Space steel structure model loading and testing equipment under multi-load combined action

Abstract

The invention discloses space steel structure model loading and testing equipment under multi-load combined action, and belongs to the technical field of space steel structure testing equipment, the space steel structure model loading and testing equipment comprises a rack, the rack is divided into two layers, a top plate with a circular through groove in the middle is erected on the upper layer rack, and a bottom plate is erected on the lower layer rack; a circular through groove is formed in the top plate, a space steel structure model is arranged above the circular through groove of the top plate, a fan pedestal is arranged on one side of the rack, a fan facing the space steel structure model is arranged on the fan pedestal, a horizontal load applying assembly is arranged on the other side of the rack, and a vertical load applying assembly is arranged on the bottom plate. And an impact load applying assembly is arranged on the rear side of the rack. The model loading and testing equipment can perform multi-load combination action on a to-be-tested space steel structure model, so as to load recorded data, know the deformation and damage characteristics of the space steel structure under the multi-load combination action, and provide a theoretical basis for space steel structure buildings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of space steel structure testing equipment, and more specifically, to a loading and testing device for a space steel structure model under multiple load combinations. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of urban construction in my country, a number of magnificent and distinctive landmark buildings with spatial steel structures have emerged across the country. Large-span spatial steel structures mainly include various types such as space frame structures, grid shell structures, and cable-stayed dome structures. In engineering applications, it is essential to ensure that spatial steel structures possess reliable load-bearing capacity and a certain degree of deformation resistance under vertical self-weight loads, uneven vertical loads, horizontal wind loads, seismic action, and accidental impact loads. Existing technologies lack sufficient model loading and testing equipment for the aforementioned spatial steel structures, and the combinations and adjustments of simulation conditions are limited, failing to realistically simulate the actual stress and deformation of spatial steel structures. Therefore, this application designs a model loading and testing device for spatial steel structures under multiple load combinations to address the aforementioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a loading and testing device for a spatial steel structure model under multiple load combinations. This device can subject the spatial steel structure model to be tested to multiple load combinations, record loading data, understand the deformation and failure characteristics of the spatial steel structure under multiple load combinations, and provide a theoretical basis for spatial steel structure construction.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A loading and testing device for a spatial steel structure model under multiple load combinations includes a frame. The frame is divided into two layers: the upper frame has a top plate with a circular slot in the middle, and the lower frame has a bottom plate. The spatial steel structure model is placed above the circular slot on the top plate. A fan pedestal is provided on one side of the frame, and a fan facing the spatial steel structure model is provided on the fan pedestal. A horizontal load application component is provided on the other side of the frame, a vertical load application component is provided on the bottom plate, and an impact load application component is provided at the rear of the frame.

[0005] As a further optimization of the present application, the horizontal load application component includes a concave frame. The protruding ends of the concave frame on both sides are welded and fixed to the bottom crossbeam of the frame. An installation shaft is provided at the middle position of the planar end of the concave frame, and a swing frame is fitted on the installation shaft. The outer ends of the swing frame are welded and fixed to the vertical moving bracket. Universal wheels are provided on both sides of the lower end of the vertical moving bracket, and a concave guide frame is provided above the vertical moving bracket. A convex sliding seat is fitted on the concave guide frame. The height of the convex sliding seat is adjusted by adjusting the threaded rod. A steering pulley seat is provided on the upper surface of the protruding area of ​​the convex sliding seat. A force-applying pull rope is wound on the steering pulley seat. One end of the force-applying pull rope is tied to the space steel structure model, and the other end is tied to a loading mass block.

[0006] As a further optimization of the present application, the vertical load application component includes sixteen steering pulley seats, eight of which are located on the upper surface of the base plate directly below the circular through slot, and the other eight are distributed at intervals on both sides of the base plate. The steering pulley seats located in the center area of ​​the upper surface of the base plate correspond to the steering pulley seats located on both sides of the base plate in pairs, and a force-applying rope passes through the corresponding steering pulley seats. One end of the force-applying rope is tied to the spatial steel structure model, and the other end is tied to a loading mass block. The steering pulley seats located in the center area of ​​the upper surface of the base plate are all slidably installed on the circular track in the center of the upper surface of the base plate, and the steering pulley seats located on both sides of the base plate are all slidably installed on the straight tracks on both sides of the upper surface of the base plate.

[0007] As a further optimization of the present application, the impact load application component includes a support rod, which is fixed to the rear side of the frame by two bolts. The upper part of the support rod is concave, and an L-shaped mounting frame is slidably fitted onto the concave area. A screw rod passes through the middle of the vertical section of the L-shaped mounting frame and is limited by a nut on the screw rod. A rectangular sliding sleeve is provided on the support of the vertical section of the L-shaped mounting frame above the screw rod. An adjusting rod is fitted onto the rectangular sliding sleeve through a rectangular frame. The adjusting rod passes through the rectangular frame, and a concave welding frame is welded to its front end. A placement device is welded between the concave areas of the concave welding frame. The ball cylinder has longitudinal slide rails welded and fixed to the lower surfaces of both ends of the transverse section of the L-shaped mounting frame. Each longitudinal slide rail is equipped with a sliding seat, and a transverse slide rail is welded and fixed between the lower surfaces of the sliding seats. A sliding seat is also installed on the transverse slide rail, and a concave clamp is welded and fixed to the lower surface of the sliding seat. A ball cylinder is welded between the concave areas of the concave clamp. The ball cylinder has an opening at the bottom, and an opening and closing cover is connected to the front side of the opening position via a rotating shaft. The opening and closing cover is limited by a rotating frame on the rear side of the opening position of the ball cylinder. The upper end of the rotating frame is connected to the connecting plate via a return spring, and the lower end is attached to a manual pull rope.

[0008] As a further optimization of the present application, the outer side of the sliding seat is provided with a locking rod.

[0009] As a further optimization of the present application, the ball-placement cylinder is located above the spatial steel structure model.

[0010] As a further optimization of the present application, a laser displacement meter is installed on the top of the space steel structure model by means of a fixing clamp.

[0011] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention designs a double-layer frame structure and components such as a fan, horizontal load application components, vertical load application components, and impact load application components. It can comprehensively simulate the combined effects of multiple loads on a spatial steel structure model. The intensity and location of the fan wind force application, the intensity and location of the horizontal load application, the intensity and location of the vertical load application, and the intensity and location of the impact load application can all be set individually or in combination according to the test requirements, which provides good testing flexibility. It can help testers understand the deformation and failure characteristics of spatial steel structures under the combined action of multiple loads, and provide a theoretical basis for spatial steel structure construction. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the loading and testing equipment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal load application component and the vertical load application component of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure behind the impact load application component of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a front view of the ball-mounting cylinder mounting structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a rear view of the ball-mounting cylinder installation structure of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Base plate; 3. Top plate; 4. Fan base; 5. Fan; 6. Spatial steel structure model; 7. Concave frame; 8. Mounting shaft; 9. Swinging frame; 10. Moving bracket; 11. Convex sliding seat; 12. Adjusting threaded rod; 13. Steering pulley seat; 14. Force-applying rope; 15. Loading mass block; 16. Support rod; 17. Bolt; 18. Nut; 19. L-shaped mounting frame; 20. Rectangular sliding sleeve; 21. Adjusting rod; 22. Ball holder; 23. Longitudinal slide rail; 24. Transverse slide rail; 25. Sliding seat; 26. Locking pressure rod; 27. Concave clamping plate; 28. Concave welded frame; 29. ​​Rotating clamping frame; 30. Manual pull rope; 31. Connecting plate; 32. Opening and closing cover. Detailed Implementation

[0013] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of the invention easier to understand, the invention will be further explained below with reference to specific illustrations.

[0014] To address the issues of unrealistic multi-load loading and inconvenient parameter adjustment in existing spatial steel structure model loading and testing equipment, such as... Figure 1 As shown, this application includes a frame 1, which is divided into two layers. The upper frame 1 is provided with a top plate 3 with a circular through slot in the middle, and the lower frame 1 is provided with a bottom plate 2. A spatial steel structure model 6 is provided above the circular through slot of the top plate 3. A fan base 4 is provided on one side of the frame 1, and a fan 5 is provided on the fan base 4 facing the spatial steel structure model 6. A horizontal load application component is provided on the other side of the frame 1, a vertical load application component is provided on the bottom plate 2, and an impact load application component is provided on the rear side of the frame 1. like Figure 2 As shown, the horizontal load application assembly includes a concave frame 7. The protruding ends of the concave frame 7 are welded and fixed to the bottom crossbeam of the frame 1. A mounting shaft 8 is located at the middle of the planar end of the concave frame 7, and a swing frame 9 is mounted on the mounting shaft 8. The outer ends of the swing frame 9 are welded and fixed to the vertical moving bracket 10. Universal wheels are located on both sides of the lower end of the vertical moving bracket 10, and a concave guide frame is located above the vertical moving bracket 10. A convex sliding seat 11 is mounted on the concave guide frame. The height of the convex sliding seat 11 is adjusted by adjusting the threaded rod 12. A steering pulley seat 13 is located on the upper surface of the protruding area of ​​the convex sliding seat 11. A force-applying rope 14 is wound around the steering pulley seat 13. One end of the force-applying rope 14 is attached to the spatial steel structure model 6, and the other end is attached to a loading mass block 15. The vertical load application assembly... The component includes sixteen steering pulley seats 13, eight of which are located on the upper surface of the base plate 2 directly below the circular through slot, and the other eight are distributed at intervals on both sides of the base plate 2. The steering pulley seats 13 located in the center of the upper surface of the base plate 2 correspond to the steering pulley seats 13 located on both sides of the base plate 2 in pairs, and the corresponding steering pulley seats 13 are connected by a force-applying rope 14. One end of the force-applying rope 14 is attached to the space steel structure model 6, and the other end is attached to a loading mass block 15. The steering pulley seats 13 located in the center of the upper surface of the base plate 2 are all slidably mounted on the circular track in the center of the upper surface of the base plate 2, and the steering pulley seats 13 located on both sides of the base plate 2 are all slidably mounted on the straight tracks on both sides of the upper surface of the base plate 2. like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the impact load application assembly includes a support rod 16, which is fixed to the rear side of the frame 1 by two bolts 17. An L-shaped mounting frame 19 is slidably fitted onto the upper concave area of ​​the support rod 16. A screw rod passes through the middle of the vertical section of the L-shaped mounting frame 19 and is limited by a nut 18 on the screw rod. A rectangular sliding sleeve 20 is provided on the support of the vertical section of the L-shaped mounting frame 19 above the screw rod. An adjusting rod 21 is fitted onto the rectangular sliding sleeve 20 via a rectangular frame. The adjusting rod 21 passes through the rectangular frame and has a concave welding frame 28 welded to its front end. A ball-holding cylinder 22 is welded between the concave areas of the concave welding frame 28. The lower surfaces of both ends of the horizontal section of the L-shaped mounting frame 19... Each slide is welded and fixed with a longitudinal slide rail 23. Each slide rail 23 is equipped with a sliding seat 25. A transverse slide rail 24 is welded and fixed between the lower surfaces of the sliding seats 25. A sliding seat 25 is also installed on the transverse slide rail 24. A concave clamp plate 27 is welded and fixed to the lower surface of the sliding seat 25. A ball-holding cylinder 22 is welded between the concave areas of the concave clamp plate 17. The ball-holding cylinder 22 has an opening at the bottom. The front side of the opening position is connected to an opening and closing cover 32 through a rotating shaft. The opening and closing cover 32 is limited by a rotating frame 29 on the rear side of the opening position of the ball-holding cylinder 22. The upper end of the rotating frame 29 is connected to the connecting plate 31 through a reset spring, and the lower end is tied with a manual pull rope 30. Each slide seat 25 has a locking pressure rod 26 on its outer side. In the horizontal load application assembly of this application, the force application angle is mainly adjusted by the swing frame 9 combined with the movable bracket 10, and the height and direction of the applied force are adjusted by the convex sliding seat 11 and the steering pulley seat 13.

[0015] In the vertical load application assembly, the position and angle of the vertical force are mainly adjusted by sixteen steering pulley seats 13. More test points can be set up by changing the position of the steering pulley seats 13 on the circular track and the straight track.

[0016] In the impact load application assembly, the falling impact position of the impact ball is mainly adjusted by adjusting rod 21 and sliding seat 25.

[0017] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the experimental object is a scaled-down model of a single-layer reticulated shell space structure with a maximum diameter of 800 mm. The experiment mainly includes the following steps: Step 1: Apply a concentrated vertical static load of 100N at multiple points (8~16 points), and use a laser displacement gauge to measure the vertical deformation of key points of the model; Step 2: Apply a concentrated horizontal static load of 100N at a single point and measure the horizontal deformation of key points of the model using a laser displacement gauge; Step 3: Retain the vertical load and horizontal static load, then apply horizontal wind loads of 40, 60, and 100 Pa using fan 5, and measure the horizontal deformation at key points; Step 4: Retain the vertical static load and the horizontal static load, apply a 10N impact load, and observe the structural failure characteristics.

[0018] Step 5: After the experiment is completed, uninstall the program.

[0019] The experimental data record table is as follows:

[0020] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention, as well as its advantages. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A loading and testing device for a spatial steel structure model under multiple load combinations, characterized in that: The system includes a frame, which is divided into two layers. The upper frame has a top plate with a circular slot in the middle, and the lower frame has a bottom plate. A spatial steel structure model is set above the circular slot of the top plate. A fan pedestal is set on one side of the frame, and a fan facing the spatial steel structure model is set on the fan pedestal. A horizontal load application component is set on the other side of the frame, a vertical load application component is set on the bottom plate, and an impact load application component is set on the rear side of the frame.

2. The loading and testing equipment for a spatial steel structure model under multiple load combinations as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal load application component includes a concave frame. The protruding ends of the concave frame are welded and fixed to the bottom crossbeam of the frame. A mounting shaft is provided at the middle position of the flat end of the concave frame, and a swing frame is mounted on the mounting shaft. The outer ends of the swing frame are welded and fixed to the vertical moving bracket. Universal wheels are provided on both sides of the lower end of the vertical moving bracket, and a concave guide frame is provided above the vertical moving bracket. A convex sliding seat is mounted on the concave guide frame. The height of the convex sliding seat is adjusted by adjusting the threaded rod. A steering pulley seat is provided on the upper surface of the protruding area of ​​the convex sliding seat. A force-applying rope is wound on the steering pulley seat. One end of the force-applying rope is tied to the space steel structure model, and the other end is tied to a loading mass block.

3. The loading and testing equipment for a spatial steel structure model under multiple load combinations as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The vertical load application assembly includes sixteen steering pulley seats. Eight steering pulley seats are located on the upper surface of the base plate directly below the circular through slot, and the other eight steering pulley seats are distributed at intervals on both sides of the base plate. The steering pulley seats located in the center area of ​​the upper surface of the base plate correspond to the steering pulley seats located on both sides of the base plate in pairs, and a force-applying rope passes through the corresponding steering pulley seats. One end of the force-applying rope is tied to the spatial steel structure model, and the other end is tied to a loading mass block. The steering pulley seats located in the center area of ​​the upper surface of the base plate are all slidably installed on the circular track in the center of the upper surface of the base plate, and the steering pulley seats located on both sides of the base plate are all slidably installed on the straight tracks on both sides of the upper surface of the base plate.

4. The loading and testing equipment for a spatial steel structure model under multiple load combinations as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The impact load application assembly includes a support rod, which is fixed to the rear side of the frame by two bolts. The upper part of the support rod is concave, and an L-shaped mounting frame is slidably fitted over the concave area. A screw rod passes through the middle of the vertical section of the L-shaped mounting frame and is limited by a nut on the screw rod. A rectangular sliding sleeve is provided on the support of the vertical section of the L-shaped mounting frame above the screw rod. An adjusting rod is fitted over the rectangular sliding sleeve by a rectangular frame. The adjusting rod passes through the rectangular frame, and a concave welding frame is welded to its front end. A ball-holding cylinder is welded between the concave areas of the concave welding frame. The lower surfaces of both ends of the transverse section of the mounting frame are welded and fixed with longitudinal slide rails. Each longitudinal slide rail is equipped with a sliding seat, and a transverse slide rail is welded and fixed between the lower surfaces of the sliding seats. A sliding seat is also installed on the transverse slide rail, and a concave clamp is welded and fixed to the lower surface of the sliding seat. A ball-holding cylinder is welded between the concave areas of the concave clamp. The ball-holding cylinder has an opening at the bottom, and the front side of the opening is connected to an opening and closing cover via a rotating shaft. The opening and closing cover is limited by a rotating retaining frame on the rear side of the opening of the ball-holding cylinder. The upper end of the rotating retaining frame is connected to a connecting plate via a return spring, and the lower end is attached to a manual pull rope.

5. The loading and testing equipment for a spatial steel structure model under multiple load combinations as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The outer side of the sliding seat is provided with a locking rod.

6. The loading and testing equipment for a spatial steel structure model under multiple load combinations as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The ball-placement cylinder is located above the spatial steel structure model.

7. The loading and testing equipment for a spatial steel structure model under multiple load combinations as described in claim 6, characterized in that: A laser displacement meter is mounted on the top of the space steel structure model via a fixing clamp.

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