Anti-interference processing method and system for trees below overhead line

Abstract

The invention provides an anti-interference processing method and system for a tree below an overhead line, and belongs to the technical field of power transmission lines, and the method comprises the steps: arranging a sensing unit close to a tree canopy on the overhead line, and collecting the related data of a target branch; according to the data, spraying a load growth inhibitor through the unmanned aerial vehicle; a clamp is attached to the surface of the branch, the direction of the clamp is adjusted to enable the branch to be stressed, and the clamp is connected with the fixing pile through a rope; monitoring the branch acting force according to a stress sensor arranged in the clamp; a memory alloy braid layer is arranged on the overhead line, and the braid layer generates temperature change so as to generate elastic shrinkage; after the inhibitor in the step S2 is dried, the inhibitor spraying area and the clamp covering area are coated to form a biocompatible protective film. According to the anti-interference processing method for the tree below the overhead line, the crown shape and the greening ecology of the tree are protected while the growth of the target risky branches is precisely controlled, and environmental pollution and vegetation damage are reduced through precise spraying of the load type inhibitor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of power transmission line technology, and more specifically, relates to a method and system for preventing interference to trees under overhead power lines. Background Technology

[0002] Overhead power lines, as a core infrastructure for power transmission, pose a significant threat to power safety due to the growth of trees beneath them. When tree branches grow close to or touch overhead power lines, they can easily cause short circuits, power outages, and even fires, seriously affecting power supply reliability and public safety. This problem is particularly prominent in areas with dense concentrations of fast-growing tree species. Currently, traditional treatment methods mainly involve overall pruning and comprehensive intervention, commonly employing methods such as indiscriminate felling, severe topping, or spraying growth inhibitors across the entire area. While the former can temporarily increase the safety distance, it severely damages the tree crown shape and the green ecosystem. Moreover, trees have strong regenerative abilities, requiring frequent repetition of the work, which not only significantly increases maintenance costs but also easily leads to renewed hazards if pruning is not done in a timely manner. The latter method has the problems of inhibitor diffusion polluting the soil and affecting surrounding vegetation, while indiscriminately inhibiting the growth of non-target parts of the tree, leading to tree decline, reduced disease resistance, and even death, resulting in extremely poor ecological compatibility. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a method and system for preventing interference to trees under overhead power lines, so as to solve the technical problems of crude intervention methods and poor ecological compatibility in the existing technology.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: a method for preventing interference to trees under overhead power lines, comprising: S1: arranging multiple sensing units on the overhead power line, with the detection end of the sensing unit positioned close to the tree canopy to collect data on the radial growth rate, circumferential deformation amplitude, and surface humidity of the target branches; S2: based on the data collected in S1, visual positioning is used to locate the apical meristem and lateral bud areas of the target branches, and a load growth inhibitor is sprayed using a drone; S3: using a clamp to adhere to the surface of the branches, adjusting the clamp orientation to apply force to the branches in a direction away from the overhead power line, and connecting the clamp to ground-fixed piles via ropes to form a traction structure; monitoring the force generated by the growth deformation of the branches based on the stress sensor built into the clamp; S4: arranging a shape memory alloy braided layer on the overhead power line corresponding to the target branches, and when the net distance between the target branches and the overhead power line is at a safe critical value, the local temperature change generated by the braided layer causes elastic contraction in a direction away from the branches; S5: after the inhibitor in S2 dries, a biocompatible protective film is coated on the inhibitor spraying area and the clamp-covered area to form a protective film.

[0005] In one possible implementation, based on the radial growth rate and circumferential deformation data collected in S1, the target branches are divided into three levels: high-risk, medium-risk, and low-risk. The clamps in S3 have three different clamping forces, and the inhibitors in S2 have three different concentrations. At the same time, layered gradient inhibition is applied to the target branches: high-concentration inhibitors are sprayed on the apical meristem, medium-concentration inhibitors are sprayed on the lateral buds in the middle and lower parts facing the overhead line, and low-concentration inhibitors are sprayed on the lateral buds away from the overhead line.

[0006] In one possible implementation, an ultrasonic sensing module is arranged on the overhead line in S1 to collect xylem density data inside the branches; by cross-comparing the capacitance data and ultrasonic data, abnormal deformation data is eliminated and valid data of normal tree growth is retained; soil parameters are detected in S1 to analyze the growth data of the target branches, and a fertilizer-controlled and breathable membrane is laid around the roots of the branches or a shade net is erected above the canopy of the branches based on the growth data of the target branches.

[0007] In one possible implementation, in S2, an inhibitor is first sprayed onto the apical meristem of the target branch and the lateral buds facing the overhead line using an ultrasonic atomizing nozzle; after an interval of 5-10 minutes, a nutrient agent is sprayed onto the lateral buds away from the overhead line and the lower and middle bark of the branch, forming a layered structure of an inhibitory layer and a nutrient layer; in S2, a drone is used for spraying, and a laser contour scanner is mounted on the drone to scan the three-dimensional contour of the apical meristem and lateral buds of the target branch in real time to generate the coordinates of the spraying area; at the same time, the distance between the nozzle and the branch surface is dynamically monitored by an ultrasonic ranging module, and the atomization pressure of the nozzle is automatically adjusted according to the distance.

[0008] In one possible implementation, in S3, the clamp is disassembled every two months to clean the branch secretions and impurities on the contact surface and spray nutrients onto the contact surface; simultaneously, the deformation recovery capability of the branch clamping area is monitored by a stress sensor; when meteorological data affects the clamp, the rope is tightened in advance and the pre-shrinkage state of the braided layer in S4 is activated; the clamp includes a fixed section, a linkage section, and an elastic buffer section. The fixed section fits against the branch, the linkage section is connected to the rope through a ball joint structure, and the elastic buffer section has a built-in elastomer; when subjected to multi-directional forces, the linkage section adaptively deflects within a 30° range through the ball joint structure, and the elastic buffer section is simultaneously compressed or stretched; the rope is divided into a rigid section and a flexible section, which are connected by a buffer spring; when the branch is subjected to external forces, the flexible section and the buffer spring stretch synchronously to buffer and offset the impact force.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the clamp is provided with a breathable and non-slip coating, in which a humidity sensor and an infrared thermal imager are embedded to monitor the micro-environmental humidity of the contact surface between the clamp and the branch. When the humidity is >70%, the ventilation module built into the clamp automatically starts, accelerating air circulation on the contact surface through the ventilation holes on the breathable and non-slip coating to reduce humidity. When the humidity is <30%, the ventilation module is turned off, and a preset moisturizing liquid is released through the permeation holes on the edge of the clamp. The infrared thermal imager detects the degree of lignification of the target branch. When the degree of lignification on the guiding direction side is ≥70%, a shaping hoop is added to the outside of the clamp. The clamping force of the shaping hoop is 40-60% of the clamping force of the clamp to help the branch maintain the guiding direction. After the branch is shaped, the shaping hoop is removed, and the clamp is retained.

[0010] In one possible implementation, in S4, when the braided layer detects the pressure on the branch through the built-in pressure sensor and triggers contraction, the built-in stress sensor of the clamp synchronously receives the feedback signal, and increases the guide angle of the clamp through the micro motor, while increasing the clamping force; after the branch moves away, the braided layer resets under the tension of the overhead line itself, and the clamp synchronously adjusts the guide angle and clamping force.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the same overhead line segment is divided into several avoidance sections with a length of 1-2m. When multiple avoidance sections simultaneously detect branches approaching, the braided layer is triggered to contract. When the contraction angle reaches 15°, the braided layer stops contracting and sends a warning signal via a wireless module, triggering manual verification. An insulating coating containing piezoelectric ceramic particles is coated on the surface of the braided layer. When the braided layer contracts, the piezoelectric ceramic particles generate current due to deformation, forming an electrostatic shielding layer on the surface of the insulating coating to prevent induced discharge between the branches and the overhead line. At the same time, the formation status of the electrostatic shielding layer is fed back to the clamp control module of S3 via a wireless module. If the electrostatic shielding layer is not formed normally, the clamp automatically increases the guiding angle by 3-5°.

[0012] In one possible implementation, in S5, temperature-sensitive expansion particles are added to the biocompatible protective membrane. When the ambient temperature is higher than 35°C or the humidity is greater than 85%, the temperature-sensitive expansion particles expand, increasing the pore size of the breathable pores on the biocompatible protective membrane by 50%-80%. When the temperature is lower than 10°C or the humidity is less than 40%, the temperature-sensitive expansion particles contract, decreasing the pore size of the breathable pores on the biocompatible protective membrane by 30%-50%.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the anti-interference treatment method for trees under overhead power lines provided in this application are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the anti-interference treatment method for trees under overhead power lines in this application firstly achieves accurate identification and data support for risky branches. Multiple sensing units arranged on the overhead power line have their detection ends close to the tree canopy, abandoning the inefficient mode of traditional full-area investigation, and specifically focusing on target branches that may threaten the safety of the line, and directionally collecting radial growth rate, circumferential deformation amplitude and surface moisture data. These key data provide accurate basis for subsequent intervention measures, avoiding over-processing or under-intervention due to missing information; then, the above-mentioned accurate data is used for visual positioning... The technology targets the apical meristem and lateral buds of the target branch, two core growth areas. A drone equipped with specialized spraying equipment is used to apply a load-bearing growth inhibitor. Compared to traditional whole-area spraying, this method precisely targets the inhibitor to key growth sites. Furthermore, the load-bearing formulation reduces pesticide diffusion, avoiding soil contamination and impacting surrounding vegetation, while also preventing indiscriminate inhibition of non-target areas, thus ensuring overall tree health and significantly improving ecological compatibility. Subsequently, a flexible traction structure is constructed using clamps that conform to the branch surface. Adjusting the clamps' orientation ensures the branch is stressed away from the overhead power line, and then securing it to the ground via ropes. The fixed piles provide stable traction, while the stress sensors built into the clamps monitor the forces generated by the branch's growth deformation in real time. This design abandons the inefficient guidance of traditional rigid supports and simple rope binding, dynamically adapting to the branch's growth characteristics. It avoids the risk of branch necrosis and breakage caused by long-term pressure, continuously guiding the branch to grow in a safe direction and actively expanding the safe distance in space. Next, a shape memory alloy braided layer is placed on the overhead line corresponding to the target branch section. When the target branch grows to the point where the net distance between it and the overhead line reaches a safe threshold, the local temperature change generated by contact will trigger the braided layer to elastically contract away from the branch. This process creates a dual protection mechanism of active branch guidance and passive line avoidance, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional methods that rely solely on a single intervention and have unstable safety distances, thus further strengthening the safety defense line. Finally, after the inhibitor dries, a biocompatible protective film is applied to the area where the inhibitor was sprayed and the area covered by the clamp. This protective film can prevent the inhibitor from becoming ineffective due to rainwater erosion and protect the contact points between the clamp and the branch from pests and diseases and rainwater erosion, preventing abnormal growth of the branch. At the same time, the biocompatible material will not pollute the trees and soil, solving the problems of traditional treatments that lack consolidation measures, have easily diminished effects, and require frequent repetition.

[0014] In this way, a processing flow of data collection, precise suppression, targeted guidance, proactive avoidance, and long-term consolidation is formed. While precisely controlling the growth of risky branches, the tree crown shape and green ecology are protected to the greatest extent. The precise spraying of load-bearing inhibitors reduces environmental pollution and vegetation damage. The synergistic effect of flexible traction and shape memory alloy avoidance ensures the dynamic stability of the safe distance. The biocompatible protective film extends the duration of the anti-interference effect, significantly reduces the frequency of repetitive operations, and lowers operation and maintenance costs. This not only ensures the reliability of overhead power supply and public safety, but also achieves a harmonious coexistence of power safety and ecological protection.

[0015] Another objective of this application is to provide a system for preventing interference to trees under overhead power lines, including any of the above-mentioned methods for preventing interference to trees under overhead power lines.

[0016] The overhead power line tree interference prevention system provided in this application adopts an overhead power line tree interference prevention method. While accurately controlling the growth of target risky branches, it maximizes the protection of tree crown shape and green ecology. The precise spraying of load-type inhibitors reduces environmental pollution and vegetation damage. The synergistic effect of flexible traction and shape memory alloy avoidance ensures the dynamic stability of the safe distance. The biocompatible protective film extends the duration of the interference prevention effect, significantly reduces the frequency of repetitive operations, and lowers operation and maintenance costs. It not only ensures the reliability of overhead power supply and public safety, but also achieves a harmonious coexistence of power safety and ecological protection. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for preventing interference to trees under overhead power lines provided in this application embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0020] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0021] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0022] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0023] Please see Figure 1 The method for preventing interference to trees under overhead power lines provided in this application is now explained. A method for preventing interference to trees under overhead power lines includes: S1: arranging multiple sensing units on the overhead power line, with the sensing ends of the sensing units positioned close to the tree canopy to collect data on the radial growth rate, circumferential deformation amplitude, and surface humidity of the target branches; S2: based on the data collected in S1, visual positioning is used to locate the apical meristem and lateral bud areas of the target branches, and a growth inhibitor is sprayed using a drone; S3: using clamps to adhere to the surface of the branches, adjusting the orientation of the clamps to apply force to the branches in a direction away from the overhead power line, and connecting the clamps to ground-fixed piles via ropes to form a traction structure; monitoring the force generated by the growth deformation of the branches based on the stress sensors built into the clamps; S4: arranging a shape memory alloy braided layer on the overhead power line corresponding to the target branches, and when the net distance between the target branches and the overhead power line is at a safe critical value, the local temperature change generated by the braided layer causes elastic contraction in a direction away from the branches; S5: after the inhibitor in S2 dries, a biocompatible protective film is coated on the area where the inhibitor was sprayed and the area covered by the clamps to form a protective film.

[0024] The anti-interference method for trees under overhead power lines provided in this application, compared with existing technologies, firstly achieves accurate identification and data support for risky branches. Multiple sensing units deployed on the overhead power line have their detection ends close to the tree canopy, abandoning the inefficient mode of traditional all-area inspection, and specifically focusing on target branches that may threaten line safety. Radial growth rate, circumferential deformation amplitude, and surface moisture data are collected directionally. This key data provides accurate basis for subsequent intervention measures, avoiding over-processing or under-intervention due to missing information. Then, using the aforementioned accurate data, visual positioning technology is used to locate the apical meristem and lateral buds of the target branches. In these two core growth areas, drones equipped with specialized spraying equipment were used to apply load-bearing growth inhibitors in a targeted manner. Compared to traditional whole-area spraying, this method precisely targets the inhibitors to key growth sites. Furthermore, the load-bearing formulation reduces pesticide diffusion, avoiding soil contamination and impacting surrounding vegetation, while also preventing indiscriminate inhibition of non-target tree growth, thus ensuring overall tree health and significantly improving ecological compatibility. Subsequently, a flexible traction structure was constructed using clamps that conform to the branch surface. Adjusting the clamp orientation ensured that the branches were subjected to force away from the overhead power line, and then using ropes to establish stable traction with ground-fixed stakes. Simultaneously, [the text abruptly ends here, likely due to an incomplete sentence or missing information]. The clamp's built-in stress sensors monitor the forces generated by the branch's growth deformation in real time. This design eliminates the inefficient guidance of traditional rigid supports and simple rope bindings, dynamically adapting to the branch's growth characteristics. It avoids the risk of branch necrosis and breakage caused by long-term pressure, continuously guiding the branch to grow in a safe direction and actively expanding the safe distance in space. Next, a shape memory alloy braided layer is placed on the overhead line corresponding to the target branch section. When the target branch grows to the point where the net distance between it and the overhead line reaches a safe threshold, the local temperature change caused by contact triggers the braided layer to elastically contract away from the branch, forming the main branch... The dual protection mechanism of dynamic guidance and passive line avoidance makes up for the shortcomings of traditional methods that rely on a single intervention and have unstable safety distances, further strengthening the safety defense line. Finally, after the inhibitor dries, a biocompatible protective film is applied to the area where the inhibitor is sprayed and the area covered by the clamp. This protective film can prevent the inhibitor from being washed away by rainwater and protect the contact parts between the clamp and the branches from pests and diseases and rainwater erosion, thus avoiding abnormal growth of the branches. At the same time, the biocompatible material will not pollute the trees and soil, solving the problems of traditional treatments that lack consolidation measures, have easy decay of effect, and require frequent re-operations.

[0025] In this way, a processing flow of data collection, precise suppression, targeted guidance, proactive avoidance, and long-term consolidation is formed. While precisely controlling the growth of risky branches, the tree crown shape and green ecology are protected to the greatest extent. The precise spraying of load-bearing inhibitors reduces environmental pollution and vegetation damage. The synergistic effect of flexible traction and shape memory alloy avoidance ensures the dynamic stability of the safe distance. The biocompatible protective film extends the duration of the anti-interference effect, significantly reduces the frequency of repetitive operations, and lowers operation and maintenance costs. This not only ensures the reliability of overhead power supply and public safety, but also achieves a harmonious coexistence of power safety and ecological protection.

[0026] Please see Figure 1 As a specific implementation of the anti-interference treatment method for trees under overhead power lines provided in this application, based on the radial growth rate and circumferential deformation amplitude data collected in S1, the target branches are divided into three levels: high-risk, medium-risk, and low-risk. The clamps in S3 have three different clamping forces, and the inhibitors in S2 have three different concentrations. At the same time, layered gradient inhibition is implemented on the target branches. High-concentration inhibitors are sprayed on the apical meristem, medium-concentration inhibitors are sprayed on the lateral buds in the middle and lower parts facing the overhead power line, and low-concentration inhibitors are sprayed on the lateral buds away from the overhead power line. After collecting the radial growth rate and circumferential deformation amplitude data of the target branches through the sensing unit, a quantitative grading standard is first established, and the intervention measures are accurately matched according to the risk level: S3 presets three clamping forces: high, medium, and low. The high-risk level uses a larger clamping force to ensure the directional guidance effect, the medium-risk level uses a moderate clamping force to balance guidance and branch protection, and the low-risk level uses a smaller clamping force to avoid excessive compression. Simultaneously, the clamp's built-in stress sensor provides real-time feedback of force data, dynamically fine-tuning the clamping force to adapt to branch growth deformation. The S2 model is equipped with three different concentrations of load-type growth inhibitors, innovatively implementing a layered gradient inhibition strategy. A high-concentration inhibitor is sprayed on the apical meristem, which grows fastest and poses the highest risk, effectively suppressing longitudinal growth. A medium-concentration inhibitor is sprayed on the lower and middle lateral buds facing overhead lines and posing a direct threat, precisely controlling growth in the dangerous direction. A low-concentration inhibitor is sprayed on lateral buds far from overhead lines and posing no safety hazard, ensuring that normal crown development is not hindered while avoiding excessive new shoot growth that could lead to secondary risks. The entire process utilizes drone visual positioning to ensure precise application of the pesticides to the target areas. Regarding beneficial effects...

[0027] This approach aligns risk levels with clamping force and inhibitor concentration, ensuring a precise match between intervention intensity and hazard severity. This avoids insufficient intervention for high-risk branches and excessive treatment for low-risk branches. Layered gradient inhibition abandons the crude approach of spraying the same concentration across the entire area. It focuses on strengthening control over core risk areas while ensuring the normal growth of non-dangerous parts of the trees, maximizing the protection of green ecology and tree health, reducing the amount of inhibitor used, and lowering the risk of soil pollution. The graded adaptation and dynamic adjustment of clamping force avoids the problems of branch necrosis and breakage caused by traditional rigid fixation, further improving the stability of maintaining safe distances. Combined with the proactive avoidance and long-term consolidation of the core solution, it achieves multiple goals of precise risk control, eco-friendly protection, and lasting and stable effects, significantly reducing the frequency and cost of operation and maintenance.

[0028] Please see Figure 1 As a specific implementation of the anti-interference treatment method for trees under overhead power lines provided in this application, in S1, an ultrasonic sensing module is arranged on the overhead power line to collect data on the density of xylem inside the branches; by cross-comparing the capacitance data and ultrasonic data, abnormal deformation data is eliminated, and valid data of normal tree growth is retained; in S1, soil parameters are detected to analyze the growth data of the target branches, and according to the growth data of the target branches, a fertilizer-controlled and breathable membrane is laid around the roots of the branches or a shade net is erected above the canopy of the branches; in the sensing data acquisition stage of S1, in addition to the original capacitance... In addition to collecting radial growth rate, circumferential deformation amplitude, and surface humidity data of the target branches and trunks, an ultrasonic sensing module is additionally deployed on the overhead line. Its detection signal penetrates the surface of the branches and trunks to specifically collect internal xylem density data. The capacitance data reflects the growth status of the branch and trunk surface, while the ultrasonic data reflects the degree of internal lignification. By cross-comparing the two, abnormal deformation data caused by non-growth factors such as pest and disease erosion and mechanical damage can be effectively eliminated, retaining only the effective data related to the natural growth of the tree, thus providing a more reliable decision-making basis for subsequent S2-S5 intervention measures.

[0029] Simultaneously, during the S1 stage, soil parameters (nutrient content, humidity) around the roots of the target branches are monitored. Combined with growth data validated by dual sensors, the root causes of abnormal branch growth are precisely analyzed: if excessive soil nutrients lead to rapid growth, a fertilizer-controlled and breathable membrane is laid around the roots to block excessive nutrient absorption without affecting normal soil aeration and water permeability; if excessive sunlight accelerates growth, a shade net with an appropriate shading rate is erected above the branches and canopy to gently regulate light conditions and slow down the growth rate of the target branches from the source. In terms of beneficial effects, the dual-sensor cross-validation mechanism solves the problem of traditional single-sensor data being easily interfered with and prone to distortion. It effectively avoids over-intervention (blindly spraying inhibitors on mechanically damaged branches) or under-intervention (ignoring the risk of abnormal deformation caused by pests and diseases) due to data misjudgment, significantly improving the accuracy of subsequent suppression and guidance operations.

[0030] The combination of soil parameter detection and source control breaks through the limitations of traditional post-intervention that only targets the surface of branches and trunks. It slows down branch and trunk growth from the perspective of growth induction factors, reduces the frequency of subsequent S2-S5 operations, lowers operation and maintenance costs, and avoids damage to trees from frequent interventions. The targeted use of fertilizer-controlled and breathable membranes and shading nets eliminates the need for felling, severe topping, or full-area spraying of inhibitors. It will not damage the tree crown shape and green ecology, nor will it cause soil pollution. It fully meets the needs of eco-friendliness and works synergistically with the core solution's precise inhibition and targeted guidance measures.

[0031] Please see Figure 1 As a specific implementation of the anti-interference treatment method for trees under overhead power lines provided in this application, in S2, an inhibitor is first sprayed onto the apical meristem of the target branch and the lateral buds facing the overhead power line using an ultrasonic atomizing nozzle; after an interval of 5-10 minutes, a nutrient agent is sprayed onto the lateral buds away from the overhead power line and the lower and middle bark of the branch, forming a layered structure of an inhibitory layer and a nutrient layer; in S2, a drone is used for spraying, and a laser contour scanner is mounted on the drone to scan the three-dimensional contour of the apical meristem and lateral buds of the target branch in real time, generating the coordinates of the spraying area; at the same time, the distance between the nozzle and the branch surface is dynamically monitored by an ultrasonic ranging module, and the nozzle atomization pressure is automatically adjusted according to the distance; S2 is implemented. First, the laser contour scanner on the drone is activated to perform a full-range scan of the target branches, capturing in real time the three-dimensional contours of key areas such as the apical meristem, lateral buds facing the overhead line, and lateral buds away from the overhead line. The spatial coordinate algorithm generates precise coordinates of the spraying area to ensure that the pesticide spraying does not deviate from the target area. At the same time, the ultrasonic ranging module on the drone continuously and dynamically monitors the distance between the nozzle and the branch surface, and automatically adjusts the nozzle atomization pressure according to the distance changes (medium-high pressure atomization is used when the distance is 0.3-0.5m, and low pressure atomization is used when the distance is 0.5-1.0m), ensuring that the pesticide can form uniform droplets and adhere tightly to the branch surface at different distances, avoiding pesticide drift and waste or local accumulation.

[0032] The spraying process is carried out in two orderly steps: First, using an ultrasonic atomizing nozzle, a load-bearing growth inhibitor is precisely sprayed onto the apical meristem and lateral buds facing the overhead line, which are locked by laser contour scanning, to form a targeted inhibition layer and effectively control growth in the dangerous direction; after the inhibitor has completely dried and adhered for 5-10 minutes, the second step is to spray plant-derived nutrients (containing amino acids, trace elements, etc.) onto the lateral buds away from the overhead line and the lower and middle bark of the branches to form a nourishing layer and supplement nutrients to the non-dangerous parts of the tree.

[0033] This synergistic application of laser contour scanning and ultrasonic ranging completely solves the problems of positioning deviation, pesticide drift, and uneven dosage caused by traditional spraying methods that rely on experience for positioning and fixed pressure. It allows inhibitors to act precisely on high-risk areas and nutrients to precisely nourish safe areas, significantly reducing pesticide usage and lowering the risk of soil pollution and damage to surrounding vegetation, thus meeting the needs of eco-friendly practices. The layered structure design of the inhibition and nourishment layers breaks through the limitations of the traditional single inhibition mode. It effectively controls the growth of target branches towards overhead lines through inhibitors, while ensuring the normal physiological needs of non-dangerous parts of the tree through nutrients. This avoids problems such as stunted growth and decreased disease resistance caused by excessive inhibition, thus maximizing the protection of tree crown shape and green ecology. The automated operation of drones not only improves the safety and efficiency of high-altitude operations but also avoids the subjective errors of manual spraying, making the spraying process more standardized and controllable.

[0034] Please see Figure 1 As a specific implementation of the anti-interference treatment method for trees under overhead power lines provided in this application, in S3, the clamp is disassembled every two months to clean the secretions and impurities of the branches on the contact surface and spray nutrients onto the contact surface; at the same time, the deformation recovery ability of the clamped area of ​​the branches is monitored by stress sensors; when meteorological data affects the clamp, the rope is tightened in advance and the pre-shrinkage state of the braided layer in S4 is activated; the clamp includes a fixed section, a linkage section and an elastic buffer section. The fixed section fits against the branches, the linkage section is connected to the rope through a ball joint structure, and the elastic buffer section has an elastic body built in; when subjected to multi-directional forces, the linkage section adaptively deflects within a 30° range through the ball joint structure, and the elastic buffer section is simultaneously compressed or stretched; the rope is divided into a rigid section and a flexible section, which are connected by a buffer spring; when the branches are subjected to external forces, the flexible section and the buffer spring are stretched synchronously to buffer and offset the impact force. After the S3 clamp is installed and fixed, a routine maintenance mechanism is established: the clamp is disassembled every two months to thoroughly clean secretions, dust, and other impurities from the contact surface between the clamp and the branch, preventing loosening or localized pressure caused by the accumulation of impurities. At the same time, a plant nutrient agent containing amino acids and trace elements is sprayed onto the contact surface to assist in the repair of the branch bark. Simultaneously, the deformation recovery capacity of the branch clamping area is monitored in real time through the stress sensor built into the clamp. If the recovery rate is insufficient, the clamp model or clamping force is adjusted in time to ensure that long-term traction does not damage the branch. In response to extreme weather risks, after obtaining typhoon, rainstorm, and other early warning information through the meteorological data interface, the ropes connected to the clamp are tightened in advance (shortened by 10%-15%), and the shape memory alloy braided layer in S4 is activated in a pre-shrink state, forming a dual pre-treatment of clamp traction reinforcement and line active avoidance, improving wind load resistance and anti-sway capability.

[0035] The clamp structure is designed with a three-section design: a fixed section, a linkage section, and an elastic buffer section. The fixed section fits tightly against the branch surface to ensure traction stability. The linkage section connects to the rope via a ball joint structure and can adaptively deflect within a 30° range to accommodate multi-directional deformation during branch growth. The elastic buffer section incorporates a highly elastic material that compresses or stretches synchronously with the radial growth of the branch, avoiding pressure damage caused by rigid constraints. The rope uses a combination design of a rigid section, a flexible section, and a buffer spring. When the branch is subjected to external forces such as wind or collisions, the flexible section and the buffer spring stretch synchronously to effectively offset the impact force and prevent the external force from being transmitted to the branch or overhead lines, causing damage. During spraying, the laser contour scanner on the drone accurately captures the three-dimensional contour of the target area and generates coordinates. The ultrasonic ranging module dynamically adjusts the distance between the nozzle and the branch and the atomization pressure to ensure accurate and uniform application of inhibitors and nutrients.

[0036] This method of regular maintenance and nutrient spraying solves the problems of contact surface contamination and branch necrosis caused by long-term use of traditional clamps, thus extending the healthy lifespan of trees. Weather early warning and pre-processing breaks the limitations of traditional passive response to extreme weather, and early reinforcement and protection reduce the risk of branches swaying and touching overhead lines. The ball joint structure and elastic buffer section of the clamp achieve multi-directional force self-adaptation, and the buffer design of the rope further offsets the impact of external forces, avoiding branch bending, breakage, or overload of overhead lines, and greatly improving traction stability and safe distance maintenance. The structural innovation of the three-section clamp and combined rope not only ensures traction force but also adapts to the dynamic growth characteristics of trees, completely eliminating the drawbacks of traditional rigid fixing.

[0037] Please see Figure 1As a specific embodiment of the anti-interference treatment method for trees under overhead power lines provided in this application, the clamp is provided with a breathable and anti-slip coating. A humidity sensor and an infrared thermal imager are embedded in the breathable and anti-slip coating to monitor the micro-environmental humidity of the contact surface between the clamp and the branches. When the humidity is >70%, the ventilation module built into the clamp automatically starts, accelerating air circulation on the contact surface through the ventilation holes on the breathable and anti-slip coating to reduce humidity. When the humidity is <30%, the ventilation module closes, and a preset moisturizing liquid is released through the permeation holes on the edge of the clamp. The infrared thermal imager detects the lignification degree of the target branches. When the lignification degree on one side of the guiding direction is ≥70%, a shaping hoop is added to the outside of the clamp. The clamping force of the shaping hoop is 40-60% of the clamping force of the clamp. The clamp helps maintain the direction of the branches; after the branches are shaped, the shaping hoop is removed, but the clamp is retained; the breathable and non-slip coating on the clamp not only improves the stability of the clamp and avoids damage to the bark of the branches, but also innovatively embeds a humidity sensor and an infrared thermal imager: the humidity sensor monitors the micro-environment humidity of the contact surface between the clamp and the branches in real time. When the humidity is detected to be >70%, the ventilation module built into the clamp is automatically activated, and the air circulation on the contact surface is accelerated by the air holes on the coating, which quickly reduces the humidity and prevents the growth of mold in a high-humidity environment, which can lead to the rotting of the bark of the branches; when the humidity is <30%, the ventilation module is immediately shut off, and at the same time, the preset plant-specific moisturizing liquid is slowly released through the permeation holes on the edge of the clamp to maintain the appropriate humidity of the contact surface and prevent the bark of the branches from cracking due to excessive dryness.

[0038] The infrared thermal imager continuously monitors the lignification degree of the target branch. When the lignification degree on the guiding direction side is ≥70% (the branch has a certain shaping foundation but still needs to be reinforced), a shaping hoop is added to the outside of the clamp. The clamping force of the shaping hoop is controlled at 40-60% of the clamping force of the clamp. This helps the branch to maintain the preset guiding direction stably without compressing the branch due to excessive clamping force. After continuous monitoring shows that the branch guiding direction is stable and the lignification degree is completely shaped, the shaping hoop is removed, leaving only the clamp to continue to play a traction role. The basic design employing a breathable and non-slip coating solves the problems of slippage and poor air permeability in traditional clamps, reducing damage to the bark of branches and trunks. The linkage between the humidity sensor, ventilation module, and moisture release enables adaptive regulation of the microenvironment of the contact surface, avoiding problems such as high humidity rot and low humidity cracking, ensuring healthy growth of branches and trunks, and improving ecological compatibility. The infrared thermal imager monitors the degree of lignification and the precise application of the shaping hoop, dynamically adjusting the auxiliary reinforcement strategy according to the growth status of branches and trunks. This ensures that the guiding direction does not deviate and avoids branch and trunk deformities caused by excessive restraint, significantly improving the stability and long-term effectiveness of maintaining the safe distance.

[0039] Please see Figure 1As a specific implementation of the anti-interference treatment method for trees under overhead lines provided in this application, in S4, when the braided layer detects the pressure on the branches through the built-in pressure sensor and triggers contraction, the stress sensor built into the clamp synchronously receives the feedback signal, and increases the guide angle of the clamp through the micro motor, while increasing the clamping force; after the branches move away, the braided layer resets under the tension of the overhead line itself, and the clamp synchronously adjusts the guide angle and clamping force; the pressure sensor built into the shape memory alloy braided layer monitors the contact pressure between the target branches and the overhead line in real time. When the branches grow to approach or touch the overhead line and the pressure reaches the preset threshold, the braided layer immediately triggers elastic contraction, actively expanding the safe distance in the direction away from the branches. At the same time, the pressure sensor transmits the trigger signal synchronously to the built-in stress sensor of the clamp in S3; after receiving the signal, the clamp starts its own micro motor, which increases the guide angle by 5-10° to further guide the branches to grow away from the line, and increases the clamping force by 20%-30% to enhance the traction and fixing effect and prevent the branches from rebounding due to the reaction force generated by the contraction of the braided layer. Once the branches are guided away from the overhead line by the clamps and the braided layer detects that the pressure has disappeared, the braided layer automatically returns to its initial state under the tension of the overhead line itself. Simultaneously, the clamps use a micro motor to adjust the guide angle and clamping force back to the original parameters, restoring the normal traction state and ensuring that the branches continue to grow in a safe direction.

[0040] The active avoidance of the woven layer and the enhanced guidance of the clamps work together to significantly improve the stability and reliability of maintaining a safe distance. This effectively avoids the safety hazards caused by branch rebound after a single avoidance or insufficient guidance force. The dynamically adjusted guidance angle and clamping force ensure both the protective strength in dangerous situations and avoid the pressure damage to branches caused by long-term high-intensity clamping. This balances the protective effect with the health of the trees and improves ecological compatibility.

[0041] Please see Figure 1As a specific implementation of the anti-interference method for trees under overhead lines provided in this application, the same overhead line segment is divided into several avoidance sections with a length of 1-2m. When multiple avoidance sections simultaneously detect branches approaching, the braided layer is triggered to contract. When the contraction angle reaches 15°, the braided layer stops contracting and sends a warning signal through the wireless module, triggering manual verification. An insulating coating containing piezoelectric ceramic particles is coated on the surface of the braided layer. When the braided layer contracts, the piezoelectric ceramic particles generate current due to deformation, forming an electrostatic shielding layer on the surface of the insulating coating to prevent induced discharge between branches and overhead lines. At the same time, the formation status of the electrostatic shielding layer is fed back to the clamp control of S3 through the wireless module. The control module automatically increases the guiding angle by 3-5° if the electrostatic shielding layer fails to form properly. First, the same overhead line segment is divided into several independent avoidance sections of 1-2m length. Each section's braided layer is equipped with an independent detection and control unit. When multiple sections simultaneously detect branches approaching, the braided layers of each section synchronously trigger contraction, ensuring simultaneous protection of multiple risk points. Simultaneously, a 15° contraction angle overload threshold is set for the braided layer. When the contraction angle reaches this threshold, the braided layer immediately stops contracting to avoid excessive contraction leading to stress concentration on the overhead line and damage to the line structure. Furthermore, a real-time warning signal is sent via a wireless module to trigger manual verification of potential hazards, preventing automatic protection failure.

[0042] An insulating coating containing piezoelectric ceramic particles is applied to the surface of the braided layer. When the braided layer contracts due to the approach of the branch, the piezoelectric ceramic particles generate a microcurrent as the braided layer deforms, forming a uniform electrostatic shielding layer on the surface of the insulating coating. This effectively blocks the induced discharge path between the branch and the overhead line, solving the problem that traditional avoidance only increases the physical distance without preventing induced discharge. At the same time, the formation status of the electrostatic shielding layer is fed back to the clamp control module of S3 in real time via a wireless module. If the shielding layer is not formed normally (coating damage, particle failure), the clamp immediately and automatically increases the guiding angle by 3-5°, further increasing the physical distance between the branch and the overhead line. This physical protection compensates for the inadequacy of the insulation protection, forming a dual guarantee of insulation shielding and physical avoidance.

[0043] This segmented division and synchronous contraction method ensures simultaneous protection of multiple risk points while avoiding stress concentration on the line caused by contraction of a single long segment, thus extending the service life of overhead lines. The linkage between the 15° overload threshold and manual early warning balances the efficiency of automated protection with the safety of manual verification, preventing secondary hazards caused by excessive contraction or protection failure. The insulation coating containing piezoelectric ceramic particles enables synchronous triggering of contraction avoidance and electrostatic shielding, significantly improving power supply safety. The dynamic linkage between the shielding layer status and the clamps forms a closed-loop protection logic, avoiding safety loopholes caused by insulation protection defects and further enhancing the stability of the safety distance.

[0044] Please see Figure 1As a specific implementation of the method for preventing interference from trees under overhead power lines provided in this application, in step S5, temperature-sensitive expansion particles are added to the biocompatible protective film. When the ambient temperature is higher than 35℃ or the humidity is greater than 85%, the temperature-sensitive expansion particles expand, increasing the pore size of the breathable pores on the biocompatible protective film by 50%-80%; when the temperature is lower than 10℃ or the humidity is less than 40%, the temperature-sensitive expansion particles contract, reducing the pore size of the breathable pores on the biocompatible protective film by 30%-50%. When coating the biocompatible protective film in step S5, the temperature-sensitive expansion particles are uniformly mixed into the protective film substrate. After the protective film is cured, the particles and the breathable pores form a linkage. When the ambient temperature exceeds 35℃ or the humidity exceeds 85%, the temperature-sensitive expansion particles rapidly expand upon heating and moisture absorption, increasing the pore size of the protective film by 50%-80%, significantly improving air and water permeability. This prevents the bark from rotting due to poor ventilation in high-temperature and high-humidity environments, while also accelerating the discharge of rainwater and moisture, preventing the inhibitor from being excessively washed away and becoming ineffective. When the ambient temperature is below 10℃ or the humidity is below 40%, the temperature-sensitive expansion particles shrink upon cooling and drying, reducing the pore size by 30%-50%. This reduces internal moisture evaporation and heat loss, preventing the bark from cracking due to low-temperature drying and the inhibitor from becoming inactive due to excessive drying.

[0045] The use of temperature-sensitive expansion particles for dynamic adjustment creates a suitable microenvironment for branches and trunks, ensuring normal physiological metabolism of trees and improving ecological compatibility. By precisely matching environmental changes to adjust air permeability, it avoids the loss of inhibitors in high humidity environments and prevents the agent from drying and cracking in low humidity environments, significantly extending the duration of the anti-interference effect, reducing the frequency of subsequent re-spraying and maintenance, and lowering operation and maintenance costs.

[0046] Not shown in the figure, this application embodiment also provides an anti-interference system for trees under overhead lines, which includes any one of the above-mentioned anti-interference methods for trees under overhead lines.

[0047] The anti-interference system for trees under overhead power lines includes multiple processor modules, which are integrated into the control platform. The sensing unit, drone, stress sensor, and shape memory alloy braided layer are connected to the processor modules to achieve rapid response and accurate control.

[0048] The anti-interference system for trees under overhead power lines provided in this application adopts the aforementioned anti-interference method for trees under overhead power lines. While accurately controlling the growth of target risky branches, it maximizes the protection of tree crown shape and green ecology. The precise spraying of load-type inhibitors reduces environmental pollution and vegetation damage. The synergistic effect of flexible traction and shape memory alloy avoidance ensures the dynamic stability of the safe distance. The biocompatible protective film extends the duration of the anti-interference effect, significantly reduces the frequency of repetitive operations, and lowers operation and maintenance costs. It not only ensures the reliability of overhead power supply and public safety, but also achieves a harmonious coexistence of power safety and ecological protection.

[0049] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for preventing interference from trees under overhead power lines, characterized in that, Includes S1: Multiple sensing units are arranged on the overhead line, with the detection end of the sensing unit arranged close to the tree canopy to collect radial growth rate, circumferential deformation amplitude and surface humidity data of the target branches; S2: Based on the data collected in S1, the apical meristem and lateral bud areas of the target branch are located using visual positioning, and a load growth inhibitor is sprayed using a drone; S3: A clamp is used to fit the surface of the branch, and the clamp is adjusted to apply force to the branch in a direction away from the overhead line. The clamp is connected to a ground-fixed stake via a rope to form a traction structure; the stress sensor built into the clamp monitors the force generated by the branch's growth deformation; S4: A shape memory alloy braided layer is placed on the overhead line corresponding to the target branch. When the net distance between the target branch and the overhead line is at a safe critical value, the local temperature change generated by the braided layer causes elastic contraction in a direction away from the branch; S5: After the inhibitor in S2 dries, a biocompatible protective film is coated on the area where the inhibitor is sprayed and the area covered by the clamp to form a protective film.

2. The method for preventing interference to trees under overhead power lines as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the radial growth rate and circumferential deformation data collected in S1, the target branches are divided into three levels: high risk, medium risk, and low risk. The clamps in S3 have three different clamping forces, and the inhibitors in S2 have three different concentrations. At the same time, layered gradient inhibition is implemented on the target branches. High concentration inhibitors are sprayed on the apical meristem, medium concentration inhibitors are sprayed on the lateral buds in the middle and lower parts facing the overhead line, and low concentration inhibitors are sprayed on the lateral buds away from the overhead line.

3. The method for preventing interference to trees under overhead power lines as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In S1, an ultrasonic sensing module is installed on the overhead line to collect data on the density of xylem inside the branches; by cross-comparing the capacitance data and ultrasonic data, abnormal deformation data is eliminated and valid data of normal tree growth is retained; soil parameters are detected in S1 to analyze the growth data of the target branches, and according to the growth data of the target branches, a fertilizer-controlled and breathable membrane is laid around the roots of the branches or a shade net is erected above the branches and canopy.

4. The method for preventing interference to trees under overhead power lines as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S2, an inhibitor is first sprayed onto the apical meristem of the target branch and the lateral buds facing the overhead line using an ultrasonic atomizing nozzle. After an interval of 5-10 minutes, a nutrient agent is sprayed onto the lateral buds away from the overhead line and the lower and middle bark of the branch, forming a layered structure of an inhibitory layer and a nutrient layer. In S2, a drone is used for spraying, and a laser contour scanner is mounted on the drone to scan the three-dimensional contour of the apical meristem and lateral buds of the target branch in real time, generating the coordinates of the spraying area. At the same time, the distance between the nozzle and the branch surface is dynamically monitored by an ultrasonic ranging module, and the nozzle atomization pressure is automatically adjusted according to the distance.

5. The method for preventing interference to trees under overhead power lines as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, the clamp is disassembled every two months to clean the secretions and impurities from the branches on the contact surface and to spray nutrients onto the contact surface. Simultaneously, a stress sensor monitors the deformation recovery capability of the branch clamping area. When meteorological data affects the clamp, the rope is tightened in advance, and the pre-shrinkage state of the braided layer in S4 is activated. The clamp includes a fixed section, a linkage section, and an elastic buffer section. The fixed section fits snugly against the branch, the linkage section connects the rope via a ball joint structure, and the elastic buffer section contains an elastomer. When subjected to multi-directional forces, the linkage section adaptively deflects within a 30° range via the ball joint structure, and the elastic buffer section compresses or stretches synchronously. The rope is divided into a rigid section and a flexible section, which are connected by a buffer spring. When the branch is subjected to external forces, the flexible section and the buffer spring stretch synchronously to buffer and offset the impact force.

6. The method for preventing interference to trees under overhead power lines as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The clamp is equipped with a breathable and non-slip coating, in which a humidity sensor and an infrared thermal imager are embedded to monitor the micro-environmental humidity of the contact surface between the clamp and the branch. When the humidity is >70%, the ventilation module built into the clamp automatically starts, accelerating air circulation on the contact surface through the ventilation holes on the breathable and non-slip coating to reduce humidity. When the humidity is <30%, the ventilation module shuts off, and a preset moisturizing liquid is released through the permeation holes on the edge of the clamp. The infrared thermal imager detects the degree of lignification of the target branch. When the degree of lignification on the guiding direction side is ≥70%, a shaping hoop is added to the outside of the clamp. The clamping force of the shaping hoop is 40-60% of the clamping force of the clamp to help the branch maintain the guiding direction. After the branch is shaped, the shaping hoop is removed, and the clamp is retained.

7. The method for preventing interference to trees under overhead power lines as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S4, when the braided layer detects the pressure on the branch through the built-in pressure sensor and triggers contraction, the built-in stress sensor of the clamp synchronously receives the feedback signal, and increases the clamping angle through the micro motor, while increasing the clamping force; after the branch moves away, the braided layer resets under the tension of the overhead line itself, and the clamp synchronously adjusts the guiding angle and clamping force.

8. The method for preventing interference to trees under overhead power lines as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The same overhead line segment is divided into several avoidance zones with a length of 1-2m. When multiple avoidance zones simultaneously detect branches approaching, the braided layer is triggered to contract. When the contraction angle reaches 15°, the braided layer stops contracting and sends a warning signal via a wireless module, triggering manual verification. An insulating coating containing piezoelectric ceramic particles is coated on the surface of the braided layer. When the braided layer contracts, the piezoelectric ceramic particles generate current due to deformation, forming an electrostatic shielding layer on the surface of the insulating coating to prevent induced discharge between the branches and the overhead line. At the same time, the formation status of the electrostatic shielding layer is fed back to the clamp control module of S3 via a wireless module. If the electrostatic shielding layer is not formed normally, the clamp automatically increases the guiding angle by 3-5°.

9. The method for preventing interference to trees under overhead power lines as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S5, temperature-sensitive expansion particles are added to the biocompatible protective membrane. When the ambient temperature is higher than 35°C or the humidity is greater than 85%, the temperature-sensitive expansion particles expand, increasing the pore size of the breathable pores on the biocompatible protective membrane by 50%-80%. When the temperature is lower than 10°C or the humidity is less than 40%, the temperature-sensitive expansion particles contract, decreasing the pore size of the breathable pores on the biocompatible protective membrane by 30%-50%.

10. A system for preventing interference to trees under overhead power lines, characterized in that, Including the method for preventing interference to trees under overhead power lines as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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