Method and device for ultrasonic cavitation assisted fine blanking machining

Abstract

This invention discloses a method and apparatus for ultrasonic cavitation-assisted precision blanking, belonging to the field of precision blanking manufacturing. The method and apparatus include the following steps: S1, checking the installation firmness of the separation tank and ensuring there are no blockages at the connections; S2, setting cleaning cycle parameters, with the trigger timing being after each stamping operation, periodically triggering both the processing and cleaning cycles. The cycle interval is set to 5-15 minutes according to processing requirements. By setting two processing flows—processing and cleaning—which circulate mutually, thin workpieces can be effectively prevented from adhering to the inside of the pipes without requiring machine downtime. Simultaneously, the internal pipes can be cleaned autonomously. Furthermore, the resulting turbulent flow enters the circulating water tank, reducing the sedimentation of suspended liquids, preventing material accumulation inside the pipes, lowering maintenance costs, and avoiding frequent downtime for cleaning that could affect processing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of precision stamping manufacturing, and more specifically, to a method and apparatus for ultrasonic cavitation-assisted precision stamping. Background Technology

[0002] Ultrasonic cavitation-assisted machining is a composite machining technology that combines ultrasonic cavitation effect with traditional machining. Its core technology utilizes ultrasonic waves to excite the machining medium to generate cavitation phenomena, thereby assisting in precision machining and surface treatment.

[0003] Chinese patent discloses a method and apparatus for ultrasonic cavitation-assisted precision blanking (authorization announcement number CN115415400B). This invention uses an ultrasonic generator to apply axial vibration to a vibrator, inducing ultrasonic cavitation effect and generating a dense bubble cluster. This bubble cluster carries abrasive particles and continuously bombards the sheet metal, thereby achieving the effects of polishing, deburring, and cleaning of blanked parts and blanking holes, improving the surface quality and precision of the blanked parts. The automatic collection of blanked parts is achieved by controlling the circulating water path, improving processing efficiency. However, this device has a long pipe for circulating water path and water flow for material discharge.

[0004] However, in actual use, the automatic collection of dropped materials by the circulating water circuit relies solely on the water flow to drive the dropped parts for recovery. Small-sized dropped parts are easily adsorbed on the inner wall of the pipe, while large-sized dropped parts are easily stuck in the water flow channel. At the same time, the cavitation suspension is prone to deposit in the corners of the cavitation cavity. Furthermore, due to the fact that the suspension is prone to adhesion and deposition during storage, traditional stirring equipment is easily worn and corroded in the solution, and the deposits on the inner wall of the pipe are not easy to clean. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for ultrasonic cavitation-assisted precision punching to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] A method for ultrasonic cavitation-assisted precision punching includes the following steps:

[0007] S1. Check that the separation tank is securely installed and that there are no blockages at the connections;

[0008] S2. Set the cleaning cycle parameters. The triggering time is after each stamping of the press. Set the processing cycle to run continuously for 5-15 minutes before triggering the cleaning cycle. Start the ultrasonic vibrating component, the circulating water pump and adjust the running status of the press. Ensure that the punch of the press is perpendicular to the stamping plate and that the diameter of the punch is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the stamping plate. Ensure that the suspension circulation is normal and the cavitation effect is stable. The three-phase solenoid valve is in standby mode.

[0009] S3. Processing Cycle: The blank is separated from the processed sheet under the pressure of the punch of the stamping machine and is punched into the cavitation cleaning chamber. Initially, the blank is adsorbed at the lower part of the punch under the action of the punch pressure. At this time, the blank is continuously impacted and vibrated by the cavitation nano SiO2 suspension in the cavitation cleaning chamber. The nano SiO2 suspension under the cavitation effect will deburr, polish and clean the blank. The water pressure generated by the circulating water pump will drive the blank part to be transported to the separation net through the guide pipe and connector with the water flow, and the suspension will flow back synchronously.

[0010] S4. Repeat the above steps to complete the workpiece stamping. When the processing cycle continues to run for the set 5min-15min, the three-phase solenoid valve starts and the water hammer pump is switched to the cycle.

[0011] S5. Cleaning Circulation: The nano-SiO2 suspension enters the water hammer pump, which pressurizes the water hammer pump until the pressure of the nano-SiO2 suspension increases. At this time, the water drain valve in the middle of the water hammer pump releases pressure, and some water flows out from the drain pipe. The water hammer effect generated will pump some liquid into the manifold through the impact pipe, thereby forming a water flow that impacts the cavitation cleaning chamber.

[0012] S6. During the cleaning cycle, the cavitation cleaning chamber and the inside of the guide pipe can effectively peel off the attached nano abrasives and adsorbed small-sized blanks with a size of <5mm under the action of the water hammer pump.

[0013] S7. After 8 seconds of cleaning cycle operation, the three-phase solenoid valve starts to switch to processing cycle mode, completing one processing cycle.

[0014] Furthermore, the water hammer pump has a peak pressure of 0.5-0.6 MPa, a single impact duration of 2-3 seconds, and impacts once every 2 seconds for a total of 3 times. The ultrasonic vibrator has a frequency of 50 kHz and an amplitude of 0.5-1 mm. A nano-SiO2 suspension with a particle size of 50-80 nm and a mass fraction of 10%-50% is prepared according to the processing requirements and added to the water replenishment tank and the circulating water tank.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the ultrasonic vibrating component can ensure that the cavitation energy of the nano-SiO2 suspension meets the grinding requirements of the workpiece.

[0016] Furthermore, timed enhanced cleaning can be set up to trigger once every 100 pieces processed. The enhanced cleaning trigger priority is higher than the regular cleaning cycle of 5min-15min, and the cleaning duration is extended to 20s.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solutions, the cleaning degree can be adjusted in a targeted manner for different workpieces, thereby optimizing the processing flow and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0018] Furthermore, the water hammer pump can instantly increase the water pressure in the pipeline from 0.2MPa to 0.5-0.6MPa, reducing the impact on the pipe wall.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the impact on the pipe wall is reduced, while the cavitation of the internal nano-SiO2 suspension is not affected.

[0020] Furthermore, an automatic concentration detection module installed in the middle of the guide pipe monitors the concentration of the nano-SiO2 suspension in the guide pipe in real time. When the concentration is lower than the set threshold, the water replenishment tank injects the nano-SiO2 suspension into the circulating water tank through a metering pump. When the concentration is detected to be low, the nano-SiO2 suspension with a SiO2 concentration of 80% inside the water replenishment tank can be metered into the circulating water tank according to the ratio, thereby keeping the nano-SiO2 suspension stable.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, when the processed workpiece is removed, some of the nano-SiO2 suspension will inevitably be taken away, thereby reducing the concentration of the nano-SiO2 suspension. The method of regular detection can ensure the accuracy of processing.

[0022] Furthermore, the device includes a housing, a stamping machine is fixedly installed on the front side of the housing, a processing table is fixedly installed in the middle of the front side of the housing, a circulating water tank is fixedly installed on one side of the processing table, a water replenishment tank is fixedly installed on the front side of the circulating water tank, and a circulating water pump is fixedly installed on the rear side of the circulating water tank.

[0023] The circulating water pump has an outlet pipe fixedly installed at its outlet end, a circulation pipe fixedly installed on the side of the outlet pipe, a three-phase solenoid valve fixedly installed on the side of the circulation pipe, a connecting seat fixedly installed on the side of the three-phase solenoid valve, a water hammer pump installed in front of the three-phase solenoid valve, the three-phase solenoid valve and the water hammer pump fixedly connected by a diverter pipe, a connecting pipe fixedly installed in the middle of the connecting seat, a manifold fixedly installed on the side of the connecting pipe, an impact pipe fixedly installed at the impact end of the water hammer pump, the water hammer pump fixedly connected to the manifold pipe through the impact pipe, and a drain pipe fixedly installed at the pressure relief end of the water hammer pump.

[0024] A cavitation cleaning chamber is fixedly installed on the side of the manifold, and a guide pipe is fixedly installed on the side of the cavitation cleaning chamber.

[0025] During the processing cycle, the circulating water pump pumps the nano-SiO2 suspension into the cavitation cleaning chamber through the circulating pipe. When switching the cleaning cycle, the three-phase solenoid valve switches the connection channel, and the nano-SiO2 suspension inside the circulating pipe enters the water hammer pump. The water hammer pump generates a pulse of nano-SiO2 suspension, which is pumped into the manifold to clean the cavitation cleaning chamber and the guide pipe. A connector is fixedly installed on the side of the guide pipe, and the lower side of the connector is connected to the separation tank through a pipe. The separation tank is fixedly installed in the middle of the circulating water tank, and a separation screen is set on the upper side of the separation tank. The workpiece can be screened through the separation screen, and the nano-SiO2 suspension will be recycled under the action of gravity.

[0026] Furthermore, the inlet end of the circulating water pump is fixedly connected to the circulating water tank, an electrically controlled switch valve is fixedly installed at the end of the circulating pipe near the circulating water pump, an electromagnetic generator is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the processing table, an ultrasonic vibrating element is fixedly installed at the lower end of the cavitation cleaning chamber, and the electromagnetic generator and the ultrasonic vibrating element are electrically connected.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the electrically controlled switching valve can control the switching of the circulation pipe, thereby cooperating with the switching of the device.

[0028] Furthermore, a separation tank is fixedly installed in the middle of the circulating water tank, and a separation net is fixedly installed in the middle of the separation tank. The separation net has an inclined slope structure, and a square through groove is opened in the middle of the separation tank.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, when the suspension and the stamped workpiece fall together onto the separation net, the suspension will fall into the interior of the lower circulating water tank and continue to participate in the circulation, while the workpiece will slide to the side of the separation net.

[0030] Furthermore, a positioning seat is fixedly installed in the middle of the cavitation cleaning chamber on the processing table, and a stamping plate is threaded in the middle of the positioning seat.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, the stamping plate is fixedly installed in the middle of the positioning seat by threads. When processing different sheet materials, different stamping plates can be replaced to meet production needs.

[0032] Furthermore, a pressure gauge is fixedly installed on the upper front side of the device housing, a main control box is fixedly installed on the side of the device housing, and an operating table is fixedly installed on the front side of the device housing.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solution, the start-up and shutdown of internal electrical equipment can be controlled through the operation console and main control box, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the device.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this invention are:

[0035] In this invention, two processing cycles, a processing cycle and a cleaning cycle, are set up and circulate with each other. This effectively prevents thin workpieces from adhering to the inside of the pipeline without stopping the machine for processing. At the same time, the internal pipeline can be cleaned automatically. In addition, the turbulent flow generated by this method will rush into the circulating water tank, reducing the sedimentation of the suspension, preventing material from depositing inside the pipeline, reducing maintenance costs, and avoiding frequent machine shutdowns for cleaning that affect processing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the processing of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the processing cycle of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a cleaning cycle flow diagram of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall device structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of two parts of the overall device structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the processing table of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the image;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the circulating water tank of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cavitation cleaning chamber of the present invention.

[0045] The following are the labels in the diagram: 1. Device housing; 2. Stamping machine; 3. Circulation pipe; 4. Three-phase solenoid valve; 5. Connecting seat; 6. Water hammer pump; 601. Impact pipe; 7. Machining table; 8. Pressure gauge; 9. Circulating water tank; 10. Connecting parts; 11. Guide pipe; 12. Water supply tank; 13. Machining sheet; 14. Operating table; 15. Separation net; 16. Circulating water pump; 17. Discharge pipe; 18. Electrically controlled switch valve; 19. Main control box; 20. Electromagnetic generator; 21. Connecting pipe; 22. Manifold; 23. Ultrasonic vibrating component; 24. Stamping plate; 25. Positioning seat; 26. Cavitation cleaning chamber; 27. Separation tank; 28. Diversion pipe; 29. ​​Drainage pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] like Figure 1 - Figure 9 As shown, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following steps:

[0048] S1. Check that the separation tank 27 is securely installed and that there are no blockages at the connection points;

[0049] S2. Set the cleaning cycle parameters. The triggering time is after each stamping by the press 2. Set the processing cycle to run continuously for 5-15 minutes before triggering the cleaning cycle. Start the ultrasonic vibrating component 23, the circulating water pump 16 and adjust the operating status of the press 2. Ensure that the punch of the press 2 is perpendicular to the stamping plate 24 and that the diameter of the punch is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the stamping plate 24. Ensure that the suspension circulation is normal and the cavitation effect is stable. The three-phase solenoid valve 4 is in standby mode.

[0050] S3, Processing Cycle: The blank is separated from the processed sheet 13 under the pressure of the punch of the press 2 and is punched into the cavitation cleaning chamber 26. Initially, the blank is adsorbed at the lower part of the punch under the action of the punch pressure. At this time, the blank is continuously impacted and vibrated by the cavitation nano SiO2 suspension in the cavitation cleaning chamber 26, causing the blank to separate from the punch. The nano SiO2 suspension under the cavitation effect will deburr, polish and clean the blank. The water pressure generated by the circulating water pump 16 will drive the blank part to be transported to the separation net 15 through the guide pipe 11 and the connector 10 with the water flow. The suspension flows back synchronously.

[0051] S4. Repeat the above steps to complete the workpiece stamping. When the processing cycle continues to run for the set 5min-15min, the three-phase solenoid valve 4 is started, and the water hammer pump 6 is switched in.

[0052] S5. Cleaning cycle: The nano-SiO2 suspension enters the water hammer pump 6, which pressurizes the water hammer pump 6 until the pressure of the nano-SiO2 suspension increases. At this time, the drain valve in the middle of the water hammer pump 6 releases pressure, and some water flows out from the drain pipe 29. The water hammer effect generated will pump some liquid into the manifold 22 through the impact pipe 601, thereby forming a water flow that impacts the cavitation cleaning chamber 26.

[0053] S6. During the cleaning cycle, the cavitation cleaning chamber 26 and the guide pipe 11 can effectively peel off the attached nano abrasives and adsorbed small-sized blanks with a size of <5mm under the action of the water hammer pump 6.

[0054] S7. After its cleaning cycle runs for 8 seconds, the three-phase solenoid valve 4 starts and switches to the processing cycle mode to complete one processing cycle.

[0055] The water hammer pump 6 has a peak pressure of 0.5-0.6 MPa, a single impact duration of 2-3 seconds, and impacts once every 2 seconds, for a total of 3 times. The ultrasonic vibrator 23 has a frequency of 50 kHz and an amplitude of 0.5-1 mm. A nano-SiO2 suspension with a particle size of 50-80 nm and a mass fraction of 10%-50% is prepared according to the processing requirements and added to the water replenishment tank 12 and the circulating water tank 9. The ultrasonic vibrator 23 can ensure that the cavitation energy of the nano-SiO2 suspension meets the grinding requirements of the workpiece.

[0056] The system can be set to perform timed enhanced cleaning, which is triggered once every 100 pieces processed. The enhanced cleaning has a higher priority than the regular cleaning cycle of 5-15 minutes (i.e., if 5-15 minutes have not been reached when 100 pieces are processed, enhanced cleaning will still be initiated first). The cleaning time is extended to 20 seconds, so that the cleaning degree can be adjusted in a targeted manner for different workpieces, thereby optimizing the processing flow and extending the life of the equipment.

[0057] The water hammer pump 6 can instantly increase the water pressure in the pipeline from 0.2MPa to 0.5-0.6MPa, reducing the impact on the pipe wall, while not affecting the cavitation of the internal nano-SiO2 suspension.

[0058] An automatic concentration detection module installed in the middle of the guide pipe 11 monitors the concentration of nano-SiO2 suspension in the guide pipe 11 in real time. When the concentration is lower than the set threshold, the water replenishment tank 12 injects nano-SiO2 suspension into the circulating water tank 9 through a metering pump. When the concentration is detected to be low, nano-SiO2 suspension with a SiO2 concentration of 80% can be metered into the circulating water tank 9 according to the ratio. When the processed workpiece is taken out, some nano-SiO2 suspension will inevitably be taken away, thereby reducing the concentration of nano-SiO2 suspension. The method of periodic detection can ensure the accuracy of processing.

[0059] Furthermore, the device includes the following components: a housing 1, a stamping machine 2 fixedly mounted on the front side of the housing 1, a processing table 7 fixedly mounted on the middle of the front side of the housing 1, a circulating water tank 9 fixedly mounted on one side of the processing table 7, a water replenishment tank 12 fixedly mounted on the front side of the circulating water tank 9, and a circulating water pump 16 fixedly mounted on the rear side of the circulating water tank 9.

[0060] A discharge pipe 17 is fixedly installed at the outlet end of the circulating water pump 16. A circulation pipe 3 is fixedly installed on the side of the discharge pipe 17. A three-phase solenoid valve 4 is fixedly installed on the side of the circulation pipe 3. A connecting seat 5 is fixedly installed on the side of the three-phase solenoid valve 4. A water hammer pump 6 is installed in front of the three-phase solenoid valve 4. The three-phase solenoid valve 4 and the water hammer pump 6 are fixedly connected through a diverter pipe 28. A connecting pipe 21 is fixedly installed in the middle of the connecting seat 5. A manifold pipe 22 is fixedly installed on the side of the connecting pipe 21. An impact pipe 601 is fixedly installed at the impact end of the water hammer pump 6. The water hammer pump 6 is fixedly connected to the manifold pipe 22 through the impact pipe 601. A drain pipe 29 is fixedly installed at the pressure relief end of the water hammer pump 6.

[0061] A cavitation cleaning chamber 26 is fixedly installed on the side of the manifold 22, and a guide pipe 11 is fixedly installed on the side of the cavitation cleaning chamber 26.

[0062] During the processing cycle, the circulating water pump 16 pumps the nano-SiO2 suspension into the cavitation cleaning chamber 26 through the circulating pipe 3. When switching the cleaning cycle, the three-phase solenoid valve 4 switches the connection channel, and the nano-SiO2 suspension inside the circulating pipe 3 enters the water hammer pump 6. The water hammer pump 6 generates nano-SiO2 suspension pulse liquid and pumps it into the manifold 22 to clean the cavitation cleaning chamber 26 and the guide pipe 11. A connector 10 is fixedly installed on the side of the guide pipe 11, and a separation tank 27 is provided on the lower side of the connector 10. The separation tank 27 is fixedly installed in the middle of the circulating water tank 9. A separation screen 15 is provided on the upper side of the separation tank 27. The workpiece can be screened through the separation screen 15, and the nano-SiO2 suspension will be recycled under the action of gravity.

[0063] The inlet end of the circulating water pump 16 is fixedly connected to the circulating water tank 9. An electrically controlled switch valve 18 is fixedly installed at one end of the circulating pipe 3 near the circulating water pump 16. An electromagnetic generator 20 is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the processing table 7. An ultrasonic vibrating element 23 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the cavitation cleaning chamber 26. The electromagnetic generator 20 and the ultrasonic vibrating element 23 are electrically connected. The electrically controlled switch valve 18 can control the opening and closing of the circulating pipe 3, thereby cooperating with the opening and closing of the device.

[0064] A separation tank 27 is fixedly installed in the middle of the circulating water tank 9, and a separation net 15 is fixedly installed in the middle of the separation tank 27. The separation net 15 has an inclined slope structure. A square through groove is opened in the middle of the separation tank 27. When the suspension and the stamped workpiece fall onto the separation net 15 together, the suspension will fall into the interior of the lower circulating water tank 9 and continue to participate in the circulation, while the workpiece will slide to the side of the separation net 15 through the separation net 15.

[0065] The processing table 7 is fixedly installed in the middle of the cavitation cleaning chamber 26 with a positioning seat 25. A stamping plate 24 is threaded in the middle of the positioning seat 25. The stamping plate 24 is fixedly installed in the middle of the positioning seat 25 by the thread. When processing different processing plates 13, different stamping plates 24 can be replaced to meet production needs.

[0066] A pressure gauge 8 is fixedly installed on the upper front side of the device housing 1, a main control box 19 is fixedly installed on the side of the device housing 1, and an operating panel 14 is fixedly installed on the front side of the device housing 1. The operation of the internal electrical equipment can be controlled by the cooperation of the operating panel 14 and the main control box 19, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the device.

[0067] Working principle of this invention: A nano-SiO2 suspension with a particle size of 50-80nm and a mass fraction of 10%-50% is prepared according to the original process requirements and added to the water replenishment tank 12 and the circulating water tank 9. The separation tank 27 is checked to ensure it is securely installed and unobstructed. Cleaning cycle parameters are set, including triggering the cycle after each press operation (5-15 minutes after processing). The ultrasonic vibrator 23 and the circulating water pump 16 are started. The press operation is adjusted to ensure normal suspension circulation and stable cavitation effect. The three-phase solenoid valve 4 is in standby mode. The processing plate 13 is placed on the processing table 7. The press 2 presses the processing plate 13, and the plate falls into the cavitation cleaning chamber 26. Under water pressure, the material dropper absorbs the material. Attached to the lower end face of the punch, the workpiece undergoes deburring, polishing, and cleaning under the cavitation effect of the nano-SiO2 suspension. The circulating water pump 16 generates water pressure, driving the blank part to be conveyed with the water flow through the guide pipe 11 and connecting piece 10 to the separation net 15. The suspension simultaneously flows back to the circulating water tank 9. This process is repeated to complete the workpiece stamping. When the processing cycle continues for the set 5-15 minutes, the three-phase solenoid valve 4 is activated, connecting the circulating pipe 3 and the water hammer pump 6. At this time, the internal pressure of the water hammer pump 6 increases, which squeezes the pressure relief valve disc of the water hammer pump 6. Water inside the water hammer pump 6 flows out from the pressure relief valve disc. When the pressure relief valve disc is pushed upward to the highest position, the device pushes the pressure relief valve disc downward, closing the drainage. At this time, the internal pressure of the water hammer pump 6 suddenly rises, producing... The water hammer effect causes a sudden surge of high-pressure water to push the pressure relief valve at the pressure relief end. This instantaneous water flow then enters the manifold 22 through the impact pipe 601, creating intermittent water pulse impacts. The water flow is pumped into the cavitation cleaning chamber 26. Since both the manifold 22 and the cavitation cleaning chamber 26 are filled with cavitating and turbulent nano-SiO2 suspension, the impact of the water hammer pump 6 collides with the cavitating and turbulent nano-SiO2 suspension, generating instantaneous pressure. This pressure propels the mixture of the workpiece and the nano-SiO2 suspension towards the guide pipe 11 and connector 10, effectively stripping away the nano-abrasive particles and small-sized workpieces adhering to the cavitation cleaning chamber 26 and guide pipe 11. Simultaneously, this secondary surge can impact the circulating... The circulating water tank 9 prevents the deposition of nano-SiO2 suspension stored in it. After 8 seconds of cleaning cycle, the three-phase solenoid valve 4 activates to switch back to the processing cycle mode, completing one cleaning cycle. Timed enhanced cleaning can be set, triggered once every 100 pieces processed. The enhanced cleaning trigger priority is higher than the 5-15 minute regular cleaning cycle (i.e., if 5-15 minutes have not been reached when processing 100 pieces, enhanced cleaning will still be initiated first). The cleaning duration is extended to 20 seconds, further optimizing abrasive recovery and anti-clogging effects. Based on multiple tests, this cleaning cycle can reduce pipeline blockage rate by 80%, increase processing efficiency by 20%, and increase abrasive recovery rate by 30%. Operators monitor the solution concentration inside the guide pipe 11 daily; when the concentration is low...A quantitative amount of 80% nano-SiO2 suspension from water tank 12 is injected into circulating water tank 9 to maintain a stable concentration of the nano-SiO2 suspension and ensure processing accuracy.

[0068] The ultrasonic vibrator 23 drives the nano-SiO2 suspension in the cavitation cleaning chamber 26 to be in a state of continuous disturbance. The micro-jet generated by the collapse of bubbles performs surface treatment on the blanking parts, while weakening the adhesion between the abrasive and the guide pipe 11 and the inner wall of the cavitation cleaning chamber 26. During the cleaning cycle, after the three-phase solenoid valve 4 switches the circuit, the 0.5-0.6MPa pulsed high-pressure water flow generated by the water hammer pump 6 is injected into the manifold 22 through the impact pipe 601, forming a superimposed impact with the cavitation disturbed nano-SiO2 suspension. This can efficiently peel off the abrasive and small blanking parts attached to the pipe wall. After processing for 5-15 minutes, the cleaning cycle is switched to 8 seconds, thereby reducing the blockage rate of the guide pipe 11 and the cavitation cleaning chamber 26 by 80% and increasing the abrasive recovery rate by 30%.

[0069] To calculate the optimal pressure, the following tests were conducted on this device, with pressure gradient control groups set at 0.3 MPa, 0.4 MPa, 0.5 MPa, 0.6 MPa, and 0.7 MPa. 500 blanking parts were processed for each test group, and the three indicators of pipeline adsorption rate, chamber deposition rate, and pipeline wear rate were statistically analyzed. The results are shown in the table below.

[0070]

[0071] When the pressure is in the range of 0.5-0.6MPa, the impact force is just enough to peel off the deposits on the pipe wall and will not continue to act on the pipeline. The wear rate is controlled within 0.2%, which balances the anti-clogging effect and the pipeline life.

[0072] A gradient control group for cleaning duration was set up: 4s, 6s, 8s, 10s, and 12s. 500 pieces of unloaded material were processed in each group. The cleaning completion rate and the recovery time of cavitation stability of the suspension were statistically analyzed. The data are as follows:

[0073]

[0074] Therefore, within 8 seconds, exactly 3 effective pulse impacts are completed, the peeling rate of the pipe wall deposits reaches 98.5%, and the suspension can recover to a stable cavitation state within 15 seconds after the impact ends, with no delay in connecting with the processing cycle;

[0075] An interval gradient control group was set up with 3 min, 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, and 20 min intervals. The grouped tests were combined with different blanking part sizes (1-5 mm, 5-10 mm). The frequency of pipeline blockage and the processing efficiency per unit time were statistically analyzed. The data are as follows.

[0076]

[0077] The smaller the size of the unloaded part, the higher the risk of adsorption. Short intervals of 5-10 minutes are required for cleaning to prevent small unloaded parts from accumulating and clogging in the pipeline. When the size of the unloaded part is larger, the risk of adsorption is reduced, and the interval can be extended to 10-15 minutes to reduce the time occupied by the cleaning cycle in the processing.

[0078] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A method for ultrasonic cavitation-assisted precision punching, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Check the installation of the separation tank (27) to ensure it is secure and that there are no blockages at the connection points; S2. Set the cleaning cycle parameters. The triggering time is after each stamping of the press (2). The cycle interval is set to 5min-15min according to the processing requirements. Start the ultrasonic vibrating component (23), the circulating water pump (16) and adjust the running status of the press (2). Ensure that the punch of the press (2) is perpendicular to the stamping plate (24) and the diameter of the punch is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the stamping plate (24). Ensure that the suspension circulation is normal and the cavitation effect is stable. The three-phase solenoid valve (4) is in standby mode. S3, Processing Cycle: The blank is separated from the processed plate (13) under the pressure of the punch of the press (2) and is punched into the cavitation cleaning chamber (26). Initially, the blank is adsorbed at the lower part of the punch under the action of the punch pressure. At this time, the blank is continuously impacted and vibrated by the cavitation nano SiO2 suspension in the cavitation cleaning chamber (26), causing the blank to separate from the punch. The nano SiO2 suspension under the cavitation effect will deburr, polish and clean the blank. The water pressure generated by the circulating water pump (16) will drive the blank part to be transported to the separation net (15) through the guide pipe (11) and the connecting part (10) with the water flow. The suspension flows back synchronously. S4. Repeat the above steps to complete the workpiece stamping. When the processing cycle continues to run for 5 min to 15 min, the three-phase solenoid valve (4) is started and the water hammer pump (6) is switched in. S5, Cleaning Circulation: The nano-SiO2 suspension enters the water hammer pump (6), and the water hammer pump (6) is pressurized until the pressure of the nano-SiO2 suspension increases. At this time, the water drain valve in the middle of the water hammer pump (6) releases pressure, and some water flows out from the drain pipe (29). The water hammer effect generated will pump some liquid into the manifold (22) through the impact pipe (601), thereby forming a water flow that impacts the cavitation cleaning chamber (26). S6. When cleaning is performed, the interior of the cavitation cleaning chamber (26) and the guide pipe (11) can effectively peel off the attached nano abrasives and adsorbed small-sized blanks with a size of <5mm under the action of the water hammer pump (6). S7. After its cleaning cycle runs for 8 seconds, the three-phase solenoid valve (4) starts and switches to the processing cycle mode to complete one processing cycle.

2. The method for ultrasonic cavitation-assisted precision punching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water hammer pump (6) has a peak pressure of 0.5-0.6 MPa and a single impact duration of 2-3 s. It impacts once every 2 s, for a total of 3 times. The ultrasonic vibrator (23) has a frequency of 50 kHz and an amplitude of 0.5-1 mm. According to the processing requirements, a nano-SiO2 suspension is prepared with a particle size of 50-80 nm and a mass fraction of 10%-50%. It is added to the water replenishment tank (12) and the circulating water tank (9).

3. The method for ultrasonic cavitation-assisted precision punching according to claim 2, characterized in that: It can be set to perform timed enhanced cleaning, which is triggered once every 100 pieces processed. The priority of enhanced cleaning is higher than that of the regular cleaning cycle of 5min-15min, and the cleaning time is extended to 20s.

4. The method for ultrasonic cavitation-assisted precision punching according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water hammer pump (6) can instantly increase the water pressure in the pipeline from 0.2MPa to 0.5-0.6MPa.

5. The method for ultrasonic cavitation-assisted precision punching according to claim 4, characterized in that: The automatic concentration detection module installed in the middle of the guide pipe (11) monitors the concentration of nano-SiO2 suspension in the guide pipe (11) in real time. When the concentration is lower than the set threshold, the water replenishment tank (12) injects nano-SiO2 suspension into the circulating water tank (9) through a metering pump. When the concentration is detected to be low, nano-SiO2 suspension with a SiO2 concentration of 80% inside the water replenishment tank (12) can be metered into the circulating water tank (9) according to the ratio.

6. An ultrasonic cavitation-assisted precision punching apparatus, employing the ultrasonic cavitation-assisted precision punching method as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The device includes an outer casing (1), a stamping machine (2) is fixedly installed on the front side of the outer casing (1), a processing table (7) is fixedly installed in the middle of the front side of the outer casing (1), a circulating water tank (9) is fixedly installed on one side of the processing table (7), a water replenishment tank (12) is fixedly installed on the front side of the circulating water tank (9), and a circulating water pump (16) is fixedly installed on the rear side of the circulating water tank (9). The outlet end of the circulating water pump (16) is fixedly equipped with an outlet pipe (17), the side of the outlet pipe (17) is fixedly equipped with a circulation pipe (3), the side of the circulation pipe (3) is fixedly equipped with a three-phase solenoid valve (4), the side of the three-phase solenoid valve (4) is fixedly equipped with a connecting seat (5), a water hammer pump (6) is provided on the front side of the three-phase solenoid valve (4), the three-phase solenoid valve (4) and the water hammer pump (6) are fixedly connected through a diverter pipe (28), a connecting pipe (21) is fixedly installed in the middle of the connecting seat (5), a manifold (22) is fixedly installed on the side of the connecting pipe (21), an impact pipe (601) is fixedly installed on the impact end of the water hammer pump (6), the water hammer pump (6) is fixedly connected to the manifold (22) through the impact pipe (601), and a drain pipe (29) is fixedly installed on the pressure relief end of the water hammer pump (6). A cavitation cleaning chamber (26) is fixedly installed on the side of the manifold (22), and a guide pipe (11) is fixedly installed on the side of the cavitation cleaning chamber (26). During the processing cycle, the circulating water pump (16) pumps the nano-SiO2 suspension into the cavitation cleaning chamber (26) through the circulating pipe (3). When the cleaning cycle is switched, the three-phase solenoid valve (4) switches the connection channel. The nano-SiO2 suspension inside the circulating pipe (3) enters the water hammer pump (6). The water hammer pump (6) generates a nano-SiO2 suspension pulse liquid pump into the manifold (22) to clean the cavitation cleaning chamber (26) and the guide pipe (11). A connector (10) is fixedly installed on the side of the guide pipe (11). The lower side of the connector (10) is connected to the separation tank (27) through a pipe. The separation tank (27) is fixedly installed in the middle of the circulating water tank (9). A separation net (15) is provided on the upper side of the separation tank (27). The processed workpiece can be screened through the separation net (15), and the nano-SiO2 suspension will be recycled under the action of gravity.

7. The ultrasonic cavitation-assisted precision punching device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inlet end of the circulating water pump (16) is fixedly connected to the circulating water tank (9). An electrically controlled switch valve (18) is fixedly installed at one end of the circulating pipe (3) near the circulating water pump (16). An electromagnetic generator (20) is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the processing table (7). An ultrasonic vibrator (23) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the cavitation cleaning chamber (26). The electromagnetic generator (20) and the ultrasonic vibrator (23) are electrically connected.

8. The ultrasonic cavitation-assisted precision punching device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A separation tank (27) is fixedly installed in the middle of the circulating water tank (9), and a separation net (15) is fixedly installed in the middle of the separation tank (27). The separation net (15) is an inclined slope structure, and a square through groove is opened in the middle of the separation tank (27).

9. The ultrasonic cavitation-assisted precision punching device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The processing table (7) is fixedly installed with a positioning seat (25) in the middle of the cavitation cleaning chamber (26), and a stamping plate (24) is threaded in the middle of the positioning seat (25).

10. The ultrasonic cavitation-assisted precision punching device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A pressure gauge (8) is fixedly installed on the upper front side of the outer casing (1) of the device, a main control box (19) is fixedly installed on the side of the outer casing (1), and an operating table (14) is fixedly installed on the front side of the outer casing (1).

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