Bearing clearance adjusting method and device, storage medium, processor and system

Abstract

The invention provides a bearing clearance adjusting method and device, a storage medium, a processor and a system. The bearing clearance adjusting device comprises a distance detection device which is located on a bearing and used for detecting the radial distance between a rolling body and an outer ring under the condition that the rolling body of the bearing is tightly attached to the inner ring of a main shaft; the analysis equipment is used for determining whether the clearance of the bearing is increased or not according to the radial distance; and the adjusting equipment is located on the outer ring of the bearing, and the adjusting equipment is used for carrying out pre-tightening operation on the outer ring of the bearing under the condition that the clearance of the bearing is increased, so that the clearance of the bearing is reduced, and the pre-tightening force is increased. According to the scheme, the problems that in the prior art, due to the fact that the bearing clearance is increased, the bearing stability is poor, and the operation efficiency and reliability of a wind turbine generator are low are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wind turbine main shaft bearing testing technology, specifically to a bearing clearance adjustment device, a bearing clearance adjustment method, an analysis device, a storage medium, a processor, a computer program product, and a bearing clearance adjustment system. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of science and technology, while continuing to use traditional energy sources, humanity is also actively developing renewable energy sources to gradually replace non-renewable fossil fuels. Among numerous new energy sources, solar and wind energy have attracted much attention due to their enormous development potential. Research shows that currently, globally exploitable wind energy resources account for only 0.1% of its total reserves, but this proportion is already more than ten times that of globally exploitable hydropower resources. As a major mode of wind energy utilization, wind power generation has significant advantages over solar, nuclear, and biomass power generation, not only because of its shorter power plant construction cycle but also because of its relatively less stringent requirements regarding geographical environment.

[0003] As the most competitive clean and renewable energy source, the wind power industry is developing rapidly around the world at an astonishing pace. By the end of 2022, the newly added grid-connected wind power capacity reached 37.63 GW, and the cumulative grid-connected capacity had reached 365 GW.

[0004] Bearings, as a critical fundamental component, play a crucial role in wind power equipment. Downtime caused by bearing failure accounts for a significant proportion of the total downtime of the entire unit, and is one of the main reasons affecting unit reliability. With the development and application of high-power models, the size, weight, and system complexity of bearing components are increasing, making the study of their failure mechanisms a global challenge in the manufacturing of long-life, high-reliability wind power equipment. The main shaft bearing of a wind turbine must withstand the powerful radial and axial forces transmitted by the impeller, requiring sufficient hardness, strength, and impact resistance, while minimizing defects to prevent premature fatigue. Furthermore, the main shaft bearing operates in a harsh environment, requiring a lifespan of 25 years or more.

[0005] When assembling tapered roller bearings for wind turbine main shafts, a one-time preload is typically used. This method has two inherent drawbacks. First, due to alternating loads, fretting wear, and lubrication deterioration, the bearing rollers, raceways, and cage gradually experience material spalling and surface fatigue, leading to irreversible decay of the preload. This results in increased bearing clearance and a gradual increase in vibration amplitude. The preload value usually needs to be balanced between "over-preload accelerating fatigue" and "under-preload reducing stiffness," making it unsuitable for varying operating conditions. Increased clearance not only affects bearing stability but also exacerbates vibration, leading to metal fatigue, bolt loosening, and even bearing seizure, severely impacting the operating efficiency and reliability of the wind turbine unit. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main objective of this application is to provide a bearing clearance adjustment device, a bearing clearance adjustment method, an analysis device, a storage medium, a processor, a computer program product, and a bearing clearance adjustment system, so as to at least solve the problem in the prior art that increased bearing clearance leads to poor bearing stability, resulting in low operating efficiency and reliability of wind turbine units.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of this application, a bearing clearance adjustment device is provided, comprising: a distance detection device located on the bearing, the distance detection device being used to detect the radial distance between the rolling elements of the bearing and the outer ring when the rolling elements are in close contact with the inner ring of the spindle; an analysis device being used to determine whether the bearing clearance has increased based on the radial distance; and an adjustment device located on the outer ring of the bearing, the adjustment device being used to preload the outer ring of the bearing when the bearing clearance has increased, thereby reducing the bearing clearance and increasing the preload force.

[0008] Optionally, the distance detection device is one of a displacement sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, and a magnetic sensor.

[0009] Optionally, the adjusting device can be one of a hydraulic mechanism, a pneumatic mechanism, or an electric actuator.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of this application, a method for adjusting bearing clearance is provided. This method is applied to the analysis equipment of any of the aforementioned bearing clearance adjustment devices. The method includes: obtaining the distance between the rolling element and the outer ring when the rolling element is in close contact with the inner ring of the spindle, thus obtaining a radial distance; determining whether the bearing clearance has increased based on the change in the radial distance; and, if the bearing clearance has increased, calculating the movement distance of the outer ring of the bearing, so that the adjustment device pre-tightens the outer ring based on the movement distance.

[0011] Optionally, determining whether the bearing clearance has increased based on the change in radial distance includes: obtaining the distance between the rolling element and the outer ring in a standard state when the rolling element is in close contact with the inner ring of the spindle, to obtain a standard radial distance; calculating the difference between the standard radial distance and the radial distance to obtain the change; determining that the bearing clearance has increased if the change is greater than or equal to a preset threshold; and determining that the bearing clearance has not increased if the change is less than the preset threshold.

[0012] Optionally, calculating the movement distance of the outer ring of the bearing includes: obtaining the large-end diameter, small-end diameter, and length of the rolling elements of the bearing, wherein the large-end diameter is the diameter of the widest end of the rolling element, and the small-end diameter is the diameter of the narrowest end of the rolling element; calculating the difference between the large-end diameter and the change to obtain a first calculation result; calculating the difference between the first calculation result and the small-end diameter to obtain a second calculation result; calculating the product of the length and the second calculation result to obtain a third calculation result; calculating the difference between the large-end diameter and the small-end diameter to obtain a fourth calculation result; calculating the quotient of the third calculation result and the fourth calculation result to obtain a fifth calculation result; calculating the difference between the length and the fifth calculation result to obtain a sixth calculation result; obtaining the contact angle, wherein the contact angle is the angle between the normal at the contact point between the rolling element and the raceway and the radial plane of the bearing; calculating the cosine value of the contact angle to obtain a seventh calculation result; and calculating the product of the sixth calculation result and the seventh calculation result to obtain the movement distance.

[0013] Optionally, after determining whether the bearing clearance has increased based on the change in radial distance, the method further includes: acquiring the bearing's temperature, vibration frequency, and material stress; forming a relevant parameter set by combining the change, temperature, vibration frequency, and material stress; acquiring an identification model, wherein the identification model is one of an SVM model, an RF model, and a CNN model; forming a training set by combining the historical relevant parameter set and the corresponding lifetime labels, and training the identification model using the training set to obtain a lifetime identification model, wherein the lifetime labels are the historical remaining lifetime of the bearing in the training set; inputting the relevant parameter set into the lifetime identification model to obtain the remaining lifetime corresponding to the relevant parameter set; and generating a warning message if the remaining lifetime is less than a preset lifetime threshold.

[0014] According to another aspect of this application, an analysis device is provided, which is the analysis device of any of the bearing clearance adjustment devices described above. The analysis device includes: a first acquisition unit, used to acquire the distance between the rolling element and the outer ring when the rolling element is in close contact with the inner ring of the spindle, to obtain a radial distance; a determination unit, used to determine whether the bearing clearance has increased based on the change in the radial distance; and a calculation unit, used to calculate the movement distance of the outer ring of the bearing when the bearing clearance has increased, so that the adjustment device pre-tightens the outer ring based on the movement distance.

[0015] According to another aspect of this application, a storage medium is provided, the storage medium including a stored program, wherein, when the program is executed, the device on which the storage medium is located is controlled to perform any of the aforementioned bearing clearance adjustment methods.

[0016] According to another aspect of this application, a processor is provided for running a program, wherein the program, when running, executes any of the aforementioned methods for adjusting bearing clearance.

[0017] According to another aspect of this application, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the methods for adjusting the bearing clearance.

[0018] According to another aspect of this application, a bearing clearance adjustment system is provided, comprising: one or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including methods for performing any of the aforementioned bearing clearance adjustment methods.

[0019] The technical solution of this application involves rolling elements between the inner and outer rings. When these rolling elements wear, their diameter decreases, leading to increased clearance and insufficient preload. In this solution, after the rolling elements wear down, the outer ring can be preloaded by adjusting the equipment to actively compensate for the wear. This allows the rolling elements to continue to adhere tightly to the inner and outer rings, reducing clearance and increasing preload, thus ensuring better bearing stability and improving the operating efficiency and reliability of the wind turbine. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall appearance of the shaft system is shown;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the shaft system is shown;

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the circumferential distribution of the sensors and hydraulic mechanism is provided.

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the sensor is shown;

[0025] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the hydraulic mechanism is shown;

[0026] Figure 6 A hardware structure block diagram of a mobile terminal for performing a method for adjusting bearing clearance according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0027] Figure 7 A schematic flowchart of a bearing clearance adjustment method according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0028] Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the rollers before and after wear is provided.

[0029] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of roller axial movement compensation for wear is shown;

[0030] Figure 10 A schematic diagram showing the relationship between the axial movement distance of the roller and wear is provided.

[0031] Figure 11 A structural block diagram of an analysis device provided according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0032] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0033] 102. Processor; 104. Memory; 106. Transmission equipment; 108. Input / output device; 10. Wind turbine main shaft; 11. Proximal tapered roller bearing; 12. Distal tapered roller bearing; 13. Bearing housing; 14. Distance detection equipment; 15. Hydraulic mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0034] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0035] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0036] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this application described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0037] The main shaft bearings of wind turbines must be fully monitored and adjusted during the service phase. Accurately compensating for the impact of wear and tear during operation is of great significance for improving the structural design level of wind turbines.

[0038] Tapered roller bearings are the most commonly used main shaft bearings in wind turbines. Their multi-directional load-bearing capacity, high reliability, and long lifespan directly determine the power generation efficiency and operational economy of wind turbines. Currently, most wind turbines use back-to-back tapered roller bearings as main bearings. These bearings can withstand large radial and axial loads, making them suitable for complex load environments, especially under high wind speeds and high loads. When two tapered roller bearings are used in combination, they can effectively distribute the axial and radial loads, improving the overall load-bearing capacity and ensuring the stability of the wind turbine generator.

[0039] When a wind turbine is running, the main shaft must withstand radial loads, axial loads, and overturning moments from the hub. The tapered raceway design of tapered roller bearings can efficiently distribute these two loads and moments simultaneously, avoiding the complex structure required by other bearing types that necessitate the addition of thrust bearings, thus saving space and reducing weight.

[0040] When assembling tapered roller bearings for wind turbine main shafts, a one-time preset preload is typically used. This method has two inherent drawbacks. Due to alternating loads, fretting wear, and lubrication deterioration, the rollers, raceways, and cages of the bearings gradually experience material spalling, surface fatigue, and other failure phenomena, leading to irreversible attenuation of the preload. This results in increased bearing clearance and a gradual increase in vibration amplitude. Typically, the preset value needs to be between "over-preload accelerates fatigue" and "insufficient preload reduces stiffness," which cannot adapt to the requirements of variable operating conditions.

[0041] The clearance of the tapered roller bearing in the main shaft is a critical parameter for the normal operation of a wind turbine. Excessive clearance can be caused by long-term wear, improper installation, temperature fluctuations, or lubrication failure. When the clearance increases, the contact between the rollers and the raceway becomes unstable, leading to abnormal vibration of the bearing during rotation. High-frequency vibration can be transmitted to components such as the gearbox and generator, accelerating metal fatigue and even causing bolt loosening or cracking, affecting their reliability.

[0042] Increased clearance can lead to poor contact between the rollers and raceways, increasing the proportion of sliding friction and causing localized high temperatures. If the grease oxidizes or leaks out at high temperatures, dry friction may occur, ultimately causing the bearing to seize.

[0043] With the rapid development of the wind power industry, while driving economic growth, it also places higher demands on system reliability and economy. Modern wind turbines are developing towards larger capacity and greater complexity, which inevitably leads to increased failure probability and operation and maintenance costs. At the same time, wind farms are increasingly located in remote areas, and the tower height of the turbines generally reaches tens or even hundreds of meters, causing great inconvenience to daily inspection and maintenance. Against this backdrop, how to effectively control maintenance costs, ensure stable operation of the turbines, and especially solve the problem of radial clearance expansion caused by bearing wear, has become a key issue for the industry. This will allow the bearings to maintain a stable working state, reduce premature damage caused by excessive movement or uneven load distribution due to excessive clearance, thereby extending the service life of the entire system, effectively reducing the number of failures, improving the reliability of wind turbines, and reducing wind farm operation and maintenance costs.

[0044] As described in the background section, increased bearing clearance in the prior art leads to poor bearing stability, resulting in lower operating efficiency and reliability of wind turbine units. To address the above problems, embodiments of this application provide a bearing clearance adjustment device, a bearing clearance adjustment method, an analysis device, a storage medium, a processor, a computer program product, and a bearing clearance adjustment system.

[0045] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0046] This application provides a bearing clearance adjustment device, comprising:

[0047] A distance detection device is located on the bearing. The distance detection device is used to detect the radial distance between the rolling elements of the bearing and the outer ring when the rolling elements are in close contact with the inner ring of the spindle.

[0048] An analytical device is used to determine whether the clearance of the bearing has increased based on the aforementioned radial distance;

[0049] An adjustment device is located on the outer ring of the bearing. The adjustment device is used to preload the outer ring of the bearing when the clearance of the bearing increases, so as to reduce the clearance of the bearing and increase the preload force.

[0050] In this device, there are rolling elements between the inner and outer rings. When the rolling elements wear down, their diameter decreases, leading to increased clearance and insufficient preload. In this solution, after the rolling elements wear down, the equipment can be adjusted to preload the outer ring, actively compensating for the wear. This allows the rolling elements to continue to fit tightly against the inner and outer rings, reducing clearance and increasing preload, thereby ensuring better bearing stability and improving the operating efficiency and reliability of the wind turbine.

[0051] A schematic diagram of the shaft system is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the structure of the shaft system is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the shaft system includes a wind turbine main shaft 10, a near-end tapered roller bearing 11, a far-end tapered roller bearing 12, and a bearing housing 13. The distance detection device 14 (also referred to as a main shaft radial displacement measuring mechanism), mounted on a single shoulder of the bearing housing, is the main component for collecting the main shaft underrun ΔH and transmitting the signal to the analysis equipment for processing and calculation to obtain the radial clearance value of the bearing. The distance detection device includes a radial sensor, an axial sensor, a radial sensor housing, and an axial sensor housing.

[0052] By continuously comparing the currently measured radial distance with historical data or preset standard values, the analysis equipment can promptly detect trends in bearing clearance changes. Once there are signs of increased clearance, it can react immediately, notifying the adjustment equipment to initiate pre-tightening, thereby preventing damage and other problems caused by excessive clearance, ensuring the stable operation of the wind turbine, and reducing maintenance frequency and costs.

[0053] By adjusting the preload on the outer ring using the equipment, the increased clearance caused by wear can be compensated in real time. Precise control of the preload avoids over-tightening (leading to bearing overheating and accelerated wear) or under-tightening (leading to increased vibration and shortened bearing life). This dynamic compensation mechanism ensures that the bearing maintains a reasonable preload and clearance state at different operating stages, reducing bearing failures, maintaining high-efficiency operation of the wind turbine, lowering maintenance costs, and achieving long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0054] In practice, the aforementioned distance detection device is one of three types: displacement sensor, ultrasonic sensor, and magnetic sensor. Different types of sensors have their unique advantages, such as the high precision and reliability of displacement sensors, the anti-interference and applicability of ultrasonic sensors, and the response speed and non-contact nature of magnetic sensors. Wind turbines operate in diverse and harsh environments, including high temperature, high humidity, and dust. Therefore, selecting the appropriate type of sensor is crucial to ensuring the stable operation of the entire adjustment system. For example, in high-temperature environments, magnetic sensors may become unsuitable due to weakened magnetism; and in high-speed rotating bearings, the response speed of displacement sensors may be insufficient to capture rapid changes. Therefore, selecting the appropriate sensor type based on the specific environment to ensure the accuracy of measurement data and the long-term reliable operation of the equipment is an effective way to improve the operating efficiency of wind turbines and reduce maintenance costs.

[0055] In some embodiments, the adjustment device is one of a hydraulic mechanism 15, a pneumatic mechanism, and an electric actuator. Using any of the above adjustment devices, the most suitable drive method can be selected according to the size, weight, and required preload of different bearings, ensuring safety, stability, and accuracy during the preload adjustment process, thereby effectively reducing bearing clearance, improving bearing stiffness and stability, and ensuring the efficient operation of the wind turbine.

[0056] Hydraulic mechanisms can be hydraulic cylinders. Pneumatic mechanisms can be pneumatic cylinders. Electric actuators can be electric actuators, which use a motor as a power source and adjust the preload through a lead screw, gear, or other transmission device.

[0057] Determine the required preload force and calculate the gas pressure accordingly. Set up a gas pressure regulating valve to ensure the gas pressure can be adjusted as needed. Distribute the pneumatic cylinders evenly around the bearing housings to ensure all cylinders work together to provide a uniform preload force. Connect the pneumatic cylinders to a gas compressor or gas tank via piping to ensure an adequate gas supply.

[0058] Turn on the gas compressor or gas tank to begin supplying air to the pneumatic cylinder. Adjust the air pressure using the gas pressure regulating valve until the predetermined preload force is reached. Utilize the built-in pressure sensor to monitor the gas pressure inside the pneumatic cylinder in real time to ensure the stability of the preload force.

[0059] An electric actuator, including a motor and transmission device (such as a lead screw or gear pair), is installed on the bearing housing. The motor is connected to the outer ring of the bearing via the transmission device to achieve axial movement and adjust the preload. The required motor torque is calculated based on the preload requirement. The PID controller parameters of the electric actuator are set, including the proportional coefficient P, integral coefficient I, and derivative coefficient D, to achieve precise control of the motor speed.

[0060] Start the motor, which drives the bearing outer ring to move axially via the transmission device. Monitor the motor current and voltage, as well as the displacement of the bearing outer ring, to ensure the preload adjustment meets requirements. Using the feedback signal from the spindle radial displacement measuring mechanism, adjust the electric actuator's action until the bearing preload returns to its initial set value.

[0061] In this design, a hydraulic mechanism is chosen as the adjustment device primarily because hydraulic systems can provide stable and powerful axial force, suitable for driving precise displacement of the outer ring of large bearings. By using eight hydraulic cylinders circumferentially distributed, uniform force distribution is ensured, avoiding eccentricity or additional stress concentration caused by uneven force on the outer ring. Furthermore, the pressure control capability of the hydraulic system allows for precise adjustment of the axial thrust based on the actual wear condition and preload requirements of the bearing, achieving micron-level displacement adjustment. This prevents excessive or insufficient preload, effectively extending the bearing's service life.

[0062] The outer ring axial displacement adjustment device uses 8 hydraulic cylinders, which are evenly installed on the single shoulder of the bearing housing. The 8 hydraulic cylinders work together to achieve axial multi-cylinder coordinated loading, realize uniform axial thrust, drive the outer ring to produce micron-level precise displacement along the bearing housing, change the axial position of the outer ring, and restore the set clearance.

[0063] The hydraulic mechanism is fixedly connected to the bearing housing shoulder, and the displacement sensor is fixedly connected to the hydraulic mechanism. The outer ring of the near-end tapered roller bearing has an interference fit with the bearing housing, and the inner ring of the near-end tapered roller bearing has an interference fit with the spindle housing. The outer ring of the far-end tapered roller bearing has an interference fit with the bearing housing, and the inner ring of the far-end tapered roller bearing has an interference fit with the spindle housing.

[0064] The spindle has an interference fit with the inner rings of the near-end and far-end tapered roller bearings, while the outer rings of the near-end and far-end tapered roller bearings have an interference fit with the bearing housing. The hydraulic cylinder is bolted to the bearing housing shoulder. The displacement sensor is bolted to the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder, and the subsequent change in distance H is directly measured by the displacement sensor, which can indirectly indicate the change in bearing clearance.

[0065] like Figure 3 As shown, the hydraulic cylinder and displacement sensor are evenly distributed circumferentially on one side of the bearing. The hydraulic cylinder provides uniform axial thrust to the outer ring, and the displacement sensor can measure the radial displacement of the main shaft and the axial movement distance of the outer ring when the wind turbine is running. Eight axial hydraulic cylinders 3 are circumferentially distributed on the bearing housing 6 to generate axial thrust. The system working pressure is 16MPa. The eight hydraulic cylinders 3 with a cylinder diameter of 60mm cooperate with each other to achieve a maximum axial force of 360kN.

[0066] The loading hydraulic station employs servo valve control. The pressurized oil output from the hydraulic pump is divided into eight channels via a check valve, oil filter, and relief valve, each channel entering one of the eight servo valves. Under the control of the controller, the servo valves generate a uniform axial thrust through the high-pressure oil film within the annular oil chamber. Sensors such as... Figure 4 As shown, the hydraulic cylinder is as follows Figure 5 As shown.

[0067] The methods and embodiments provided in this application can be executed on a mobile terminal, computer terminal, or similar computing device. Taking running on a mobile terminal as an example, Figure 6 This is a hardware structure block diagram of a mobile terminal for a bearing clearance adjustment method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 As shown, a mobile terminal may include one or more ( Figure 6Only one is shown in the diagram. A processor 102 (which may include, but is not limited to, a microprocessor MCU or a programmable logic device FPGA, etc.) and a memory 104 for storing data are also shown. The mobile terminal may further include a transmission device 106 for communication functions and an input / output device 108. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 6 The structure shown is for illustrative purposes only and does not limit the structure of the mobile terminal described above. For example, the mobile terminal may also include components that are more... Figure 6 The more or fewer components shown, or having the same Figure 6 The different configurations shown.

[0068] The memory 104 can be used to store computer programs, such as application software programs and modules, like the computer program corresponding to the bearing clearance adjustment method in this embodiment of the invention. The processor 102 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the computer program stored in the memory 104, thereby implementing the above-described method. The memory 104 may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some instances, the memory 104 may further include memory remotely located relative to the processor 102, and these remote memories can be connected to the mobile terminal via a network. Examples of the aforementioned networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof. The transmission device 106 is used to receive or send data via a network. Specific examples of the aforementioned networks may include wireless networks provided by the mobile terminal's communication provider. In one example, the transmission device 106 includes a network interface controller (NIC), which can be connected to other network devices via a base station to communicate with the Internet. In one example, the transmission device 106 may be a radio frequency (RF) module, which is used to communicate with the Internet wirelessly.

[0069] This embodiment provides a method for adjusting bearing clearance that operates on a mobile terminal, computer terminal, or similar computing device. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0070] Figure 7 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a bearing clearance adjustment method according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0071] Step S701: Obtain the distance between the rolling element and the outer ring when the rolling element is in close contact with the inner ring of the spindle, and obtain the radial distance;

[0072] Specifically, the minimum radial distance inside the bearing under no-load conditions can be monitored in real time, which is the static radial clearance of the bearing.

[0073] Step S702: Based on the change in the radial distance, determine whether the clearance of the bearing has increased;

[0074] Specifically, by comparing the current radial distance with the reference value (i.e., the radial distance at the initial installation), it is possible to accurately determine whether the bearing clearance has increased beyond the preset threshold.

[0075] In step S703, when the clearance of the bearing increases, the movement distance of the outer ring of the bearing is calculated so that the adjustment device can pre-tighten the outer ring according to the movement distance.

[0076] Specifically, if it is confirmed that the bearing clearance has increased, the axial movement distance of the outer ring required to restore the bearing's initial clearance will be calculated based on the bearing's structural parameters and wear degree, thereby performing dynamic compensation of the preload.

[0077] This embodiment allows for the calculation of the outer ring's movement distance after the rolling elements wear down. The adjustment equipment can then preload the outer ring based on this movement distance, actively compensating for wear. This ensures the rolling elements remain close to both the inner and outer rings, reducing clearance and increasing preload, thus guaranteeing better bearing stability and improving the operating efficiency and reliability of the wind turbine.

[0078] In addition to determining distance using position sensors, distance can also be determined using ultrasonic waves and magnetic methods.

[0079] An array of ultrasonic sensors is mounted on the bearing housing shoulder, ensuring that the sensors cover the entire circumference of the bearing to obtain comprehensive radial displacement information. The sensors periodically emit ultrasonic pulses into the bearing and receive signals reflected back from the inner and outer rings of the bearing. The radial displacement inside the bearing is calculated using the round-trip time difference of the signals.

[0080] An ultrasonic sensor emits ultrasonic pulses towards the junction of the inner and outer rings of the spindle bearing. The ultrasonic signal reflected back from the target is received, and its return time is recorded. Δt = treceive - temit, where treceive refers to the time from when the signal is emitted by the sensor to when the signal is received back, and temit refers to the initial time when the signal is emitted by the sensor.

[0081] The propagation speed *c* of the ultrasonic wave in the medium is determined based on the environmental conditions. Generally, the speed of ultrasound in air is approximately 343 m / s. The radial displacement change ΔH is calculated using the ultrasonic wave propagation speed and the time difference. ΔH = c × Δt / 2, where dividing by 2 is because the calculation uses the round-trip time; the actual displacement change is half the round-trip path.

[0082] A magnetic field strength sensor is installed near the bearing housing shoulder to detect changes in magnetic flux, utilizing the magnetic properties of the bearing material, such as a Hall effect sensor or a magnetoresistive sensor. The sensor continuously monitors changes in magnetic flux. Since bearing wear leads to the loss of magnetic material, changes in magnetic flux reflect the degree of bearing wear. By analyzing the magnetic flux change signal, the change in magnetic field strength is calculated, indirectly reflecting changes in radial displacement.

[0083] Record the baseline value of the magnetic field strength after the bearing is first installed or the preload is adjusted. This is used for subsequent comparisons. The real-time magnetic field strength value B(t) around the bearing is monitored using a magnetic field strength sensor. ΔB = B(t) - Record the change ΔB between each monitoring value and the baseline value.

[0084] The rate of change of magnetic field strength, r = ΔB / Δt, is calculated, where Δt is the time difference between two measurements. The trend of r over time is analyzed to identify abnormally high rates of change, which may indicate accelerated wear of the bearing material. A relationship function f(ΔB) = ΔH is established between the change in magnetic field strength ΔB and the change in radial displacement of the spindle using experimental data. This established function f is then used to convert the real-time monitored change in magnetic field strength ΔB into the corresponding change in radial displacement ΔH.

[0085] This solution also includes: a machine learning-based intelligent optimization algorithm to analyze bearing operating data and predict the optimal preload adjustment strategy to maximize bearing life and system efficiency, which will be described in detail below:

[0086] Data acquisition: Integrates multiple sensors, including temperature sensors, vibration sensors, load sensors, etc., to monitor bearing temperature (e.g., 50°C), vibration spectrum (e.g., frequency range 10Hz-1kHz, amplitude 0.01mm), axial and radial loads (e.g., axial load 50kN, radial load 100kN) in real time.

[0087] Preprocessing: The collected data is preprocessed, including noise removal, data cleaning, and standardization, to improve the accuracy and efficiency of model training.

[0088] Historical data accumulation: Collect bearing operating data under different working conditions, including data on normal operation and wear status, store historical data for at least one year, and accumulate more than 10,000 hours of operating data.

[0089] Model Training: Deep learning algorithms, such as convolutional neural networks (CNN) combined with long short-term memory networks (LSTM), are used to train the model to identify the complex relationship between preload and bearing life and operating efficiency. Historical datasets are used to train the model to ensure that the training data covers a variety of operating conditions, such as different wind speeds (low wind speed 3m / s, medium wind speed 10m / s, high wind speed 20m / s) and temperature variations (-20°C to 45°C).

[0090] Real-time data input: Input the bearing operation data monitored by the sensors in real time into the trained machine learning model.

[0091] Intelligent Prediction: The model predicts the bearing's wear condition based on current input data and outputs the optimal strategy for preload adjustment, including the best preload value and adjustment timing. For example, when the wind speed is 10 m / s and the temperature is 30°C, the predicted optimal preload is 120 kN, and it is recommended to adjust the preload when the wind speed drops to 5 m / s to reduce the load impact during the adjustment process and improve adjustment accuracy.

[0092] Dynamic adjustment: Based on model predictions, the preload is automatically adjusted to the optimal value via hydraulic or electric actuators. For example, upon receiving an adjustment suggestion, the system automatically adjusts the preload from 110kN to the predicted 120kN, ensuring the bearing remains in optimal condition despite changes in wind speed.

[0093] Performance Verification: After adjustment, the operating status of the bearing was continuously monitored, including vibration, temperature, and energy consumption, to verify the impact of the preload adjustment on the efficiency of the wind power system. For example, the adjusted bearing vibration frequency decreased by 20%, the bearing temperature stabilized at 30°C, and the energy conversion efficiency of the wind turbine increased by 4%.

[0094] Iterative optimization: Based on the performance verification results after each adjustment, update the model parameters and perform iterative optimization of the model to improve prediction accuracy and the effectiveness of the adjustment strategy.

[0095] Periodic optimization: Retrain the model regularly (e.g., every six months) using the latest operating data to ensure that the model can adapt to changes in bearing performance over time and maintain predictive ability.

[0096] This plan also includes: establishing a linkage between the preload adjustment mechanism and wind power efficiency optimization; improving the power generation efficiency and economic benefits of wind power equipment by optimizing the preload adjustment strategy, which will be described in detail below:

[0097] Data Acquisition: Integrates high-precision meteorological sensors, including anemometers and wind vanes, and installs them at meteorological stations or on the top of towers near wind turbines to continuously monitor weather parameters such as wind speed and direction in the surrounding environment.

[0098] Preprocessing: The collected raw data is preprocessed to remove noise and normalize it to ensure data quality and consistency. For example, wind speed data is converted from m / s to a standardized value to facilitate subsequent comparative analysis.

[0099] Example values: Assume the current wind speed is 10 m / s and the wind direction is 30° east of south.

[0100] Model establishment: Based on historical operating data, a correlation model between wind power efficiency and pretension is developed. The relationship between pretension and power generation efficiency is obtained by training the model using machine learning algorithms (such as random forest or neural network).

[0101] Example results: The model predicts that when the wind speed is 10m / s, adjusting the bearing preload to 120kN will result in the highest energy conversion efficiency, which is 5% higher than the default setting.

[0102] Strategy formulation: Based on the established model, an intelligent preload adjustment strategy is formulated. The strategy considers factors such as wind speed, wind direction, and bearing temperature to ensure that the preload is dynamically adjusted within a safe range.

[0103] Real-time adjustment: Based on real-time weather data, the preload is automatically calculated and adjusted. For example, when the wind speed is low (e.g., 5 m / s), the preload is appropriately reduced to 100 kN to reduce mechanical resistance; while when the wind speed is high (e.g., 15 m / s), the preload is increased to 140 kN to ensure the stability of the bearing.

[0104] Example value: As the wind speed increases from 5 m / s to 15 m / s, the preload is smoothly adjusted from 100 kN to 140 kN. The preload adjustment range covers + / -20% of the standard value, ensuring the bearing operates at its best under all wind conditions.

[0105] System integration: Integrate the preload adjustment mechanism (hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, electric actuator, etc.), meteorological sensor, energy conversion efficiency monitoring module, etc. into a unified control system.

[0106] Closed-loop control: A closed-loop control mechanism is established, which enables the system to automatically correct the preload adjustment strategy based on real-time feedback of energy conversion efficiency, ensuring the maximization of wind power efficiency.

[0107] Example results: Within a wind speed variation cycle, the system dynamically adjusts the preload, resulting in an average increase of 3% in energy conversion efficiency, significantly improving the economic benefits of the wind turbine.

[0108] Remote monitoring: Using IoT technology, data on the preload adjustment and wind power efficiency optimization of multiple wind turbine units in the wind farm are uploaded to the central monitoring platform in real time.

[0109] Remote adjustment: The platform has the ability to remotely adjust the pretension force. Operators or AI systems can remotely issue pretension force adjustment strategies based on global weather forecasts and wind farm layout to optimize the overall operating efficiency of the wind farm.

[0110] Example application: When the wind speed is expected to increase from 7 m / s to 12 m / s, the platform issues an instruction in advance to adjust the preload of all wind turbines in the field from 110 kN to 130 kN in preparation for the arrival of the high wind speed period, so as to ensure that the wind power efficiency is maximized.

[0111] This solution also includes ensuring bearing lubrication and temperature control during preload adjustment to reduce wear rate and extend bearing life, which will be described in detail below:

[0112] Cooling system design: Water or oil cooling is used, and temperature sensors and flow control valves are integrated to ensure that the coolant flow rate can be automatically adjusted according to the bearing temperature.

[0113] Temperature control threshold setting: Set the operating temperature range of the bearing, such as 40°C~80°C. When the temperature sensor detects that the bearing temperature exceeds 80°C, the intelligent cooling system automatically increases the coolant flow rate, and vice versa.

[0114] Flow control valve commissioning: Through experiments, determine the response speed and adjustment accuracy of the flow control valve to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of flow adjustment. For example, the response time of the control valve should be less than 5 seconds, and the flow adjustment accuracy should reach ±0.5%.

[0115] Lubricant supply system integration: A lubricant supply system, including a lubricant storage tank, pumping device and nozzle, is installed near the preload adjustment mechanism to ensure that the bearing is lubricated in a timely and sufficient manner before and after the preload adjustment.

[0116] Coolant circulation path planning: Design the coolant circulation path to ensure that the coolant can evenly cover all critical areas of the bearing and improve the cooling effect.

[0117] Linkage mechanism debugging: Ensure coordinated operation between the preload adjustment mechanism, lubricant supply system, and cooling system. For example, before adjusting the preload, increase the lubricant supply to reduce friction during the adjustment process, and simultaneously activate the intelligent cooling system to pre-cool the bearing and control the initial temperature at around 60°C.

[0118] Operational data collection: During system operation, data such as bearing temperature, lubricant consumption, and coolant flow are continuously collected to analyze system performance and optimize strategies.

[0119] Data Analysis and Optimization: Utilize data analysis tools to regularly analyze system data, identify trends in lubricant consumption and coolant flow, and adjust lubricant ratios and cooling system parameters based on the analysis results to achieve optimal lubrication and cooling effects. For example, when lubricant consumption exceeds expectations, increase the viscosity of the lubricant or optimize the design of the fuel injectors to reduce consumption.

[0120] System feedback and adaptive adjustment: A system feedback mechanism is established so that the system can adaptively adjust the lubricant supply and coolant flow rate based on real-time monitoring data to cope with sudden changes in operating conditions. For example, when the ambient temperature suddenly rises, the system automatically increases the coolant flow rate to control the bearing temperature at around 75°C.

[0121] In the specific implementation process, determining whether the clearance of the bearing has increased based on the change in the radial distance can be achieved through the following steps: obtaining the standard radial distance when the rolling element is in close contact with the inner ring of the spindle and the outer ring in a standard state; calculating the difference between the standard radial distance and the radial distance to obtain the change; determining that the bearing clearance has increased if the change is greater than or equal to a preset threshold; and determining that the bearing clearance has not increased if the change is less than the preset threshold.

[0122] In this scheme, the relationship between the change and the preset threshold can accurately distinguish between normal fluctuations and abnormal increases in bearing clearance, thus avoiding unnecessary preload adjustments.

[0123] After the bearing is initially installed or maintained, when the rolling elements are in close contact with the inner ring of the spindle, measure the radial distance between the rolling elements and the outer ring as the standard radial distance.

[0124] By continuously monitoring the radial distance and comparing it with a standard radial distance, the difference between the two, i.e., the amount of change, can be calculated.

[0125] By setting a reasonable clearance change threshold, when the detected change exceeds this threshold, it can be determined that the bearing clearance has increased, triggering dynamic adjustment of the preload. Conversely, if the change is less than the threshold, the bearing is considered to be in an acceptable stable state and no immediate adjustment is required.

[0126] The preset threshold can be any feasible threshold, such as 15μm, 20μm, 25μm, 30μm, etc.

[0127] After the wind turbine main shaft bearing reaches the set preload, measure the radial distance H between the main shaft and the bearing housing, i.e., the standard radial distance. Calculate the axial movement distance X of the outer ring, and move the outer ring by X using a hydraulic cylinder.

[0128] In some embodiments, the calculation of the travel distance of the outer ring of the bearing can be achieved through the following steps: obtaining the large-end diameter, small-end diameter, and length of the rolling element of the bearing, wherein the large-end diameter is the diameter of the widest end of the rolling element, and the small-end diameter is the diameter of the narrowest end of the rolling element; calculating the difference between the large-end diameter and the change to obtain a first calculation result; calculating the difference between the first calculation result and the small-end diameter to obtain a second calculation result; calculating the product of the length and the second calculation result to obtain a third calculation result; calculating the difference between the large-end diameter and the small-end diameter to obtain a fourth calculation result; calculating the quotient of the third calculation result and the fourth calculation result to obtain a fifth calculation result; calculating the difference between the length and the fifth calculation result to obtain a sixth calculation result; obtaining the contact angle, wherein the contact angle is the angle between the normal at the contact point between the rolling element and the raceway and the radial plane of the bearing; calculating the cosine value of the contact angle to obtain a seventh calculation result; and calculating the product of the sixth calculation result and the seventh calculation result to obtain the travel distance.

[0129] In this scheme, after calculating the change, a series of mathematical operations are used to transform the relationship between the change, the size parameters of the rolling elements, and the contact angle into a formula for calculating the outer ring movement distance. Through the above detailed calculation process, the axial movement distance of the outer ring required to restore the original clearance of the bearing can be calculated based on the actual wear of the bearing rollers, and then the preload can be accurately adjusted by adjusting the equipment.

[0130] The initial bearing clearance is indirectly represented by the distance H (i.e., radial distance) between the bearing housing shoulder and the spindle, which is precisely measured by a displacement sensor mounted on the bearing housing shoulder. As the rollers wear, the bearing clearance decreases, and the distance H' between the bearing housing shoulder and the spindle is measured by the same displacement sensor.

[0131] After a wind turbine has been operating for a period of time, the bearing rollers and inner and outer rings will experience wear. At this time, the radial distance H' between the main shaft and the bearing housing is measured. H-H' represents the main shaft subsidence ΔH, the change in bearing size. The main shaft subsidence ΔH is due to the progressive surface material loss in the contact area between the rolling elements and the outer ring raceway. This wear phenomenon will cause a change in the radial geometric fit of the main shaft. The subsidence ΔH is the relative radial displacement between the main shaft axis and the outer ring. The subsidence ΔH is measured using an averaging method. The main shaft floats in eight directions over a period of time after the rollers wear, and the average value is taken. This subsidence ΔH can be measured while the wind turbine is running.

[0132] In actual working environments, the load-bearing area of ​​a near-end tapered roller bearing may not be at the bottom of the bearing due to the load, and may be offset to the left or right by a certain distance. At this time, the distance between the main shaft and the bearing housing shoulder may not change the most in the vertical direction. Therefore, it is necessary to measure multiple times during the operation of the wind turbine, and combine the main shaft sinking amount after the wind turbine stops to calculate the average value to confirm the final main shaft sinking amount ΔH.

[0133] The relationship between the axial movement distance X of the outer ring and the spindle settlement is calculated using the following formula:

[0134] ,

[0135] like Figure 8 As shown, D1 is the large end diameter of the tapered roller bearing when the bearing is installed, D2 is the large end diameter after the roller is worn, D3 is the small end diameter of the tapered roller bearing when the bearing is installed, and D2 = D1 - ΔH.

[0136] like Figure 9 As shown, with the outer ring of the near-end tapered roller bearing as the reference frame, the position of the rollers after the hydraulic cylinder pushes the outer ring of the near-end tapered roller bearing axially moved is: Figure 9 As shown by the dashed line.

[0137] like Figure 10 As shown, L is the length of the roller, with the outer ring of the near-end tapered roller bearing as the reference frame, and a is the displacement along the generatrix after the roller wears. Multiplying this by the cosine of the bearing contact angle gives the axial displacement X of the roller, i.e., the distance traveled.

[0138] For example, for a certain type of near-end tapered roller bearing, the roller length L=165mm, D1=100mm, D3=92mm, and the contact angle α=15°, by collecting the spindle settlement multiple times and calculating the average value, we get ΔH=0.03mm. Using the above formula, we calculate X=0.598mm. That is, we need to use a hydraulic cylinder to push the outer ring of the near-end tapered roller bearing axially by 0.598mm to restore the bearing to its original clearance.

[0139] In the specific implementation process, after determining whether the clearance of the bearing has increased based on the change in the radial distance, the method further includes the following steps: obtaining the temperature, vibration frequency, and material stress of the bearing; forming a relevant parameter set by combining the change, temperature, vibration frequency, and material stress; obtaining an identification model, wherein the identification model is one of SVM, RF, and CNN models; forming a training set by combining the historical relevant parameter set and the corresponding lifetime labels, and training the identification model using the training set to obtain a lifetime identification model, wherein the lifetime labels are the historical remaining lifetimes of the bearing in the training set; inputting the relevant parameter set into the lifetime identification model to obtain the remaining lifetime corresponding to the relevant parameter set; and generating a warning message when the remaining lifetime is less than a preset lifetime threshold.

[0140] This solution can not only monitor the wear status of the bearing in real time, but also predict its remaining life and issue early warnings before the bearing performance deteriorates, thus avoiding unexpected downtime of the wind turbine due to bearing failure, extending the operating cycle of the wind turbine, and reducing maintenance costs and downtime.

[0141] The aforementioned method allows for direct data acquisition and calculation to obtain the clearance change of tapered roller bearings. Through simple sensor and hydraulic mechanism installation and straightforward calculation, the clearance change after roller wear is accurately and efficiently calculated, and the original clearance is restored by adjusting the axial position of the outer ring using a hydraulic mechanism. The accuracy of this mechanism in restoring the original clearance increases linearly with the increase in the number of circumferentially distributed sensors and hydraulic cylinders. This solves the problem of traditional wind turbine generator testing requiring shutdown. By actively compensating for wear, it postpones the frequent maintenance required for traditional fixed clearance bearings, reducing labor and spare parts costs, extending bearing life, and improving the overall performance of the wind turbine generator. The proposed solution can monitor the radial change of the main shaft in real time to obtain the wear state of the wind turbine generator's main shaft bearing, directly and accurately quantify the preload loss, and drive the actuator to dynamically compensate for the preload, thereby extending the bearing's service life.

[0142] In summary, the solution proposed in this application obtains the wear status of the wind turbine main shaft bearing by real-time monitoring of the radial change of the main shaft, directly and accurately quantifies the preload loss, and drives the actuator to dynamically compensate for the preload. This provides a reliable basis for optimizing bearing design parameters and improving assembly processes, while also improving the bearing's impact resistance and the overall machine's service life, meeting the wind power industry's technical requirements for highly reliable, maintenance-free bearing systems.

[0143] This application also provides an analysis device. It should be noted that the analysis device of this application can be used to execute the bearing clearance adjustment method provided in this application. This device is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred embodiments; details already described will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can refer to a combination of software and / or hardware that performs a predetermined function. Although the device described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0144] The analysis device provided in the embodiments of this application will be described below.

[0145] Figure 11 This is a structural block diagram of an analysis device according to an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 11 As shown, the device includes:

[0146] The first acquisition unit 100 is used to acquire the distance between the rolling element and the outer ring when the rolling element is in close contact with the inner ring of the main shaft, and to obtain the radial distance.

[0147] The determining unit 200 is used to determine whether the clearance of the bearing has increased based on the change in the radial distance.

[0148] The calculation unit 300 is used to calculate the movement distance of the outer ring of the bearing when the clearance of the bearing increases, so that the adjustment device can pre-tighten the outer ring according to the movement distance.

[0149] This embodiment allows for the calculation of the outer ring's movement distance after the rolling elements wear down. The adjustment equipment can then preload the outer ring based on this movement distance, actively compensating for wear. This ensures the rolling elements remain close to both the inner and outer rings, reducing clearance and increasing preload, thus guaranteeing better bearing stability and improving the operating efficiency and reliability of the wind turbine.

[0150] In the specific implementation process, the determining unit includes a first acquisition module, a first calculation module, a first determining module, and a second determining module. The first acquisition module is used to acquire the distance between the rolling element and the outer ring in a standard state when the rolling element is in close contact with the inner ring of the spindle, thus obtaining the standard radial distance. The first calculation module is used to calculate the difference between the standard radial distance and the radial distance, thus obtaining the change amount. The first determining module is used to determine that the bearing clearance has increased if the change amount is greater than or equal to a preset threshold. The second determining module is used to determine that the bearing clearance has not increased if the change amount is less than the preset threshold.

[0151] In this scheme, the relationship between the change and the preset threshold can accurately distinguish between normal fluctuations and abnormal increases in bearing clearance, thus avoiding unnecessary preload adjustments.

[0152] In some embodiments, the calculation unit includes a second acquisition module, a second calculation module, a third calculation module, a fourth calculation module, a fifth calculation module, a sixth calculation module, a seventh calculation module, a third acquisition module, an eighth calculation module, and a ninth calculation module. The second acquisition module is used to acquire the large-end diameter, small-end diameter, and length of the rolling element of the bearing, wherein the large-end diameter is the diameter of the widest end of the rolling element, and the small-end diameter is the diameter of the narrowest end of the rolling element. The second calculation module is used to calculate the difference between the large-end diameter and the change, to obtain a first calculation result. The third calculation module is used to calculate the difference between the first calculation result and the small-end diameter, to obtain a second calculation result. The fourth calculation module is used to calculate the length and the... The product of the second calculation result is used to obtain the third calculation result; the fifth calculation module is used to calculate the difference between the large end diameter and the small end diameter to obtain the fourth calculation result; the sixth calculation module is used to calculate the quotient of the third calculation result and the fourth calculation result to obtain the fifth calculation result; the seventh calculation module is used to calculate the difference between the length and the fifth calculation result to obtain the sixth calculation result; the third acquisition module is used to acquire the contact angle, wherein the contact angle is the angle between the normal at the contact point between the rolling element and the raceway and the radial plane of the bearing; the eighth calculation module is used to calculate the cosine value of the contact angle to obtain the seventh calculation result; the ninth calculation module is used to calculate the product of the sixth calculation result and the seventh calculation result to obtain the movement distance.

[0153] In this scheme, after calculating the change, a series of mathematical operations are used to transform the relationship between the change, the size parameters of the rolling elements, and the contact angle into a formula for calculating the outer ring movement distance. Through the above detailed calculation process, the axial movement distance of the outer ring required to restore the original clearance of the bearing can be calculated based on the actual wear of the bearing rollers, and then the preload can be accurately adjusted by adjusting the equipment.

[0154] In specific implementation, the above-mentioned device further includes a second acquisition unit, a combination unit, a third acquisition unit, a training unit, a processing unit, and a generation unit. The second acquisition unit is used to acquire the temperature, vibration frequency, and material stress of the bearing after determining whether the clearance of the bearing has increased based on the change in the radial distance. The combination unit is used to combine the change, temperature, vibration frequency, and material stress into a relevant parameter set. The third acquisition unit is used to acquire a recognition model, wherein the recognition model is one of an SVM model, an RF model, and a CNN model. The training unit is used to combine the historical relevant parameter set and the corresponding lifetime label into a training set, and use the training set to train the recognition model to obtain a lifetime recognition model, wherein the lifetime label is the historical remaining lifetime of the bearing in the training set. The processing unit is used to input the relevant parameter set into the lifetime recognition model to obtain the remaining lifetime corresponding to the relevant parameter set. The generation unit is used to generate a warning message when the remaining lifetime is less than a preset lifetime threshold.

[0155] This solution can not only monitor the wear status of the bearing in real time, but also predict its remaining life and issue early warnings before the bearing performance deteriorates, thus avoiding unexpected downtime of the wind turbine due to bearing failure, extending the operating cycle of the wind turbine, and reducing maintenance costs and downtime.

[0156] The aforementioned analysis device includes a processor and a memory. The first acquisition unit, determination unit, and calculation unit are all stored as program units in the memory, and the processor executes these program units stored in the memory to achieve the corresponding functions. All of the above modules are located in the same processor; alternatively, the modules may be located in different processors in any combination.

[0157] The processor contains a kernel, which retrieves the corresponding program unit from memory. One or more kernels can be configured, and adjusting kernel parameters can address the problem in existing technologies where increased bearing clearance leads to poor bearing stability, resulting in lower operating efficiency and reliability of wind turbines.

[0158] The memory may include non-permanent memory in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM, and the memory includes at least one memory chip.

[0159] This invention provides a storage medium that includes a stored program, wherein when the program is running, it controls the device containing the storage medium to execute the bearing clearance adjustment method.

[0160] This invention provides a processor for running a program, wherein the program executes the bearing clearance adjustment method.

[0161] This invention provides a device including a processor, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements at least the method steps for adjusting bearing clearance. The device described herein can be a server, PC, PAD, mobile phone, etc.

[0162] This application also provides a computer program product that, when executed on a data processing device, is adapted to perform a program that initializes an adjustment method step having at least the following bearing clearance.

[0163] This application also provides a bearing clearance adjustment system, including one or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and the one or more programs include methods for performing any of the above-described bearing clearance adjustment methods.

[0164] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented using general-purpose computing devices. They can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. They can be implemented using computer-executable program code, and thus can be stored in a storage device for execution by a computing device. In some cases, the steps shown or described can be performed in a different order than those described herein, or they can be fabricated as separate integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps can be fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

[0165] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0166] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0167] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0168] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0169] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0170] Memory may include non-persistent memory in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of computer-readable media.

[0171] Computer-readable media includes both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can store information using any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transferable medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transient computer-readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0172] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0173] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0174] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A bearing clearance adjustment device, characterized in that, include: A distance detection device, located on the bearing, is used to detect the radial distance between the rolling elements of the bearing and the outer ring when the rolling elements are in close contact with the inner ring of the spindle. An analytical device is used to determine whether the clearance of the bearing has increased based on the radial distance; An adjustment device, located on the outer ring of the bearing, is used to preload the outer ring of the bearing when the bearing clearance increases, thereby reducing the bearing clearance and increasing the preload force.

2. The bearing clearance adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance detection device is one of a displacement sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, and a magnetic sensor.

3. The bearing clearance adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting device is one of the following: hydraulic mechanism, pneumatic mechanism, and electric actuator.

4. A method for adjusting bearing clearance, characterized in that, The method for adjusting bearing clearance is applied to the analytical apparatus of the bearing clearance adjustment device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and the method includes: The radial distance is obtained by measuring the distance between the rolling element and the outer ring when the rolling element is in close contact with the inner ring of the spindle. Based on the change in the radial distance, determine whether the clearance of the bearing has increased; When the clearance of the bearing increases, the movement distance of the outer ring of the bearing is calculated so that the adjustment device preloads the outer ring according to the movement distance.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Determining whether the bearing clearance has increased based on the change in radial distance includes: The standard radial distance is obtained by measuring the distance between the rolling element and the outer ring in a standard state when the rolling element is in close contact with the inner ring of the spindle. The difference between the standard radial distance and the radial distance is calculated to obtain the amount of change; If the change is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, it is determined that the clearance of the bearing has increased. If the change is less than the preset threshold, it is determined that the clearance of the bearing has not increased.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Calculating the travel distance of the outer ring of the bearing includes: Obtain the large end diameter, small end diameter, and length of the rolling element of the bearing, wherein the large end diameter is the diameter of the widest end of the rolling element, and the small end diameter is the diameter of the narrowest end of the rolling element; Calculate the difference between the large end diameter and the change amount to obtain a first calculation result; Calculate the difference between the first calculation result and the diameter of the small end to obtain the second calculation result; Calculate the product of the length and the second calculation result to obtain the third calculation result; Calculate the difference between the diameter of the large end and the diameter of the small end to obtain the fourth calculation result; The quotient of the third calculation result and the fourth calculation result is calculated to obtain the fifth calculation result; Calculate the difference between the length and the fifth calculation result to obtain the sixth calculation result; Obtain the contact angle, wherein the contact angle is the angle between the normal at the contact point between the rolling element and the raceway and the radial plane of the bearing; Calculate the cosine value of the contact angle to obtain the seventh calculation result; The product of the sixth calculation result and the seventh calculation result is used to obtain the movement distance.

7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, After determining whether the bearing clearance has increased based on the change in radial distance, the method further includes: The temperature, vibration frequency, and material stress of the bearing were obtained. The change, temperature, vibration frequency, and material stress are combined into a set of relevant parameters; Obtain a recognition model, wherein the recognition model is one of an SVM model, an RF model, and a CNN model; The historical relevant parameter set and the corresponding life label are combined into a training set. The recognition model is trained using the training set to obtain the life recognition model. The life label is the historical remaining life of the bearing in the training set. The relevant parameter set is input into the lifetime identification model to obtain the remaining lifetime corresponding to the relevant parameter set; If the remaining lifespan is less than a preset lifespan threshold, an early warning message is generated.

8. An analytical device, characterized in that, The analytical device is the analytical device for the bearing clearance adjustment device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and the analytical device includes: The first acquisition unit is used to acquire the distance between the rolling element and the outer ring when the rolling element is in close contact with the inner ring of the spindle, and to obtain the radial distance; A determining unit is used to determine whether the clearance of the bearing has increased based on the amount of change in the radial distance; The calculation unit is used to calculate the movement distance of the outer ring of the bearing when the clearance of the bearing increases, so that the adjustment device can preload the outer ring according to the movement distance.

9. A storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium includes a stored program, wherein, when the program is executed, it controls the device containing the storage medium to perform the bearing clearance adjustment method according to any one of claims 4 to 7.

10. A processor, characterized in that, The processor is used to run a program, wherein the program executes the bearing clearance adjustment method according to any one of claims 4 to 7.

11. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the bearing clearance adjustment method according to any one of claims 4 to 7.

12. A bearing clearance adjustment system, characterized in that, include: One or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including methods for performing the bearing clearance adjustment method according to any one of claims 4 to 7.

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