Sit-up counting device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a sit-up counting device and method. The sit-up counting device comprises a core control module, a pressure sensing detection module, a photoelectric sensing detection module and a man-machine interaction module, the pressure sensing detection module comprises pressure sensor groups which are arranged on the bearing pad and correspond to different body parts of a human body, and is used for detecting pressure signals of the corresponding parts; the photoelectric sensing detection module comprises a photoelectric sensor group which is arranged near a human hand corresponding to the bearing pad and is used for detecting a movement track signal of the hand; the core control module is respectively connected with the pressure sensing detection module, the photoelectric sensing detection module and the man-machine interaction module, and is used for receiving the pressure signal and the movement track signal, executing counting logic and counting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of motion counting equipment technology, specifically to a sit-up counting device and method. Background Technology

[0002] As a common physical training and assessment exercise, the accuracy of sit-ups directly affects the evaluation of training effectiveness and the fairness of assessment results. Currently, sit-up counting mainly relies on two methods: manual counting and traditional simple counting devices.

[0003] Manual counting has obvious drawbacks: on the one hand, counting personnel are prone to inaccurate counting due to fatigue and subjective judgment bias, especially in large-scale assessment scenarios, where the error rate is high; on the other hand, manual counting cannot record timing information simultaneously, making it difficult to meet the needs of assessment timing modes.

[0004] Existing traditional simple counting devices mostly use a single sensor for detection, such as a pressure sensor to detect changes in body posture or a photoelectric sensor to detect limb movement trajectories. These devices suffer from poor adaptability, failing to meet the needs of users with different body types. Furthermore, their simple counting logic makes them prone to miscounting due to non-standard limb movements (such as localized shaking), resulting in insufficient counting accuracy. In addition, most existing devices are limited in function, lacking practical features such as mode switching and sensor calibration, and their power supply stability is poor, making it difficult to meet the needs of diverse usage scenarios (such as indoor training and outdoor assessments).

[0005] Therefore, developing a sit-up counting device that is accurate, adaptable, fully functional, and has a stable power supply has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a sit-up counting device and method, which aims to overcome at least one related technical problem existing in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A sit-up counting device includes a core control module, a pressure sensing and detection module, a photoelectric sensing and detection module, and a human-computer interaction module.

[0009] The pressure sensing and detection module includes a group of pressure sensors arranged on the support pad corresponding to different parts of the human body, used to detect pressure signals at the corresponding parts;

[0010] The photoelectric sensing detection module includes a group of photoelectric sensors arranged near the human hand on the support pad, used to detect the movement trajectory signal of the hand;

[0011] The core control module is connected to the pressure sensing and detection module, the photoelectric sensing and detection module and the human-machine interaction module respectively, and is used to receive the pressure signal and the motion trajectory signal, and execute counting logic;

[0012] The counting logic includes: determining whether the user is in a ready posture based on the pressure signal; if in a ready posture, when the pressure signal meets the preset action initiation condition and the photoelectric sensor group detects that the hand has completed a preset trajectory movement, determining that a standard sit-up has been completed and counting is performed.

[0013] In some optional embodiments, the pressure sensor group includes at least three pressure detection zones respectively corresponding to the shoulder, hip, and foot areas of the human body; each pressure detection zone is provided with multiple thin-film pressure sensors;

[0014] The photoelectric sensor group includes at least two photoelectric detection units respectively corresponding to the left and right hands of the human body; each photoelectric detection unit includes a first photoelectric sensor for detecting the starting position of the hand and a second photoelectric sensor for detecting the ending position of the hand.

[0015] In some optional implementations, the human-computer interaction module includes a display unit, operation buttons, and a voice broadcast unit;

[0016] The operation buttons are used to switch between normal counting mode and assessment timing mode; in the assessment timing mode, the core control module is also used to perform a countdown while executing the counting logic.

[0017] In some optional implementations, a power supply module is also included, which includes a power management unit for converting the battery voltage into multiple different voltage levels to provide a suitable and stable operating voltage for the core control module, the pressure sensing and detection module, the photoelectric sensing and detection module, and the human-machine interaction module.

[0018] In some optional implementations, the core control module is further configured to: in response to a calibration command, acquire initial signals from the pressure sensing module and the photoelectric sensing module, and set a threshold for subsequent judgment based on the initial signals.

[0019] This embodiment also provides a sit-up counting method, applied to any of the sit-up counting devices described above, the method comprising:

[0020] The pressure sensing and detection module detects pressure signals from different parts of the human body.

[0021] The photoelectric sensing detection module detects the movement trajectory signal of the human hand;

[0022] Based on the pressure signal, determine whether the user is in a ready posture;

[0023] If the patient is in a ready position, the pressure signal is matched with a preset first action condition to detect the start of the action.

[0024] After the start of the action is detected, the motion trajectory signal is matched with the preset second action condition to verify that the hand has completed a preset trajectory movement.

[0025] When both the first action condition and the second action condition are met simultaneously, it is determined that a standard sit-up has been completed, and a count is performed.

[0026] In some optional implementations, determining whether the user is in a ready posture based on the pressure signal includes:

[0027] When the pressure signals of the corresponding shoulder, hip, and foot areas all exceed their respective preset pressure thresholds, the user is determined to be in a ready posture.

[0028] The first action condition is that the pressure signal in the shoulder area is lower than its preset pressure threshold, and the pressure signals in the hip area and foot area remain higher than their respective preset pressure thresholds.

[0029] In some optional implementations, the second action condition includes:

[0030] After the start of the action is detected, the photoelectric sensor at the starting position of the hand is triggered;

[0031] Subsequently, the photoelectric sensor corresponding to the endpoint of the same hand was triggered;

[0032] Ultimately, the photoelectric sensors at both the starting and ending positions were detected to have returned to an untriggered state.

[0033] In some optional implementations, a mode execution step is also included:

[0034] In response to the mode selection command, enter the assessment timing mode;

[0035] A fixed-duration countdown is started while the counting step is being performed;

[0036] When the countdown ends, stop counting and output the final count result.

[0037] In some optional implementations, a calibration step is also included:

[0038] In response to a calibration command, the device is controlled to acquire initial signals from the pressure sensor and photoelectric sensor in a user-free state.

[0039] Based on the initial signal, the relevant thresholds in the first and second action conditions used for judgment are automatically set or adjusted.

[0040] The beneficial effects that the sit-up counting device and method disclosed in this application may bring include, but are not limited to:

[0041] 1. Smooth lifting and adaptive off-center load: The mechanical forced synchronization of the left and right winches, together with the symmetrically arranged pulley system, ensures that the equipment pallet remains level during the lifting process. Even if the load center of gravity shifts, it can be forced to level, which greatly improves the safety and smoothness of operation and avoids jamming and impact caused by tilting.

[0042] 2. Simple and labor-saving operation: The pulley system significantly reduces the force required to operate the winch, making it possible to manually operate heavy equipment. It is especially suitable for use in environments without power or with limited space, reducing the physical requirements for operators.

[0043] 3. Functional integration and precise alignment: Based on stable lifting, it integrates forward and backward movement, left and right movement and tilt angle fine adjustment functions, realizing full controllability and precise operation of the equipment from disassembly to installation and alignment.

[0044] 4. Compact structure and strong adaptability: The modular design facilitates transportation and rapid on-site assembly, and can effectively adapt to various small and non-standard working spaces.

[0045] 5. Good versatility: The height of the gantry and the size of the pallet can be adjusted according to the different sizes of energy storage cabinets and equipment, making it widely applicable. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a counting logic flowchart of the sit-up counting device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 2 This is a system structure block diagram of the sit-up counting device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0048] Various exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote elements that have the same or similar functions. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, they are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated otherwise.

[0049] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a sit-up counting device. To address the technical problem of inaccurate counting caused by relying on a single sensor in the prior art, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a sit-up counting device, comprising a core control module, a pressure sensing detection module, a photoelectric sensing detection module, and a human-computer interaction module. By setting up two types of sensors with different principles—the pressure sensing detection module and the photoelectric sensing detection module—a dual action verification mechanism is constructed. The core control module first determines the core action of the sit-up, namely "rising" and "falling," based on changes in pressure signals from the body trunk (such as shoulders and buttocks); simultaneously, it uses the photoelectric sensing detection module to independently verify the arm movement trajectory, determining whether the auxiliary step of the standard action, "raising," has been completed. Only when the signal logic of both types of sensors meets the preset conditions is it considered a valid count. This collaborative detection mechanism fundamentally avoids false counting caused by only triggering a single sensor signal due to user local shaking, non-standard abdominal contraction, etc., significantly improving the accuracy of counting.

[0051] Both the pressure sensing module and the photoelectric sensing module are physically mounted on a support pad (such as a yoga mat), and their signal output terminals are connected to the input port of the core control module through corresponding circuits (such as analog-to-digital converter circuits and optocoupler isolation circuits). The input / output terminals of the human-machine interaction module are connected to the core control module to receive control signals and provide feedback.

[0052] It should be noted that the pressure sensing module is not limited to thin-film pressure sensors; any sensor array capable of detecting pressure distribution or changes in contact area (such as a capacitive pressure sensor array) can achieve similar functionality. Similarly, the photoelectric sensing module is not limited to diffuse reflection photoelectric sensors; through-beam photoelectric sensors, infrared distance sensors, or cameras combined with image recognition algorithms, as long as they can detect whether a hand has reached a specific area, can all serve as equivalent alternatives.

[0053] To further optimize the adaptability and reliability of the detection, this embodiment adopts the following technical solution: the pressure sensor group is set up with at least three pressure detection areas, corresponding to the shoulders, hips and feet respectively; the photoelectric sensor group is set up with at least two photoelectric detection units, corresponding to the left and right hands respectively, and each unit includes a start point and an end point sensor. Specifically: (1) Setting up pressure detection areas for three key body parts can accurately capture the typical change patterns of the body's contact state with the mat during sit-ups (such as shoulders leaving the ground, hips and feet maintaining contact), providing a richer and more reliable signal source for the logical judgment of the "sit-up" action. (2) Arranging multiple sensors in each area can form a small sensor array, which can adapt to the differences in pressure distribution points of users of different body types, ensuring that no matter what the user's body type is, there will always be a sensor that can be effectively triggered, greatly enhancing the adaptability of the device. (3) Setting up independent start point and end point photoelectric sensors for each hand can clearly define the start and end positions of the "lifting" action, accurately verify whether the arm has completed the standard trajectory from the initial position to the specified height (such as touching the knee or exceeding a certain plane), and further filter out incomplete or incorrect arm movements.

[0054] Working Process: When the user lies down, the core control module continuously monitors the combined pressure values ​​of three areas. When the pressure in all areas exceeds the threshold, the system is deemed ready. At the start of the movement, the pressure value in the shoulder area drops below the threshold, while the pressure in the hips and feet remains constant, triggering the movement initiation judgment. Subsequently, the system alternately scans the starting photoelectric sensors corresponding to the left and right hands. Once either sensor is triggered (hand leaves the starting point), it immediately monitors the corresponding ending sensor until that sensor is also triggered (hand reaches the ending point), thus recording a valid arm trajectory.

[0055] Specifically, the division of the pressure detection zone is not limited to the three mentioned above; areas such as the waist can be added depending on the motion model. The number and position of the photoelectric detection units can be adjusted according to the assessment criteria. For example, when the assessment does not require the arms to be crossed and touching the shoulders, a single detection unit can be set only above the chest.

[0056] To enrich the device's functions to meet different application scenarios and provide a user-friendly human-computer interaction experience, this embodiment adopts the following technical solutions: The human-computer interaction module includes a display unit, operation buttons for mode switching, and a voice broadcast unit. Specifically: (1) By setting a mode switching function (such as normal counting mode and assessment timing mode), the same device can meet both the random counting needs of daily training and the seriousness and standardization requirements of timed assessments, greatly expanding the application scope of the device. (2) The voice broadcast unit can broadcast the count in real time when the user's action is completed, and give clear prompts when switching modes and when the timing starts / ends, so that the user can know the key information without having to look at the screen. It is especially suitable for use when focusing on training or when the coach is supervising remotely, improving the intuitiveness and convenience of the interaction.

[0057] Working process: After the user selects the "Assessment Timing Mode" via the operation buttons, the core control module simultaneously starts the internal timer when counting begins. The display unit simultaneously refreshes and displays the current count and the remaining countdown time. Each time the count increments by 1, the voice broadcast unit announces a prompt such as "First time," "Second time," etc. When the timer ends, the voice broadcast unit announces "Time's up, total completed X times."

[0058] It should be noted that the operation buttons can be replaced with virtual buttons on the touchscreen. The voice broadcast unit can be replaced with different types of prompts, such as a buzzer (using different sound patterns to represent different events) or a vibration motor (providing haptic feedback).

[0059] To ensure that all electronic components in the device receive stable and compatible voltages under different operating conditions, thereby improving overall reliability and battery life, this embodiment adopts the following technical solution: The device also includes a power supply module with a power management unit for converting the battery voltage to multiple different voltage levels. Its working principle and beneficial effects are as follows: Different electronic components (such as microcontrollers, sensors, and displays) typically require different operating voltages (such as 3.3V, 5V, and 12V). By setting up an integrated power management unit to efficiently and stably convert a single battery voltage to these required voltages, it is possible to avoid device malfunctions, performance degradation, or even damage caused by voltage mismatch or voltage fluctuations. Simultaneously, optimized power management helps reduce overall power consumption and extend battery life, which is crucial for outdoor or unreliable power supply scenarios.

[0060] Specifically: The positive and negative terminals of the battery are connected to the input terminals of the power management unit. The power management unit has multiple voltage output terminals, which are connected to the corresponding module power input terminals via wires or circuit board traces.

[0061] Optionally, the power management unit can be a combination of a discrete component DC-DC converter circuit and an LDO linear regulator circuit, or it can be a dedicated power management chip (PMIC) that integrates these functions. The battery type is not limited to lithium batteries; it can also be nickel-metal hydride batteries or dry cell batteries, as long as the voltage is within the input range of the power management unit.

[0062] To address signal drift caused by individual sensor variations, changes in the usage environment, and long-term use, and to ensure the device maintains optimal detection sensitivity, this invention employs the following technical solution: The core control module is also configured to execute sensor calibration procedures. Its working principle and beneficial effects are as follows: By setting the calibration function, the device can automatically collect signal reference values ​​from each sensor under "unmanned state" (no load) and / or "standard posture state" when first used or when the user perceives inaccurate counting. Based on these reference values, the core control module dynamically calculates and updates the pressure threshold and the reference level of the photoelectric trigger logic used for subsequent judgments. This effectively eliminates systematic errors introduced by factors such as different sensor batches, differences in the hardness of the yoga mat substrate, and changes in environmental temperature and humidity, enabling the device to have adaptive accuracy for different users and different usage environments, reducing the usage threshold and maintenance requirements.

[0063] Operating Process: After the user triggers the calibration button, the device prompts the user to leave the mat via voice or screen. The core control module collects the no-load signal values ​​of all pressure and photoelectric sensors under the current environment and stores them as the "zero-point reference." Subsequently, it prompts the user to lie in a standard posture, and collects the signal at this time as the "full-load reference." Finally, the system automatically calculates a reasonable judgment threshold (such as taking a certain percentage of the difference between the zero-point and full-load signal values ​​as the trigger threshold) and stores it in non-volatile memory.

[0064] The calibration process can be fully automated or allow users to fine-tune it via buttons (such as "sensitivity +" or "sensitivity -"). Calibration data can be stored in the Flash memory built into the core control module or in an external EEPROM.

[0065] like Figure 2 As shown, in a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for counting sit-ups.

[0066] To achieve high-precision automatic counting of sit-ups, this embodiment adopts the following technical solution: The method is applied to the aforementioned device and includes: detecting pressure and photoelectric signals, determining the ready posture, matching the first action condition (torso movement), matching the second action condition (arm trajectory), and jointly determining and counting.

[0067] Specifically, this method deconstructs the continuous movement of a sit-up into two independently detectable sub-movements: "torso rising and falling" and "arm raising," and verifies them collaboratively through a rigorous logical process. The procedural method description defines the core algorithm for the device software operation, ensuring the consistency and repeatability of counting judgments. The beneficial effect of this method, corresponding to the device, is the protection of the inventive concept from the perspective of methodological steps.

[0068] Working process: After the system is powered on, it continuously executes the signal acquisition and logic judgment process. When the pressure signal sequence meets the condition of "ready posture - action start", the process switches to the arm trajectory verification subprocess; only when the arm trajectory verification subprocess also returns a successful result, and the torso finally returns to the ready posture, does the entire process output a valid count signal.

[0069] The order of the judgment logic can be slightly adjusted. For example, the start of the arm trajectory can be judged first, and then the start of the torso movement can be verified. As long as the final judgment is based on the combination of the two types of signals, it is an equivalent variation of the process.

[0070] To accurately define the two key states, "ready posture" and "action initiation," and to ensure the rigor and reliability of the counting logic, this embodiment explicitly defines the "stress at the shoulders, hips, and feet all exceeding the threshold" as the ready posture; and defines the "shoulder pressure below the threshold while hip and foot pressure remains constant" as the first action condition. Its working principle and beneficial effects are: by using clear and quantifiable signal conditions to define each stage of the action, the counting logic is freed from fuzzy judgments and is entirely based on objective sensor data. This definition method closely integrates the biomechanical characteristics of the standard sit-up movement (shoulders lift off the ground first, with the hips and feet acting as fulcrums), effectively eliminating deceptive movements that do not produce effective work, such as "only lifting the head" or "twisting the body."

[0071] The aforementioned thresholds can be fixed empirical values ​​or dynamic values ​​obtained through a calibration process. The determination of "maintaining" can be either that the pressure value remains consistently above the threshold for a certain period of time, or that minor fluctuations are permissible.

[0072] Detailed explanation of thresholds and their judgment logic

[0073] I. Definition and Function of Threshold

[0074] In the sit-up counting device and method of the present invention, the threshold is a reference value used for action determination. Its core function is to convert the continuous physical signals (such as pressure magnitude) or discrete states (such as photoelectric obstruction) collected by the sensor into logical judgment conditions that the program can process, thereby converting the user's actual action into a digital event of "yes" or "no".

[0075] Specifically:

[0076] For pressure sensors, the threshold is represented by a specific pressure value. When the pressure value detected by the sensor is higher than the threshold, the program determines that the corresponding body part (such as the shoulder, hip, or foot) has made stable contact with the mat surface; conversely, when the pressure value is lower than or equal to the threshold, it determines that the part has left or has not been pressed firmly against the mat surface.

[0077] For photoelectric sensors, the threshold is usually processed into a digital signal level by the sensor hardware. The program reads this level to directly determine whether the hand has reached the specified detection position (such as the start or end point).

[0078] Therefore, the threshold constitutes the key link between the user's actual actions and the internal logic judgment of the device, and is the basis for realizing action recognition and counting quantification.

[0079] II. Sources and Setting Methods of Thresholds

[0080] To ensure that the device maintains counting accuracy under different users and in different environments, this invention employs two complementary threshold setting methods:

[0081] 1. Factory pre-calibrated threshold:

[0082] During the device manufacturing phase, a large amount of sensor data is collected by inviting multiple test subjects of different body types to perform tests in a controlled laboratory environment while maintaining standard postures. After statistical analysis (e.g., taking a safe percentage of the median of all samples), a set of default thresholds applicable to most people is obtained. This set of thresholds is pre-written into the memory of the device's core control module, ensuring that it works without complex setup upon first use.

[0083] 2. User-adaptive calibration threshold (a key function of this invention):

[0084] To overcome the effects of individual sensor differences, user body size variations, and changes in the usage environment (such as mat firmness and temperature), the device has a built-in one-click calibration function. After the user initiates the calibration process, the device will guide them through the following steps:

[0085] Acquire no-load reference signal: The device prompts the user to leave the mat, and then automatically acquires and records the signal values ​​of all sensors in the no-load state as the minimum reference value.

[0086] Acquire standard posture reference signal: The device prompts the user to lie down in a standard starting posture and remain stable, and then collects and records the signal values ​​of each sensor under full load as the maximum reference value.

[0087] Dynamic Threshold Calculation: The device automatically calculates new judgment thresholds based on the collected reference values ​​using a built-in algorithm. Taking a pressure sensor as an example, the threshold calculation formula can be expressed as: Threshold = Minimum Reference Value + (Maximum Reference Value - Minimum Reference Value) × Proportional Coefficient. The proportional coefficient is preset according to ergonomic principles. For example, a smaller coefficient for the shoulder (e.g., 0.3) means that a slight drop in shoulder pressure can trigger a judgment, consistent with the shoulder-first movement characteristic when standing up; a larger coefficient for the hips and feet (e.g., 0.6) requires these areas to maintain higher pressure to ensure they act as stable support points and prevent misjudgments due to slight loosening.

[0088] Storing and applying the new threshold: The calculated new threshold will be stored in non-volatile memory and will take effect immediately for all subsequent action determinations. This allows the device to adapt to the specific circumstances of the current user.

[0089] III. Threshold-based judgment logic and program behavior

[0090] The core control program of the device is a state machine-based logic system. The threshold judgment result is the sole basis for driving the system to correctly transition between different states. The behavior of the program depends entirely on the comparison result between the sensor signal and the threshold.

[0091] Taking the process of the system transitioning from the "ready" state to the "monitoring getting up" state as an example, the judgment logic is explained:

[0092] 1. Once ready, the program continuously monitors the pressure values ​​at the shoulders, hips, and feet.

[0093] 2. The program determines a valid action start if and only if all three of the following conditions are met simultaneously:

[0094] Shoulder pressure is below its set threshold.

[0095] The hip pressure is higher than its set threshold.

[0096] Foot pressure exceeds its set threshold.

[0097] 3. Once the above conditions are met, the program will immediately perform the following actions:

[0098] The system transitions from the "Ready" state to the "Monitoring and Getting Ready" state.

[0099] Start a timeout timer (e.g., 5 seconds) and automatically reset if subsequent actions are not completed within the specified time to prevent system deadlock.

[0100] The detection logic of the photoelectric sensor is activated to prepare for verifying the arm trajectory.

[0101] For all other signal combinations that do not meet the above threshold conditions, the program will treat them as invalid actions or interference and take corresponding processing strategies:

[0102] If the shoulder pressure does not decrease, it means the user has not yet started to get up. The program remains in the "ready" state and continues to wait.

[0103] If shoulder pressure decreases along with a significant decrease in hip or leg pressure, this may indicate that the user is adjusting their posture or making non-standard twisting movements. The program will ignore this signal change, not switch states, and continue to remain in the "Ready" state.

[0104] If only the pressure in the hips or feet decreases, this is considered an interference unrelated to sit-ups (such as leg movement), and the program ignores it, maintaining the current state.

[0105] In summary, the judgment logic of this invention is a rigorous "gate" system. The threshold is the opening and closing condition for each gate. The user's actions must strictly follow a standard sequence, sequentially satisfying each condition set by the threshold, in order to successfully pass through all gates and ultimately complete a valid count. Any actions that do not meet the conditions will be filtered out by the system, thus ensuring the accuracy and rigor of the counting.

[0106] The threshold management mechanism of this invention combines general factory pre-calibration with personalized on-site adaptive calibration, enabling the device to flexibly adapt to various usage scenarios. Furthermore, the multi-state judgment logic, built upon thresholds and possessing anti-interference capabilities, ensures that only standard sit-up movements that fully conform to biomechanical principles can be accurately counted. This design fundamentally solves the core problems of high false counting rates and poor adaptability in traditional solutions, and is the fundamental guarantee for achieving the high-precision counting goal of this invention.

[0107] To precisely define the "standard arm trajectory" and ensure accurate verification of arm movements, this invention refines the second action condition into a sequence of "starting point trigger → corresponding ending point trigger → both starting and ending points reset." This sequence defines a complete, directed motion trajectory. It requires not only that the hand leave the initial position (starting point trigger) and reach the designated position (ending point trigger), but also that the hand must retract and return to the initial position after the movement is completed (both ends reset). This "reset" requirement is crucial; it prevents users from keeping their hands in the ending position and using only torso movements to manipulate the count, ensuring that each count corresponds to a complete and standard coordinated arm movement.

[0108] Of course, in some application scenarios (such as exercise for young children), the process can be simplified, requiring only that "the endpoint is triggered" to be considered as the completion of the arm movement, without strictly requiring the starting state and reset.

[0109] To adapt the method to the important application scenario of timed assessments, this invention adds a mode execution step, including entering the assessment timing mode, starting the countdown, and outputting the result upon completion. This step organically integrates the "counting" and "timing" functions at the process level. In the assessment timing mode, the main counting loop and the timer run in parallel. The end of the timer, as a global event, terminates the counting loop and triggers the result aggregation and output process. This allows the method to not only output the number of actions but also assess the user's athletic ability within a strict time frame, thus improving the method's functionality.

[0110] Working process: When the mode flag is set to "Assessment Mode" and a start command is received, the system starts the signal acquisition and counting loop while loading a preset countdown duration (e.g., 120 seconds) and beginning to decrease it. The display and voice broadcast sub-processes simultaneously handle the counting and remaining time information. When the timer reaches zero, the system immediately exits the counting loop and calls the result output process.

[0111] To achieve system adaptability at the method level and improve its robustness and user experience, this invention adopts the following technical solution: a calibration step is added to the method, including acquiring initial signals and automatically setting adjustment thresholds. This method dynamically correlates the hardware characteristics of the sensor with the software judgment logic. By executing the calibration step, the method can obtain the actual signal range in the current environment and adaptively update the threshold parameters used for comparison in the process. This is equivalent to giving the method the ability to "learn on its own" and "adapt to the environment," enabling devices based on this method to cope with more complex usage environments while maintaining judgment accuracy.

[0112] Calibration can be a global calibration of all thresholds, or a local recalibration for a specific sensor that the user is not satisfied with. Threshold adjustment algorithms can be simple percentage methods or more complex statistical methods.

[0113] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with a preferred embodiment.

[0114] System Overall Structure and Working Principle Overview

[0115] The system in this embodiment consists of two parts: hardware and control software, which work together to achieve accurate counting. The hardware is a smart yoga mat integrating various sensors and a main unit integrating control and interaction units. Its core idea is to detect the user's torso (shoulders, hips, and feet) rising and falling through a network of pressure sensors distributed on the mat, while simultaneously detecting the standardized movement trajectory of the user's arms through photoelectric sensors distributed on both sides of the mat. Only when the two conditions—"the torso completes one standard rise and fall" and "both arms sequentially complete one prescribed trajectory from the starting point to the end point"—are logically sequentially related and both are met, does the system determine it as a valid sit-up and begin counting.

[0116] Hardware system implementation

[0117] 1. Core control unit

[0118] The control center of this system is a high-performance embedded microcontroller, which is responsible for running all control logic. This controller has multiple analog signal input interfaces, digital signal input / output interfaces, and serial communication interfaces, and can simultaneously process multiple sensor signals and drive peripherals such as displays and voice inputs.

[0119] 2. Specific implementation of the sensing and detection unit

[0120] Trunk posture stress detection network:

[0121] Placement: Multiple flexible pressure sensing units are embedded inside the smart yoga mat. These units are divided into three logical detection groups: the first group is located in the area below the shoulder blades when the user is lying flat; the second group is located in the area corresponding to the sacrum in the hips; and the third group is located in the area where the heels rest. Each group contains multiple sensing units, which are covered in a mesh pattern to ensure effective triggering for users of different body types.

[0122] Connections and Signals: The outputs (analog voltage signals) of all pressure sensing units are connected to a high-precision, multi-channel analog-to-digital converter. This circuit amplifies the weak analog signals and converts them into digital signals, which are then sent to the core control unit for real-time processing via a high-speed serial bus.

[0123] Arm movement trajectory photoelectric detection unit:

[0124] Setup: Two sets of photoelectric detection devices are installed on each of the left and right edges of the yoga mat. The first set, located on the outer side of the user's palm when the arm is naturally flat, is defined as the "starting point detector"; the second set, located in front of the knee where the fingertips should reach when the user sits up and moves the arm forward, is defined as the "ending point detector". The two sets of detectors have a certain height difference in the vertical direction to distinguish different positions of the arm.

[0125] Connections and Signals: The operating status (whether an object is detected) of each photodetector is output as a digital switch signal. To prevent external interference, these digital signals are first electrically isolated by an opto-isolation circuit before being sent to the digital input port of the core control unit.

[0126] 3. Human-Computer Interaction Unit

[0127] This unit provides users with an interface for control and information feedback.

[0128] Display interface: A color LCD screen is used, which is connected to the core control unit via a serial bus to display information such as the current working mode, real-time count, and remaining time.

[0129] Input Buttons: Three function buttons are provided, each connected to a general-purpose input / output port of the core control unit. Through software configuration, these three buttons respectively perform the functions of "mode switching," "start / reset count," and "start sensor calibration."

[0130] Voice prompt module: This module receives instructions and text information sent by the core control unit through a serial communication interface, and converts them into clear Chinese voice for playback, used to announce counts, prompt operations, and report results.

[0131] 4. Power Supply and Management Unit

[0132] The system is powered by a rechargeable lithium battery. To meet the different requirements of various components for operating voltage and current purity, a multi-stage power management circuit is implemented. This circuit first stably converts the battery voltage into an intermediate DC voltage, and then generates multiple independent and stable DC voltages through a high-efficiency switching power supply circuit and a low-noise linear regulator circuit. These voltages power the sensor network, digital logic circuit, microcontroller, and display and voice modules, ensuring stable operation of the entire system under any operating conditions.

[0133] 5. Load-bearing and integrated structure

[0134] All of the aforementioned sensors are precisely encapsulated within a specially designed yoga mat. The mat employs a multi-layered composite structure: the bottom layer is made of anti-slip and shock-absorbing material; the middle layer contains the sensors and signal cables; and the surface layer is made of highly elastic, wear-resistant, and skin-friendly material, ensuring a smooth surface at the sensor locations without protrusions or depressions to guarantee comfort and accuracy. All cables converge at a sealed control box at one end of the mat, which integrates the core control unit, power supply unit, and human-machine interface unit.

[0135] Software logic and workflow implementation

[0136] The system's software logic revolves around a main loop program and a core state machine.

[0137] 1. Main Program Flow

[0138] After the system starts, all hardware modules are initialized first, and then the main loop is entered. Within the main loop, the program executes the following tasks sequentially:

[0139] Scan the button status and respond to user commands such as mode switching, start, and calibration.

[0140] Read and process data from all sensors periodically (filtering, calibration).

[0141] Execute the logical judgment of the "core counting state machine".

[0142] Update the displayed content and trigger voice broadcast based on the status and result.

[0143] 2. Core Counting State Machine

[0144] The state machine defines the various stages in the counting process and their transition conditions:

[0145] Status A: Waiting to start. The system is in standby mode, displaying the main interface.

[0146] Status B: Ready. After the user presses the "Start" button, the system continuously monitors the pressure detection network. The system determines that the user is in a standard starting supine position and enters this status only when the pressure values ​​in the shoulder, hip, and foot areas simultaneously exceed their respective preset thresholds. The screen will display "Ready".

[0147] State C: Monitoring the initiation of trunk movement. In the "Ready" state, the system continuously monitors pressure changes. When the shoulder pressure value drops below its threshold while the hip and leg pressure values ​​remain above the threshold, the system determines that the user has begun to stand up and enters this state.

[0148] State D: Verify arm movement trajectory. Upon entering this state, the system starts a timer (to prevent timeout) and begins rigorously verifying arm movements. The verification logic is as follows: The following sequence must be detected in order: "The starting point detector of the same-side hand is triggered (hand leaves)" → "The ending point detector of the same-side hand is triggered (hand reaches its highest point)" → "Both the starting and ending point detectors of that side return to an untriggered state (hand retracts)". This verification is performed independently for the left and right hands, typically using the side that is triggered first as the standard.

[0149] Status E: Confirmed completion of the movement. After the arm trajectory verification is successful, the system waits for the user's body to return to its normal position. When the shoulder pressure value rises again and exceeds its threshold, a complete sit-up cycle is considered complete.

[0150] The counting and looping process is complete. Once the conditions of state E are met, the system determines that a standard action has been completed, increments the total counter by 1, immediately announces the current count via voice, and updates the screen display. Subsequently, the status automatically transitions back to "State B: Ready," waiting for the user to begin the next action.

[0151] (This closed loop from B to E and back to B fully realizes the "multi-sensor signal collaborative judgment" method.)

[0152] 3. Implementation of the assessment time-based mode

[0153] When a user sets the work mode to "Assessment Mode" by pressing a button, the system activates the timer function.

[0154] As the user presses the "Start" button and the system transitions from state A to state B, a 120-second countdown timer is started.

[0155] In the main loop, the countdown time is calculated in real time and displayed on the screen.

[0156] Key control logic: At any point during the state machine's operation, if the system detects that the 120-second countdown has ended, it will immediately forcibly interrupt the current counting process and reset the state machine to "State A: Waiting to start". Simultaneously, the system calls the result summary function, loudly announces the final number of completions via the voice broadcast module, and locks the total score and total time displayed on the screen.

[0157] (This process fully demonstrates the workflow of "starting the countdown and outputting the result when it ends")

[0158] 4. Implementation of the Adaptive Calibration Process

[0159] The system has a built-in one-click calibration function to address differences in sensor characteristics or changes in the usage environment.

[0160] After the user presses and holds the "calibrate" button, the system enters the calibration subroutine and guides the user via voice.

[0161] Step 1: Acquire no-load reference. A voice prompt will say, "Please leave the mat." After the user leaves, the system automatically acquires and records the signal values ​​of all pressure sensors and photoelectric detectors in the unattended state, serving as the "zero-point reference."

[0162] Step 2: Acquire standard posture reference. A voice prompt will say, "Please lie down in the standard starting position." Once the system detects that the user is lying stably, it will automatically acquire and record the signal values ​​of each sensor at this time, serving as the "full-scale reference."

[0163] Step 3: Dynamically calculate the threshold. Based on the "zero reference" and the "full-scale reference", the system automatically calculates the pressure threshold used for state judgment using a built-in algorithm (for example, taking a certain percentage point of the difference between the two), and stores these new thresholds in non-volatile memory for use by the main program later.

[0164] Step 4: Photoelectric reference confirmation. The user is prompted by voice to cover the start and end point detector positions on the left and right sides in sequence with their hands. The system records the signal level at the time of triggering as the reference.

[0165] After calibration, the system restarts and runs with the new parameters.

[0166] Example of complete system operation process

[0167] Step 1: Preparation: Lay out the smart mat and turn on the power. Select "Assessment Mode (120 seconds)" using the button.

[0168] Step 2: Start the test: The user presses the "Start" button, lies down on the mat, and assumes the correct posture (arms placed next to the starting point detector). When the shoulders, hips, and feet are all firmly pressed, the screen displays "Ready" and a countdown "02:00".

[0169] Step 3: Actions and Counting:

[0170] The user begins a sit-up. As they sit up, their shoulders lift off the ground, reducing shoulder pressure, and the system detects "action initiation".

[0171] At the same time, the user moves both hands forward from the sides of the body, triggering the start-point detector and the end-point detector in sequence, and then retracts them. The system verifies that "the arm trajectory is valid".

[0172] The user's body returns to its normal position, the shoulders press firmly against the mat again, the shoulder pressure is restored, and the system "confirms the action is complete".

[0173] At this moment, the screen count changes from "000" to "001", and the voice announces "one".

[0174] Continue and End: The user repeats step 3. The countdown gradually decreases. When 120 seconds have elapsed, a loud voice announces, "Time's up! A total of forty-two repetitions have been completed," and the screen freezes to display the final score.

[0175] The above embodiments illustrate in detail the specific implementation of the technical solution of the present invention, the logical and connection relationships of each component, and the complete working process. Those skilled in the art will understand that various changes and modifications can be made to the above embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A sit-up counting device, characterized in that, It includes a core control module, a pressure sensing and detection module, a photoelectric sensing and detection module, and a human-machine interaction module; The pressure sensing and detection module includes a group of pressure sensors arranged on the support pad corresponding to different parts of the human body, used to detect pressure signals at the corresponding parts; The photoelectric sensing detection module includes a group of photoelectric sensors arranged near the human hand on the support pad, used to detect the movement trajectory signal of the hand; The core control module is connected to the pressure sensing and detection module, the photoelectric sensing and detection module and the human-machine interaction module respectively, and is used to receive the pressure signal and the motion trajectory signal, and execute counting logic; The counting logic includes: determining whether the user is in a ready posture based on the pressure signal; If the patient is in a ready position, when the pressure signal meets the preset action initiation conditions and the photoelectric sensor group detects that the hand has completed a preset trajectory movement, it is determined that a standard sit-up has been completed and the count is performed.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure sensor group includes at least three pressure detection zones respectively corresponding to the shoulder, hip, and foot areas of the human body; each pressure detection zone is equipped with multiple thin-film pressure sensors; The photoelectric sensor group includes at least two photoelectric detection units respectively corresponding to the left and right hands of the human body; each photoelectric detection unit includes a first photoelectric sensor for detecting the starting position of the hand and a second photoelectric sensor for detecting the ending position of the hand.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The human-computer interaction module includes a display unit, operation buttons, and a voice broadcast unit; The operation buttons are used to switch between normal counting mode and assessment timing mode; in the assessment timing mode, the core control module is also used to perform a countdown while executing the counting logic.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It also includes a power supply module, which includes a power management unit for converting the battery voltage into multiple different voltage levels to provide a suitable and stable operating voltage for the core control module, the pressure sensing and detection module, the photoelectric sensing and detection module, and the human-machine interaction module.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The core control module is also configured to: in response to a calibration command, acquire the initial signals of the pressure sensing module and the photoelectric sensing module, and set a threshold for subsequent judgment based on the initial signals.

6. A method for counting sit-ups, characterized in that, The method, applied to the sit-up counting device as described in any one of claims 1-5, comprises: The pressure sensing and detection module detects pressure signals from different parts of the human body. The photoelectric sensing detection module detects the movement trajectory signal of the human hand; Based on the pressure signal, determine whether the user is in a ready posture; If the patient is in a ready position, the pressure signal is matched with a preset first action condition to detect the start of the action. After the start of the action is detected, the motion trajectory signal is matched with the preset second action condition to verify that the hand has completed a preset trajectory movement. When both the first action condition and the second action condition are met simultaneously, it is determined that a standard sit-up has been completed, and a count is performed.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of determining whether the user is in a ready posture based on the pressure signal includes: When the pressure signals of the corresponding shoulder, hip, and foot areas all exceed their respective preset pressure thresholds, the user is determined to be in a ready posture. The first action condition is that the pressure signal in the shoulder area is lower than its preset pressure threshold, and the pressure signals in the hip area and foot area remain higher than their respective preset pressure thresholds.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second action condition includes: After the start of the action is detected, the photoelectric sensor at the starting position of the hand is triggered; Subsequently, the photoelectric sensor corresponding to the endpoint of the same hand was triggered; Ultimately, the photoelectric sensors at both the starting and ending positions were detected to have returned to an untriggered state.

9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes the mode execution steps: In response to the mode selection command, enter the assessment timing mode; A fixed-duration countdown is started while the counting step is being performed; When the countdown ends, stop counting and output the final count result.

10. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a calibration step: In response to a calibration command, the device is controlled to acquire initial signals from the pressure sensor and photoelectric sensor in a user-free state. Based on the initial signal, the relevant thresholds in the first and second action conditions used for judgment are automatically set or adjusted.

Images