Diamond multi-surface laser cutting device and surface turning method

Abstract

The invention relates to a diamond multi-surface laser cutting device and a surface turning method.The diamond multi-surface laser cutting device comprises a cutting machine base, a surface turning mechanism is arranged at the top of the cutting machine base and comprises an L-shaped support, a driving part is arranged in the L-shaped support, threaded sleeves are arranged at the two output ends of the driving part correspondingly, and the other ends of the threaded sleeves are rotationally connected with a mounting frame; a self-rotation motor is arranged in the mounting frame, a negative pressure part is arranged at the output end of the self-rotation motor, a plurality of fixing parts are arranged at the front end of the negative pressure part, each fixing part comprises an adsorption barrel, a movable plug and a sliding ring are slidably connected into each adsorption barrel, and a grabbing head is fixedly connected to the other end of each movable plug. And a reset spring is arranged between the other end of the movable plug and the inner wall of the adsorption cylinder. Turnover can be completed without manual intervention, continuous operation of multi-face cutting is guaranteed, errors caused by manual turnover are avoided, the machining efficiency and cutting face precision of diamond multi-face cutting are effectively improved, and fine cutting requirements in different axial directions are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of diamond laser cutting technology, specifically to a diamond multi-faceted laser cutting device and a facet-turning method. Background Technology

[0002] Diamonds, with their exceptional hardness, excellent thermal conductivity, and optical properties, are widely used in high-end fields such as jewelry manufacturing, semiconductor device production, and precision instrument components. The quality of their cutting directly determines the product's optical performance, mechanical stability, and market value. In actual production, multi-axial, multi-plane precision cutting is required to optimize the diamond's luster, structural accuracy, and functional adaptability, meeting the stringent performance and appearance requirements of different scenarios. Therefore, precise multi-faceted diamond cutting has become a core technological requirement in the industry.

[0003] Currently, non-multi-faceted diamond cutting equipment on the market mainly includes traditional mechanical cutting equipment and single-direction laser cutting equipment. Traditional mechanical cutting equipment relies on tools such as cleavers and diamond saws to apply mechanical force to achieve cutting. During operation, the diamond raw material needs to be manually fixed on the worktable. After completing the cutting of a single plane, the diamond is manually removed, the placement angle is adjusted, and it is re-clamped before processing the next plane. Single-direction laser cutting equipment clamps the diamond with a fixed fixture and uses the high energy density of the laser beam to complete the cutting of a single axis. It also requires manual intervention to switch between processing different planes.

[0004] However, manual flipping and secondary clamping interrupt the workflow, resulting in low processing efficiency. Furthermore, manual operation can easily introduce positioning errors, affecting the accuracy of the cut surface and the consistency of multiple facets. Some simple flipping structures lack precise locking and sealing designs, making it easy for diamonds to shift during the switching process. At the same time, mechanical stress can easily cause damage such as microcracks and chipping in the diamonds. The device can only be adapted to cutting in a single direction and cannot achieve automated switching across multiple axes, making it difficult to meet the multi-faceted cutting requirements in high-precision scenarios and limiting its application in high-end processing fields. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a diamond multi-faceted laser cutting device and a facet-turning method, which aims to improve the problem that some cutting devices in the prior art cannot achieve automated switching of multiple axes and thus cannot meet the multi-faceted cutting requirements in high-precision scenarios.

[0006] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a diamond multi-faceted laser cutting device and a face-turning method, comprising a cutting machine base, a face-turning mechanism provided on the top of the cutting machine base, the face-turning mechanism comprising an L-shaped support, a driving component provided inside the L-shaped support, threaded sleeves provided at both output ends of the driving component, and a mounting frame rotatably connected to the other end of the threaded sleeves, a self-rotating motor provided inside the mounting frame, a negative pressure component provided at the output end of the self-rotating motor, and multiple fixing components provided at the front end of the negative pressure component; The fixing component includes an adsorption cylinder, inside which a movable plug and a sliding ring are slidably connected. The other end of the movable plug is fixedly connected to a gripping head, and a return spring is provided between the other end of the movable plug and the inner wall of the adsorption cylinder. A driving membrane is provided inside the sliding ring. A piston plate is slidably connected inside the movable plug, and a connecting rod is fixedly connected between the piston plate and the sliding ring. The connecting rod is slidably connected inside the movable plug.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: The driving component includes a drive motor installed on the outside of the L-shaped support. The L-shaped support has an internal cavity. The output end of the drive motor is fixedly connected to a main shaft. The other end of the main shaft is connected to the rear end of the threaded sleeve at the horizontal end of the L-shaped support, and a bevel gear transmission group is provided to mesh with each other. The outside of the main shaft is connected to the rear end of the threaded sleeve at the vertical end of the L-shaped support, and a belt pulley transmission group is provided. As a further description of the above technical solution: The driving component also includes a mounting plate fixedly installed on the outside of the mounting bracket. A connecting plate is fixedly connected to the outside of the mounting plate, and a locking post is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting plate. Both locking posts have locking grooves on their outer sides, and the shape of the locking grooves is the same as half of the cross-sectional shape of the locking post. The two locking posts are slidably connected to each other through the locking grooves. As a further description of the above technical solution: The negative pressure component includes an air pump and a negative pressure box that are fixedly installed on the top of the L-shaped support. Both output ends of the air pump are provided with air supply pipes. The other ends of the two air supply pipes are respectively sealed and connected to both sides of the negative pressure box. Two limiting grooves are opened on the outside of the negative pressure box. A sealing plate is slidably connected inside the limiting grooves, and an elastic plate is provided at one end of the sealing plate. As a further description of the above technical solution: The negative pressure component also includes a rotating seat fixedly connected to the output end of the self-rotating motor, and the adsorption cylinder is installed inside the rotating seat. A sealing disc is rotatably connected to the outside of the rotating seat. One side of the sealing disc is fixedly installed on the outer shell of the self-rotating motor, and the output end of the self-rotating motor is rotatably connected to the middle of the sealing disc. A suction tube is fixedly connected to the outside of the sealing disc. The other end of the suction tube is slidably connected inside the limiting groove, and the outside of the suction tube is fixedly connected to one end of the sealing plate. As a further description of the above technical solution: The two base plates of the rotating seat form a ventilation cavity between the sealing disk and the two base plates, and multiple connecting shafts are provided between the two base plates. A pressurization channel is provided at the position corresponding to the opening of the adsorption cylinder on one of the base plates. As a further description of the above technical solution: The top of the cutting machine base is provided with a CNC coordinate slide rail, and the output end of the CNC coordinate slide rail is provided with a laser cutting blade; A method for turning facets in diamond multi-faceted laser cutting, applicable to any of the diamond multi-faceted laser cutting devices described above, comprising the following steps: S1. Initial material preparation: In the initial state, the horizontal threaded sleeve is unfolded and the vertical end is retracted. The horizontal end tube corresponds to the opening of the negative pressure box, and the vertical end tube is staggered. The diamond raw material is placed on the horizontal end gripper head. The gripper head is squeezed and retracts adaptively, which drives the movable plug and sliding ring to move synchronously and automatically adapt to the shape of the diamond, laying the groundwork for subsequent fixing operations. S2. Suction Positioning: Turn on the air pump, its operation creates negative pressure in the negative pressure box and transmits it to the suction cylinder, driving the membrane deformation to separate the sliding ring and the movable plug. The piston plate moves relative to the movable plug, allowing the gripping head to create negative pressure suction to hold the diamond; then start the self-rotating motor and laser cutting blade to cut the diamond in the X-axis direction; S3. Drive switching: After the X-axis cutting is completed, start the drive motor, which drives the main shaft to rotate. Through the bevel gear and belt pulley transmission group, the two threaded sleeves rotate in opposite directions. Because the locking grooves of the locking pins are misaligned, only the vertical locking pin can slide horizontally. The vertical threaded sleeve unfolds, the horizontal sleeve rotates at the end of the mounting bracket, and the vertical end tube moves synchronously toward the opening of the negative pressure box. S4. Vertical Adsorption: The vertical gripping head unfolds with the threaded sleeve and fits tightly against the surface of the diamond. Its suction tube gradually aligns with the opening of the negative pressure box, generating negative pressure suction to hold the diamond in place. This continues until the vertical locking post abuts against the mounting bracket. At this point, the locking slots of the two locking posts are aligned, the horizontal locking post is unlocked, and the diamond is initially switched to the vertical end for fixation. S5. Horizontal Reset: The drive motor continues to run, causing the horizontal end threaded sleeve to retract, its corresponding locking pin to move down, the tube gradually offsets the opening of the negative pressure box, the sealing plate maintains the seal, the pressure of the horizontal end adsorption cylinder is restored, the gripping head resets and releases the diamond, and the horizontal end flipping mechanism descends synchronously. S6. Y-axis cutting: After the diamond is firmly fixed by the vertical end gripper, the corresponding rotation motor on the vertical end is started, which drives the diamond to rotate. The laser cutting blade then precisely cuts the diamond along the Y-axis, ultimately completing the multi-faceted cutting of the diamond raw material.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: 1. Through the threaded sleeves at the horizontal and vertical ends of the L-shaped support, the main rotating shaft driven by the drive motor, the bevel gear transmission group, and the belt pulley transmission group, in conjunction with the locking groove interlocking structure of the locking pin and the sealing adaptation structure of the tube extraction and negative pressure box, the self-rotating motor and the laser cutting blade work together to achieve automated and precise switching of diamond multi-faceted cutting. After X-axis cutting is completed, the drive mechanism drives the threaded sleeve to rotate in the reverse direction, and the locking pin gradually unlocks and positions itself, simultaneously realizing the switching of the tube extraction and negative pressure box. This allows the diamond to be smoothly transferred from the horizontal end gripper to the vertical end gripper without manual intervention, ensuring continuous operation of multi-faceted cutting and avoiding errors caused by manual flipping. This effectively improves the processing efficiency and cutting accuracy of diamond multi-faceted cutting, adapting to the fine cutting needs in different axes.

[0009] 2. Through the linkage structure of the gripping head, movable plug, and sliding ring, combined with the elastic extension and retraction of the return spring, and the negative pressure linkage structure of the driving membrane and piston plate inside the adsorption cylinder, multiple gripping heads adaptively conform to the surface of the diamond raw material: when the diamond is placed, the gripping head is squeezed, causing it to drive the movable plug and sliding ring to retract synchronously, automatically adapting to the shape contour of the diamond, breaking the limitation of a single fixed structure in adapting to irregularly shaped diamonds; subsequently, the air pump drives the negative pressure box to form negative pressure, which is transmitted to the adsorption cylinder and drives the membrane to deform, causing the piston plate to move, so that the gripping head part forms a precise negative pressure suction, which not only achieves a tight fit to diamonds of different shapes, but also avoids damage to the diamond surface caused by rigid clamping, greatly improving the adaptability and stability of diamond raw material fixation, and ensuring the positional stability of the diamond during the cutting process. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main body of an embodiment of a diamond multi-faceted laser cutting device and faceting method proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the flipping mechanism of a diamond multi-faceted laser cutting device and face-turning method proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a threaded sleeve for a diamond multi-faceted laser cutting device and faceting method proposed in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the negative pressure component of a diamond multi-faceted laser cutting device and facet turning method proposed in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing component of the diamond multi-faceted laser cutting device and facet turning method proposed in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the negative pressure box structure of the diamond multi-faceted laser cutting device and facet turning method proposed in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the driving component of the diamond multi-faceted laser cutting device and facet turning method proposed in this invention; Figure 8 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0011] Labeling Explanation: 1. Cutting machine base; 2. Flipping mechanism; 21. L-shaped support; 22. Driving component; 221. Inner cavity; 222. Drive motor; 223. Main shaft; 224. Bevel gear transmission assembly; 225. Belt pulley transmission assembly; 226. Mounting plate; 227. Connecting plate; 228. Locking pin; 23. Threaded sleeve; 24. Mounting bracket; 25. Self-rotating motor; 26. Negative pressure component; 261. Air pump; 2 62. Gas supply pipe; 263. Negative pressure box; 264. Sealing plate; 265. Elastic plate; 266. Extraction pipe; 267. Sealing disc; 268. Rotating seat; 27. Fixing component; 271. Adsorption cylinder; 272. Movable plug; 273. Gripping head; 274. Return spring; 275. Sliding ring; 276. Drive diaphragm; 277. Piston plate; 278. Connecting rod; 3. CNC coordinate slide rail; 4. Laser cutting blade. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: like Figures 1 to 8 The diagram shows an embodiment of a diamond multi-faceted laser cutting device and facet turning method provided by the present invention. The device includes a cutting base 1, which serves as the basic supporting structure for the device, providing a stable mounting platform for components such as the facet turning mechanism 2 and the CNC coordinate slide rail 3, ensuring the overall structural stability of the device. The top of the cutting base 1 is equipped with the facet turning mechanism 2, enabling automatic facet turning of the diamond raw material during the cutting process, switching between X-axis and Y-axis cutting positions, and supporting continuous multi-faceted cutting operations. The top of the cutting base 1 is equipped with the CNC coordinate slide rail 3, which drives the laser cutting blade 4 to move precisely in three-dimensional space to adapt to the cutting position requirements of different parts of the diamond, ensuring the accuracy of the cutting path. Furthermore, the output end of the CNC coordinate slide rail 3 is equipped with the laser cutting blade 4, which precisely cuts the diamond raw material, completing multi-faceted cutting in the X-axis and Y-axis directions to achieve fine shaping of the diamond facets.

[0013] The flipping mechanism 2 includes an L-shaped support, providing a dual-position mounting base for both horizontal and vertical ends. The unfolding and retracting layout of the threaded sleeve 23 accommodates cutting requirements along different axes. The L-shaped support houses a drive unit 22, providing power to the two threaded sleeves 23 to adjust the position of the mounting bracket 24 and unlock the locking pin 228. Both output ends of the drive unit 22 are equipped with threaded sleeves 23, which, through rotation, unfold or retract the mounting bracket 24, adjusting the relative position of the fixing member 27 and the diamond material to ensure precise contact of the gripping head 273. The other end of the threaded sleeve 23 is rotatably connected to a mounting... The mounting frame 24 provides a stable mounting carrier for the self-rotating motor 25, ensuring the structural stability of the self-rotating motor 25 during operation. The self-rotating motor 25 is installed inside the mounting frame 24, which drives the negative pressure component 26 and the fixing component 27 to rotate synchronously, so that the diamond material rotates together with the laser cutting blade 4 to complete circumferential cutting. The output end of the self-rotating motor 25 is provided with a negative pressure component 26, which provides negative pressure power to the fixing component 27 to realize the adsorption, fixation and release of the diamond material by the gripping head 273. The front end of the negative pressure component 26 is provided with multiple fixing components 27 to achieve adaptive fitting and negative pressure adsorption of the diamond material, ensuring the positional stability of the diamond during the cutting process.

[0014] The fixing component 27 includes an adsorption cylinder 271, which provides installation space for components such as the movable plug 272 and the sliding ring 275, transmitting negative pressure to the gripping head 273 to form an adsorption environment. The movable plug 272 and the sliding ring 275 are slidably connected inside the adsorption cylinder 271. The movable plug 272 drives the gripping head 273 to move, and the movement of the sliding ring 275 achieves negative pressure formation at the gripping head 273 to ensure the adsorption effect. The sliding ring 275, in conjunction with the deformation of the driving membrane 276, drives the piston plate 277 to move via the connecting rod 278, participating in the formation of negative pressure suction at the gripping head 273. The other end of the movable plug 272 is fixedly connected to the gripping head 273, directly contacting the diamond raw material to achieve adaptive fitting and negative pressure adsorption, avoiding damage to the diamond surface caused by rigid clamping. The other end of the movable plug 272 is also connected to the adsorption cylinder 271. A return spring 274 is provided between the walls to provide elastic extension force so that the gripping head 273 returns to its original position when there is no pressure and retracts adaptively to fit the shape of the diamond when pressure is applied. A drive membrane 276 is provided inside the sliding ring 275. Under negative pressure, the membrane deforms and causes the sliding ring 275 to separate from the movable plug 272, triggering the relative movement of the piston plate 277. The piston plate 277 is slidably connected inside the movable plug 272. The relative movement inside the movable plug 272 creates a negative pressure suction at the gripping head 273, enhancing the adsorption stability of the diamond raw material. A connecting rod 278 is fixedly connected between the piston plate 277 and the sliding ring 275, connecting the sliding ring 275 and the piston plate 277 and transmitting the movement of the sliding ring 275 to the piston plate 277 to ensure the linkage effect between the two. The connecting rod 278 is slidably connected inside the movable plug 272.

[0015] The driving component 22 includes a drive motor 222 mounted on the outside of the L-shaped support, which provides power to drive the main shaft 223 to rotate, thus achieving synchronous operation of the transmission group. The L-shaped support has an inner cavity 221, which provides installation space for components such as the main shaft 223 of the driving component 22 and the bevel gear transmission group 224, ensuring structural stability during transmission. The output end of the drive motor 222 is fixedly connected to the main shaft 223, transmitting the power of the drive motor 222 to the bevel gear transmission group 224 and the pulley transmission group 225 to achieve dual operation. The synchronous power input of the transmission group is achieved by connecting the other end of the main shaft 223 to the threaded sleeve 23 at the horizontal end of the L-shaped support, which is rotatably connected to the rear end of the threaded sleeve 23. The meshing bevel gear transmission group 224 changes the direction of power transmission, causing the threaded sleeve 23 at the horizontal end of the L-shaped support to rotate, thereby adjusting the position of the horizontal end work station. The outer side of the main shaft 223 is connected to the rear end of the threaded sleeve 23 at the vertical end of the L-shaped support, which is connected to the rear end of the threaded sleeve 23 at the vertical end of the L-shaped support. The power is transmitted to the threaded sleeve 23 at the vertical end of the L-shaped support, thereby achieving synchronous reverse operation of the two threaded sleeves 23.

[0016] The driving component 22 also includes a mounting plate 226 fixedly installed on the outside of the mounting bracket 24, providing a mounting base for the connecting plate 227. The mounting plate 226 is fixedly connected to the outside of the mounting bracket 24 to ensure the structural stability of the connecting plate 227. The mounting plate 226 is connected to the connecting plate 227 on the outside. The connecting plate 226 and the locking post 228 transmit the movement of the mounting bracket 24 to the locking post 228 to realize the position adjustment of the locking post 228. The other end of the connecting plate 227 is fixedly connected to the locking post 228. The locking grooves cooperate to unlock and lock the mounting bracket 24 and control the movement state of the threaded sleeve 23. The outer sides of the two locking posts 228 are provided with locking grooves, and the shape of the locking grooves is the same as half of the cross-sectional shape of the locking post 228. The matching with half of the cross-sectional shape of the locking post 228 realizes the sliding connection and interlocking of the two locking posts 228 to ensure accurate positioning during the rotation process. The two locking posts 228 are slidably connected to each other through the locking grooves.

[0017] The negative pressure component 26 includes a vacuum pump 261 and a negative pressure box 263 fixedly installed on the top of the L-shaped support. The vacuum pump 261 provides negative pressure power to the negative pressure box 263, creating a negative pressure environment inside the box 263 to provide power for adsorption and fixation. The negative pressure stored in the negative pressure box 263 is transmitted to the adsorption cylinder 271 through the suction pipe 266 to provide negative pressure for the adsorption of the gripping head 273. Both output ends of the vacuum pump 261 are equipped with air supply pipes 262, which connect the vacuum pump 261 and the negative pressure box 263 to transmit negative pressure power and ensure the formation of a negative pressure environment inside the box 263. The other ends of the two air supply pipes 262 are respectively sealed. The sealing plate 264 is connected to both sides of the negative pressure box 263. Two limiting grooves are opened on the outer side of the negative pressure box 263 to provide sliding space for the sealing plate 264, limit the movement trajectory of the sealing plate 264 and ensure the sliding stability of the sealing plate 264. The sealing plate 264 is slidably connected inside the limiting groove, and an elastic plate 265 is provided at one end of the sealing plate 264. The sealing plate 264 seals the opening of the negative pressure box 263 to ensure the sealing of the misaligned parts and prevent negative pressure leakage. The elastic plate 265 provides elastic support for the sealing plate 264 so that the sealing plate 264 maintains a sealed state when there is no external force, ensuring the sealing of the negative pressure box 263.

[0018] The negative pressure component 26 also includes a rotating seat 268 fixedly connected to the output end of the self-rotating motor 25, providing an installation position for the adsorption cylinder 271, driving the adsorption cylinder 271 and the diamond raw material to rotate, and simultaneously cooperating with the sealing disc 267 to form a ventilation cavity. The adsorption cylinder 271 is installed inside the rotating seat 268, and the sealing disc 267 is rotatably connected to the outside of the rotating seat 268, cooperating with the rotating seat 268 to form a ventilation cavity to ensure stable transmission of negative pressure and simultaneously seal the output end of the self-rotating motor 25. The two rotating seats 268... A ventilation cavity is formed between the substrate and the sealing disk 267, which transmits the negative pressure of the negative pressure box 263 to the adsorption cylinder 271 to provide a negative pressure channel for the adsorption of the gripping head 273. Multiple connecting shafts are provided between the two substrates, and the two substrates connecting the rotating seat 268 ensure the structural stability of the rotating seat 268 and prevent structural deformation during rotation. A pressurization channel is opened at the position corresponding to the opening of the adsorption cylinder 271 on one of the substrates, and a small amount of positive pressure gas is introduced to restore the normal pressure in the adsorption cylinder 271, thereby realizing the reset and release of the gripping head 273. One side of the sealing disc 267 is fixedly installed on the housing of the self-rotating motor 25, and the output end of the self-rotating motor 25 is rotatably connected to the middle of the sealing disc 267. A suction tube 266 is fixedly connected to the outside of the sealing disc 267, which connects the sealing disc 267 and the negative pressure box 263 to transmit negative pressure and drive the sealing plate 264 to slide to realize the switching of the negative pressure channel. The other end of the suction tube 266 is slidably connected inside the limiting groove, and the outside of the suction tube 266 is fixedly connected to one end of the sealing plate 264.

[0019] A method for facet turning in diamond multifaceted laser cutting, applicable to the aforementioned diamond multifaceted laser cutting apparatus, comprising the following steps: S1. Initial material preparation: In the initial state, the horizontal threaded sleeve 23 is unfolded and the vertical end is retracted. The horizontal end tube 266 corresponds to the opening of the negative pressure box 263, and the vertical end tube 266 is staggered. The diamond raw material is placed on the horizontal end gripper head 273. The gripper head 273 is squeezed and retracts adaptively, which drives the movable plug 272 and the sliding ring 275 to move synchronously, automatically adapting to the shape of the diamond, and laying the groundwork for subsequent fixing operations. S2. Suction Positioning: Turn on the vacuum pump 261, which creates negative pressure in the negative pressure box 263 and transmits it to the suction cylinder 271. The driving membrane 276 deforms, causing the sliding ring 275 to separate from the movable plug 272. The piston plate 277 moves relative to the movable plug 272, allowing the gripping head 273 to create negative pressure suction to hold the diamond. Then, start the self-rotating motor 25 and the laser cutting blade 4 to cut the diamond in the X-axis direction. S3. Drive switching: After the X-axis cutting is completed, the drive motor 222 is started, which drives the main rotating shaft 223 to rotate. Through the bevel gear and belt pulley transmission group 225, the two threaded sleeves 23 rotate in opposite directions. Because the locking grooves of the locking pins 228 are misaligned, only the vertical locking pins 228 can slide horizontally. The vertical threaded sleeves 23 unfold, and the horizontal sleeves rotate at the end of the mounting bracket 24. The vertical tube 266 moves synchronously toward the opening of the negative pressure box 263. S4. Vertical adsorption: The vertical end gripping head 273 unfolds with the threaded sleeve 23 and fits tightly against the surface of the diamond. Its suction tube 266 gradually aligns with the opening of the negative pressure box 263, generating negative pressure suction to hold the diamond. Until the vertical end locking post 228 abuts against the mounting bracket 24, the locking grooves of the two locking posts 228 are aligned, the horizontal end locking post 228 is unlocked, and the diamond is initially switched to the vertical end for fixation. S5. Horizontal Reset: The drive motor 222 continues to run, causing the horizontal end threaded sleeve 23 to retract, its corresponding locking pin 228 to move down, the suction tube 266 gradually offsets the opening of the negative pressure box 263, the sealing plate 264 maintains the seal, the pressure of the horizontal end adsorption cylinder 271 is restored, the gripping head 273 resets and releases the diamond, and the horizontal end flipping mechanism 2 descends synchronously. S6. Y-axis cutting: After the diamond is completely and securely fixed by the vertical end gripper 273, the corresponding vertical end rotation motor 25 is started to drive the diamond to rotate. The laser cutting blade 4 then precisely cuts the diamond's Y-axis portion, ultimately completing the multi-faceted cutting operation of the diamond raw material.

[0020] Working principle: Initially, the threaded sleeve 23 on the horizontal end of the L-shaped support 21 is in the extended state, while the threaded sleeve 23 on the vertical end is in the retracted state. The extraction tube 266 on the horizontal end of the L-shaped support 21 corresponds to the opening on the negative pressure box 263, while the extraction tube 266 on the vertical end of the L-shaped support 21 is offset from the opening on the negative pressure box 263. The sealing plate 264 ensures a tight seal at the offset portion. When the diamond material is placed on the gripping head 273 on the horizontal end of the L-shaped support 21, the gripping head 273 retracts under pressure, stretching the return spring 274. Simultaneously, this causes the movable plug 272 and the sliding ring 275 to move synchronously away from the diamond material. The movement allows multiple gripping heads 273 to automatically adapt to the shape of the diamond material, which helps to further fix it. Then, the vacuum pump 261 is turned on, and the operation of the vacuum pump 261 creates a negative pressure in the negative pressure box 263, which is then transmitted to the adsorption cylinder 271. This causes the drive membrane 276 to deform, causing the sliding ring 275 to separate from the movable plug 272. This causes the piston plate 277 to move relative to the movable plug 272. The movement of the piston plate 277 creates a negative pressure suction at the gripping head 273, which tightly holds the entire diamond material. At this time, the laser cutting blade 4 and the self-rotating motor 25 corresponding to the horizontal end of the L-shaped support 21 can be turned on to cut the diamond material in the X-axis direction.

[0021] After the X-axis cutting is completed, the drive motor 222 is turned on. The drive motor 222 drives the main shaft 223 to rotate, which in turn moves synchronously through the bevel gear transmission group 224 and the belt pulley transmission group 225, causing the two threaded sleeves 23 to rotate in opposite directions. However, since the locking grooves on the two locking pins 228 are misaligned at this time, only the locking pin 228 corresponding to the vertical end of the L-shaped support 21 can slide horizontally, thereby causing the threaded sleeve 23 at the vertical end of the L-shaped support 21 to unfold, and the L-shaped support 21... 1. The threaded sleeve 23 at the horizontal end rotates at the end of the mounting bracket 24. During the movement, the pull tube 266 corresponding to the vertical end of the L-shaped support 21 moves synchronously, gradually aligning with the top opening of the negative pressure box 263. This causes the gripping head 273 corresponding to the vertical end of the L-shaped support 21 to gradually press against the surface of the diamond material, generating suction and holding the diamond material until the locking pin 228 corresponding to the vertical end of the L-shaped support 21 abuts against the mounting bracket 24 at the other end, i.e., the locking pin 228 corresponding to the vertical end of the L-shaped support 21 is engaged. When the fixed column 228 reaches its final position, the locking grooves on the two locking columns 228 align, causing the horizontal end of the L-shaped support 21 to unlock the corresponding locking column 228. At this time, the drive motor 222 continues to rotate, causing the threaded sleeve 23 corresponding to the horizontal end of the L-shaped support 21 to retract, causing its corresponding locking column 228 to move downward. The vertical end of the L-shaped support 21 corresponding to the locking column 228 remains stationary, and the pull tube 266 corresponding to the horizontal end of the L-shaped support 21 gradually shifts away from the external opening of the negative pressure box 263, while the sealing plate 264 constantly ensures... The sealing ensures that the pressure in the suction tube 266 and suction cylinder 271 corresponding to the horizontal end of the L-shaped support 21 returns to normal, the gripping head 273 resets, and the diamond material is released. The flipping mechanism 2 at the horizontal end of the entire L-shaped support 21 descends, so that the diamond material is completely fixed and gripped by the flipping mechanism 2 at the vertical end of the L-shaped support 21. Then, the self-rotating motor 25 at the vertical end of the L-shaped support 21 is turned on, so that the laser cutting blade 4 can cut the Y-axis part of the diamond material, thereby completing the multi-faceted cutting of the entire diamond material.

Claims

1. A diamond multi-faceted laser cutting device, comprising a cutting base (1), characterized in that: The top of the cutting machine base (1) is provided with a flipping mechanism (2). The flipping mechanism (2) includes an L-shaped support (21). The L-shaped support (21) is provided with a driving component (22). Both output ends of the driving component (22) are provided with threaded sleeves (23). The other end of the threaded sleeves (23) is rotatably connected to a mounting bracket (24). The mounting bracket (24) is provided with a self-rotating motor (25). The output end of the self-rotating motor (25) is provided with a negative pressure component (26). The front end of the negative pressure component (26) is provided with multiple fixing components (27). The fixing component (27) includes an adsorption cylinder (271), with a movable plug (272) and a sliding ring (275) slidably connected inside the adsorption cylinder (271). A gripping head (273) is fixedly connected to the other end of the movable plug (272), and a reset spring (274) is provided between the other end of the movable plug (272) and the inner wall of the adsorption cylinder (271). A driving membrane (276) is provided inside the sliding ring (275), and a piston plate (277) is slidably connected inside the movable plug (272). A connecting rod (278) is fixedly connected between the piston plate (277) and the sliding ring (275), and the connecting rod (278) is slidably connected inside the movable plug (272).

2. The diamond multi-faceted laser cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving component (22) includes a drive motor (222) installed on the outside of the L-shaped support (21). The L-shaped support (21) has an inner cavity (221). The output end of the drive motor (222) is fixedly connected to a main shaft (223). The other end of the main shaft (223) is connected to the rear end of the threaded sleeve (23) at the horizontal end of the L-shaped support (21) and is provided with a bevel gear transmission group (224) that meshes with each other. The outer side of the main shaft (223) is connected to the rear end of the threaded sleeve (23) at the vertical end of the L-shaped support (21) and is provided with a belt pulley transmission group (225).

3. The diamond multi-faceted laser cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive unit (22) also includes a mounting plate (226) fixedly installed on the outside of the mounting bracket (24). A connecting plate (227) is fixedly connected to the outside of the mounting plate (226). A locking post (228) is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting plate (227). Both locking posts (228) have locking grooves on their outer sides, and the shape of the locking grooves is the same as half of the cross-sectional shape of the locking post (228). The two locking posts (228) are slidably connected to each other through the locking grooves.

4. The diamond multi-faceted laser cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure component (26) includes a vacuum pump (261) and a negative pressure box (263) fixedly installed on the top of the L-shaped support (21). Both output ends of the vacuum pump (261) are provided with air supply pipes (262). The other ends of the two air supply pipes (262) are respectively sealed and connected to both sides of the negative pressure box (263). Two limiting grooves are opened on the outside of the negative pressure box (263). A sealing plate (264) is slidably connected inside the limiting groove, and an elastic plate (265) is provided at one end of the sealing plate (264).

5. The diamond multi-faceted laser cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure component (26) also includes a rotating seat (268) fixedly connected to the output end of the self-rotating motor (25), and the adsorption cylinder (271) is installed inside the rotating seat (268). A sealing disc (267) is rotatably connected to the outside of the rotating seat (268). One side of the sealing disc (267) is fixedly installed on the outer shell of the self-rotating motor (25), and the output end of the self-rotating motor (25) is rotatably connected to the middle of the sealing disc (267). A suction tube (266) is fixedly connected to the outside of the sealing disc (267). The other end of the suction tube (266) is slidably connected inside the limiting groove, and the outside of the suction tube (266) is fixedly connected to one end of the sealing plate (264).

6. A diamond multi-faceted laser cutting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotating seat (268) forms a ventilation cavity between the two base plates and the sealing disk (267), and multiple connecting shafts are provided between the two base plates. A pressurization channel is provided at the position corresponding to the opening of the adsorption cylinder (271) on one of the base plates.

7. The diamond multi-faceted laser cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the cutting machine base (1) is provided with a CNC coordinate slide rail (3), and the output end of the CNC coordinate slide rail (3) is provided with a laser cutting blade (4).

8. A method for facet turning in multi-faceted laser cutting of diamond, applicable to any one of the diamond multi-faceted laser cutting apparatuses described in claims 1-7, comprising the following steps: S1. Initial material preparation: In the initial state, the horizontal end threaded sleeve (23) is unfolded and the vertical end is retracted. The horizontal end tube (266) corresponds to the opening of the negative pressure box (263), and the vertical end tube (266) is staggered. The diamond raw material is placed on the horizontal end gripper head (273). The gripper head (273) is squeezed and retracts adaptively, which drives the movable plug (272) and sliding ring (275) to move synchronously, automatically adapting to the shape of the diamond, and laying the groundwork for subsequent fixing operations. S2. Suction Positioning: Turn on the vacuum pump (261), which creates negative pressure in the negative pressure box (263) and transmits it to the suction cylinder (271). The driving membrane (276) deforms, causing the sliding ring (275) to separate from the movable plug (272). The piston plate (277) moves relative to the movable plug (272), allowing the gripping head (273) to create negative pressure suction to clamp the diamond. Then, start the self-rotating motor (25) and the laser cutting blade (4) to cut the diamond in the X-axis direction. S3. Drive switching: After the X-axis cutting is completed, start the drive motor (222), which drives the main shaft (223) to rotate. Through the bevel gear and belt pulley transmission group (225), the two threaded sleeves (23) rotate in opposite directions. Because the locking grooves of the locking pin (228) are misaligned, only the vertical locking pin (228) can slide horizontally. The vertical threaded sleeve (23) unfolds, the horizontal sleeve rotates at the end of the mounting bracket (24), and the vertical tube puller (266) moves synchronously toward the opening of the negative pressure box (263). S4. Vertical adsorption: The vertical end gripper (273) unfolds with the threaded sleeve (23) and fits tightly against the surface of the diamond. Its suction tube (266) gradually corresponds to the opening of the negative pressure box (263) to generate negative pressure suction to hold the diamond. Until the vertical end locking post (228) abuts against the mounting bracket (24), at which point the locking grooves of the two locking posts (228) are aligned, the horizontal end locking post (228) is unlocked, and the diamond is initially switched to the vertical end for fixation. S5. Horizontal Reset: The drive motor (222) continues to run, causing the horizontal end threaded sleeve (23) to retract, its corresponding locking pin (228) to move down, the suction tube (266) gradually offsets the opening of the negative pressure box (263), the sealing plate (264) maintains the seal, the pressure of the horizontal end adsorption cylinder (271) is restored, the gripping head (273) resets and releases the diamond, and the horizontal end flipping mechanism (2) descends synchronously; S6. Y-axis cutting: After the diamond is completely fixed by the vertical end gripper (273), the corresponding vertical end self-rotating motor (25) is started to drive the diamond to rotate. The laser cutting blade (4) then precisely cuts the diamond's Y-axis part, and finally completes the multi-faceted cutting operation of the diamond raw material.

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