Modularized sleeper plate type phase change energy storage unit and energy storage device

Abstract

The invention discloses a modular sleeper plate type phase change energy storage unit and an energy storage device. The modular sleeper plate type phase change energy storage unit comprises an upper-layer metal plate, a lower-layer metal plate and a metal box body, the upper-layer metal plate and the lower-layer metal plate are subjected to blow-up forming, the peripheral areas of the upper-layer metal plate and the lower-layer metal plate are connected in a sealed mode to form a peripheral sealing area, and the areas within the peripheral sealing area are connected through welding points distributed in a dot matrix mode; an internal fluid channel is formed between the upper-layer metal plate and the lower-layer metal plate; the metal box body wraps the upper-layer metal plate and the lower-layer metal plate along the peripheral sealing area; closed PCM packaging cavities are formed between the metal box body and the outer surface of the upper metal plate and between the metal box body and the outer surface of the lower metal plate, and the PCM packaging cavities are filled with phase change materials. The internal fluid channel communicates with a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet. The device has the advantages of high energy storage density, high heat transfer power, reliable structural strength and excellent modular expansion capability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of energy storage devices and relates to a modular pillow plate type phase change energy storage unit and energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] Phase change thermal / cold storage technology has been widely studied due to its advantages of high energy density and stable energy release temperature. However, its practical application faces a series of core challenges: First, from a technical perspective, one issue is the low thermal conductivity of PCMs, resulting in slow charging / discharging rates and low power density; another is the insufficient heat transfer interface between the energy storage unit and the heat exchange fluid, making it difficult to achieve efficient heat exchange within a limited space; third, there are compatibility issues between PCMs and building materials, as well as performance degradation and leakage risks after long-term use; and fourth, the low strength of PCMs themselves means that large-scale integration may affect building structural safety. Second, from an economic and maintenance perspective, the high initial cost of PCMs, their difficulty in maintenance and replacement, and the lack of targeted regulations and standards severely restrict their large-scale application in long-life-cycle scenarios such as buildings. Especially against the backdrop of developing near-zero energy buildings, low-carbon buildings, and promoting prefabricated building systems, higher requirements are placed on the efficiency, safety, modularity, and integrated integration of energy storage components, making existing technologies even more inadequate.

[0003] In existing technologies, adding high thermal conductivity fillers or embedding metal fins to the PCM (Polymer Capacitor) is commonly used to enhance heat transfer, but this often sacrifices energy storage density or increases process complexity. Another common approach is to use shell-and-tube energy storage units, but this suffers from uneven heat transfer and low energy storage capacity per unit volume. While some plate-type energy storage structures increase the area, they often have high structural rigidity, making it difficult to achieve flexible modular design and assembly, and it is difficult to strike a balance between enhancing heat transfer and maintaining structural strength. More importantly, existing structures generally lack effective maintenance interfaces. Once encapsulated, the internal PCM is almost impossible to replenish or replace, leading to the entire energy storage unit potentially failing prematurely due to material aging, leakage, or performance degradation. This fails to address the aforementioned challenges in durability, compatibility, and economy, and also makes it difficult to meet the requirements of new building systems for long-life, maintainable, and low-carbon emission energy storage components. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a modular pillow plate type phase change energy storage unit and energy storage device, which has high energy storage density, high heat transfer power, reliable structural strength and excellent modular expansion capability.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: A modular pillow-plate type phase change energy storage unit includes an upper metal plate, a lower metal plate, and a metal housing; The upper metal plate and the lower metal plate are blown together and formed. The peripheral areas of the upper metal plate and the lower metal plate are sealed and connected to form a peripheral sealing area. The area within the peripheral sealing area is connected by welding points distributed in a dot matrix. An internal fluid channel is formed between the upper metal plate and the lower metal plate. The metal enclosure is covered with an upper metal plate and a lower metal plate along the perimeter sealing area; a closed PCM packaging cavity is formed between the metal enclosure and the outer surfaces of the upper and lower metal plates, and the PCM packaging cavity is filled with phase change material; the internal fluid channel connects the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet.

[0006] Optionally, the welding points can be arranged in a triangular, rectangular, or hexagonal pattern.

[0007] Optionally, the metal housing is provided with an injection hole and a discharge hole, and the injection hole and discharge hole are provided with a sealing structure.

[0008] Optionally, the bulging height of the upper and lower metal plates is 8-15mm, the diameter of the welding point is 10-18mm, and the height of the metal box along the bulging direction is 16-20mm.

[0009] Optionally, the fluid inlet and fluid outlet are located on opposite sides, on the same side, or diagonally opposite sides of the metal enclosure.

[0010] Optionally, the center surfaces of the upper and lower metal plates can be flat or curved.

[0011] Optionally, the pitch ratio of the longitudinal spacing to the transverse spacing of adjacent welding points is 0.5-1.5.

[0012] Optionally, the upper metal plate, lower metal plate, and metal housing are made of stainless steel, aluminum alloy, or copper alloy, and the phase change material inside the PCM packaging cavity is an organic phase change material or an inorganic phase change material.

[0013] A flat-panel energy storage device comprising multiple modular pillow-plate phase change energy storage units; Multiple modular pillow-plate phase change energy storage units are arranged in the same plane; the fluid inlet and fluid outlet of each modular pillow-plate phase change energy storage unit are connected in series through a water collection pipe.

[0014] A stacked energy storage device includes multiple modular pillow-plate phase change energy storage units; Multiple modular pillow-plate phase change energy storage units are stacked in a direction perpendicular to the plate surface; the fluid inlet and fluid outlet of each modular pillow-plate phase change energy storage unit are welded to the external manifold.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: In this invention, the fluid channels formed by the high-pressure inflation of the upper and lower metal plates directly penetrate the interior of the PCM. Combined with the high thermal conductivity of the metal materials themselves, this constructs a highly efficient three-dimensional heat transfer network within the unit, significantly shortening the heat conduction path and thus dramatically improving the charge / discharge rate. This solves the problems of poor thermal conductivity and low power density inherent in traditional PCMs. Simultaneously, the double-enclosed metal cavity formed by the metal casing and metal plates not only uniformly transfers the phase change volume expansion pressure of the PCM to the high-strength metal frame, ensuring structural safety, but also completely isolates the PCM from contact with the external environment, fundamentally preventing leakage risks and chemical compatibility issues with building materials.

[0016] Furthermore, the welded joints act as tie rods, enhancing the metal plate's ability to resist high-pressure inflation from the internal fluid and operating pressure, ensuring structural rigidity. These welded joints also function as flow-turbulent elements, causing the fluid within the channels to flow around and turbulently, disrupting the fluid's thermal boundary layer, thereby further enhancing the convective heat transfer coefficient and improving overall heat transfer performance.

[0017] Furthermore, the design incorporates sealable filling and discharging interfaces, enhancing the maintainability of the energy storage unit. Utilizing the fluidity of the phase change material in its liquid state, extraction and filling are permitted through the orifice. This design allows for material replacement without scrapping the entire metal unit when the PCM experiences performance degradation or requires an upgrade, significantly extending product lifespan and reducing overall lifecycle maintenance costs and economic losses.

[0018] Furthermore, it provides multiple layout options for fluid inlet and outlet positions (opposite, same side, diagonal), giving the engineering installation great flexibility. In actual fluid distribution, selecting the appropriate interface position according to different installation spaces and pipeline routes can optimize the uniformity of fluid distribution within the plate, avoid flow dead zones, and simplify the connection complexity of external pipelines.

[0019] Furthermore, the blow molding process leverages its strong adaptability to molds. This allows energy storage units to no longer be limited to square spaces, but to conform to non-planar building surfaces such as cylinders, tunnels, or arched roofs, greatly expanding the product's application scenarios and achieving integrated design with complex building forms.

[0020] Furthermore, by employing planar arrangement and series connection, a flat, tiled energy storage device is formed. Utilizing its large area and thin structure, it can be embedded into walls, floors, or ceilings like a precast panel. This design achieves concealed energy storage within the building envelope without occupying additional interior space, making it ideal for wall integration in prefabricated and near-zero energy buildings.

[0021] Furthermore, a compact stacked energy storage device is constructed by employing vertical stacking and parallel welded manifolds. Through high-density stacking and parallel flow path design, maximum heat exchange area and energy storage capacity are achieved within a minimal footprint, while the parallel flow path reduces fluid pressure drop. This form is ideally suited for installation as a stand-alone energy storage device in spaces such as computer rooms, basements, or industrial plants for efficient peak shaving in centralized cooling / heating systems. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram (partial cross-section) of an embodiment of the modular pillow plate phase change energy storage unit of the present invention. Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view along line AA shows the internal structure and side nozzle configuration after blow molding. Figure 3 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view along line BB shows the internal flow and discharge port configuration of the energy storage unit; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the energy storage device of the present invention (flat energy storage device); Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a prefabricated phase change energy storage wall. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the energy storage device of the present invention (stacked energy storage device).

[0023] Among them, 1-upper metal plate, 2-lower metal plate, 3-peripheral sealing area, 4-metal box, 5-internal fluid channel, 6-PCM encapsulation cavity, 7a-fluid inlet, 7b-fluid outlet, 8-welding point, 9-series water collection pipe, 10-parallel external manifold, 11-injection hole, 12-discharge hole, 13-flat energy storage device, 14-stacked energy storage device. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms “installation,” “connection,” and “linkage” should be interpreted broadly, for example, as a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication; a direct connection or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium; or a connection within two elements or an interaction between two elements. The term “and / or” as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention.

[0027] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0028] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of the invention. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples; such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. In addition, examples of various specific processes and materials are provided in this invention, but those skilled in the art will recognize the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0029] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the modular pillow-plate type phase change energy storage unit of this embodiment includes: an upper metal plate 1 and a lower metal plate 2 arranged opposite each other. The peripheral areas of the upper metal plate 1 and the lower metal plate 2 are sealed and welded to form a closed peripheral sealing area 3. Within the area of ​​the peripheral sealing area 3, the upper metal plate 1 and the lower metal plate 2 are welded together by a plurality of welding points 8 distributed in a dot matrix pattern. Under the constraint of the peripheral sealing area 3 and the welding points 8, the metal plates are plastically deformed by fluid pressure blowing molding of the internal cavity defined therein, thereby forming at least one meandering internal fluid channel 5 between the upper metal plate 1 and the lower metal plate 2. Subsequently, a rectangular metal box 4 is used to wrap and seal the inflated plates along the periphery sealing area 3 of the upper metal plate 1 and the lower metal plate 2, while leaving inlet and outlet for fluid channels. This creates a closed PCM encapsulation cavity 6 between the outer sides of the inflated upper metal plate 1 and the lower metal plate 2 and the metal box 4, completely encapsulating the phase change material (PCM) to form a complete modular pillow-type phase change energy storage unit. The materials of the upper metal plate 1, the lower metal plate 2, and the rectangular metal box 4 can be stainless steel, aluminum alloy, or copper alloy to balance thermal conductivity and pressure resistance.

[0030] To achieve the optimal balance between structural strength and fluid disturbance, the welding points 8 connecting the upper metal plate 1 and the lower metal plate 2 are arranged in a periodic and regular pattern, specifically in a triangular, rectangular, or hexagonal arrangement, with a triangular arrangement being preferred. In terms of optimized geometric parameter design, this unit satisfies the following: the maximum bulge height of the upper metal plate 1 and the lower metal plate 2. h i The diameter is 8-15mm, preferably 11mm; the diameter of the welding point is 8. d The diameter is 10-18mm, preferably 14mm; the longitudinal spacing of the welding points 8 is 2. s L Subtract 8 diameter of the welding point d Horizontal spacing sT Subtract 8 diameter of the welding point d The pitch ratio is 0.5-1.5, preferably 1.0; the height H of the metal casing 4 encapsulating the PCM along the bulging direction is 16-20mm, preferably 18mm.

[0031] In addition, the modular pillow plate type phase change energy storage unit is flexible in its structural form. It can be constructed with a planar shape at the center, or it can be manufactured into a curved shape with a non-planar center by using a mold with a predetermined curvature in the blow molding process, or it can be adapted to a non-planar mounting surface by splicing.

[0032] The PCM filling the PCM encapsulation cavity 6 can be an organic PCM such as paraffin, fatty acids, or mixtures thereof, or an inorganic PCM such as hydrated salts or eutectic salts. The phase transition temperature range of the PCM can be determined according to... Application requirements range from 20℃ to 150℃, for example, 20℃-65℃ is preferred for building heating, and 5℃-20℃ is preferred for building cooling. To solve maintenance and material replacement problems, the metal housing 4 is specially provided with at least one injection hole 11 for injecting and / or replacing PCM and at least one discharge hole 12 for emptying PCM. These holes are equipped with corresponding removable sealing structures such as threaded sealing plugs or weldable heads. The injection hole 11 and the discharge hole 12 cooperate with each other, so that PCM can be extracted through the holes in its molten state and completely replaced with new PCM, which facilitates cavity cleaning and material upgrades.

[0033] The internal fluid channel 5 is connected to the fluid inlet 7a and fluid outlet 7b located on the unit. The interface positions can be flexibly configured: they can be located on a pair of opposite sides of the unit, on the same side of the unit, or diagonally opposite each other. When the fluid inlet 7a and fluid outlet 7b are located on opposite sides, they can be connected via a series-connected water collection pipe 9. Based on the aforementioned modular units that can be independently manufactured and combined, a phase change thermal / cold storage device can be constructed. This device includes inlet and outlet manifolds and at least two modular pillow-plate phase change energy storage units. The fluid inlet 7a and fluid outlet 7b of each unit are connected to the inlet and outlet manifolds, allowing the heat transfer fluid (heat source or cold source, including solar energy, geothermal energy, surface water, or groundwater) to flow through the internal fluid channel 5 of each unit and exchange heat with the PCM.

[0034] There are two main types of device assembly: the first is a flat-type energy storage device 13, in which at least two modular pillow-plate type phase change energy storage units are connected in series on the same plane and connected by the manifold. This type is suitable as a prefabricated component embedded in building envelope structures such as walls, roofs and floors. The second type is a stacked energy storage device 14, in which at least two modular pillow-plate type phase change energy storage units are stacked in a direction perpendicular to their plate surfaces. The fluid inlet 7a and fluid outlet 7b of each unit are directly welded to a common parallel external manifold plate 10 to form a compact cubic device, which is suitable for independent energy storage scenarios such as computer rooms, industrial plants or underground spaces.

[0035] Based on the above standardized units, different thermal / cold storage devices can be constructed.

[0036] Example 1: Flat-type energy storage device like Figure 4 As shown, two pipes with side fittings are used as follows: Figure 1 The aforementioned energy storage units are arranged in a straight line in the horizontal plane. The fluid inlet 7a and fluid outlet 7b of each unit are connected to a common manifold 9 via pipes, forming a series flow path. This constitutes a flat, tiled energy storage unit 13. This tiled energy storage unit 13 can be embedded into a building wall as a single module, serving as a prefabricated component for phase change energy storage walls suitable for prefabricated buildings. Figure 5 It can also be integrated into the building envelope, such as the ceiling or floor, for radiant heating / cooling, making it particularly suitable for near-zero energy buildings with high requirements for thermal performance and integration.

[0037] In addition, to adapt to the requirements of curved surface installation, the modular pillow plate type phase change energy storage unit can achieve fitting with the target contour in one of the following ways: First, in the blow molding process, a molding die with a predetermined curvature is used to constrain the metal plate, thereby directly manufacturing a unit with a curved shape; Second, multiple standard units are connected in non-coplanar directions through adjustable angle connectors to form a modular array that approximately fits the target curved surface.

[0038] Example 2: Stacked Energy Storage like Figure 6 As shown, at least two interconnected structures using integrated manifolds will be used. Figure 1The modular pillow-plate phase change energy storage units shown above are stacked vertically. During assembly, the fluid inlet 7a and fluid outlet 7b of each unit are directly aligned and welded to the corresponding interfaces on the common parallel external manifold 10 to form a robust and sealed flow channel connection. In this way, all units are structurally fixed and integrated into a compact cubic stacked energy storage device 14. This energy storage device can be installed as a whole in the equipment room and connected to an external heat / cold source system through the total inlet 7a and total outlet 7b provided on the external manifold 10.

[0039] This invention has the following significant advantages, which directly address and effectively alleviate the key challenges faced when applying PCM to building thermal / cold storage: Superior heat transfer performance overcomes the challenge of poor thermal conductivity: Through a one-time blow molding process, a large-area fluid channel 5 is formed between the upper metal plate 1 and the lower metal plate 2, directly contacting the PCM. The high thermal conductivity of the upper metal plate 1 and the lower metal plate 2 themselves, combined with the fluid turbulence caused by the welding point 8, constitutes a highly efficient three-dimensional heat transfer network, significantly improving the charge / discharge rate and power density, effectively overcoming the fundamental defect of low thermal conductivity of the PCM itself.

[0040] The robust integrated structure eliminates structural problems and compatibility risks: The unit uses metal (stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc.) as its skeleton, and the PCM is completely encapsulated within a cavity 6 consisting of an upper metal plate 1, a lower metal plate 2, and a metal casing 4. This design firstly distributes the load of the PCM evenly to the robust metal structure, avoiding additional burden on the building's load-bearing structure; secondly, the metal cavity 6 acts as a barrier, completely preventing direct contact between the PCM and other building materials, fundamentally avoiding chemical compatibility issues between materials, and preventing PCM leakage that could pollute the environment or affect health.

[0041] A groundbreaking maintainable design addresses core pain points regarding durability and cost-effectiveness: One of the core innovations of this patent is the unique sealable injection port 11. It allows for in-situ inspection, replenishment, or complete replacement in the event of PCM performance degradation, phase change failure, or accidental leakage. This means: 1. The lifespan of the energy storage unit is extended several times, breaking through the limitations of PCM material cycle life; 2. Initial investment is protected, avoiding the enormous waste of scrapping the entire expensive unit due to PCM failure; 3. The total lifecycle maintenance cost is reduced, and the system can adapt to future PCM material upgrades. This directly addresses economic concerns and long-term durability anxieties stemming from high initial costs.

[0042] Modular and highly scalable: The standardized unit design makes it a building block for both hot and cold batteries. It can be flexibly combined in parallel, series, flat, or stacked manner according to capacity and power requirements. The system design and expansion are extremely simple, perfectly matching the design concept of prefabricated and standardized functional modules in prefabricated buildings.

[0043] Flexible and adaptable interface: It provides a variety of fluid interface solutions, from simple side pipes to advanced series water manifolds 9 or parallel external manifolds 10, which can meet different needs from low-cost independent applications to high-end modular system integration, greatly expanding the application scenarios.

[0044] The application scenarios are highly flexible: the flat configuration 13 is suitable for buildings with limited space, and can be embedded in the building walls to achieve concealed heat / cold storage; the stacked configuration 14 is suitable for larger spaces such as equipment rooms and data centers, and can be used as a standalone device. Application scenarios cover near-zero energy and low-carbon residential buildings, commercial buildings, industrial cold storage facilities, factories, underground tunnels, subways, utility tunnels, stations, civil defense facilities, pumping stations, warehouses, hydroelectric power rooms, data center cooling, cold chain logistics, and energy-saving renovations and in-wall installations of existing buildings, providing effective technical support for various buildings to achieve dual control targets for energy consumption and carbon emissions.

[0045] With a wide range of applications, this technology supports energy conservation and low-carbon transformation in buildings. It is particularly suitable for near-zero energy buildings, low-carbon buildings, and energy-saving renovations of existing buildings. By efficiently storing and releasing renewable energy sources such as solar energy and geothermal energy, or utilizing off-peak electricity from the power grid, it can significantly improve the building's own energy regulation capabilities, reduce dependence on fossil fuels, and is an effective technical path for building a low-carbon building system.

[0046] Wide energy adaptability: This device can be efficiently coupled with various renewable energy sources or low-grade heat / cold sources such as solar collectors, geothermal systems, surface water / groundwater heat exchange systems, and chillers, making it suitable for energy / cooling needs under different regional and climatic conditions.

[0047] Good manufacturability: This structure can draw on the mature manufacturing process of pillow plate heat exchangers, and is formed in one step through fluid hydraulic expansion. This facilitates large-scale production and reduces manufacturing costs.

[0048] High strength and efficient heat transfer performance: The lattice-shaped welding points 8 not only provide support for the fluid channel 5, but also form strong internal reinforcing ribs, ensuring the structural integrity of the unit when subjected to internal pressure and external loads. At the same time, the presence of the welding points 8 promotes flow around the fluid channel 5, increasing the turbulence and disturbance of the heat transfer fluid, thereby enhancing the heat transfer performance.

[0049] The sequence numbers of the embodiments in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0050] In the above embodiments of this application, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0051] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for example, the division of units can be a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For instance, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the displayed or discussed mutual coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between units or modules may be electrical or other forms.

[0052] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

[0054] It should be understood that the above description is for illustrative purposes and not for limitation. Many embodiments and applications beyond the provided examples will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the above description. Therefore, the scope of this patent should not be determined by reference to the above description, but rather by reference to the foregoing claims and the full scope of their equivalents. For purposes of completeness, all articles and references, including patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference. The omission of any aspect of the subject matter disclosed herein in the foregoing claims is not intended as a waiver of that subject matter, nor should it be construed as an indication that the applicant has not considered that subject matter as part of the disclosed inventive subject matter.

Claims

1. A modular pillow-plate type phase change energy storage unit, characterized in that, It includes an upper metal plate (1), a lower metal plate (2), and a metal box (4); The upper metal plate (1) and the lower metal plate (2) are blown together and the peripheral areas of the upper metal plate (1) and the lower metal plate (2) are sealed together to form a peripheral sealing area (3). The area within the peripheral sealing area (3) is connected by welding points (8) distributed in a dot matrix. An internal fluid channel (5) is formed between the upper metal plate (1) and the lower metal plate (2). The metal enclosure (4) covers the upper metal plate (1) and the lower metal plate (2) along the perimeter sealing area (3); a closed PCM encapsulation cavity (6) is formed between the metal enclosure (4) and the outer surfaces of the upper metal plate (1) and the lower metal plate (2), and the PCM encapsulation cavity (6) is filled with phase change material; the internal fluid channel (5) is connected to the fluid inlet (7a) and the fluid outlet (7b).

2. The modular pillow-plate type phase change energy storage unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The welding points (8) are arranged in a triangular, rectangular or hexagonal pattern.

3. The modular pillow-plate type phase change energy storage unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal box (4) is provided with a filling hole (11) and a discharge hole (12), and the filling hole (11) and the discharge hole (12) are provided with a sealing structure.

4. The modular pillow-plate type phase change energy storage unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bulging height of the upper metal plate (1) and the lower metal plate (2) is 8-15mm, the diameter of the welding point (8) is 10-18mm, and the height of the metal box (4) along the bulging direction is 16-20mm.

5. The modular pillow-plate type phase change energy storage unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fluid inlet (7a) and fluid outlet (7b) are located on opposite sides, on the same side, or diagonally opposite sides of the metal housing (4).

6. The modular pillow-plate type phase change energy storage unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The center surfaces of the upper metal plate (1) and the lower metal plate (2) are either planes or curved surfaces.

7. The modular pillow-plate type phase change energy storage unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pitch ratio of the longitudinal spacing to the transverse spacing of adjacent welding points (8) is 0.5-1.

5.

8. The modular pillow-plate type phase change energy storage unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper metal plate (1), the lower metal plate (2) and the metal box (4) are made of stainless steel, aluminum alloy or copper alloy, and the phase change material in the PCM packaging cavity (6) is an organic phase change material or an inorganic phase change material.

9. A flat-type energy storage device, characterized in that, Includes multiple modular pillow-plate phase change energy storage units as described in any one of claims 1 to 7; Multiple modular pillow plate phase change energy storage units are arranged in the same plane; the fluid inlet (7a) and fluid outlet (7b) of each modular pillow plate phase change energy storage unit are connected in series through a water collection pipe (9).

10. A stacked energy storage device, characterized in that, Includes multiple modular pillow-plate phase change energy storage units as described in any one of claims 1 to 7; Multiple modular pillow-plate phase change energy storage units are stacked in a direction perpendicular to the plate surface; the fluid inlet (7a) and fluid outlet (7b) of each modular pillow-plate phase change energy storage unit are welded to the external manifold (10).

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