Zero-additive selenium-rich milk production mode based on yeast selenium feeding and milk selenium regulation
By employing a two-stage approach of yeast selenium feeding and milk selenium regulation, the problems of selenium additive residue and unstable form in selenium-enriched milk production have been solved, resulting in high bioavailability selenium-enriched milk and improving product safety and dairy cow health.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-07
AI Technical Summary
Existing methods for producing selenium-enriched milk have issues such as the risk of selenium additive residues, high toxicity of inorganic selenium, low bioavailability, and unstable selenium forms, making it difficult to meet the requirements for clean labeling and high bioavailability.
A two-stage precision regulation method of yeast selenium feeding and milk selenium regulation was adopted. By adding yeast selenium to the dairy cow diet and performing low-temperature milk selenium stability treatment, the addition of exogenous selenium compounds was eliminated, and the selenium form was kept stable and the bioavailability was high.
We produce natural and safe selenium-enriched milk with stable selenium content, primarily in the form of selenomethionine, which has high bioavailability, aligns with clean label trends, and improves cow health and milk production.
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of dairy product production, and in particular to a method for producing selenium-enriched milk with zero additives based on yeast selenium feeding and milk selenium regulation. Background Technology
[0002] Selenium is an essential trace element for the human body, possessing numerous important biological functions, including enhancing the body's antioxidant capacity, improving immunity, preventing cardiovascular diseases, and inhibiting tumor development. Therefore, dietary selenium supplementation has become a significant research direction in nutrition; and milk, as an important component of the human diet, is an ideal carrier for supplementing trace elements. Developing milk products rich in organic selenium is of great significance for improving the selenium nutritional status of the population. Currently, the production of selenium-enriched milk is mainly achieved through two methods: one is by adding inorganic or organic selenium to dairy cow feed, allowing the cow's body to convert it into selenium-enriched milk; the other is by directly adding selenium compounds to milk. However, the following problems still exist:
[0003] 1. Some methods directly add selenium compounds to milk, which poses a risk of additive residues and does not conform to the development trend of clean labeling and natural foods.
[0004] 2. Inorganic selenium is highly toxic and has low bioavailability, and improper use may pose safety hazards. Studies have shown that organic selenium is less toxic and has higher bioavailability than inorganic selenium.
[0005] 3. Although some methods increase the total selenium content, the chemical form of selenium in the product is complex, making it difficult to guarantee that it exists in the form of selenoamino acids with high bioavailability.
[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a production method of zero-additive selenium-enriched milk based on yeast selenium feeding and milk selenium regulation. Summary of the Invention
[0007] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.
[0008] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to propose a method for producing selenium-enriched milk with zero additives based on yeast selenium feeding and milk selenium regulation.
[0009] To achieve the above objectives, this invention proposes a zero-addition selenium-enriched milk production method based on yeast selenium feeding and milk selenium regulation. This method is achieved through two stages of precise regulation: In the first stage, a specific dose of yeast selenium is added to the diet of lactating dairy cows to increase the content of natural organic selenium in raw milk through biotransformation; In the second stage, the stability of milk selenium is regulated at low temperatures to maintain the stability of selenium form and bioavailability in milk without adding any exogenous selenium compounds.
[0010] In addition, the above-mentioned method for producing selenium-enriched milk based on yeast selenium feeding and milk selenium regulation can also have the following additional technical features:
[0011] Specifically, the first stage includes: preparing yeast selenium feed additives, mixing them evenly with the basal diet to achieve an organic selenium content of 0.3-0.5 mg / kg of diet in the final diet; selecting healthy dairy cows in lactation period and feeding them the yeast selenium-containing diet at regular intervals every day for the entire lactation period.
[0012] Specifically, the amount of yeast selenium added is calculated at 20-30 mg of organic selenium per dairy cow per day.
[0013] Specifically, the method for preparing the yeast selenium includes: fermenting photosynthetic bacteria in a culture medium; adding inorganic selenium salt to the fermentation broth and continuing to cultivate; after the material turns dark red, it is absorbed by concentrated feed to obtain a bioactive selenium feed additive with a selenium content of 500-1200 mg / kg.
[0014] Specifically, the inorganic selenium salt is one or more combinations of sodium selenite, calcium selenite, cobalt selenite, or selenium dioxide.
[0015] Specifically, the second stage includes: collecting fresh milk produced by lactating dairy cows fed in the first stage, screening raw milk with a selenium content of 0.05-0.15 mg / L; purifying and standardizing the fat at 4-8℃; pasteurizing at 72-75℃ for 15-20 seconds, followed by rapid cooling to below 4℃; homogenizing at 50-55℃ under a pressure of 15-20 MPa; aseptically filling and storing and transporting under a cold chain at 2-6℃.
[0016] Specifically, the selenium-enriched milk produced by the method has a selenium content that is stably controlled within the range of 0.05-0.15 mg / L, wherein selenomethionine accounts for no less than 80% of the total selenium content.
[0017] Specifically, the method also includes a product quality monitoring step: regularly testing the selenium content and selenium speciation of the product, and using high performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to determine the content of different selenium speciations.
[0018] Specifically, 40 days after the start of the first stage of feeding, the content of vitamin E, zinc sulfate monohydrate, and manganese sulfate monohydrate in the feed is adjusted, and the adjusted feed is used to feed the patient until the end of lactation.
[0019] Compared with existing technologies, the technical solution provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects: The zero-additive selenium-enriched milk production method based on yeast selenium feeding and milk selenium regulation overcomes the problems of selenium additive residues, unstable selenium forms, and low product safety in traditional selenium-enriched milk production. It provides a method for producing selenium-enriched milk with zero chemical additives throughout the entire process, stable and controllable selenium content, and selenium primarily in the highly bioavailable form of selenomethionine. The resulting product aligns with the development trend of natural and safe functional dairy products and is suitable for large-scale dairy processing.
[0020] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below and are intended to explain the invention, but should not be construed as limiting the invention. Rather, the embodiments of the present invention include all variations, modifications, and equivalents falling within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
[0022] The zero-addition selenium-enriched milk production method based on yeast selenium feeding and milk selenium regulation in this invention embodiment can be achieved through two-stage precise regulation: the first stage involves adding a specific dose of yeast selenium to the diet of lactating dairy cows to increase the content of natural organic selenium in raw milk through biotransformation; the second stage involves low-temperature milk selenium stability regulation of raw milk to maintain the stability of selenium form and bioavailability in milk without adding any exogenous selenium compounds.
[0023] The first phase specifically includes the following steps:
[0024] 1) Preparation of yeast selenium feed additive: Select a yeast strain with high selenium enrichment capacity, ferment it in a culture medium containing sodium selenite, and obtain a yeast selenium product with an organic selenium content ≥2000mg / kg.
[0025] 2) Mix the yeast selenium additive prepared in step (1) evenly with the basal diet so that the organic selenium content in the final diet reaches 0.3-0.5 mg / kg of diet.
[0026] 3) Select healthy Holstein cows that are in lactation and feed them a diet containing yeast selenium at regular intervals every day for the entire lactation period to ensure that the selenium level in the cows is stable. The body will then convert inorganic selenium into organic selenium through metabolism and secrete it into the milk.
[0027] Preferably, the amount of yeast selenium added is calculated at 20-30 mg of organic selenium per cow per day. Studies have shown that this amount can maintain a high level of selenium in milk over a long period without adverse effects on the health of dairy cows.
[0028] The method for preparing the yeast selenium includes the following steps:
[0029] 1) Ferment photosynthetic bacteria in a culture medium;
[0030] 2) Add inorganic selenium salt to the fermentation broth and continue culturing;
[0031] 3) After the material turns dark red, it is absorbed by concentrated feed to obtain a bioactive selenium feed additive with a selenium content of 500-1200 mg / kg.
[0032] The inorganic selenium salt is one or more combinations of sodium selenite, calcium selenite, cobalt selenite, or selenium dioxide.
[0033] The second phase specifically includes the following steps:
[0034] 1) Collect fresh milk produced by lactating dairy cows that have undergone the first stage of feeding, test the selenium content, and screen raw milk with a selenium content of 0.05-0.15 mg / L for later use;
[0035] 2) The selected raw milk is purified and its fat is standardized at 4-8℃ to remove impurities and avoid changes in selenium form caused by high temperature.
[0036] 3) Pasteurization process is adopted, with a sterilization temperature of 72-75℃, held for 15-20 seconds, and then rapidly cooled to below 4℃ after sterilization;
[0037] 4) Homogenize at 50-55℃ with a homogenization pressure of 15-20MPa to ensure stable dispersion of milk fat while protecting the active structure of selenoamino acids.
[0038] 5) Fill under aseptic conditions and store and transport under cold chain conditions at 2-6℃ to ensure the stability of selenium form in the product.
[0039] Throughout the entire second-stage processing, no exogenous selenium compounds or other chemical additives are added, preserving the product's natural properties.
[0040] The method also includes a product quality monitoring step: regularly testing the selenium content and selenium speciation of the product, and using high performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to determine the content of different selenium speciations to ensure that the product meets quality standards.
[0041] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation of yeast selenium adopts multi-strain co-fermentation technology. By optimizing the composition of yeast fermentation culture medium, fermentation conditions and the amount of trace elements added, a high level of organic selenium in the fermentation product is obtained.
[0042] As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, selenium-enriched probiotics may also be added to the diet to exert the dual biological functions of organic selenium and probiotics. Studies have shown that selenium-enriched probiotics are more effective than sodium selenite in increasing the selenium content of whole blood, colostrum and regular milk, and have better effects in improving the antioxidant capacity of dairy cows and reducing the content of malondialdehyde in plasma.
[0043] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, after feeding selenium-enriched yeast for 40 days, the content of nutrients such as vitamin E and zinc in the diet can be adjusted according to the physiological state of the dairy cows to synergistically improve the conversion efficiency of selenium. Studies have shown that adding selenium-enriched probiotics to the diet can increase the average daily milk yield in the first three months of lactation, significantly higher than that of the sodium selenite group.
[0044] In summary, the present invention provides a zero-addition selenium-enriched milk production method based on yeast selenium feeding and milk selenium regulation. This invention adds yeast selenium to dairy cow feed, utilizing the dairy cow's own physiological metabolic function to convert inorganic selenium into organic selenium, thereby achieving the bioaccumulation of selenium.
[0045] Throughout the entire production process, no exogenous selenium compounds or other chemical additives are directly added to the milk. The resulting selenium-enriched milk is a natural functional food, which aligns with the current market trend of consumers seeking clean labels and additive-free foods. Compared with inorganic selenium, organic selenium has lower toxicity and higher bioavailability.
[0046] Selenium in yeast mainly exists in the form of selenomethionine. After dairy cows consume it, selenomethionine can be directly absorbed and utilized, or converted into other selenoproteins and eventually secreted into milk.
[0047] This invention protects these active ingredients through a low-temperature process, ensuring that selenomethionine accounts for more than 80% of the total selenium content in the product, significantly improving its nutritional value. It achieves selenium content stability through two-stage precise control: the first stage involves precisely controlling the amount of yeast selenium added and the feeding cycle to keep the selenium content of the raw milk stable within the target range; the second stage involves rigorous quality screening and monitoring to ensure that the selenium content of the final product meets standards. Studies have shown that feeding dairy cows with yeast selenium can significantly increase the selenium content in whole blood and normal milk, with better effects than sodium selenite. Yeast selenium not only increases the selenium content in milk but also enhances the antioxidant capacity and immunity of dairy cows, reduces somatic cell count in milk, and reduces the incidence of diseases such as mastitis. Research also shows that adding selenium-enriched probiotics to the diet can significantly reduce malondialdehyde levels in dairy cow plasma and significantly increase glutathione peroxidase activity in erythrocytes, indicating enhanced antioxidant capacity.
[0048] Meanwhile, milk production has also increased significantly, with the average daily milk production increasing during the first three months of lactation; the preparation process for yeast selenium additives is mature and compatible with existing feed production lines; the low-temperature processing technology can be achieved by optimizing parameters on existing dairy processing equipment, and the product quality control methods are reliable.
[0049] Therefore, the technology of this invention has good prospects for large-scale application. By utilizing yeast selenium bioconversion technology, the use and emission of inorganic selenium can be reduced, which is beneficial to environmental protection.
[0050] At the same time, by improving the health of dairy cows and reducing the use of veterinary drugs, we can promote the development of green and healthy farming.
[0051] In the description of this specification, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0052] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.
[0053] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for producing selenium-enriched milk with zero additives based on yeast selenium feeding and milk selenium regulation, characterized in that, Achieve this through two stages of precise regulation: In the first stage, a specific dose of yeast selenium was added to the diet of lactating dairy cows to increase the content of natural organic selenium in raw milk through biotransformation. The second stage involves low-temperature selenium stability regulation of raw milk to maintain the stability of selenium form and bioavailability in milk without adding any exogenous selenium compounds.
2. The method for producing zero-addition selenium-enriched milk based on yeast selenium feeding and milk selenium regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first stage specifically includes: preparing yeast selenium feed additives, mixing them evenly with the basal diet, so that the organic selenium content in the final diet reaches 0.3-0.5 mg / kg of diet; selecting healthy dairy cows in lactation period, and feeding them the yeast selenium-containing diet at regular intervals every day for the entire lactation period.
3. The method for producing zero-addition selenium-enriched milk based on yeast selenium feeding and milk selenium regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amount of yeast selenium added is calculated as 20-30 mg of organic selenium per dairy cow per day.
4. The method for producing zero-addition selenium-enriched milk based on yeast selenium feeding and milk selenium regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for preparing the yeast selenium includes: fermenting photosynthetic bacteria in a culture medium; adding inorganic selenium salt to the fermentation broth and continuing to cultivate; after the material turns dark red, it is absorbed by concentrated feed to obtain a bioactive selenium feed additive with a selenium content of 500-1200 mg / kg.
5. The method for producing zero-addition selenium-enriched milk based on yeast selenium feeding and milk selenium regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inorganic selenium salt is one or more combinations of sodium selenite, calcium selenite, cobalt selenite, or selenium dioxide.
6. The method for producing zero-additive selenium-enriched milk based on yeast selenium feeding and milk selenium regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second stage specifically includes: collecting fresh milk produced by lactating dairy cows fed in the first stage, screening raw milk with a selenium content of 0.05-0.15 mg / L; purifying and standardizing the fat at 4-8℃; using pasteurization at 72-75℃ for 15-20 seconds, followed by rapid cooling to below 4℃; homogenizing at 50-55℃ under a pressure of 15-20 MPa; aseptically filling and storing and transporting under a cold chain at 2-6℃.
7. The method for producing zero-additive selenium-enriched milk based on yeast selenium feeding and milk selenium regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The selenium-enriched milk produced by the method has a selenium content that is stably controlled within the range of 0.05-0.15 mg / L, and the proportion of selenomethionine in the total selenium content is not less than 80%.
8. The method for producing zero-additive selenium-enriched milk based on yeast selenium feeding and milk selenium regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method also includes a product quality monitoring step: regularly testing the selenium content and selenium speciation of the product, and using high performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to determine the content of different selenium speciations.
9. The method for producing zero-additive selenium-enriched milk based on yeast selenium feeding and milk selenium regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Forty days after the start of the first stage of feeding, the content of vitamin E, zinc sulfate monohydrate, and manganese sulfate monohydrate in the feed was adjusted, and the feed was fed until the end of lactation.