Measurement method and device for correcting actual ocean shallow profile temperature

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean monitoring and sensors, and discloses a measuring method and device for correcting the actual ocean shallow profile temperature. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining the real emissivity of a calm water surface; inputting the wind speed wave height of the seawater in the actual sea condition, the wind speed of the air and the obtained actual emissivity of the calm water surface into a Monte Carlo emissivity correction model, outputting the corrected actual sea condition seawater emissivity, and taking the corrected actual sea condition seawater emissivity as a parameter for measuring the actual water surface temperature by a second IR infrared thermometer; and based on the obtained modified parameters of the real water surface temperature measured by the second IR infrared thermometer, carrying out actual sea surface temperature measurement by arranging thermosensitive chains with different scales. The method is obviously superior to the prior art (the satellite is 0.3-1K, the shipborne infrared is 0.05-0.1 K, and the anchor system CTD is 0.002 K and is larger than or equal to 5cm on average).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of marine monitoring and sensor technology, and particularly relates to a method and device for measuring and correcting the actual shallow ocean profile temperature. Background Technology

[0002] In marine environments, water temperature exhibits significant temperature stratification with depth. This stratification has profound impacts on marine ecosystems and climate systems. Accurate measurement of the cold skin temperature of the sea surface and its vertical temperature distribution is of significant value for both military and civilian navigation. The cold skin is a thin layer formed by the evaporative cooling effect of the sea surface, with a temperature slightly lower than the underlying water. Its thickness is typically between 1 cm and several centimeters, and its temperature is usually 0.1-0.5 K lower than that of the nearby non-cold skin layer. In extreme cases, such as strong winds or strong evaporation, the temperature difference can be even greater. The cold skin has a wide range of applications. In military applications, signals such as internal waves, turbulence, and eddies generated by aircraft can disrupt the surface cold skin, resulting in specific signal characteristic distributions on the sea surface. By analyzing these signal characteristics, theoretically, important information such as the aircraft's course and position can be obtained, enabling the detection, identification, and tracking of aircraft. Therefore, accurately measuring the cold skin temperature of the sea surface is crucial for determining the effectiveness of speed and diving depth in determining the stealth effect of an aircraft. In the civilian sector, accurately measuring the temperature of cold surfaces is of great significance for improving the accuracy of marine weather forecasts and optimizing activities such as energy extraction and marine transportation.

[0003] Currently, seawater temperature measurement technologies mainly include four categories: satellite infrared remote sensing, shipborne / buoy infrared radiometers, and microscale thermal chain and moored CTD. The first two are used to measure seawater surface temperature, while the latter two are used to measure seawater profile temperature. Satellite infrared remote sensing, based on the multispectral radiative transfer equation, can cover tens of millions of square kilometers. However, its operational accuracy is limited to only 0.3–1K due to cloud and rain obstruction, zenith angle, and emissivity errors. Shipborne / buoy infrared radiometers directly measure sea surface radiation in the 8–14µm band with an accuracy of up to 0.1K. However, accurate measurements require prior emissivity calibration, and errors increase dramatically in the presence of waves, significantly hindering accurate temperature measurements. Furthermore, they can only measure surface temperature, not underwater profile temperature. Microscale thermal chains, utilizing millimeter-level probes and free-fall profilers, achieve spatial resolution of 2mm and an accuracy of 0.01–0.02K. However, these devices are expensive and complex to maintain, allowing only localized point measurements and focusing on surface temperature. Accurate values ​​are only obtained in calm waters, making them unsuitable for measuring sea surface temperature in the presence of waves. Moored CTDs, based on platinum resistance thermometers, maintain a stable drift of <0.002K over the long term, but with probe spacing exceeding 5cm, they cannot distinguish details between the cold and warm layers. The four methods generally suffer from shortcomings such as insufficient spatial resolution, poor weather adaptability, high cost of wide-area coverage, or lack of millimeter-level accuracy. Furthermore, each method can only measure the temperature of a single sea surface or profile, which is insufficient to meet the accuracy requirements for temperature measurement in anti-submarine wake detection. Therefore, it is particularly important to build a platform that can accurately and conveniently measure the surface cold skin temperature and seawater temperature at different depths. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the problems existing in related technologies, the present invention discloses a method and apparatus for measuring and correcting the actual shallow ocean profile temperature, specifically relating to a method and apparatus for measuring and correcting the actual shallow ocean profile temperature based on infrared and thermistor comparison. It is mainly applied in the marine environmental observation of ocean-going vessels and the real-time seawater temperature monitoring industry for ports and ships.

[0005] The technical solution is as follows: A method for correcting the measurement of actual shallow ocean profile temperature is proposed, comprising the following steps: S1. In a calm indoor environment, the first IR infrared thermometer is calibrated by calibrating the emissivity of a calm water surface, and the true emissivity ε1 of the calm water surface is obtained by reverse calculation. S2, input the wind speed and wave height of the actual seawater under the actual sea conditions and the wind speed of the air, as well as the true emissivity ε1 of the calm water surface, into the Monte Carlo emissivity correction model, and output the corrected actual seawater emissivity ε2. The corrected actual seawater emissivity ε2 is used as the parameter for the second IR infrared thermometer to measure the actual water surface temperature. S3, based on the parameters of the modified second IR infrared thermometer used to measure the actual water surface temperature, conducts actual sea surface temperature measurement by deploying thermal chains of different scales.

[0006] In step S1, the first IR infrared thermometer is calibrated using indoor calm water surface emissivity calibration to inversely calculate the true emissivity ε1 of the calm water surface, including: The average temperature corresponding to the eight thermistors was obtained. The first IR infrared thermometer simultaneously measures the temperature at these eight points, and the average temperature is obtained by calculating the mean value. The expression is: ; In the formula, The temperature values ​​measured by eight thermistors surrounding the mesh structure; After the temperature measurement is completed, the actual temperature, the first IR measurement temperature, and the water surface emissivity set by the first IR infrared thermometer are known. The true emissivity of the calm water surface can be obtained by back-calculating using the Stepan-Boltzmann law.

[0007] Furthermore, the true emissivity of a calm water surface is derived by inversely using the Stepan-Boltzmann law, including: For gray bodies, the Stepan-Boltzmann law is modified, and the expression is: ; In the formula, for The gray body radiation energy received over an area, σStefant-Boltzmann constant is a physical constant; Emissivity is a value between 0 and 1, and its emissivity depends on the material, surface condition, and temperature of the object. The Stefan-Boltzmann constant, This represents the surface area of ​​the object. The absolute temperature of the object; Under the condition of equal emitted power, the ratio of measured temperature is equal to the fourth power of the ratio of the set emissivity to the actual emissivity of the IR infrared thermometer; under the condition that the other three variables are known, the actual emissivity ε1 of calm seawater is obtained. according to The results were obtained using the Stefan-Boltzmann law formula. and Among them, the emissivity within the measurement principle of the first IR infrared thermometer The instrument provides the actual emissivity of calm seawater. .

[0008] In step S3, the parameters for measuring the actual water surface temperature based on the obtained modified second IR infrared thermometer include: in the actual sea area, measuring the actual sea surface temperature by deploying thermal chains of different scales, including: For measuring the temperature of the cold skin layer underwater using an IR infrared thermometer with modified parameters for measuring the actual water surface temperature, a microscale thermistor chain is used to measure the temperature distribution 2 mm to 5 cm below the water surface; the spacing between adjacent thermistors is 5 mm. For the near-dermis and thermocline, a non-uniformly spaced temperature chain is used to measure the temperature distribution 5cm to 5m below the water surface, with an adjacent thermistor spacing of 10cm. For measuring the temperature distribution of the underwater thermocline from 5m to 20m, the spacing between adjacent thermistors is 20cm.

[0009] Another object of the present invention is to provide a measuring device for correcting actual shallow ocean profile temperature, the device implementing the aforementioned method for measuring corrected actual shallow ocean profile temperature, the measuring system comprising: An indoor calm water surface emissivity calibration device is used to calibrate a first IR infrared thermometer in a calm indoor environment by calibrating the emissivity of the calm water surface, and to reverse-calculate the true emissivity ε1 of the calm water surface. The actual sea state seawater emissivity acquisition module is used to obtain the wind speed and wave height of the actual seawater and the wind speed of the air, as well as the true emissivity ε1 of the calm water surface. It is input into the Monte Carlo emissivity correction model and outputs the corrected actual sea state seawater emissivity ε2. The corrected actual sea state seawater emissivity ε2 is used as the parameter for the second IR infrared thermometer to measure the actual water surface temperature. Based on the parameters obtained from the modified second IR infrared thermometer for measuring the actual water surface temperature, a real-world sea surface temperature measurement device is developed by deploying thermal chains of different scales.

[0010] Furthermore, the indoor calm water surface emissivity calibration equipment includes: a first IR infrared thermometer, multiple thermistors, a total power supply and signal receiving and processing device, and a floating net; The first IR infrared thermometer, the main power supply, and the signal receiving and processing device are mounted on the floating net; Multiple thermistors are deployed around the floating net; the actual seawater emissivity acquisition module is installed in the main power supply and signal receiving and processing device.

[0011] Multiple thermistors and the first IR infrared thermometer are all connected to the main power supply and signal receiving and processing device.

[0012] Furthermore, four surface buoys are installed in the middle of the floating net. The surface buoys are connected by structural steel. The middle position of the floating net is where the main power supply and signal receiving and processing communication equipment is placed, which is used to receive and process the measured temperature data.

[0013] Furthermore, the actual sea surface temperature measurement equipment includes an actual sea state sea surface temperature measurement structure and a seawater profile temperature measurement structure. The sea surface temperature of the actual sea state sea surface temperature measurement structure is measured by a second IR infrared thermometer with an actual sea state seawater emissivity ε2. The seawater profile temperature measurement structure consists of a water surface mesh floating device, a thermistor temperature measuring chain, a pressure sensor, a waterproof dual-axis tilt sensor, and a self-weight anchor. The water surface mesh floating device includes: a stainless steel support rod for suspending the heat-sensitive chain and a stainless steel connecting rod; The cross-shaped stainless steel rod structure is used to connect four surface buoys, and the central part of the cross-shaped stainless steel rod structure is used to install the main power supply and signal receiving and processing device. Stainless steel connecting rods are used for the interval arrangement and wiring of thermistors to form a thermistor chain; The stainless steel connecting rod is equipped with a weight-bearing anchor at its final end.

[0014] Furthermore, the pressure sensor is installed 1m from the top when the thermal chain is placed vertically; A waterproof dual-axis tilt sensor is used to reverse-engineer the vertical tilt angle of the stainless steel connecting rod, and combined with the depth of the pressure sensor, the depth of each pressure sensor is obtained.

[0015] Furthermore, the aforementioned device for measuring the corrected actual shallow ocean profile temperature is applied in marine environmental monitoring by ocean-going vessels and in real-time seawater temperature monitoring for ports and ships.

[0016] Combining all the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: First, compared to existing sea surface temperature measurement technologies, this invention focuses on the comparative correction between infrared thermometry and thermistor measurement, improving the accuracy and resolution of sea surface temperature measurement. By introducing a Monte Carlo model for secondary emissivity correction, this invention can effectively address the measurement challenges under complex sea conditions, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results. Specifically, this invention has the following advantages: High measurement accuracy: This invention further reduces the infrared thermometry error from 0.1K through indoor calm water surface emissivity calibration and Monte Carlo model emissivity secondary correction. It provides a single-point accuracy of 0.02K in the 0–50mm range, which is significantly better than existing technologies (satellite 0.3–1K, shipborne infrared 0.05–0.1K, moored CTD 0.002K, ≥5cm average).

[0017] First, this invention provides stable, high-resolution shallow ocean temperature profile data. In scientific research, it can accurately capture temperature gradients from the air-sea interface to a depth of 20 meters underwater, providing crucial data for studying subtle ocean processes and possessing the potential to be developed into a high-end scientific instrument. In practical applications, its ability to measure the cold epidermis (0-5cm) with an accuracy of 0.02K shows clear application prospects in fields requiring extremely high environmental sensing precision (such as military oceanography). This integrated design also provides a reliable and cost-effective new option for fixed-point monitoring of the marine environment.

[0018] Existing technologies (such as satellite, shipborne infrared, and moored CTD) typically measure sea surface temperature and underwater profiles in a fragmented manner, and struggle to maintain high accuracy simultaneously under dynamic sea conditions. The innovation of this invention lies in its pioneering use of a systematic approach of "reference calibration - dynamic correction - collaborative deployment" to integrate non-contact infrared temperature measurement and contact-based thermal chain measurement into a unified whole. This enables continuous, synchronous, and high-precision measurements from millimeter-level sea surface layers to tens-meter underwater profiles, filling the gap in existing technologies for seamless "integrated sea surface-profile measurement." Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure; Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an indoor calm water surface emissivity calibration device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of indoor calm water surface emissivity calibration provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of actual sea area temperature measurement provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the actual layout principle of the seawater profile temperature measurement structure provided in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the seawater profile temperature measurement structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This invention provides a diagram showing the pressure sensor located at the end of a thermistor temperature measurement chain to measure the pressure at its location, and a diagram illustrating the principle of temperature measurement by the thermistor. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the measurement method for correcting the actual shallow ocean profile temperature provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the method for measuring the temperature of a corrected actual shallow ocean profile provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the Monte Carlo correction emissivity principle provided in an embodiment of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Stainless steel support rod; 2. Stainless steel rod structure; 3. Stainless steel connecting rod; 4. Waterproof dual-axis tilt sensor; 5. Pressure sensor; 6. First IR infrared thermometer; 7. Thermistor; 8. Overall power supply and signal receiving and processing device; 9. Floating net; 10. Water surface buoy; 11. Second IR infrared thermometer; 12. Self-weight anchor. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0021] The innovation of this invention lies in obtaining the true emissivity ε1 through indoor calm water surface emissivity calibration, and then using a Monte Carlo model to dynamically correct it in combination with actual sea state parameters, thus obtaining an emissivity ε2 suitable for complex sea states. Based on this, a multi-scale thermistor chain deployment scheme is adopted to achieve integrated high-precision temperature measurement from the cold skin layer of the sea surface (2mm-5cm) to the underwater profile (20m), effectively solving the technical problems of infrared thermometry being greatly affected by emissivity and the thermistor being strongly interfered with by waves in dynamic marine environments.

[0022] Example 1: The measuring device for correcting actual shallow ocean profile temperature provided in this embodiment of the invention includes: An indoor calm water surface emissivity calibration device is used to calibrate a first IR infrared thermometer in a calm indoor environment by calibrating the emissivity of the calm water surface, and to reverse-calculate the true emissivity ε1 of the calm water surface. The actual sea state seawater emissivity acquisition module is used to obtain the wind speed and wave height of the actual seawater and the wind speed of the air, as well as the true emissivity ε1 of the calm water surface. It is input into the Monte Carlo emissivity correction model and outputs the corrected actual sea state seawater emissivity ε2. The corrected actual sea state seawater emissivity ε2 is used as the parameter for the second IR infrared thermometer to measure the actual water surface temperature. Based on the parameters obtained from the modified second IR infrared thermometer for measuring the actual water surface temperature, a real-world sea surface temperature measurement device is developed by deploying thermal chains of different scales.

[0023] For example, such as Figure 1The indoor calm water surface emissivity calibration equipment includes: a first IR infrared thermometer 6, multiple thermistors 7, a total power supply and signal receiving and processing device 8, and a floating net 9; The first IR infrared thermometer 6, the main power supply and signal receiving and processing device 8 are mounted on the floating net 9; Multiple thermistors 7 are arranged around the floating net 9; exemplaryly, the overall power supply and signal receiving and processing unit 8 includes communication equipment. A real-sea-state seawater emissivity acquisition module is mounted within the overall power supply and signal receiving and processing unit 8.

[0024] Multiple thermistors 7 and the first IR infrared thermometer 6 are all connected to the main power supply and signal receiving and processing device 8. For example, the structural layout and operation flowchart of an indoor calm water surface emissivity calibration device are as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a floating net 9 is used to float the thermistors (NTC thermistors) 7 on the water surface for temperature measurement. The floating net 9 is 2m*2m in size. Eight thermistors 7 are arranged around the floating net 9 to measure the temperature at eight points on the water surface. The distance between adjacent thermistors 7 is 1m. Four surface buoys 10 are installed in the middle of the floating net 9, allowing the system to float on the water surface. The surface buoys 10 are connected by structural steel. The central position of the floating net 9 is where the main power supply and communication equipment of the signal receiving and processing device 8 are placed, used to receive and process the measured temperature data. The first IR infrared thermometer 6 is located above the water surface to measure the temperature at the location of the thermistors 7 on the water surface, used to obtain the initially set sea surface emissivity. The function of the thermistors (NTC thermistors) 7 is to accurately measure the water surface temperature and correct the sea surface emissivity. The function of the water surface net floating device is to allow the thermistors 7 to float near the water surface. This method can achieve the measurement and calibration of seawater emissivity on calm sea surfaces.

[0025] For example, the actual sea surface temperature measurement equipment includes an actual sea state sea surface temperature measurement structure and a seawater profile temperature measurement structure. The sea surface temperature of the actual sea state sea surface temperature measurement structure is measured by a second IR infrared thermometer 11 with an actual seawater emissivity ε2. The actual sea surface temperature measurement flowchart is shown below. Figure 3 As shown.

[0026] Seawater profile temperature measurement structure as follows Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the system comprises a water surface mesh floating device, a thermistor temperature measuring chain, a pressure sensor 5, a waterproof dual-axis tilt sensor 4 (model: Witt Intelligent JY61P), and a self-weight anchor 12. The function of the water surface buoy 10 of the water surface mesh floating device is to provide buoyancy for the entire temperature measuring system on the water surface. The water surface mesh floating device includes: a stainless steel support rod 1, which is used to suspend the heat-sensitive chain and the stainless steel connecting rod 3; a cross-connecting type stainless steel rod structure 2, which is used to connect four water surface buoys 10. They are connected to the water surface buoys 10 in a threaded fit with the buoys 10 without spacing. At the same time, the cross-connecting type stainless steel rod structure 2 is used to install the main power supply and signal receiving and processing device 8.

[0027] A stainless steel connecting rod 3, longer than 20m (straight and strong enough to support the suspended thermistor temperature sensing chain and self-weight anchor in seawater without deformation), is used for the spaced-out installation and wiring of the thermistors 7. The final end of the structure is a self-weight anchor 12, which serves to balance the entire system and keep the cable straight under its own weight, facilitating pressure measurement by the pressure sensor 5 and inversely determining the depth of each thermistor point. Specifically, the pressure sensor 5 is installed 1m from the top of the vertically placed thermistor chain, its position determined on the stainless steel connecting rod 3. Figure 6 ; The waterproof dual-axis tilt sensor 4 can inversely determine the vertical tilt angle of the stainless steel connecting rod 3, and then, combined with the depth of the pressure sensor 5, inversely determine the depth of each pressure sensor. Actual temperature measurement employs a layered measurement method, combined with multiple thermistor layouts, to achieve high-precision temperature distribution measurement from the water surface to a depth of 20m. A schematic diagram illustrating the temperature-depth correspondence principle is shown below. Figure 6 As shown.

[0028] Among them, the thermistors 7 in the thermal chain exhibit an irregular spacing distribution, with smaller intervals in areas with large temperature gradients and larger intervals in areas with small temperature gradients. For example, such as Figure 4 For underwater cold skin layers (water depth 2mm-5cm), 10 thermistor temperature measurement points can be set up, with a spacing of 5mm between adjacent thermistors; For the near-surface layer (water depth 5cm-5m), a non-uniformly spaced temperature chain can be used, with 50 thermistors deployed for temperature measurement, and the spacing between adjacent thermistors is 10cm, forming a buoy Lagrange temperature chain. For diurnal thermoclines (water depth 5m-20m), a non-uniformly spaced temperature chain can be used, which can deploy 75 thermistors for temperature measurement, with an adjacent thermistor spacing of 20cm; forming a buoy Lagrange temperature chain. like Figure 6 Pressure sensor 5 is located at the end of the thermal chain to measure the pressure at its location. Since there is a one-to-one correspondence between seawater pressure and depth, the depth can be obtained at the same time as the pressure.

[0029] The function of the self-weight anchor 12 is that since the thermistor 7 and the pressure sensor 5 are very light, by attaching a self-weight anchor 12 to the end, the connecting rod can be made as vertical as possible, reducing swaying and facilitating the one-to-one correspondence between temperature and depth. The function of the waterproof dual-axis tilt sensor 4 is to measure the tilt angle of the connecting rod relative to the direction of gravitational acceleration when the rod swings, and to deduce the position of each thermistor.

[0030] The parameters of the structure used are as follows: Thermistor (NTC thermistor): Nanjing Shiheng Electronics produces high-precision NTC thermistors with a temperature measurement accuracy of ±0.0001℃, and a temperature measurement accuracy of ±0.0002℃ under 20.0600℃ conditions. Thermistor temperature sensing chain: accuracy within 0.01K, resolution within 0.001K; IR infrared thermometer: Heitronics KT19, resolution 0.01K, absolute accuracy 0.1K; Non-uniform spacing temperature chain: Employs a thermistor-type temperature probe with a measurement range of -5°C to 40°C and an accuracy of up to 0.01°C. The maximum error in field testing does not exceed 0.2°C. Pressure sensor: Blue Robotics "Depth / Pressure Sensor - MS5837-30BA"; Waterproof dual-axis tilt sensor: Witt Intelligent JY61P.

[0031] Working principle.

[0032] (1) First, use the indoor calm water surface emissivity calibration procedure (e.g.) Figure 2 The IR infrared thermometer was calibrated once to obtain the seawater emissivity of a calm sea surface. In an indoor environment, the IR infrared thermometer was used to obtain the radiation temperature at multiple points on a calm water surface. The water surface temperature with an accuracy of 0.01K was measured by a high-precision thermistor as the true value, and the initial emissivity ε1 was obtained by synchronous inversion. (2) Since the actual sea conditions, wind speed, wave height, and air wind speed affect the seawater emissivity, the initial emissivity ε1 needs to be corrected again. Here, the Monte Carlo emissivity correction model (e.g., Figure 9 The following flowchart shows the correction of ε1. Figure 3 As shown, the influencing factors such as wind speed V, wave height H, and wind speed U measured in the actual sea surface environment are input into the Monte Carlo emissivity correction model along with ε1, and the corrected seawater emissivity ε2 is output, which further reduces the temperature measurement error of the IR thermometer.

[0033] Secondly, for seawater temperature measurements at different depths in actual sea areas, since seawater temperature changes non-linearly with depth, to balance accuracy and cost, actual ocean temperature data at different depths were referenced. The area was divided into three zones based on depth: (10 thermistor temperature measurement points were deployed in the underwater cold skin layer, with a spacing of 5mm between adjacent thermistors; 50 thermistors were deployed in the near-skin layer, with a spacing of 10cm between adjacent thermistors, forming a buoy Lagrange temperature chain; and 75 thermistors were deployed in the diurnal thermocline, with a spacing of 20cm between adjacent thermistors, also forming a buoy Lagrange temperature chain). Measurements were taken by appropriately reducing the spacing between measurement points in areas with rapid temperature changes, such as the cold skin layer, and appropriately increasing the number of measurement points in areas with slow temperature changes, such as the near-skin layer or diurnal thermocline. The average temperature of several surrounding areas was taken. Finally, the measured surface cold skin temperature to seawater temperature at a certain depth was fitted into a curve using numerical fitting. By inputting the depth, the corresponding temperature value can be obtained. Figure 6 ; After spatiotemporal registration and weighted averaging, the above data can generate a high-resolution temperature profile of the sea area in real time. By utilizing a large amount of temperature data obtained from actual measurements, and by establishing a data-driven model based on historical temperature, salinity, and depth data and real-time meteorological data (wind speed, cloud cover, solar radiation, etc.), the temperature profile can be dynamically corrected, enabling real-time monitoring and prediction of the temperature field of the target sea area.

[0034] The data-driven model is a temperature profile prediction model based on deep neural networks. This model uses real-time meteorological data (such as wind speed, cloud cover, and solar radiation intensity) and historical temperature, salinity, and depth (TTH) data as input features, learning the complex mapping relationship between these data and the ocean temperature profile through multi-layer nonlinear transformations. The model is first trained using a large amount of measured data to capture the variation patterns of the temperature profile under different environmental conditions. After training, only the current environmental parameters need to be input to predict the temperature distribution across the entire profile (from the sea surface to a depth of 20 meters). This deep learning model has continuous learning capabilities, constantly optimizing its prediction accuracy as new measurement data accumulates, enabling dynamic tracking and forecasting of temperature field changes.

[0035] Example 2, as Figure 7 The principle of the method for measuring the corrected actual shallow ocean profile temperature provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0036] For example, such as Figure 8 As shown, the method for measuring the corrected actual shallow ocean profile temperature provided in this embodiment of the invention includes: S1. In a calm indoor environment, the first IR infrared thermometer is calibrated by calibrating the emissivity of a calm water surface, and the true emissivity ε1 of the calm water surface is obtained by reverse calculation. S2, input the wind speed and wave height of the actual seawater under the actual sea conditions and the wind speed of the air, as well as the true emissivity ε1 of the calm water surface, into the Monte Carlo emissivity correction model, and output the corrected actual seawater emissivity ε2. The corrected actual seawater emissivity ε2 is used as the parameter for the second IR infrared thermometer to measure the actual water surface temperature. S3, based on the parameters of the modified second IR infrared thermometer used to measure the actual water surface temperature, conducts actual sea surface temperature measurement by deploying thermal chains of different scales.

[0037] For example, in step S1, in a calm indoor environment, the radiation temperature of multiple points on the calm water surface is obtained using an IR infrared thermometer, and the water surface temperature with an accuracy of 0.01K is measured by a high-precision thermistor as the true value, and the initial emissivity ε1 is obtained by synchronous inversion. The water surface temperature was measured using a thermistor, with the error controlled within 20 mK. Simultaneously, an IR infrared thermometer was used to measure the temperature at the same location. By averaging multiple measurements, an accurate fixed-point temperature was obtained. Based on this, the emissivity ε1 of the IR infrared thermometer was calculated.

[0038] Here, the emissivity ε1 is the same as the true emissivity of the calm water surface obtained above. The true emissivity of the calm water surface is what needs to be input into the IR infrared thermometer.

[0039] A specific example is the calibration of emissivity on a calm indoor water surface; Infrared thermometers offer the advantage of obtaining water surface temperature without contact. However, accurate temperature measurement relies on pre-setting the accurate emissivity of the object being measured; the more accurate the emissivity, the higher the measurement precision. Therefore, indoor emissivity calibration is necessary beforehand. Compared to infrared thermometers, thermistors offer significant advantages in temperature measurement accuracy, but they require specific environmental conditions. Accurate temperature values ​​can only be obtained on calm sea surfaces; in actual sea conditions with waves, measurement accuracy is greatly reduced. Indoor calibration provides a more accurate emissivity for calm seawater, reducing systemic errors.

[0040] Method: Temperature was measured on a calm water surface in a laboratory setting. Given the requirement for high precision, the effects of time on accuracy were considered. Therefore, a method for simultaneously measuring multiple temperatures was proposed. This method employed a floating mesh matrix structure of a floating mesh device to simultaneously measure multiple temperatures. A thermistor (Valeport mini CTD thermistor with a temperature accuracy of ±0.01K (range –5°C-35°C) and a resolution of 0.001°C, i.e., an NTC thermistor) was installed at each node between every two lines on the floating mesh. A schematic diagram is shown below. Figure 1As shown, the intersection points mark the placement locations of the thermistors. The floating net is made of plastic, characterized by its low density and light weight. A buoy in the center provides buoyancy to the entire device. The average temperature of the region is obtained by averaging the temperatures measured at all matrix points, thus improving measurement accuracy. Simultaneously, an IR infrared thermometer is used to measure the water surface temperature near the matrix points, and the average temperature of the region is obtained by averaging the temperatures measured at multiple surrounding points.

[0041] It can be seen that, as Figure 1 The mesh matrix has eight thermistor temperature measurement points. In actual measurement, the average temperature of the eight thermistors can be obtained. At the same time, an IR infrared thermometer also measures the temperature at these eight points and calculates the average temperature. .

[0042] ; In the formula, The temperature values ​​measured by eight thermistors surrounding the mesh structure; After the temperature measurement is completed, the actual temperature, the first IR measurement temperature, and the water surface emissivity set by the first IR infrared thermometer are known. The true emissivity of the calm water surface can be obtained by back-calculating using the Stepan-Boltzmann law.

[0043] Because the precision of microscale thermistor measurements is only 0.01K, the average value of the thermistor measurements was selected as the true value after the measurement was completed. Simultaneously, an IR infrared thermometer also measured data at the same point; the average temperature was obtained by averaging these values ​​and used as T. 红 Approximate values ​​are important because the temperature value measured by IR measurement needs to be derived from the emissivity; therefore, accurate emissivity is crucial for temperature measurement. After the temperature measurement is completed, given the actual temperature, the IR measured temperature, and the water surface emissivity set by the IR thermometer itself, the true emissivity of the calm water surface can be deduced using the Stepan-Boltzmann law.

[0044] After obtaining the true emissivity of the calm water surface, it is necessary to verify the accuracy of the emissivity. Repeat the original operation and compare the temperature measured by the infrared thermometer after correcting the emissivity with the temperature measured by the microscale thermistor. If the surface emissivity is within a reasonable error range, the surface emissivity correction is correct.

[0045] As can be seen, based on the actual emissivity ε1 of calm seawater obtained earlier, this value is set in the infrared thermometer. The temperature at the same location on the water surface is measured again using infrared thermometry and thermistor thermometry. If the temperature difference is within 0.02K, it indicates that the emissivity calibration of the calm water surface is complete.

[0046] For example, the correction principle is as follows: For gray bodies, the Stefan-Boltzmann law can be modified as follows: ; In the formula, for The gray body radiation energy received over an area, σStefant-Boltzmann constant is a physical constant; Emissivity is a value between 0 and 1, and its emissivity depends on the material, surface condition, and temperature of the object. The Stefan-Boltzmann constant, This represents the surface area of ​​the object. The absolute temperature of the object; Non-contact temperature measurement can be achieved using the Stefan-Boltzmann law. By measuring the radiant power of an object and combining this with known emissivity and surface area, the object's temperature can be deduced. Furthermore, since the temperature is measured at the same point, under the condition of equal emitted power, the ratio of the measured temperatures is equal to the fourth power of the ratio of the set emissivity to the actual emissivity of the IR infrared thermometer. Given the other three variables, the actual emissivity ε1 of calm seawater can be calculated.

[0047] For example, the other three quantities are constants. Therefore, the radiation energy P emitted at this point is a constant. According to... The results were obtained using the formulas. and The emissivity within the measurement principle of the IR infrared thermometer The emissivity is given by the instrument, therefore the actual emissivity of calm seawater. .

[0048] (2) Since the actual sea conditions, wind speed, wave height, and air wind speed affect the seawater emissivity, the initial emissivity ε1 needs to be corrected again. Here, the Monte Carlo emissivity correction model (e.g., Figure 9 The following flowchart shows the correction of ε1. Figure 3 As shown, the influencing factors such as wind speed V, wave height H, and wind speed U measured in the actual sea surface environment are input into the Monte Carlo emissivity correction model along with ε1, and the corrected seawater emissivity ε2 is output, which further reduces the temperature measurement error of the IR thermometer.

[0049] For example, in step S2, considering the influence of water and wind speed and wave height in actual sea conditions, the present invention adopts a Monte Carlo emissivity correction model (such as...). Figure 9 A second correction is performed. The air velocity V, wave height H, and emissivity ε1 obtained from indoor calibration are input into the Monte Carlo emissivity correction model to obtain the corrected emissivity ε2. This corrected emissivity ε2 will serve as a key parameter for the IR infrared thermometer to measure the actual water surface temperature.

[0050] First, initialize the parameters by inputting the sea surface dielectric constant, wind speed U, wave height H, and observation geometry parameters (including zenith angle θ and azimuth angle φ). At the same time, set the core parameters of the Monte Carlo simulation, including the number of photons N and the maximum number of reflections.

[0051] Based on the input wind speed and wave height parameters, a suitable wave spectrum model (such as the JONSWAP wave spectrum model) is selected according to the wave parameters to generate a random rough sea surface that conforms to the actual sea conditions. Then, the photon tracking stage begins: the photon incident position is randomly selected, the local normal direction is calculated based on the current sea surface waveform, and the local incident angle is determined.

[0052] In the reflection determination process, the local reflectivity R is calculated using Fresnel equations based on the local incident angle and dielectric constant, and a random number is generated for determination: if the random number is less than or equal to R, reflection is determined to have occurred, the reflection direction is calculated, and tracking continues; otherwise, the photon is determined to have been absorbed, and its state is recorded.

[0053] Tracking terminates when the number of photon reflections reaches the maximum set value, and the state is recorded as absorption. After all photon tracking is completed, the proportion of absorbed photons is calculated to determine the emissivity under actual sea conditions. Final output emissivity correction factor ; Emissivity of calm water surface obtained through indoor calibration.

[0054] This model establishes a quantitative conversion relationship from sea state parameters to emissivity correction by simulating multiple interactions between electromagnetic waves and the dynamic sea surface. It provides key environmental adaptability correction parameters for infrared thermometers to measure temperature under actual sea conditions, and can effectively solve the technical problem of decreased temperature measurement accuracy caused by dynamic changes in emissivity under complex sea conditions.

[0055] For example, in step S3, measuring the actual sea surface temperature in a real sea area by deploying thermally sensitive chains of different scales includes: For measuring the temperature of the underwater cold skin layer using an IR infrared thermometer with modified parameters for measuring the actual water surface temperature, a microscale thermistor chain is used to measure the temperature distribution 2mm to 5cm below the water surface; for example, 10 thermistor temperature measurement points can be set up in the underwater cold skin layer, with a spacing of 5mm between adjacent thermistors. For measuring the temperature distribution 5cm to 5m below the water surface using a non-uniformly spaced temperature chain in the near-surface layer and thermocline, 50 thermistors can be deployed with a spacing of 10cm between adjacent thermistors; for measuring the temperature distribution 5m to 20m below the underwater thermocline, 75 thermistors can be deployed with a spacing of 20cm between adjacent thermistors.

[0056] Comprehensive temperature data: The temperature data measured by the IR infrared thermometer, the microscale thermal chain, the non-uniform spacing temperature chain, and the pressure data measured by the pressure sensor are used to back-calculate the current depth and the tilt angle of the connecting rod measured by the tilt sensor. The underwater depth corresponding to different temperature measurement points is obtained by comprehensive analysis, and the temperature distribution curve from the water surface to a depth of 20m underwater is plotted.

[0057] The above methods can not only achieve high-precision temperature measurement from the water surface to 20m underwater, but also effectively address measurement challenges under different sea conditions, providing reliable data support for anti-submarine warfare, marine scientific research and related applications.

[0058] An example is actual sea surface temperature measurement; Due to the influence of sea surface wind speed and wave height, the emissivity ε1 obtained through indoor calm calibration still differs from that under actual sea conditions. In this case, a secondary correction is performed using the Monte Carlo emissivity correction model (Monte Carlo model inversion method). By inputting parameters such as V, H, and ε1, the corrected ε2 is obtained.

[0059] The ε2 obtained at this point is used as the true emissivity value measured by the IR infrared thermometer to determine the true water surface temperature. Accurate water surface temperature is calculated by averaging multiple measurements at different points, using points marked on a water surface matrix. The temperature at the four vertices of the floating matrix is ​​measured, and the average value is calculated to obtain the accurate surface temperature.

[0060] It can be seen that the temperature measured by infrared thermography on a real sea surface is the same as that calibrated on a calm water surface; however, the temperature value is obtained only by using an IR infrared thermometer to perform matrix point temperature measurements and calculate the average value. For example... Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the average of the 8 points is taken as the true sea surface temperature. .

[0061] ; In measuring the temperature variation with depth in actual sea areas, the seawater profile temperature measurement structure of the actual sea area temperature measurement equipment is as follows: Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, it includes: a stainless steel support rod 1, used to suspend the thermistor temperature measuring chain and a stainless steel connecting rod 3; a cross-shaped stainless steel rod structure 2, used to connect four surface buoys, which are connected to the surface buoys in a threaded fit with the buoys without spacing; and the middle of the cross-shaped stainless steel rod structure 2 is used to install communication devices and power supply systems.

[0062] A stainless steel connecting rod 3, longer than 20m (straight and strong enough to support the suspended thermistor temperature sensing chain and self-weight anchor in seawater without deformation), is used for the spaced-out arrangement and wiring of the thermistors. The final end of the structure is a self-weight anchor, which serves to balance the entire system and keep the cable straight under its own weight, facilitating pressure sensor measurements and inversely determining the depth of each thermistor point. Specifically, the pressure sensor is installed 1m from the top of the thermistor temperature sensing chain when it is placed vertically, its position determined on the stainless steel connecting rod 3.

[0063] The waterproof dual-axis tilt sensor 4 can inversely determine the vertical tilt angle of the stainless steel connecting rod 3, and then, combined with the depth of the pressure sensors, inversely determine the depth of each pressure sensor. Actual temperature measurement employs a layered measurement method, combined with multiple thermistor layouts, to achieve high-precision temperature distribution measurement from the water surface to a depth of 20m. A schematic diagram illustrating the temperature-depth correspondence principle is shown below. Figure 6 As shown.

[0064] The specific method is as follows: A second IR infrared thermometer is used to measure the temperature within the 0mm-2mm range of the water surface. For the 2mm-5cm profile, a microscale thermocouple is used, measuring the temperature at every 5mm interval. The temperature in this area is typically 0.1–0.5K higher than the nearby bottom layer and varies significantly with depth. For the 5cm–5m (near the surface) depth range, a non-uniformly spaced temperature coupler is used, measuring the temperature every 10cm, achieving an accuracy of 0.02K. For the 5m–20m diurnal thermocline, where temperature changes are not significant, a thermistor is placed every 20cm for temperature measurement. Finally, a pressure sensor is installed at the end to obtain the depth of the final point. Since the 20m long structure may tilt due to underwater current disturbances, the depth measured by the pressure sensor can be compared with the length to deduce the actual depth of each temperature measurement point.

[0065] Examples such as Figure 6 As shown, the depth H of the pressure sensor 5 is measured. 压 The tilt angle of the stainless steel connecting rod 3 is obtained using a waterproof dual-axis tilt sensor. The distance L between the thermistor and the pressure sensor 5 is... S L X It is certain that the depth of the thermistor above pressure sensor 5 is: ; The depth of the thermistor below pressure sensor 5 is: ; Example 3 addresses the achievement of complete 0-20m seawater profile temperature measurement. To enhance the adaptability and searchability of temperature measurements, further measurements will be taken of seawater profile temperatures in different regions under various weather conditions, wind speeds, wave heights, and other influencing factors. A large amount of data will be collected to establish a database of temperatures corresponding to different environments. Simultaneously, deep learning methods will be used to predict unmeasured data based on the existing data.

[0066] As demonstrated by the above embodiments, this invention provides a method for accurately measuring seawater profile temperature. Compared to existing technologies, existing technologies for measuring near-sea surface profile temperature suffer from excessively large thermistor spacing and depth fluctuations, failing to accurately determine the temperature at precise depths. Furthermore, existing methods for measuring sea surface temperature include satellite thermometry (which has low accuracy) and infrared thermometry, but without emissivity correction, the measured temperature accuracy does not meet the requirements for anti-submarine wake detection temperature measurement. This invention proposes an emissivity correction method, which can further improve the accuracy of temperature measurement beyond the existing level. For seawater profile temperature measurement, the common method currently used is to combine pressure sensors with thermistors. However, this becomes increasingly complex with the addition of measurement points and the associated wiring. This invention proposes a method that uses a pressure sensor to measure depth and a dual-axis tilt sensor mounted on a straight rod. By installing only one pressure sensor and one dual-axis tilt sensor at fixed locations, the depth of each thermistor can be deduced. Furthermore, this invention employs a non-equidistant arrangement, installing the thermistors according to the rate of temperature change with depth. Compared to equidistant arrangement, this provides more accurate temperature values ​​and more accurate interpolation of depth-temperature values ​​in the generated temperature interpolation curve. Currently, there is no integrated method for directly measuring sea surface temperature and seawater profile temperature.

[0067] In the field of sea surface temperature measurement, infrared thermometry and thermistor thermometry are two commonly used methods. However, infrared thermometry is prone to temperature drift when the emissivity is not accurately calibrated, affecting measurement accuracy; while thermistors, although highly accurate under still water conditions, are significantly affected by wave interference in complex sea conditions, resulting in decreased measurement stability and making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-precision applications.

[0068] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes an infrared thermometry method based on dynamic emissivity correction. First, the emissivity of the water surface is initially calibrated in a still water environment. Then, combined with actual sea state parameters, a Monte Carlo model is used to perform a secondary correction of the emissivity, thereby improving the accuracy and adaptability of infrared thermometry in dynamic sea surface environments.

[0069] For measuring the temperature gradient across a 20-meter underwater profile from the sea surface, this invention leverages the characteristic of seawater temperature varying with depth. It densifies the deployment of temperature sensors in areas of rapid temperature change (such as the cold skin layer) and appropriately increases the sensor spacing in areas of gentler temperature changes. This deployment strategy effectively controls system complexity and cost while ensuring the accuracy of the profile measurement. Traditional methods require each temperature sensor to be equipped with a pressure sensor to accurately obtain depth information, leading to complex wiring and system redundancy. This invention simplifies the system structure by introducing a collaborative solution using a single pressure sensor and an tilt sensor, inverting the actual depth of each temperature sensor based on mechanical relationships and geometric models.

[0070] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, and within the spirit and principles of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for measuring temperature in corrected shallow ocean profiles, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1. In a calm indoor environment, the first IR infrared thermometer is calibrated by calibrating the emissivity of a calm water surface, and the true emissivity ε1 of the calm water surface is obtained by reverse calculation. S2, input the wind speed and wave height of the actual seawater under the actual sea conditions and the wind speed of the air, as well as the true emissivity ε1 of the calm water surface, into the Monte Carlo emissivity correction model, and output the corrected actual seawater emissivity ε2. The corrected actual seawater emissivity ε2 is used as the parameter for the second IR infrared thermometer to measure the actual water surface temperature. S3, based on the parameters of the modified second IR infrared thermometer used to measure the actual water surface temperature, conducts actual sea surface temperature measurement by deploying thermal chains of different scales.

2. The method for measuring corrected actual shallow ocean profile temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the first IR infrared thermometer is calibrated using indoor calm water surface emissivity calibration to inversely calculate the true emissivity ε1 of the calm water surface, including: The average temperature corresponding to the eight thermistors was obtained. The first IR infrared thermometer simultaneously measures the temperature at these eight points, and the average temperature is obtained by calculating the mean value. The expression is: ； In the formula, The temperature values ​​measured by eight thermistors surrounding the mesh structure; After the temperature measurement is completed, the actual temperature, the first IR measurement temperature, and the water surface emissivity set by the first IR infrared thermometer are known. The true emissivity of the calm water surface can be obtained by back-calculating using the Stepan-Boltzmann law.

3. The method for measuring corrected actual shallow ocean profile temperature according to claim 2, characterized in that, The true emissivity of a calm water surface is derived by inversely applying the Stefan-Boltzmann law, including: For gray bodies, the Stefan-Boltzmann law is modified, and the expression is: ； In the formula, for The gray body radiation energy received over an area, σStefant-Boltzmann constant is a physical constant; Emissivity is a value between 0 and 1, and its emissivity depends on the material, surface condition, and temperature of the object. The Stefan-Boltzmann constant, This represents the surface area of ​​the object. The absolute temperature of the object; Under the condition of equal emitted power, the ratio of measured temperature is equal to the fourth power of the ratio of the set emissivity to the actual emissivity of the IR infrared thermometer; under the condition that the other three variables are known, the actual emissivity ε1 of calm seawater is obtained. according to The results were obtained using the Stefan-Boltzmann law formula. and Among them, the emissivity within the measurement principle of the first IR infrared thermometer The instrument provides the actual emissivity of calm seawater. .

4. The method for measuring corrected actual shallow ocean profile temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the parameters for measuring the actual water surface temperature based on the obtained modified second IR infrared thermometer include: in the actual sea area, measuring the actual sea surface temperature by deploying thermal chains of different scales, including: For measuring the temperature of the cold skin layer underwater using an IR infrared thermometer with modified parameters for measuring the actual water surface temperature, a microscale thermistor chain is used to measure the temperature distribution 2 mm to 5 cm below the water surface; the spacing between adjacent thermistors is 5 mm. For the near-dermis and thermocline, a non-uniformly spaced temperature chain is used to measure the temperature distribution 5cm to 5m below the water surface, with an adjacent thermistor spacing of 10cm. For measuring the temperature distribution of the underwater thermocline from 5m to 20m, the spacing between adjacent thermistors is 20cm.

5. A measuring device for correcting actual shallow ocean profile temperature, characterized in that, The device implements the measurement method for correcting actual shallow ocean profile temperature as described in any one of claims 1-4, and the measurement system comprises: An indoor calm water surface emissivity calibration device is used to calibrate a first IR infrared thermometer in a calm indoor environment by calibrating the emissivity of the calm water surface, and to reverse-calculate the true emissivity ε1 of the calm water surface. The actual sea state seawater emissivity acquisition module is used to obtain the wind speed and wave height of the actual seawater and the wind speed of the air, as well as the true emissivity ε1 of the calm water surface. It is input into the Monte Carlo emissivity correction model and outputs the corrected actual sea state seawater emissivity ε2. The corrected actual sea state seawater emissivity ε2 is used as the parameter for the second IR infrared thermometer to measure the actual water surface temperature. Based on the parameters obtained from the modified second IR infrared thermometer for measuring the actual water surface temperature, a real-world sea surface temperature measurement device is developed by deploying thermal chains of different scales.

6. The measuring device for correcting actual shallow ocean profile temperature according to claim 5, characterized in that, The indoor calm water surface emissivity calibration equipment includes: a first IR infrared thermometer (6), multiple thermistors (7), a total power supply and signal receiving and processing device (8), and a floating net (9); The first IR infrared thermometer (6), the main power supply and signal receiving and processing device (8) are mounted on the floating net (9); Multiple thermistors (7) are arranged around the floating net (9); the actual seawater emissivity acquisition module is mounted in the overall power supply and signal receiving and processing device (8); Multiple thermistors (7) and the first IR infrared thermometer (6) are all connected to the overall power supply and signal receiving and processing device (8).

7. The measuring device for correcting actual shallow ocean profile temperature according to claim 6, characterized in that, Four surface buoys (10) are installed in the middle of the floating net (9). The surface buoys (10) are connected by structural steel. The middle position of the floating net (9) is the location for the communication equipment of the main power supply and signal receiving and processing (8), which is used to receive and process the measured temperature data.

8. The measuring device for correcting actual shallow ocean profile temperature according to claim 6, characterized in that, The actual sea surface temperature measurement equipment includes an actual sea surface temperature measurement structure and a sea surface temperature measurement structure. The sea surface temperature of the actual sea surface temperature measurement structure is measured by a second IR infrared thermometer (11) with an actual sea surface emissivity ε2. The seawater profile temperature measurement structure consists of a water surface mesh floating device, a thermistor temperature measuring chain, a pressure sensor (5), a waterproof dual-axis tilt sensor (4), and a self-weight anchor (12); The water surface mesh floating device includes: a stainless steel support rod (1) for suspending a heat-sensitive chain and a stainless steel connecting rod (3). A cross-shaped stainless steel rod structure (2) is used to connect four surface buoys (10), and the cross-shaped stainless steel rod structure (2) is used to install the main power supply and signal receiving and processing device (8) in the middle. Stainless steel connecting rod (3) is used for the interval arrangement and wiring of thermistors (7) to form a thermistor chain; The stainless steel connecting rod (3) is equipped with a self-weight anchor (12) at its last end.

9. The measuring device for correcting actual shallow ocean profile temperature according to claim 8, characterized in that, The pressure sensor (5) is installed 1m from the top when the thermal chain is placed vertically; A waterproof dual-axis tilt sensor (4) is used to reverse calculate the vertical tilt angle of the stainless steel connecting rod (3), and combined with the depth of the pressure sensor (5), the depth of each pressure sensor (5) is reverse calculated.

10. The measuring device for correcting actual shallow ocean profile temperature according to claim 6, characterized in that, This device is used in marine environmental monitoring of ships and in real-time seawater temperature monitoring of ports and ships.

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