Precision control method combining two-dimensional reference line and three-dimensional reference point

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ship and ocean engineering construction, discloses a precision control method combining a two-dimensional datum line and a three-dimensional datum point, and solves the problems of datum splitting and deviation accumulation in the front and back production processes. Comprising the following steps: designing a whole ship two-dimensional reference line and a three-dimensional analysis reference point; in the jointed board scribing stage, a closed angle square and a two-dimensional datum line are surveyed; correcting the out-of-tolerance size of the jointed board according to the distance from the closed angle square to the board edge; the two-dimensional datum line is reversely marked and reserved; carrying out assembling and segmented manufacturing according to the two-dimensional datum line; measurement and analysis are carried out after segmented welding; correcting the structure out-of-tolerance according to the three-dimensional analysis result; assigning an involution line according to a three-dimensional analysis result; and the total combination is positioned by using a folding line. Through combination of the two-dimensional reference line and the three-dimensional reference point, systematic errors of conversion between the two-dimensional precision reference and the three-dimensional precision reference are reduced or even avoided from the design source, and continuity and unification of precision control references of all the ship building processes are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of shipbuilding and marine engineering construction technology, and particularly relates to a precision control method that combines two-dimensional reference lines and three-dimensional reference points. Background Technology

[0002] The baseline is a unified benchmark for controlling the external dimensions of products at all levels throughout the entire shipbuilding process, from panel assembly and marking to final assembly. With the development of digital industrial technology, 3D precision technology, which uses total stations for 3D measurement and combines 3D modeling with 3D analysis software for data analysis and processing, is increasingly being promoted and applied in the shipbuilding industry, bringing great convenience to production and construction.

[0003] Nowadays, more and more scenarios are beginning to use three-dimensional precision technology for measurement and analysis, assembly and positioning. Currently, the following problems exist in the actual construction process: (1) Traditional two-dimensional precision control methods have difficulty in directly controlling the geometric relationship of segments in three-dimensional space, and it is difficult to deal with the cumulative deviation or overall deformation caused by the early segment production, which will increase the risk of rework and adjustment when the final assembly is completed. (2) In the early application of three-dimensional technology, there is a problem of not being related to the two-dimensional benchmark and the data of the preceding and following processes being separated. (3) In the process of trying to use two-dimensional and three-dimensional technologies in combination, there is a problem of cumulative deviation caused by benchmark conversion.

[0004] The aforementioned limitations slow down the production pace of shipbuilding enterprises. In the modern shipbuilding environment that pursues high efficiency, precision, and complexity, the use of three-dimensional precision control methods has become an inevitable trend. However, the precision benchmarks under the three-dimensional control system, namely three-dimensional benchmark points and two-dimensional benchmark lines, differ in form. If these differences are not standardized and constrained in the early planning and control methods, it will lead to a disconnect between benchmarks in the preceding and following production processes, cumulative deviations, and poor transmission of precision data, which will also cause certain quality risks. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a precision control method that combines two-dimensional baselines and three-dimensional reference points, effectively solving the problems of baseline separation and cumulative deviation in the production process.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a precision control method combining two-dimensional baselines and three-dimensional reference points, including the following steps: Step 1, designing the two-dimensional baselines and three-dimensional analysis reference points for the entire ship.

[0007] The precision benchmark is designed in reverse order of assembly → general assembly → section → assembly. The corresponding benchmark lines and benchmark points can serve as a unified benchmark for controlling the hull structure in the three directions of length, width and height, and can ensure the unified requirements of precision control items. In principle, the benchmark points and benchmark lines are set in the same position.

[0008] Step 2, the panel marking stage: marking the closed angle ruler and two-dimensional baseline.

[0009] Step 3: Review and correct the final dimensions of the assembled panels.

[0010] Step 4: Reverse and retain the two-dimensional baseline.

[0011] Step 5: Assemble and manufacture sections according to the two-dimensional baseline.

[0012] Step 6: Post-weld measurement and analysis.

[0013] Step 7: Correct the structural deviations based on the 3D analysis results.

[0014] Step 8: Draw the alignment line based on the three-dimensional analysis results.

[0015] Step 9: Use the alignment line to position the assembly.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 2, after the main board assembly is completed, the reference edge is used as the starting edge for marking and a closed angle ruler is drawn. The reference end angle ruler line is used as the reference to draw a two-dimensional reference line, which serves as the two-dimensional reference line for subsequent component marking, assembly, and segmented manufacturing.

[0017] Furthermore, in step 2, the accuracy of the angle ruler is controlled to meet the following requirements: length and width deviation ±1mm, and diagonal deviation ±2mm.

[0018] Furthermore, in step 4, the two-dimensional baseline and the closed angle ruler are reversed onto the non-structural surface, and a 100 check line of the two-dimensional baseline is made. The two-dimensional baseline and its 100 check line are punched and protected.

[0019] Furthermore, in step 6, after the segment welding is completed, a total station is used to measure the segments, and three-dimensional analysis software is used to process and analyze the measurement data from the total station. By using a three-point movement method, the coordinates of the actual measured three-dimensional reference points are adjusted to the theoretical coordinates, and the segment construction deviations are analyzed in the ship's theoretical coordinate system.

[0020] Furthermore, in step 8, after the structural deviation correction, based on the analysis results of the 3D analysis software, the mating line is marked near the closure seam of the non-structural surface of the motherboard as the mating benchmark for subsequent assembly. A sample punch is made and protective measures are taken.

[0021] Furthermore, in step 8, the deviation between the mating line and the two-dimensional baseline is controlled to meet ±1mm, and the deviation between the mating lines at both ends is controlled to meet ±3mm.

[0022] Furthermore, in step 9, during the overall assembly and positioning process, the positioning is achieved by measuring and controlling the distance between adjacent segments on the merging line.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are: (1) The present invention realizes the combination of two-dimensional and three-dimensional precision control methods. It does not require the complete elimination of the existing two-dimensional process system and skilled workers. While retaining the high efficiency of two-dimensional scribing in planar operations, it introduces three-dimensional precision control in key links under the premise of unified two-dimensional and three-dimensional benchmarks, thus solving the difficulty of spatial relationship control in two-dimensional precision control.

[0024] (2) This invention realizes the combination of two-dimensional baselines and three-dimensional reference points, and realizes the smooth connection of data from the segment to the assembly stage, which is conducive to the overall control of structure and outfitting, and lays the foundation for the rapid positioning of the assembly.

[0025] (3) By combining two-dimensional reference lines and three-dimensional reference points, this invention reduces or even avoids systematic errors in the conversion between two-dimensional and three-dimensional precision references from the design source, thereby achieving continuity and uniformity of precision control references in various shipbuilding processes.

[0026] The precision control method of this invention achieves a cost balance between personnel and equipment, improves construction quality and efficiency, reduces the risk of rework and adjustments, saves production resources, and conforms to the trend of green shipbuilding and lean shipbuilding. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram combining two-dimensional baselines and three-dimensional reference points.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a diagram of a closed angle ruler with lines drawn.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the two-dimensional baseline delineation during the line marking stage.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the two-dimensional baseline reverse marking and the 100 inspection line marking.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the inner sole assembly.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the segmented manufacturing process of the insole.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the survey and delineation of the intersection line.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning of the application pairing line assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Example 1: A precision control method combining two-dimensional baselines and three-dimensional reference points, comprising the following steps: Step 1, designing the two-dimensional baselines and three-dimensional analysis reference points for the entire ship.

[0036] (1) The design principle of the precision reference is to follow the reverse process of assembly → general assembly → segmentation → assembly. The corresponding two-dimensional reference line and three-dimensional reference point should be able to serve as a unified reference for the control of most of the ship's hull structure in the three directions of length, width and height, and can ensure the unified requirements of the main precision control items.

[0037] (2) The design of the accuracy reference should also take into account the system use of outfitting and structure. The reference of outfitting and structure should be consistent in principle, and auxiliary references can be set according to specific needs.

[0038] (3) The design of the accuracy benchmark is selected in combination with the difficulty of accuracy control. The parts with high control difficulty are given high priority as accuracy benchmarks.

[0039] (4) In principle, the baseline should be set at a strong structural position on the side closest to the baseline section. The reference point should be set at the same position as the baseline as possible. Figure 1 As shown.

[0040] Step 2, the panel marking stage: marking the closed angle ruler and two-dimensional baseline.

[0041] (1) After the main board assembly is completed, use the reference edge as the starting edge for scribing and marking the closed angle ruler. Control the accuracy of the angle ruler to meet the length and width deviation of ±1mm and the diagonal deviation of ±2mm. Figure 2 As shown.

[0042] (2) Draw a two-dimensional baseline using the reference end angle ruler line as the reference, with a distance deviation of ±1mm, such as Figure 3 As shown.

[0043] Step 3: Review and correct the final dimensions of the assembled panels.

[0044] Verify that the main dimension deviation of the panels meets ±3mm; correct any panels that exceed this tolerance. The main dimension refers to the total length or width measured from one edge of a panel to the other.

[0045] Step 4: Reverse and retain the two-dimensional baseline.

[0046] Reverse the two-dimensional baseline and the closed square onto the non-structural surface, and draw a 100 check line for the two-dimensional baseline. Mark the center punch point, as shown. Figure 4 As shown. When conditions are not met, reverse marking should be done after the main board is mounted on the subsequent process, after the section is completed, or after the tire is removed.

[0047] Step 5: Assemble and manufacture sections according to the two-dimensional baseline.

[0048] (1) During the assembly and segmented manufacturing stage, components are installed based on the two-dimensional baseline of the main board. The key control items are the discontinuity of longitudinal and transverse components and the concentricity of the end of the main board.

[0049] (2) The following explanation is based on the example of the assembly and fabrication of the insole. Figure 5 As shown: First, using the two-dimensional baseline on the inner bottom as a reference, align and position the upper ribs to ensure the distance between the ribs in the ship's length direction and the two-dimensional baseline. Then, using the two-dimensional baseline on the inner bottom as a reference, align and position the upper longitudinal girders to ensure the distance between the longitudinal girders in the ship's breadth direction and the two-dimensional baseline.

[0050] (3) Taking the segmented manufacturing of the insole as an example, such as Figure 6 As shown: First, using the two-dimensional reference line on the outer bottom plate as a reference, align and position the inner bottom in the middle assembly, controlling the concentricity of the main plate ends in all directions. Then, using the two-dimensional reference line on the inner bottom plate as a reference, align and position the bulkhead in the middle assembly, ensuring the distance between its length direction and the two-dimensional reference line.

[0051] Step 6: Post-weld measurement and analysis.

[0052] (1) After the segmented welding is completed, the segments are measured using a total station according to the measurement form.

[0053] (2) Use three-dimensional analysis software to process and analyze the measurement data of the total station. By using three-point movement, adjust the coordinates of the actual measured three-dimensional reference points to the theoretical coordinates, and analyze the segment construction deviations in the ship's theoretical coordinate system.

[0054] Step 7: Correct the structural deviations based on the 3D analysis results.

[0055] (1) Based on the analysis results of the three-dimensional analysis software, adjust the locations where the structural measurements are out of tolerance.

[0056] (2) After adjustment, retest until the deviation requirement is met.

[0057] Step 8: Draw the alignment line based on the three-dimensional analysis results.

[0058] (1) After the segmented structure is corrected, based on the analysis results of the three-dimensional analysis software, the mating line is marked near the closure joint of the non-structural surface of the main board as the mating benchmark for subsequent assembly. A sample punch is then made and protective measures are implemented, such as... Figure 7 As shown.

[0059] (2) The deviation between the mating line and the two-dimensional baseline shall be ±1mm, and the deviation between the mating lines at both ends shall be ±3mm.

[0060] Step 9: The assembly is positioned using the alignment line. During the assembly positioning process, the distance between adjacent segments' alignment lines is measured and controlled for positioning, such as... Figure 8 As shown.

[0061] This invention effectively reduces the docking and assembly time. Based on a 5-day reduction in docking time: (1) Reduced riveting work time. Assuming a team of 10 people and a cost of 350 yuan per person per day, the savings over 3 days is 10,500 yuan. (2) The economic benefit of reducing docking time by 1 day is 33,852.4 yuan. The savings over 3 days is 101,557.2 yuan. The total savings per ship is 112,057.2 yuan.

[0062] This invention combines two-dimensional and three-dimensional precision control methods, balancing cost, quality, and efficiency in precision management. By integrating two-dimensional baselines and three-dimensional reference points, it achieves seamless data flow between different processes. The design incorporates comprehensive planning of both two-dimensional and three-dimensional baselines, employing a reverse-engineering approach—assembly → final assembly → segmentation → final assembly—to decompose the precision requirements of each stage of shipbuilding. Taking into account the management needs of the structure and outfitting components, it places the two-dimensional baselines and three-dimensional reference points in the same location as much as possible, reducing or even eliminating systematic errors in the conversion between two-dimensional and three-dimensional precision references from the outset.

[0063] This invention has been widely applied in 325,000-ton bauxite / ore carriers and various projects. It is generally applicable to the design, planning and production control of various types of ships in the future, meets the needs of the future shipbuilding industry, and has broad prospects.

[0064] Of course, the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the examples given above. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A precision control method combining two-dimensional reference lines and three-dimensional reference points, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Design the ship's two-dimensional baseline and three-dimensional analysis reference points; The precision benchmark is designed in reverse order of assembly → general assembly → section → assembly. The corresponding benchmark lines and benchmark points can serve as a unified benchmark for controlling the hull structure in the three directions of length, width and height, and can ensure the unified requirements of precision control items. In principle, the benchmark points and benchmark lines are set in the same position. Step 2: Marking and marking the closed angle ruler and two-dimensional baseline in the panel assembly stage; Step 3: Review and correct the final dimensions of the assembled panels; Step 4: Reverse and retain the two-dimensional baseline; Step 5: Assemble and manufacture sections according to the two-dimensional baseline; Step 6: Post-weld measurement and analysis in segments; Step 7: Correct structural deviations based on the 3D analysis results; Step 8: Delineate the alignment line based on the 3D analysis results; Step 9: Use the alignment line to position the assembly.

2. The accuracy control method combining two-dimensional reference lines and three-dimensional reference points according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, after the main board assembly is completed, the reference edge is used as the starting edge for marking and the closed angle ruler is marked. The reference end angle ruler line is used as the reference to mark the two-dimensional reference line, which serves as the two-dimensional reference line for subsequent component marking, assembly and segmentation.

3. The accuracy control method combining two-dimensional reference lines and three-dimensional reference points according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step 2, the accuracy of the angle ruler is controlled to meet the following requirements: length and width deviation ±1mm, and diagonal deviation ±2mm.

4. The accuracy control method combining two-dimensional reference lines and three-dimensional reference points according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step 4, the two-dimensional baseline and the closed square are reversed onto the non-structural surface, and a 100 check line of the two-dimensional baseline is made. The two-dimensional baseline and its 100 check line are punched and protected.

5. The accuracy control method combining two-dimensional reference lines and three-dimensional reference points according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step 6, after the segment welding is completed, a total station is used to measure the segment, and three-dimensional analysis software is used to process and analyze the measurement data of the total station. By using three-point movement, the coordinates of the actual measured three-dimensional reference points are adjusted to the theoretical coordinates, and the segment construction deviations are analyzed in the ship's theoretical coordinate system.

6. The accuracy control method combining two-dimensional reference lines and three-dimensional reference points according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step 8, after the structural deviation is corrected, based on the analysis results of the 3D analysis software, the mating line is marked near the joint of the non-structural surface of the motherboard as the mating benchmark for subsequent assembly. A sample punch is made and protective measures are taken.

7. The accuracy control method combining two-dimensional reference lines and three-dimensional reference points according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step 8, the deviation between the mating line and the two-dimensional baseline is controlled to meet ±1mm, and the deviation between the mating lines at both ends is controlled to meet ±3mm.

8. The accuracy control method combining two-dimensional reference lines and three-dimensional reference points according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step 9, during the overall assembly and positioning process, the positioning is achieved by measuring and controlling the distance between adjacent segments on the merging line.

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