Azimuth angle adjusting device and antenna

Abstract

The invention provides an azimuth angle adjusting device and an antenna, the azimuth angle adjusting device comprises a first transmission part, a rotating part and a reversing mechanism, the first transmission part is in transmission connection with the rotating part, and the first transmission part is used for receiving an external torque to drive the rotating part to rotate horizontally; the rotating part is used for driving the antenna assembly to rotate horizontally, the reversing mechanism is used for changing the rotating direction of the first transmission part, the first transmission part is a transmission screw or a transmission worm, and the corresponding rotating part is a transmission gear or a transmission turbine. The azimuth angle adjusting device adopts a screw-gear transmission mechanism or a worm and gear transmission mechanism to realize power transmission. Wherein the screw-gear transmission mechanism or the worm and gear transmission mechanism has a self-locking characteristic, and the transmission of external acting force borne by the antenna assembly to the motor can be effectively blocked by utilizing the characteristic, so that the motor is protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of communication technology, specifically relating to an azimuth adjustment device and an antenna equipped with the azimuth adjustment device. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction and optimization of wireless communication networks, the electronic azimuth adjustment function of antennas is a key technology. This function controls the horizontal rotation of the antenna to precisely adjust the coverage area of ​​the sector, thereby enabling rapid optimization of the antenna coverage network. It can effectively save the manpower and material costs required for traditional manual adjustment of antenna azimuth angle on the tower, and significantly shorten the network optimization cycle, improving operation and maintenance efficiency. Therefore, it is widely used in the field of modern communications.

[0003] However, current antenna azimuth adjustment devices still suffer from numerous technical defects and shortcomings, hindering further performance improvements. Existing azimuth adjustment devices generally rely on the self-locking force of the drive motor itself to achieve antenna self-locking. In this mode, any impact force (such as wind load, external collision, etc.) experienced by the antenna during operation or at rest is directly transmitted to the motor body. Since the motor is not specifically designed to withstand impact loads, prolonged stress can easily lead to wear of internal gears, coil damage, or bearing misalignment, thereby causing equipment failure, increasing maintenance costs, and shortening service life.

[0004] Therefore, existing antenna azimuth adjustment technology has obvious shortcomings in its self-locking mechanism. It is urgent to solve the core problem of motor stress damage through innovative design in order to improve the stability, durability and adjustment accuracy of the device, so as to better meet the needs of modern communication networks for efficient and accurate coverage optimization. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The primary objective of this invention is to solve at least one of the above-mentioned problems by providing an azimuth adjustment device and an antenna.

[0006] To achieve the various objectives of this invention, the following technical solution is adopted: To meet one of the objectives of this invention, an azimuth adjustment device is provided, comprising a first transmission member, a rotating member, and a reversing mechanism. The first transmission member is tractively connected to the rotating member. The first transmission member is used to receive an external torque to drive the rotating member to rotate horizontally. The rotating member is used to drive an antenna assembly to rotate horizontally. The reversing mechanism is used to change the rotation direction of the first transmission member. The first transmission member is a transmission screw or a transmission worm, and the corresponding rotating member is a transmission gear or a transmission turbine.

[0007] In one embodiment, the reversing mechanism includes a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear meshing with each other, the second bevel gear being disposed at one end of the first transmission member, and the first bevel gear being used for transmission connection with a power source.

[0008] In one embodiment, along the axis of the first transmission member, the second bevel gear has a insertion hole on one of the first transmission members and a protruding insertion shaft on the other. The insertion shaft is inserted and fixed to the insertion hole, and the spring is sleeved on the insertion shaft.

[0009] In one embodiment, the azimuth adjustment device further includes a second transmission member, which has the same structure as the first transmission member. The first transmission member and the second transmission member are set at an angle and both mesh with the rotating member. The reversing mechanism further includes a third bevel gear disposed on one end of the second transmission member, which meshes with the first bevel gear.

[0010] In one embodiment, the azimuth adjustment device further includes a limiting mechanism, which includes a limiting screw and a limiting nut. The limiting screw is fixed to the first bevel gear and the two are coaxially arranged. The limiting nut is sleeved on the limiting screw. The two ends of the limiting screw are respectively provided with stop blocks, and the two ends of the limiting nut are respectively provided with mating blocks. The two stop blocks correspond to the two mating blocks respectively, and when the stop blocks abut against the corresponding mating blocks, the limiting nut is restricted from continuing to move linearly in the same direction.

[0011] In one embodiment, the azimuth adjustment device further includes a housing, the first transmission member, the reversing mechanism and the limiting mechanism are installed in the housing, a screw groove is formed in the housing, the limiting screw is inserted in the screw groove, a guide groove is provided on the groove wall of the screw groove extending axially along the limiting screw, a guide block is provided on the limiting nut, and the guide block is inserted in the guide groove.

[0012] In one embodiment, an elastic arm is provided on the bottom of the guide groove, one end of the elastic arm is connected to the guide groove, and an elastic protrusion is formed on the other end. A snap-fit ​​groove is formed on the guide block. When the limiting nut moves to the elastic protrusion, the elastic protrusion snaps into the snap-fit ​​groove.

[0013] In one embodiment, the transmission gear is a sector gear or the transmission turbine is a sector turbine.

[0014] In one embodiment, the azimuth adjustment device further includes a loading module, which includes a fixed shaft disposed at the center of the rotating member and a plurality of fixing members disposed on the side of the rotating member. The fixed shaft and the plurality of fixing members are respectively used to connect to the antenna assembly.

[0015] To one of the purposes of this invention, an antenna is provided, comprising an antenna radome, an antenna assembly, and an azimuth adjustment device as described in any of the preceding objects, wherein the antenna assembly and the azimuth adjustment device are mounted inside the antenna radome, wherein the azimuth adjustment device is disposed on an end cap of the antenna radome, and the antenna assembly is connected to the rotating member.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention has many advantages, including but not limited to: The azimuth adjustment device of this invention uses a screw-gear mechanism or a worm gear mechanism to achieve power transmission. Specifically, when the first transmission component is a transmission screw and the rotating component is a transmission gear, a screw-gear mechanism is formed; when the first transmission component is a transmission worm and the rotating component is a transmission worm, a worm gear mechanism is formed. Both mechanisms have self-locking characteristics.

[0017] Based on this self-locking characteristic, during device operation, when external forces are applied to the antenna assembly, the self-locking action of the screw-gear mechanism or worm gear mechanism prevents this force from being transmitted in the reverse direction to the first transmission component, and consequently, to the motor that powers the first transmission component. This characteristic effectively avoids the impact and additional load caused by external forces on the motor, providing reliable protection for the motor. The motor does not need to withstand the adverse effects of external forces and can always operate in a relatively stable working environment, greatly extending the motor's service life.

[0018] Meanwhile, the extended lifespan of the motor means a lower failure rate for the entire azimuth adjustment device, reducing downtime for maintenance due to motor damage and improving the device's stability and reliability. Whether in complex natural environments or frequent mechanical operation scenarios, the azimuth adjustment device of this invention, with its unique transmission mechanism and self-locking characteristics, ensures precise adjustment of the antenna assembly's azimuth angle, guaranteeing stable signal transmission, and possesses significant technical advantages and practical application value. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is an exploded view of an antenna according to a typical embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the antenna end cap, antenna assembly, and azimuth adjustment device in a typical embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the azimuth angle adjustment device according to a typical embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the azimuth adjustment device (housing not shown) according to a typical embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second bevel gear of the azimuth angle adjustment device according to a typical embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission screw of the azimuth adjustment device according to a typical embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the second bevel gear, transmission screw, and spring in an azimuth adjustment device according to a typical embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting screw and the first bevel gear of the azimuth adjustment device according to a typical embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting nut of the azimuth adjustment device according to a typical embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the upper shell of the azimuth adjustment device according to a typical embodiment of the present invention from a first perspective.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the second perspective of the upper shell of the azimuth adjustment device according to a typical embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the azimuth adjustment device according to a typical embodiment of the present invention, showing the elastic protrusion engaging with the locking groove.

[0031] Figure 13 for Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the cross section along the AA direction. Detailed Implementation

[0032] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0033] Those skilled in the art will understand that, unless specifically stated otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” “the,” and “the” used herein may also include the plural forms. It should be further understood that the term “comprising” as used in this specification means the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, nor does it exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. It should be understood that when we say an element is “connected” or “coupled” to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element, or there may be intermediate elements. Furthermore, “connected” or “coupled” as used herein can include wireless connections or wireless coupling. The term “and / or” as used herein includes all or any units and all combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0034] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have the same meaning as in the context of the prior art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless specifically defined as herein.

[0035] This invention provides an azimuth angle adjustment device that uses a screw-gear transmission mechanism or a worm gear transmission mechanism to transmit power. The screw-gear transmission mechanism or worm gear transmission mechanism has a self-locking characteristic, which effectively blocks the transmission of external forces on the antenna assembly to the motor, thus protecting the motor. Furthermore, this device uses a spring to apply an elastic force, causing the screw-gear transmission mechanism and / or worm gear transmission mechanism to elastically abut against each other under the action of the elastic force. This eliminates backlash during transmission, achieving zero-backlash transmission and significantly improving the transmission efficiency of the azimuth angle adjustment device.

[0036] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, the azimuth adjustment device 100 includes a first transmission member, a rotating member, and a reversing mechanism. Wherein, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 The rotating component is configured to be connected to the antenna assembly 320. The first transmission component is used to receive the externally applied torque and drive the rotating component to rotate, thereby enabling the rotating component to drive the antenna assembly 320 to rotate in the horizontal direction, thereby realizing the adjustment of the horizontal angle of the antenna 300.

[0037] In one specific embodiment, combined with Figure 4The first transmission component is a screw, which will be named transmission screw 110 for ease of subsequent description; correspondingly, the rotating component is a gear, named transmission gear 120. The transmission screw 110 and the transmission gear 120 cooperate to form a transmission mechanism, through which power transmission and rotation conversion are achieved.

[0038] In another specific embodiment, the first transmission component is configured as a worm gear, which, for ease of description, is referred to as a transmission worm gear; correspondingly, the rotating component is configured as a worm wheel, which is referred to as a transmission worm wheel. In this case, the transmission worm gear and the transmission worm wheel mesh with each other to form a worm gear mechanism, through which power transmission and rotation adjustment are accomplished.

[0039] In this embodiment, the transmission mechanism jointly constructed by the transmission screw 110 and the transmission gear 120, or the worm gear mechanism composed of the transmission worm wheel and the transmission worm, both possess self-locking characteristics. When the antenna assembly 320 is subjected to an external force, this external force is transmitted to the transmission mechanism or the worm gear mechanism. Based on its self-locking characteristics, the transmission mechanism or the worm gear mechanism can effectively prevent the external force from being further transmitted upstream in the transmission chain. In this way, the power source (i.e., the motor) of the azimuth adjustment device 100 will not receive the external force transmitted from the antenna assembly 320, thereby avoiding damage to the motor due to external forces and effectively ensuring the normal operation and service life of the motor.

[0040] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, the transmission screw 110 can be replaced by the transmission worm gear, and the transmission gear 120 can be replaced by the transmission worm wheel. To facilitate a clear and accurate explanation of the technical solution of the present invention, the following description will use the transmission screw 110 as the first transmission component and the transmission gear 120 as the rotating component as an example. However, it should be understood that this example should not be considered as constituting any limitation on the technical solution of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention should cover all equivalent substitutions and modifications based on the concept of the present invention.

[0041] The reversing mechanism is used to change the rotation direction of the transmission screw 110, thereby changing the horizontal rotation direction of the antenna assembly 320 through the coordinated action of the transmission screw 110 and the transmission gear 120, so as to achieve flexible adjustment of the horizontal azimuth angle of the antenna assembly 320.

[0042] Specifically, combined Figure 4The reversing mechanism includes two bevel gears, defined as a first bevel gear 131 and a second bevel gear 132. The first bevel gear 131 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor and receives the rotational torque output by the motor, introducing the motor's rotational power into the reversing mechanism. The second bevel gear 132 is disposed at one end of the transmission screw 110 and is fixedly connected to the transmission screw 110. From a manufacturing perspective, it is recommended that the second bevel gear 132 and the transmission screw 110 be integrally formed, which can enhance the stability of their connection and reduce energy loss and errors during transmission.

[0043] There are two transmission connection methods between the first bevel gear 131 and the second bevel gear 132: one is that the first bevel gear 131 and the second bevel gear 132 directly mesh to achieve direct power transmission; the other is that the first bevel gear 131 and the second bevel gear 132 are connected through a gear or gear train to meet the needs of different transmission ratios and layouts. In this embodiment, for the convenience of explaining the technical solution of the present invention, the direct meshing of the first bevel gear 131 and the second bevel gear 132 is used as an example for illustration. However, this example should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. The present invention covers the above two transmission connection methods and other possible equivalent substitutions.

[0044] In practical applications, by controlling the motor to change its rotation direction, the rotation direction of the first bevel gear 131 can be changed accordingly. Due to the transmission connection between the first bevel gear 131 and the second bevel gear 132, the second bevel gear 132 will change its rotation direction accordingly, thereby driving the transmission screw 110 to rotate, and then transmitting the power to the antenna assembly 320 through the transmission gear 120, ultimately changing the horizontal rotation direction of the antenna assembly 320, thus conveniently and quickly adjusting the horizontal azimuth angle of the antenna assembly 320.

[0045] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 5 A mounting groove is provided on the second bevel gear 132. For ease of subsequent description, this mounting groove is defined as the first mounting groove 1321. The first mounting groove 1321 is arranged along the axial direction of the second bevel gear 132, and a insertion hole 1322 is provided at the bottom of the groove of the first mounting groove 1321.

[0046] At the same time, combined Figure 6 The transmission screw 110 also has a mounting groove, which is defined as the second mounting groove 111. The second mounting groove 111 is arranged along the axial direction of the transmission screw 110. A plug-in shaft 112 is protruding at the bottom of the second mounting groove 111, and the plug-in shaft 112 protrudes along the axial direction of the transmission screw 110.

[0047] The insertion shaft 112 is inserted into the insertion hole 1322 via the first mounting groove 1321 to achieve insertion and fixation. Both the insertion shaft 112 and the insertion hole 1322 have non-circular cross-sectional shapes. This non-circular cross-section allows the second bevel gear 132 to effectively transmit rotational torque to the transmission gear 120 through the insertion shaft 112, ensuring the stability and reliability of power transmission.

[0048] Combination Figures 5 to 7 When the insertion shaft 112 is inserted into the insertion hole 1322, the first mounting groove 1321 and the second mounting groove 111 are aligned to form a mounting cavity. The reversing mechanism also includes a spring 133, which is installed inside the mounting cavity and sleeved on the insertion shaft 112. The spring 133 is disposed between the second bevel gear 132 and the transmission screw 110, and its function is to apply an axial elastic force to the transmission screw 110. Under the action of this elastic force, the transmission screw 110 can elastically abut against the transmission gear 120, thereby eliminating the meshing gap between them and achieving a zero-backlash transmission effect. This zero-backlash transmission can effectively reduce transmission errors, avoid jamming between the transmission screw 110 and the transmission gear 120 during transmission, ensure smooth and unobstructed transmission between them, and thus significantly improve the transmission accuracy of the entire transmission system.

[0049] In another embodiment, the insertion hole 1322 may be disposed at the bottom of the second mounting groove 111 of the transmission screw 110, and the insertion shaft 112 may be disposed at the bottom of the first mounting groove 1321 of the second bevel gear 132, with the insertion shaft 112 correspondingly inserted into the insertion hole 1322.

[0050] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, combined with Figure 3 and Figure 4 The transmission gear 120 adopts a sector gear structure, and the central angle corresponding to the sector gear is less than 360°. To facilitate a clear explanation of the technical solution of this invention, this embodiment uses a sector gear with a central angle of 180° as an example for detailed description. However, it should be clarified that this example should not be considered as limiting the scope of protection of this invention, which covers cases where the central angle of the sector gear is other angle values ​​less than 360°.

[0051] The transmission screw 110 meshes with the transmission gear 120. During transmission, the transmission screw 110 drives the transmission gear 120 to rotate horizontally through rotational motion. As the transmission gear 120 rotates, it further drives the connected antenna assembly 320 to rotate horizontally synchronously, thereby enabling flexible adjustment of the horizontal azimuth angle of the antenna assembly 320 to meet the precise control requirements of the antenna 300's pointing direction in different application scenarios.

[0052] The azimuth adjustment device 100 also includes a loading module. This loading module includes a fixed shaft 141 and multiple fixing components 142. The fixed shaft 141 is located at the center of the sector gear, and the fixed shaft 141 and the sector gear are not connected; they are independent of each other, providing a reasonable structural basis for the installation and movement of subsequent components. The multiple fixing components 142 are evenly distributed on the axial side of the sector gear, serving a connecting and fixing function. The antenna assembly 320 is stably connected to both the fixed shaft 141 and the sector gear. Specifically, in conjunction with... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The sector gear is securely connected to the antenna assembly 320 via the plurality of fasteners 142, for example, by a threaded connection.

[0053] In actual operation, with the fixed shaft 141 as the rotation axis, when the sector gear rotates, it can drive the antenna assembly 320 connected to it to rotate horizontally around the fixed shaft 141, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the horizontal angle of the antenna 300 and meeting the diverse needs for the pointing of the antenna 300 in different scenarios.

[0054] In this invention, the azimuth adjustment device 100 further includes a second transmission member, which has the same structure as the first transmission member. Specifically, in conjunction with Figure 4 When the first transmission component is a transmission screw 110, the second transmission component is also a screw. For ease of subsequent description, this screw is defined as an auxiliary screw 151. When the first transmission component is a transmission worm, the second transmission component is also a worm, which is defined here as an auxiliary worm. To clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, this embodiment uses the example of the first transmission component being a transmission screw 110 and the second transmission component being an auxiliary screw 151. However, this example should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, which covers other structural forms based on the same concept.

[0055] One end of the auxiliary screw 151 is equipped with a bevel gear, which is designated as the third bevel gear 152 for easy distinction. The third bevel gear 152 meshes with the first bevel gear 131 mentioned above, forming a transmission connection. Simultaneously, the auxiliary screw 151 also meshes with the transmission gear 120, and the auxiliary screw 151 and the transmission screw 110 are set at a certain angle. From the transmission principle perspective, the first bevel gear 131 divides the received rotational torque into two paths, outputting them sequentially to the transmission screw 110 and the auxiliary screw 151. The transmission screw 110 and the auxiliary screw 151 simultaneously apply driving force to the transmission gear 120, causing it to rotate. This dual-drive method effectively improves the transmission efficiency and smoothness of the transmission gear 120. In this embodiment, from the perspective of optimizing the transmission effect, it is recommended that the transmission screw 110 and the auxiliary screw 151 be set to a mutually perpendicular state, which can further improve the transmission efficiency.

[0056] In this embodiment, the transmission screw 110 and the auxiliary screw 151 are symmetrically distributed about the axis of the first bevel gear 131. This symmetrical arrangement allows the transmission screw 110 and the auxiliary screw 151 to each drive one side of the transmission gear 120, cooperating and working together. This cooperative driving method significantly improves the transmission smoothness of the transmission gear 120, thus making the movement of the antenna 300 smoother when adjusting the horizontal azimuth angle, effectively improving the communication stability of the antenna 300 during the adjustment of the horizontal azimuth angle, and meeting the stringent performance requirements of the antenna 300 in practical applications.

[0057] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, the azimuth adjustment device 100 is further provided with a limiting mechanism. The main function of the limiting mechanism is to precisely limit the rotation stroke of the transmission gear 120. From the perspective of range control, it plays the role of limiting the rotation range of the transmission gear 120, ensuring that the azimuth adjustment of the antenna 300 is carried out within a preset safe and reasonable range.

[0058] Combination Figure 4The limiting mechanism includes a limiting screw 161 and a limiting nut 162, which cooperate to form a screw mechanism. Specifically, the limiting screw 161 is inserted into the limiting nut 162 to form the screw mechanism. One end of the limiting screw 161 is fixedly installed on the side of the first bevel gear 131, and the limiting screw 161 and the first bevel gear 131 are arranged coaxially to ensure the synchronization and stability of the transmission. From the perspective of manufacturing process and structural strength, in this embodiment, it is recommended that the limiting screw 161 and the first bevel gear 131 be manufactured as a single piece, which can effectively enhance the connection between the two and reduce vibration and error during transmission.

[0059] Combination Figure 8 Stop blocks are formed at both ends of the limiting screw 161. For ease of subsequent description, these two stop blocks are defined as the first stop block 163 and the second stop block 164, respectively. The first stop block 163 is closer to the first bevel gear 131 than the second stop block 164. Figure 9 Correspondingly, mating blocks are formed at both ends of the limiting nut 162, respectively referred to as the first mating block 165 and the second mating block 166. After the limiting nut 162 is fitted onto the limiting screw 161, the first mating block 165 is closer to the first bevel gear 131 than the second mating block 166. During transmission, the rotational stroke of the transmission gear 120 is precisely limited by the mutual abutment action between the first stop block 163 and the first mating block 165, and between the second stop block 164 and the second mating block 166.

[0060] In this embodiment, in order to clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following transmission scenario is used as an example for explanation, but this example should not be regarded as a limitation of the present invention.

[0061] When the first bevel gear 131 rotates clockwise, based on the structural relationship described above, this clockwise rotation will simultaneously drive the limiting screw 161 to rotate clockwise. Since the limiting screw 161 and the limiting nut 162 form a screw mechanism, the clockwise rotation of the limiting screw 161 will drive the limiting nut 162 to move linearly towards the first stop block 163. At the same time, the first bevel gear 131 drives the transmission gear 120 to rotate counterclockwise through the transmission screw 110. When the first mating block 165 on the limiting nut 162 abuts against the first stop block 163 on the limiting screw 161 during its linear movement, the limiting screw 161 cannot continue to rotate clockwise due to the abutment force. At this time, driven by the first bevel gear 131, the transmission gear 120 just reaches the maximum angle that can be reached by counterclockwise rotation, which is defined as -α°.

[0062] Similarly, when the first bevel gear 131 rotates counterclockwise, it synchronously drives the limiting screw 161 to rotate counterclockwise, thereby driving the limiting nut 162 to move linearly towards the second stop block 164. Furthermore, the first bevel gear 131 drives the transmission gear 120 to rotate clockwise via the transmission screw 110. When the limiting nut 162 moves linearly until its second mating block 166 abuts against the second stop block 164 on the limiting screw 161, the limiting screw 161 can no longer rotate counterclockwise. At this point, the transmission gear 120, driven by the first bevel gear 131, reaches the maximum angle it can reach by rotating clockwise, which is defined as +α°.

[0063] Therefore, this invention precisely limits the rotation range of the transmission gear 120 through the synergistic action of the limiting mechanism and the transmission components. Its effective rotation range is set to (-α, +α), where -α represents the maximum counterclockwise rotation angle of the transmission gear 120, and +α represents the maximum clockwise rotation angle. In practical applications, the rotation angle of the transmission gear 120 can be flexibly adjusted according to the specific usage scenario and the pointing requirements of the antenna assembly 320, allowing it to be precisely positioned within the range of (-α, +α). As the angle of the transmission gear 120 is adjusted, the horizontal direction angle of the connected antenna assembly 320 will change accordingly, thereby achieving precise control and flexible adjustment of the horizontal direction angle of the antenna assembly 320 to meet the diverse pointing requirements of the antenna 300 in different communication scenarios.

[0064] Furthermore, when the azimuth adjustment device 100 requires calibration, the limiting screw 161 can be rotated by applying a clockwise or counterclockwise driving force. During rotation, the limiting screw 161 drives the limiting nut 162 to move linearly. By controlling the direction and extent of this linear movement, the first stop block 163 abuts against the first mating block 165, or the second stop block 164 abuts against the second mating block 166. This abutting state provides a clear calibration reference for the azimuth adjustment device 100, enabling precise calibration and ensuring accurate adjustment of the horizontal azimuth angle of the antenna 300 during subsequent use, meeting practical application requirements.

[0065] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 3 The azimuth adjustment device 100 is provided with a housing 170, which has a split structure, specifically including an upper housing 171 and a lower housing 172. The upper housing 171 and the lower housing 172 are tightly connected by a snap-fit ​​method, together forming the complete housing 170, providing reliable installation space and protection for the internal components of the azimuth adjustment device 100.

[0066] Combination Figure 11 The upper shell 171 has a screw groove 172 formed inside, and the limiting screw 161 is precisely inserted into the screw groove 172. The screw groove 172 not only provides a stable installation position for the limiting screw 161, but also has a guiding function for the limiting nut 162, ensuring the directional accuracy of the limiting nut 162 during movement.

[0067] To further optimize the guiding effect, combined with Figure 10 and Figure 11 A guide groove 1721 is formed on the groove wall of the screw groove 172. This guide groove 1721 extends along the axial direction of the limiting screw 161, providing precise path guidance for the movement of the limiting nut 162. Correspondingly, a guide block 1621 is provided on the limiting nut 162. The guide block 1621 is adapted to the guide groove 1721 and inserted into it. The tight fit between the guide groove 1721 and the guide block 1621 forms a reliable guiding structure, effectively guiding the limiting nut 162.

[0068] It is clear that when the limiting screw 161 is rotated to drive the limiting nut 162 to move linearly, the guide groove 1721 and the guide block 1621 cooperate to ensure that the limiting nut 162 moves stably along a preset linear direction, avoiding deviation or wobbling, thereby ensuring the transmission accuracy and stability of the azimuth adjustment device 100. In this embodiment, from the perspective of structural symmetry and force balance, a pair of guide grooves 1721 are provided on the groove wall of the screw groove 172, and the pair of guide grooves 1721 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the limiting screw 161. This symmetrical structure can further improve the smoothness and reliability of the movement of the limiting nut 162.

[0069] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 10 One of the two guide grooves 1721 provided in the screw groove 172 is selected, and an elastic arm 173 is added to the guide groove 1721. The elastic arm 173 is arranged along the axial direction of the limiting screw 161. One end of the elastic arm 173 is firmly connected to the bottom of the guide groove 1721 in the axial direction, and the other end extends along the axial direction of the limiting screw 161, with an elastic protrusion 1731 formed at the end of the extended end. The elastic protrusion 1731 has a certain elastic deformation capability and can undergo elastic deformation when subjected to external force.

[0070] At the same time, combined Figure 9 A corresponding snap-fit ​​groove 1622 is formed on the guide block 1621 of the limiting nut 162. The shape and size of the snap-fit ​​groove 1622 are adapted to the elastic protrusion 1731 so that the two can achieve a snap-fit ​​engagement.

[0071] In practical operation, combined with Figure 12 and Figure 13 The limiting screw 161 is rotated to drive the limiting nut 162 to move linearly. When the limiting nut 162 moves to the position of the elastic protrusion 1731, the elastic protrusion 1731 will engage with the locking groove 1622 under its own elastic force. At this time, if the driving force continues to be applied to drive the limiting nut 162 to continue moving linearly, the elastic protrusion 1731 will undergo elastic deformation under the action of external force, and then smoothly disengage from the locking groove 1622, so that the elastic protrusion 1731 will not hinder the continuous linear movement of the limiting nut 162, ensuring the continuity and smoothness of the movement of the limiting nut 162.

[0072] To facilitate the explanation of the technical solution of the present invention, in this embodiment, the rotation angle of the transmission gear 120 is set to 0° when the elastic protrusion 1731 engages with the locking groove 1622. However, this setting should not be regarded as a limitation of the present invention. From another perspective, when the elastic protrusion 1731 engages with the locking groove 1622, it means that the limiting nut 162 has reached an intermediate position during linear movement. At this time, the time and distance taken for the limiting nut 162 to move from the initial position to the -α° position are the same as those taken to move from the initial position to the +α° position, which helps to achieve the precise positioning and adjustment function of the azimuth angle adjustment device 100.

[0073] The present invention also provides an antenna 300, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 The antenna 300 includes an antenna radome 310, an antenna assembly 320, and an azimuth adjustment device 100 as described in detail above. The antenna assembly 320 and the azimuth adjustment device 100 are both installed in the internal space of the antenna radome 310 to ensure the compactness and stability of the overall structure.

[0074] Specifically, the azimuth adjustment device 100 is mounted on the end cap 311 of the antenna 300. The antenna assembly 320 is connected to the loading module in the azimuth adjustment device 100, forming a close transmission relationship. During the operation of the azimuth adjustment device 100, the rotating component is driven to rotate, and the rotational motion of the rotating component is directly transmitted to the loading module mounted on it, thereby causing the loading module to rotate synchronously. Since the antenna assembly 320 is connected to the loading module, the rotation of the loading module will further drive the antenna assembly 320 to rotate accordingly, ultimately achieving precise adjustment of the horizontal angle of the antenna 300 and meeting the precise control requirements for the pointing of the antenna 300 in different application scenarios.

[0075] In one embodiment, the antenna assembly 320 includes a reflector and a radiating array disposed on the reflector. One end of the reflector is connected to the loading module, forming a stable connection structure. During actual adjustment, the reflector is rotated by the azimuth adjustment device. The rotation of the reflector directly changes the horizontal angle of the antenna assembly 320, thereby achieving flexible adjustment of the horizontal angle of the antenna 300 and ensuring that the antenna 300 can receive or transmit signals in the optimal direction.

[0076] In another embodiment, the antenna assembly 320 consists of a circuit board and a radiating circuit printed on the circuit board. One end of the circuit board is connected to the loading module, establishing an effective transmission connection. When the azimuth adjustment device is activated and drives the circuit board to rotate, the direction of the radiating circuit on the circuit board will also change accordingly, thereby realizing the adjustment function of the horizontal angle of the antenna 300.

[0077] In summary, the azimuth adjustment device of the present invention achieves transmission through a screw-gear mechanism or a worm gear mechanism. The self-locking characteristic of the screw-gear mechanism or the worm gear mechanism prevents the external force on the antenna assembly from being transmitted to the motor, thereby protecting the motor. Furthermore, the elastic force applied by the spring allows the relevant transmission components in the screw-gear mechanism or the worm gear mechanism to elastically abut against each other, eliminating transmission gaps, achieving zero backlash, and improving transmission efficiency.

[0078] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific combination of the above-described technical features, but also includes other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above-described features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions as those in the present invention.

[0079] Although the subject matter has been described using language specific to structural features and / or methodological logic, it should be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or actions described above. Rather, the specific features and actions described above are merely illustrative examples of implementing the claims.

Claims

1. An azimuth angle adjustment device, characterized by, The azimuth angle adjusting device comprises a first transmission member, a rotating member and a reversing mechanism, the first transmission member is in transmission connection with the rotating member, the first transmission member is used for receiving external torque to drive the rotating member to rotate horizontally, the rotating member is used for driving an antenna assembly to rotate horizontally, and the reversing mechanism is used for changing the rotating direction of the first transmission member.

2. An azimuth adjustment device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The reversing mechanism comprises a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear in engagement, the second bevel gear is arranged at one end of the first transmission member, and the first bevel gear is used for being in transmission connection with a power source.

3. An azimuth adjustment device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that Along the axis of the first transmission member, the second bevel gear and one of the first transmission members are provided with a plug-in hole, and the other one is provided with a plug-in shaft, the plug-in shaft is in plug-in fixation with the plug-in hole, and the spring is sleeved on the plug-in shaft.

4. An azimuth adjustment device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that The azimuth angle adjusting device further comprises a second transmission member, the second transmission member has the same structure as the first transmission member, the first transmission member and the second transmission member are arranged at an angle and are in engagement with the rotating member, and the reversing mechanism further comprises a third bevel gear arranged at one end of the second transmission member, the third bevel gear is in engagement with the first bevel gear.

5. An azimuth adjustment device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that The azimuth angle adjusting device further comprises a limiting mechanism, the limiting mechanism further comprises a limiting screw and a limiting nut, the limiting screw is fixedly arranged on the first bevel gear and coaxially arranged with the first bevel gear, the limiting nut is sleeved on the limiting screw, both ends of the limiting screw are respectively provided with a stop block, both ends of the limiting nut are respectively provided with a matching block, the two stop blocks correspond to the two matching blocks respectively, and when the stop block abuts against the corresponding matching block, the limiting nut is limited to continue to move linearly in the same direction.

6. An azimuth adjustment device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that The azimuth angle adjusting device further comprises a housing, the first transmission member, the reversing mechanism and the limiting mechanism are arranged in the housing, a screw groove is formed in the housing, the limiting screw is inserted into the screw groove, a guide groove extending along the axial direction of the limiting screw is formed in the groove wall of the screw groove, a guide block is arranged on the limiting nut, and the guide block is inserted into the guide groove.

7. An azimuth adjustment device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that An elastic arm is arranged on the groove bottom of the guide groove, one end of the elastic arm is connected with the guide groove, the other end of the elastic arm is formed with an elastic protrusion, a clamping groove is formed on the guide block, and when the limiting nut moves to the position of the elastic protrusion, the elastic protrusion is clamped in the clamping groove.

8. Azimuth adjustment device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The transmission gear is a sector gear, and the transmission turbine is a sector turbine.

9. An azimuth adjustment device as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that The azimuth angle adjusting device further comprises a loading module, the loading module comprises a fixed shaft arranged at the center of the rotating member and a plurality of fixing members arranged on the side surface of the rotating member, and the fixed shaft and the plurality of fixing members are respectively used for being connected with an antenna assembly.

10. An antenna, characterized by The azimuth angle adjusting device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, an antenna assembly and a radome, wherein the antenna assembly and the azimuth angle adjusting device are arranged in the radome, and the azimuth angle adjusting device is arranged on an end cover of the radome, and the antenna assembly is connected with the rotating member.

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