm, R = 9 mm

[0139]

[0140]

[0141] Volume of the frustum of a cone (base portion) where R1 = 9 mm, H = 0.6 mm, θ = 30°

[0142] The horizontal distance (d) between conical surfaces R1 and R2 is as follows:

[0143]

[0144]

[0145]

[0146] Total volume of tablet A

[0147] The surface area of ​​the new ZIMA DENTAL™ tablets (shape A) Crown surface area The surface area of ​​the crown is equal to the surface area of ​​the larger segment of the first sphere minus the surface area of ​​the smaller segment of the first sphere plus the surface area of ​​the smaller segment of the second sphere.

[0148]

[0149] Surface area of ​​the larger section (first sphere):

[0150] Surface area of ​​the smaller segment (first sphere):

[0151] The surface area of ​​the concave area (second sphere):

[0152] Surface area of ​​the crown (top portion):

[0153] Surface area of ​​the cylinder (middle section):

[0154]

[0155] Surface area of ​​the frustum of a cone (base portion)

[0156]

[0157] Where L is the side length;

[0158]

[0159]

[0160] therefore

[0161] Total surface area of ​​tablet of shape A

[0162] Surface area to volume ratio of shape A tablet

[0163] Volume of the old ZIMA DENTAL™ tablets (shape B) Reference Figure 8 and Figure 9 The tablet's dimensions are as follows: Tablet height = 5.082 mm Tablet diameter BD1 = 23 mm Tablet facet diameter BD2 = 19.268 mm Volume of shape B For this calculation purpose, shape B was separated into 3 different shapes; - A frustum or conical platform with a height BH1 = 0.5 mm (“Frustum 1”) - A cylinder with a height BH2 = 4 mm - A frustum or conical platform with a height BH3 = 0.582 mm (“Frustum 2”) Volume of a cylinder

[0164]

[0165]

[0166] Volume of a frustum

[0167] Where a = radius of the larger face, b = radius of the smaller face, and h = height of the frustum.

[0168]

[0169] Total volume of shape B tablets

[0170] Surface area of ​​the old ZIMA DENTAL™ tablets (shape B) The surface area here is equal to the lateral surface area of ​​the cylinder plus the surface area of ​​the frustum of the cone.

[0171] Surface area of ​​a cylinder

[0172]

[0173] Surface area of ​​frustum Frustum 1 (H = 0.5)

[0174]

[0175] Where L is the side length;

[0176]

[0177]

[0178] Frustum 2 (H = 0.582)

[0179]

[0180] Where L is the side length;

[0181]

[0182]

[0183]

[0184] Total surface area of ​​shape B tablets

[0185] Surface area to volume ratio of shape B tablets

[0186] These calculations show that shape A has a larger surface area to volume ratio (0.684 / m²) than shape B (0.553 / m²). The new ZIMA DENTAL™ tablets have a surface area to volume ratio that is more than 20% higher than that of the old ZIMA DENTAL™ tablets.

[0187] Table A below shows examples of effervescent cleaning compositions for tablets of the present invention. Their compositions are compared with those of two prior art cleaning tablets.

[0188] Table A

[0189] The inventors have discovered that by providing a reduced concentration of soluble solids in effervescent tablets, the solution density can be lower than that provided by tablets of the prior art, which can promote cavitation during ultrasonic cleaning.

[0190] Furthermore, the bubbles generated by the effervescent system lower the threshold for cavitation bubble formation during ultrasonic cleaning. This improves the cleaning effect.

[0191] In this respect, the present invention aims to promote the formation of low-energy bubbles rather than the production of larger, higher-energy bubbles, because it has been found that low-energy bubbles provide a more thorough cleaning effect for fragile oral instruments.

[0192] The older ZIMA DENTAL™ tablets contained the surfactant sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS). The tablets of this invention contain the surfactant disodium cocoyl glutamate. RETAINER FRESH™ tablets contain the surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) (also known as SLS – sodium lauryl sulfate). Surfactants reduce the water tension of the solution, which is important for enhancing ultrasonic cleaning performance.

[0193] 5% sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is a high-foaming surfactant that produces dense and stable foam, making it significantly easier to over-foam compared to 1.2% sodium dodecyl sulfate (also a high-foaming agent, but producing slightly less foam at this lower concentration).

[0194] In contrast, the 2% disodium cocoyl glutamate in the tablets of this invention is a much milder surfactant that produces moderate and softer foam that dissipates more quickly and generates less foam overall. The inventors have found that in ultrasonic cleaning, excessive foam, particularly from high-foaming agents such as SDBS or SDS, can interfere with the process by weakening sound waves, reducing cavitation bubble formation, and hindering cleaning action, while disodium cocoyl glutamate, as a low-foaming agent, is less likely to cause such problems.

[0195] Disodium cocoyl glutamate is a surfactant derived from coconut oil, used for its cleaning properties, helping to break down and remove debris. The effervescent cleaning composition of the present invention may include 0.7 to 2.5 wt% of this ingredient.

[0196] The oxidizing agent used, sodium percarbonate, releases hydrogen peroxide when dissolved in water, which helps remove stains and disinfect. Ultrasound helps to evenly distribute the peroxide throughout the cleaning solution, ensuring that all areas of the oral appliance are exposed to the peroxide, a common problem due to the complex structure of oral appliances. The effervescent cleaning composition of the present invention may include 12 to 22 wt% of this ingredient.

[0197] Sodium bicarbonate acts as a mild abrasive, providing physical cleaning and neutralizing acids produced by bacteria in the mouth, thus maintaining a essentially neutral pH. This abrasive cleaning action works in conjunction with ultrasonic cleaning. The effervescent cleaning composition of the present invention may include 18 to 28 wt% of this ingredient.

[0198] Sodium carbonate helps remove stains and acts as a buffer to neutralize citric acid, maintaining the desired pH level, typically neutral or slightly alkaline, such as pH 7 to 9. The effervescent cleaning compositions of the present invention may include 12 to 22 wt% of this ingredient.

[0199] Citric acid acts as a chelating agent, binding with calcium and other minerals to more easily remove plaque and tartar. Citric acid is also part of the effervescent system, helping to evenly distribute the cleaning agent. The effervescent cleaning composition of the present invention may include 22 to 32 wt% of this ingredient.

[0200] Sodium sulfate is commonly used as a filler, but it also helps tablets dissolve and release the active ingredient more effectively. The effervescent cleaning compositions of the present invention may include 3 to 9 wt% of this ingredient.

[0201] Potassium sulfate is commonly used as a filler or stabilizer. The effervescent cleaning composition of the present invention may include 2 to 9 wt% potassium sulfate.

[0202] These water softeners (sodium sulfate and potassium sulfate) prevent mineral deposits from reducing the efficiency of surfactants and oxidants.

[0203] Peppermint oil provides a pleasant taste and aroma, and also has mild preservative properties. Ultrasonication ensures the flavor is evenly distributed throughout the solution. The effervescent cleaning composition of the present invention may include 0.1 to 1.0 wt% of this ingredient.

[0204] Maltodextrin binds tablets together but dissolves rapidly in water. The effervescent cleaning compositions of the present invention may include 8 to 18 wt% of this ingredient.

[0205] Sodium percarbonate releases hydrogen peroxide when dissolved in water, an effective bleaching agent. Citric acid lowers the pH of the solution, helping to stabilize the hydrogen peroxide and allowing it to work more effectively before breaking down into water and oxygen.

[0206] Sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate react with citric acid to produce carbon dioxide gas, triggering the effervescence of the tablets. This effervescence helps to mechanically remove debris from orthodontic appliances.

[0207] Compared to existing tablets, the effervescent cleaning composition of the present invention provides a weaker solution (lower concentration) and lower surface tension, promoting larger cavitation bubbles even when using one or more lower concentrations of surfactants. It will be understood that the tablets of the present invention weigh significantly less than the older ZIMA DENTAL™ tablets, yet still possess increased effervescence, which also enhances cavitation.

[0208] Furthermore, compared to existing effervescent tablets, the presence of depressions on the tablet enhances the cleaning of oral instruments in ultrasonic cleaning devices by providing orifices in the tablet when it dissolves, by concentrating the flow of air bubbles, and by increasing the surface area to volume ratio of the tablet.

[0209] This was demonstrated by the following examples and comparative examples, which investigated how different tablets (older ZIMA DENTAL™ tablets and newer ZIMA DENTAL™ tablets) affected the ultrasonic cleaning frequency in ultrasonic cleaning equipment.

[0210] Using a hydrophone, the fundamental frequency (F0) was measured under four conditions: (1) ultrasonic cleaning equipment only; (2) ultrasonic cleaning equipment and older tablets; (3) ultrasonic cleaning equipment and newer tablets; and (4) newer tablets only, i.e., no ultrasound was applied.

[0211] When using tablets, place them vertically below the hydrophone at the start time.

[0212] Separate testing of the ultrasonic cleaning equipment and the new tablets provided important baseline readings and confirmed, for example, that the new tablets themselves do not generate their own measurable ultrasonic activity.

[0213] The table below lists the fundamental frequency F0 (kHz) experienced by the hydrophone at approximately 10-second intervals during the application of ultrasound in an ultrasonic cleaning device. Oral instruments being cleaned in an ultrasonic cleaning device may experience a similar fundamental frequency.

[0214] Table 1

[0215] Table 2

[0216] Table 3

[0217] Table 4

[0218] Experimental conditions The experiment was conducted using the Zima Dental™ Dental Pod ultrasonic device, with frequency measurements performed using the OndoSonics™ HCT-0320 hydrophone, in conjunction with an OndaSonics™ MCT-2000 acoustic cavitation meter (from Onda Inc., USA).

[0219] System Information Instrument Model: MCT-2000 Instrument_S / N0112 Firmware Version: 0.2.20 Hydrophone SN: HCT-0320-1374 Calibration - Date: 2024-04-02 Match_Gain: Disabled Match_gain_filename: N / A Frequency detection: Disabled Records_Information Mode: LOG Log - Time: 99 sec Log - Rate: 1 / 10 sec Average time: 2 sec Save_Spectrum: Yes Save Waveform: No Statistical test A two-sample t-test was used to verify that any observed differences were real. For example, this test compared the mean fundamental frequency F0 of the experiments in Table 2 with the mean fundamental frequency F0 of the experiments in Table 3. This test takes into account the degree of variability (its standard deviation) of measurements within each group. Since the baseline readings (Tables 1 and 4) differed significantly from the readings in Tables 2 and 3, this strengthened the conclusion that the new tablets drove the change in ultrasound frequency. The t-test results showed that the difference between the frequencies of the old and new tablets was large enough—and the variability within each group was small enough—to be statistically significant.

[0220] significance Since only the new tablets did not show ultrasonic activity (Table 4), and only the ultrasonic cleaning equipment had a significantly different frequency range (Table 1), it is clear that the new tablets altered the ultrasonic behavior rather than generating ultrasonic signals themselves.

[0221] Statistically, the new tablets significantly altered the operating frequency of the ultrasonic cleaning equipment. Table 3 shows that the new tablets can increase the fundamental frequency from 42.7 kHz to over 128 kHz, and this approximately 300% increase is maintained for over 80 seconds. During the experiment, the average frequency was 102.6 Hz, and the fundamental frequency increased by approximately 240% over a 100-second test. In contrast, Table 2 shows that while the old tablets could also increase the fundamental frequency from 42.7 kHz to 86 kHz, this increase was maintained for over 10 seconds before falling back to the baseline fundamental frequency of around 42.7 kHz.

[0222] Although both tablets modulate the frequency, the new tablet has a superior modulation effect, raising the base frequency by approximately 300% and significantly maintaining this effect over a period of time (such as the cleaning cycles listed in this article, which typically last for several minutes).

[0223] This superior modulation effect is a result of the performance of the new tablet. As mentioned above, the presence of depressions on the tablet surface increases the surface area, allowing the tablet to dissolve inward, improving its stability and creating pores to release air bubbles. The concentrated, rising stream of air bubbles envelops the oral instrument (or, in this experiment, the hydrophone), and the ultrasound waves are modulated by the presence of these bubbles, thus thoroughly cleaning the oral instrument.

[0224] While older tablets also induce frequency modulation, this is less effective because they cannot provide such a large volume of bubbles. Furthermore, consistent with other prior art effervescent cleaning tablets, older tablets exhibit unstable positioning (they tend to float back and forth in the liquid). Therefore, existing technologies cannot achieve the superior cleaning performance provided by the tablets of this invention.

[0225] Another embodiment of the effervescent cleaning composition of the tablets of the present invention is shown in Table 5 below: Table 5

[0226] This composition includes potassium sorbate to extend shelf life and ensure that the product's performance remains stable from production to consumer use. Potassium sorbate inhibits the growth of bacteria and mold, preventing tablets from clumping and developing off-odors during storage.

[0227] The invention is further described by the following numbered clauses.

[0228] Invention Clauses 1. An effervescent cleaning composition in tablet form for cleaning dental appliances in an ultrasonic cleaning device, The tablet has a first surface and a second surface, which are opposite to each other in the depth direction of the tablet. The first surface has a recess. Wherein, the recess provides the tablet with a minimum dimension in the depth direction that is 50% to 90% of the tablet's maximum dimension in the depth direction, and Wherein, the maximum size of the indentation in the direction perpendicular to the depth direction is 30 to 70% of the maximum size of the tablet in the same direction perpendicular to the depth direction.

[0229] 2. The effervescent cleaning composition in tablet form listed in Clause 1, wherein the minimum size of the tablet in the depth direction is 70 to 90% of the maximum size of the tablet in the depth direction.

[0230] 3. An effervescent cleaning composition in tablet form as listed in Clause 1 or Clause 2, wherein the maximum size of the indentation in the direction perpendicular to the depth direction is 40 to 60% of the maximum size of the tablet in the same direction, i.e., in the direction perpendicular to the depth direction.

[0231] 4. An effervescent cleaning composition in tablet form listed in any of the preceding clauses, wherein the recess is substantially centrally located on the first surface of the tablet.

[0232] 5. The effervescent cleaning composition in tablet form listed in any of the preceding clauses, wherein the recess is concave.

[0233] 6. The effervescent cleaning composition in tablet form listed in any of the preceding clauses, wherein the recess is circular in a plan view.

[0234] 7. An effervescent cleaning composition in tablet form listed in any of the preceding clauses, wherein the first surface has a crown shape in which a recess is provided.

[0235] 8. An effervescent cleaning composition in tablet form listed in any of the preceding clauses, wherein the recess has a crown shape.

[0236] 9. An effervescent cleaning composition in tablet form listed in any of the preceding clauses, wherein the second side of the tablet is substantially planar.

[0237] 10. An effervescent cleaning composition in tablet form as listed in any of the preceding clauses, wherein the tablet has a weight range of 1 to 2 g.

[0238] 11. An effervescent cleaning composition in tablet form listed in any of the preceding clauses, wherein the tablet has a surface area to volume ratio greater than 0.6 / m².

[0239] 12. An effervescent cleaning composition in tablet form listed in any of the preceding clauses, wherein the composition comprises at least one oxidant, at least one surfactant, and an effervescent agent.

[0240] 13. The effervescent cleaning composition in tablet form as listed in Clause 12, wherein the composition comprises 60 to 75 wt% of an effervescent agent.

[0241] 14. An effervescent cleaning composition in tablet form as listed in Clause 12 or Clause 13, wherein the effervescent agent comprises at least one organic carboxylic acid and at least one alkali metal carbonate or alkali metal bicarbonate.

[0242] 15. An effervescent cleaning composition in tablet form listed in any of the preceding clauses, wherein the composition comprises 0.7 to 2.5 wt% disodium cocoyl glutamate as a surfactant.

[0243] 16. An effervescent cleaning composition in tablet form listed in any of the preceding clauses, wherein the tablet is adapted to dissolve in water, and wherein the tablet is configured such that, when dissolved in use, the tablet forms a pore in the depth direction at the recessed location.

[0244] 17. The use of the effervescent cleaning composition in tablet form listed in any of the preceding clauses for cleaning dental appliances in an ultrasonic cleaning device.

[0245] 18. The effervescent cleaning composition and ultrasonic cleaning device in tablet form listed in any one of Clauses 1 to 16, wherein the device includes a reservoir and an ultrasonic transducer that transmits ultrasonic waves to the tablet and liquid within the reservoir.

[0246] 19. A method for ultrasonic cleaning of an orthodontic appliance using an effervescent cleaning composition in tablet form listed in any one of clauses 1 to 16 and an ultrasonic cleaning device, the method comprising: Introducing the tablet, liquid, and one or more orthodontic appliances into the ultrasonic cleaning device; driving the ultrasonic transducer of the ultrasonic cleaning device; and The liquid is vibrated using ultrasound, and the tablets are dissolved in the liquid to clean the orthodontic appliance.

[0247] 20. A method for ultrasonic cleaning of an orthodontic appliance using an effervescent cleaning composition in tablet form listed in any one of clauses 1 to 16 and an ultrasonic cleaning device, the method comprising: Liquid and one or more orthodontic appliances are introduced into the ultrasonic cleaning device. The ultrasonic transducer of the ultrasonic cleaning device is driven for a first time period. During the first time period, the liquid is vibrated using ultrasound to clean the orthodontic appliance. The tablet is added to the liquid in the ultrasonic cleaning device after the first time period. The second time period for driving the ultrasonic transducer of the ultrasonic cleaning device, and While the tablet is dissolved in the liquid, ultrasound is used during the second time period to vibrate the liquid to clean the or each dental appliance.

[0248] 21. The ultrasonic cleaning method according to Clause 20, wherein, substantially simultaneously with the addition of the tablet to the liquid, the ultrasonic transducer of the ultrasonic cleaning device is driven for a second time period.

[0249] 22. The ultrasonic cleaning method listed in Clause 20 or Clause 21, wherein the first time period and the second time period are each 1 to 5 minutes long, preferably 2 to 3 minutes long.

Claims

1. Use of an effervescent agent in the manufacture of a cleaning composition for increasing the ultrasonic frequency experienced by one or more objects to be cleaned in a liquid in an ultrasonic cleaning apparatus.

2. Use according to claim 1, wherein, The cleaning composition further comprises at least one oxidizing agent and at least one surfactant.

3. Use according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The cleaning composition comprises 60 to 75 wt% of the effervescent agent.

4. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The effervescent agent comprises at least one organic carboxylic acid and at least one alkali metal carbonate or bicarbonate.

5. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The composition comprises 0.7 to 2.5 wt% of disodium coco-yl glutamate as surfactant.

6. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The or each object to be cleaned is an oral appliance.

7. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The liquid and one or more objects to be cleaned are introduced into the ultrasonic cleaning apparatus, an ultrasonic transducer of the ultrasonic cleaning apparatus is driven for a first time period during which the liquid is agitated with ultrasonic waves to clean the or each object, after the first time period the cleaning composition is added to the liquid in the ultrasonic cleaning apparatus, the ultrasonic transducer of the ultrasonic cleaning apparatus is driven for a second time period, and during the second time period the liquid is agitated with ultrasonic waves while the cleaning composition is dissolved in the liquid to clean the or each object.

8. The ultrasonic cleaning method of claim 7, wherein, The ultrasonic transducer of the ultrasonic cleaning apparatus is driven for a second time period substantially simultaneously with the addition of the cleaning composition to the liquid.

9. Use according to claim 7 or 8, wherein, The first time period and the second time period are each 1 to 5 minutes long, preferably 2 to 3 minutes long.

10. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The cleaning composition is in the form of a tablet.

11. Use according to claim 10, wherein, The tablet is configured such that upon dissolution of the tablet in use, the tablet forms an orifice in a depth direction.

12. The use according to claim 10 or claim 11, wherein, The tablet has a weight in the range of 1 to 2 g.

13. Use according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein, The tablet has a surface to volume ratio of more than 0.6 / m.

14. The use according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein, The tablet has a first face and a second face, the first face and the second face being opposite to each other in a depth direction of the tablet, wherein the first face is provided with a recess, wherein the recess provides a minimum dimension of the tablet in the depth direction which is 50 to 90% of a maximum dimension of the tablet in the depth direction, and wherein a maximum dimension of the recess in a direction perpendicular to the depth direction is 30 to 70% of a maximum dimension of the tablet in the same direction, i.e. in the direction perpendicular to the depth direction.

15. Use according to claim 14, wherein, The minimum dimension of the tablet in the depth direction is 70 to 90% of the maximum dimension of the tablet in the depth direction.

16. The use of claim 14 or claim 15, wherein, The maximum dimension of the recess in the direction perpendicular to the depth direction is 40 to 60% of the maximum dimension of the tablet in the same direction, i.e. in the direction perpendicular to the depth direction.

17. The use according to any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein, The recess is located substantially centrally on the first face of the tablet.

18. The use according to any one of claims 14 to 17, wherein, The recess is concave.

19. Use according to any one of claims 14 to 18, wherein, The recess is circular in a plan view.

20. The use according to any one of claims 14 to 19, wherein, The first face has the shape of a spherical cap with the recess provided therein.

21. The use according to any one of claims 14 to 20, wherein, The recess has the shape of a spherical cap.

22. The use according to any one of claims 14 to 21, wherein, The second face of the tablet is substantially planar.

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