Lake and reservoir three-dimensional form monitoring device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a lake and reservoir three-dimensional shape monitoring device and method.The lake and reservoir three-dimensional shape monitoring device comprises a bag body, a pressure detection part, an inclination angle detection part, a balance weight mechanism, a plurality of adjusting mechanisms and a drilling mechanism, the pressure detection part and the inclination angle detection part are both arranged in the bag body, and the pressure detection part is used for detecting the pressure value above the bag body; the inclination angle detection piece is used for detecting the inclination angle of the bag body; the counterweight mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the bag body, and the counterweight mechanism can adjust the counterweight of the bag body; the multiple adjusting mechanisms are arranged on the two sides of the bag body respectively, each adjusting mechanism is provided with a first rotating end rotating in the circumferential direction around the axis of the adjusting mechanism and a second rotating end rotating in the radial direction, and the second rotating ends are arranged at the first rotating ends; the drilling mechanism is arranged at the second rotating end of the adjusting mechanism and used for drilling a hole so that the capsule can be fixed to the bottom of water. According to the device, the reservoir filling thickness is calculated through pressure detection and water level change, the area and the volume of the lake reservoir can be effectively monitored in real time, and the reliability and the efficiency of lake reservoir monitoring are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lake and reservoir filling monitoring technology, and in particular to a three-dimensional morphological monitoring device and method for lakes and reservoirs. Background Technology

[0002] The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River have numerous lakes and reservoirs, covering a large area with long shorelines, making the three-dimensional management of their area and volume a challenging task. Encroachment on the three-dimensional space of lakes and reservoirs often occurs alongside the encroachment on their area. The natural siltation of lakes and reservoirs leads to a slow reduction in volume, which can easily mask the sudden risks of human encroachment. For example, illegal filling of reservoirs and shoreline development can rapidly compress lake and reservoir space, exacerbating flood risks and ecological degradation.

[0003] Currently, the control of spatial encroachment behaviors such as lake and reservoir reclamation, illegal filling of lakes and reservoirs, and water surface division mainly relies on remote sensing interpretation and four-level reservoir patrol supervision under the river and lake chief system. Remote sensing interpretation has a long cycle and can only monitor the water surface area and shoreline conditions of lakes and reservoirs, but cannot monitor the volume, let alone stop illegal activities in a timely manner. Reservoir patrol supervision is limited by manpower and equipment investment, making it difficult to achieve full coverage, and there are blind spots in the supervision of illegal underwater filling and lake-enclosed land reclamation, thus reducing the reliability and effectiveness of lake and reservoir monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a three-dimensional morphological monitoring device and method for lakes and reservoirs. By calculating the filling thickness through pressure detection and water level changes, the area and volume of lakes and reservoirs can be effectively monitored in real time, thereby improving the reliability and efficiency of lake and reservoir monitoring.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: Firstly, this invention provides a three-dimensional morphological monitoring device for lakes and reservoirs, comprising a capsule, a pressure detection element, an inclination detection element, a counterweight mechanism, multiple adjustment mechanisms, and a drilling mechanism. The inside of the capsule is hollow; Both the pressure detection device and the tilt detection device are installed inside the bladder, and the output terminals of the pressure detection device and the tilt detection device are electrically connected to the upper electromechanical unit. The pressure detection device is used to detect the pressure value above the bladder; the tilt detection device is used to detect the tilt angle of the bladder. The counterweight mechanism is located on the outside of the bladder, and the counterweight mechanism can be adjusted to keep the bladder at different water levels. Multiple adjustment mechanisms are disposed on both sides of the bladder body. Each adjustment mechanism has a first rotating end that rotates circumferentially around its axis and a second rotating end that rotates radially. The second rotating end is disposed on the first rotating end. The drilling mechanism is located on the second rotating end of the adjusting mechanism and is used to drill holes to fix the bladder to the bottom of the water.

[0006] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the shape of the bladder is that of a can, and both ends of the bladder are provided with connection sockets. A communication cable is provided between the two connection sockets. The output ends of the pressure detection device and the tilt detection device are electrically connected to the communication cable. The connection socket is electrically connected to the host computer through a connection line, and the connection socket and the connection line are sealed together.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, preferably, the number of the capsules is multiple, and the multiple capsules are distributed on the shore of the lake or reservoir. The multiple capsules are evenly arranged in a direction parallel to the terrain elevation line, and the multiple capsules are connected to adjacent connecting sockets in sequence through connecting lines. The outer side of the connecting socket on the first end side is electrically connected to the upper electromechanical unit; the outer side of the connecting socket on the last end side is fixedly connected to a sealing cap.

[0008] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the top of the capsule is provided with an opening, and a flexible diaphragm is provided inside the opening; and a pressure transmission chamber is provided inside the capsule, which is filled with silicone oil, and the two sides of the pressure transmission chamber are located between the flexible diaphragm and the sensing surface of the pressure detection element, and the three are sealed and fixedly connected to each other, for transmitting the external pressure value to the pressure detection element.

[0009] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the counterweight mechanism includes a ballast pump, a liquid inlet pipeline, an air compressor pump, an air inlet pipeline, a gas cylinder, a vent valve, and a liquid discharge pipeline, wherein, The capsule contains a ballast chamber, which is arranged around the outside of the capsule. The ballast pump is installed inside the bladder, and the inlet end of the ballast pump is connected to one end of the inlet pipeline, the outlet end of the ballast pump is connected to the ballast chamber, and the other end of the inlet pipeline is connected to the outside. The air compressor pump, gas cylinder, and vent valve are all located inside the bladder. The air compressor pump's inlet is connected to one end of the inlet pipe, the air compressor pump's outlet is connected to the gas cylinder's inlet, the gas cylinder's outlet is connected to one end of the vent valve, the vent valve's other end is connected to the ballast pump, and the other end of the inlet pipe is connected to the outside. The drain pipe is connected to the inside of the ballast chamber and is used to drain ballast water.

[0010] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, multiple adjustment mechanisms are evenly and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the capsule, and the distance between two adjacent adjustment mechanisms on the same side is greater than the length of the drilling mechanism.

[0011] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, each of the plurality of adjustment mechanisms includes a first driving component, a connecting seat, and a second driving component. The first driving component is fixed inside the bladder, and the output shaft passes through and extends to the outside of the bladder, with the axis of the output shaft perpendicular to the direction of the plumb bob. The connecting seat is fixed on the output shaft of the first drive component; The second driving component is fixed to the side of the connecting seat, and the output shaft of the second driving component is perpendicular to the output shaft of the first driving component.

[0012] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the drilling mechanism includes a telescopic component, a third driving component, and a drill head, wherein the telescopic component is fixed on the output shaft of the second driving component; the third driving component is fixed on the telescopic end of the telescopic component; the drill head is fixed on the output shaft of the third driving component, and the telescopic component pushes the second driving component to drive the drill head to rotate for drilling holes.

[0013] Based on the above technical solutions, the preferred embodiment also includes a spatial positioning probe and a water level measuring instrument, wherein... A spatial positioning probe is installed inside the capsule to obtain the current position of the capsule. The output end of the spatial positioning probe is electrically connected to the communication cable to upload the signal to the host computer. The water level measuring instrument is set in the lake or reservoir water, and its output is electrically connected to the host computer to obtain the water level height in real time.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for monitoring the three-dimensional morphology of lakes and reservoirs, which is implemented using a three-dimensional morphology monitoring device for lakes and reservoirs, and includes the following steps: S1. Multiple monitoring devices are deployed in series along the shoreline of the lake and reservoir, and are arranged parallel to the water level contour lines. The monitoring devices are located using spatial positioning probes. S2, ballast water is loaded through the counterweight mechanism to make the bladder sink to the bottom of the water, and the tilt angle of the bladder is obtained by the tilt angle detection device. The tilt angle of the drilling mechanism is adjusted by the adjustment mechanism to fine-tune the position of the bladder. S3, a hole is drilled in the lakebed using a drilling mechanism to fix the position of the capsule; S4. The pressure value at the current position of the bladder is collected in real time by the pressure detection device, and the water level value change is collected in real time by the water level measuring instrument. The filling thickness is calculated based on the pressure value at the current position of the bladder and the water level value change. S5: Preset filling alarm threshold and duration threshold. When the filling thickness is greater than the filling alarm threshold, the change duration is recorded. When the change duration is greater than the duration threshold, an alarm is triggered; otherwise, no alarm is triggered.

[0015] Based on the above technical solution, preferably, in step S, the filling thickness is calculated according to the pressure and water level changes at the current position of the reservoir, expressed as: ; In the formula, P 填后 This represents the pressure value after the lake was filled in.P 初 The initial pressure value after the monitoring device is deployed; △ h This represents the change in water level. ρ 水 The density of the lake / reservoir water; ρ 填 This refers to the wet density of the slag at the bottom of the reservoir after filling.

[0016] The three-dimensional morphology monitoring device and method of the present invention have the following advantages over the prior art: (1) Through the coordinated operation of the drilling mechanism and the adjustment mechanism, the monitoring device is actively anchored and precisely leveled in the complex lake bottom topography, avoiding tilting and displacement of the device during placement, ensuring the accuracy of depth data acquisition. At the same time, by calculating the filling thickness through pressure detection and water level changes, it provides real-time and reliable data support for the three-dimensional morphology monitoring of lakes and reservoirs, improving the reliability and efficiency of lake and reservoir monitoring. (2) By deploying multiple capsules at equal intervals along the water level to form a monitoring chain, data coverage of multiple height layers on complex shorelines can be achieved, improving the comprehensiveness of morphological monitoring; and the modular cascade design facilitates the flexible expansion and rapid maintenance of the monitoring device, improving the adaptability and accuracy of the monitoring device. (3) The counterweight mechanism can be set to adjust the counterweight of the bladder, so that the bladder can be at different water heights. During installation, the weight of the bladder can be increased to sink to the bottom of the water for leveling and fixing, which makes the bottom drilling mechanism work more stably. During maintenance, the weight of the corresponding bladder can be reduced to make the bladder float on the water surface, thereby improving maintenance efficiency. (4) By combining pressure and water level dynamic monitoring to accurately calculate the changes in reservoir filling thickness, a dual-threshold early warning mechanism is adopted to effectively identify illegal reservoir filling behavior. This is applicable to all-weather supervision of remote lakes and reservoirs, and improves the real-time perception of changes in lake and reservoir morphology and the efficiency of law enforcement response. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural cross-sectional view of the lake and reservoir three-dimensional morphology monitoring device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the lake and reservoir three-dimensional morphology monitoring device of the present invention; Figure 3 The three-dimensional morphology monitoring device for lakes and reservoirs of the present invention Figure 2Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the installation and use of the lake and reservoir three-dimensional morphology monitoring device of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of multiple bays in a lake / reservoir for the three-dimensional morphology monitoring device of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the lake and reservoir three-dimensional morphology monitoring method of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure early warning information processing method for the three-dimensional morphology monitoring method of lakes and reservoirs according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the present invention provides a three-dimensional morphological monitoring device for lakes and reservoirs, including a capsule 1, a pressure detection element 2, an inclination detection element 3, a counterweight mechanism 4, multiple adjustment mechanisms 5, and a drilling mechanism 6.

[0021] Among them, the capsule 1 is a water-proof pressure-transmitting capsule, and the inside of the capsule 1 is hollow. The capsule 1 is made of high-strength corrosion-resistant polyurethane composite material, which can resist lake water erosion, mechanical wear and biofouling, and ensure long-term underwater stability.

[0022] Both the pressure detection element 2 and the tilt detection element 3 are installed inside the bladder body 1, and the output ends of the pressure detection element 2 and the tilt detection element 3 are electrically connected to the upper electromechanical unit. The pressure detection element 2 is used to detect the pressure value above the bladder body 1, and the tilt detection element 3 is used to detect the tilt angle of the bladder body 1.

[0023] In addition, the top of the capsule 1 has an opening 100, and a flexible diaphragm 101 is provided inside the opening 100; and the inside of the capsule 1 is provided with a pressure transmission chamber 102, which is filled with silicone oil, and the two sides of the pressure transmission chamber 102 are located between the flexible diaphragm 101 and the sensing surface of the pressure detection element 2, and the three are sealed and fixedly connected; when the external water pressure increases, the flexible diaphragm 101 undergoes a slight inward deformation, squeezing the silicone oil in the pressure transmission chamber 102. Since the silicone oil is incompressible, this pressure change is transmitted instantaneously and without loss to the sensing diaphragm of the pressure detection element 2. The pressure detection element 2 detects the pressure on its internal sensing diaphragm and converts it into a standard electrical signal output, the value of which is equal to the total external pressure value.

[0024] It should be noted that the pressure detection component 2 detects the pressure value above the bladder 1 in real time. Since liquid pressure is related to depth, the depth information of the bladder 1 can be indirectly obtained by measuring the pressure value, providing key support for the depth dimension data collection of the three-dimensional morphology of the lake and reservoir. The tilt detection component 3 is used to detect the tilt angle of the bladder 1. In the complex water flow environment of the lake and reservoir, the bladder 1 may tilt during installation. The tilt detection component 3 can detect the tilt state and obtain the water flow conditions at the location of the bladder 1 and the influence of the topographic undulations at the bottom of the lake and reservoir on the attitude of the bladder 1.

[0025] The counterweight mechanism 4 is located on the outside of the bladder body 1, and the counterweight mechanism 4 can adjust the counterweight of the bladder body 1 so that the bladder body 1 is at different water surface heights. It should be noted that the counterweight mechanism 4 can adjust the counterweight of the bladder 1, allowing the bladder 1 to be at different water surface heights. During installation, the weight of the bladder 1 can be increased to allow it to sink quickly to the bottom for leveling and fixing, making the bottom drilling mechanism 6 work more stably. During maintenance, the weight of the bladder 1 can be reduced to allow it to float on the water surface, improving maintenance efficiency.

[0026] Multiple adjustment mechanisms 5 are disposed on both sides of the bladder body 1. Each adjustment mechanism 5 has a first rotating end that rotates circumferentially around its axis and a second rotating end that rotates radially. The second rotating end is disposed on the first rotating end. It should be noted that multiple adjustment mechanisms 5 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the capsule 1. Each adjustment mechanism 5 has a multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment capability. The first rotating end can rotate circumferentially around its axis, and the second rotating end is set on the first rotating end and can rotate radially. The flexible rotating structure provides great convenience for the positioning of the drilling mechanism, allowing the drilling mechanism to be adjusted in three-dimensional space to ensure that holes can be drilled in the appropriate position and the capsule 1 can be firmly fixed at the bottom of the water.

[0027] The drilling mechanism 6 is located on the second rotating end of the adjusting mechanism 5 and is used to drill holes to fix the bladder 1 at the bottom of the water.

[0028] It should be noted that by fixing the capsule 1 to the bottom of the water, the stability of the capsule 1 during the monitoring process is ensured, and the position of the capsule 1 is avoided due to factors such as water flow, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the pressure detection and tilt angle detection data.

[0029] In this embodiment, the coordinated operation of the adjustment mechanism 5 and the drilling mechanism 6 enables the monitoring device to be actively anchored and precisely leveled in complex lakebed topography. This effectively avoids the swaying and positional shift of the device caused by factors such as water flow impact, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the data collected by the pressure detection element 2 and the tilt detection element 3. This provides a reliable basis for subsequent data analysis and lake morphology assessment. The dual-rotation end design of the adjustment mechanism 5 enables the drilling mechanism to be precisely positioned, allowing the device to cope with the complex and ever-changing topography and water flow environment of the lake and reservoir, and to work stably and acquire effective data under different positions and conditions.

[0030] In addition, by integrating pressure detection and tilt angle detection, the interference of water level fluctuations can be effectively eliminated, and the filling thickness can be calculated. It has the ability to perceive the changes in shoreline and lake bottom pressure caused by lake filling in real time, which makes up for the deficiencies in lake and reservoir morphology supervision caused by the lag in remote sensing interpretation and the inability to take into account the time and space of on-site inspections in the management of lake and reservoir area and volume by water administrative departments, and improves the efficiency of lake and reservoir morphology supervision.

[0031] In this embodiment, the capsule 1 is shaped like a can, and both ends of the capsule 1 are provided with connection sockets 7. A communication cable 8 is provided between the two connection sockets 7. The output ends of the pressure detection element 2 and the tilt detection element 3 are electrically connected to the communication cable 8. The connection socket 7 is electrically connected to the host computer through the connection line, and the connection socket 7 and the connection line are sealed together.

[0032] In this embodiment, there are multiple capsules 1, which are distributed on the shore of the lake or reservoir. The multiple capsules 1 are evenly arranged in a direction parallel to the terrain elevation line. The multiple capsules 1 are connected to adjacent connecting sockets 7 in sequence through connecting lines. The outer side of the connecting socket 7 at the first end is electrically connected to the upper electromechanical unit. The outer side of the connecting socket 7 at the last end is fixedly connected to the sealing cap 9.

[0033] It should be noted that due to the complex and varied topography of lake and reservoir shorelines, the amount of water level changes, topographic undulations, and the impact of human activities vary at different locations. Multiple capsules, evenly spaced along the water level line, can comprehensively monitor the lake and reservoir shorelines from different height levels, obtaining richer three-dimensional morphological information. During the rise or fall of the lake and reservoir water level, capsules at different elevations can record the pressure and tilt changes at corresponding locations, thus accurately reflecting the impact of water level changes on the morphology of the lake and reservoir shorelines.

[0034] Furthermore, multiple capsules 1 arranged at equal intervals can form a monitoring network. A single capsule 1 may be affected by local environmental factors, leading to deviations in the detection data. However, the data from multiple capsules 1 can be cross-referenced, effectively eliminating abnormal data and improving the accuracy and reliability of the overall monitoring data. The topography of lake and reservoir shores is often irregular, with variations such as convexities and depressions. Arranging capsules along the water level elevation line allows the capsules to better adapt to this complex terrain, ensuring that each capsule is in a relatively suitable position for monitoring. Regardless of the terrain's undulations, data collection can be guaranteed from capsules at different heights, thus more realistically reflecting the three-dimensional morphology of the lake and reservoir shore.

[0035] The connecting lines and connectors 7 act as a bridge for data transmission. Data collected by the pressure sensors 2 and tilt sensors 3 within each capsule 1 is transmitted via the connecting lines to adjacent connectors 7, and then sequentially, ultimately converging at the connector 7 located at the first end. The connector 7 at the first end is electrically connected to the host computer, transmitting all data from the capsules 1 to the host computer for centralized processing and analysis. This ensures efficient and orderly data transmission, avoiding data confusion and loss, and improving data processing efficiency. Furthermore, this sequential connection method simplifies the process when increasing or decreasing the number of capsules 1; simply add or remove capsules 1 at appropriate locations and connect the connecting lines and connectors 7 accordingly, without significantly impacting the operation of the entire monitoring system. Simultaneously, during maintenance, individual capsules 1 or connecting lines can be easily inspected and repaired without requiring large-scale disassembly of the entire system, reducing maintenance costs and complexity.

[0036] The sealing cap 9 is fixedly connected to the outside of the connection socket 7 located at the end side. Its main function is to protect the connection socket 7. The sealing cap 9 can isolate and seal, ensuring the stability and reliability of the entire monitoring system.

[0037] In this embodiment, the counterweight mechanism 4 includes a ballast pump 41, a liquid inlet pipe 42, an air compressor pump 43, an air inlet pipe 44, a gas cylinder 45, a vent valve 46, and a liquid outlet pipe 47. The bladder body 1 has a ballast chamber 400, which is arranged around the outside of the bladder body 1. The ballast pump 41 is located inside the bladder body 1, with its inlet end connected to one end of the liquid inlet pipe 42, its outlet end connected to the ballast chamber 400, and the other end of the liquid inlet pipe 42 connected to the outside. The air compressor pump 43, the gas cylinder 45, and the vent valve 46 are all located inside the bladder body 1. The air inlet of the air compressor pump 43 is connected to one end of the air inlet pipe 44, the air outlet of the air compressor pump 43 is connected to the air inlet of the gas cylinder 45, the air outlet of the gas cylinder 45 is connected to one end of the vent valve 46, the other end of the vent valve 46 is connected to the ballast pump 41, and the other end of the air inlet pipe 44 is connected to the outside. The drain pipe 47 is connected to the inside of the ballast chamber 400 and is used for ballast water discharge.

[0038] It should be noted that when it is necessary to increase the weight of the ballast tank 1 to achieve the sinking operation, the ballast pump 41 is started. The ballast pump 41 draws liquid from the lake / reservoir through the liquid inlet pipe 42 and delivers it into the ballast chamber 400. As the amount of liquid in the ballast chamber 400 increases, the overall weight of the ballast tank 1 gradually increases, thus sinking to the designated depth under the action of gravity to meet the monitoring needs of different depth levels in the lake / reservoir. When it is necessary to reduce the weight of the ballast tank 1 to achieve the floating operation, the vent valve 46 is opened first. At this time, the high-pressure air stored in the gas cylinder 45 enters the ballast pump 41 through the vent valve 46. The function of the high-pressure air is to change the internal working environment of the ballast pump 41, so that it generates a reverse force, which discharges the ballast water in the ballast chamber 400 to the outside of the ballast tank 1 through the liquid outlet pipe 47. As the ballast water is continuously discharged, the weight of the ballast tank 1 gradually decreases, and it floats to the appropriate position under the action of buoyancy.

[0039] In addition, through the coordinated operation of the ballast pump 41 and the vent valve 46, the inflow and outflow of ballast water can be precisely controlled, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the weight of the bladder 1. This allows the bladder 1 to accurately remain at a specified depth in the lake or reservoir, improving the accuracy and reliability of monitoring data. The ballast chamber 400 is arranged around the outside of the bladder 1, ensuring the stability of the center of gravity of the bladder 1 during the process of increasing or decreasing its weight, effectively avoiding the problem of the bladder 1 tilting or overturning due to the shift of the center of gravity.

[0040] Furthermore, the top end of the air inlet pipe 44 extends through and to the top of the bladder 1, and a valve is provided at the top end of the air inlet pipe 44. When the bladder 1 is below the liquid level, the valve is controlled to close the air inlet pipe 44. When the bladder 1 is above the liquid level, the valve is controlled to open the air inlet pipe 44, and the air is compressed by the air compressor pump 43 to replenish the air in the air cylinder 45.

[0041] In this embodiment, multiple adjustment mechanisms 5 are evenly and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the capsule 1, and the distance between two adjacent adjustment mechanisms 5 on the same side is greater than the length of the drilling mechanism 6.

[0042] It should be noted that symmetrically distributing multiple adjustment mechanisms 5 on both sides of the capsule 1 ensures a more balanced distribution of adjustment forces in all directions. This balanced force effectively counteracts interference from external unstable factors, preventing the capsule 1 from tilting, swaying, or even flipping, thus ensuring the entire monitoring device maintains a stable working posture in the lake / reservoir and improving the accuracy and reliability of monitoring data. The distance between two adjacent adjustment mechanisms 5 on the same side is greater than the length of the drilling mechanism 6, providing ample operating space for the drilling mechanism 6. When the drilling mechanism 6 is working, whether drilling vertically downwards or making adjustments at other angles, it will not be obstructed by adjacent adjustment mechanisms 5, enabling it to complete various tasks smoothly and ensuring the smooth progress of monitoring work.

[0043] In this embodiment, each of the multiple adjustment mechanisms 5 includes a first driving member 51, a connecting seat 52, and a second driving member 53. The first driving member 51 is fixed inside the bladder 1, and its output shaft passes through and extends to the outside of the bladder 1, with the axis of the output shaft perpendicular to the direction of the plumb bob. The connecting seat 52 is fixed on the output shaft of the first driving member 51. The second driving member 53 is fixed on the side of the connecting seat 52, and the output shaft of the second driving member 53 is perpendicular to the output shaft of the first driving member 51.

[0044] It should be noted that when it is necessary to adjust the position or attitude of the device in the horizontal plane, the first drive member 51 starts to work, and its output shaft rotates, driving the connecting seat 52 fixed on the output shaft and the second drive member 53 connected to the connecting seat 52 to rotate together in the horizontal plane. By controlling the rotation direction and angle of the first drive member 51, the horizontal position of the device in the lake or reservoir can be adjusted. When the device needs to adjust the tilt angle to adapt to the lake bottom topography or maintain a specific monitoring attitude, the second drive member 53 can drive the relevant components to move in a direction parallel to the output shaft of the first drive member 51. This works in conjunction with the horizontal driving force generated by the first drive member 51 to make the device tilt or twist, thereby achieving attitude adjustment in the vertical direction.

[0045] In this embodiment, the first driving component 51 and the second driving component 53 are independently controlled and work together through the connecting seat 52, so that the adjustment mechanism 5 has extremely high adjustment accuracy. It can fine-tune the attitude and position of the device according to the subtle changes in the lake and reservoir environment and the precise requirements of the monitoring task to ensure that the device is always in the best working state, thereby obtaining more accurate and detailed monitoring data and improving the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring data.

[0046] In this embodiment, the drilling mechanism 6 includes a telescopic member 61, a third driving member 62, and a drill head 63. The telescopic member 61 is fixed on the output shaft of the second driving member 62; the third driving member 62 is fixed on the telescopic end of the telescopic member 61; and the drill head 63 is fixed on the output shaft of the third driving member 62. The telescopic member 61 pushes the second driving member 62 to drive the drill head 63 to rotate and drill a hole. It should be noted that the telescopic component 61 adopts a hydraulic or electric telescopic structure, which can be extended or shortened in the vertical direction according to actual working needs. When drilling holes of different depths, the drilling depth of the drill head 63 can be precisely adjusted by controlling the extension length of the telescopic component 61, ensuring the accuracy and flexibility of drilling operations. The drill bit 63 is fixed to the output shaft of the third drive component 62 and is connected to the output shaft by a secure connection such as a key or threaded connection, ensuring that it can fully receive the rotational power transmitted by the third drive component 62 during drilling without slippage or loosening. The structural design of the drill bit 63 varies depending on the drilling purpose and the geological conditions of the lake bottom. The drill bit 63 is preferably a twist drill bit. Twist drill bits are suitable for rapid drilling in softer sediments, and their spiral structure can promptly remove the debris generated during drilling. The drill bit 63 is usually made of high-strength, high-hardness alloy materials, such as cemented carbide or diamond, to improve its wear resistance and impact resistance, ensuring stable operation for a long time in complex lake bottom environments.

[0047] Before drilling, the drilling mechanism 6 is first moved to the target drilling position by the adjusting mechanism 5. Then, the telescopic member 61 starts to work, and its telescopic end slowly extends, pushing the third drive member 62 and the drill head 63 downward, so that the drill head 63 gradually approaches the lake bottom surface. When the drill head 63 contacts the lake bottom surface, the third drive member 62 starts, and its output shaft starts to rotate, driving the drill head 63 to rotate together. At the same time, the telescopic member 61 continues to extend at an appropriate speed, applying downward pressure to the drill head 63, so that the drill head 63 continues to drill downward while rotating. When the drilling reaches the predetermined depth, the telescopic member 61 stops extending, and the third drive member 62 also stops rotating, completing the fixation of the position of the capsule 1.

[0048] This embodiment also includes a spatial positioning probe 10 and a water level measuring instrument 11. The spatial positioning probe 10 is installed inside the capsule 1 to obtain the current position of the capsule 1. The output end of the spatial positioning probe 10 is electrically connected to the communication cable 8 to upload the signal to the host computer. The water level measuring instrument 11 is installed in the lake or reservoir water, and the output end of the water level measuring instrument 11 is electrically connected to the host computer to obtain the water level height in real time.

[0049] It should be noted that the spatial positioning probe 10 uses GPS or BeiDou satellite navigation system positioning technology; the spatial positioning probe 10 is set inside the capsule 1; it can obtain the accurate location information of the capsule 1 in real time, so as to obtain the specific location of the monitored anomaly and the installation point; the water level measuring instrument 11 is set in the lake water, and its specific installation location will be selected according to the monitoring needs and the topographic characteristics of the lake and reservoir. The output end of the water level measuring instrument 11 is directly electrically connected to the host computer, which improves the real-time performance and accuracy of data transmission, and ensures that the host computer can obtain the water level change information of the lake and reservoir in a timely manner; providing data support for the subsequent calculation of the filling thickness.

[0050] like Figure 6-7 As shown, in a second aspect, the present invention also provides a method for monitoring the three-dimensional morphology of lakes and reservoirs, implemented using a three-dimensional morphology monitoring device for lakes and reservoirs, comprising the following steps: S1. Multiple monitoring devices are deployed in series along the shoreline of the lake and reservoir, and are arranged parallel to the water level contour lines. The monitoring devices are positioned according to the spatial positioning probe 10. S2, Ballast water is loaded through the counterweight mechanism 4 to make the bladder 1 sink to the bottom of the water, and the tilt angle of the bladder 1 is obtained by the tilt angle detection device 3. The tilt angle of the drilling mechanism 6 is adjusted by the adjustment mechanism 5 to fine-tune the position of the bladder 1. S3, Drill holes in the lakebed using the drilling mechanism 6 to fix the position of the capsule 1; S4, the pressure value at the current position of the bladder 1 is collected in real time by the pressure detection device 2, and the water level value change is collected in real time by the water level measuring instrument 11. The filling thickness is calculated based on the pressure value at the current position of the bladder 1 and the water level value change. S5: Preset filling alarm threshold and duration threshold. When the filling thickness is greater than the filling alarm threshold, the change duration is recorded. When the change duration is greater than the duration threshold, an alarm is triggered; otherwise, no alarm is triggered.

[0051] Based on the above technical solution, preferably, in step S4, the filling thickness is calculated according to the pressure and water level changes at the current position of the bladder 1, expressed as: ; In the formula, P 填后 This represents the pressure value after the lake was filled in. P 初 The initial pressure value after the monitoring device is deployed; △ h This represents the change in water level. ρ 水 The density of the lake / reservoir water; ρ 填 This refers to the wet density of the slag at the bottom of the reservoir after filling.

[0052] It should be noted that, firstly, multiple monitoring devices are linked together to form a monitoring chain, with multiple chains laid out parallel to the contour lines; a water level measuring instrument 11 is installed and connected to the early warning system; after installation, the position and depth of each monitoring device are recorded; the water level measuring instrument 11 continuously records water level information; when the water level rises, the pressure of the pressure sensor 2 increases, displaying an increased pressure value; when the water level falls, the pressure decreases, displaying a decreased pressure value; when illegal activities such as filling the reservoir create a thick soil layer, the pressure increases, displaying an increased pressure value; the system continuously calculates the filling thickness based on hydrological changes; when filling activities are present, the displayed pressure value increases suddenly within a short period of time, and after the increase and the pressure value stabilizes, an early warning is issued; the competent authorities and law enforcement departments conduct on-site inspections and take action. Deploying this monitoring device in multiple remote bays of lakes and reservoirs can prevent illegal filling activities caused by insufficient personnel and patrol efforts, which cannot be monitored around the clock.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional morphological monitoring device for lakes and reservoirs, characterized in that: It includes a bladder (1), a pressure detection device (2), an inclination detection device (3), a counterweight mechanism (4), multiple adjustment mechanisms (5), and a drilling mechanism (6). The capsule (1) is hollow inside; The pressure detection element (2) and the tilt detection element (3) are both installed inside the bladder (1), and the output ends of the pressure detection element (2) and the tilt detection element (3) are electrically connected to the upper electromechanical unit. The pressure detection element (2) is used to detect the pressure value above the bladder (1); the tilt detection element (3) is used to detect the tilt angle of the bladder (1). The counterweight mechanism (4) is located on the outside of the bladder (1), and the counterweight mechanism (4) can adjust the counterweight of the bladder (1) so that the bladder (1) is at different water surface heights; Multiple adjustment mechanisms (5) are disposed on both sides of the bladder (1). Each adjustment mechanism (5) has a first rotating end that rotates circumferentially around its axis and a second rotating end that rotates radially. The second rotating end is disposed on the first rotating end. The drilling mechanism (6) is set on the second rotating end of the adjusting mechanism (5) and is used to drill holes to fix the bladder (1) at the bottom of the water.

2. The three-dimensional morphological monitoring device for lakes and reservoirs as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The capsule (1) is shaped like a can, and both ends of the capsule (1) are provided with connection sockets (7). A communication cable (8) is provided between the two connection sockets (7). The output ends of the pressure detection element (2) and the tilt detection element (3) are electrically connected to the communication cable (8). The connection socket (7) is electrically connected to the host computer through the connection line, and the connection socket (7) is sealed to the connection line.

3. The three-dimensional morphological monitoring device for lakes and reservoirs as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The number of capsules (1) is multiple, and multiple capsules (1) are distributed on the shore of the lake and reservoir. Multiple capsules (1) are evenly arranged in a direction parallel to the terrain elevation line. Multiple capsules (1) are connected to adjacent connecting sockets (7) in sequence through connecting lines. The outer side of the connecting socket (7) located at the first end is electrically connected to the upper electromechanical unit. The outer side of the connecting socket (7) located at the end end is fixedly connected to the sealing cap (9).

4. The lake / reservoir three-dimensional morphology monitoring device as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the capsule (1) has an opening (100), and a flexible diaphragm (101) is provided inside the opening (100); and the inside of the capsule (1) is provided with a pressure transmission chamber (102), which is filled with silicone oil. The two sides of the pressure transmission chamber (102) are located between the flexible diaphragm (101) and the sensing surface of the pressure detection element (2), and the three are sealed and fixedly connected to each other, so as to transmit the external pressure value to the pressure detection element (2).

5. The three-dimensional morphological monitoring device for lakes and reservoirs as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The counterweight mechanism (4) includes a ballast pump (41), a liquid inlet pipe (42), an air compressor pump (43), an air inlet pipe (44), a gas cylinder (45), a vent valve (46), and a liquid discharge pipe (47), wherein, The capsule (1) is provided with a ballast cavity (400), and the ballast cavity (400) is arranged around the outside of the capsule (1); The ballast pump (41) is installed inside the bladder (1), and the inlet end of the ballast pump (41) is connected to one end of the inlet pipe (42), the outlet end of the ballast pump (41) is connected to the ballast chamber (400), and the other end of the inlet pipe (42) is connected to the outside. The air compressor pump (43), the gas cylinder (45) and the ventilation valve (46) are all installed inside the bladder (1). The air inlet of the air compressor pump (43) is connected to one end of the air inlet pipe (44), the air outlet of the air compressor pump (43) is connected to the air inlet of the gas cylinder (45), the air outlet of the gas cylinder (45) is connected to one end of the ventilation valve (46), the other end of the ventilation valve (46) is connected to the ballast pump (41), and the other end of the air inlet pipe (44) is connected to the outside. The drain pipe (47) is connected to the inside of the ballast chamber (400) for draining ballast water.

6. The three-dimensional morphological monitoring device for lakes and reservoirs as described in claim 5, characterized in that: Each of the multiple adjustment mechanisms (5) includes a first drive member (51), a connecting seat (52), and a second drive member (53). The first drive unit (51) is fixed inside the bladder (1), and the output shaft passes through and extends to the outside of the bladder (1), and the axis of the output shaft is set perpendicular to the direction of the plumb bob. The connecting seat (52) is fixed on the output shaft of the first driving member (51); The second drive member (53) is fixed to the side of the connecting seat (52), and the output shaft of the second drive member (53) is perpendicular to the output shaft of the first drive member (51).

7. The three-dimensional morphological monitoring device for lakes and reservoirs as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The drilling mechanism (6) includes a telescopic member (61), a third drive member (62), and a drill head (63). The telescopic member (61) is fixed on the output shaft of the second drive member (62). The third drive member (62) is fixed on the telescopic end of the telescopic member (61). The drill head (63) is fixed on the output shaft of the third drive member (62). The telescopic member (61) pushes the second drive member (62) to drive the drill head (63) to rotate and drill a hole.

8. The three-dimensional morphological monitoring device for lakes and reservoirs as described in claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a spatial positioning probe (10) and a water level measuring instrument (11), wherein, The spatial positioning probe (10) is set inside the capsule (1) to obtain the current position of the capsule (1). The output end of the spatial positioning probe (10) is electrically connected to the communication cable (8) to upload the signal to the host computer. The water level measuring instrument (11) is set in the lake or reservoir water, and the output end of the water level measuring instrument (11) is electrically connected to the host computer to obtain the water level height in real time.

9. A method for monitoring the three-dimensional morphology of lakes and reservoirs, implemented using the three-dimensional morphology monitoring device for lakes and reservoirs as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, multiple monitoring devices are set up in series along the shoreline of the lake and reservoir, and are arranged parallel to the water level contour line. The monitoring devices are positioned according to the spatial positioning probe (10). S2, ballast water is loaded by counterweight mechanism (4) to make the bladder (1) sink to the bottom of the water, and the tilt angle of the bladder (1) is obtained by tilt angle detection device (3). The tilt angle of drilling mechanism (6) is adjusted by adjustment mechanism (5) to fine-tune the position of bladder (1). S3, drill holes in the lake bottom using the drilling mechanism (6) to fix the position of the capsule (1); S4, the pressure value of the current position of the bladder (1) is collected in real time by the pressure detection device (2), and the water level value change is collected in real time by the water level measuring instrument (11). The filling thickness is calculated based on the pressure value and water level value change of the current position of the bladder (1). S5: Preset filling alarm threshold and duration threshold. When the filling thickness is greater than the filling alarm threshold, the change duration is recorded. When the change duration is greater than the duration threshold, an alarm is triggered; otherwise, no alarm is triggered.

10. The method for monitoring the three-dimensional morphology of lakes and reservoirs as described in claim 9, characterized in that: In step S4, the filling thickness is calculated based on the pressure and water level changes at the current position of the reservoir (1), expressed as: ； In the formula, P 填后 This represents the pressure value after the lake was filled in. P 初 The initial pressure value after the monitoring device is deployed; △ h This represents the change in water level. ρ 水 The density of the lake / reservoir water; ρ 填 This refers to the wet density of the slag at the bottom of the reservoir after filling.

Images