Intelligent protection circuit and method of field-hitting power bank

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent protection circuit and method for a wireless power bank, and the method can precisely recognize the type of the power bank through the arrangement of a power control circuit, achieves the differentiated management of different power banks, and improves the management precision of the power banks. In actual use, the charge pal management and control circuit can flexibly switch the circuit state according to the issued target control instruction, so that the response efficiency and the switching accuracy for the target control instruction are improved; target control operation can be carried out in cooperation with the voltage conversion and isolation circuit, circuit faults caused by voltage mismatching and other problems are effectively avoided, and the stability of the whole intelligent protection circuit can be improved; besides, the voltage conversion and isolation circuit can effectively isolate the circuit, avoid voltage output conflict between the external voltage and the output voltage of the power bank, and enhance the safety of the whole safety protection circuit, thereby improving the use safety and stability of the power bank.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent circuit control technology, and in particular to an intelligent protection circuit and method for a portable power bank used in remote areas. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of power bank applications, with the increasing diversification of usage scenarios, higher requirements are being placed on the management and use of power banks. Currently, the management methods for power banks in the market, especially shared power banks in shared cabinets, are relatively simple. For different types of power banks, such as unlicensed power banks and ordinary power banks, there is a lack of accurate identification methods, making it difficult to implement differentiated management, resulting in poor management effectiveness and failing to meet the personalized needs of power banks in different scenarios.

[0003] Meanwhile, the management of off-the-ground power banks has significant limitations. For example, they can only be controlled to perform fixed charging or discharging operations within a short period. Users cannot quickly and flexibly adjust the operating status of the off-the-ground power bank according to their needs. When the off-the-ground power bank needs to be used as a backup power source to power shared cabinets, it may become insufficiently charged due to prolonged power supply without timely charging, affecting the use of this backup power source function. Similarly, if there is a temporary power demand for shared cabinets, and the off-the-ground power bank is currently charging, the inability to quickly switch between charging and discharging prevents it from responding quickly to the power demand of the shared cabinets, further affecting the use of the backup power source function. Therefore, it is important to provide a corresponding solution to the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the practical use of current off-the-ground power banks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an intelligent protection circuit and method for a power bank used in the field, which can flexibly and quickly switch the usage state of the power bank according to actual charging or discharging needs, while achieving safe isolation between the charging circuit and the discharging circuit, and reducing output conflicts between different voltages.

[0005] The first aspect of this invention discloses an intelligent protection circuit for a portable power bank used in the field. The circuit includes a power bank management circuit, a voltage conversion and isolation circuit, and a power control circuit, wherein: The first terminal of the power bank management circuit is electrically connected to the first terminal of the power control circuit; the second terminal of the power bank management circuit is electrically connected to the first terminal of the voltage conversion and isolation circuit; the second terminal of the voltage conversion and isolation circuit is electrically connected to the second terminal of the power control circuit; the third terminal of the power control circuit is used for connecting to an external cabinet; the communication terminal of the power bank management circuit is communicatively connected to the communication terminal of the power control circuit. The power control circuit is used to send a query command to the power bank management circuit and receive response information fed back by the power bank management circuit. The response information is used to indicate whether the power bank currently connected to the power bank management circuit is a field power bank or a regular power bank. The power control circuit is also used to generate target control instructions for the power bank management circuit according to the current circuit control requirements. The power bank management circuit is used to switch its circuit state when it receives the target control command issued by the power control circuit; simultaneously, it performs the target control operation corresponding to the target control command in conjunction with the voltage conversion and isolation circuit; wherein, the circuit state includes a charging state or a discharging state; the target control operation includes a step-down operation based on the voltage conversion and isolation circuit and a charging operation for the power bank management circuit, or a step-up operation based on the voltage conversion and isolation circuit and a discharging operation based on the power bank management circuit.

[0006] As an optional implementation, in the first aspect of the present invention, the power bank control circuit includes a first MCU and a target power bank, wherein: The communication terminal of the first MCU is communicatively connected to the communication terminal of the power control circuit; the first terminal of the first MCU is electrically connected to the first terminal of the target power bank; the second terminal of the target power bank is electrically connected to the first terminal of the power control circuit. The first MCU is used to read the power bank information corresponding to the currently connected target power bank according to the query instruction when it detects the query instruction issued by the power control circuit. The power bank information includes power bank identity information and power bank status information. The power bank identity information is used to indicate whether the target power bank is a field power bank or a regular power bank. The power bank status information is used to at least indicate the battery level of the target power bank. The first MCU is also used to perform a format conversion operation based on a preset protocol and an information encoding operation on the power bank information, and to transmit the information encoding result of the power bank information back to the power control circuit.

[0007] As an optional implementation, in the first aspect of the present invention, the power control circuit includes at least a second MCU, and the voltage conversion and isolation circuit includes a first control module and a second control module, wherein: The second terminal of the target power bank is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first control module; the second terminal of the first control module is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second MCU; the third terminal of the first control module is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second control module; the second terminal of the second control module is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second MCU; the third terminal of the second control module and the third terminal of the second MCU are both used for connecting to an external cabinet. The first control module is configured to switch its module state to a first operating state matching the target control command when it receives the target control command issued by the second MCU. The first operating state includes a normally closed state, a normally open state, or a conduction-off state. The conduction-off state is a state corresponding to the switching between conduction and off states according to a preset switching frequency. The second control module is used to switch the module state of the second control module to a second operating state that matches the target control command when it receives the target control command issued by the second MCU. The second operating state includes the normally closed state, the normally open state, or the on-off state; and the first operating state is different from the second operating state. The second control module is also used in conjunction with the first control module to respond to the transformation requirements of the target control command, so as to perform a boost operation or a buck operation on the voltage input to the voltage conversion and isolation circuit.

[0008] As an optional implementation, in the first aspect of the present invention, the first control module includes at least a first MOSFET, a pull-down resistor, a second MOSFET, a first filter capacitor, a second filter capacitor, and a transformer inductor, wherein: The second terminal of the target power bank is electrically connected to the drain of the first MOS transistor; the gate of the first MOS transistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the pull-down resistor; the second terminal of the pull-down resistor, the gate of the second MOS transistor, the first terminal of the first filter capacitor, and the first terminal of the second filter capacitor are all electrically connected to the second terminal of the second MCU. The source of the first MOSFET is electrically connected to the drain of the second MOSFET, the first terminal of the transformer inductor, and the second terminal of the first filter capacitor, respectively; the source of the second MOSFET and the second terminal of the second filter capacitor are both grounded; the second terminal of the transformer inductor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second control module.

[0009] As an optional implementation, in the first aspect of the present invention, the first MOSFET is configured to, upon receiving a first control instruction from the second MCU, control the first MOSFET and the second MOSFET to perform uninterrupted on-off operations according to the first control instruction, so as to control the transformer inductor to perform a boost operation on the voltage input to the transformer voltage; wherein, the target control instruction includes the first control instruction, and the first control instruction is used to instruct the target power bank to switch to a reverse-feedback state corresponding to the off-road power bank; The first MOSFET is further configured to, upon receiving a second control instruction from the second MCU, control the first MOSFET to switch to a preset normally open state and simultaneously control the second MOSFET to switch to a preset normally closed state, thereby controlling the transformer inductor to perform a step-down operation on the input transformer voltage; wherein, the target control instruction includes the second control instruction, and the second control instruction is used to instruct the target power bank to switch to a charging state corresponding to the ordinary power bank.

[0010] As an optional implementation, in the first aspect of the present invention, the second control module includes at least a third filter capacitor, a third MOSFET, a first resistor, a fourth filter capacitor, a fourth MOSFET, a second resistor, and a fifth filter capacitor, wherein: The second terminal of the transformer inductor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the third filter capacitor, the second terminal of the second MCU, the drain of the third MOS transistor, and the source of the fourth MOS transistor, respectively. The gate of the third MOS transistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first resistor; the source of the third MOS transistor and the first terminal of the fourth filter capacitor are both grounded; the second terminal of the first resistor and the second terminal of the fourth filter capacitor are both electrically connected to the second terminal of the second MCU. The gate of the fourth MOS transistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second resistor and the first terminal of the fifth filter capacitor, respectively; the second terminal of the second resistor is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second MCU; the second terminal of the fifth filter capacitor is used for grounding; the drain of the fourth MOS transistor is used for external cabinet connection.

[0011] As an optional implementation, in the first aspect of the present invention, the third MOSFET is used to control the third MOSFET to switch to a preset normally closed state according to the third control instruction issued by the second MCU when a third control instruction is received, and simultaneously control the fourth MOSFET to switch to a preset normally open state, so as to control the transformer inductor to perform a boost operation on the voltage input to the transformer voltage; wherein, the target control instruction includes the third control instruction, and the third control instruction is used to instruct the target power bank to switch to the reverse feed-in state corresponding to the off-road power bank; The third MOSFET is further configured to, upon receiving a fourth control instruction from the second MCU, control the third MOSFET and the fourth MOSFET to perform continuous on-off operations according to the fourth control instruction, so as to control the transformer inductor to perform a step-down operation on the input transformer voltage; wherein, the target control instruction includes the fourth control instruction, and the fourth control instruction is used to instruct the target power bank to switch to the charging state corresponding to the ordinary power bank.

[0012] The second aspect of this invention discloses an intelligent protection method for a portable power bank used in remote areas. The method is applied to an intelligent protection circuit of the portable power bank, and the circuit includes a power bank management circuit, a voltage conversion and isolation circuit, and a power control circuit. Specifically: a first terminal of the power bank management circuit is electrically connected to a first terminal of the power control circuit; a second terminal of the power bank management circuit is electrically connected to a first terminal of the voltage conversion and isolation circuit; a second terminal of the voltage conversion and isolation circuit is electrically connected to a second terminal of the power control circuit; a third terminal of the power control circuit is used for connecting to an external cabinet; and a communication terminal of the power bank management circuit is communicatively connected to the communication terminal of the power control circuit. The method includes: The power control circuit sends a query command to the power bank management circuit and receives response information from the power bank management circuit. The response information is used to indicate whether the power bank currently connected to the power bank management circuit is a field power bank or a regular power bank. The power control circuit generates a target control command for the power bank management circuit based on the current circuit control requirements. When the power bank management circuit receives the target control command issued by the power control circuit, it switches the circuit state of the power bank management circuit; at the same time, it works with the voltage conversion and isolation circuit to execute the target control operation corresponding to the target control command; wherein, the circuit state includes a charging state or a discharging state, and the target control operation includes a charging operation for the power bank management circuit, or a discharging operation based on the power bank management circuit.

[0013] As an optional implementation, in a second aspect of the present invention, the power bank management circuit includes a first MCU and a target power bank, wherein: the communication terminal of the first MCU is communicatively connected to the communication terminal of the power control circuit; a first terminal of the first MCU is electrically connected to a first terminal of the target power bank; and a second terminal of the target power bank is electrically connected to a first terminal of the power control circuit. The method further includes: When the first MCU detects the query command issued by the power control circuit, it reads the power bank information corresponding to the currently connected target power bank according to the query command. The power bank information includes power bank identity information and power bank status information. The power bank identity information is used to indicate whether the target power bank is a field power bank or a regular power bank. The power bank status information is used to at least indicate the battery level of the target power bank. The first MCU performs a format conversion operation based on a preset protocol and performs an information encoding operation on the power bank information, and transmits the information encoding result of the power bank information back to the power control circuit.

[0014] As an optional implementation, in a second aspect of the present invention, the power control circuit includes at least a second MCU, and the voltage conversion and isolation circuit includes a first control module and a second control module, wherein: the second terminal of the target power bank is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first control module; the second terminal of the first control module is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second MCU; the third terminal of the first control module is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second control module; the second terminal of the second control module is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second MCU; and the third terminal of the second control module and the third terminal of the second MCU are both used for connecting to an external cabinet. The power bank control circuit switches its circuit state, including: When the first control module receives the target control command issued by the second MCU, it switches the module state of the first control module to a first operating state that matches the target control command. The first operating state includes a normally closed state, a normally open state, or a conduction-off state. The conduction-off state is the state corresponding to the switching between conduction and off states according to a preset switching frequency. When the second control module receives the target control command issued by the second MCU, it switches the module state of the second control module to a second operating state that matches the target control command. The second operating state includes the normally closed state, the normally open state, or the on-off state; and the first operating state and the second operating state are in different operating states. The power bank management circuit, in conjunction with the voltage conversion and isolation circuit, executes the target control operation corresponding to the target control command, including: The second control module, in conjunction with the first control module, responds to the transformer requirements of the target control command to perform a boost or buck operation on the voltage input to the voltage conversion and isolation circuit.

[0015] As an optional implementation, in a second aspect of the present invention, the first control module includes at least a first MOSFET, a pull-down resistor, a second MOSFET, a first filter capacitor, a second filter capacitor, and a transformer inductor, wherein: The second terminal of the target power bank is electrically connected to the drain of the first MOS transistor; the gate of the first MOS transistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the pull-down resistor; the second terminal of the pull-down resistor, the gate of the second MOS transistor, the first terminal of the first filter capacitor, and the first terminal of the second filter capacitor are all electrically connected to the second terminal of the second MCU. The source of the first MOSFET is electrically connected to the drain of the second MOSFET, the first terminal of the transformer inductor, and the second terminal of the first filter capacitor, respectively; the source of the second MOSFET and the second terminal of the second filter capacitor are both grounded; the second terminal of the transformer inductor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second control module.

[0016] As an optional implementation, in a second aspect of the present invention, the step of switching the module state of the first control module to a first operating state matching the target control command when the first control module receives the target control command issued by the second MCU includes: When the first MOSFET receives a first control command from the second MCU, it controls the first MOSFET and the second MOSFET to perform continuous on and off operations according to the first control command, so as to control the transformer inductor to perform a boost operation on the voltage input to the transformer voltage; wherein, the target control command includes the first control command, and the first control command is used to instruct the target power bank to switch to the reverse feed state corresponding to the wilderness power bank; The step of switching the module state of the first control module to a first operating state matching the target control command when the first control module receives the target control command issued by the second MCU further includes: When the first MOSFET receives a second control command from the second MCU, it controls the first MOSFET to switch to a preset normally open state and simultaneously controls the second MOSFET to switch to a preset normally closed state, thereby controlling the transformer inductor to perform a step-down operation on the input voltage. The target control command includes the second control command, which instructs the target power bank to switch to a charging state corresponding to that of the ordinary power bank.

[0017] As an optional implementation, in a second aspect of the present invention, the second control module includes at least a third filter capacitor, a third MOSFET, a first resistor, a fourth filter capacitor, a fourth MOSFET, a second resistor, and a fifth filter capacitor, wherein: The second terminal of the transformer inductor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the third filter capacitor, the second terminal of the second MCU, the drain of the third MOS transistor, and the source of the fourth MOS transistor, respectively. The gate of the third MOS transistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first resistor; the source of the third MOS transistor and the first terminal of the fourth filter capacitor are both grounded; the second terminal of the first resistor and the second terminal of the fourth filter capacitor are both electrically connected to the second terminal of the second MCU. The gate of the fourth MOS transistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second resistor and the first terminal of the fifth filter capacitor, respectively; the second terminal of the second resistor is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second MCU; the second terminal of the fifth filter capacitor is used for grounding; the drain of the fourth MOS transistor is used for external cabinet connection.

[0018] As an optional implementation, in a second aspect of the present invention, the step of switching the module state of the second control module to a second operating state matching the target control command when the second control module receives the target control command issued by the second MCU includes: When the third MOSFET receives a third control command from the second MCU, it controls the third MOSFET to switch to a preset normally closed state according to the third control command, and simultaneously controls the fourth MOSFET to switch to a preset normally open state, so as to control the transformer inductor to perform a boost operation on the voltage input to the transformer voltage; wherein, the target control command includes the third control command, and the third control command is used to instruct the target power bank to switch to the reverse feed-in state corresponding to the wilderness power bank; The step of switching the module state of the second control module to a second operating state matching the target control command when the second control module receives the target control command from the second MCU further includes: When the third MOSFET receives a fourth control instruction from the second MCU, it controls the third MOSFET and the fourth MOSFET to perform uninterrupted on and off operations according to the fourth control instruction, so as to control the transformer inductor to perform a step-down operation on the input transformer voltage; wherein, the target control instruction includes the fourth control instruction, and the fourth control instruction is used to instruct the target power bank to switch to the charging state corresponding to the ordinary power bank.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention provides an intelligent protection circuit and method for a portable power bank used in remote areas. The circuit includes a power bank management circuit, a voltage conversion and isolation circuit, and a power control circuit. Specifically: a first terminal of the power bank management circuit is electrically connected to a first terminal of the power control circuit; a second terminal of the power bank management circuit is electrically connected to a first terminal of the voltage conversion and isolation circuit; a second terminal of the voltage conversion and isolation circuit is electrically connected to a second terminal of the power control circuit; a third terminal of the power control circuit is used for connecting to an external cabinet; a communication terminal of the power bank management circuit is communicatively connected to the communication terminal of the power control circuit; and the power control circuit is used to send query commands to the power bank management circuit and receive response information from the power bank management circuit, the response information being used to instruct the power bank... The currently connected power bank to the control circuit is either a portable power bank or a regular power bank; the power control circuit is also used to generate target control commands for the power bank control circuit according to the current circuit control requirements; the power bank control circuit is used to switch the circuit state of the power bank control circuit when it receives the target control command issued by the power control circuit; at the same time, it works with the voltage conversion and isolation circuit to execute the target control operation corresponding to the target control command; wherein, the circuit state includes charging state or discharging state; the target control operation includes a step-down operation based on the voltage conversion and isolation circuit and a charging operation for the power bank control circuit, or a step-up operation based on the voltage conversion and isolation circuit and a discharging operation based on the power bank control circuit. As can be seen, by implementing this invention and setting up a power control circuit, the type of power bank can be accurately identified, and differentiated management can be achieved for different power banks, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy and effectiveness of power bank management. Furthermore, in actual use, the power bank control circuit can flexibly switch circuit states according to the issued target control commands, improving the response efficiency and switching accuracy of the target control commands. It can also work in conjunction with the voltage conversion and isolation circuit to execute target control operations, effectively avoiding circuit failures caused by voltage mismatch and other problems, which is beneficial to improving the stability and reliability of the entire intelligent protection circuit. In addition, the voltage conversion and isolation circuit can effectively isolate the circuit, avoiding voltage output conflicts between the external voltage and the power bank's output voltage, greatly enhancing the safety of the overall safety protection circuit, thereby improving the power bank's safety, stability, and management accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent protection circuit of a power bank for outdoor use, as disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another intelligent protection circuit for a power bank used in the wilderness, as disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another intelligent protection circuit for a power bank used in the wild, as disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating an intelligent protection method for a power bank used in the wild, as disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating another intelligent protection method for a power bank used in the wild, as disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, apparatus, product, or end that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or ends.

[0024] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0025] This invention discloses an intelligent protection circuit and method for portable power banks. By setting up a power control circuit, it can accurately identify the type of power bank and implement differentiated management for different power banks, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy and effectiveness of power bank management. Furthermore, in actual use, the power bank control circuit can flexibly switch circuit states according to the issued target control commands, improving the response efficiency and switching accuracy of target control commands. It can also work in conjunction with a voltage conversion and isolation circuit to execute target control operations, effectively avoiding circuit failures caused by voltage mismatch, thus improving the stability and reliability of the entire intelligent protection circuit. In addition, the voltage conversion and isolation circuit can effectively isolate the circuit, avoiding voltage output conflicts between the external voltage and the power bank's output voltage, greatly enhancing the safety of the overall safety protection circuit, thereby improving the power bank's safety, stability, and management accuracy. Detailed descriptions follow.

[0026] Example 1 Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent protection circuit for a power bank used in wilderness areas, as disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 The intelligent protection circuit of the described portable power bank can be applied to mobile power supply devices that can rent power banks, such as shared cabinets, and the shared cabinets can connect to portable power banks. This invention is not limited in its embodiments. Figure 1 As shown, the intelligent protection circuit of this power bank for outdoor use includes at least a power bank management circuit 10, a voltage conversion and isolation circuit 20, and a power control circuit 30, wherein: The first terminal of the power bank management circuit 10 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the power control circuit 30; the second terminal of the power bank management circuit 10 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the voltage conversion and isolation circuit 20; the second terminal of the voltage conversion and isolation circuit 20 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the power control circuit 30; the third terminal of the power control circuit 30 is used for external cabinet connection; the communication terminal of the power bank management circuit 10 is communicatively connected to the communication terminal of the power control circuit 30.

[0027] The power control circuit 30 is used to send query commands to the power bank management circuit 10 and receive response information fed back by the power bank management circuit 10. The response information is used to indicate whether the power bank currently connected to the power bank management circuit 10 is a field power bank or a regular power bank.

[0028] In this embodiment of the invention, a function for determining the type of the currently connected power bank is set in the power control circuit, thereby enabling differentiated management strategies for different types of power banks, which helps to improve the accuracy and effectiveness of power bank management.

[0029] The power control circuit 30 is also used to generate target control instructions for the power bank management circuit 10 according to the current circuit control requirements.

[0030] The power bank management circuit 10 is used to switch the circuit state of the power bank management circuit 10 when it receives a target control command issued by the power control circuit 30; at the same time, it works with the voltage conversion and isolation circuit 20 to execute the target control operation corresponding to the target control command; wherein, the circuit state includes a charging state or a discharging state; the target control operation includes a step-down operation based on the voltage conversion and isolation circuit 20 and a charging operation for the power bank management circuit 10, or a step-up operation based on the voltage conversion and isolation circuit 20 and a discharging operation based on the power bank management circuit 10.

[0031] In this embodiment of the invention, after receiving the target control command from the power control circuit, the power bank management circuit can flexibly switch its own circuit state, including charging state and discharging state. For example, when the power bank's power is insufficient and needs to be charged, it can switch to charging state; when it needs to supply power to external devices (such as server racks), it can switch to discharging state. This flexible state switching function enables the intelligent protection circuit to adapt to various different usage scenarios, which is beneficial to improving the overall flexibility and applicability of the intelligent protection circuit, while also improving the switching flexibility and accuracy of the power bank management circuit.

[0032] In this embodiment of the invention, the power bank management circuit, while switching circuit states, collaborates with the voltage conversion and isolation circuit to execute the target control operation corresponding to the target control command. Specifically, when charging the power bank is required, the voltage conversion and isolation circuit performs a step-down operation, adjusting the external power supply voltage to a suitable voltage for charging the power bank. Then, it performs a charging operation on the power bank included in the power bank management circuit, ensuring a safe and stable charging process. When discharging the power bank is required, a discharging operation is performed on the power bank included in the power bank management circuit. The output voltage of this power bank undergoes a step-up operation via the voltage conversion and isolation circuit, boosting the output voltage to a suitable voltage for powering external devices, ensuring the normal operation of external devices. This collaborative working method effectively avoids circuit failures caused by voltage mismatch and other problems, thus improving the stability and reliability of the entire intelligent protection circuit.

[0033] In this embodiment of the invention, the voltage conversion and isolation circuit not only achieves voltage conversion but also effectively isolates the circuit. During charging or discharging, by flexibly switching the circuit state of the power bank management circuit, the power path of the voltage conversion and isolation circuit can also be adjusted. This ensures that both the voltage conversion and isolation circuit and the power bank management circuit only allow external voltage to be connected at a time to charge the power bank, or only allow the power bank's output voltage to power external devices, without any conflict between the external voltage and the power bank's output voltage. This greatly enhances the safety of the entire intelligent protection circuit.

[0034] It is evident that implementation Figure 1 The described intelligent protection circuit for the portable power bank accurately identifies the power bank type through a power control circuit, enabling differentiated management for different power banks and improving the accuracy and effectiveness of power bank management. Furthermore, in actual use, the power bank control circuit can flexibly switch circuit states based on issued target control commands, improving response efficiency and switching accuracy. It can also work in conjunction with a voltage conversion and isolation circuit to execute target control operations, effectively avoiding circuit failures caused by voltage mismatch and improving the stability and reliability of the entire intelligent protection circuit. In addition, the voltage conversion and isolation circuit effectively isolates the circuit, preventing voltage output conflicts between the external voltage and the power bank's output voltage, greatly enhancing the safety of the overall safety protection circuit, thereby improving the power bank's safety, stability, and management accuracy.

[0035] In an optional embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent protection circuit for a power bank used in wilderness areas, as disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, the power bank control circuit 10 includes a first MCU 101 and a target power bank 102, wherein: The communication terminal of the first MCU101 is connected to the communication terminal of the power control circuit 30; the first terminal of the first MCU101 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the target power bank 102; the second terminal of the target power bank 102 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the power control circuit 30.

[0036] The first MCU 101 is used to read the power bank information corresponding to the currently connected target power bank 102 according to the query command when the query command issued by the power control circuit 30 is detected. The power bank information includes power bank identity information and power bank status information. The power bank identity information is used to indicate whether the target power bank 102 is a field power bank or a regular power bank. The power bank status information is used to indicate at least the battery level of the target power bank 102.

[0037] In this optional embodiment, the query instruction can be an instruction sent by the shared cabinet (specifically the second MCU301) through the POGOpin communication terminal, and received by the communication terminal of the first MCU101 of the target power bank.

[0038] The first MCU101 is also used to perform format conversion operations based on a preset protocol and to perform information encoding operations on the power bank information, and to transmit the information encoding results for the power bank information back to the power control circuit 30.

[0039] In this optional embodiment, the power bank status information read above includes at least the target power bank's battery level, enabling real-time monitoring of the power bank's power status. Based on this, it can prevent normal use from being affected by a low power bank level. For example, in shared power bank scenarios, it can promptly remind users to replace the power bank with one that has sufficient power or automatically perform a charging operation on the power bank.

[0040] As can be seen, in this optional embodiment, by reading the power bank identity information corresponding to the target power bank, it is possible to clearly distinguish whether the power bank is a "wild" power bank or a regular power bank, which helps to implement differentiated management and control strategies for different types of power banks in the future, so as to improve the pertinence and effectiveness of power bank management.

[0041] In another alternative embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the power control circuit 30 includes at least a second MCU 301, and the voltage conversion and isolation circuit 20 includes a first control module 201 and a second control module 202, wherein: The second terminal of the target power bank 102 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first control module 201; the second terminal of the first control module 201 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second MCU 301; the third terminal of the first control module 201 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second control module 202; the second terminal of the second control module 202 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second MCU 301; the third terminals of the second control module 202 and the second MCU 301 are both used for external cabinet connection.

[0042] The first control module 201 is used to switch the module state of the first control module 201 to a first operating state that matches the target control command when it receives a target control command issued by the second MCU 301. The first operating state includes a normally closed state, a normally open state, or a conduction-off state. The conduction-off state is the state corresponding to the switching between conduction and off states according to a preset switching frequency.

[0043] The second control module 202 is used to switch the module state of the second control module 202 to a second operating state that matches the target control command when it receives a target control command issued by the second MCU 301. The second operating state includes a normally closed state, a normally open state, or a conduction-off state; and the first operating state is different from the second operating state.

[0044] The second control module 202 is also used in conjunction with the first control module 201 to respond to the transformation requirements of the target control command, so as to perform a boost operation or a buck operation on the voltage input to the voltage conversion and isolation circuit 20.

[0045] In this optional embodiment, the voltage conversion and isolation circuit itself has an isolation function. Through the coordinated work of the first control module and the second control module, while realizing voltage conversion, it can effectively isolate the input and output circuits, prevent damage to the cabinet and power bank caused by voltage fluctuations, short circuits and other problems, and ensure the safety and stability of the entire charging system.

[0046] As can be seen, in this optional embodiment, after receiving the target control command issued by the second MCU, the first control module and the second control module can quickly and accurately switch their own module states to the first operating state and the second operating state that match the command, thus realizing a precise and differentiated response to the target control command. Furthermore, the two control modules can also cooperate according to the transformation requirements of the target control command to achieve precise adjustment of the voltage value.

[0047] In yet another alternative embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent protection circuit for a power bank used in the wilderness, as disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the first control module 201 includes at least a first MOSFET Q1, a pull-down resistor R1, a second MOSFET Q2, a first filter capacitor C1, a second filter capacitor C2, and a transformer inductor L1, wherein: The second terminal of the target power bank 102 is electrically connected to the drain of the first MOSFET Q1; the gate of the first MOSFET Q1 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the pull-down resistor R1; the second terminal of the pull-down resistor R1, the gate of the second MOSFET Q2, the first terminal of the first filter capacitor C1, and the first terminal of the second filter capacitor C2 are all electrically connected to the second terminal of the second MCU 301. The source of the first MOSFET Q1 is electrically connected to the drain of the second MOSFET Q2, the first terminal of the transformer inductor L1, and the second terminal of the first filter capacitor C1, respectively; the source of the second MOSFET Q2 and the second terminal of the second filter capacitor C2 are both grounded; the second terminal of the transformer inductor L1 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second control module 202.

[0048] In this optional embodiment, the first MOSFET Q1 is used to control the first MOSFET Q1 and the second MOSFET Q2 to perform uninterrupted on and off operations according to the first control instruction issued by the second MCU301 when a first control instruction is received, so as to control the transformer inductor L1 to perform a boost operation on the voltage input to the transformer voltage; wherein, the target control instruction includes the first control instruction, and the first control instruction is used to instruct the target power bank 102 to switch to the reverse feed state corresponding to the wild power bank; The first MOSFET Q1 is also used to control the first MOSFET Q1 to switch to a preset normally open state and the second MOSFET Q2 to switch to a preset normally closed state when a second control instruction is received from the second MCU301, so as to control the transformer inductor L1 to perform a step-down operation on the input voltage of the transformer voltage; wherein, the target control instruction includes the second control instruction, and the second control instruction is used to instruct the target power bank 102 to switch to the charging state corresponding to that of an ordinary power bank.

[0049] In this optional embodiment, the aforementioned first MCU101 and second MCU301 respectively correspond to Figure 3 U4 and U3 in the text.

[0050] In this optional embodiment, the pull-down resistor R1 serves to stabilize the gate potential, ensuring that the first MOSFET Q1 is in a defined initial state when there is no control signal input, thus avoiding malfunctions caused by potential uncertainty.

[0051] In this optional embodiment, the second MCU301 is connected to the gate of the second MOS transistor Q2 and one end of the first filter capacitor C1 and the second filter capacitor C2, so that the second MCU301 can control multiple components at the same time, realizing centralized transmission and processing of signals, which is beneficial to improving the response speed and control accuracy of the circuit.

[0052] In this optional embodiment, when the first MOSFET Q1 receives the first control command, it can precisely control itself and the second MOSFET Q2 to perform uninterrupted on and off operations according to the command, and at the same time switch the target power bank to the reverse power supply state corresponding to the off-road power bank. In the reverse power supply state, the off-road power bank can act as a power source to supply power to other devices.

[0053] As can be seen, in this optional embodiment, the first MOSFET and the second MOSFET can flexibly switch the reverse power supply and charging state of the target power bank according to different control instructions issued by the second MCU, and perform corresponding boost and buck operations, thereby expanding the functionality of the target power bank and ensuring the charging safety of the overall safety protection circuit.

[0054] In another optional embodiment, the second control module 202 includes at least a third filter capacitor C3, a third MOSFET Q3, a first resistor R2, a fourth filter capacitor C4, a fourth MOSFET Q4, a second resistor R3, and a fifth filter capacitor C5, wherein: The second terminal of the transformer inductor L1 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the third filter capacitor C3, the second terminal of the second MCU301, the drain of the third MOSFET Q3, and the source of the fourth MOSFET Q4, respectively. The gate of the third MOSFET Q3 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first resistor R2; the source of the third MOSFET Q3 and the first terminal of the fourth filter capacitor C4 are both grounded; the second terminal of the first resistor R2 and the second terminal of the fourth filter capacitor C4 are both electrically connected to the second terminal of the second MCU301. The gate of the fourth MOSFET Q4 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second resistor R3 and the first terminal of the fifth filter capacitor C5, respectively; the second terminal of the second resistor R3 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second MCU301; the second terminal of the fifth filter capacitor C5 is used for grounding; the drain of the fourth MOSFET Q4 is used for external cabinet connection.

[0055] In this optional embodiment, the third MOSFET Q3 is used to control the third MOSFET Q3 to switch to a preset normally closed state when a third control instruction is received from the second MCU301, and simultaneously control the fourth MOSFET Q4 to switch to a preset normally open state, so as to control the transformer inductor L1 to perform a boost operation on the voltage input to the transformer voltage; wherein, the target control instruction includes the third control instruction, and the third control instruction is used to instruct the target power bank 102 to switch to the reverse feed-in state corresponding to the off-road power bank; The third MOSFET Q3 is also used to control the third MOSFET Q3 and the fourth MOSFET Q4 to perform uninterrupted on and off operations according to the fourth control instruction issued by the second MCU301 when a fourth control instruction is received, so as to control the transformer inductor L1 to perform a step-down operation on the voltage input to the transformer voltage; wherein, the target control instruction includes the fourth control instruction, and the fourth control instruction is used to instruct the target power bank 102 to switch to the charging state corresponding to that of an ordinary power bank.

[0056] In this optional embodiment, specifically, when the first MOSFET Q1 is turned on and the second MOSFET Q2 is turned off, the current flows from... Figure 3 The positive terminal VBAT of the target power bank flows out, passing through R5, the first MOSFET Q1, and the transformer inductor L1 to form a circuit. At this time, the transformer inductor L1 stores energy, and the current gradually increases.

[0057] In this optional embodiment, further, when the first MOSFET is off, the second MOSFET is on. Since the inductor current cannot change abruptly, the current on the transformer inductor L1 will charge the output capacitor C9 through the diode (or synchronous rectifier) ​​of the second MOSFET Q2 and provide current to the load (such as a shared cabinet). At this time, the transformer inductor L1 releases the stored energy, generating a back electromotive force higher than the input voltage, realizing the boost function, and outputting a 12V voltage to the charging port VBUS corresponding to the POGO pin charging terminal. Thus, by continuously repeating the on and off process of the first MOSFET Q1 and the second MOSFET Q2, the transformer inductor L1 continuously stores and releases energy, thereby maintaining a stable 12V voltage at the output terminal, realizing the boost conversion from the power bank voltage to 12V.

[0058] In this optional embodiment, when the power bank is in normal power bank mode, the first MOSFET Q1 is normally open, the second MOSFET Q2 is normally closed, and the third MOSFET Q3 and the fourth MOSFET Q4 are continuously turned on and off.

[0059] In this optional embodiment, specifically, when the fourth MOSFET Q4 is turned on and the third MOSFET is turned off, current flows from VBUS, through resistor R4, the fourth MOSFET Q4, and transformer inductor L1, charging transformer inductor L1. Simultaneously, current continues to flow through the first MOSFET Q1 to charge the target power bank. At this time, transformer inductor L1 stores energy, and the current gradually increases.

[0060] In this optional embodiment, further, when the fourth MOSFET Q4 is off and the third MOSFET Q3 is on, the current in inductor L1 cannot change abruptly and will continue to flow through the diode (or synchronous rectifier) ​​of Q2A to maintain the charging current for the power bank. Simultaneously, inductor L1 releases its stored energy, and the current gradually decreases. Then, by repeatedly switching the third MOSFET Q3 and the fourth MOSFET Q4 on and off, the transformer inductor L1 adjusts the magnitude and direction of the current, converting the input 5V voltage (VBUS) into a voltage suitable for charging the power bank, thus achieving a step-down function and providing a stable charging current for the power bank.

[0061] In this optional embodiment, the transformer inductor L1 plays a crucial role in energy buffering and conversion in both boost and buck modes. In boost mode, it stores and releases energy to raise the battery voltage to 12V, providing reverse power to the shared cabinet; in buck mode, it converts the input 5V voltage to a voltage suitable for battery charging, thus enabling the charging function. Through the switching control of the MOSFET, inductor L1 can efficiently achieve voltage boosting and bucking to meet the needs of different operating conditions.

[0062] As can be seen, in this optional embodiment, the third and fourth MOSFETs can flexibly switch between the reverse power supply and charging states of the target power bank according to different control commands issued by the second MCU, and perform corresponding boost and buck operations, thus expanding the functionality of the target power bank and simultaneously ensuring the charging safety of the overall safety protection circuit. Example 2 Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a smart protection method for a portable power bank used in remote areas, as disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. The smart protection method for this power bank can be applied to a smart protection circuit for such a power bank, and this circuit includes a power bank management circuit, a voltage conversion and isolation circuit, and a power control circuit. Specifically: the first terminal of the power bank management circuit is electrically connected to the first terminal of the power control circuit; the second terminal of the power bank management circuit is electrically connected to the first terminal of the voltage conversion and isolation circuit; the second terminal of the voltage conversion and isolation circuit is electrically connected to the second terminal of the power control circuit; the third terminal of the power control circuit is used for connecting to an external cabinet; and the communication terminal of the power bank management circuit is communicatively connected to the communication terminal of the power control module. Figure 4 As shown, the intelligent protection method of this power bank for off-road use may include the following operations: 401. The power control circuit sends a query command to the power bank management circuit and receives the response information from the power bank management circuit.

[0063] In this embodiment of the invention, the response information is used to indicate whether the power bank currently connected to the power bank management circuit is a "wild" power bank or a regular power bank.

[0064] 402. The power control circuit generates target control commands for the power bank management circuit based on the current circuit control requirements.

[0065] 403. When the power bank control circuit receives a target control command from the power control circuit, it switches the circuit state of the power bank control circuit; at the same time, the voltage conversion and isolation circuit performs the target control operation corresponding to the target control command.

[0066] In this embodiment of the invention, the circuit state includes a charging state or a discharging state, and the target control operation includes a charging operation for the power bank management circuit, or a discharging operation based on the power bank management circuit. It is evident that implementation Figure 4The described intelligent protection method for portable power banks allows for precise identification of power bank types through a power control circuit, enabling differentiated management for different power banks and improving the accuracy and effectiveness of power bank management. Furthermore, in actual use, the power bank control circuit can flexibly switch circuit states based on issued target control commands, improving response efficiency and switching accuracy. It can also coordinate with a voltage conversion and isolation circuit to execute target control operations, effectively preventing circuit failures caused by voltage mismatch and improving the stability and reliability of the entire intelligent protection circuit. In addition, the voltage conversion and isolation circuit effectively isolates the circuit, preventing voltage output conflicts between the external voltage and the power bank's output voltage, greatly enhancing the overall safety of the protection circuit and thus improving the power bank's safety, stability, and management accuracy.

[0067] Example 3 Please see Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating another intelligent protection method for a power bank used in the wild, as disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 The described intelligent protection method for a power bank used in off-road operations can be applied to the intelligent protection circuit of such a power bank. For the structure of this intelligent protection circuit, please refer to the relevant description in Embodiment 2; it will not be repeated here. Furthermore, the power bank control circuit includes a first MCU and a target power bank, wherein: the communication terminal of the first MCU is communicatively connected to the communication terminal of the power control circuit; the first terminal of the first MCU is electrically connected to the first terminal of the target power bank; and the second terminal of the target power bank is electrically connected to the first terminal of the power control module. And, as... Figure 5 As shown, the intelligent protection circuit of this wilderness power bank may include the following operations: 501. The power control circuit sends a query command to the power bank management circuit.

[0068] 502. When the first MCU detects the query command issued by the power control circuit, it reads the power bank information corresponding to the currently connected target power bank according to the query command.

[0069] In this embodiment of the invention, the power bank information includes power bank identity information and power bank status information; the power bank identity information is used to indicate whether the target power bank is a field power bank or a regular power bank; the power bank status information is used to at least indicate the battery level of the target power bank.

[0070] 503. The first MCU performs a format conversion operation based on a preset protocol and performs an information encoding operation on the power bank information, and transmits the information encoding result for the power bank information back to the power control circuit.

[0071] 504. The power control circuit receives response information fed back from the power bank management circuit.

[0072] 505. The power control circuit generates target control commands for the power bank management circuit based on the current circuit control requirements.

[0073] 506. When the power bank control circuit receives a target control command from the power control circuit, it switches the circuit state of the power bank control circuit; at the same time, the voltage conversion and isolation circuit performs the target control operation corresponding to the target control command.

[0074] For further descriptions of steps 501 and 504-506 in this embodiment of the invention, please refer to the other specific descriptions of steps 401-403 in Embodiment 1. These descriptions will not be repeated in this embodiment of the invention.

[0075] It is evident that implementation Figure 5 The described intelligent protection method for power banks used in remote areas can clearly distinguish between power banks used in remote areas and ordinary power banks by reading the power bank identity information corresponding to the target power bank. This helps to implement differentiated management and control strategies for different types of power banks, thereby improving the targeting and effectiveness of power bank management.

[0076] In an optional embodiment, the power control circuit includes at least a second MCU, and the voltage conversion and isolation circuit includes a first control module and a second control module, wherein: the second terminal of the target power bank is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first control module; the second terminal of the first control module is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second MCU; the third terminal of the first control module is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second control module; the second terminal of the second control module is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second MCU; and the third terminals of the second control module and the second MCU are both used for connecting to an external cabinet. The power bank control circuit switches the circuit state of the power bank control circuit, including: When the first control module receives a target control command issued by the second MCU, it switches the module state of the first control module to a first operating state that matches the target control command. The first operating state includes a normally closed state, a normally open state, or a conduction-off state. The conduction-off state is the state corresponding to the switching between the conduction state and the off state according to a preset switching frequency. When the second control module receives the target control command issued by the second MCU, it switches the module state of the second control module to a second operating state that matches the target control command. The second operating state includes a normally closed state, a normally open state, or a conduction-off state; and the first operating state and the second operating state are in different operating states. The specific methods by which the aforementioned power bank control circuit, in conjunction with the voltage conversion and isolation circuit, executes the target control operation corresponding to the target control command include: The second control module, in conjunction with the first control module, responds to the transformer requirements of the target control command to perform a boost or buck operation on the voltage input to the voltage conversion and isolation circuit.

[0077] As can be seen, in this optional embodiment, after receiving the target control command issued by the second MCU, the first control module and the second control module can quickly and accurately switch their own module states to the first operating state and the second operating state that match the command, thus realizing a precise and differentiated response to the target control command. Furthermore, the two control modules can also cooperate according to the transformation requirements of the target control command to achieve precise adjustment of the voltage value.

[0078] In another optional embodiment, the first control module includes at least a first MOSFET, a pull-down resistor, a second MOSFET, a first filter capacitor, a second filter capacitor, and a transformer inductor, wherein: The second terminal of the target power bank is electrically connected to the drain of the first MOSFET; the gate of the first MOSFET is electrically connected to the first terminal of the pull-down resistor; the second terminal of the pull-down resistor, the gate of the second MOSFET, the first terminal of the first filter capacitor, and the first terminal of the second filter capacitor are all electrically connected to the second terminal of the second MCU. The source of the first MOSFET is electrically connected to the drain of the second MOSFET, the first terminal of the transformer inductor, and the second terminal of the first filter capacitor, respectively; the source of the second MOSFET and the second terminal of the second filter capacitor are both grounded; the second terminal of the transformer inductor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second control module.

[0079] In this optional embodiment, the method by which the first control module switches its module state to a first operating state matching the target control command when it receives the target control command from the second MCU specifically includes: When the first MOSFET receives a first control command from the second MCU, it controls the first MOSFET and the second MOSFET to perform uninterrupted on and off operations according to the first control command, so as to control the transformer inductor to perform a voltage boost operation on the input voltage of the transformer inductor; wherein, the target control command includes the first control command, and the first control command is used to instruct the target power bank to switch to the reverse feed state corresponding to the wild power bank; The method described above, in which the first control module switches its module state to a first operating state matching the target control command when it receives the target control command from the second MCU, further includes: When the first MOSFET receives a second control command from the second MCU, it controls the first MOSFET to switch to a preset normally open state and simultaneously controls the second MOSFET to switch to a preset normally closed state, so as to control the transformer inductor to perform a step-down operation on the input voltage of the transformer voltage; wherein, the target control command includes the second control command, and the second control command is used to instruct the target power bank to switch to the charging state corresponding to that of a normal power bank.

[0080] As can be seen, in this optional embodiment, the first MOSFET and the second MOSFET can flexibly switch the reverse power supply and charging state of the target power bank according to different control instructions issued by the second MCU, and perform corresponding boost and buck operations, thereby expanding the functionality of the target power bank and ensuring the charging safety of the overall safety protection circuit.

[0081] In yet another optional embodiment, the second control module includes at least a third filter capacitor, a third MOSFET, a first resistor, a fourth filter capacitor, a fourth MOSFET, a second resistor, and a fifth filter capacitor, wherein: The second terminal of the transformer inductor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the third filter capacitor, the second terminal of the second MCU, the drain of the third MOSFET, and the source of the fourth MOSFET, respectively. The gate of the third MOSFET is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first resistor; the source of the third MOSFET and the first terminal of the fourth filter capacitor are both grounded; the second terminal of the first resistor and the second terminal of the fourth filter capacitor are both electrically connected to the second terminal of the second MCU. The gate of the fourth MOSFET is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second resistor and the first terminal of the fifth filter capacitor, respectively; the second terminal of the second resistor is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second MCU; the second terminal of the fifth filter capacitor is used for grounding; and the drain of the fourth MOSFET is used for external cabinet connection.

[0082] In this optional embodiment, the method by which the second control module switches its module state to a second operating state matching the target control command when it receives the target control command issued by the second MCU specifically includes: When the third MOSFET receives a third control command from the second MCU, it controls the third MOSFET to switch to a preset normally closed state according to the third control command, and simultaneously controls the fourth MOSFET to switch to a preset normally open state, so as to control the transformer inductor to perform a boost operation on the voltage input to the transformer voltage; wherein, the target control command includes the third control command, and the third control command is used to instruct the target power bank to switch to the reverse feed-in state corresponding to the wild power bank; The method described above, in which the second control module switches its module state to a second operating state matching the target control command when it receives the target control command from the second MCU, further includes: When the third MOSFET receives the fourth control instruction from the second MCU, it controls the third MOSFET and the fourth MOSFET to perform uninterrupted on and off operations according to the fourth control instruction, so as to control the transformer inductor to perform a step-down operation on the input voltage of the transformer voltage; wherein, the target control instruction includes the fourth control instruction, and the fourth control instruction is used to instruct the target power bank to switch to the charging state corresponding to that of a normal power bank.

[0083] As can be seen, in this optional embodiment, the third and fourth MOSFETs can flexibly switch between the reverse power supply and charging states of the target power bank according to different control commands issued by the second MCU, and perform corresponding boost and buck operations, thus expanding the functionality of the target power bank and simultaneously ensuring the charging safety of the overall safety protection circuit. The circuits and methods described above are merely illustrative. The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network modules. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0084] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart protection circuit for a portable power bank used in wilderness areas, characterized in that, The circuit includes a power bank management circuit, a voltage conversion and isolation circuit, and a power control circuit, wherein: The first terminal of the power bank management circuit is electrically connected to the first terminal of the power control circuit; the second terminal of the power bank management circuit is electrically connected to the first terminal of the voltage conversion and isolation circuit; the second terminal of the voltage conversion and isolation circuit is electrically connected to the second terminal of the power control circuit; the third terminal of the power control circuit is used for connecting to an external cabinet; the communication terminal of the power bank management circuit is communicatively connected to the communication terminal of the power control circuit. The power control circuit is used to send a query command to the power bank management circuit and receive response information fed back by the power bank management circuit. The response information is used to indicate whether the power bank currently connected to the power bank management circuit is a field power bank or a regular power bank. The power control circuit is also used to generate target control instructions for the power bank management circuit according to the current circuit control requirements. The power bank management circuit is used to switch its circuit state when it receives the target control command issued by the power control circuit; simultaneously, it performs the target control operation corresponding to the target control command in conjunction with the voltage conversion and isolation circuit; wherein, the circuit state includes a charging state or a discharging state; the target control operation includes a step-down operation based on the voltage conversion and isolation circuit and a charging operation for the power bank management circuit, or a step-up operation based on the voltage conversion and isolation circuit and a discharging operation based on the power bank management circuit.

2. The intelligent protection circuit of the power bank for wilderness use according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power bank management circuit includes a first MCU and a target power bank, wherein: The communication terminal of the first MCU is communicatively connected to the communication terminal of the power control circuit; the first terminal of the first MCU is electrically connected to the first terminal of the target power bank; the second terminal of the target power bank is electrically connected to the first terminal of the power control circuit. The first MCU is used to read the power bank information corresponding to the currently connected target power bank according to the query instruction when it detects the query instruction issued by the power control circuit. The power bank information includes power bank identity information and power bank status information. The power bank identity information is used to indicate whether the target power bank is a field power bank or a regular power bank. The power bank status information is used to at least indicate the battery level of the target power bank. The first MCU is also used to perform a format conversion operation based on a preset protocol and an information encoding operation on the power bank information, and to transmit the information encoding result of the power bank information back to the power control circuit.

3. The intelligent protection circuit of the wilderness power bank according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power control circuit includes at least a second MCU, and the voltage conversion and isolation circuit includes a first control module and a second control module, wherein: The second terminal of the target power bank is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first control module; the second terminal of the first control module is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second MCU; the third terminal of the first control module is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second control module; the second terminal of the second control module is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second MCU; the third terminal of the second control module and the third terminal of the second MCU are both used for connecting to an external cabinet. The first control module is configured to switch its module state to a first operating state matching the target control command when it receives the target control command issued by the second MCU. The first operating state includes a normally closed state, a normally open state, or a conduction-off state. The conduction-off state is a state corresponding to the switching between conduction and off states according to a preset switching frequency. The second control module is used to switch the module state of the second control module to a second operating state that matches the target control command when it receives the target control command issued by the second MCU. The second operating state includes the normally closed state, the normally open state, or the on-off state; and the first operating state is different from the second operating state. The second control module is also used in conjunction with the first control module to respond to the transformation requirements of the target control command, so as to perform a boost operation or a buck operation on the voltage input to the voltage conversion and isolation circuit.

4. The intelligent protection circuit of the wilderness power bank according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first control module includes at least a first MOSFET, a pull-down resistor, a second MOSFET, a first filter capacitor, a second filter capacitor, and a transformer inductor, wherein: The second terminal of the target power bank is electrically connected to the drain of the first MOS transistor; the gate of the first MOS transistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the pull-down resistor; the second terminal of the pull-down resistor, the gate of the second MOS transistor, the first terminal of the first filter capacitor, and the first terminal of the second filter capacitor are all electrically connected to the second terminal of the second MCU. The source of the first MOSFET is electrically connected to the drain of the second MOSFET, the first terminal of the transformer inductor, and the second terminal of the first filter capacitor, respectively; the source of the second MOSFET and the second terminal of the second filter capacitor are both grounded; the second terminal of the transformer inductor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second control module.

5. The intelligent protection circuit of the wilderness power bank according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first MOSFET is used to control the first MOSFET and the second MOSFET to perform uninterrupted on and off operations according to the first control instruction issued by the second MCU when a first control instruction is received, so as to control the transformer inductor to perform a boost operation on the voltage input to the transformer voltage; wherein, the target control instruction includes the first control instruction, and the first control instruction is used to instruct the target power bank to switch to the reverse feed state corresponding to the wilderness power bank; The first MOSFET is further configured to, upon receiving a second control instruction from the second MCU, control the first MOSFET to switch to a preset normally open state and simultaneously control the second MOSFET to switch to a preset normally closed state, thereby controlling the transformer inductor to perform a step-down operation on the input transformer voltage; wherein, the target control instruction includes the second control instruction, and the second control instruction is used to instruct the target power bank to switch to a charging state corresponding to the ordinary power bank.

6. The intelligent protection circuit of the wilderness power bank according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The second control module includes at least a third filter capacitor, a third MOSFET, a first resistor, a fourth filter capacitor, a fourth MOSFET, a second resistor, and a fifth filter capacitor, wherein: The second terminal of the transformer inductor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the third filter capacitor, the second terminal of the second MCU, the drain of the third MOS transistor, and the source of the fourth MOS transistor, respectively. The gate of the third MOS transistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first resistor; the source of the third MOS transistor and the first terminal of the fourth filter capacitor are both grounded; the second terminal of the first resistor and the second terminal of the fourth filter capacitor are both electrically connected to the second terminal of the second MCU. The gate of the fourth MOS transistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second resistor and the first terminal of the fifth filter capacitor, respectively; the second terminal of the second resistor is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second MCU; the second terminal of the fifth filter capacitor is used for grounding; the drain of the fourth MOS transistor is used for external cabinet connection.

7. The intelligent protection circuit of the wilderness power bank according to claim 6, characterized in that, The third MOSFET is used to control the third control instruction issued by the second MCU to switch to a preset normally closed state, and simultaneously control the fourth MOSFET to switch to a preset normally open state, so as to control the transformer inductor to perform a boost operation on the voltage input to the transformer voltage; wherein, the target control instruction includes the third control instruction, and the third control instruction is used to instruct the target power bank to switch to the reverse feed state corresponding to the wilderness power bank; The third MOSFET is further configured to, upon receiving a fourth control instruction from the second MCU, control the third MOSFET and the fourth MOSFET to perform continuous on-off operations according to the fourth control instruction, so as to control the transformer inductor to perform a step-down operation on the input transformer voltage; wherein, the target control instruction includes the fourth control instruction, and the fourth control instruction is used to instruct the target power bank to switch to the charging state corresponding to the ordinary power bank.

8. A smart protection method for a power bank used in the wild, characterized in that, The method is applied to the intelligent protection circuit of a portable power bank, and the circuit includes a power bank management circuit, a voltage conversion and isolation circuit, and a power control circuit, wherein: the first terminal of the power bank management circuit is electrically connected to the first terminal of the power control circuit; the second terminal of the power bank management circuit is electrically connected to the first terminal of the voltage conversion and isolation circuit; the second terminal of the voltage conversion and isolation circuit is electrically connected to the second terminal of the power control circuit; the third terminal of the power control circuit is used for connecting to an external cabinet; and the communication terminal of the power bank management circuit is communicatively connected to the communication terminal of the power control circuit. The method includes: The power control circuit sends a query command to the power bank management circuit and receives response information from the power bank management circuit. The response information is used to indicate whether the power bank currently connected to the power bank management circuit is a field power bank or a regular power bank. The power control circuit generates a target control command for the power bank management circuit based on the current circuit control requirements. When the power bank management circuit receives the target control command issued by the power control circuit, it switches the circuit state of the power bank management circuit; at the same time, it works with the voltage conversion and isolation circuit to execute the target control operation corresponding to the target control command; wherein, the circuit state includes a charging state or a discharging state, and the target control operation includes a charging operation for the power bank management circuit, or a discharging operation based on the power bank management circuit.

9. The intelligent protection method for a power bank used in wilderness areas according to claim 8, characterized in that, The power bank management circuit includes a first MCU and a target power bank, wherein: the communication terminal of the first MCU is communicatively connected to the communication terminal of the power control circuit; the first terminal of the first MCU is electrically connected to the first terminal of the target power bank; and the second terminal of the target power bank is electrically connected to the first terminal of the power control circuit. The method further includes: When the first MCU detects the query command issued by the power control circuit, it reads the power bank information corresponding to the currently connected target power bank according to the query command. The power bank information includes power bank identity information and power bank status information. The power bank identity information is used to indicate whether the target power bank is a field power bank or a regular power bank. The power bank status information is used to at least indicate the battery level of the target power bank. The first MCU performs a format conversion operation based on a preset protocol and performs an information encoding operation on the power bank information, and transmits the information encoding result of the power bank information back to the power control circuit.

10. The intelligent protection method for a power bank used in wilderness areas according to claim 9, characterized in that, The power control circuit includes at least a second MCU, and the voltage conversion and isolation circuit includes a first control module and a second control module, wherein: the second terminal of the target power bank is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first control module; the second terminal of the first control module is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second MCU; the third terminal of the first control module is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second control module; the second terminal of the second control module is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second MCU; the third terminal of the second control module and the third terminal of the second MCU are both used for connecting to an external cabinet; The power bank control circuit switches its circuit state, including: When the first control module receives the target control command issued by the second MCU, it switches the module state of the first control module to a first operating state that matches the target control command. The first operating state includes a normally closed state, a normally open state, or a conduction-off state. The conduction-off state is the state corresponding to the switching between conduction and off states according to a preset switching frequency. When the second control module receives the target control command issued by the second MCU, it switches the module state of the second control module to a second operating state that matches the target control command. The second operating state includes the normally closed state, the normally open state, or the on-off state; and the first operating state and the second operating state are in different operating states. The power bank management circuit, in conjunction with the voltage conversion and isolation circuit, executes the target control operation corresponding to the target control command, including: The second control module, in conjunction with the first control module, responds to the transformer requirements of the target control command to perform a boost or buck operation on the voltage input to the voltage conversion and isolation circuit.

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