Tunnel blast hole distribution determination method and system based on spatial constraint and while-drilling parameters

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of tunnel blast hole layout, and provides a tunnel blast hole distribution determination method and system based on spatial constraint and while-drilling parameters. The tunnel blast hole distribution determination method comprises the following steps: determining while-drilling parameters according to the type of surrounding rock and the working range of drilling equipment, and further determining a Prjobi coefficient; the method comprises the following steps of: determining a punching type according to a Principh coefficient and parameters of a tunnel face, and then adaptively dividing the tunnel face into seven blast hole subareas, namely a slotting hole area, a slot expanding area, a blast hole pressing area, a blast hole lifting area, a bottom plate hole area, an inner ring hole area and a peripheral hole area; and under the constraint of the working range of the drilling equipment, a preset blasting condition is combined, the blast hole distribution rule of each subarea is calculated according to the row pitch and hole pitch combination, and a blast hole distribution scheme of each subarea is obtained. According to the method, the tunnel section form and the drilling equipment operation constraint can be fully combined, automatic laying of the tunnel blast holes is achieved, the obtained hole laying scheme is accurate, the constructability is high, and the blasting contour forming quality and the tunneling efficiency are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel borehole layout, and particularly relates to a method and system for determining the distribution of tunnel boreholes based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Under complex geological conditions, the drill-and-blast method is more adaptable and cost-effective than mechanical tunneling methods such as shield tunneling during the construction of underground engineering projects such as tunnels. The traditional drill-and-blast method mainly relies on manual experience and two-dimensional drawing software to complete the hole layout design. Designers usually use the preset cross-sectional profile as a basis and locate the blast holes according to empirical formulas. The traditional drill-and-blast method has the following problems: (1) The design process ignores the actual working space constraints of the drilling equipment, and there are often situations where the blast hole position interferes with the equipment or cannot be constructed. When faced with irregular or dynamically changing tunnel cross-sectional profiles (such as changes in surrounding rock type, over-excavation and under-excavation), it is impossible to adaptively adjust the hole layout parameters, resulting in poor adaptability and weak implementation of the design scheme; (2) There is a lack of a unified and standardized way of expressing hole layout rules, which makes it difficult for construction personnel to understand and operate, affecting the efficiency and quality of the operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method and system for determining tunnel borehole distribution based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters. This system integrates the actual operational capacity constraints of intelligent rock drilling rigs with adaptive adjustments to borehole layout schemes based on on-site cross-sectional profile data.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The first aspect of the present invention provides a method for determining the distribution of tunnel blast holes based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters.

[0006] A method for determining tunnel borehole distribution based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters includes: Based on the design parameters, the outline of the tunnel face excavation is constructed, thereby determining the working range of the drilling equipment; Based on the surrounding rock type and the working range of the drilling equipment, the drilling parameters are determined, and then the Protodyakonov coefficients are determined. Based on the Protodyakonov coefficient and tunnel face parameters, the drilling type is determined, and then the tunnel face is adaptively divided into seven blast hole zones: slotting hole zone, widening hole zone, blasting hole zone, lifting hole zone, bottom plate hole zone, inner ring hole zone, and peripheral hole zone. Under the constraints of the drilling equipment's working range, and in conjunction with preset blasting conditions, the hole layout rules for each zone are calculated based on the combination of row spacing and hole spacing, thus obtaining the hole distribution scheme for each zone.

[0007] As one implementation method, the hole layout rules for the slotted hole area are as follows: Let the spacing between the slotted holes be... The grooving angle is α, the position line of the groove is y, and the length of the groove height line is... The outline height is The Protodyakonov coefficient is f; the hole spacing is The angle of the cut is The position line of the slot cavity The length of the groove height line =(n-1) ; Let the diameter of the slotting hole be... The distance from the bottom of the hole is 2.5 The distance between the orifices is The first pair of slotted holes are arranged according to the hole opening distance. Arranged on the cavity position line, the remaining n-1 pairs of boreholes are arranged according to the hole spacing. Orifice distance and hole bottom distance The feed is evenly arranged upwards along the height line of the cavity; where d is the designed cyclic feed.

[0008] In one implementation, the slotting angle α is greater than the minimum slotting angle. ; =arccos[ ]; where s is the width of the face; The length of the rock drilling rig's propulsion beam is, Where is the drill pipe length, and h is the initial support thickness at the distance from the working face. This is the distance from the bottom of the slotted hole; As one implementation method, based on the drilling speed in the drilling parameters... Rotational pressure and impact pressure Calculate the Protodyakonov coefficient f: +0.0737 +0.0211 -8.7336; As one implementation method, the number of slotting hole pairs n is determined according to the surrounding rock grade. When the surrounding rock grade is I-III, n is 6; when the surrounding rock grade is IV, n is 4 pairs; and when the surrounding rock grade is V, n is 3.

[0009] As one implementation method, the hole layout rules for the peripheral hole area and the bottom plate hole area are as follows: Assume the length of the surrounding outline is The length of the base plate outline is The number of blast holes in the perimeter holes is x, and the number of blast holes in the bottom plate holes is z. The diameters of the blast holes in the perimeter holes and the bottom plate holes are... ; When arranging peripheral holes, the external insertion angle β of the peripheral holes should be less than the maximum external insertion angle. The uncorrected peripheral hole spacing is Number of blast holes around the perimeter ; The corrected peripheral hole spacing is indicated by the rounding up sign. = Two peripheral holes are arranged at the left and right arch feet with an external angle of β. The remaining x-2 blast holes are arranged according to the hole spacing of the peripheral holes. The external insertion angle is β. The holes are moved along the contour line and evenly arranged until the last peripheral hole is reached. When arranging the holes in the base plate, the external insertion angle of the holes should be less than the maximum external insertion angle. The hole spacing of the bottom plate is Number of holes in the base plate The corrected hole spacing of the base plate is = The distance between the holes around the left and right arch feet is Two base plate holes are arranged along the outline of the base plate, and the remaining z-2 base plate holes are arranged with a hole spacing of... The external insertion angle is β. Starting from the bottom plate holes at both ends, the plates are evenly distributed from both sides towards the middle along the bottom contour line until the last bottom plate hole is reached.

[0010] As one implementation method, the maximum interpolation angle =arccos[ [The design cycle advance length is d, the distance from the working face to the initial support is e, and the length of the drill rod of the drilling equipment is...] .

[0011] As one implementation method, the hole layout rules in the enlarged slot area are as follows: When arranging the enlarged slot holes, first calculate the arrangement of the inner ring holes. Draw perpendicular lines from both ends of the slot height line to the contour line of the nearest area to obtain the partial contour line of the enlarged slot hole area, thus forming the boundary line of the borehole arrangement in the enlarged slot hole area. Number of the i-th row of expansion holes The corrected spacing of the i-th row of enlarged slot holes is = When arranging the i-th expansion slot hole, the (i-1)-th arrangement hole line is moved inward. The distance is used to obtain the hole layout line of the i-th row of enlarged slots, and the length of the hole layout line of the i-th row of enlarged slots is also... ; 1≤i≤m; The first enlarged slot hole in the i-th row is located at the intersection of the lower boundary line and the hole layout line of the i-th row. The remaining slot holes in this row... -1 enlarged slotting hole according to hole spacing Arrange the holes evenly upwards along the i-th row of expansion holes, and repeat the above steps until all expansion holes are arranged.

[0012] As one implementation method, the hole layout rules for the blast hole area are as follows: When setting up the turret, first determine the turret placement area. Draw perpendicular lines from both ends of the cavity position line to the outline of the nearest area to obtain the upper and left and right boundaries of the turret area. Take the bottom plate outline as the lower boundary of the turret area to obtain the turret placement area. When arranging the i-th row of blasting guns, move the hole line of the (i-1)-th row inward. The distance is calculated by drawing perpendicular lines from the second blasting hole at each end of the (i-1)th row of blasting holes inwards along the hole placement line. This intersects the hole placement line of the i-th row of blasting holes. Blasting holes are then placed at both ends of this hole placement line. The remaining holes in this row... -2 blasting holes are arranged according to the hole spacing. The holes are evenly moved inwards from both ends of the perforation line; 1 ≤ i ≤ m; Repeat the above steps until all the turrets are in place.

[0013] As one implementation method, the hole layout rules for the borehole area are as follows: When arranging the blasting holes, first determine the layout area of ​​the blasting holes. Draw perpendicular lines from the two ends of the top of the groove height line to the outline to obtain the lower and upper boundaries of the blasting area, thus obtaining the layout area of ​​the blasting holes. When arranging the i-th row of pressure guns, the hole lines of the (i-1)-th row will be moved inward. The distance is defined by the lower boundary, which intercepts the hole layout line of the i-th row of blasting holes. The intersection of the lower boundary line and the inward contour line is the starting point for the hole layout at both ends. The first and second blasting holes of the i-th row of the blasting area are respectively arranged at a distance of [distance from the starting point of the hole layout at both ends]. On the inner ring hole line, the remaining -2 inner ring holes according to the hole spacing Distribute the holes evenly inward along the hole distribution line, repeating the above steps until the last row of inner ring holes is completely distributed; where 1≤i≤m.

[0014] A second aspect of the present invention provides a system for determining the distribution of tunnel blast holes based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters.

[0015] A system for determining tunnel borehole distribution based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters includes: The working range determination module is used to construct the tunnel face excavation outline based on design parameters, thereby determining the working range of the drilling equipment. The Protodyakonov coefficient determination module is used to determine the drilling parameters based on the surrounding rock type and the working range of the drilling equipment, and then determine the Protodyakonov coefficient. The blast hole partitioning module is used to determine the drilling type based on the Protodyakonov coefficient and tunnel face parameters, and then adaptively divide the tunnel face into seven blast hole partitions: slotting hole partition, widening hole partition, blasting hole partition, lifting hole partition, bottom plate hole partition, inner ring hole partition and peripheral hole partition. The borehole distribution determination module is used to calculate the borehole layout rules for each zone under the constraints of the drilling equipment's working range and in combination with preset blasting conditions, based on the combination of row spacing and hole spacing, to obtain the borehole distribution scheme for each zone.

[0016] A third aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device.

[0017] An electronic device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the steps in the method for determining the distribution of tunnel blast holes based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters as described above.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) This invention takes into account the working range constraints of the drilling equipment, determines the drilling parameters based on the surrounding rock type and the working range of the drilling equipment, and then determines the Protodyakonov coefficient. In combination with the tunnel face parameters, the borehole design is dynamically adjusted according to the lithological changes reflected by the drilling parameters. The tunnel face is adaptively divided into seven borehole zones: slotting zone, widening zone, pressure blasting zone, lifting blasting zone, bottom plate zone, inner ring zone, and peripheral zone. This solves the problem of traditional design relying on experience and lagging response to actual lithology, and improves the scene adaptability of borehole layout and the ability to finely control blasting.

[0019] (2) Under the constraints of the working range of the drilling equipment, the present invention calculates the hole layout rules of each zone according to the combination of row spacing and hole spacing under the preset blasting conditions, and obtains the hole distribution scheme of each zone. It can quickly complete the layout of the full-section hole and facilitate the construction personnel to carry out drilling according to the zone, thereby improving the efficiency, standardization and consistency of hole layout design and construction implementation. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for determining tunnel borehole distribution based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent rock drilling rig acquiring drilling parameters during drilling according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of tunnel borehole partitioning based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of drawing the excavation outline according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the limit slotting angle of the intelligent rock drilling rig drilling into the slotting hole according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the slotting hole layout rules according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the limit external insertion angle of the intelligent rock drilling rig drilling into the peripheral hole according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the hole arrangement rules of the peripheral holes and bottom plate holes in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the hole layout rules for the enlarged slots according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the hole layout rules for blasting holes according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the hole layout rules for the blasting holes according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0024] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0025] In this invention, the drilling equipment can be an intelligent rock drilling rig, which provides a new opportunity for data-driven and automated tunnel drilling and blasting design. The intelligent rock drilling rig possesses digital control, spatial modeling, and automatic drilling capabilities; its working area and range of motion constitute the constraint boundary of the actual available borehole space. However, current mainstream borehole design methods have not systematically integrated this "working space constraint" factor into the borehole layout process, often resulting in accurate but impractical designs, and even affecting drilling and blasting cycle efficiency. On the other hand, the tunnel cross-sectional profile is not constant during construction; influenced by geological conditions, support control precision, over-excavation and under-excavation errors, the actual cross-sectional profile often differs from the designed profile. Therefore, how to combine real-time cross-sectional information to achieve adaptive adjustment of the borehole layout to the actual profile has become a key link in improving blasting quality and construction efficiency.

[0026] Against this backdrop, there is an urgent need for a method to obtain borehole layout schemes that can adaptively adjust based on the constraints of the actual operating capabilities of drilling equipment and on-site cross-sectional profile data. This method should possess good feasibility, adaptability, and engineering application value, contributing to the intelligent and efficient development of tunnel drilling and blasting construction.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining the distribution of tunnel blast holes based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] The following example uses an intelligent rock drilling rig as a drilling device, combined with... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The following details the implementation process of the method for determining tunnel borehole distribution based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters: Step 1: Construct the tunnel face excavation outline based on the design parameters, and then determine the working range of the drilling equipment.

[0029] The tunnel face excavation outline 2-1 needs to be drawn according to the design parameters.

[0030] Since most intelligent rock drilling rigs excavate in a horseshoe-shaped outline with an inverted arch, the initial support thickness is used to determine the optimal profile. (Distance between the tunnel outline and the initial support surface), radius of the arch arc Central angle and the coordinates of the center ; Radius of the side wall arc Central angle and the coordinates of the center ; radius of the inverted arch Central angle and the coordinates of the center Side wall height Side wall width Eleven design parameters are used to draw the excavation outline of the three-centered horseshoe shape with an inverted arch.

[0031] Step 2: Determine the drilling parameters based on the surrounding rock type and the working range of the drilling equipment, and then determine the Protodyakonov coefficient.

[0032] Based on the design parameters, the tunnel face excavation outline 2-1 is drawn, and the Protodyakonov coefficient is determined by the drilling parameters obtained by the sensors 2-2 at the end of the propulsion beam and the drill pipe joint, along with the surrounding rock type.

[0033] Step 3: Based on the Protodyakonov coefficient and tunnel face parameters, determine the drilling type, and then adaptively divide the tunnel face into seven blast hole zones: slotting hole zone, widening hole zone, blasting hole zone, lifting hole zone, bottom plate hole zone, inner ring hole zone, and peripheral hole zone.

[0034] The blasting conditions are set, including the surrounding rock conditions, burial depth, explosive properties and blasting parameters, as well as drill arm constraints such as the maximum cut angle and the maximum outward insertion angle. Only in this way can the longitudinal blast hole depth and inclination angle be obtained after the planar blast hole layout is designed.

[0035] The limit drilling angle of the drilling rig is determined based on the shape of the excavation outline on site. The position line 3-1 and the height line 3-2 of the groove cavity are determined based on the Protodyakonov coefficient. Combined with the inward contour line 3-3, the working face is divided into seven zones: the slotting zone, the expansion zone, the lifting zone, the pressing zone, the inner ring hole zone, the peripheral hole zone, and the bottom plate hole zone.

[0036] Step 4: Under the constraints of the drilling equipment's working range, and in conjunction with the preset blasting conditions, calculate the borehole layout rules for each zone according to the combination of row spacing and hole spacing, and obtain the borehole distribution scheme for each zone.

[0037] In one or more embodiments, the hole arrangement rules for the slotted hole area are as follows: Let the spacing between the slotted holes be... The grooving angle is α, the position line of the groove is y, and the length of the groove height line is... The outline height is The Protodyakonov coefficient is f; the hole spacing is The angle of the cut is The position line of the slot cavity The length of the groove height line =(n-1) ; Let the diameter of the slotting hole be... The distance from the bottom of the hole is 2.5 The distance between the orifices is The first pair of slotted holes are arranged according to the hole opening distance. Arranged on the cavity position line, the remaining n-1 pairs of boreholes are arranged according to the hole spacing. Orifice distance and hole bottom distance The feed is evenly arranged upwards along the height line of the cavity; where d is the designed cyclic feed.

[0038] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the width of the working face is s, and the length of the rock drilling rig's propulsion beam is... The drill pipe length is The initial support at distance 5-1 from the working face has a thickness of h at 5-2, the designed cyclic advance is d, and the bottom distance of the cut hole is... .

[0039] Because the advancing beam 5-4 of the rock drilling rig 5-3 is spatially constrained by the tunnel design outline 5-5 and the initial support 5-2, by geometric relationships... +( The minimum cut angle for the rock drilling rig is calculated as follows: =arccos[ Therefore, the designed cut angle α should be greater than the minimum cut angle. This is a prerequisite.

[0040] First, determine the number of cut hole pairs (n) based on the surrounding rock grade. For rock grades I-III, set 6 pairs of cut holes (n = 6 pairs); for grade IV, 4 pairs; and for grade V, 3 pairs. Then, use the drilling speed from the drilling parameters obtained by the drilling rig sensor 2-2. Rotational pressure and impact pressure Depend on +0.0737 +0.0211 -8.7336 Calculate the Protodyakonov coefficient f at the working face; assuming the spacing between the cut holes 6-1 is... The wedge-shaped notch angle is α, the position line of the notch (6-2) is y (the vertical distance from the bottom of the notch to the bottom of the contour line), and the length of the notch height line (6-3) is... (The distance from the center of the first pair of slotted holes to the center of the last pair of slotted holes), the outline height is (Distance from the bottom of the inverted arch to the top of the arch), the span is... The angle of the cut is , and =(n-1) ; Let the diameter of the slotting hole be... The distance from the bottom of the hole is 2.5 The distance between the orifices is The first pair of slotted holes are arranged according to the hole opening distance. Arranged on slot cavity position line 6-2, the remaining n-1 pairs of boreholes are arranged according to the hole spacing. Orifice distance and hole bottom distance Arrange them evenly upwards along the height line of the cavity.

[0041] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the hole layout rules for the peripheral hole area and the bottom plate hole area are as follows: Assume the length of the surrounding outline is The length of the base plate outline is The number of blast holes in the perimeter holes is x, and the number of blast holes in the bottom plate holes is z. The diameters of the blast holes in the perimeter holes and the bottom plate holes are... ; When arranging peripheral holes, the external insertion angle β of the peripheral holes should be less than the maximum external insertion angle. The uncorrected peripheral hole spacing is Number of blast holes around the perimeter ; The corrected peripheral hole spacing is indicated by the rounding up sign. = Two peripheral holes are arranged at the left and right arch feet with an external angle of β. The remaining x-2 blast holes are arranged according to the hole spacing of the peripheral holes. The external insertion angle is β. The holes are moved along the contour line and evenly arranged until the last peripheral hole is reached. When arranging the holes in the base plate, the external insertion angle of the holes should be less than the maximum external insertion angle. The hole spacing of the bottom plate is Number of holes in the base plate The corrected hole spacing of the base plate is = The distance between the holes around the left and right arch feet is Two base plate holes are arranged along the outline of the base plate, and the remaining z-2 base plate holes are arranged with a hole spacing of... The external insertion angle is β. Starting from the bottom plate holes at both ends, the plates are evenly distributed from both sides towards the middle along the bottom contour line until the last bottom plate hole is reached.

[0042] Among them, the largest interpolation angle =arccos[ [The design cycle advance length is d, the distance from the working face to the initial support is e, and the length of the drill rod of the drilling equipment is...] .

[0043] For example, the hole layout rules for peripheral holes 8-1 and bottom plate holes 8-2 are as follows, assuming the length of the peripheral contour line 8-3 is... The length of the base plate outline 8-4 is Let x be the number of boreholes in the perimeter holes and z be the number of boreholes in the base plate. Let the limiting external interpolation angles of the perimeter holes and the base plate holes be . The designed cycle advance length 7-2 is d, the distance from the face 7-1 to the initial support 7-3 is e, and the length of the drill rod 7-5 of the rock drilling rig is... Because the drill rod of the rock drilling rig 7-4 is spatially constrained by the tunnel outline 7-6 and the initial support 7-3, by geometric relationships... (d+e) Calculate the maximum interpolation angle of the rock drilling rig. =arccos[ Therefore, the designed peripheral hole insertion angle β should be less than the maximum insertion angle. This is a prerequisite.

[0044] Let the diameter of the blast hole be the diameter of the peripheral hole and the bottom plate hole. The uncorrected peripheral hole spacing is Number of blast holes around the perimeter ,(in, (The rounding symbol is used to round up), the corrected peripheral hole spacing is... = Two peripheral holes, 8-5 and 8-6, are arranged at the left and right arch feet with an external insertion angle of β. The remaining x-2 blast holes are arranged according to the hole spacing of the peripheral holes. The external insertion angle is β, and the holes are evenly distributed along the contour line until the last peripheral hole (8-7) is reached. When arranging the bottom plate holes, in addition to considering that the designed external insertion angle of the bottom plate holes should be less than the maximum external insertion angle, the holes should also be arranged. Under the premise that, the hole spacing of the base plate is Number of holes in the base plate -1, the corrected hole spacing of the base plate is = The distance between the holes around the left and right arch feet is Two base plate holes, 8-8 and 8-9, are arranged along the outline of the base plate. The remaining z-2 base plate holes are arranged according to the hole spacing. The external insertion angle is β. Starting from the bottom plate holes 8-8 and 8-9 at both ends along the bottom contour line, the plates are evenly distributed from both sides toward the middle until the last bottom plate hole 8-10 is reached.

[0045] In the specific implementation process, the hole layout rules for the enlarged slot hole area are as follows: When arranging the enlarged slot holes, first calculate the inner ring hole layout. Draw perpendicular lines from both ends of the slot cavity height line to the nearest contour line to obtain the partial contour line of the enlarged slot hole area, forming the boundary line of the borehole layout in the enlarged slot hole area; the number of enlarged slot holes in the i-th row... The corrected spacing of the i-th row of enlarged slot holes is = When arranging the i-th expansion slot hole, the (i-1)-th arrangement hole line is moved inward. The distance is used to obtain the hole layout line of the i-th row of enlarged slots, and the length of the hole layout line of the i-th row of enlarged slots is also... ; 1≤i≤m; The first enlarged slot hole in the i-th row is located at the intersection of the lower boundary line and the hole layout line of the i-th row. The remaining slot holes in this row... -1 enlarged slotting hole according to hole spacing Arrange the holes evenly upwards along the i-th row of expansion holes, and repeat the above steps until all expansion holes are arranged.

[0046] The hole layout rules for the blasting hole area are as follows: When arranging the blasting blasters, first determine the blasting blasting layout area. Draw perpendicular lines from both ends of the slot cavity position line to the outline of the nearest area to obtain the upper boundary and left and right boundaries of the blasting blasting area. Take the bottom plate outline as the lower boundary of the blasting blasting area to obtain the blasting blasting layout area. When arranging the i-th row of blasting blasters, shift the hole layout line of the (i-1)-th row inward. The distance is calculated by drawing perpendicular lines from the second blasting hole at each end of the (i-1)th row of blasting holes inwards along the hole placement line. This intersects the hole placement line of the i-th row of blasting holes. Blasting holes are then placed at both ends of this hole placement line. The remaining holes in this row... -2 blasting holes are arranged according to the hole spacing. Move the blasting material evenly inward from both ends of the blasting line; 1≤i≤m; repeat the above steps until all the blasting material is in place.

[0047] The hole layout rules for the blasting hole area are as follows: When arranging the blasting holes, first determine the layout area of ​​the blasting holes. Draw perpendicular lines from the two ends of the top of the groove height line to the outline to obtain the lower and upper boundaries of the blasting area, thus obtaining the layout area of ​​the blasting holes; when arranging the i-th row of blasting holes, shift the hole layout line of the (i-1)-th row inward. The distance is defined by the lower boundary, which intercepts the hole layout line of the i-th row of blasting holes. The intersection of the lower boundary line and the inward contour line is the starting point for the hole layout at both ends. The first and second blasting holes of the i-th row of the blasting area are respectively arranged at a distance of [distance from the starting point of the hole layout at both ends]. On the inner ring hole line, the remaining -2 inner ring holes according to the hole spacing Distribute the holes evenly inward along the hole distribution line, repeating the above steps until the last row of inner ring holes is completely distributed; where 1≤i≤m.

[0048] like Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the three types of blast holes—expanded slot holes, lifting blast holes, and pressing blast holes—are subject to less spatial constraints when drilling with a rock drilling rig, so the extreme drilling conditions of the drill arm under spatial constraints are not considered.

[0049] Assume the number of rows of blast holes, blasting holes, and blasting press holes is m, and the number of blast holes in each row is m. The number of inner ring holes in the expansion groove area and the pressure blasting area is [number missing]. . The average explosive consumption per unit volume (kg / m³) for auxiliary holes (including enlarged slot holes, press holes, and lifting holes). This is the unit consumption coefficient of explosives. = P represents the work capacity of the explosive (mL). The directional coefficient is the value of the enlarged slot. =1, jacking hole =1.05, pressure hole =0.9; is the average Protodyakonov coefficient obtained from the drilling parameters of the upper cycle for auxiliary holes in different areas; S is the area of ​​auxiliary holes in different areas (㎡); de is the diameter of the charge cartridge (m); ql is the ratio of the charge length to the borehole length, taken as 0.6; L is the borehole depth (m). η is the explosive density (kg / m³); η is the borehole utilization rate, taken as 95%; a is the spacing between auxiliary holes (including enlarged slot holes). , blast hole and jacking hole b is the spacing of the auxiliary holes (including the enlarged slot holes). , blast hole and jacking hole The hole arrangement rules are as follows: When arranging the enlarged boreholes, first calculate the arrangement of the inner ring boreholes. Draw perpendicular lines 9-2 and 9-3 from both ends of the borehole height line 9-1 to the contour line to obtain the partial contour line 9-4 of the enlarged borehole area, forming the boundary line of the borehole arrangement in the enlarged borehole area. Let the length of the left boundary of the enlarged borehole area be... The length of the right boundary is The length of the upper boundary is The length of the lower boundary is Right boundary Inward The distance is used to obtain the inner contour line 9-5. Let the length of the inner contour line 9-5 be... .Depend on , η gives the uncorrected spacing of the enlarged slot holes as The spacing between the uncorrected inner ring hole and the enlarged groove hole is... Number of inner ring holes ,(in, (The rounding symbol is used to round up), the corrected inner ring hole spacing is... = The first inner ring hole 9-6 in the enlarged groove area is located at the intersection of the lower boundary line 9-3 and the inward contour line 9-5. The remaining... -1 inner ring hole according to hole spacing Arrange evenly upwards along the inner contour line 9-5.

[0050] Number of rows of enlarged slots The corrected spacing of the enlarged slot holes is Number of expansion holes in each row Move the inner ring hole line inward. The hole pattern line for the first row of enlarged slot holes is 9-6, and the length of the hole pattern line for the first row of enlarged slot holes is also... The number of the first row of enlarged slot holes (1≤i≤m), the corrected spacing of the first row of enlarged slot holes is = (1≤i≤m). The first enlarged slot hole 9-7 in the first row is located at the intersection of the lower boundary line 9-3 and the hole layout line 9-6 of the first row. The remaining holes in this row... -1 enlarged slotting hole according to hole spacing Arrange the holes evenly upwards along the first row of expansion slot holes line 9-6.

[0051] Number of the i-th row of expansion holes (1≤i≤m), the corrected spacing of the i-th row of expansion holes is = (1≤i≤m), when arranging the i-th (1≤i≤m) expansion slot hole, the (i-1)-th hole arrangement line is moved inward. The distance is used to obtain the hole layout line of the i-th row of enlarged slots, and the length of the hole layout line of the i-th row of enlarged slots is also... The first enlarged slot hole in the i-th row is located at the intersection of the lower boundary line and the hole layout line of the i-th row. The remaining holes in this row... -1 enlarged slotting hole according to hole spacing Arrange the holes evenly upwards along the i-th row of expansion holes, and repeat the above steps until all expansion holes are arranged.

[0052] When arranging the turrets, first determine the turret arrangement area. Draw perpendicular lines from both ends of the cavity position line to the outline line to obtain the upper boundary 10-1 and left and right boundaries 10-2 of the turret area. Use the bottom plate outline line 10-3 as the lower boundary of the turret area to obtain the turret placement area. Then, move the bottom plate outline line 10-3 inwards. The distance is used to obtain the inner contour line, and perpendicular lines 10-6 and 10-7 are drawn from the bottom plate holes 10-4 and 10-5 at both ends of the inner contour line to intercept the first row of blasting hole layout line 10-8. Let the length of the i-th row of hole layout line be... (1≤i≤m). By , η can be used to obtain the uncorrected breech spacing of the breech holes. The uncorrected blast hole spacing is The number of artillery platoons is The platoon spacing for the gun retardation correction is: The number of gun ports in the i-th row (1≤i≤m), the corrected spacing of the i-th row of blast holes is: = (1≤i≤m).

[0053] Number of blast holes in the first row The corrected spacing of the first row of blast holes is: = At both ends of the first row of holes, blasting holes 10-9 and 10-10 are installed. The remaining holes in this row... -2 blasting holes are arranged according to the hole spacing. The holes are evenly moved inward from both ends of the hole-laying line. When arranging the i-th (1≤i≤m) row of blasting guns, the hole-laying line of the (i-1)-th row is moved inward. The distance is calculated by drawing perpendicular lines from the second blasting hole at each end of the (i-1)th row of blasting holes inwards along the hole placement line. This intersects the hole placement line of the i-th row of blasting holes. Blasting holes are then placed at both ends of this hole placement line. The remaining holes in this row... -2 blasting holes are arranged according to the hole spacing. Move the blasting material evenly inward from both ends of the perforation line. Repeat the above steps until all blasting blasts are in place.

[0054] When arranging the blasting holes, first determine the layout area. Draw perpendicular lines from the top two ends of the groove height line to the outline to obtain the lower boundary 11-1 and upper boundary 11-2 of the blasting area, thus obtaining the layout area for the blasting holes. Then, move the upper boundary 11-2 inwards. The inner contour line is obtained, and the inner ring hole pattern line 11-3 is obtained by the lower boundary 11-1. Let the length of the inner ring hole pattern line be... ,Depend on , η can be used to obtain the uncorrected row spacing of the blast holes. The uncorrected borehole spacing is Number of inner ring holes The hole spacing for inner ring hole correction is = The inner ring holes 11-4 and 11-5 in the expanded groove area at the intersection of the lower boundary line and the inward contour line are the starting points of the two ends of the hole layout line. The first and second inner ring holes 11-6 and 11-7 in the pressure-pressing area are respectively arranged at a distance of from the two starting points. On the inner ring hole line, the remaining -2 inner ring holes according to the hole spacing Distribute the perforations evenly inwards along the perforation line.

[0055] Let the length of the i-th row of pressure blasting holes be... (1≤i≤m). The number of gun rows is... The platoon spacing corrected by the gunnery is The number of gun ports in the i-th row (1≤i≤m), the corrected spacing of the i-th row of pressurized boreholes is = (1≤i≤m). Let the number of boreholes in the first row be determined. The corrected spacing of the first row of pressurized boreholes is: = The points 11-8 and 11-9, where the lower boundary line intersects with the inward contour line, are the starting points for the two end holes. The first and second blast holes in the first row of the blasting zone, 11-10 and 11-11, are respectively located at a distance of [distance from the starting points of the two end holes]. On the inner ring hole line, the remaining -2 inner ring holes according to the hole spacing Distribute the perforations evenly inward along the perforation line. When arranging the i-th (1≤i≤m) row of pressure blasters, shift the perforation line of the (i-1)-th row inward. The distance is defined by the lower boundary, which intercepts the hole layout line of the i-th row of blasting holes. The intersection of the lower boundary line and the inward contour line is the starting point for the hole layout at both ends. The first and second blasting holes of the i-th row of the blasting area are respectively arranged at a distance of [distance from the starting point of the hole layout at both ends]. On the inner ring hole line, the remaining -2 inner ring holes according to the hole spacing Distribute the holes evenly inwards along the perforation line, repeating the above steps until the last row of inner ring holes is completely distributed.

[0056] In this embodiment of the invention, the drilling angle of the drilling arm of the rock drilling rig is adjusted according to the spatial constraints of the on-site cross-section, and the working face is adaptively partitioned into blast hole zones based on the cross-sectional profile. The tunnel outline and initial support greatly limit the drilling operation of the drilling arm of the rock drilling rig; therefore, the shape of the tunnel outline and the drilling angle of the drilling arm are factors that must be considered when designing blast holes. Combining the distance y shifted upward from the lowest point of the bottom slab outline, the cavity height, and the inward shift of the tunnel outline, the working face can be divided into seven zones according to the drilling arm drilling type and the adaptive partitioning algorithm: the slotting zone, the widening zone, the blasting pressure zone, the blasting lift zone, the auxiliary hole zone, the peripheral hole zone, and the bottom slab hole zone.

[0057] Before designing the boreholes, it is necessary to know the surrounding rock conditions, burial depth, explosive properties and blasting parameters, as well as the drill arm constraints such as the maximum cut angle and the maximum outward insertion angle. Only in this way can the longitudinal borehole depth and inclination angle be obtained after the planar borehole layout is designed.

[0058] In this embodiment of the invention, after dividing the working face into different regions according to an adaptive algorithm, the boreholes are designed according to different types of borehole rows and combinations, combined with the borehole layout rules of the built-in detailed algorithm. The boreholes arranged in this way have strong adaptability to cross-sectional constraints, the design is more in line with engineering practice, the drilling accuracy is higher, and practical problems such as "not being able to hit" and "not being able to hit steadily" can be effectively avoided.

[0059] This invention establishes a working space limit model for the rock drilling rig based on its boom reach and range of motion, dividing the working face into multiple types of borehole areas according to spatial accessibility and rock drilling techniques. Compared with traditional subjective zoning methods based on human experience, this zoning method has advantages such as quantifiability, repeatability, and practicality, laying the foundation for precise borehole layout.

[0060] The tunnel borehole distribution determination system based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters provided in this embodiment of the invention can be implemented in software. The system includes the following software modules: The working range determination module is used to construct the tunnel face excavation outline based on design parameters, thereby determining the working range of the drilling equipment. The Protodyakonov coefficient determination module is used to determine the drilling parameters based on the surrounding rock type and the working range of the drilling equipment, and then determine the Protodyakonov coefficient. The blast hole partitioning module is used to determine the drilling type based on the Protodyakonov coefficient and tunnel face parameters, and then adaptively divide the tunnel face into seven blast hole partitions: slotting hole partition, widening hole partition, blasting hole partition, lifting hole partition, bottom plate hole partition, inner ring hole partition and peripheral hole partition. The borehole distribution determination module is used to calculate the borehole layout rules for each zone under the constraints of the drilling equipment's working range and in combination with preset blasting conditions, based on the combination of row spacing and hole spacing, to obtain the borehole distribution scheme for each zone.

[0061] It should be noted that each module in the tunnel borehole distribution determination system based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters in this embodiment of the invention corresponds one-to-one with each step in the tunnel borehole distribution determination method based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters described above, and their specific implementation processes are the same, so they will not be repeated here.

[0062] The structure of the electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below. The electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes: at least one processor, a memory, a user interface, and at least one network interface. The various components in the tunnel borehole distribution determination system based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters are coupled together through a bus system. It can be understood that the bus system is used to realize the connection and communication between these components. In addition to a data bus, the bus system also includes a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus.

[0063] The user interface may include a monitor, keyboard, mouse, trackball, click wheel, buttons, touchpad, or touch screen.

[0064] It is understood that the memory can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or both. The memory in this embodiment of the invention is capable of storing data to support the operation of the terminal. Examples of this data include any computer programs used to operate on the terminal, such as operating systems and applications. The operating system includes various system programs, such as the framework layer, core library layer, driver layer, etc., used to implement various basic services and handle hardware-based tasks. Applications can include various applications.

[0065] In some embodiments, the tunnel borehole distribution determination system based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters provided in this invention can be implemented using a combination of hardware and software. As an example, the system can be a processor in the form of a hardware decoding processor, programmed to execute the tunnel borehole distribution determination method based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters provided in this invention. For example, the hardware decoding processor can employ one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), DSPs, programmable logic devices (PLDs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other electronic components.

[0066] As an example, a processor can be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities, such as a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc., where a general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc.

[0067] As an example of the hardware implementation of the tunnel borehole distribution determination system 300 based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters provided in this embodiment of the invention, the system provided in this embodiment of the invention can be directly executed by a processor in the form of a hardware decoding processor. For example, it can be implemented by one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), DSPs, programmable logic devices (PLDs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other electronic components to implement the tunnel borehole distribution determination method based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0068] The memory in this embodiment of the invention is used to store various types of data to support the operation of the tunnel borehole distribution determination system based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters, or to store data for execution. Figure 1 The program code for the method shown. Examples of this data include: any executable instructions for operating on a tunnel borehole distribution determination system based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters, such as executable instructions that can be included in the executable instructions to implement the tunnel borehole distribution determination method based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters of the present invention.

[0069] Specifically, according to embodiments of this application, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of this application include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer program including functions for executing... Figure 1 The program code for the method shown. In such an embodiment, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via a communication component, and / or installed from a removable medium. When the computer program is executed by the central processing unit, it performs the various functions defined in the system of this application.

[0070] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, as well as combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart. Figure 1One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A system that specifies functions in one or more boxes.

[0071] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining the distribution of tunnel blast holes based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters, characterized in that, include: Based on the design parameters, the tunnel face excavation outline is constructed, thereby determining the working range of the drilling equipment; Based on the surrounding rock type and the working range of the drilling equipment, the drilling parameters are determined, and then the Protodyakonov coefficients are determined. Based on the Protodyakonov coefficient and tunnel face parameters, the drilling type is determined, and then the tunnel face is adaptively divided into seven blast hole zones: slotting hole zone, widening hole zone, blasting hole zone, lifting hole zone, bottom plate hole zone, inner ring hole zone, and peripheral hole zone. Under the constraints of the drilling equipment's working range, and in conjunction with preset blasting conditions, the hole layout rules for each zone are calculated based on the combination of row spacing and hole spacing, thus obtaining the hole distribution scheme for each zone.

2. The method for determining tunnel borehole distribution based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hole layout rules for the slotted hole area are as follows: Let the spacing between the slotted holes be... The grooving angle is α, the position line of the groove is y, and the length of the groove height line is... The outline height is The Protodyakonov coefficient is f; the hole spacing is The angle of the cut is The position line of the slot cavity The length of the cavity height line =(n-1) ; Let the diameter of the slotting hole be... The distance from the bottom of the hole is 2.5 The distance between the orifices is The first pair of slotted holes are arranged according to the hole opening distance. Arranged on the cavity position line, the remaining n-1 pairs of boreholes are arranged according to the hole spacing. Orifice distance and hole bottom distance The feed is evenly arranged upwards along the height line of the cavity; where d is the designed cyclic feed.

3. The method for determining tunnel borehole distribution based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The cut angle α is greater than the minimum cut angle. ; =arccos[ ]; where s is the width of the face; The length of the rock drilling rig's propulsion beam is, Where is the drill pipe length, and h is the initial support thickness at the distance from the working face. This is the distance from the bottom of the slotted hole; Or based on the drilling speed in the drilling parameters. Rotational pressure and impact pressure Calculate the Protodyakonov coefficient f: +0.0737 +0.0211 -8.7336; Alternatively, the number of slotting holes n can be determined based on the surrounding rock grade. When the surrounding rock grade is I-III, n is 6; when the surrounding rock grade is IV, n is 4 pairs; and when the surrounding rock grade is V, n is 3.

4. The method for determining tunnel borehole distribution based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hole layout rules for the peripheral hole area and the bottom plate hole area are as follows: Assume the length of the surrounding outline is The length of the base plate outline is The number of blast holes in the perimeter holes is x, and the number of blast holes in the bottom plate holes is z. The diameters of the blast holes in the perimeter holes and the bottom plate holes are... ; When arranging peripheral holes, the external insertion angle β of the peripheral holes should be less than the maximum external insertion angle. The uncorrected peripheral hole spacing is Number of blast holes in the surrounding area ; The corrected peripheral hole spacing is indicated by the rounding up sign. = Two peripheral holes are arranged at the left and right arch feet with an external angle of β. The remaining x-2 blast holes are arranged according to the hole spacing of the peripheral holes. The external insertion angle is β. The holes are moved along the contour line and evenly arranged until the last peripheral hole is reached. When arranging the holes in the base plate, the external insertion angle of the holes should be less than the maximum external insertion angle. The hole spacing of the bottom plate is Number of holes in the base plate The corrected hole spacing of the base plate is = The distance between the holes around the left and right arch feet is Two base plate holes are arranged along the outline of the base plate, and the remaining z-2 base plate holes are arranged with a hole spacing of... The external insertion angle is β. Starting from the bottom plate holes at both ends, the plates are evenly distributed from both sides towards the middle along the bottom contour line until the last bottom plate hole is reached.

5. The method for determining tunnel borehole distribution based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Maximum interpolation angle =arccos[ [The design cycle advance length is d, the distance from the working face to the initial support is e, and the length of the drill rod of the drilling equipment is...] .

6. The method for determining tunnel borehole distribution based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hole layout rules for the enlarged slot area are as follows: When arranging the enlarged slot holes, first calculate the arrangement of the inner ring holes. Draw perpendicular lines from both ends of the slot height line to the contour line of the nearest area to obtain the partial contour line of the enlarged slot hole area, thus forming the boundary line of the borehole arrangement in the enlarged slot hole area. Number of the i-th row of expansion holes The corrected spacing of the i-th row of enlarged slot holes is = When arranging the i-th expansion slot hole, the (i-1)-th arrangement hole line is moved inward. The distance is used to obtain the hole layout line of the i-th row of enlarged slots, and the length of the hole layout line of the i-th row of enlarged slots is also... ; 1≤i≤m; The first enlarged slot hole in the i-th row is located at the intersection of the lower boundary line and the hole layout line of the i-th row. The remaining slot holes in this row... -1 enlarged slotting hole according to hole spacing Arrange the holes evenly upwards along the i-th row of expansion holes, and repeat the above steps until all expansion holes are arranged.

7. The method for determining tunnel borehole distribution based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hole layout rules for the blast hole area are as follows: When setting up the turret, first determine the turret placement area. Draw perpendicular lines from both ends of the cavity position line to the outline of the nearest area to obtain the upper and left and right boundaries of the turret area. Take the bottom plate outline as the lower boundary of the turret area to obtain the turret placement area. When arranging the i-th row of blasting guns, move the hole line of the (i-1)-th row inward. The distance is calculated by drawing perpendicular lines from the second blasting hole at each end of the (i-1)th row of blasting holes inwards along the hole placement line. This intersects the hole placement line of the i-th row of blasting holes. Blasting holes are then placed at both ends of this hole placement line. The remaining holes in this row... -2 blasting holes are arranged according to the hole spacing. The holes are evenly moved inwards from both ends of the perforation line; 1 ≤ i ≤ m; Repeat the above steps until all the turrets are in place.

8. The method for determining tunnel borehole distribution based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hole layout rules for the blast hole area are as follows: When arranging the blasting holes, first determine the layout area of ​​the blasting holes. Draw perpendicular lines from the two ends of the top of the groove height line to the outline to obtain the lower and upper boundaries of the blasting area, thus obtaining the layout area of ​​the blasting holes. When arranging the i-th row of pressure guns, the hole lines of the (i-1)-th row will be moved inward. The distance is defined by the lower boundary, which intercepts the hole layout line of the i-th row of blasting holes. The intersection of the lower boundary line and the inward contour line is the starting point for the hole layout at both ends. The first and second blasting holes of the i-th row of the blasting area are respectively arranged at a distance of [distance from the starting point of the hole layout at both ends]. On the inner ring hole line, the remaining -2 inner ring holes are arranged according to the hole spacing. Distribute the holes evenly inward along the hole distribution line, repeating the above steps until the last row of inner ring holes is completely distributed; where 1≤i≤m.

9. A system for determining the distribution of tunnel blast holes based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters, characterized in that, include: The working range determination module is used to construct the tunnel face excavation outline based on design parameters, thereby determining the working range of the drilling equipment. The Protodyakonov coefficient determination module is used to determine the drilling parameters based on the surrounding rock type and the working range of the drilling equipment, and then determine the Protodyakonov coefficient. The blast hole partitioning module is used to determine the drilling type based on the Protodyakonov coefficient and tunnel face parameters, and then adaptively divide the tunnel face into seven blast hole partitions: slotting hole partition, widening hole partition, blasting hole partition, lifting hole partition, bottom plate hole partition, inner ring hole partition and peripheral hole partition. The borehole distribution determination module is used to calculate the borehole layout rules for each zone under the constraints of the drilling equipment's working range and in combination with preset blasting conditions, based on the combination of row spacing and hole spacing, to obtain the borehole distribution scheme for each zone.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the steps in the method for determining the distribution of tunnel blast holes based on spatial constraints and drilling parameters as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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