Large equal-height hybrid power hard rock cutting mechanism

Abstract

The invention provides a large equal-height hybrid power hard rock cutting mechanism which comprises a cutting speed reducer, a cutting roller and a supporting base. The supporting base is used for being installed on excavation equipment. The cutting speed reducer is installed on the supporting seat, and the cutting roller is arranged on the periphery of the output end of the cutting speed reducer in a sleeving mode and driven by the cutting speed reducer to rotate. The outer diameter of the cutting roller is equal to the section height of a roadway to be tunneled, so that the cutting roller can cover the full-height area of the roadway from a bottom plate to a top plate at a time when rotating. The invention can meet the requirements of roadway forming, save the working time, improve the working efficiency and widen the application range of excavation equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mining equipment for hard rock extraction, and in particular to a large-scale, equal-height hybrid hard rock cutting mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] Mining machinery and equipment can be categorized into three types based on the method of forming the roadway cross-section: partial cross-section, full-width cross-section, and full-face cross-section. Partial cross-section mining equipment is primarily based on tunneling machines (TBMs), full-width cross-section mining equipment is primarily based on roadheader-and-anchor (BOMA), and full-face mining equipment is primarily based on tunnel boring machines (TBMs). TBMs are mainly used for developing coal, semi-coal-rock, and all-rock roadways. Their advantages include strong adaptability, but their small cutting head size results in low advance efficiency. BOMAs form the roadway in a single pass, but they are costly and less flexible, generally only suitable for circular roadway cross-sections and not suitable for large-scale application in the mining industry. BOMAs use an up-and-down swing cutting method, with a moderate excavation speed, and are mainly suitable for developing coal and semi-coal-rock roadways.

[0003] In recent years, with the mining of rock tunnels, the hardness of the rock in the tunnels has become increasingly higher. To adapt to hard rock cutting, horizontal shaft tunneling machines are often used. Due to the specific structure of the cutting reducer, the power torque needs to be transmitted to the horizontal shaft through a slender shaft. The horizontal shaft drives the cutting drum to rotate through a planetary reducer to achieve the purpose of rock breaking. This structure results in a certain cutting blind zone in the cutting drum. Because of the existence of these cutting blind zones, the rock in these areas is not broken by the cutting teeth, leaving rock walls. The presence of rock walls prevents the entire tunneling machine from advancing forward, and it can only frequently swing the cutting mechanism left and right to eliminate the remaining blind zones, greatly reducing production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to propose a new type of cutting mechanism for large-scale equal-height hybrid hard rock cutting, which can effectively eliminate cutting blind spots and improve the continuous excavation capability of hard rock tunnels.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes a large-scale equal-height hybrid hard rock cutting mechanism, comprising: a cutting reducer, a cutting drum, and a support base; The support base is used for installation on mining equipment; the cutting reducer is installed on the support base, and the cutting drum is sleeved on the outer periphery of the output end of the cutting reducer and is driven to rotate by the cutting reducer; the outer diameter of the cutting drum is equal to the cross-sectional height of the roadway to be excavated, so that the cutting drum can cover the entire height area of ​​the roadway from the bottom plate to the top plate in one go when rotating.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the cutting reducer includes a supporting main shaft, an output gear ring, at least one electric motor, at least one hydraulic motor, a sprocket, and multiple reduction mechanisms; Both ends of the support spindle are connected to the support base; the middle of the support spindle is provided with a mounting plate extending radially outward; the electric motor and the hydraulic motor are mounted axially on the mounting plate; a plurality of reduction mechanisms are respectively connected to the output ends of the corresponding electric motor and / or hydraulic motor; the output ends of the reduction mechanisms drive the sprocket to rotate, the sprocket meshes with the inner ring of the output gear ring, and the outer ring of the output gear ring is connected to the inner circumference of the cutting drum.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, there are three electric motors and three hydraulic motors, which are evenly distributed circumferentially on the mounting plate; there are six reduction mechanisms, with each electric motor and each hydraulic motor connected to one reduction mechanism respectively.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the cutting reducer further includes two bearing housings and two bearings; the inner rings of the two bearings are respectively sleeved on both sides of the supporting main shaft, the two bearing housings are respectively connected to the outer rings of the corresponding bearings, and the two ends of the output gear ring are respectively connected to the two bearing housings and rotate synchronously with the bearing housings.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the cutting reducer further includes two first skeleton seals, two nuts, two bearing caps, and two second skeleton seals; the two nuts are respectively threaded to both ends of the supporting spindle for axially limiting the inner ring of the bearing; the bearing caps are connected to the bearing housing for axially limiting the outer ring of the bearing; the two first skeleton seals are respectively installed on the outer side of the bearing, located between the bearing caps and the supporting spindle; the two second skeleton seals are respectively installed on the inner side of the bearing, located between the bearing housing and the supporting spindle.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the cutting roller includes a roller body, at least one flat key, a plurality of hob holders and a plurality of hobs; the flat key is disposed on the inner circumferential surface of the roller body and engages with the output gear ring; the plurality of hob holders are distributed along the outer circumferential surface of the roller body in a cylindrical helical pattern; the hobs are detachably connected to the corresponding hob holders.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the front part of the support base has a U-shaped connecting part, and the U-shaped connecting part is provided with two through square holes for cutting reducers for connecting the cutting reducers; the rear end of the support base is provided with a base square hole for connecting mining equipment; the middle part of the support base is provided with a rotary main pin hole that communicates with the base square hole in the vertical direction; and rotary cylinder hinge holes are provided on both sides of the rotary main pin hole.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The large-scale equal-height hybrid hard rock cutting mechanism of the present invention adopts an equal-height cutting drum design, that is, the outer diameter of the cutting drum is equal to the cross-sectional height of the roadway to be excavated, which reduces the up-and-down swing mode of the cutting mechanism in the prior art, leaving only the left-and-right swing mode of the cutting mechanism, which can meet the roadway forming requirements, save working time, improve working efficiency, and expand the application range of mining equipment.

[0014] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. Wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-scale equal-height hybrid hard rock cutting mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic axial cross-sectional view of the cutting reducer in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first radial cross-section of the cutting reducer in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second radial cross-section of the cutting reducer in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting roller structure in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the support base in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1 is the cutting reducer, 2 is the cutting drum, 3 is the support base, 1-1 is the support spindle, 1-2 is the first skeleton seal, 1-3 is the nut, 1-4 is the bearing cover, 1-5 is the bearing seat, 1-6 is the output gear ring, 1-7 is the bearing, 1-8 is the second skeleton seal, 1-9 is the motor, 1-10 is the coupling, 1-11 is the sprocket, 1-12 is the reduction mechanism, 1-13 is the hydraulic motor, 2-1 is the drum body, 2-2 is the flat key, 2-3 is the hob holder, 2-4 is the hob, 3-1 is the rotary main pin hole, 3-2 is the rotary cylinder hinge hole, 3-3 is the machine base square hole, and 3-4 is the cutting reducer square hole. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the invention, and should not be construed as limiting the invention. Rather, embodiments of the invention include all variations, modifications, and equivalents falling within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

[0023] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 6 This describes a large-scale, equal-height hybrid hard rock cutting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] See Figure 1 According to an embodiment of the present invention, a large-scale equal-height hybrid hard rock cutting mechanism includes a cutting reducer 1, a cutting drum 2, and a support base 3.

[0025] Support base 3 is used for mounting on mining equipment. The specific type of mining equipment is set according to actual needs and is not limited thereto; for example, it can be a roadheader or a tunneling machine. The central shaft of the cutting reducer 1 is mounted transversely on support base 3. The cutting reducer 1 uses a hybrid drive, such as electric drive and hydraulic drive. Transverse refers to the width direction of the roadway. The cutting drum 2 is fitted around the output end of the cutting reducer 1 and is driven to rotate by the cutting reducer 1. The outer diameter of the cutting drum 2 is equal to the cross-sectional height of the roadway to be excavated, so that the cutting drum 2 can cover the entire height area of ​​the roadway from the floor to the roof in one go when rotating. It should be noted that the outer diameter of the cutting drum 2 is adjusted according to the height of the roadway being excavated, and the specific size is not limited.

[0026] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the large-scale equal-height hybrid hard rock cutting mechanism adopts an equal-height cutting drum design, that is, the outer diameter of the cutting drum is equal to the cross-sectional height of the roadway to be excavated. This reduces the up-and-down swing mode of the cutting mechanism in the prior art, leaving only the left-and-right swing mode of the cutting mechanism. This can meet the roadway forming requirements, save working time, improve working efficiency, and expand the application range of mining equipment.

[0027] Combination Figures 1 to 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the cutting reducer 1 includes a support spindle 1-1, an output gear ring 1-6, at least one electric motor 1-9, at least one hydraulic motor 1-13, a sprocket 1-11, and multiple reduction mechanisms 1-12.

[0028] Both ends of the support spindle 1-1 are connected to the support base 3. A mounting plate extending radially outward is provided in the middle of the support spindle 1-1. The electric motor 1-9 and hydraulic motor 1-13 are axially mounted on the mounting plate. Multiple reduction mechanisms 1-12 are respectively connected to the output ends of the corresponding electric motor 1-9 and / or hydraulic motor 1-13. The number of sprockets 1-11 is equal to the sum of the number of electric motors 1-9 and hydraulic motors 1-13. The number of electric motors 1-9 and hydraulic motors 1-13 is set according to actual needs and is not limited. The output end of the reduction mechanism 1-12 drives the sprocket 1-11 to rotate. The sprocket 1-11 meshes with the inner ring of the output gear ring 1-6, and the outer ring of the output gear ring 1-6 is connected to the inner circumference of the cutting drum 2. The function of the reduction mechanism 1-12 is to reduce the output speed of the electric motor 1-9 and hydraulic motor 1-13 and increase the output torque.

[0029] The main support shaft 1-1 primarily serves a supporting function and does not rotate during the operation of the cutting mechanism. The number of electric motors 1-9 and hydraulic motors 1-13 is selected according to actual needs. The specific type of the reduction mechanism 1-12 is set according to actual needs and is not limited thereto; for example, the reduction mechanism 1-12 can be a planetary gear reducer, worm gear reducer, etc. It should be noted that electric motors 1-9 and hydraulic motors 1-13 can output power simultaneously or individually.

[0030] In one example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the output ends of electric motor 1-9 and hydraulic motor 1-13 are connected to the input end of reduction mechanism 1-12 via coupling 1-10. There are three electric motors 1-9 and three hydraulic motors 1-13, which are evenly distributed circumferentially on the mounting plate. There are six reduction mechanisms 1-12, with one reduction mechanism 1-12 connected to each electric motor 1-9 and each hydraulic motor 1-13.

[0031] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the cutting reducer 1 also includes two bearing housings 1-5 and two bearings 1-7. The inner rings of the two bearings 1-7 are respectively fitted on both sides of the supporting main shaft 1-1, and the two bearing housings 1-5 are respectively connected to the outer rings of the corresponding bearings 1-7. The two ends of the output gear ring 1-6 are respectively connected to the two bearing housings 1-5 and rotate synchronously with the bearing housings 1-5.

[0032] Figure 2The workflow of the large-scale equal-height hybrid hard rock cutting mechanism provided in the illustrated embodiment is as follows: Three electric motors 1-9 powered by an electric power source and three hydraulic motors 1-13 powered by hydraulic oil transmit high-speed, low-torque power to six reduction mechanisms 1-12 via six connected couplings 1-10. The six reduction mechanisms 1-12 convert the power into low-speed, high-torque power through gear reduction. The six reduction mechanisms 1-12 then transmit the converted low-speed, high-torque power to six connected sprockets 1-1 through their output ends. 1. Six sprockets 1-11 transmit low-speed, high-torque power to the output gear ring 1-6 connected to them. The output gear ring 1-6 combines the power of the six output sprockets 1-11 to output a larger torque. While the output gear ring 1-6 obtains a large torque, it is supported by two bearing seats 1-5 connected at both ends and rotates together with the outer rings of two bearings 1-7. The inner rings of the two bearings 1-7 are fixed on both sides of the supporting main shaft 1-1, and the outer rings drive the bearing seats 1-5 and the output gear ring 1-6 to rotate, thereby realizing the output of large torque.

[0033] In some embodiments, the cutting reducer 1 further includes two first skeleton seals 1-2, two nuts 1-3, two bearing caps 1-4, and two second skeleton seals 1-8. The two nuts 1-3 are threaded to both ends of the supporting spindle 1-1, respectively, for axially limiting the inner ring of the bearing 1-7. The bearing caps 1-4 are connected to the bearing housing 1-5, for axially limiting the outer ring of the bearing 1-7. The two first skeleton seals 1-2 are respectively installed on the outer side of the bearing 1-7, located between the bearing caps 1-4 and the supporting spindle 1-1. The two second skeleton seals 1-8 are respectively installed on the inner side of the bearing 1-7, located between the bearing housing 1-5 and the supporting spindle 1-1. The first skeleton seals 1-2 and the second skeleton seals 1-8 serve to seal the lubricating grease.

[0034] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the cutting drum 2 includes a drum body 2-1, at least one flat key 2-2, multiple cutter holders 2-3, and multiple cutters 2-4. The flat key 2-2 is located on the inner circumferential surface of the drum body 2-1 and mates with the output gear ring 1-6. Specifically, the flat key 2-2 is embedded in the inner circumferential surface of the drum body 2-1, and the outer circumferential surface of the output gear ring 1-6 has a keyway, with the flat key 2-2 mates with the keyway. The multiple cutter holders 2-3 are distributed along the outer circumferential surface of the drum body 2-1 in a cylindrical helical pattern to achieve the purpose of cutting hard rock. The cutter holders 2-3 can be welded to the outer circumferential surface of the drum body 2-1. The cutters 2-4 are detachably connected to their corresponding cutter holders 2-3. The output gear ring 1-6 transmits a large torque to the drum body 2-1 through the flat key 2-2, further driving the cutters 2-4 to rotate together for hard rock cutting.

[0035] like Figure 6 As shown, the front of the support base 3 has a U-shaped connecting part, on which two through-hole square holes 3-4 for connecting the cutting reducer 1 are provided. The rear end of the support base 3 has a base square hole 3-3, which is used to connect the mining equipment. The middle of the support base 3 has a rotary main pin hole 3-1 that runs vertically through the base square hole 3-3; rotary cylinder hinge holes 3-2 are provided on both sides of the rotary main pin hole 3-1. The cylinder hinge holes 3-2 are used to hinge the rotary cylinder of the mining equipment to drive the cutting mechanism to swing around the axis of the rotary main pin hole 3-1.

[0036] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0037] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0039] In the description of this invention, the terms "left," "right," "front," "rear," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0040] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0041] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large-scale, equal-height hybrid hard rock cutting mechanism, characterized in that, include: Cutting reducer (1), cutting drum (2) and support base (3); The support base (3) is used to install on the mining equipment; the cutting reducer (1) is installed on the support base (3), and the cutting drum (2) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the output end of the cutting reducer (1) and is driven to rotate by the cutting reducer (1); the outer diameter of the cutting drum (2) is equal to the cross-sectional height of the roadway to be excavated, so that the cutting drum (2) can cover the entire height area of ​​the roadway from the bottom plate to the top plate in one go when rotating.

2. The large-scale equal-height hybrid hard rock cutting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting reducer (1) includes a supporting main shaft (1-1), an output gear ring (1-6), at least one electric motor (1-9), at least one hydraulic motor (1-13), a sprocket (1-11), and multiple reduction mechanisms (1-12). The two ends of the support spindle (1-1) are connected to the support base (3); the middle of the support spindle (1-1) is provided with a mounting plate extending radially outward; the electric motor (1-9) and the hydraulic motor (1-13) are mounted axially on the mounting plate; a plurality of reduction mechanisms (1-12) are respectively connected to the output ends of the corresponding electric motor (1-9) and / or hydraulic motor (1-13); the output end of the reduction mechanism (1-12) drives the sprocket (1-11) to rotate, the sprocket (1-11) meshes with the inner ring of the output gear ring (1-6), and the outer ring of the output gear ring (1-6) is connected to the inner circumference of the cutting roller (2).

3. The large-scale equal-height hybrid hard rock cutting mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of electric motors (1-9) and hydraulic motors (1-13) is 3 each, and the electric motors (1-9) and hydraulic motors (1-13) are evenly distributed on the mounting plate along the circumference; the number of reduction mechanisms (1-12) is 6, and each electric motor (1-9) and each hydraulic motor (1-13) is respectively connected to one reduction mechanism (1-12).

4. The large-scale equal-height hybrid hard rock cutting mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cutting reducer (1) also includes two bearing seats (1-5) and two bearings (1-7); the inner rings of the two bearings (1-7) are respectively fitted on both sides of the supporting main shaft (1-1), the two bearing seats (1-5) are respectively connected to the outer rings of the corresponding bearings (1-7), and the two ends of the output gear ring (1-6) are respectively connected to the two bearing seats (1-5) and rotate synchronously with the bearing seats (1-5).

5. The large-scale equal-height hybrid hard rock cutting mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cutting reducer (1) further includes two first skeleton seals (1-2), two nuts (1-3), two bearing caps (1-4), and two second skeleton seals (1-8); the two nuts (1-3) are threaded to both ends of the support spindle (1-1) to axially limit the inner ring of the bearing (1-7); the bearing caps (1-4) are connected to the bearing seat (1-5) to axially limit the outer ring of the bearing (1-7); the two first skeleton seals (1-2) are respectively installed on the outside of the bearing (1-7), located between the bearing caps (1-4) and the support spindle (1-1); the two second skeleton seals (1-8) are respectively installed on the inside of the bearing (1-7), located between the bearing seat (1-5) and the support spindle (1-1).

6. The large-scale equal-height hybrid hard rock cutting mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cutting roller (2) includes a roller body (2-1), at least one flat key (2-2), multiple cutter holders (2-3), and multiple cutters (2-4); the flat key (2-2) is disposed on the inner circumferential surface of the roller body (2-1) and cooperates with the output gear ring (1-6); the multiple cutter holders (2-3) are distributed in a cylindrical helical pattern along the outer circumferential surface of the roller body (2-1); the cutters (2-4) are detachably connected to the corresponding cutter holders (2-3).

7. The large-scale equal-height hybrid hard rock cutting mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The front part of the support base (3) has a U-shaped connecting part, and the U-shaped connecting part is provided with two through square holes (3-4) for cutting reducers, which are used to connect the cutting reducers (1); the rear end of the support base (3) is provided with a base square hole (3-3), which is used to connect mining equipment; the middle part of the support base (3) is provided with a rotary main pin hole (3-1) that is vertically connected to the base square hole (3-3); the two sides of the rotary main pin hole (3-1) are respectively provided with rotary cylinder hinge holes (3-2).

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