Lentinula edodes strain with the strain name of xiang 1, and application and cultivation method thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of Lentinula edodes breeding, and specifically discloses a new Lentinula edodes strain Suxiang No. 1 and an application and cultivation method thereof. The Suxiang No. 1 strain is obtained by crossing and breeding of KJXQ7 and QXK607, and has a preservation number of CCTCC NO: M 20252774. Compared with conventional Lentinula edodes, the Suxiang No. 1 strain has a very short mycelium age of about 80 days, meets the needs of factory production of Lentinula edodes, has a small number of mushroom rods, a heavy weight of single mushroom, high commodity value, a slow expansion of a cap under a low-temperature condition, a slow exposure of gills, and a slow collection of spores under a high-temperature condition, and the spores cannot germinate, and have high scientific research value in the research of sexual reproduction of Lentinula edodes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of shiitake mushroom breeding technology, specifically involving a new shiitake mushroom strain, Sui Xiang No. 1, and its application and cultivation method. Background Technology

[0002] mushroom( Lentinula edodes Also known as shiitake mushroom, winter mushroom, etc., it is a famous edible fungus, known worldwide for its unique flavor and rich nutrition and bioactive substances.

[0003] Shiitake mushrooms have one of the longest cultivation cycles among major cultivated edible fungi, with traditional varieties having a mycelial age of over 120 days. This excessively long cultivation cycle leads to problems such as high energy consumption and low turnover rate of cultivation rooms in industrialized shiitake mushroom cultivation. Short-mushroom-age shiitake mushroom varieties are currently the primary target for breeding units and the most pressing variety demand for mushroom spawn production enterprises. If new shiitake mushroom varieties with short mycelial ages can be bred by combining existing varieties, it will play a significant role in the industrialized cultivation of shiitake mushrooms.

[0004] During the maturation of shiitake mushroom fruiting bodies, the cap initially curls inward and adheres tightly to the stipe, gradually unfolding and separating from the stipe, with spores produced in the gills. The slower the cap unfolds, the thicker and denser the fruiting body, resulting in a better taste. Currently, existing technology has not yet bred shiitake mushroom varieties that exhibit the property of not unfolding the cap under low temperatures and slowly unfolding it under high temperatures. If new shiitake mushroom varieties can be bred by combining existing varieties to obtain strains with caps that do not unfold at low temperatures and unfold slowly at high temperatures, fruiting bodies with large cap diameters, heavy individual mushroom weights, and thick flesh can be obtained, better meeting the requirements for fresh sales or processing, thus possessing broad market and commercial value, while also providing more choices for shiitake mushroom germplasm.

[0005] Shiitake mushrooms belong to the tetrapolar heterothallic basidiomycetes. Their life cycle begins with the germination of basidiospores to form monokaryotic hyphae. Compatible monokaryotic hyphae interbreed to form dikaryotic hyphae. After growth and development, the dikaryotic hyphae constrict to form primordia, which develop into mushroom buds and mature fruiting bodies. A new generation of basidiospores is then produced from the gills of the fruiting body. Basidiospores play a central and initiating role in the development and entire life cycle of shiitake mushrooms, serving as the starting point for sexual reproduction and the source of genetic diversity. Shiitake mushroom strains that do not produce spores under low-temperature conditions can effectively avoid the problem of excessively high particulate matter concentrations in the environment caused by spore dispersal, reducing respiratory allergic reactions in operators. Shiitake mushroom strains that are capable of spore production under high-temperature conditions but whose spores cannot germinate are extremely valuable research materials for the study of sexual reproduction in shiitake mushrooms. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned need to develop shiitake mushrooms with high commercial value and scientific research value, the present invention provides a new shiitake mushroom strain, Sui Xiang No. 1, which has the value of promotion and application as well as scientific research.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] The Sui Xiang No. 1 strain was bred through hybridization and selection using "Jiu Xiang Qiu 7" and "Qiu Xiang 607" as parents, and its classification name is Shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes). Lentinula edodes It belongs to edible fungi and is deposited at the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) with accession number CCTCC NO:M 20252774, deposit date December 3, 2025, and deposit address Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.

[0009] Compared with conventional shiitake mushrooms, the *Sui Xiang No. 1* variety has an extremely short mycelial age of approximately 80 days, meeting the needs of industrialized shiitake mushroom production. The number of mushrooms produced per log is relatively small, but the individual mushrooms are heavy, facilitating harvesting and resulting in high marketability. Under low-temperature conditions (5-15℃), the caps of the fruiting bodies do not unfold, the gills are not exposed, and spores cannot be collected. Under high-temperature conditions (above 15℃), the caps slowly unfold, the gills are exposed, and spores can be collected, but the spores cannot germinate. This variety has high scientific research value in the study of sexual reproduction in shiitake mushrooms.

[0010] The present invention also includes the shiitake mushroom ( Lentinula edodes ) Spores, mononuclear bodies, mycelia, and fruiting bodies obtained from strain 1.

[0011] The present invention also includes the shiitake mushroom ( Lentinula edodes Application of strain Suixiang No. 1 as a parent in hybridization breeding.

[0012] The present invention also includes the shiitake mushroom ( Lentinula edodes Application of strain 1 (Symptoms of Xiang No. 1) in food processing.

[0013] The present invention also includes the shiitake mushroom ( Lentinula edodes Application of strain No. 1 in agricultural planting.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. Compared with existing shiitake mushroom strains, Suixiang No. 1 has a shorter mycelial age, which better meets the needs of industrialized cultivation.

[0016] 2. Compared with existing shiitake mushroom strains, Suixiang No. 1 has a larger cap diameter, heavier individual mushroom weight, and thicker flesh, making it more commercially viable for fresh sales or processing.

[0017] 3. Suixiang No. 1 does not produce spores under low temperature conditions, which can effectively reduce respiratory allergic reactions of operators caused by excessive concentration of particulate matter in the environment due to spore diffusion.

[0018] 4. Suixiang No. 1 has the ability to produce spores under high temperature conditions, but the spores cannot germinate, making it a valuable research material for the study of sexual reproduction of shiitake mushrooms. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Picture 1 This is a picture of the growth and fruiting of strain 1 and its parent on the mushroom stick.

[0020] Picture 2 Comparison of the cap and gills of the fruiting bodies of strain Suixiang No. 1 and its parent.

[0021] Picture 3 This is a cross-sectional comparison diagram of strain 1 and its parent fruiting body.

[0022] Picture 4 This is a comparison of the spore prints and spore germination of Suixiang No. 1 and its parent.

[0023] Picture 5 This is a diagram showing the fruiting population of strain 1 Suixiang on the substrate. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Example 1: Selection and characteristics of Shiitake mushroom strain Suixiang No. 1

[0025] mushroom( Lentinula edodes The strain Suixiang No. 1 was bred through hybridization of "Jiuxiangqiu 7" and "Qiuxiang 607" as parents. The specific breeding method is as follows:

[0026] In 2016, bag cultivation was conducted on 'Jiuxiangqiu 7' and 'Qiuxiang 607' varieties. Spores were collected from round, disease-free fruiting bodies. Monokaryotic mycelia isolated from single spores were inoculated onto PDA plates and cultured for 10 days. Mycelia were then examined under a microscope; those without clamp connections were considered monokaryotic. Throughout this process, 32 and 37 monokaryotic strains were selected for 'Jiuxiangqiu 7' and 'Qiuxiang 607', respectively. These monokaryotic strains were screened on PDA plates, and 20 of the fastest-growing monokaryotic strains from each variety were selected for single-single hybridization. The number of hybridization combinations was 400, resulting in 75 hybrid strains. These hybrid strains were then initially screened on PDA plates, retaining 41 hybrid strains with relatively fast growth and good vigor. These 41 hybrid strains were then further screened using sawdust test tubes, eliminating 23 strains with poor or slow mycelial absorption. The remaining 18 strains were used for autumn cultivation experiments using long-log substrate. During cultivation, it was found that one strain exhibited an extremely short mycelial age, approximately 80 days; fewer fruiting bodies were produced from the substrate, but each fruiting body was heavy; the cap of the fruiting body did not unfold under low-temperature conditions (5-15℃), with the gills remaining enclosed within the cap and no spores produced; under high-temperature conditions (above 15℃), the cap of the fruiting body unfolded slowly, and the gills became visible. After years of repeated cultivation, its characteristic traits remained stable, and it was named "Suixiang No. 1".

[0027] Depend on Picture 1 It is evident that, compared to its parents "Jiuxiangqiu 7" and "Qiuxiang 607", Suixiang 1 has a larger single mushroom volume; Picture 2 and Picture 3 It is evident that the cap of Suixiang No. 1 is larger in diameter and thicker in flesh. Under low temperature conditions (5-15℃), the cap of the fruiting body does not unfold and the gills are not exposed, making it impossible to collect spores. Picture 4 The results show the spore prints and spore germination of Suixiang No. 1 and its parent. When the fruiting temperature is above 15℃, Suixiang No. 1 produces spores, but the spores cannot germinate. The spores of Jiuxiangqiu 7 and Qiuxiang 607 germinate normally.

[0028] In this embodiment, one shiitake mushroom ( ) was selected. Lentinula edodes The strain Sui Xiang 1 was deposited at the China Center for Type Culture Collection on December 3, 2025, with accession number CCTCC NO:M 20252774 and deposit address: Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.

[0029] Example 2: Cultivation and application of Suixiang No. 1 strain

[0030] mushroom( Lentinula edodes The strain "Sui Xiang No. 1" performed well in the autumn cultivation of shiitake mushrooms. Its short mycelial age allows for delayed bag making, reducing the mycelial temperature control cultivation period and lowering energy consumption for temperature control. Its cultivation application methods are as follows:

[0031] 1. Cultivation season: The time for making mushroom bags for the shiitake mushroom strain No. 1 is delayed by one month compared to other varieties, and it is suitable to make bags in September.

[0032] 2. Material preparation: Prepare the main material, sawdust (broadleaf wood sawdust, oak sawdust is preferred) and auxiliary materials, including bran and gypsum (branch must be fresh, free from mold and insects, and gypsum must be pure white, smooth and free of impurities).

[0033] 3. Mixing: Accurately weigh each raw material according to the formula of 79% sawdust, 20% wheat bran, and 1% gypsum (adjustments can be made depending on the circumstances). Add the main materials first and then the auxiliary materials to the mixer and mix them evenly. The moisture content of the culture medium should be controlled at 50%-55%.

[0034] 4. Bagging and Sterilization: Bagging and sealing machines are used to make the mushroom sticks. Before sterilization, check whether the plastic bags are intact. If there is any damage, tape should be used to cover it. Atmospheric pressure sterilization requires sterilization at a sterilization temperature (90℃-100℃) for more than 12 hours, and high pressure sterilization requires sterilization at a sterilization temperature (115℃-126℃) for about 4 hours. At the same time, in order to prevent the mushroom sticks from swelling during sterilization, 1-2 ventilation holes should be made on the mushroom sticks before high pressure sterilization, and ventilation tape should be attached to the ventilation holes.

[0035] 5. Cooling Inoculation: Move the sterilized bags to the cooling room and inoculate after the material temperature drops below 30℃. Disinfect and clean the inoculation space, materials, and tools before inoculation. During inoculation, use a punch to create inoculation holes in the bag, inoculate the spawn into the holes, and press firmly. After inoculation, seal the inoculation holes with a bag cover or tape.

[0036] 6. Mycelial Cultivation: Before transferring the inoculated mycelial logs to the cultivation room, the room must be cleaned and prepared, and then fumigated or disinfected with ultraviolet light. After the logs are transferred, the temperature of the cultivation room should be controlled below 23℃, the CO2 concentration below 3500 ppm, and the relative humidity below 60%. Regularly clean any logs contaminated with other microorganisms. After approximately 15 days of cultivation, remove the outer bag or tear off the sealing tape from the inoculation holes.

[0037] 7. Piercing holes on the shelf: After the mycelium of the mushroom logs has fully grown, transfer the mushroom logs to the shelf in the mushroom growing shed and pierce holes using a piercing machine.

[0038] 8. Removing the bag and changing color: When nodules appear on the surface of the mushroom sticks, the texture changes from hard to soft, and the mushroom bag separates from the mushroom sticks, remove the polyethylene outer bag of the mushroom sticks, leaving only a water-retaining film bag that is integrated with the mushroom sticks. After that, control the temperature and ventilation of the mushroom shed, and a brownish-brown film will gradually form on the surface of the mushroom sticks.

[0039] 9. Mushroom Management: After the mushroom logs mature, create temperature differences by controlling the opening and closing of the mushroom shed film to stimulate mushroom growth. When the mushroom buds grow to 1-2cm, use a knife to help some of the buds that have not yet broken through the water-retaining film to grow. Thin out overly dense buds. The temperature in the mushroom shed should be maintained at 5-15℃ during fruiting. After the first flush of mushrooms is harvested, allow the mycelium to grow under suitable conditions for 10-15 days. Then, use methods such as water injection, water tank soaking, or negative pressure water injection to replenish water and allow the mushroom logs to continue growing.

[0040] Following the above cultivation method, the cultivation traits of Suixiang No. 1 and six other shiitake mushroom strains were statistically analyzed in 2024-2025. Suixiang No. 1 showed a significantly shorter fruiting period, and its yield was not significantly different from the current main autumn-planted shiitake mushroom varieties. However, the number of mushrooms per log was significantly lower than other varieties, while the weight of a single mushroom was significantly higher. The fruiting population of Suixiang No. 1 is shown in the figure below. Picture 5 As shown in Table 1, the specific cultivation traits are statistically analyzed.

[0041] Table 1. Cultivation characteristics of different shiitake mushroom strains

[0042]

Claims

1. Shiitake mushrooms ( Lentinula edodes The strain Suixiang No. 1 is characterized by, The accession number is CCTCC NO:M20252774.

2. The application of the Shiitake mushroom strain No. 1 as described in claim 1 in food production.

3. The application of the Shiitake mushroom strain Suixiang No. 1 as described in claim 1 in the cultivation or breeding of Shiitake mushrooms.

4. Use according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the fruiting temperature is between 5-15℃, the cap of the fruiting body does not unfold and the gills are not exposed; when the fruiting temperature is above 15℃, the cap of the fruiting body unfolds, the gills are exposed, spores are produced, but the spores do not germinate.

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