System and method for long-distance discharge of liquid effluent in land area
By embedding the liquid effluent discharge pipe within the non-discharge/drainage pipe and combining it with a leak monitoring device, the problems of insufficient dilution of liquid effluent and high risk of leakage are solved, achieving safe and efficient long-distance discharge.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-03
AI Technical Summary
For nuclear power plant sites far from the sea, the dilution factor of liquid effluent is reduced, resulting in high concentrations of radioactivity and a high risk of leakage during land-based discharge, especially when passing through sensitive areas, which can impact the environment.
The design incorporates a liquid effluent discharge pipe embedded within a non-discharge drainage discharge pipe. The liquid effluent is mixed with the non-discharge drainage before being discharged. The discharge is monitored and controlled in real time by a leak monitoring device to ensure that the radioactivity of the leaked material is significantly reduced after mixing.
It reduces the possibility of liquid effluent leakage and the concentration of environmental radioactivity, improves emission safety and economy, and reduces environmental impact.
Smart Images
Figure CN121781669A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application belongs to the field of radioactive material emission technology, specifically relating to a long-distance land-based emission system and method for liquid effluent. Background Technology
[0002] As coastal sites gradually become saturated, some sites farther from the sea are also being considered for nuclear power projects. For nuclear power plants at these sites, seawater access is geographically limited, with long access routes and limited flow rates. Consequently, the amount of non-discharge water used to dilute liquid effluents is reduced, resulting in a significantly lower dilution factor for liquid effluents compared to coastal sites. This leads to higher concentrations of radioactivity in the discharged liquid effluents.
[0003] In addition, during the land-based discharge of liquid effluents from such plant sites, the discharge pipelines may pass through many sensitive points such as farmland and water sources. To avoid leakage, a long-distance land-based discharge scheme for liquid effluents suitable for the discharge process of such plant sites is needed. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this application is to provide a long-distance land-based discharge system and method for liquid effluents, which addresses the above-mentioned deficiencies in the existing technology. Using this long-distance land-based discharge system for liquid effluents reduces the risk of leakage of liquid effluents and reduces the concentration of radioactivity entering the environment when liquid effluents leak.
[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a long-distance land-based discharge system for liquid effluents, comprising:
[0006] Liquid effluent discharge tank, non-discharge drainage device, liquid effluent discharge pipeline, non-discharge drainage pipeline, and drainage conversion well;
[0007] The output end of the liquid effluent discharge tank is connected to the input end of the liquid effluent discharge pipe, and the output end of the liquid effluent discharge pipe is connected to the drainage conversion well.
[0008] The output end of the non-discharge drainage device is connected to the input end of the non-discharge drainage pipe, and the output end of the non-discharge drainage pipe is connected to the drainage conversion well.
[0009] The liquid effluent discharge pipe is located in a non-discharge / drainage discharge pipe;
[0010] Liquid effluent is stored and discharged from a liquid effluent discharge tank, and then discharged to a drainage conversion well via a non-discharge drainage discharge pipeline;
[0011] Non-discharge wastewater is discharged through a non-discharge wastewater device and then discharged into a wastewater conversion well via a non-discharge wastewater discharge pipe.
[0012] Drainage conversion wells are used to mix liquid effluents with non-discharge effluents and discharge them into receiving water bodies.
[0013] In some embodiments of the first aspect, it further includes: a non-discharge water leakage monitoring device and a liquid effluent leakage monitoring device;
[0014] The non-discharge drainage leakage monitoring device is connected to both the input and output ends of the non-discharge drainage discharge pipe.
[0015] The liquid effluent leakage monitoring device is connected to both the input and output ends of the liquid effluent discharge pipeline.
[0016] Non-discharge drainage leakage monitoring devices are used to monitor whether leaks occur in non-discharge drainage pipelines.
[0017] Liquid effluent leakage monitoring devices are used to monitor whether leaks occur in liquid effluent discharge pipelines.
[0018] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the liquid effluent leakage monitoring device includes a first control unit and one or more of the following first monitoring units: a pressure sensor, a flow meter, an acoustic sensor, and an optical fiber;
[0019] The first monitoring unit consists of multiple units, which are installed at the input and output ends of the liquid effluent discharge pipeline;
[0020] The first control unit is connected to all the first monitoring units;
[0021] The first control unit is used to determine whether the liquid effluent discharge pipe is leaking based on the monitoring data collected by all the first monitoring units;
[0022] The non-discharge drainage leakage monitoring device includes a second control unit and one or more of the following second monitoring units: pressure sensor, flow meter, acoustic sensor, optical fiber;
[0023] The second monitoring unit consists of multiple units, which are installed at the input and output ends of the non-discharge and drainage pipeline.
[0024] The second control unit is connected to all the second monitoring units;
[0025] The second control unit is used to determine whether the non-discharge drainage pipe is leaking based on the monitoring data collected by all the second monitoring units.
[0026] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the liquid effluent discharge pipeline includes: a main liquid effluent discharge pipe and multiple liquid effluent discharge branch pipes; wherein, one liquid effluent discharge branch pipe serves as the main pipeline and the other liquid effluent discharge branch pipes serve as backup pipelines.
[0027] The input end of the liquid effluent discharge main pipe is connected to the output end of the liquid effluent discharge tank, and the output end of the liquid effluent discharge main pipe is connected to the input end of each liquid effluent discharge branch pipe respectively.
[0028] The output end of each liquid effluent branch pipe is connected to the drainage conversion well;
[0029] The non-discharge drainage pipeline includes multiple non-discharge drainage branch pipes; among them, one non-discharge drainage branch pipe is used as the main pipeline, and the other non-discharge drainage branch pipes are used as backup pipelines.
[0030] The number of liquid effluent discharge branch pipes is the same as the number of non-discharge drainage branch pipes, and each liquid effluent discharge branch pipe is installed in a corresponding non-discharge drainage branch pipe.
[0031] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the liquid effluent discharge main pipe is provided with a first flow meter and a first regulating valve;
[0032] Each liquid effluent discharge branch pipe is equipped with a corresponding second regulating valve;
[0033] Each non-discharge drainage branch pipe is equipped with a corresponding isolation valve and a corresponding second flow meter;
[0034] The first regulating valve is used to regulate the discharge flow rate of liquid effluent in the main liquid effluent discharge pipe;
[0035] The second regulating valve is used to regulate the discharge flow rate of the liquid effluent in the corresponding liquid effluent discharge branch pipe;
[0036] The first flow meter is used to monitor the discharge flow rate of liquid effluent in the main liquid effluent discharge pipe;
[0037] The second flow meter is used to monitor the discharge flow rate of non-discharged drainage in the corresponding non-discharged drainage branch pipe;
[0038] Isolation valves are used to control the opening and closing of corresponding non-drainage branch pipes.
[0039] In some embodiments of the first aspect, it further includes: a radiation monitoring device;
[0040] The radiation monitoring device is installed on the main liquid effluent discharge pipe and connected to the first regulating valve;
[0041] The radiation monitoring device is used to monitor the radioactivity concentration of liquid effluent in the main liquid discharge pipe, and controls the first regulating valve to close when the radioactivity concentration is greater than or equal to a preset concentration threshold.
[0042] In some embodiments of the first aspect, each liquid effluent discharge branch pipe is fixed to the bottom of a corresponding non-discharge discharge branch pipe by a preset fixing method; the preset fixing method is based on cement cover plate, fiberglass grating or fixing ring.
[0043] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the liquid effluent discharge pipe is a single-walled pipe or a double-walled pipe;
[0044] If the liquid effluent discharge pipe is a double-walled pipe, the first monitoring unit is installed on the inner wall of the liquid effluent discharge pipe, or the double-walled pipe is connected to the single-walled pipe through pipe fittings at the input and output ends of the liquid effluent discharge pipe, and the first monitoring unit is installed on the single-walled pipe.
[0045] A collection device is installed in the cavity between the inner and outer walls of the double-walled pipe to collect leaked liquid effluent.
[0046] The outlet end of the non-discharge drainage pipe is equipped with a flap gate;
[0047] The flap gate is used to prevent seawater containing liquid outflow from flowing back into the drainage conversion well.
[0048] Based on the same inventive concept, in a second aspect, embodiments of this application also provide a method for long-distance land-based discharge of liquid effluent, based on any one of the first aspects of the long-distance land-based discharge system for liquid effluent, the method comprising:
[0049] The liquid effluent discharge tank discharges the liquid effluent into the drainage conversion well via the liquid effluent discharge pipe;
[0050] The non-discharge drainage device discharges non-discharge drainage into the drainage conversion well via the non-discharge drainage discharge pipe;
[0051] The drainage conversion well mixes liquid effluent with non-discharge effluent and discharges it into the receiving water body.
[0052] In some embodiments of the second aspect, the land-based long-distance discharge system for liquid effluent includes sampling and analysis equipment;
[0053] Before the liquid effluent is discharged into the drainage conversion well via the liquid effluent discharge pipe, the liquid effluent discharge tank also includes:
[0054] The sampling and analysis equipment samples and analyzes the liquid effluent in the liquid effluent discharge tank to determine the radioactivity concentration of the liquid effluent in the liquid effluent discharge tank;
[0055] If the radioactivity concentration is less than the preset concentration threshold, the liquid effluent discharge tank will discharge the liquid effluent into the drainage conversion well via the liquid effluent discharge pipe.
[0056] If the radioactivity concentration is greater than or equal to the preset concentration threshold, the liquid effluent discharge tank will stop discharging liquid effluent into the drainage conversion well.
[0057] In some embodiments of the second aspect, the land-based long-distance discharge system for liquid effluents also includes monitoring and analysis equipment;
[0058] The method also includes:
[0059] The sampling and analysis equipment performs tritium sampling and monitoring on the non-discharge drainage from the non-discharge drainage pipeline and generates corresponding tritium sampling and monitoring results;
[0060] The monitoring and analysis equipment performs radioactivity monitoring on the groundwater around non-discharge and drainage pipelines and generates corresponding radioactivity monitoring results.
[0061] If the tritium sampling and monitoring results or the radioactivity monitoring results indicate a leak, the liquid effluent discharge tank will stop discharging liquid effluent into the drainage conversion well.
[0062] In some embodiments of the second aspect, the sampling and analysis equipment performs tritium sampling and monitoring on the non-discharged water from the non-discharged drainage pipeline, generating corresponding tritium sampling and monitoring results, including:
[0063] The sampling and analysis equipment takes samples of non-discharged wastewater from the input and output ends of the non-discharged wastewater discharge pipe near the drainage conversion well, generating a first sample corresponding to the input end and a second sample corresponding to the output end of the non-discharged wastewater discharge pipe.
[0064] Tritium concentration analysis was performed on the first and second samples to generate the corresponding tritium concentration difference;
[0065] The corresponding tritium sampling and monitoring results are generated based on the tritium concentration difference.
[0066] According to the long-distance land-based discharge system and method for liquid effluent provided in this application, by embedding the liquid effluent discharge pipe within the non-dischargeable wastewater discharge pipe, when the liquid effluent discharge pipe leaks, the liquid effluent first enters the non-dischargeable wastewater discharge pipe and mixes with it, rather than leaking directly into the environment. This design significantly reduces the possibility of liquid effluent leakage. Secondly, even if the non-dischargeable wastewater discharge pipe also leaks, because only a portion of the liquid effluent enters the non-dischargeable wastewater discharge pipe, the radioactivity concentration of the liquid effluent leaked into the environment after mixing is far lower than that of the direct discharge scheme and the fully mixed discharge scheme where the liquid effluent and non-dischargeable wastewater are mixed within the plant before discharge. Therefore, the safety of liquid effluent discharge is significantly improved, and the risks of leakage and the environment are reduced. Attached Figure Description
[0067] Figure 1 This illustration shows a structural schematic diagram of a long-distance land-based discharge system for liquid effluent provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0068] Figure 2 This illustration shows another structural schematic diagram of the land-based long-distance discharge system for liquid effluent provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0069] Figure 3 This illustration shows an overall structural diagram of a long-distance land-based liquid effluent discharge system provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0070] Figure 4 This illustration shows a process diagram of a method for long-distance land-based discharge of liquid effluents provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0071] Symbol explanation:
[0072] 110. Liquid effluent discharge pipeline; 111. Liquid effluent discharge tank; 112. Liquid effluent discharge main pipe; 113. First flow meter; 114. Liquid effluent discharge regulating valve; 115. Radiation monitoring device; 116. Liquid effluent leakage monitoring device; 121. Main isolation valve; 122. Main liquid effluent discharge pipeline; 123. Backup isolation valve; 124. Backup liquid effluent discharge pipeline; 141. Non-discharge Water system; 142. First isolation valve; 143. Second isolation valve; 144. Main flow meter; 145. Backup flow meter; 146. Non-discharge drainage tank; 147. Non-discharge leakage monitoring device; 150. Drainage conversion well; 201. Main non-discharge drainage pipeline; 202. Third isolation valve; 203. Backup non-discharge drainage pipeline; 204. Fourth isolation valve; 205. Inspection well; 210. Non-discharge drainage pipeline. Detailed Implementation
[0073] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this application, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0074] The features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of this application will now be described in detail. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only configured to explain this application and are not configured to limit this application. For those skilled in the art, this application can be implemented without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely to provide a better understanding of this application by illustrating examples of this application.
[0075] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.
[0076] According to relevant regulations on environmental radiation protection for nuclear power plants, the discharge of liquid effluents should be subject to radioactivity concentration control. The total activity concentration of radionuclides other than tritium and carbon-14 in the liquid effluent from the trough discharge outlet should not exceed 1000 Bq (becquerels) / L. However, as coastal sites gradually become saturated, some sites farther from the coast are increasingly being chosen for nuclear power projects. For these sites, seawater access is geographically limited, with long access routes and limited flow rates. This reduces the amount of non-discharge water used to dilute the liquid effluents, resulting in a significantly lower dilution factor compared to coastal sites, leading to higher radioactivity concentrations in the discharged liquid effluents. Furthermore, during the land-based discharge of liquid effluents from these sites, the discharge pipelines may pass through sensitive areas such as farmland and water sources. Leaks could cause significant environmental impacts. Therefore, the method and flow rate of liquid effluent discharge from nuclear power plants require careful consideration.
[0077] The most economical method for discharging liquid effluent is through a single buried pipeline. However, the groundwater quality standards for Class III require total alpha radioactivity ≤0.5 Bq / L and total beta radioactivity ≤1.0 Bq / L. Since the dilution water volume at near-shore sites is significantly less than at coastal sites, it is difficult to dilute the 1000 Bq / L liquid effluent at the trough-type discharge outlet to below the radioactivity concentration required for Class III water quality. Therefore, the liquid effluent in the buried pipeline still contains a considerable concentration of radioactive material, and there is no isolation barrier between the discharge pipeline and the environment. In the event of a leak, the liquid effluent will directly leak into the environment, requiring immediate repairs. This not only affects the operation of the nuclear power plant but also poses a significant environmental risk. In other solutions, a sleeve-type discharge method is used, where the liquid effluent pipeline is embedded within an empty pipe. However, this approach introduces additional pipelines, which significantly increases the construction cost of the discharge pipelines, making it uneconomical. Furthermore, if both layers of pipelines rupture, the leaked liquid effluent will not be diluted, and its radioactivity concentration will remain high.
[0078] Therefore, the inventors conceived of embedding liquid effluent discharge pipes within the non-radiative discharge pipes of nuclear power plants. In the event of a liquid effluent leak, it would first enter the non-radiative discharge pipe rather than directly enter the environment. Furthermore, the liquid effluent entering the outer pipe would be diluted by the non-radiative discharge, significantly reducing its radioactivity concentration even if the outer pipe leaked, thus improving safety without the need for additional piping.
[0079] Example 1
[0080] like Figure 1 As shown in the embodiments of this application, the land-based long-distance liquid effluent discharge system may include the following structure:
[0081] Liquid effluent discharge tank 111, non-discharge drainage device 141, liquid effluent discharge pipe 110, non-discharge drainage discharge pipe 210, and drainage conversion well 150.
[0082] The output end of the liquid effluent discharge tank 111 is connected to the input end of the liquid effluent discharge pipe 110, and the output end of the liquid effluent discharge pipe 110 is connected to the drainage conversion well 150.
[0083] The output end of the non-drainage device 141 is connected to the input end of the non-drainage discharge pipe 210, and the output end of the non-drainage discharge pipe 210 is connected to the drainage conversion well 150.
[0084] The liquid effluent discharge pipe 110 is located in the non-discharge and drainage discharge pipe 210.
[0085] The liquid effluent is stored and discharged from the liquid effluent discharge tank 111, and then discharged to the drainage conversion well 150 via the non-discharge drainage discharge pipe 210.
[0086] Non-discharge wastewater is discharged through non-discharge wastewater device 141 and then through non-discharge wastewater discharge pipe 210 to wastewater conversion well 150.
[0087] The drainage conversion well 150 is used to mix liquid effluent with non-discharge effluent and discharge it into the receiving water body.
[0088] For example, during the operation of a nuclear power plant, various liquids containing trace amounts of radioactivity are generated. After rigorous treatment, these liquid effluents are produced. These liquid effluents can be temporarily stored in a liquid effluent discharge tank 111 and discharged through the liquid effluent discharge tank 111.
[0089] For example, non-radioactive wastewater treatment device 141 refers to systems and facilities for collecting, treating and discharging non-radioactive wastewater, including wastewater from circulating water systems, wastewater from seawater desalination systems, and industrial wastewater from plant areas.
[0090] For example, the liquid effluent discharge pipe 110 can be one or more. When multiple pipes are used, one can be used as the main pipe and the others as backup pipes. Thus, when a leak occurs in the main pipe, the passive pipes are activated to discharge the liquid effluent.
[0091] For example, during discharge, the discharge flow rate of the liquid effluent from the liquid effluent discharge tank 111 can be determined. If the discharge flow rate meets the discharge requirements, the liquid effluent is discharged. If the discharge flow rate does not meet the discharge requirements, the discharge of the liquid effluent is stopped.
[0092] For example, the land-based long-distance effluent discharge system also includes sampling and analysis equipment. This equipment can monitor the radioactivity concentration of the effluent from the effluent discharge tank 111, for example, by sampling and analyzing the effluent from the effluent discharge tank 111 using the sampling and analysis equipment to determine the radioactivity concentration. The sampling and analysis can also be performed in a laboratory setting, thereby improving the accuracy of the analysis.
[0093] When the radioactivity concentration is determined to be less than a preset concentration threshold, the liquid effluent is discharged; when the radioactivity concentration is determined to be greater than or equal to the preset concentration threshold, the discharge of the liquid effluent is stopped. The preset concentration threshold is related to emission standards and can be set according to actual requirements; this embodiment does not limit its setting.
[0094] For example, the liquid effluent from the liquid effluent discharge tank 111 can be sampled, and the dilution factor of the liquid effluent can be calculated based on the sampling results and the environmental discharge requirements of the receiving water body. The dilution factor is calculated as: (Concentration of the nuclide with the highest exceedance) / (Activity concentration of that nuclide as required by the environmental discharge requirements).
[0095] Determine the discharge flow rate of the liquid effluent based on the non-discharge flow rate and the dilution ratio. Liquid effluent discharge flow rate = Non-discharge flow rate under the most unfavorable operating condition / Dilution ratio.
[0096] For example, the liquid effluent discharge pipe 110 is built into the non-discharge drainage discharge pipe 210. The liquid effluent and the non-discharge drainage are mixed in the drainage conversion well 150 near the end of the discharge pipe near the receiving water body, and then discharged into the receiving water body.
[0097] According to the land-based long-distance liquid effluent discharge system provided in this application embodiment, by embedding the liquid effluent discharge pipe 110 within the non-dischargeable wastewater discharge pipe 210, when the liquid effluent discharge pipe 110 leaks, the liquid effluent first enters the non-dischargeable wastewater discharge pipe 210 and mixes with the non-dischargeable wastewater, rather than leaking directly into the environment. This design significantly reduces the possibility of liquid effluent leakage. Secondly, even if the non-dischargeable wastewater discharge pipe 210 also leaks, since only a portion of the liquid effluent enters the non-dischargeable wastewater discharge pipe 210, the radioactivity concentration of the liquid effluent leaked into the environment after mixing is far lower than that of the direct discharge scheme and the full mixing discharge scheme where the liquid effluent and non-dischargeable wastewater are mixed within the plant before discharge. Therefore, the safety of liquid effluent discharge is significantly improved, and the risks of leakage and the environment are reduced.
[0098] Example 2
[0099] like Figure 2 As shown, the land-based long-distance liquid effluent discharge system provided in this application embodiment is further described based on the land-based long-distance liquid effluent discharge system provided in embodiment 1 of this application.
[0100] The land-based long-distance liquid effluent discharge system of this embodiment also includes:
[0101] Non-discharge drainage leakage monitoring device 147 and liquid effluent leakage monitoring device 116.
[0102] The non-discharge drainage leakage monitoring device 147 is connected to the input end and the output end of the non-discharge drainage discharge pipe 210, respectively.
[0103] The liquid effluent leakage monitoring device 116 is connected to the input end and the output end of the liquid effluent discharge pipe 110, respectively.
[0104] The non-discharge drainage leakage monitoring device 147 is used to monitor whether a leak occurs in the non-discharge drainage discharge pipe 210.
[0105] The liquid effluent leakage monitoring device 116 is used to monitor whether a leak occurs in the liquid effluent discharge pipe 110.
[0106] For example, non-discharge wastewater discharge can be carried out using either pressure flow or gravity flow. Pressure flow facilitates the installation of a non-discharge wastewater leakage monitoring device 147, while gravity flow significantly reduces leaks at pipe connections. Liquid effluent discharge uses pressure flow to facilitate leakage monitoring.
[0107] For example, the non-discharge drainage leakage monitoring device 147 determines whether there is a leak by monitoring the non-discharge drainage conditions at the input and output ends of the non-discharge drainage pipe 210. This includes monitoring for differences in drainage flow rate and radioactivity concentration between the input and output ends, and whether these differences meet leakage conditions. Similarly, the liquid effluent leakage monitoring device 116 determines whether there is a leak by monitoring the liquid effluent conditions at the input and output ends of the liquid effluent drainage pipe 110.
[0108] For example, tritium monitoring of the non-discharged wastewater in the non-discharged wastewater discharge pipe 210 and radioactivity monitoring of the groundwater surrounding the discharge pipe can also help determine whether there is a minor leakage of the liquid effluent. The aforementioned liquid effluent leakage monitoring device 116 and non-discharged wastewater leakage monitoring device 147 can accurately determine the leakage flow rate and leakage location of the liquid effluent.
[0109] Tritium monitoring involves manually sampling at points set up at the inlet of the non-discharge drainage pipe 210 and at the outlet of the drainage mixing tank. Samples are then sent to an environmental laboratory for analysis to determine the tritium concentration in the non-discharge drainage. The difference between the two concentrations and the non-discharge drainage flow rate are used to calculate the amount of liquid effluent leaked into the external pipe. This method can detect tritium concentrations close to environmental background levels, corresponding to extremely small liquid effluent leaks. The leak monitoring accuracy is significantly improved compared to conventional flow rate or pressure wave monitoring methods.
[0110] In some embodiments, the liquid effluent leakage monitoring device 116 includes a first control unit and one or more of the following first monitoring units: a pressure sensor, a flow meter, an acoustic sensor, and an optical fiber.
[0111] The first monitoring unit consists of multiple units, which are installed at the input and output ends of the liquid effluent discharge pipe 110.
[0112] The first control unit is connected to all the first monitoring units.
[0113] The first control unit is used to determine whether the liquid effluent discharge pipe 110 is leaking based on the monitoring data collected by all the first monitoring units.
[0114] The non-discharge drainage leakage monitoring device 147 includes a second control unit and one or more of the following second monitoring units: pressure sensor, flow meter, acoustic sensor, optical fiber.
[0115] There are multiple second monitoring units, which are installed at the input and output ends of the non-discharge and drainage pipe 210.
[0116] The second control unit is connected to all the second monitoring units.
[0117] The second control unit is used to determine whether the non-discharge drainage pipe 210 is leaking based on the monitoring data collected by all the second monitoring units.
[0118] For example, the first control unit and the second control unit can be the same type of unit, such as a computer, server, terminal or other device with data processing and control functions.
[0119] For example, a pressure sensor, a flow meter, and an acoustic sensor transmit pressure, flow rate, and acoustic waves, respectively, enabling the first control unit or the second control unit to determine whether the pipeline is leaking. An optical fiber transmits reflected light data through an attached optical sensor, enabling the first control unit or the second control unit to determine whether the pipeline is leaking.
[0120] For example, when pressure flow is selected for discharge, the second monitoring unit may select one or more of pressure sensors, flow meters, acoustic sensors, and optical fibers; when gravity flow is selected, one or more of flow meters and optical fibers may be selected.
[0121] In some embodiments, the liquid effluent discharge pipeline 110 includes: a main liquid effluent discharge pipe and multiple branch liquid effluent discharge pipes. One branch liquid effluent discharge pipe serves as the primary pipeline, while the other branch liquid effluent discharge pipes serve as backup pipelines.
[0122] The input end of the liquid effluent discharge main pipe is connected to the output end of the liquid effluent discharge tank 111, and the output end of the liquid effluent discharge main pipe is connected to the input end of each liquid effluent discharge branch pipe.
[0123] The output end of each liquid effluent discharge branch pipe is connected to the drainage conversion well 150.
[0124] The non-discharge drainage pipeline 210 includes multiple non-discharge drainage branch pipes. Among them, one non-discharge drainage branch pipe serves as the main pipeline, while the other non-discharge drainage branch pipes serve as backup pipelines.
[0125] The number of liquid effluent discharge branch pipes is the same as the number of non-discharge drainage branch pipes, and each liquid effluent discharge branch pipe is installed in a corresponding non-discharge drainage branch pipe.
[0126] For example, there can be two liquid effluent discharge branch pipes, one for use and one for backup. Similarly, there can also be two liquid effluent discharge branch pipes, one for use and one for backup. Each liquid effluent discharge branch pipe is built into its corresponding branch pipe. This allows the backup pipe to be activated when a leak occurs in the main pipeline, preventing further leakage and improving the efficiency and safety of maintenance personnel when repairing leaking pipelines.
[0127] In some embodiments, the liquid effluent discharge main pipe is equipped with a first flow meter and a first regulating valve.
[0128] Each liquid effluent branch pipe is equipped with a corresponding second regulating valve.
[0129] Each non-discharge drainage branch pipe is equipped with a corresponding isolation valve and a corresponding second flow meter.
[0130] The first regulating valve is used to regulate the discharge flow rate of liquid effluent in the main liquid effluent discharge pipe.
[0131] The second regulating valve is used to regulate the discharge flow rate of the liquid effluent in the corresponding liquid effluent discharge branch pipe.
[0132] The first flow meter is used to monitor the discharge flow rate of liquid effluent in the main liquid effluent discharge pipe.
[0133] The second flow meter is used to monitor the discharge flow rate of non-discharged water in the corresponding non-discharged water discharge branch pipe.
[0134] Isolation valves are used to control the opening and closing of corresponding non-drainage branch pipes.
[0135] For example, the first regulating valve can adjust the discharge flow rate of the liquid effluent in the main liquid discharge pipe, such as stopping, reducing, or increasing the discharge flow rate. When a pipe leak occurs, the discharge of liquid effluent from the main liquid discharge pipe can be stopped. Similarly, the second regulating valve can adjust the discharge flow rate of the liquid effluent in the branch liquid discharge pipe. When a leak occurs in a branch liquid discharge pipe, the discharge of liquid effluent from that branch liquid discharge pipe can be stopped, and the pipeline can be switched by opening the second regulating valve of the other branch liquid discharge pipe.
[0136] Similar to regulating valves, isolation valves can control the opening and closing of corresponding non-drainage discharge branch pipes, thereby controlling the discharge of non-drainage wastewater from these branch pipes. If a leak occurs in a non-drainage discharge branch pipe, the discharge of non-drainage wastewater from that branch pipe can be stopped, and the pipeline can be switched by opening the isolation valve of another non-drainage discharge branch pipe.
[0137] For example, isolation valves can be installed at the inlet and outlet of the corresponding non-drainage branch pipe.
[0138] In some implementations, it also includes: a radiation monitoring device.
[0139] The radiation monitoring device is installed on the main liquid effluent discharge pipe and connected to the first regulating valve.
[0140] The radiation monitoring device is used to monitor the radioactivity concentration of liquid effluent in the main liquid discharge pipe, and controls the first regulating valve to close when the radioactivity concentration is greater than or equal to a preset concentration threshold.
[0141] For example, by using a radiation monitoring device to monitor the radioactivity concentration of the liquid effluent in the main liquid effluent discharge pipe in real time, the first regulating valve can be controlled to close immediately when the radioactivity concentration is greater than or equal to a preset concentration threshold, thereby stopping the discharge of liquid effluent from the main liquid effluent discharge pipe. This improves the efficiency of stopping the discharge of liquid effluent and thus enhances the safety of liquid effluent discharge.
[0142] In some implementations, each liquid effluent discharge branch pipe is fixed to the bottom of a corresponding non-discharge branch pipe using a pre-defined fixing method. This pre-defined fixing method may be based on a cement cover plate, fiberglass grating, or fixing rings.
[0143] For example, the liquid effluent discharge branch pipe is fixed in a trench at the bottom of the non-discharge drainage pipe 210. The fixing method can also be by using a base or a trench. By fixing the liquid effluent discharge branch pipe to the bottom of a corresponding non-discharge drainage branch pipe, the impact of the non-discharge drainage water flow on the liquid effluent discharge pipe 110 can be reduced.
[0144] For example, the cement cover is preferably a perforated cover such as a grid cover, so that when the liquid effluent discharge pipe 110 leaks, the liquid effluent can enter the non-discharge drainage pipe 210 and mix thoroughly with the non-discharge drainage to reduce the radioactivity concentration, thereby reducing the environmental impact of possible leaks in the non-discharge drainage pipe 210.
[0145] In some implementations, the liquid effluent discharge pipe is a single-walled pipe or a double-walled pipe.
[0146] If the liquid effluent discharge pipe 110 is a double-walled pipe, the first monitoring unit is installed on the inner wall of the liquid effluent discharge pipe 110, or the double-walled pipe is connected to a single-walled pipe through fittings at the inlet and outlet ends of the liquid effluent discharge pipe 110, and the first monitoring unit is installed on the single-walled pipe. A collection device is installed in the cavity between the inner and outer walls of the double-walled pipe to collect leaked liquid effluent. The inlet and outlet ends of the liquid effluent discharge pipe 110 can also be referred to as the start and end ends.
[0147] The output end of the non-discharge drainage pipe 210 is equipped with a flap gate.
[0148] The flap gate is used to prevent seawater containing liquid outflow from flowing back into the drainage conversion well 150.
[0149] For example, single-wall pipes can be made of steel-reinforced plastic composite pipes, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipes, fiberglass pipes, etc., while double-wall pipes can be made of double-layer HDPE pipes, etc. The non-discharge drainage pipe 210 can be made of concrete lined with fiberglass. Among them, the liquid effluent discharge pipe 110 is made of double-wall pipe, and a first monitoring unit, such as sampling equipment or leakage sensor, can be set in the cavity between the inner and outer walls to prevent the liquid effluent from leaking into the environment.
[0150] For example, to ensure the effect of preventing backflow, an isolation valve can also be installed at the output end of the non-discharge drainage pipe 210 to ensure that the drainage pipe flows in one direction.
[0151] In some implementations, groundwater monitoring wells are set up near the land discharge pipeline (i.e., liquid effluent discharge pipeline 110 and non-discharge discharge pipeline 210) to mainly sample and analyze groundwater to determine whether the groundwater is contaminated by radioactive nuclides. When selecting and laying out the groundwater monitoring wells, factors such as groundwater flow direction, population distribution, environmentally sensitive points (water sources), and topography are taken into account.
[0152] In some implementations, inspection wells are installed along the non-discharge and drainage pipeline 210 for pipeline construction, maintenance and environmental monitoring.
[0153] The land-based long-distance liquid effluent discharge system of this embodiment integrates the liquid effluent discharge pipe 110 within the non-dischargeable wastewater discharge pipe 210. In the event of an inner pipe leak, the liquid effluent first enters the outer pipe and mixes with the non-dischargeable wastewater, rather than leaking directly into the environment. Even if the non-dischargeable wastewater discharge pipe 210 leaks, because only a portion of the liquid effluent enters it, the radioactivity concentration of the liquid effluent leaked into the environment after mixing is far lower than that of direct discharge schemes and fully mixed discharge schemes where the liquid effluent and non-dischargeable wastewater are mixed within the plant before discharge. Therefore, this significantly improves the safety of liquid effluent discharge, reduces leakage and environmental risks, and minimizes the number of pipes while ensuring safety, thus improving economic efficiency.
[0154] Meanwhile, because the radioactivity concentration of the leaked liquid effluent into the environment is low, the risk of small ruptures in the pipeline not being addressed promptly is relatively small. Therefore, for nuclear power plants, the pipeline can be inspected during plant shutdowns, avoiding disruption to normal unit operation and reducing maintenance frequency and costs.
[0155] Leakage monitoring devices are installed at the inlet and outlet of the liquid effluent discharge pipe 110 to avoid introducing additional leakage points in the middle of the pipe, and to detect minor leaks by periodic tritium sampling, which greatly improves the accuracy of liquid effluent leakage monitoring.
[0156] To better understand the long-distance land-based discharge system for liquid effluent provided in this application embodiment, an exemplary description is given below in conjunction with a specific application implementation.
[0157] The structural diagram of the long-distance land-based discharge system for liquid effluent in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 3 As shown in the diagram, the system mainly consists of two parts: in-plant emission devices and external emission devices. The in-plant emission devices are... Figure 3 The left part of the vertical dashed line passing through the non-discharge drainage leakage monitoring device 147 is the middle part, and the right part of the vertical dashed line is the external discharge device.
[0158] The liquid effluent discharge method is a "pipe-in-pipe" method in which two liquid effluent discharge pipes (i.e., liquid effluent discharge branch pipes) 122 and 124 are respectively built into the non-discharge and drainage discharge pipes 201 and 203 (i.e., non-discharge and drainage discharge branch pipes). Both the liquid effluent discharge pipe and the non-discharge and drainage discharge pipe are used and have one standby.
[0159] Liquid effluent is discharged from liquid effluent discharge tank 111. The flow rate and radioactivity concentration are monitored by the first flow meter 113 and radiation monitoring device 115 on the liquid effluent discharge main pipe 112. The liquid effluent discharge regulating valve 114 controls the discharge and regulates the flow rate. Within the plant, it is divided into a main liquid effluent discharge pipeline 122 and a backup liquid effluent discharge pipeline 124, and the discharge is controlled by the main liquid effluent isolation valve 121 and the backup isolation valve 123, respectively.
[0160] Non-discharge drainage is discharged from non-discharge drainage device 141, and the flow rate is monitored by non-discharge main flow meter 144 and backup flow meter 145 on main non-discharge drainage discharge pipe 201 and backup non-discharge drainage discharge pipe 203. First isolation valve 142 and second isolation valve 143 control the discharge and flow rate. Third isolation valve 202 and fourth isolation valve 204 prevent seawater backflow and discharge to seaside drainage conversion well 150.
[0161] In some embodiments, the primary non-discharge drainage pipe 201 and the backup non-discharge drainage pipe 203 are buried at a certain depth underground, avoiding the impact of the drainage pipes on the surface and reducing the damage to the pipes caused by human activities on the surface. A certain slope can be set for the pipes from the plant to the seaside, so that when the discharge pump is not working, the corresponding pipes can still drain water by gravity.
[0162] The main liquid effluent discharge pipe 122 and the backup liquid effluent discharge pipe 124 are introduced into the main non-discharge drainage pipe 201 and the backup non-discharge drainage pipe 203 after the first isolation valve 142 and the second isolation valve 143 in the non-discharge drainage pool 146, and are led out before the third isolation valve 202 and the fourth isolation valve 204, so that the liquid effluent enters the drainage conversion well 150 separately and then mixes with the non-discharge drainage.
[0163] In some embodiments, the primary liquid effluent discharge pipe 122 is laid at the bottom of the primary non-discharge drainage discharge pipe 201, and the backup liquid effluent discharge pipe 124 is laid at the bottom of the backup non-discharge drainage discharge pipe 203. The upper and lower parts of the primary liquid effluent discharge pipe 122 and the backup liquid effluent discharge pipe 124 are fixed by means of cement cover plates, fiberglass gratings, or fixing rings, respectively. The primary liquid effluent discharge pipe 122 and the backup liquid effluent discharge pipe 124 can be single-walled pipes or double-walled pipes. The single-walled pipes can be steel-reinforced plastic composite pipes, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipes, fiberglass pipes, etc., and the double-walled pipes can be double-layer HDPE pipes, etc. The primary non-discharge drainage discharge pipe 201 and the backup non-discharge drainage discharge pipe 203 can be made of concrete lined with fiberglass. The liquid effluent discharge pipeline can be made of double-walled pipe by installing a leak monitoring device on the inner wall, or by connecting the double-walled pipe to a single-walled pipe through fittings at the beginning and end of the liquid effluent discharge pipeline, and then installing a leak monitoring device, such as a manual sampling or leak sensor, on the single-walled pipe, so that the liquid effluent will not leak into the environment.
[0164] In some embodiments, a non-discharge drainage leakage monitoring system 147 is installed at both ends of the main non-discharge drainage discharge pipe 201 and the backup non-discharge drainage discharge pipe 203 to monitor whether the pipes are leaking. A liquid effluent leakage monitoring system 116 is installed at both ends of the main liquid effluent discharge pipe 122 and the backup liquid effluent discharge pipe 124 to monitor whether the pipes are leaking.
[0165] In some embodiments, flap gates are installed at the output ends of the primary non-discharge drainage pipe 201 and the backup non-discharge drainage pipe 203 to prevent seawater containing liquid effluent from flowing back into the drainage conversion well 150. To ensure the effectiveness of backflow prevention, isolation valves can also be installed at the pipe output ends to ensure one-way drainage.
[0166] When a liquid effluent leaks from an off-site land pipeline, the liquid effluent from the main liquid effluent discharge pipeline 122 and the backup liquid effluent discharge pipeline 124 will first enter the main non-radiative discharge pipeline 201 and the backup non-radiative discharge pipeline 203, respectively, to avoid direct entry into the environment and causing environmental pollution. Even if a small-flow leak occurs simultaneously in both the inner and outer pipelines, the liquid effluent leaking into the environment will first be mixed with non-radiative discharge in the outer pipeline. The radioactivity concentration will be much lower than that of liquid effluent leaked directly or when mixed with non-radiative discharge before being discharged through a single pipeline. The environmental impact will be minimal, and pipeline maintenance can be carried out during the nuclear power plant shutdown period to avoid affecting the normal operation of the unit.
[0167] Once a leak is detected in a pipeline in use and the leakage flow exceeds the set threshold, a leak accident can be determined. The main isolation valve 121 can be closed immediately to stop the discharge from the pipeline. At the same time, the backup isolation valve 123 is opened to activate the backup liquid effluent discharge pipeline 124 for liquid effluent discharge. This allows for timely switching of the discharge pipeline in the event of a leak accident, without affecting the operation of the liquid effluent discharge system and the nuclear power plant unit, and facilitates the isolation and maintenance of the leaking pipeline.
[0168] In some embodiments, the inspection well 205 can be used for pipeline maintenance.
[0169] In some embodiments, after locating the pipeline leak point, the leak point is found and repaired through on-site inspection. During repair, the water in the drainage conversion well 150 is drained, and the liquid effluent discharge pipe and the non-discharge drainage discharge pipe are drained by gravity. After the corresponding pipe is drained and isolated, the maintenance personnel can enter the corresponding non-discharge drainage discharge pipe for repair.
[0170] The liquid effluent long-distance land-based discharge system of this embodiment proposes a "pipe-in-pipe" approach, in which the liquid effluent discharge pipe is built into the non-discharge drainage pipe. When a liquid effluent leaks, it enters the outer pipe and mixes with the non-discharge drainage instead of directly entering the environment. This design significantly reduces the possibility of liquid effluent leakage and also significantly reduces the concentration of radioactivity that would enter the environment if a liquid effluent leaked under normal operating conditions.
[0171] Installing leak monitoring systems at the inlet and outlet of the liquid effluent discharge pipeline, instead of installing additional leak monitoring devices in the middle of the pipeline, reduces the number of leakage points during long-distance liquid effluent discharge, improving the safety and reliability of liquid effluent discharge. Furthermore, by installing tritium monitoring and groundwater radioactivity monitoring at the inlet and outlet of the external pipe, even extremely small leaks can be detected, greatly improving leak detection accuracy and further enhancing environmental safety.
[0172] Example 3
[0173] like Figure 4 As shown, the method for long-distance land-based discharge of liquid effluent provided in this application embodiment may include steps S301 to S303.
[0174] S301, the liquid effluent discharge tank discharges liquid effluent to the drainage conversion well via the liquid effluent discharge pipe.
[0175] In some implementations, the land-based long-distance discharge system for liquid effluents includes sampling and analysis equipment.
[0176] Prior to S301, there is also a sampling and analysis process, as detailed below:
[0177] The sampling and analysis equipment samples and analyzes the liquid effluent in the liquid effluent discharge tank to determine the radioactivity concentration of the liquid effluent in the liquid effluent discharge tank.
[0178] If the radioactivity concentration is less than the preset concentration threshold, then execute S301.
[0179] If the radioactivity concentration is greater than or equal to the preset concentration threshold, the liquid effluent discharge tank will stop discharging liquid effluent into the drainage conversion well.
[0180] For example, samples are taken and analyzed from the liquid effluent to determine its relevant parameters. Based on the activity concentration of radionuclides (such as 60Co, 90Sr, 134Cs, 137Cs, etc.) in the liquid effluent, the non-discharge flow rate, and the environmental discharge requirements of the receiving water body, the dilution factor of the liquid effluent is calculated to determine the discharge flow rate.
[0181] For example, the liquid effluent from the liquid effluent discharge tank can be sampled, and the dilution factor of the liquid effluent can be calculated based on the sampling results and the environmental discharge requirements of the receiving water body. The dilution factor is calculated as: (Concentration of the nuclide with the highest exceedance) / (Activity concentration of that nuclide as required by the environmental discharge requirements).
[0182] Additionally, the discharge flow rate of the liquid effluent can be determined based on the non-discharge flow rate and the dilution ratio. Liquid effluent discharge flow rate = Non-discharge flow rate under the most unfavorable operating condition / Dilution ratio.
[0183] In some implementations, the land-based long-distance discharge system for liquid effluents also includes monitoring and analysis equipment.
[0184] The method also includes:
[0185] The sampling and analysis equipment performs tritium sampling and monitoring on the non-discharge drainage from the non-discharge drainage pipeline and generates corresponding tritium sampling and monitoring results.
[0186] The monitoring and analysis equipment performs radioactivity monitoring on the groundwater around non-discharge and drainage pipelines and generates corresponding radioactivity monitoring results.
[0187] If the tritium sampling and monitoring results or the radioactivity monitoring results indicate a leak, the liquid effluent discharge tank will stop discharging liquid effluent into the drainage conversion well.
[0188] For example, radioactivity monitoring of groundwater around the discharge pipeline can help determine whether there is a minor leakage of liquid effluent.
[0189] In some implementations, the sampling and analysis equipment performs tritium sampling and monitoring on the non-discharged wastewater from non-discharged drainage pipes, and the specific process for generating corresponding tritium sampling and monitoring results is as follows:
[0190] The sampling and analysis equipment performs non-discharge drainage sampling at the input and output ends of the non-discharge drainage pipeline near the drainage conversion well, generating a first sample corresponding to the input end and a second sample corresponding to the output end of the non-discharge drainage pipeline.
[0191] Tritium concentration analysis was performed on the first and second samples to generate the corresponding tritium concentration difference.
[0192] The corresponding tritium sampling and monitoring results are generated based on the tritium concentration difference.
[0193] For example, tritium monitoring can be performed by manually sampling at sampling points set up at the inlet of the non-discharged wastewater discharge pipeline and at the outlet of the wastewater mixing tank. The first and second samples can be sent to an environmental laboratory for analysis to test the tritium concentration in the non-discharged wastewater. The difference between the two samples and the non-discharged wastewater flow rate are used to calculate the amount of liquid effluent leaked into the external pipe, thus obtaining the tritium sampling monitoring results. This method can detect tritium concentrations close to environmental background levels, corresponding to extremely small liquid effluent leaks. The leak monitoring accuracy is significantly improved compared to conventional flow rate or pressure wave monitoring methods.
[0194] S302. The non-discharge drainage device discharges non-discharge drainage into the drainage conversion well via the non-discharge drainage discharge pipe.
[0195] S303, the drainage conversion well mixes liquid effluent with non-discharged wastewater and discharges it into the receiving water body.
[0196] The land-based long-distance discharge method for liquid effluent provided in this application has the beneficial effects and implementation methods of the land-based long-distance discharge system for liquid effluent provided in Embodiments 1 and 2 of this application. For details, please refer to the specific descriptions of the land-based long-distance discharge system for liquid effluent in Embodiments 1 and 2 above. This embodiment will not repeat them here.
[0197] It is understood that the various method embodiments mentioned above in this application can be combined with each other to form combined embodiments without violating the principle and logic. Due to space limitations, this disclosure will not elaborate further. Those skilled in the art will understand that in the above methods of specific implementation, the specific execution order of each step should be determined by its function and possible internal logic.
[0198] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary implementations used to illustrate the principles of this application, and this application is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of this application, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A long-distance land-based discharge system for liquid effluent, characterized in that, include: Liquid effluent discharge tank, non-discharge drainage device, liquid effluent discharge pipeline, non-discharge drainage pipeline, and drainage conversion well; The output end of the liquid effluent discharge tank is connected to the input end of the liquid effluent discharge pipe, and the output end of the liquid effluent discharge pipe is connected to the drainage conversion well. The output end of the non-drainage device is connected to the input end of the non-drainage discharge pipe, and the output end of the non-drainage discharge pipe is connected to the drainage conversion well. The liquid effluent discharge pipe is located in the non-discharge / drainage discharge pipe; The liquid effluent is stored and discharged from the liquid effluent discharge tank, and then discharged to the drainage conversion well via the non-discharge drainage discharge pipe; The non-discharged wastewater is discharged by the non-discharged wastewater device and discharged to the drainage conversion well via the non-discharged wastewater discharge pipe; The drainage conversion well is used to mix the liquid effluent with the non-discharged wastewater and discharge it into the receiving water body.
2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Non-discharge drainage leakage monitoring devices and liquid effluent leakage monitoring devices; The non-discharge drainage leakage monitoring device is connected to the input end and the output end of the non-discharge drainage pipeline, respectively. The liquid effluent leakage monitoring device is connected to both the input and output ends of the liquid effluent discharge pipeline. The non-discharge drainage leakage monitoring device is used to monitor whether the non-discharge drainage pipeline is leaking. The liquid effluent leakage monitoring device is used to monitor whether a leak occurs in the liquid effluent discharge pipeline.
3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The liquid effluent leakage monitoring device includes a first control unit and one or more of the following first monitoring units: pressure sensor, flow meter, acoustic sensor, optical fiber; The first monitoring unit comprises multiple units and is installed at the input and output ends of the liquid effluent discharge pipe; The first control unit is connected to all the first monitoring units; The first control unit is used to determine whether the liquid effluent discharge pipe is leaking based on the monitoring data collected by all the first monitoring units; The non-discharge drainage leakage monitoring device includes a second control unit and one or more of the following second monitoring units: pressure sensor, flow meter, acoustic sensor, optical fiber; The second monitoring unit comprises multiple units and is installed at the input and output ends of the non-discharge drainage pipe; The second control unit is connected to all the second monitoring units; The second control unit is used to determine whether the non-discharge drainage pipe is leaking based on the monitoring data collected by all the second monitoring units.
4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid effluent discharge pipeline includes: a main liquid effluent discharge pipe and multiple liquid effluent discharge branch pipes; wherein, one liquid effluent discharge branch pipe is used as the main pipeline, and the other liquid effluent discharge branch pipes are used as backup pipelines; The input end of the liquid effluent discharge main pipe is connected to the output end of the liquid effluent discharge tank, and the output end of the liquid effluent discharge main pipe is connected to the input end of each of the liquid effluent discharge branch pipes. The output end of each of the liquid effluent discharge branch pipes is connected to the drainage conversion well; The non-discharge drainage pipeline includes multiple non-discharge drainage branch pipes; among them, one non-discharge drainage branch pipe is used as the main pipeline, and the other non-discharge drainage branch pipes are used as backup pipelines. The number of liquid effluent discharge branch pipes is the same as the number of non-discharge drainage branch pipes, and each liquid effluent discharge branch pipe is installed in a corresponding non-discharge drainage branch pipe.
5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The main discharge pipe for liquid effluent is equipped with a first flow meter and a first regulating valve; Each of the aforementioned liquid effluent discharge branch pipes is equipped with a corresponding second regulating valve; Each of the aforementioned non-discharge drainage branch pipes is equipped with a corresponding isolation valve and a corresponding second flow meter; The first regulating valve is used to regulate the discharge flow rate of the liquid effluent in the main liquid effluent discharge pipe; The second regulating valve is used to regulate the discharge flow rate of the liquid effluent in the corresponding liquid effluent discharge branch pipe; The first flow meter is used to monitor the discharge flow rate of the liquid effluent in the main liquid discharge pipe; The second flow meter is used to monitor the discharge flow rate of non-discharged drainage in the corresponding non-discharged drainage branch pipe; The isolation valve is used to control the opening and closing of the corresponding non-drainage discharge branch pipe.
6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes: radiation monitoring devices; The radiation monitoring device is installed on the main liquid effluent discharge pipe and connected to the first regulating valve; The radiation monitoring device is used to monitor the radioactivity concentration of the liquid effluent in the main liquid discharge pipe, and controls the first regulating valve to close when the radioactivity concentration is greater than or equal to a preset concentration threshold.
7. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the liquid effluent discharge branch pipes is fixed to the bottom of the corresponding non-discharge discharge branch pipe by a preset fixing method; the preset fixing method is based on cement cover plate, fiberglass grating or fixing ring.
8. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The liquid effluent discharge pipe is a single-walled pipe or a double-walled pipe; If the liquid effluent discharge pipe is a double-walled pipe, the first monitoring unit is installed on the inner wall of the liquid effluent discharge pipe, or the double-walled pipe is connected to the single-walled pipe through pipe fittings at the input and output ends of the liquid effluent discharge pipe, and the first monitoring unit is installed on the single-walled pipe. A collection device is provided in the cavity between the inner and outer walls of the double-walled pipe, and the collection device is used to collect leaked liquid effluent. The output end of the non-discharge and drainage pipeline is equipped with a flap gate; The flap gate is used to prevent seawater containing liquid outflow from flowing back into the drainage conversion well.
9. A method for long-distance land-based discharge of liquid effluent, characterized in that, Based on the long-distance land-based discharge system for liquid effluents according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the method includes: The liquid effluent discharge tank discharges the liquid effluent into the drainage conversion well via the liquid effluent discharge pipe; The non-discharge drainage device discharges non-discharge drainage into the drainage conversion well via a non-discharge drainage discharge pipe; The drainage conversion well mixes the liquid effluent with the non-discharged wastewater and discharges it into the receiving water body.
10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The land-based long-distance discharge system for liquid effluent includes sampling and analysis equipment; Before the liquid effluent discharge tank discharges the liquid effluent to the drainage conversion well via the liquid effluent discharge pipe, it also includes: The sampling and analysis equipment samples and analyzes the liquid effluent in the liquid effluent discharge tank to determine the radioactivity concentration of the liquid effluent in the liquid effluent discharge tank; If the radioactivity concentration is less than a preset concentration threshold, then the step of discharging the liquid effluent from the liquid effluent discharge tank to the drainage conversion well via the liquid effluent discharge pipe is executed. If the radioactivity concentration is greater than or equal to the preset concentration threshold, the liquid effluent discharge tank will stop discharging liquid effluent into the drainage conversion well.
11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The land-based long-distance discharge system for liquid effluent also includes monitoring and analysis equipment; The method further includes: The sampling and analysis equipment performs tritium sampling and monitoring on the non-discharged drainage from the non-discharged drainage pipeline and generates corresponding tritium sampling and monitoring results; The monitoring and analysis equipment performs radioactivity monitoring on the groundwater around the non-discharge and drainage pipeline and generates corresponding radioactivity monitoring results. If the tritium sampling and monitoring results or the radioactivity monitoring results indicate a leak, the liquid effluent discharge tank will stop discharging liquid effluent into the drainage conversion well.
12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The sampling and analysis equipment performs tritium sampling and monitoring on the non-discharged drainage from the non-discharged drainage pipeline, and generates corresponding tritium sampling and monitoring results, including: The sampling and analysis equipment performs non-discharge sampling at the input and output ends of the non-discharge drainage pipe near the drainage conversion well, generating a first sample corresponding to the input end and a second sample corresponding to the output end of the non-discharge drainage pipe. Tritium concentration analysis was performed on the first sample and the second sample to generate the corresponding tritium concentration difference; The corresponding tritium sampling and monitoring results are generated based on the tritium concentration difference.