A wavefront sensor parameter configuration method and related device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of optical measurement, and discloses a wavefront sensor parameter configuration method and related equipment. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a measurement requirement parameter of a human eye wavefront aberration, and gradually determining a basic size parameter, calculating a microlens focal length upper limit, determining a focal length and a pixel size, and verifying sensitivity. The sensor configuration can be dynamically adjusted according to actual requirements, thereby solving the problem that the measurement precision and the applicable range are limited due to the fixed parameters in the prior art. The wavefront sensor parameters can be dynamically configured according to actual measurement requirement parameters, thereby taking into account large dynamic range and high resolution measurement, and the detection precision and the applicable range of the wavefront sensor are systematically improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of optical measurement technology, and more specifically, to a method for configuring wavefront sensor parameters and related equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Wavefront aberrations in the human eye are an important indicator for assessing visual quality, reflecting the deviation between the human eye's refractive system and an ideal optical system. These aberrations include not only common low-order aberrations such as defocus and astigmatism, but also higher-order aberrations such as spherical aberration and coma, which significantly affect visual quality. The Shaker-Hartmann wavefront sensor (SH-WFS), as a high-precision, high-speed wavefront measurement tool, is widely used for detecting wavefront aberrations in the human eye. This sensor consists of a microlens array and an image detector located at the focal plane of the microlens array, reconstructing wavefront aberrations by analyzing spot displacement.

[0003] However, traditional SH-WFS methods have limitations in parameter configuration, making it difficult to simultaneously meet the requirements of large dynamic range and high-resolution measurement. Specifically, in existing technologies, once the number, size, and focal length of the sub-apertures of the microlens array are fixed, it is impossible to dynamically configure the sensor parameters according to actual measurement needs. Consequently, it is impossible to simultaneously achieve high-precision detection of different refractive power ranges and high-resolution capture of wavefront details, affecting measurement accuracy and applicability.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies urgently need improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a wavefront sensor parameter configuration method and related equipment, which can dynamically configure wavefront sensor parameters according to actual measurement requirements, thereby taking into account both large dynamic range and high resolution measurement, and improving detection accuracy and applicability.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a method for configuring parameters of a wavefront sensor, used to configure the parameters of a Shak-Hartmann wavefront sensor, wherein the Shak-Hartmann wavefront sensor includes a microlens array and an image detector located at the focal plane of the microlens array, and the image detector has a pixel array corresponding to the imaging range of each microlens in the microlens array; the method includes the following steps:

[0007] A1. Obtain the required parameters for measuring wavefront aberration of the human eye; the required parameters include maximum pupil diameter, target spatial resolution, target refractive power range, and target refractive detection accuracy;

[0008] A2. Determine the basic size parameters based on the target spatial resolution and the maximum pupil diameter; the basic size parameters include the light transmission aperture, the microlens array size, the image detector target surface size, the aperture of a single microlens, and the array parameters of the microlens array;

[0009] A3. Based on the target refractive power range, calculate the maximum wavefront slope of the microlens at the edge of the aperture, and determine the upper limit of the microlens focal length according to the maximum wavefront slope and the single microlens aperture.

[0010] A4. Determine the focal length of the microlens array within a range not exceeding the upper limit of the microlens focal length;

[0011] A5. Based on the determined focal length of the microlens and the sampling requirements calculated from the centroid of the light spot, determine the pixel size of the image detector;

[0012] A6. Based on the determined pixel size and the target refractive detection accuracy, verify whether the determined microlens focal length meets the sensitivity requirements.

[0013] Preferably, step A2 includes:

[0014] The aperture of the individual microlens is configured to be no larger than the target spatial resolution;

[0015] The aperture diameter is determined within a range not less than L; L is the maximum pupil diameter.

[0016] Within a size range not less than L*L, determine the size of the microlens array and the size of the image detector target surface;

[0017] The number of rows and columns N is calculated based on the light transmission aperture and the aperture of a single microlens, and the array parameters of the microlens array are configured as N*N.

[0018] Preferably, step A3 includes:

[0019] A301. Obtain the maximum refractive power value within the target refractive power range, and convert the maximum refractive power value into defocus term coefficients using the Zernike polynomial principle;

[0020] A302. Construct a wavefront aberration mathematical model based on the defocus term coefficients;

[0021] A303. Based on the wavefront aberration mathematical model and the radial distance range from the microlens at the edge of the light-transmitting aperture to the center of the microlens array, calculate the wavefront PV value corresponding to the microlens at the edge of the light-transmitting aperture;

[0022] A304. Calculate the maximum wavefront slope of the microlens at the edge of the light-transmitting aperture based on the wavefront PV value and the aperture of the single microlens;

[0023] A305. Calculate the upper limit of the microlens focal length based on the maximum wavefront slope, the aperture of the single microlens, and the preset working wavelength.

[0024] Preferably, in step A304, the maximum wavefront slope is calculated using the following formula:

[0025] ;

[0026] in, The maximum wavefront slope, d represents the wavefront PV value, and d represents the aperture of the single microlens.

[0027] Preferably, in step A305, the upper limit of the microlens focal length is calculated according to the following formula:

[0028] ;

[0029] in, This represents the upper limit of the microlens focal length. The maximum wavefront slope is denoted by d, and the aperture of a single microlens is denoted by d. The preset operating wavelength.

[0030] Preferably, step A5 includes:

[0031] A501. Calculate the Airy disk diameter of the microlens image based on the determined microlens focal length, the aperture of the single microlens, and the preset working wavelength;

[0032] A502. Based on the Airy disk diameter and the sampling requirements for calculating the spot centroid, calculate the maximum allowable pixel size of the image detector; the sampling requirements for calculating the spot centroid limit the minimum number of pixels that a single Airy disk diameter needs to cover.

[0033] A502. Determine the cell size within a range not greater than the maximum permissible cell size.

[0034] Preferably, step A6 includes:

[0035] A601. Calculate the minimum measurable wavefront aberration of the microlens based on the target refractive detection accuracy;

[0036] A602. Calculate the lower limit of the microlens focal length based on the determined pixel size, the preset subpixel resolution coefficient, and the minimum measurable wavefront aberration.

[0037] A603. Compare the determined microlens focal length with the lower limit of the microlens focal length. If the determined microlens focal length is not less than the lower limit of the microlens focal length, then the determined microlens focal length meets the sensitivity requirement; otherwise, the determined microlens focal length does not meet the sensitivity requirement, and return to step A2.

[0038] Preferably, in step A602, the lower limit of the microlens focal length is calculated according to the following formula:

[0039] ;

[0040] in, This represents the lower limit of the microlens focal length. The preset subpixel resolution coefficient, For a given cell size, The minimum measurable wavefront aberration is given.

[0041] Secondly, this application provides an electronic device including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a computer program executable by the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, it performs the steps in the wavefront sensor parameter configuration method described above.

[0042] Thirdly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the wavefront sensor parameter configuration method as described above.

[0043] Beneficial effects: The wavefront sensor parameter configuration method and related equipment provided in this application obtain the measurement requirements parameters of human eye wavefront aberration, and gradually determine the basic size parameters, calculate the upper limit of microlens focal length, determine the focal length and pixel size, and verify the sensitivity. It can dynamically adjust the sensor configuration according to actual needs, thereby solving the problem of limited measurement accuracy and applicable range caused by fixed parameters in the prior art. It has the advantage of being able to dynamically configure wavefront sensor parameters according to actual measurement requirements, thereby taking into account both large dynamic range and high resolution measurement, and systematically improving the detection accuracy and applicable range of wavefront sensors. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a wavefront sensor parameter configuration method provided in this application.

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the correspondence between the microlens array and the pixels of the image detector.

[0046] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in this application.

[0047] Labeling explanations: 301, processor; 302, memory; 303, communication bus. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0049] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, in the description of this application, terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 1 This application discloses a wavefront sensor parameter configuration method in some embodiments, used for configuring parameters of a Shak-Hartmann wavefront sensor. The Shak-Hartmann wavefront sensor includes a microlens array and an image detector located at the focal plane of the microlens array. The image detector has a pixel array (e.g., ...) corresponding to the imaging range of each microlens in the microlens array. Figure 2 (As shown); the method includes the following steps:

[0051] A1. Obtain the required parameters for measuring wavefront aberration of the human eye; the required parameters include maximum pupil diameter, target spatial resolution, target refractive power range, and target refractive detection accuracy;

[0052] A2. Determine the basic size parameters based on the target spatial resolution and the maximum pupil diameter; the basic size parameters include the light transmission aperture, the microlens array size, the image detector target surface size, the aperture of a single microlens, and the array parameters of the microlens array;

[0053] A3. Based on the target refractive power range, calculate the maximum wavefront slope of the microlens at the edge of the aperture, and determine the upper limit of the microlens focal length according to the maximum wavefront slope and the single microlens aperture.

[0054] A4. Determine the focal length of the microlens array within a range not exceeding the upper limit of the microlens focal length;

[0055] A5. Based on the determined focal length of the microlens and the sampling requirements calculated from the centroid of the light spot, determine the pixel size of the image detector;

[0056] A6. Based on the determined pixel size and the target refractive detection accuracy, verify whether the determined microlens focal length meets the sensitivity requirements.

[0057] The Shack-Hartmann Wavefront Sensor (SH-WFS) is a commonly used wavefront measurement device. Its core components include a microlens array and an image detector. The microlens array is used to divide the incident wavefront into multiple sub-apertures, and the wavefront slope within each sub-aperture is reflected by the displacement of the light spot formed on the image detector. The image detector is responsible for capturing these light spot images and converting them into electrical signals for processing.

[0058] The microlens array consists of multiple tiny lens units, each corresponding to a sub-aperture. These microlenses are typically arranged in a regular pattern, such as a square array (e.g., Figure 2 The left-hand square array of microlenses primarily functions to decompose the incident wavefront into a series of tiny wavefronts, forming corresponding light spots on the image detector. The size of the microlens array, the aperture of individual microlenses, and array parameters (such as the number of rows and columns) directly affect the spatial resolution and dynamic range of the wavefront sensor.

[0059] The image detector, typically a CCD or CMOS sensor, is located on the focal plane of the microlens array. Its function is to receive the individual light spots formed by the microlens array and convert the intensity and phase distribution of these spots into digital image data. The target surface size and pixel size of the image detector are key parameters, determining the sampling accuracy of the light spots and the overall measurement range. The pixel array refers to the array of pixels on the image detector corresponding to the imaging range of each microlens in the microlens array (e.g., ...). Figure 2 The right-hand square array is used to accurately capture the centroid position of the light spot.

[0060] Among these, the parameters required for measuring human eye wavefront aberrations are fundamental to configuring wavefront sensor parameters. These include maximum pupil diameter, target spatial resolution, target refractive power range, and target refractive detection accuracy. Maximum pupil diameter limits the maximum range of human eye measurement; target spatial resolution determines the ability to capture wavefront details; target refractive power range defines the range of refractive power variations the sensor can measure; and target refractive detection accuracy sets the accuracy requirements for the measurement results. Accurate acquisition of these parameters is a prerequisite for ensuring that the wavefront sensor performance meets the needs of practical applications.

[0061] This embodiment provides a method for configuring wavefront sensor parameters to address the problem of insufficient spatial resolution and inability to achieve high-resolution measurements when conventional Shak-Hartmann wavefront sensors measure human eye wavefront aberrations. This method systematically optimizes the key parameters of the Shak-Hartmann wavefront sensor through a systematic approach, thereby improving the resolution of human eye wavefront aberration measurements and reducing spatial sampling errors.

[0062] In step A1, the required parameters for measuring human eye wavefront aberration are obtained. These parameters include maximum pupil diameter, target spatial resolution, target refractive power range, and target refractive detection accuracy. For example, these parameters can be obtained through user input, preset database queries, or standards relevant to specific application scenarios. Obtaining these parameters provides a foundation for subsequent parameter configuration, ensuring that the configuration process is optimized for the actual measurement target and avoiding insufficient accuracy or performance redundancy caused by blind configuration.

[0063] In step A2, basic size parameters are determined based on the target spatial resolution and the maximum pupil diameter. These basic size parameters include the aperture, microlens array size, image detector target surface size, individual microlens aperture, and array parameters of the microlens array. These basic size parameters are all key parameters that the Shaker-Hartmann wavefront sensor needs to configure. For example, the aperture can be configured to be the same as the maximum pupil diameter to ensure complete coverage of the human eye measurement range. The microlens array size and image detector target surface size can be configured to be no less than the square of the aperture and matched to ensure complete wavefront information is obtained. The individual microlens aperture can be configured to be no greater than the target spatial resolution (e.g., the same as the target spatial resolution) to obtain high-resolution subtle features of human eye aberrations. The array parameters of the microlens array, such as the number of rows and columns N, can be calculated based on the aperture and the individual microlens aperture and configured as an N*N square array. Determining these basic size parameters allows the sensor size to directly match the measurement range and resolution requirements, thereby enhancing spatial sampling capabilities.

[0064] In step A3, based on the target refractive power range, the maximum wavefront slope of the microlens at the edge of the aperture is calculated, and the upper limit of the microlens focal length is determined according to the maximum wavefront slope and the diameter of a single microlens. Specifically, the maximum refractive power value within the target refractive power range can be obtained and converted into defocus coefficients using the Zernike polynomial principle. A wavefront aberration mathematical model is constructed based on these defocus coefficients. According to the wavefront aberration mathematical model and the radial distance range from the microlens at the edge of the aperture to the center of the microlens array, the wavefront PV value corresponding to the microlens at the edge of the aperture is calculated. Subsequently, based on the wavefront PV value and the diameter of a single microlens, the maximum wavefront slope of the microlens at the edge of the aperture is calculated. Finally, based on the maximum wavefront slope, the diameter of a single microlens, and the preset operating wavelength, the upper limit of the microlens focal length is calculated. This step limits the focal length to prevent measurement distortion caused by a large-slope wavefront, ensuring the accuracy of the sensor in aberration measurements over a wide dynamic range.

[0065] In step A4, the focal length of the microlens array is determined within a range not exceeding the upper limit of the microlens focal length. For example, the upper limit can be selected for the microlens focal length. The microlens focal length is one of the key parameters that need to be configured in a Shaker-Hartmann wavefront sensor. By determining the focal length within the upper limit range, the focal length can be optimized to handle large dynamic range aberrations, ensuring stable measurements under high refractive power variations, thereby improving the sensor's adaptability.

[0066] In step A5, the pixel size of the image detector is determined based on the determined microlens focal length and the sampling requirements for the spot centroid calculation. Pixel size is one of the parameters that the Shaker-Hartmann wavefront sensor needs to be configured with. Specifically, the Airy disk diameter of the microlens imaging can be calculated based on the determined microlens focal length, the aperture of a single microlens, and the preset operating wavelength. Subsequently, based on the Airy disk diameter and the sampling requirements for the spot centroid calculation, the maximum permissible pixel size of the image detector is calculated. The sampling requirements for the spot centroid calculation limit the minimum number of pixels that a single Airy disk diameter needs to cover. Finally, the pixel size is determined within a range not exceeding the maximum permissible pixel size. This step ensures the sampling density of the spot imaging, improves the accuracy and resolution of the centroid calculation, and thus improves the accuracy of wavefront measurement.

[0067] In step A6, based on the determined pixel size and target refractive detection accuracy, the determined microlens focal length is verified to meet the sensitivity requirements. Specifically, the minimum measurable wavefront aberration can be calculated based on the target refractive detection accuracy. Subsequently, based on the determined pixel size, the preset subpixel resolution coefficient, and the minimum measurable wavefront aberration, the lower limit of the microlens focal length is calculated. Finally, the determined microlens focal length is compared with the lower limit. If the determined microlens focal length is not less than the lower limit, the determined microlens focal length is determined to meet the sensitivity requirements; otherwise, the determined microlens focal length is determined not to meet the sensitivity requirements, and the process returns to step A2 for parameter reconfiguration. This closed-loop verification process ensures that the overall configuration meets the detection accuracy requirements, solves the problem of insufficient sensitivity, and thus guarantees the reliability of the wavefront sensor.

[0068] Compared with traditional Shak-Hartmann wavefront sensor parameter configuration methods, the technical solution of this application has significant technical contributions. Traditional methods often rely on experience or single parameter optimization, making it difficult to simultaneously meet the requirements of large dynamic range and high resolution, resulting in insufficient spatial resolution in human eye wavefront aberration measurements. For example, in traditional methods, resolution may be improved simply by increasing the number of microlenses, but this may lead to excessively small apertures for individual microlenses, thus limiting the dynamic range and hindering the detection of aberrations with large dynamic range.

[0069] This application introduces measurement requirement parameters such as "target spatial resolution" and "target refractive range" as a starting point for configuration, making the parameter configuration process more targeted. In step A2, basic size parameters are determined based on the target spatial resolution and the maximum pupil diameter. This directly links the sensor's physical size to the measurement requirements, ensuring that the sensor can effectively cover the human eye's pupil range and provide the required resolution. For example, configuring the aperture of a single microlens to be no larger than the target spatial resolution allows the sensor to capture finer wavefront details, thereby improving the detection capability of higher-order aberrations. Furthermore, in steps A3 and A4, this application effectively solves the distortion problem in large dynamic range aberration measurements by calculating the upper limit of the microlens focal length and determining the focal length within this range. Traditional methods often cannot accurately predict the focal length requirements of large refractive power changes, leading to inaccurate measurement results. This application ensures that the sensor maintains accuracy when measuring large refractive power aberrations by calculating the maximum wavefront slope based on the target refractive power range and determining the upper limit of the focal length accordingly. In step A5, the pixel size is determined based on the sampling requirements of the microlens focal length and the centroid calculation. This ensures the sampling density of the spot imaging and improves the accuracy and resolution of the centroid calculation. Traditional methods often neglect the sampling requirements of the spot centroid calculation, leading to inappropriate pixel size selection and affecting the accuracy of wavefront reconstruction. This application ensures that the pixel size can support high-precision spot centroid calculation by considering the Airy disk diameter and the minimum number of pixels required to cover, thereby improving the overall measurement resolution. Finally, the closed-loop verification mechanism in step A6 is another innovation of this application. By verifying whether the determined microlens focal length meets the sensitivity requirements based on the target refractive detection accuracy and providing a mechanism to return to step A2 for reconfiguration, it ensures that the final configured parameter combination can meet all performance indicators. This avoids the problems of parameter mismatch or insufficient performance that may occur in traditional methods, significantly improving the reliability and practicality of the configuration results.

[0070] In summary, the wavefront sensor parameter configuration method of this application effectively solves the problem of insufficient spatial resolution and inability to achieve high-resolution measurement in human eye wavefront aberration measurement by traditional Shaker-Hartmann wavefront sensors through a systematic and refined parameter determination and optimization process, providing a reliable technical solution for achieving large dynamic range and high resolution human eye wavefront aberration measurement.

[0071] In some implementations, step A2 includes:

[0072] The aperture of the individual microlens is configured to be no larger than the target spatial resolution;

[0073] The aperture diameter is determined within a range not less than L; L is the maximum pupil diameter.

[0074] Within a size range not less than L*L, determine the size of the microlens array and the size of the image detector target surface;

[0075] The number of rows and columns N is calculated based on the light transmission aperture and the aperture of a single microlens, and the array parameters of the microlens array are configured as N*N.

[0076] The aperture of a single microlens refers to the effective diameter of each individual microlens in a microlens array (e.g., Figure 2 The size of 'd' directly determines the precision with which the wavefront sensor spatially samples the incident wavefront. The target spatial resolution refers to the minimum resolvable size of wavefront details expected in human wavefront aberration measurements. Configuring the aperture of a single microlens to be no larger than the target spatial resolution aims to ensure that the sampling capability of the microlens directly matches the measurement requirements, thereby ensuring that the wavefront sensor can capture the required accuracy of wavefront detail information. For example, the aperture of a single microlens can be configured to be the same as the target spatial resolution. Specifically, this can be achieved by selecting a commercially available microlens array with a specific aperture, or by custom-producing a microlens array so that the aperture of each microlens precisely meets the preset target spatial resolution requirements.

[0077] The aperture refers to the effective optical diameter of a wavefront sensor that allows light to pass through and be measured. The maximum pupil diameter L refers to the maximum pupil size that the human eye can reach under different lighting conditions, representing the maximum coverage required for wavefront aberration measurements. Setting the aperture to be no less than the maximum pupil diameter L ensures that all incident light within the human eye's pupil area can be effectively received and processed by the wavefront sensor during measurement, avoiding the loss of measurement information or the incomplete capture of wavefront information in edge areas due to an excessively small aperture. For example, the aperture can be directly set to the maximum pupil diameter L to achieve a compact design; or it can be set to a value slightly larger than the maximum pupil diameter L to provide a margin.

[0078] The microlens array size refers to the overall effective area of ​​the microlens array, while the image detector target surface size refers to the effective photosensitive area on the image detector used to receive the light spot image. Determining both the microlens array size and the image detector target surface size to be no less than L*L, where L is the maximum pupil diameter, aims to ensure that the microlens array and image detector have sufficient area to completely cover the incident beam area defined by the maximum pupil diameter L, thus providing a basis for comprehensive wavefront sampling. Simultaneously, requiring the microlens array size and the image detector target surface size to match ensures that all light spot images formed by the microlens array can be effectively received by the image detector, avoiding image information loss. For example, both the microlens array size and the image detector target surface size can be set to L*L to achieve precise dimensional correspondence; or they can be set to a size larger than L*L, ensuring that both are consistent in size, to accommodate a wider range of measurement needs or provide additional edge areas for calibration.

[0079] The number of rows and columns, N, refers to the number of microlenses in the row and column directions of the microlens array. Configuring the array parameters of the microlens array to N*N means that the microlenses in the array are arranged in an N*N square matrix (e.g., ...). Figure 2 (As shown in the square array on the left). This configuration optimizes the spatial sampling density by precisely calculating the number of microlenses and employing a regular square array arrangement, thereby improving the resolution of wavefront details. N can be calculated by dividing the aperture diameter by the diameter of a single microlens and rounding appropriately. For example, in practical configuration, the microlens array closest to and satisfying the N*N square array arrangement can be selected or customized based on the calculated N value to ensure that the microlens array effectively covers the aperture diameter and provides uniform spatial sampling.

[0080] This method, based on obtaining the required parameters for measuring human eye wavefront aberrations (including maximum pupil diameter, target spatial resolution, target refractive power range, and target refractive detection accuracy), further determines the basic size parameters of the wavefront sensor according to the target spatial resolution and maximum pupil diameter. Specifically, by configuring the aperture of a single microlens to be no larger than the target spatial resolution, the sampling capability of the microlens is directly matched with the required measurement accuracy, thus avoiding insufficient spatial resolution or resource waste due to improper microlens size selection. Simultaneously, the light-transmitting aperture is determined to be no less than the maximum pupil diameter L, ensuring that all incident light rays are effectively captured, preventing the omission of measurement information, and providing a complete data foundation for subsequent wavefront analysis. Based on this, the size of the microlens array and the target surface size of the image detector are determined to be within a range no less than L*L, ensuring that they match each other. This guarantees that the microlens array can completely cover the pupil area, and that all the light spot images formed can be effectively received by the image detector, providing a solid foundation for comprehensive wavefront sampling. Finally, based on the determined aperture and individual microlens aperture, the number of rows and columns N of the microlens is calculated, and the array parameters of the microlens array are configured as an N*N square array. This not only optimizes the spatial sampling density but also improves the resolution of wavefront details. Through the above series of precise parameter configurations, this scheme lays the foundation for high-resolution measurements of the Shaker-Hartmann wavefront sensor. This precise configuration of basic size parameters allows subsequent steps such as calculating the upper limit of the microlens focal length based on the target refractive power range, determining the microlens focal length, calculating the sampling requirements based on the spot centroid to determine the image detector pixel size, and verifying whether the microlens focal length meets the sensitivity requirements, all to be performed on an optimized and precise hardware basis. This ensures the accuracy and effectiveness of the entire wavefront sensor parameter configuration method, ultimately achieving high-resolution, large dynamic range measurement of human eye wavefront aberrations.

[0081] In some implementations, step A3 includes:

[0082] A301. Obtain the maximum refractive power value within the target refractive power range, and convert the maximum refractive power value into defocus term coefficients using the Zernike polynomial principle;

[0083] A302. Construct a wavefront aberration mathematical model based on the defocus term coefficients;

[0084] A303. Based on the wavefront aberration mathematical model and the radial distance range from the microlens at the edge of the light-transmitting aperture to the center of the microlens array, calculate the wavefront PV value corresponding to the microlens at the edge of the light-transmitting aperture;

[0085] A304. Calculate the maximum wavefront slope of the microlens at the edge of the light-transmitting aperture based on the wavefront PV value and the aperture of the single microlens;

[0086] A305. Calculate the upper limit of the microlens focal length based on the maximum wavefront slope, the aperture of the single microlens, and the preset working wavelength.

[0087] In step A301, obtaining the maximum refractive power value within the target refractive power range refers to determining the maximum degree of refractive error in the human eye that the wavefront sensor needs to cover. For example, the target refractive power range can be expressed as... The maximum refractive power value is The maximum refractive power value can be set according to clinical needs or a preset measurement range, for example, by inputting it through a user interface or selecting it from a predefined parameter list. Converting the maximum refractive power value into defocus coefficients using the Zernike polynomial principle is to transform commonly used clinical refractive power parameters into a mathematical description of optical wavefront aberrations, facilitating subsequent wavefront aberration modeling and calculation. This conversion can be achieved by consulting a pre-established correspondence table between refractive power and Zernike defocus coefficients, or by applying specific mathematical conversion formulas, for example... ,in, Here, S is the defocus term coefficient, S is the refractive power (in step A301, S is taken as the negative of the maximum refractive power value), and R is the pupil radius (taken as half of the aperture). The defocus term coefficient is a specific coefficient in the Zernike polynomial used to quantify the defocus aberration component in the wavefront and is one of the fundamental parameters for constructing a wavefront aberration mathematical model.

[0088] In step A302, constructing a wavefront aberration mathematical model based on the defocus term coefficients refers to establishing a mathematical expression that describes the spatial distribution of wavefront aberrations based on the obtained defocus term coefficients. This model forms the basis for subsequent calculations of the wavefront PV value and wavefront slope. The model can be constructed by substituting the defocus term coefficients into the standard expansion of the Zernike polynomial, thereby obtaining a function describing the wavefront shape. Specifically, the standard form of this function is: , This is the normalized value of the radial distance from a point on the microlens array to the center of the microlens array. The radial distance from a point on the microlens array to the center of the microlens array. For corresponding wavefront aberration, For corresponds to The wavefront aberration, due to This standard form can be converted to This function is the mathematical model of wavefront aberration.

[0089] In step A303, based on the wavefront aberration mathematical model and the radial distance range from the microlens at the edge of the aperture to the center of the microlens array, the wavefront PV value corresponding to the microlens at the edge of the aperture is calculated. This aims to quantify the extreme variation of wavefront aberration within the area covered by the outermost microlens of the wavefront sensor measurement area. This radial distance range is [Rd, R], which defines the range of radial distances from the area covered by the outermost microlens to the center of the microlens array, where R is equal to half the aperture and d is the aperture of a single microlens. The wavefront PV value can be calculated by substituting the maximum value R of the radial distance range into the aforementioned wavefront aberration mathematical model. The first wavefront aberration was calculated. Substituting the minimum value Rd of the radial distance range into the above wavefront aberration mathematical model... The second wavefront aberration was calculated. Then use the first wave of aberrations Subtracting the second wave pre-wave aberration The wavefront PV value is obtained.

[0090] In step A304, the maximum wavefront slope of the microlens at the edge of the light-transmitting aperture is calculated based on the wavefront PV value and the aperture of a single microlens. This is to determine the maximum angle of light deflection at the edge of the wavefront sensor's measurement area. This maximum wavefront slope is one of the key parameters for designing the microlens focal length. The calculation can be approximated by dividing the wavefront PV value by the aperture of a single microlens. ,in, The maximum wavefront slope, This method provides a fast and efficient estimation of the wavefront PV value. Alternatively, the maximum gradient value can be found by performing gradient calculations on the wavefront aberration mathematical model in the edge region of the aperture; this maximum gradient value is the maximum wavefront slope.

[0091] In step A305, the upper limit of the microlens focal length is calculated based on the maximum wavefront slope, the aperture of a single microlens, and the preset operating wavelength. This aims to determine the maximum allowable focal length for each microlens in the microlens array, ensuring accurate measurement of the maximum wavefront slope and focusing the light spot within the effective range of the image detector. The preset operating wavelength is the wavelength of light used by the wavefront sensor during measurement. The upper limit of the microlens focal length can be calculated in one of the following ways: one is by applying a specific optical formula that considers the diffraction limit and spot displacement, for example... ,in, This represents the upper limit of the microlens focal length. The preset operating wavelength is used. Another approach is to use optical simulation software to input parameters such as the maximum wavefront slope, the aperture of a single microlens, and the operating wavelength, and perform iterative optimization to determine the maximum allowable focal length while meeting specific optical performance indicators (such as the light spot not overflowing the detector pixel).

[0092] This method first obtains the required parameters for measuring wavefront aberrations in the human eye, including maximum pupil diameter, target spatial resolution, target refractive power range, and target refractive detection accuracy. Based on this, to accurately determine the upper limit of the microlens focal length, this method further refines step A3. Specifically, firstly, the maximum refractive power value within the target refractive power range is obtained and converted into defocus coefficients using the Zernike polynomial principle. This conversion step is crucial, as it accurately maps the clinically understandable concept of refractive power to the mathematical description of optical wavefront aberrations, thus avoiding errors that might be introduced by directly using refractive power values ​​and laying the foundation for subsequent accurate calculations. Subsequently, a wavefront aberration mathematical model is constructed based on this defocus coefficient. This mathematical model is a quantitative representation of the spatial distribution of wavefront aberrations, providing a theoretical basis for subsequent wavefront analysis. Next, based on the constructed wavefront aberration mathematical model and the radial distance range from the microlens at the edge of the aperture to the center of the microlens array, the wavefront PV value corresponding to the microlens at the edge of the aperture is calculated. This calculation focuses on the extreme variations of wavefront aberrations in the pupil edge region, as these areas typically bear the largest wavefront slopes and significantly impact sensor performance. By accurately calculating the PV value, the maximum deviation of wavefront aberrations can be captured, providing accurate input for subsequent slope calculations. Based on this, the maximum wavefront slope of the microlens at the edge of the aperture is calculated using the calculated wavefront PV value and the aperture diameter of a single microlens. This step directly quantifies the steepness of the wavefront variation and is the core basis for determining the upper limit of the microlens focal length. Finally, combining this maximum wavefront slope, the aperture diameter of a single microlens, and the preset operating wavelength, the upper limit of the microlens focal length is calculated. The introduction of the operating wavelength ensures that the calculation of the upper limit of the focal length fully considers the diffraction effect of light, ensuring that the focal length setting conforms to actual optical principles. Through the above systematic calculation process, this method provides an accurate and reliable basis for determining the upper limit of the microlens focal length in the aforementioned wavefront sensor parameter configuration method. It transforms abstract refractive power requirements into specific wavefront aberration parameters and, through a series of rigorous mathematical calculations, ensures the accurate quantification of the maximum wavefront slope, ultimately obtaining the upper limit of the microlens focal length that conforms to optical principles. This not only improves the accuracy and operability of the entire parameter configuration method but also enables the configured Shaker-Hartmann wavefront sensor to more accurately measure human eye wavefront aberrations. Especially under the requirements of large dynamic range and high resolution measurement, it can effectively handle defocus term conversion and wavefront slope quantization issues, thereby obtaining more subtle human eye wavefront aberration characteristics.

[0093] Through the above technical solution, this application provides a systematic and refined calculation process for determining the upper limit of the microlens focal length in the Shaker-Hartmann wavefront sensor parameter configuration method. This process accurately converts the maximum refractive power value within the target refractive power range into a defocus term coefficient, and constructs a wavefront aberration mathematical model based on this, effectively solving the problem of inaccurate defocus term conversion in traditional methods. Furthermore, by calculating the wavefront PV value and maximum wavefront slope in the edge region of the aperture, this solution can accurately capture extreme changes in wavefront aberrations, thus overcoming the limitation of insufficient wavefront slope quantization. Finally, the upper limit of the microlens focal length is calculated in conjunction with the preset working wavelength, ensuring the scientific validity and reliability of the focal length setting. Compared with methods that determine the upper limit of the focal length solely based on experience or simplified models, this solution significantly improves the accuracy and precision of parameter configuration. This enables the configured Shaker-Hartmann wavefront sensor to measure human eye wavefront aberrations more accurately, especially under the requirements of large dynamic range and high resolution measurement. It can effectively handle complex defocus terms and higher-order aberrations, thereby obtaining more subtle and realistic human eye wavefront aberration features, providing more reliable data support for ophthalmic diagnosis and personalized vision correction.

[0094] In some implementations, step A5 includes:

[0095] A501. Calculate the Airy disk diameter of the microlens image based on the determined microlens focal length, the aperture of the single microlens, and the preset working wavelength;

[0096] A502. Based on the Airy disk diameter and the sampling requirements for calculating the spot centroid, calculate the maximum allowable pixel size of the image detector; the sampling requirements for calculating the spot centroid limit the minimum number of pixels that a single Airy disk diameter needs to cover.

[0097] A502. Determine the cell size within a range not greater than the maximum permissible cell size.

[0098] Step A501 aims to precisely quantify the size of the diffraction spot formed by the microlens on the image detector. The focal length of the microlens is the distance at which the microlens focuses parallel light to a point, and its value directly affects the spot size. The aperture of a single microlens determines the diameter of the beam entering the microlens, thus affecting the diffraction effect. The preset working wavelength refers to the specific wavelength of light used for wavefront measurement; different wavelengths produce different diffraction effects. By comprehensively considering these three parameters, the Airy disk diameter of the microlens imaging can be calculated based on optical diffraction theory. For example, the classic Airy disk diameter calculation formula can be used, specifically... ,in, The diameter of the Airy disk is... The focal length of the microlens is determined either by a numerical simulation method, such as calculation based on Fourier optics principles. This calculation provides an objective physical basis for subsequent determination of the pixel size, avoiding empirical or subjective estimations.

[0099] Step A502 is used to determine the upper limit of the image detector's pixel size to ensure the accuracy of the spot centroid calculation. The Airy disk diameter is the minimum spot size for microlens imaging. To accurately calculate the centroid position of this spot, the image detector needs to sample it sufficiently. The sampling requirement for spot centroid calculation refers to the minimum number of pixels that a single Airy disk diameter needs to cover on the image detector to achieve the expected centroid positioning accuracy. For example, this sampling requirement can be set to at least 4 pixels (n=4) covered by the Airy disk diameter, or for higher accuracy, at least 8 pixels (n=8) can be required. The maximum permissible pixel size of the image detector can be obtained by dividing the Airy disk diameter by this minimum number of pixels, expressed by the formula: ,in, Where n is the maximum permissible pixel size, and n is the minimum number of pixels required to cover a single Airy spot diameter. This ensures that there are enough pixels to characterize the shape and position of the spot when calculating the spot centroid, thereby improving measurement accuracy.

[0100] Step A503, which determines the cell size within a range not exceeding the maximum permissible cell size, aims to ultimately determine the cell size of the image detector. After calculating the maximum permissible cell size, the actual selected cell size must not exceed this maximum permissible value. This means that a value equal to the maximum permissible cell size can be chosen to minimize the number of cells while meeting sampling requirements, thereby reducing data processing volume and cost; alternatively, a value smaller than the maximum permissible cell size can be chosen to provide finer sampling and further improve centroid calculation accuracy, but this may increase data volume and hardware costs. This step provides a flexible range for cell size selection, allowing optimization based on specific application needs and cost considerations, while strictly ensuring sufficient sampling for spot centroid calculation.

[0101] This scheme works in conjunction with other steps in the aforementioned wavefront sensor parameter configuration method. After determining the microlens focal length in step A4, this scheme immediately uses this focal length and other optical parameters to accurately calculate the Airy disk diameter and the maximum permissible pixel size, thus providing a scientific basis for determining the pixel size in step A5. In this way, this scheme ensures that the pixel size of the image detector matches the optical characteristics of the microlens array and the accuracy requirements of wavefront measurement. This refined parameter configuration enables the Shaker-Hartmann wavefront sensor to more accurately capture the subtle features of human eye wavefront aberrations, achieving high-resolution detection of human eye wavefront aberrations and effectively solving the problem of decreased measurement accuracy or wasted resources due to unreasonable pixel size settings in traditional methods.

[0102] Through the above technical solution, this application enables precise configuration of the pixel size of the Shaker-Hartmann wavefront sensor image detector. By introducing the calculation of the Airy disk diameter and combining it with the sampling requirements of the spot centroid calculation to determine the maximum allowable pixel size, the pixel size determination process has a clear physical basis and quantitative standard. This effectively avoids the problems of decreased measurement accuracy or waste of resources caused by unreasonable pixel size settings in traditional methods. Specifically, when the pixel size is too large, the spot centroid calculation may produce large errors due to insufficient sampling, affecting the accuracy of wavefront measurement; while when the pixel size is too small, although the sampling is sufficient, it may lead to increased image detector cost and increased data processing volume, resulting in waste of resources. This solution ensures sufficient sampling for spot centroid calculation by precisely limiting the upper limit of the pixel size, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of wavefront measurement, while allowing for optimized resource utilization under the premise of meeting accuracy requirements, thus enabling the wavefront sensor to more effectively perform high-resolution detection of human eye wavefront aberrations.

[0103] In some implementations, step A6 includes:

[0104] A601. Calculate the minimum measurable wavefront aberration of the microlens based on the target refractive detection accuracy;

[0105] A602. Calculate the lower limit of the microlens focal length based on the determined pixel size, the preset subpixel resolution coefficient, and the minimum measurable wavefront aberration.

[0106] A603. Compare the determined microlens focal length with the lower limit of the microlens focal length. If the determined microlens focal length is not less than the lower limit of the microlens focal length, then the determined microlens focal length meets the sensitivity requirement; otherwise, the determined microlens focal length does not meet the sensitivity requirement, and return to step A2.

[0107] In step A601, the minimum measurable wavefront aberration of the microlens is calculated based on the target refractive detection accuracy. This aims to quantify the minimum wavefront change that the wavefront sensor system can effectively detect, according to preset detection accuracy requirements. The minimum measurable wavefront aberration is a key indicator of sensor sensitivity, directly reflecting the system's ability to capture minute aberrations. This minimum measurable wavefront aberration can be calculated by substituting the negative value of the target refractive detection accuracy into the defocus coefficient calculation formula mentioned earlier. In the refractive power S of the image, the corresponding defocus coefficient is obtained and denoted as the second defocus coefficient (for distinction, the defocus coefficient calculated in step A301 can be denoted as the first defocus coefficient). Then, a wavefront aberration mathematical model is constructed based on the second defocus coefficient (the specific process can be referred to in step A302), denoted as the second wavefront aberration mathematical model (for distinction, the wavefront aberration mathematical model constructed in step A302 can be denoted as the first wavefront aberration mathematical model). The corresponding wavefront PV value is calculated according to the second wavefront aberration mathematical model (the calculation process can be referred to in steps A302 and A303), denoted as the second wavefront PV value (for distinction, the wavefront PV value calculated in step A303 can be denoted as the first wavefront PV value). The second wavefront PV value is used as the minimum measurable wavefront aberration.

[0108] In step A602, based on the determined pixel size, preset subpixel resolution coefficient, and minimum measurable wavefront aberration, the lower limit of the microlens focal length is calculated. The purpose is to determine the minimum requirement that the microlens focal length must meet to ensure that, given the pixel size and subpixel resolution coefficient, the system can accurately detect the minimum measurable wavefront aberration calculated in step A601. If the focal length is too short, even with a small wavefront slope, the resulting centroid displacement on the image detector may be less than one pixel or cannot be effectively captured by the subpixel resolution, leading to insufficient sensitivity. The calculation of this lower limit of the focal length can be based on the physical relationship between the centroid displacement of the spot, the wavefront slope, the microlens focal length, the pixel size, and the subpixel resolution coefficient. A mathematical model can be constructed, and the lower limit of the microlens focal length can be derived from it. For example, the lower limit of the microlens focal length can be calculated using the following formula: ,in, This represents the lower limit of the microlens focal length. The preset subpixel resolution coefficient, For a given cell size (where, (Not greater than 1 / 10, for example, it can be taken as 1 / 20). Alternatively, numerical simulation or experimental verification can be used to determine the critical value of the microlens focal length that can meet the requirements of minimum measurable wavefront aberration detection under different combinations of pixel size and sub-pixel resolution coefficient, thereby obtaining the lower limit value of the focal length.

[0109] In step A603, the determined microlens focal length is compared with the lower limit value of the microlens focal length. If the determined microlens focal length is not less than the lower limit value, the determined microlens focal length is determined to meet the sensitivity requirements; otherwise, the determined microlens focal length is determined not to meet the sensitivity requirements, and the process returns to step A2. This step provides a crucial verification and feedback mechanism to evaluate whether the microlens focal length determined during parameter configuration meets the expected sensitivity requirements. This comparison and judgment ensures the validity of the configuration results and provides a clear direction for adjustment when requirements are not met, avoiding invalid configuration schemes. This comparison and judgment can be achieved by integrating a logic judgment module into the parameter configuration software, automatically receiving the determined microlens focal length and the calculated lower limit value of the focal length, performing a numerical comparison, and automatically outputting a judgment conclusion based on the comparison result. If the judgment is that the requirements are not met, the program can automatically backtrack to step A2, prompting the user or system to readjust the basic size parameters. Alternatively, the calculated microlens focal length can be compared with the lower limit value of the focal length through manual review, and a manual decision can be made based on preset judgment criteria. If the requirement is not met, manual intervention is required to adjust the relevant parameters in step A2 and re-execute the subsequent configuration process until the sensitivity requirement is met.

[0110] The verification steps described above are crucial in the entire wavefront sensor parameter configuration method, ensuring that the configured sensor meets the expected sensitivity requirements. This verification process first quantifies the minimum wavefront change that the wavefront sensor system can effectively detect, based on the preset target refractive detection accuracy. This quantification provides a clear benchmark for subsequent focal length evaluation. Next, the method comprehensively considers the determined pixel size, the preset sub-pixel resolution coefficient, and the newly calculated minimum measurable wavefront aberration to derive the minimum value that the microlens focal length must reach—the lower limit of the calculated microlens focal length. This lower limit ensures that even the smallest wavefront slope can produce a sufficiently large spot centroid displacement on the image detector, thus being effectively captured and resolved by the system. Finally, by comparing the previously determined microlens focal length with the calculated lower limit, the system verifies the effectiveness of the focal length. If the determined focal length is not less than the lower limit, it indicates that the sensitivity requirements are met, and the configuration scheme is confirmed. Conversely, if the requirements are not met, the system will provide feedback and return to step A2, prompting a readjustment of basic dimensional parameters, such as the aperture of a single microlens or the light transmission aperture, to recalculate and optimize the focal length until the sensitivity standard is met. Through this iterative verification and feedback mechanism, this scheme ensures that the configured Shaker-Hartmann wavefront sensor not only has reasonable initial parameter selection but also meets or exceeds design requirements in key sensitivity indicators. This effectively solves the problems of insufficient accuracy in the verification process and difficulty in effectively determining whether the focal length meets the minimum detection sensitivity requirement in traditional methods. This method makes the entire parameter configuration process more rigorous and reliable, significantly improving the accuracy and dynamic range of wavefront aberration measurements.

[0111] Through the above technical solution, this application provides a precise and reliable method for verifying the focal length sensitivity of a microlens. This method quantifies the abstract target refractive detection precision into the minimum measurable wavefront aberration, providing a clear physical basis for sensitivity evaluation. Furthermore, by combining pixel size and sub-pixel resolution coefficient to calculate the lower limit of the focal length, it ensures that the selected focal length can effectively capture minute wavefront changes. More importantly, the introduced comparison and feedback mechanism allows for dynamic verification and adjustment of the microlens focal length during parameter configuration, avoiding insufficient sensitivity due to improper focal length selection. This significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of the Shaker-Hartmann wavefront sensor parameter configuration, ensuring that the sensor can meet the requirements of high-resolution and large dynamic range human eye wavefront aberration measurement, thereby improving the accuracy and effectiveness of the measurement results.

[0112] Please refer to Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. The electronic device includes a processor 301 and a memory 302. The processor 301 and the memory 302 are interconnected and communicate with each other via a communication bus 303 and / or other forms of connection mechanisms (not shown). The memory 302 stores a computer program executable by the processor 301. When the electronic device is running, the processor 301 executes the computer program to perform the wavefront sensor parameter configuration method in any optional implementation of the above embodiments, to achieve the following functions: acquiring measurement requirement parameters for human eye wavefront aberration; the measurement requirement parameters include maximum pupil diameter, target spatial resolution, target refractive power range, and target refractive detection accuracy; and according to the target spatial... Based on the inter-resolution and the maximum pupil diameter, basic size parameters are determined. These basic size parameters include the aperture, microlens array size, image detector target surface size, individual microlens aperture, and microlens array parameters. Based on the target refractive power range, the maximum wavefront slope of the microlens at the edge of the aperture is calculated, and the upper limit of the microlens focal length is determined according to the maximum wavefront slope and the individual microlens aperture. Within a range not exceeding the upper limit of the microlens focal length, the microlens focal length of the microlens array is determined. Based on the determined microlens focal length and the sampling requirements for calculating the spot centroid, the pixel size of the image detector is determined. Based on the determined pixel size and the target refractive detection accuracy, the determination of the microlens focal length is verified to meet the sensitivity requirements.

[0113] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it performs the wavefront sensor parameter configuration method in any optional implementation of the above embodiments to achieve the following functions: acquiring measurement requirement parameters for human eye wavefront aberration; the measurement requirement parameters include maximum pupil diameter, target spatial resolution, target refractive power range, and target refractive detection accuracy; determining basic size parameters based on the target spatial resolution and the maximum pupil diameter; the basic size parameters include light transmission aperture, microlens array size, and image detector target surface. The system considers the size, individual microlens aperture, and array parameters of the microlens array. Based on the target refractive power range, it calculates the maximum wavefront slope of the microlens at the edge of the aperture and determines the upper limit of the microlens focal length based on the maximum wavefront slope and the individual microlens aperture. Within the range not exceeding the upper limit of the microlens focal length, it determines the microlens focal length of the microlens array. Based on the determined microlens focal length and the sampling requirements for calculating the centroid of the light spot, it determines the pixel size of the image detector. Based on the determined pixel size and the target refractive detection accuracy, it verifies whether the determined microlens focal length meets the sensitivity requirements. The computer-readable storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0114] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for configuring parameters of a wavefront sensor, used to configure parameters of a Shak-Hartmann wavefront sensor, the Shak-Hartmann wavefront sensor comprising a microlens array and an image detector located at the focal plane of the microlens array, wherein the image detector has a pixel array corresponding to the imaging range of each microlens in the microlens array; characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: A1. Obtain the required parameters for measuring wavefront aberration of the human eye; the required parameters include maximum pupil diameter, target spatial resolution, target refractive power range, and target refractive detection accuracy; A2. Determine the basic size parameters based on the target spatial resolution and the maximum pupil diameter; the basic size parameters include the light transmission aperture, the microlens array size, the image detector target surface size, the aperture of a single microlens, and the array parameters of the microlens array; A3. Based on the target refractive power range, calculate the maximum wavefront slope of the microlens at the edge of the aperture, and determine the upper limit of the microlens focal length according to the maximum wavefront slope and the single microlens aperture. A4. Determine the focal length of the microlens array within a range not exceeding the upper limit of the microlens focal length; A5. Based on the determined focal length of the microlens and the sampling requirements calculated from the centroid of the light spot, determine the pixel size of the image detector; A6. Based on the determined pixel size and the target refractive detection accuracy, verify whether the determined microlens focal length meets the sensitivity requirements; Step A3 includes: A301. Obtain the maximum refractive power value within the target refractive power range, and convert the maximum refractive power value into defocus term coefficients using the Zernike polynomial principle; A302. Construct a wavefront aberration mathematical model based on the defocus term coefficients; A303. Based on the wavefront aberration mathematical model and the radial distance range from the microlens at the edge of the light-transmitting aperture to the center of the microlens array, calculate the wavefront PV value corresponding to the microlens at the edge of the light-transmitting aperture; A304. Calculate the maximum wavefront slope of the microlens at the edge of the light-transmitting aperture based on the wavefront PV value and the aperture of the single microlens; A305. Calculate the upper limit of the microlens focal length based on the maximum wavefront slope, the aperture of a single microlens, and the preset working wavelength; In step A304, the maximum wavefront slope is calculated using the following formula: ； in, The maximum wavefront slope, The wavefront PV value is denoted as d, and the aperture of the single microlens is d. In step A305, the upper limit of the microlens focal length is calculated according to the following formula: ； in, This represents the upper limit of the microlens focal length. The preset operating wavelength.

2. The wavefront sensor parameter configuration method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step A2 includes: The aperture of the individual microlens is configured to be no larger than the target spatial resolution; The aperture diameter is determined within a range not less than L; L is the maximum pupil diameter. Within a size range not less than L*L, determine the size of the microlens array and the size of the image detector target surface; The number of rows and columns N is calculated based on the light transmission aperture and the aperture of a single microlens, and the array parameters of the microlens array are configured as N*N.

3. The wavefront sensor parameter configuration method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step A5 includes: A501. Calculate the Airy disk diameter of the microlens image based on the determined microlens focal length, the aperture of the single microlens, and the preset working wavelength; A502. Based on the Airy disk diameter and the sampling requirements for calculating the spot centroid, calculate the maximum allowable pixel size of the image detector; the sampling requirements for calculating the spot centroid limit the minimum number of pixels that a single Airy disk diameter needs to cover. A503. Determine the cell size within a range not greater than the maximum permissible cell size.

4. The wavefront sensor parameter configuration method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step A6 includes: A601. Calculate the minimum measurable wavefront aberration of the microlens based on the target refractive detection accuracy; A602. Calculate the lower limit of the microlens focal length based on the determined pixel size, the preset subpixel resolution coefficient, and the minimum measurable wavefront aberration. A603. Compare the determined microlens focal length with the lower limit of the microlens focal length. If the determined microlens focal length is not less than the lower limit of the microlens focal length, then the determined microlens focal length meets the sensitivity requirement; otherwise, the determined microlens focal length does not meet the sensitivity requirement, and return to step A2.

5. The wavefront sensor parameter configuration method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step A602, the lower limit of the microlens focal length is calculated according to the following formula: ； in, This represents the lower limit of the microlens focal length. The preset subpixel resolution coefficient, For a given cell size, The minimum measurable wavefront aberration is given.

6. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a computer program executable by the processor, which, when executing the computer program, performs the steps in the wavefront sensor parameter configuration method as described in any one of claims 1-5.

7. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it performs the steps of the wavefront sensor parameter configuration method as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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