Compound feed additive for improving chicken loose stool caused by corn protein peptide

Abstract

The invention provides a compound feed additive for improving chicken loose stool caused by corn protein peptide. The compound feed additive consists of potassium bicarbonate and zeolite. The composite additive can effectively improve the problem of loose stool of chickens caused by excessive intake of sulfite, the growth performance of the chickens is not affected, and excessive intake of sulfite by the chickens is caused by intake of corn protein peptides.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of poultry nutrition and feed technology, specifically relating to a compound additive that can improve the problem of loose stools in chickens. Background Technology

[0002] Corn protein peptides are a mixture of small-molecule peptides produced from corn soaking water—a byproduct of corn deep processing—through fermentation, resin adsorption, enzymatic hydrolysis, and filtration. They possess advantages such as high protein content, a balanced amino acid composition, and low anti-nutritional factors. Furthermore, my country's abundant and stable corn resources make corn protein peptides a potential high-quality protein source to replace soybean meal. However, the widespread use of sulfite aqueous solution as a soaking agent in corn starch processing results in high concentrations of sulfite residues in the final product, corn protein peptides. Excessive sulfite intake by poultry can lead to loose stools and even diarrhea. This issue limits the large-scale application of corn protein peptides in chicken feed.

[0003] Currently, methods for removing sulfite residues from corn gluten peptides (such as deep washing and membrane separation) suffer from high costs, low efficiency, and potential nutrient loss, making them difficult to promote and apply in the feed industry. On the other hand, the industry often uses adsorbents such as montmorillonite to temporarily alleviate diarrhea symptoms, but this method only treats the symptoms, not the root cause: while montmorillonite adsorbs harmful substances, it also indiscriminately adsorbs vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients in the feed. Long-term use may lead to nutrient deficiencies and affect the growth performance of chickens.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for an economical and effective solution that can fundamentally solve the problem of loose stools in chickens caused by corn protein peptides without affecting the overall nutritional value of the feed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to solve the problems existing in the prior art and provide a compound additive that can effectively improve the problem of loose stools in chickens caused by replacing soybean meal with corn protein peptides, without affecting the growth performance of chickens. The compound additive is composed of potassium bicarbonate and zeolite in a specific ratio.

[0006] Furthermore, in the compound feed additive, based on the total amount of the basal diet, the content of potassium bicarbonate is 0.06% by weight, so that the electrolyte balance constant is the same as that of the control group (basal diet group).

[0007] Furthermore, in the compound feed additive, based on the total amount of the basal diet, the zeolite content is 0.5% to 2.0% by weight, preferably 1.0%.

[0008] Furthermore, in the compound feed additive, the weight ratio of potassium bicarbonate to zeolite is 0.06:1.

[0009] Another aspect of the present invention provides the application of the compound additive in improving the problem of loose stools in chickens caused by excessive intake of sulfites.

[0010] Specifically, the excessive intake of sulfites in the chickens was caused by the ingestion of corn protein peptides.

[0011] The inventors conducted in-depth research into the root cause of electrolyte imbalance and subsequent diarrhea in chickens due to excessive residual sulfite in corn protein peptides. Unexpectedly, the inventors discovered that combining potassium bicarbonate and zeolite in a specific ratio exhibited a significant synergistic effect in improving corn protein peptide-induced diarrhea, with significantly better results than using either component alone. The mechanism of this synergistic effect is not yet clear, but it may be due to zeolite rapidly adsorbing harmful substances, buying time for intestinal environment repair, while potassium bicarbonate physiologically corrects electrolyte imbalance. The two complement each other, working together to significantly improve diarrhea. Unlike traditional adsorbents like montmorillonite, zeolite has a higher specific surface area and selective adsorption, effectively adsorbing specific harmful substances while significantly reducing the adsorption of key nutrients such as vitamins and minerals in the feed, thus minimizing the impact on the overall nutritional value of the feed.

[0012] In particular, as an unconventional feed ingredient, the application effect of corn protein peptides in broiler feed as a substitute for soybean meal lacks research, and the resulting loose stool problem and its solutions have not been reported domestically or internationally. Therefore, this invention reveals this specific problem for the first time and verifies for the first time the effectiveness of potassium bicarbonate combined with zeolite in addressing this specific problem, providing a solution for the efficient, industrialized, and safe application of corn protein peptides in broiler feed. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 The average fecal moisture content of each group in the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention during the early and late growth stages of broilers;

[0014] Figure 2 The intestinal permeability index for each group in the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention is: D-lactic acid content;

[0015] In the attached figures, * indicates a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05), while no * indicates no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments to help those skilled in the art understand its purpose, technical solution, and advantages. It should be noted that the embodiments are merely examples and do not cover all possible situations.

[0017] Unless otherwise specified, all reagents and equipment used in this invention can be obtained by purchasing commercially available products.

[0018] Experimental Design and Materials:

[0019] Forty-eighty one-day-old male Arbor Acqua broiler chickens of similar weight (purchased from Jiangsu Jinghai Poultry Co., Ltd.) were randomly selected and randomly divided into four groups, with six replicates in each group and 20 chickens in each replicate.

[0020] in:

[0021] Comparative Example 1, i.e., control group (Group A): fed with a basal diet;

[0022] Comparative Example 2, namely, the 4% corn protein peptide group (Group B): 4% corn protein peptide was used to replace the corresponding proportion of soybean meal in the basal diet;

[0023] Comparative Example 3, namely, the 4% corn protein peptide + 0.06% potassium bicarbonate group (Group C): In the basal diet, 4% corn protein peptide was used to replace the corresponding proportion of soybean meal, and 0.06% potassium bicarbonate was added.

[0024] Example 1, namely, the 4% corn protein peptide + 0.06% potassium bicarbonate + 1.0% zeolite group (Group D): In the basal diet, 4% corn protein peptide was used to replace the corresponding proportion of soybean meal, and 0.06% potassium bicarbonate and 1.0% zeolite were added.

[0025] The nutritional levels of the four groups were kept consistent, and the trial period was 42 days. The corn protein peptides were purchased from Zhucheng Haotian Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

[0026] Animal feed and husbandry management:

[0027] The experiment was conducted in accordance with NRC (1994), NY / T 33-2004 Chicken Feeding Standards, and the Chinese Feed Composition and Nutritional Value Table (2022). Pelleted diets were formulated for two stages: 1-21 days of age and 22-42 days of age. The composition and nutritional levels of the basal diets are shown in Table 1 below. The experiment was conducted at the Yizheng Experimental Base of Jiangsu Provincial Poultry Science Research Institute, using stacked cage rearing. The experimental chickens had free access to feed and water. During the experiment, other management measures such as lighting, ventilation, and immunization were implemented in accordance with the feeding management manual.

[0028] [Table 1]

[0029]

[0030] Experimental results:

[0031] 1. Measurement of fecal moisture content

[0032] Feces were collected from broiler chickens on days 18-20 of the early rearing period and days 38-40 of the later rearing period. The weight of the collected fecal samples was recorded, and the moisture content was determined using a drying method at 100℃. The weight of the dried fecal samples was also recorded. The formula for calculating the moisture content of the feces is:

[0033] Fecal moisture content (%) = (Weight of feces before drying - Weight of dry feces) / Weight of feces before drying * 100

[0034] Figure 1 Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are shown, namely, the fecal moisture content of broiler chickens in the early and late growth stages of groups A-D.

[0035] Depend on Figure 1 It can be seen that, compared with group A (basal diet group), the water content of broiler feces in group B (4% corn protein peptide group) did not change significantly in the early stage, but the water content of broiler feces in the later stage increased significantly, showing a significant difference (P<0.05). This indicates that the use of corn protein peptide in feed for a period of time will cause chicken feces to become loose.

[0036] Compared with group B, there was no significant difference in fecal moisture content in group C (4% corn protein peptide + 0.06% potassium bicarbonate group) in the early and late stages (P>0.05). This indicates that when the additive only contains potassium bicarbonate, it does not show a significant effect in improving loose stools in chickens.

[0037] Furthermore, it can be seen that although group D (4% corn protein peptide + 0.06% potassium bicarbonate + 1.0% zeolite) had no significant effect on the fecal moisture content of broilers in the early stage, its fecal moisture content was significantly lower than that of group B in the later stage of broiler rearing, showing a significant difference (P<0.05). This indicates that adding a certain proportion of potassium bicarbonate and zeolite as additives can improve the loose stools induced by corn protein peptides, and potassium bicarbonate and zeolite have a synergistic effect.

[0038] 2. Measurement of intestinal permeability indicators

[0039] On day 42 of the experiment, serum from the broilers was isolated, aliquoted into cryovials, and stored at -80°C for later use. The D-lactic acid (D-Lac) content of each group was determined using kits purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Biotechnology Institute and Wuhan Elite Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and the results are shown below. Figure 2 middle.

[0040] Depend on Figure 2As can be seen, compared with group A, the D-lactic acid content in the serum of broilers in group B was significantly increased, showing a statistically significant difference (P<0.05), indicating increased intestinal permeability. Increased intestinal permeability is not only a result of diarrhea but also one of the causes that promotes the persistence and aggravation of diarrhea, forming a self-amplifying vicious cycle. Therefore, it can be demonstrated that adding corn protein peptides to feed leads to increased intestinal permeability in broilers, thereby causing the aggravation of broiler diarrhea.

[0041] Compared with group B, there was no significant difference in D-lactic acid content in the serum of broilers in group C (P>0.05), indicating that when the additive only contains potassium bicarbonate, it has no significant effect on improving the permeability of the broiler intestine.

[0042] Compared with group B, the D-lactic acid content in the serum of broilers in group D was significantly lower, showing a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). This indicates that when potassium bicarbonate and zeolite are added simultaneously in certain proportions as additives, they can reduce intestinal permeability indicators through synergistic effects, thereby significantly improving diarrhea induced by corn protein peptides. This is consistent with the results in "1. Measurement of fecal moisture content" above.

[0043] 3. Growth performance and meat quality

[0044] On the 42nd day of the experiment, the weight of broilers in both the example and comparative groups was measured on an empty stomach. Feed intake for each replicate in each group was recorded. If any mortality occurred during a replicate, feed was promptly removed, and the new feed intake was updated. The average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed conversion ratio (F / G) of broilers in each group from 1 to 42 days of age were calculated. The calculation formulas are as follows:

[0045] Average daily weight gain = (final weight - initial weight) / number of days in the trial

[0046] Average daily feed intake = Total feed intake / Number of days in the experiment

[0047] Feed conversion ratio = Average daily feed intake / Average daily weight gain

[0048] At 42 days of age, one chicken with a weight close to the average was selected from each replicate. After slaughter and dissection, the left pectoralis major muscle was uniformly harvested for meat quality testing. The brightness, redness, and yellowness of the pectoralis major muscle were measured using an automated colorimeter (CR-400, Konica Minolta, Japan). Water loss was measured using the filter paper squeezing method. pH was measured by directly inserting a pH meter (PH-STAR, Metersbonwe, Germany) into the pectoralis major muscle. Three test points were used, and the average value was taken. Specific methods followed the guidelines in NY / T 1333—2017 "Determination of Meat Quality of Livestock and Poultry". Shear force was measured according to NY / T 118—2006 "Determination of Meat Tenderness: Shear Force Test".

[0049] The results of the growth performance and meat quality measurements are shown in Tables 2 and 3 below.

[0050] [Table 2]

[0051]

[0052] [Table 3]

[0053]

[0054] According to Tables 2 and 3, it can be seen that there was no significant difference in broiler growth performance and meat quality between group D and group B (P>0.05). Therefore, based on the above experimental results, the compound additive of potassium bicarbonate and zeolite can improve broiler diarrhea caused by corn protein peptides, while having no negative impact on broiler growth performance and meat quality.

Claims

1. A compound feed additive, characterized in that, The compound feed additive is composed of potassium bicarbonate and zeolite.

2. The compound feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the total amount of the basal diet, the compound feed additive contains, by weight fraction, 0.06% potassium bicarbonate and 0.5% to 2.0% zeolite.

3. The compound feed additive according to claim 2, characterized in that, The content of the zeolite is 1.0%.

4. The compound feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the compound feed additive, the weight ratio of potassium bicarbonate to zeolite is 0.06:

1.

5. The application of the compound feed additive according to claim 1 in improving the problem of loose stools in chickens caused by excessive intake of sulfites.

6. In the application according to claim 5, the excessive intake of sulfites in the chicken is caused by the intake of corn protein peptides.

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