Small-sized integrated dual-mode magnetofluid thruster experimental device

Abstract

The invention discloses a small integrated dual-mode magnetofluid thruster experimental device, and belongs to the technical field of magnetofluid thrusters. A supporting frame is arranged on a desktop display stand to form a rectangular annular structure, a concentric-square-shaped pipe is installed on the supporting frame to form a closed rectangular circulation loop, and the concentric-square-shaped pipe is of a transparent visible structure. The superconducting spiral channel magnetofluid propeller device and the permanent magnet annular channel magnetofluid propeller device are embedded in the two long edge positions of the concentric-square-shaped pipe respectively and communicate in series through the concentric-square-shaped pipe, and a dual-mode integrated demonstration experiment is achieved. And the exhaust pipeline is connected to the short edge of the zigzag pipe and is communicated with a poison filtering device arranged in the desktop display stand to form a waste gas treatment loop for treating toxic gases such as chlorine and the like generated in the experiment in situ. Doppler flow velocity flow meters and flow detection flags are arranged on the front sides and the rear sides of inlets and outlets of the two propeller devices in pairs, and real-time flow velocity monitoring and flow field dynamic visualization are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) propulsion technology, and more specifically to a small integrated dual-mode MHD propulsion experimental device. Background Technology

[0002] Magnetorheological (MHL) propulsion systems utilize the electromagnetic force generated by a magnetic field on conductive seawater to create a jet stream, which in turn propels the vessel forward. Compared to traditional propeller-driven mechanical propulsion, MHL propulsion systems offer significant advantages such as no moving parts, low vibration and noise, high reliability, and flexible operation. They are primarily used to provide power systems for surface and underwater equipment platforms.

[0003] The existing magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) thruster experimental setup has the following problems:

[0004] 1. The equipment is large and has limited functionality, resulting in high research costs and poor flexibility. The same experimental platform cannot simultaneously support experimental research in both superconducting spiral channels and permanent magnet ring channels.

[0005] 2. The lack of effective flow field visualization methods makes it difficult to observe fluid dynamics and collect key parameters (such as inlet water velocity, tail jet velocity, etc.) in real time.

[0006] 3. The toxic gases such as chlorine produced during the experiment pose a safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, a small integrated dual-mode magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) thruster experimental device is provided to address the lack of a more intuitive physical demonstration model device that combines a superconducting helical channel MHD thruster and a permanent magnet annular channel MHD thruster, as well as the need for real-time monitoring and collection of the status and parameters of both types of MHD thrusters.

[0008] The specific technical solution is as follows: a small integrated dual-mode magnetohydrodynamic thruster experimental device, comprising:

[0009] Desktop display stand, support frame, U-shaped tube, superconducting spiral channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster device, permanent magnet annular channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster device, exhaust pipe, filtration device, Doppler flow meter and flow detection flag;

[0010] The support frame is fixedly arranged on the tabletop of the desktop display stand and forms a rectangular ring structure;

[0011] The loop tube is installed on the support frame and forms a closed rectangular loop. The entire loop tube is a transparent and visible structure.

[0012] The superconducting helical channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster device and the permanent magnet annular channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster device are respectively embedded in the two long sides of the loop tube, and the two are connected in series through the loop tube;

[0013] The exhaust pipe is connected to the short side of the loop and communicates with the inside of the loop;

[0014] The filtration device is installed inside the desktop display stand and is connected to the loop pipe through the exhaust pipe to form a waste gas treatment circuit.

[0015] The Doppler flow meter and the flow detection flag are installed in pairs on the front and rear sides of the inlet and outlet of the superconducting spiral channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster device and the permanent magnet annular channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster device, respectively, for real-time monitoring of flow velocity and visualization of flow field dynamics.

[0016] Preferably, the support frame includes ten end-face fixed conduit support frames and a coil cover support frame. The U-shaped tube is connected on the support frame to form a rectangular structure. The two types of thrusters are placed on the long side, and two support frames are respectively provided on both sides of the long side thruster.

[0017] Preferably, the superconducting helical channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster device includes a helical channel component and a cryogenic superconducting magnet. The helical channel component is coaxially mounted in the room temperature hole of the cryogenic superconducting magnet through the loop tube, forming a packaged structure.

[0018] Preferably, the spiral channel component has an inner electrode installed in the middle of the spiral channel, an outer electrode on the outside, a front guide vane at the front end, and a rear rectifier vane at the rear end.

[0019] Preferably, the permanent magnet annular channel magnetohydrodynamic propulsion device includes an enclosure, a permanent magnet, a central inner nested electrode, and an enclosure surface nested electrode. Ten permanent magnets are evenly distributed between the enclosure surface nested electrode and the central inner nested electrode, and the gaps between the permanent magnets form a seawater channel.

[0020] Preferably, the filtration device is connected to the exhaust pipe via a detachable corrosion-resistant pipe, and the exhaust pipe is connected to the U-shaped pipe at the opening on the short side of the U-shaped pipe.

[0021] Preferably, a set of the Doppler flow meter and the flow detection flag are each installed at the front and rear positions of the superconducting spiral channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster device and the permanent magnet annular channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster device, respectively, to collect parameters such as inlet water velocity and tail jet velocity.

[0022] Preferably, the spiral tube in the superconducting spiral channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster device simultaneously serves as a suspension support, positioning isolation, and flow channel communication function, supporting and positioning the spiral channel component within the room temperature hole of the low-temperature superconducting magnet and isolating the flow channel medium.

[0023] Preferably, the exhaust pipe is located at the two short sides of the U-shaped pipe.

[0024] Preferably, the electrode wires of the superconducting helical channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster device and the permanent magnet annular channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster device are connected to an external power source through two adjacent support frames.

[0025] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] This device innovatively adopts an integrated structure of superconducting helical channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster and permanent magnet annular channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster, sharing a single loop fluid pipeline. It successfully solves the pain points of traditional experimental devices, such as limited functionality, high research costs, poor flexibility, and the inability of the same experimental platform to simultaneously support experimental research in both superconducting helical channel and permanent magnet annular channel modes.

[0027] To address the toxic gases generated during the process, this design highly integrates a self-cleaning exhaust system within the demonstration platform, achieving in-situ treatment and neutralization of the exhaust gases. This not only ensures the safety and environmental protection of the experimental process but also significantly optimizes the spatial layout, enhancing the overall integrity of the equipment and its site adaptability. At the observation level, ribbon-shaped tracer elements and flow velocity monitoring sensors are installed before and after the superconducting helical channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster and the permanent magnet annular channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster. This allows researchers to directly and clearly observe the dynamic response of the fluid under the influence of magnetic and electric fields, and to collect parameters such as the inlet water velocity and tail jet velocity of the two types of magnetohydrodynamic thrusters. This real-time flow field visualization capability provides intuitive and reliable experimental evidence for accurately analyzing key mechanisms such as propulsion efficiency, vortex structure, and motion evolution, and provides data support for the correction of theoretical calculations and forward design simulation results. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is an overall device diagram of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is an overall device diagram from another angle of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is an overall device diagram from another angle of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the superconducting helical channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5This is an assembly diagram of the superconducting helical channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the spiral channel component of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the permanent magnet annular channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the reducing pipe of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. To achieve the above objectives, this invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0037] like Figure 1-3 As shown, this invention provides a small integrated dual-mode magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) thruster experimental device, comprising: a desktop display stand 1, a support frame 2, an exhaust pipe 3, a superconducting helical channel MHD thruster 4, a permanent magnet annular channel MHD thruster 5, a filtration device 6, a Doppler flow meter 7, a flow detection flag 8, and a loop tube 9. The desktop display stand 1 serves as the overall base, with several support frames 2 arranged on its surface. These support frames 2 form a rectangular annular structure for fixing and supporting the entire flow channel system. The loop tube 9 connects to the support frames 2 to form a closed rectangular loop, and the entire loop tube is transparent and visible. The superconducting helical channel MHD thruster 4 and the permanent magnet annular channel MHD thruster 5 are respectively embedded in the long side of the loop tube 9. The helical channel component 4.2 of the superconducting helical channel MHD thruster 4 is installed and fixed in the room temperature hole of the low-temperature superconducting magnet 4.1 through the loop tube 9, forming a coaxial assembly structure.

[0038] The enclosure 5.1 of the permanent magnet annular channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster 5 is directly connected in series to the transparent section of the loop tube 9, and the gap between the central electrode 5.3 and the outer electrode 5.4 forms a seawater flow channel.

[0039] The filtration device 6 is installed inside the desktop display stand 1. It connects to the short side opening of the rectangular exhaust pipe 3 via a detachable, corrosion-resistant pipe, forming a self-cleaning filtration device for treating toxic gases such as chlorine generated during experiments. The exhaust pipe 3 connects to the short side of the U-shaped pipe 9. The connection between the U-shaped pipe 9 and the exhaust pipe 3 can be designed as a reducing structure, slowing down the liquid flow and facilitating gas extraction. Additionally, a waterproof and breathable membrane is placed inside the exhaust pipe 3 to prevent liquid water from entering without affecting gas discharge. This reducing pipe can be added between the joints of the U-shaped pipe 9, such as... Figure 8 As shown, by fabricating reducers with different nominal diameters (D), the values ​​of P and V at the diameter change can be experimentally measured. This allows for analysis of the variable relationships between D, P, and V, providing data support for the subsequent design of the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) thruster nozzle. D is the nominal diameter, P is the hydrostatic pressure, and V is the fluid velocity.

[0040] The Doppler flow meter 7 and the flow detection flag 8 are installed in pairs at the inlet and outlet positions of the superconducting spiral channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster 4 and the permanent magnet annular channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster 5, respectively, to monitor the flow velocity in real time and visualize the flow field dynamics.

[0041] The U-shaped tube 9 is specifically designed to suspend, support, and position the superconducting spiral channel component 4.2 within the room temperature aperture of the cryogenic superconducting magnet 4.1, while simultaneously isolating the flow channel medium.

[0042] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, the superconducting helical channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster device 4 includes a helical channel component 4.2 and a cryogenic superconducting magnet 4.1. The helical channel component 4.2 is installed in the room temperature hole of the cryogenic superconducting magnet 4.1 through a U-shaped tube 9. An inner electrode 4.2.3 is installed in the middle of the helical channel 4.2.2 in the helical channel component 4.2, and an outer electrode 4.2.4 is installed on the outside. This device achieves the superconducting cryogenic environment of the magnet through conduction cooling by a refrigerator. Water enters from the front end of the helical channel and enters the helical channel after passing through the front guide vane 4.2.1. The function of the front guide vane 4.2.1 is to make the water entering the helical channel relatively stable, without eddies or turbulence. After passing through the helical channel, the water reaches the rear rectifier vane 4.2.5, which changes the outflowing water from helical motion to axial flow. The room temperature orifice of the cryogenic superconducting magnet 4.1 is designed with an eccentric structure. This design lowers the center of gravity of the U-tube 9, improving the stability of the entire device. Furthermore, the eccentric design of the room temperature orifice and the cryo-engine, located on the magnet's end face, effectively reduces the end face area, significantly decreasing the volume of the cryogenic superconducting magnet 4.1. Numerical calculations show that five front-end guide vanes 4.2.1 are designed. Too few vanes would result in poor pre-swirl of the incoming flow, leading to significant counter-current losses when the fluid contacts the helical blades. Too many vanes would cause flow losses far exceeding the effect of pre-swirl. Therefore, five vanes 4.2.1 pre-swirl the inlet flow, providing excellent guidance and allowing the fluid to smoothly enter the helical structure. The sum of the corner separation losses between the five vanes 4.2.1 and the end wall, and the friction losses with the fluid, is less than the gain effect of the pre-swirl. Therefore, the five front-end guide vanes 4.2.1 achieved a very good positive effect.

[0043] like Figure 7As shown, the permanent magnet annular channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster 5 includes an enclosure 5.1, permanent magnets 5.2, a central inner nested electrode 5.3, and an outer nested electrode 5.4. Ten permanent magnets 5.2 are evenly distributed between the outer nested electrode 5.4 and the central inner nested electrode 5.3, within the internal cavity of the enclosure 5.1, maintaining the position of the permanent magnets 5.2 and isolating them from seawater. The gap between two permanent magnets 5.2 serves as a seawater channel and also as a pipeline installation channel. This device achieves a low-temperature environment through heat conduction from a refrigerator, ensuring the coil is in an ultra-low temperature state. The outer U-shaped tube 9 of the thruster is transparent, and Doppler flow meters 7 and flow detection flags 8 are installed before and after the thruster. This permanent magnet annular channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster 5 is designed with 10 channels. More channels will compress the ion movement channels between the positive and negative electrodes, resulting in a smaller amount of ion movement and a weakened thruster efficiency. Simulation analysis shows that the thruster will be insufficient to drive the liquid flow in the loop tube 9. Fewer channels reduce the number of permanent magnets and weaken the magnetic field strength. Electromagnetic flow field simulation analysis shows that the thruster efficiency will also be weakened, and the generated thrust will be insufficient to drive the liquid flow in the loop tube.

[0044] The support frame 2 on the desktop display stand 1 includes ten end face fixed conduit support frames and a coil cover support frame. The U-shaped tube 9 is connected to the support frame 2 to form a rectangle. The two types of pushers are placed on the long side. Two support frames are provided on both sides of the long side pusher. The electrode wires are connected to the power supply through the two support frames close to the pusher.

[0045] The short side of the U-shaped pipe is opened with a detachable corrosion-resistant exhaust pipe 3, which is connected to the toxic gas processor inside the desktop demonstration stand 1 to form a self-cleaning filtration device.

[0046] The working process of the superconducting helical channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster device is as follows:

[0047] 1. Check and ensure that the superconducting magnet 4.1 and the permanent magnet 5.2 are in stable operation and can generate a stable magnetic field.

[0048] 2. Turn on the power switch of the four electrodes of the superconducting helical channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster to generate an electric field between the two electrodes.

[0049] 3. By observing the movement trajectory of the flow detection flag 8, the direction and trajectory of the water flow can be clearly observed.

[0050] 4. Change the voltage and current values ​​between the electrodes, and after the water flow stabilizes, record the data of the Doppler flowmeter device 7 under different parameters.

[0051] 5. Toxic gases such as chlorine generated during operation are treated by a toxic gas filtration device to completely remove toxic components from the gases.

[0052] 6. Turn off the inter-electrode voltage, the work is finished, disassemble the pipeline for cleaning and maintenance.

Claims

1. A small integrated dual-mode magnetohydrodynamic thruster experimental device, characterized in that, include: Desktop display stand (1), support frame (2), loop tube (9), superconducting spiral channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster (4), permanent magnet annular channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster (5), exhaust pipe (3), filtration device (6), Doppler flow meter (7) and flow detection flag (8); The support frame (2) is fixedly arranged on the table surface of the desktop display stand (1) and forms a rectangular ring structure; The loop tube (9) is installed on the support frame (2) and forms a closed rectangular loop. The entire loop tube is a transparent and visible structure. The superconducting helical channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster (4) and the permanent magnet annular channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster (5) are respectively embedded in the two long sides of the loop tube (9), and the two are connected in series through the loop tube (9); The exhaust pipe (3) is connected to the short side of the loop pipe (9) and communicates with the inside of the loop pipe (9); The filtration device (6) is installed inside the desktop display stand (1) and is connected to the loop pipe (9) through the exhaust pipe (3) to form a waste gas treatment circuit; The Doppler flow meter (7) and the flow detection flag (8) are installed in pairs on the front and rear sides of the inlet and outlet of the superconducting spiral channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster (4) and the permanent magnet annular channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster (5), respectively, for real-time monitoring of flow velocity and visualization of flow field dynamics.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame (2) includes ten end face fixed conduit support frames and a coil cover support frame. The loop tube (9) is connected on the support frame (2) to form a rectangular structure. The two types of thrusters are placed on the long side and two support frames (2) are respectively provided on both sides of the long side thruster.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The superconducting helical channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster (4) includes a helical channel component (4.2) and a cryogenic superconducting magnet (4.1). The helical channel component (4.2) is coaxially mounted in the room temperature hole of the cryogenic superconducting magnet (4.1) through the loop tube (9), forming a set structure.

4. The apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The spiral channel component (4.2) has an inner electrode (4.2.3) installed in the middle of the spiral channel (4.2.2), an outer electrode (4.2.4) on the outside, a front guide plate (4.2.1) at the front end, and a rear rectifier plate (4.2.5) at the rear end.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The permanent magnet annular channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster (5) includes an enclosure (5.1), permanent magnets (5.2), a central inner layer nested electrode (5.3), and an enclosure surface nested electrode (5.4). Ten permanent magnets (5.2) are evenly distributed between the enclosure surface nested electrode (5.4) and the central inner layer nested electrode (5.3), and the gaps between the permanent magnets (5.2) form a seawater channel.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filtration device (6) is connected to the exhaust pipe (3) via a detachable corrosion-resistant pipe, and the exhaust pipe (3) is connected to the loop pipe (9) at the short side pipe opening of the loop pipe (9).

7. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Doppler flow meter (7) and the flow detection flag (8) are each set up at the front and rear positions of the superconducting spiral channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster (4) and the permanent magnet annular channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster (5) to collect inlet water velocity and tail jet velocity parameters respectively.

8. The apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The spiral tube (9) in the superconducting spiral channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster (4) simultaneously serves as a suspension support, positioning isolation and flow channel communication function, supporting and positioning the spiral channel component (4.2) in the room temperature hole of the low temperature superconducting magnet (4.1) and isolating the flow channel medium.

9. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust pipe (3) is located at the two short sides of the loop pipe (9).

10. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The electrode wires of the superconducting helical channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster (4) and the permanent magnet annular channel magnetohydrodynamic thruster (5) are connected to an external power source through two adjacent support frames (2).

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