Drainage basin water volume accurate scheduling method and system based on precipitation real-time monitoring

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of resource optimization scheduling, and provides a drainage basin water volume accurate scheduling method and system based on precipitation real-time monitoring, and the method comprises the following steps: collecting hydrological data, early-stage influence rainfall and soil water content of each hydropower station in a target drainage basin; the earlier-stage influence rainfall is corrected through the collected hydrological data, and the corrected earlier-stage influence rainfall is obtained; in combination with hydrological data and the corrected early-stage influence rainfall, carrying out runoff forecasting in a short-term period of the drainage basin and middle-and-long-term end-of-period water level forecasting in the drainage basin, and obtaining end-of-period water level information; determining a flood prevention early warning level and a drought resistance early warning level according to the end-of-period water level information; and a scheduling decision is made according to the flood prevention early warning level and the drought resistance early warning level. According to the scheduling method provided by the embodiment of the invention, accurate scheduling of the water volume of the drainage basin can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure belongs to the field of resource optimization and scheduling technology, specifically relating to a method and system for precise scheduling of watershed water volume based on real-time precipitation monitoring. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, watershed water resource management is of great significance in modern society. Furthermore, patent CN 110991688 A points out that the rational utilization and allocation of water resources has a significant impact on ensuring water supply, flood control and disaster reduction, and farmland irrigation. However, in the process of watershed water resource management, the initial rainfall can influence hydrological processes through various pathways, thereby affecting water allocation decisions within the watershed.

[0003] Antecedent rainfall significantly impacts soil moisture content, which in turn greatly influences the response and transformation of rainfall. Precipitation preceding a rainfall event can saturate the soil, making subsequent runoff more readily available. Due to differences in permeability among different soil types, coupled with variations in topography and watershed shape, the effects of antecedent rainfall produce diverse hydrological responses in different regions. Therefore, precise water allocation within a watershed must consider the water-soil interaction effects of antecedent rainfall on hydrological processes.

[0004] To better manage watershed water resources, advanced technologies are needed to monitor precipitation in real time and integrate precipitation data with other watershed characteristic data. The development of modern hydrological models and information technologies, such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS), remote sensing, and sensor networks, provides more accurate data support and analytical capabilities for watershed water resource management. By integrating real-time precipitation monitoring data with watershed characteristic data such as topography, soil type, and vegetation cover, more accurate hydrological models can be established, thereby enabling more precise predictions of the impact of previous rainfall. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. Therefore, the first objective of the present invention is to propose a method for precise watershed water allocation based on real-time precipitation monitoring, which can achieve precise allocation of watershed water volume. The second objective of this invention is to propose a precise watershed water allocation system based on real-time precipitation monitoring.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of the present invention proposes a method for precise watershed water allocation based on real-time precipitation monitoring, the method comprising the following steps: S100 collects hydrological data, previous impact rainfall, and soil moisture content of each hydropower station in the target watershed. S200 obtains the corrected previous impact rainfall by correcting the previous impact rainfall based on collected hydrological data, previous impact rainfall, and soil moisture content. S300, combining hydrological data and corrected antecedent rainfall data, is used to forecast short-term runoff and predict medium- and long-term end-of-period water levels in the basin, and obtain end-of-period water level information. S400 uses end-of-period water level information to determine flood control and drought relief warning levels; S500 uses flood control and drought relief early warning levels to manage water resources in the basin.

[0007] The scheduling method according to embodiments of the present invention can achieve precise scheduling of water volume in a river basin.

[0008] Furthermore, the target watershed mentioned in step S100 includes a region covering 10-20 km from the center of the river channel, and the hydrological data includes watershed water level and reservoir capacity information, flow information, watershed area and rainfall, and the soil moisture content is the average soil moisture content of the target watershed.

[0009] Furthermore, due to significant differences in soil retention, infiltration, and runoff at different locations within the watershed, and variations in soil structure and properties leading to differences in the rate of water loss and sudden evaporation caused by rainfall and irrigation, the degree of water and soil retention varies. Since existing methods for calculating early-stage impact rainfall cannot account for these differences, errors may occur in the calculated early-stage impact rainfall. Therefore, to achieve precise water allocation within the watershed and to eliminate the influence of these soil differences on early-stage impact rainfall, this invention provides the following method: In step S200, the previous impact rainfall is corrected by collecting hydrological data, previous impact rainfall and soil moisture content, and the corrected previous impact rainfall is obtained.

[0010] S201, the water and soil retention value is obtained by calculating the hydrological data using the first equation.

[0011] Since the relationship between soil moisture content and precipitation is dynamic and mutually influential, and is also affected by factors such as climate, soil type, and topography, the method to correct for the influence of previous rainfall is as follows: Use an array `rain[]` to represent the daily rainfall from t days ago to the current day, and use an array `flr[]` to represent the daily soil moisture content from t days ago to the current day. `t` can be 1 to 50 days. The length of both arrays `rain[]` and `flr[]` is `t+1`. `rain(i)` represents the soil moisture content of the array `rain[]`. Let flr(i) represent the i-th element in the array flr[] and the soil moisture content i days ago. i is the index, and the value of i is in the range of i=0,1,2,…,t. Calculate the t+1 water and soil retention values ​​through the first equation. Create a blank array wfm[] and add the t+1 water and soil retention values ​​to the array wfm[] in sequence. Let wfm(k) be the k-th element in the array wfm[], and the value of k is in the range of k=0,1,2,…,t.

[0012] The first equation is: ; In the formula, This represents the water and soil retention value for day k, where k ranges from k=0, 1, 2, ..., t, and k=0 indicates the current day. It is a parameter used to represent the proportion of water and soil retention, infiltration, and runoff in the soil during different rainfall events. The water and soil retention value is calculated by considering the rainfall from day k to day t and the corresponding soil moisture content. This represents the rainfall y days ago. This represents the soil moisture content y days ago. This part calculates the sum of the products of rainfall and soil moisture content from k days ago to t days ago. This sum represents the total impact of rainfall on the soil. This section calculates the sum of rainfall from 1 day ago to t days ago, where i1 is the cumulative variable. This sum represents the total rainfall over the considered time period. In this calculation, the water and soil retention capacity is calculated by weighting rainfall and soil moisture content at different time points. By considering the greater impact of recent rainfall and soil moisture content on the current situation, an array of water and soil retention capacity values ​​can be obtained. It can express how rainfall water is distributed in the soil under the current rainfall and soil conditions, including retention, infiltration and runoff. This water and soil retention value can be applied in hydrological simulation and watershed management, and participate in the correction of the anterior impact rainfall Pa, so that the corrected anterior impact rainfall is more accurate, thereby greatly reducing the error in watershed water allocation.

[0013] S202, by correcting the anterior impact rainfall through the water and soil retention medium value and the second equation, the corrected anterior impact rainfall is obtained.

[0014] Furthermore, the corrected anterior impact rainfall is obtained by correcting the anterior impact rainfall using the water and soil retention medium value and the second equation. The formula for calculating the second equation in the equation is: ; in, This indicates the revised amount of rainfall affecting the initial period. This represents the original antecedent rainfall, where the original antecedent rainfall... It was calculated based on the basin's rainfall and characteristics. The water and soil retention value is x+1 days ago. Let be the water and soil retention value before day x, where x ranges from x=0, 1, 2, ..., t-1. This section represents the cumulative sum of the differences between the water and soil retention values ​​from today to t days ago. The difference represents the fluctuations in water and soil retention values ​​over two consecutive days. These changes reflect the dynamic changes in hydrological characteristics over a period of time. Precipitation before a rainfall event may saturate the soil, making subsequent rainwater more likely to form runoff. Due to differences in the infiltration capacity of different soil types, coupled with differences in topography and watershed shape, the influence of prior rainfall is significant. Therefore, the use of... This section calculates the average value of the water and soil retention capacity fluctuations over two consecutive days. By summing the differences and dividing by the time period length t, the change in the water and soil retention effect over the average time period is obtained. This section employs logarithmic operations and takes the absolute value to correct for changes in the average effect. This is because logarithmic operations help handle large-scale numerical values, making the differences between different influences more significant. The correction process includes calculating the change in the water and soil retention effect over the average time period, where lg is the logarithm to base 10. This correction process allows us to better predict the hydrological dynamics of the watershed, accurately calculate the impact of water and soil interaction on anterior rainfall, and thus correct for anterior rainfall, obtaining a more accurate corrected anterior rainfall and achieving precise watershed management.

[0015] Furthermore, the original pre-contamination rainfall The calculation process based on the basin's rainfall and characteristics is as follows: Pa[t] = Ka * (Pa[t+1] + P[t+1]). At the same time, Pa[t] ≤ Wm must be controlled. In the formula, Pa[t] and Pa[t+1] are the rainfall amounts at the beginning of the period t days and t+1 days ago, respectively; P[t+1] is the rainfall amount t+1 days ago; Ka is the daily receding coefficient of the basin's water storage, which can be approximated by an average value for each month, equal to (1-Em / Wm), where Em is the monthly average water evapotranspiration of the target basin; Wm is the maximum water storage capacity of the basin, which is a basic characteristic reflecting the water storage capacity of the basin.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S300, by combining hydrological data and corrected anterior rainfall data, short-term runoff forecasts for the watershed are performed, and medium- and long-term end-of-period water levels are calculated. The short-term runoff forecast is obtained by using the acquired hydrological data and corrected anterior rainfall data. As input to the hydrological model, the hydrological model is used to simulate and predict short-term runoff.

[0017] The hydrological model simulation and prediction of short-term runoff can be performed using any one of the methods in the following references: [1] Liu Wen. Hydrological simulation and runoff response analysis based on SWAT model [D]. Northwest University, 2014. [1] Li Guofang, Xia Ziqiang. Research on the impact of human activities and climate change on runoff [C] / / The mutual influence and role of water and socio-economic development - Proceedings of the Third National Symposium on Water Issues. 2005. [1] Zheng Dapeng. Construction and application of distributed hydrological model based on MapWinGIS [D]. Nanjing University, 2012. [1] Li Lei, Liu Wenfeng, Xu Zongxue, et al. Development and application of preprocessing program for distributed hydrological model based on DEM [J]. Journal of Beijing Normal University: Natural Science Edition, 2012, 48(5):7.DOI:CNKI:SUN:BSDZ.0.2012-05-021. Furthermore, in step S300, combining hydrological data and corrected anterior rainfall data, short-term runoff forecasts for the basin are performed over nine years, and medium- and long-term end-of-period water levels are calculated to obtain end-of-period water level information. The long-term end-of-period water level forecast is obtained by using hydrological data and corrected anterior rainfall data. Input is provided, along with local watershed capacity and water level-discharge curve parameters, and the watershed operation model is used to predict the watershed water level in the medium to long term.

[0018] Furthermore, after predicting short-term runoff and medium- to long-term water levels, the predicted reservoir end-of-period water level information can be obtained based on the model's output.

[0019] Furthermore, in step S400, by integrating hydrological data and end-of-period water level information, the specific flood control warning level and drought relief warning level are determined as follows: The predicted end-of-period water level is compared with the flood control warning level standard to determine whether the current water level has reached or exceeded a certain warning level. Based on the warning level of the water level, corresponding emergency response measures are taken, such as adjusting the water release of local reservoirs and notifying relevant departments and residents.

[0020] Specifically, in step S500, scheduling decisions are made based on flood control and drought relief warning levels. Once a flood control or drought relief warning level is triggered, specific reservoir and river basin scheduling decisions are formulated according to corresponding response strategies. These strategies include: automatically triggering a flood control warning when the water level in a river basin reaches or exceeds the flood control warning level; scheduling reservoirs with water levels above the warning level to river basins with water levels below the warning level to release excess water and reduce flood risk; ensuring that the water release from reservoirs does not cause water levels in other river basins to rise, thereby avoiding adverse effects on other areas; and simultaneously, notifying relevant departments and communities of the warning information via SMS, notifications, etc., to prepare for flood control in advance and ensure the safety of people and property. When the water level in a river basin drops to or falls below the drought relief warning level, the system automatically triggers a drought relief warning. According to the drought response strategy, water resources are diverted from other river basins with higher water levels to this river basin to ensure that the river basin receives sufficient water to cope with the drought. During the diversion process, it is necessary to balance the allocation of water resources among different river basins to ensure the water supply needs of each river basin. At the same time, pre-set early warning information is pushed to the mobile devices of meteorological staff to inquire whether water-saving measures or water supply restrictions should be activated in order to mitigate the impact of drought on the water supply system. Users are also sent text messages or notifications to remind them to strengthen water conservation and use water resources rationally.

[0021] To achieve the above objectives, a second aspect of the present invention also proposes a watershed water volume precision scheduling system based on real-time precipitation monitoring. The watershed water volume precision scheduling system based on real-time precipitation monitoring includes: a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of a watershed water volume precision scheduling method based on real-time precipitation monitoring. The watershed water volume precision scheduling system based on real-time precipitation monitoring runs on computing devices such as water area monitoring equipment, desktop computers, laptops, handheld computers, and cloud data centers.

[0022] The precise scheduling of water resources in the basin is achieved by implementing a watershed water volume precise scheduling method based on real-time precipitation monitoring through a watershed water volume precise scheduling system based on real-time precipitation monitoring. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 The diagram shows a flowchart of a watershed water volume precise scheduling method based on real-time precipitation monitoring. Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of a watershed water volume precision scheduling system based on real-time precipitation monitoring. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0025] Figure 1 The diagram shows a flowchart of a method for precise water allocation in a watershed based on real-time precipitation monitoring.

[0026] Reference Figure 1 This invention proposes a method for precise water allocation in a watershed based on real-time precipitation monitoring. The method includes the following steps: S100 collects hydrological data, previous impact rainfall, and soil moisture content of each hydropower station in the target watershed. S200 obtains the corrected previous impact rainfall by correcting the previous impact rainfall based on collected hydrological data, previous impact rainfall, and soil moisture content. S300, combining hydrological data and corrected antecedent rainfall data, is used to forecast short-term runoff and predict medium- and long-term end-of-period water levels in the basin, and obtain end-of-period water level information. S400 uses end-of-period water level information to determine flood control and drought relief warning levels; S500 uses flood control and drought relief early warning levels to manage water resources in the basin.

[0027] The scheduling method according to embodiments of the present invention can achieve precise scheduling of water volume in a river basin.

[0028] Furthermore, in step S100, the target watershed includes a region covering 10-20 km from the center of the river channel, and the hydrological data includes watershed water level and reservoir capacity information, flow information, watershed area and rainfall, and the soil moisture content is the average soil moisture content of the target watershed.

[0029] Furthermore, due to significant differences in soil retention, infiltration, and runoff at different locations within the watershed, and variations in soil structure and properties leading to differences in the rate of water loss and sudden evaporation caused by rainfall and irrigation, the degree of water and soil retention varies. Since existing methods for calculating early-stage impact rainfall cannot account for these differences, errors may occur in the calculated early-stage impact rainfall. Therefore, to achieve precise water allocation within the watershed and to eliminate the influence of these soil differences on early-stage impact rainfall, this invention provides the following method: In step S200, the previous impact rainfall is corrected by collecting hydrological data, previous impact rainfall and soil moisture content, and the corrected previous impact rainfall is obtained.

[0030] S201, the water and soil retention value is obtained by calculating the hydrological data through the first equation.

[0031] Since the relationship between soil moisture content and precipitation is a dynamic and mutually influential process, and is also affected by factors such as climate, soil type, and topography, the method to correct for the influence of previous rainfall is as follows: use an array `rain[]` to represent the daily rainfall from t days ago to the current day, and use an array `flr[]` to represent the daily soil moisture content from t days ago to the current day. Let t be 30 days, and the lengths of both arrays `rain[]` and `flr[]` are t+1. Use `rain(i)` to represent the soil moisture content in array `rain[]`. Let flr(i) represent the i-th element in the array flr[] and the soil moisture content i days ago, where i is the index and the range of i is i=0,1,2,…,t. Calculate the t+1 water and soil retention values ​​using the first equation. Create a blank array wfm[] and add the t+1 water and soil retention values ​​to the array wfm[] sequentially. Let wfm(k) be the k-th element in the array wfm[], where the range of k is k=0,1,2,…,t.

[0032] The first equation is: ; In the formula, This represents the water and soil retention value for day k, where k ranges from k=0,1,2,…,t, and k=0 indicates the current day. It is a parameter used to represent the proportion of water retention, infiltration, and runoff in the soil during different rainfall events. The water and soil retention value is calculated by considering the rainfall from day k to day t and the corresponding soil moisture content. This represents the rainfall y days ago. This represents the soil moisture content y days ago. This section calculates the sum of the products of rainfall and soil moisture content from day k to day t. This sum represents the total impact of rainfall on the soil. This section calculates the sum of rainfall from 1 day ago to t days ago. This sum represents the total rainfall over the considered time period. In this calculation, the water and soil retention capacity is calculated by weighting rainfall and soil moisture content at different time points. By considering the greater impact of recent rainfall and soil moisture content on the current situation, an array of water and soil retention capacity values ​​can be obtained. It can express how rainfall moisture is distributed in the soil under current rainfall and soil conditions, including retention, infiltration, and runoff. This water and soil retention value can be applied in hydrological simulation and watershed management, and can be used to assess antecedent rainfall influences. The correction makes the earlier rainfall data more accurate, thus greatly reducing the error in watershed water allocation.

[0033] S202, by correcting the anterior impact rainfall through the water and soil retention medium value and the second equation, the corrected anterior impact rainfall is obtained.

[0034] Furthermore, the corrected anterior impact rainfall is obtained by correcting the anterior impact rainfall using the water and soil retention medium value and the second equation. The formula for calculating the second equation in the equation is: ; in, This indicates the revised amount of rainfall affecting the initial period. This represents the original antecedent rainfall, where the original antecedent rainfall... It was calculated based on the basin's rainfall and characteristics. The water and soil retention value is x+1 days ago. Let be the water and soil retention value before day x, where x ranges from x=0, 1, 2, ..., t-1. This section represents the cumulative sum of the differences between the water and soil retention values ​​from today to t days ago. The difference represents the fluctuations in water and soil retention values ​​over two consecutive days. These changes reflect the dynamic changes in hydrological characteristics over a period of time. Precipitation before a rainfall event may saturate the soil, making subsequent rainwater more likely to form runoff. Due to differences in the infiltration capacity of different soil types, coupled with differences in topography and watershed shape, the influence of prior rainfall is significant. Therefore, the use of... This section calculates the average value of the water and soil retention capacity fluctuations over two consecutive days. By summing the differences and dividing by the time period length t, the change in the water and soil retention effect over the average time period is obtained. This section employs logarithmic operations and takes the absolute value to correct for changes in the average effect. This is because logarithmic operations help handle large-scale numerical values, making the differences between different influences more significant. The correction process includes calculating the change in the water and soil retention effect over the average time period, where lg is the logarithm to base 10. This correction process allows us to better predict the hydrological dynamics of the watershed, accurately calculate the impact of water and soil interaction on anterior rainfall, and thus correct for anterior rainfall, obtaining a more accurate corrected anterior rainfall and achieving precise watershed management.

[0035] Furthermore, the original pre-contamination rainfall The calculation process based on the basin's rainfall and characteristics is as follows: Pa[t] = Ka * (Pa[t+1] + P[t+1]). At the same time, Pa[t] ≤ Wm must be controlled. In the formula, Pa[t] and Pa[t+1] are the rainfall amounts at the beginning of the period t days and t+1 days ago, respectively; P[t+1] is the rainfall amount t+1 days ago; Ka is the daily receding coefficient of the basin's water storage, which can be approximated by an average value for each month, equal to (1-Em / Wm), where Em is the monthly average water evapotranspiration of the target basin; Wm is the maximum water storage capacity of the basin, which is a basic characteristic reflecting the water storage capacity of the basin.

[0036] Furthermore, in step S300, by combining hydrological data and corrected anterior rainfall data, short-term runoff forecasts for the watershed are performed, and medium- and long-term end-of-period water levels are calculated. The short-term runoff forecast is obtained by using the acquired hydrological data and corrected anterior rainfall data. As input to the hydrological model, the hydrological model is used to simulate and predict short-term runoff.

[0037] The hydrological model simulation and prediction of short-term runoff can be performed using any one of the methods in the following references: [1] Liu Wen. Hydrological simulation and runoff response analysis based on SWAT model [D]. Northwest University, 2014. [1] Li Guofang, Xia Ziqiang. Research on the impact of human activities and climate change on runoff [C] / / The mutual influence and role of water and socio-economic development - Proceedings of the Third National Symposium on Water Issues. 2005. [1] Zheng Dapeng. Construction and Application of Distributed Hydrological Model Based on MapWinGIS [D]. Nanjing University, 2012 [1] Li Lei, Liu Wenfeng, Xu Zongxue, et al. Development and application of preprocessing program for distributed hydrological model based on DEM [J]. Journal of Beijing Normal University: Natural Science Edition, 2012, 48(5):7.DOI:CNKI:SUN:BSDZ.0.2012-05-021. Furthermore, in step S300, combining hydrological data and corrected anterior rainfall data, short-term runoff forecasts for the basin are performed over nine years, and medium- and long-term end-of-period water levels are calculated to obtain end-of-period water level information. The long-term end-of-period water level forecast is obtained by using hydrological data and corrected anterior rainfall data. Input is provided, along with local watershed capacity and water level-discharge curve parameters, and the watershed operation model is used to predict the watershed water level in the medium to long term.

[0038] Furthermore, after predicting short-term runoff and medium- to long-term water levels, the predicted reservoir end-of-period water level information can be obtained based on the model's output.

[0039] Furthermore, in step S400, by integrating hydrological data and end-of-period water level information, the specific flood control warning level and drought relief warning level are determined as follows: The predicted end-of-period water level is compared with the flood control warning level standard to determine whether the current water level has reached or exceeded a certain warning level. Based on the warning level of the water level, corresponding emergency response measures are taken, such as adjusting the water release of local reservoirs and notifying relevant departments and residents.

[0040] Specifically, in step S500, scheduling decisions are made based on flood control and drought relief warning levels. Once a flood control or drought relief warning level is triggered, specific reservoir and river basin scheduling decisions are formulated according to the corresponding response strategies. These strategies include: automatically triggering a flood control warning when the water level in a river basin reaches or exceeds the flood control warning level; scheduling reservoirs with water levels above the warning level to river basins with water levels below the warning level to release excess water and reduce flood risk; ensuring that the water release from reservoirs does not cause water levels in other river basins to rise, thereby avoiding adverse effects on other areas; and simultaneously, notifying relevant departments and communities of the warning information via SMS, notifications, etc., to prepare for flood control in advance and ensure the safety of people and property. When the water level in a river basin drops to or falls below the drought relief warning level, the system automatically triggers a drought relief warning. According to the drought response strategy, water resources are diverted from other river basins with higher water levels to this river basin to ensure that the river basin receives sufficient water to cope with the drought. During the diversion process, it is necessary to balance the allocation of water resources among different river basins to ensure the water supply needs of each river basin. At the same time, pre-set early warning information is pushed to the mobile devices of meteorological staff to inquire whether water-saving measures or water supply restrictions should be activated in order to mitigate the impact of drought on the water supply system. Users are also sent text messages or notifications to remind them to strengthen water conservation and use water resources rationally.

[0041] Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of a watershed water volume precision scheduling system based on real-time precipitation monitoring.

[0042] Reference Figure 2The present invention also proposes a watershed water volume precision scheduling system 20 based on real-time precipitation monitoring. The watershed water volume precision scheduling system based on real-time precipitation monitoring includes: a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of a watershed water volume precision scheduling method based on real-time precipitation monitoring. The watershed water volume precision scheduling system based on real-time precipitation monitoring runs on water area monitoring equipment, desktop computers, laptops, handheld computers, and computing devices in cloud data centers.

[0043] The loading management system includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The processor executes the computer program within the following units of the loading management system: Data acquisition unit 21 is used to collect hydrological data, previous impact rainfall, and soil moisture content of each hydropower station in the target watershed; Correction unit 22 is used to correct the previous impact rainfall by collecting hydrological data and obtain the corrected previous impact rainfall; The calculation unit 23 is used to combine hydrological data and corrected anterior impact rainfall to make short-term runoff forecasts and medium- and long-term end-of-period water level predictions for the watershed, and to obtain end-of-period water level information. Unit 24 is used to determine the flood control warning level and drought relief warning level based on the end-of-period water level information; Control unit 25 is used to make dispatching decisions based on flood control warning level and drought relief warning level.

[0044] The aforementioned watershed water volume precision scheduling system based on real-time precipitation monitoring can run on computing devices such as desktop computers, laptops, handheld computers, and cloud servers. The running management system of this watershed water volume precision scheduling system based on real-time precipitation monitoring may include, but is not limited to, processors and memory. Those skilled in the art will understand that the above example is merely an illustration of a watershed water volume precision scheduling system 20 based on real-time precipitation monitoring and does not constitute a limitation on such a system. It may include more or fewer components, or a combination of certain components, or different components. For example, the watershed water volume precision scheduling system based on real-time precipitation monitoring may also include input / output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.

[0045] The basin water volume precise scheduling method based on real-time precipitation monitoring is executed by the basin water volume precise scheduling system 20 to achieve precise scheduling of water volume in the basin.

[0046] It should be noted that the logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be specifically implemented in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a processor-included system, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit programs for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include: an electrical connection having one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk drive (magnetic device), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and editable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable optical disc read-only memory (CDROM). Alternatively, the computer-readable medium may be paper or other suitable media on which the program can be printed, since the program can be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, interpreting, or otherwise processing as necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0047] It should be understood that various parts of the present invention can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0048] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0049] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0050] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the embodiments of this invention are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated in this embodiment. Therefore, features defined with terms such as "first" and "second" in the embodiments of this invention can explicitly or implicitly indicate that the embodiment includes at least one of those features. In the description of this invention, the word "multiple" means at least two or more, such as two, three, four, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified in the embodiments.

[0051] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited in the embodiments, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" appearing in the embodiments should be interpreted broadly. For example, a connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can also be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, etc. Of course, it can also be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components, or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific implementation.

[0052] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0053] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A watershed water quantity accurate scheduling method based on real-time monitoring of precipitation, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S100, collecting hydrological data, antecedent rainfall and soil moisture of each hydropower station in a target basin; S200, correcting the antecedent rainfall by the collected hydrological data, antecedent rainfall and soil moisture, to obtain corrected antecedent rainfall; S300, combining the hydrological data and the corrected antecedent rainfall to perform short-term period runoff prediction of the basin and end-of-period water level prediction of the basin, and to obtain end-of-period water level information; S400, determining flood control warning levels and drought resistance warning levels by the end-of-period water level information; S500, performing basin water quantity regulation by the flood control warning levels and the drought resistance warning levels.

2. The watershed water quantity accurate scheduling method based on real-time precipitation monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrological data comprises basin water level storage capacity information, flow information, basin area and rainfall. 3.The watershed water quantity accurate scheduling method based on real-time precipitation monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps of correcting the antecedent rainfall by the collected hydrological data to obtain corrected antecedent rainfall are as follows: calculating the water and soil interception medium value by the first equation on the hydrological data; correcting the antecedent rainfall by the water and soil interception medium value and the second equation to obtain corrected antecedent rainfall.

4. The method for accurate scheduling of basin water quantity based on real-time monitoring of precipitation quantity according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first equation is: ； In the formula, represents the water and soil retention medium value of the kth day, k has a value range k = 0, 1, 2, …, t, represents the rainfall y days ago, represents the soil moisture content y days ago, This part is the sum of the product of rainfall and soil moisture content from k days ago to t days ago, is the sum of rainfall from 1 day ago to t days ago, i1 is an accumulation variable.

5. The method for accurate scheduling of basin water quantity based on real-time monitoring of precipitation quantity according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second equation is: ； wherein, represents the corrected antecedent rainfall, represents the original antecedent rainfall, is the water-soil storage medium value before the x+1th day, is the water-soil storage medium value before the xth day, and x has a value range of x = 0, 1, 2, …, t-1; This part represents the cumulative sum of the difference between the water-soil storage medium value from the current day to the tth day, and the difference represents the fluctuation of the water-soil storage medium value of two consecutive days; This part represents the average value of the fluctuation of the water-soil storage medium value of two consecutive days; is the 10-base logarithm.

6. The method for accurate scheduling of basin water quantity based on real-time monitoring of precipitation quantity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The short-term period runoff forecast is obtained by using the obtained hydrological data and the corrected preceding period influencing rainfall As an input to the hydrological model, the short-term runoff is simulated and predicted by using the hydrological model.

7. The method for accurate scheduling of basin water quantity based on real-time monitoring of precipitation quantity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The long-term end water level prediction is obtained by using hydrological data and the corrected previous period rainfall Participate in the input, and join the local basin capacity, water level-flow curve parameters, use the basin operation model to predict the future long-term basin water level.

8. A watershed water quantity accurate scheduling system based on real-time monitoring of precipitation, characterized in that, The basin water quantity accurate regulation system based on real-time precipitation monitoring comprises a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps in the basin water quantity accurate regulation method based on real-time precipitation monitoring, and the basin water quantity accurate regulation system based on real-time precipitation monitoring is run in a computing device of a water area detection device, a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a palm computer, and a cloud data center.

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