Electric power facility warning device and control circuit and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of warning devices, in particular to an electric power facility warning device and a control circuit and a control method thereof. The electric power facility warning device control circuit comprises an energy collection and charging management module, an energy storage power supply module, a control module and a light emitting driving module. The input end of the energy acquisition and charging management module is electrically connected with a solar energy acquisition device, and the output end is electrically connected with the energy storage power supply module; the energy storage power supply module is configured to receive charging electric energy of the energy acquisition and charging management module and supply power to the control module and the light emitting driving module; the control module is in signal connection with the energy acquisition and charging management module and is used for receiving a charging state related signal, and the output end of the control module is in signal connection with the light-emitting driving module; and the light-emitting driving module is used for providing controlled driving current for the light-emitting load. Light emitting can be reasonably controlled according to the charging and energy storage states of the warning device.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of warning devices, in particular to a power facility warning device and a control circuit and control method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous expansion of power transmission lines, substations and overhead power facilities, the safety hazards of power facilities to aircraft, construction equipment and personnel in the night or low-visibility environment are increasingly prominent. In order to reduce the safety risks of power facilities in complex environments, warning devices are usually set on power facilities to prompt the position and outline of the power facilities through light emission.

[0003] The existing power facility warning devices mostly adopt solar power supply form, integrating solar energy collection device, energy storage power supply module, control circuit and light emitting load in the same device to realize self-operation without external power supply. However, the control circuit structure of the existing warning devices is generally simple, usually only realizing basic start-stop control of solar charging and light emitting load, and it is difficult to effectively coordinate the management of charging state, battery voltage state and light emitting control strategy.

[0004] In the current technology, the solar energy collection and battery charging control lack anti-backflow or surge protection of the charging input end, which is easy to cause reverse current, transient overvoltage and other problems in complex outdoor environments, thereby affecting the reliability of the energy storage power supply module and the control circuit. At the same time, the control module is difficult to intelligently adjust the light emitting behavior based on the charging state and energy storage state, resulting in unnecessary energy consumption during the day or when the power is insufficient. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the embodiments of the present application provide a power facility warning device and a control circuit and control method thereof to solve the technical problem that the existing power facility warning light cannot reasonably control the light emission according to the charging and energy storage state of the warning device.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a power facility warning device control circuit, comprising: an energy collection and charging management module, an energy storage power supply module, a control module and a light emitting driving module; The input end of the energy collection and charging management module is electrically connected with the solar energy collection device, and the output end is electrically connected with the energy storage power supply module; The energy storage power supply module is configured to receive the charging electric energy of the energy collection and charging management module, and supply power for the control module and the light emitting driving module; The control module is signal connected with the energy collection and charging management module for receiving charging state related signals, and the output end of the control module is signal connected with the light emitting driving module for outputting light emitting control signals; The light emitting driving module is used for providing a controlled driving current to the light emitting load under the action of the light emitting control signal output by the control module, so as to realize the lighting or modulation of the light emitting load.

[0007] In a second aspect, the application further provides a power facility warning device, which comprises a solar energy collecting device and the power facility warning device control circuit in the first aspect, and the solar energy collecting device is electrically connected with the input end of the energy collecting and charging management module.

[0008] In a third aspect, the application further provides a power facility warning device control method, which is used for controlling the power facility warning device in the second aspect, and the method further comprises: S1: controlling the energy storage power supply module to charge according to the electric energy collected and output by the solar energy collecting device, and outputting a charging state related signal to the control module; S2: obtaining a voltage detection signal corresponding to the battery voltage detection node according to the charging state related signal; S3: determining the current working mode of the power facility warning device according to the charging state related signal, and determining the voltage state of the energy storage power supply module according to the voltage detection signal; S4: when the current working mode is in the night mode, controlling the light emitting driving module to drive the light emitting load to light up or modulate light.

[0009] In summary, the application has the following beneficial effects: The power facility warning device, the control circuit and the control method provided by the application can receive the charging electric energy of the energy collecting and charging management module and simultaneously supply power to the control module and the light emitting driving module through the energy storage power supply module, so that the control module can uniformly control the light emitting driving module under stable power supply conditions, thereby avoiding the unstable operation problem caused by the separation of power supply and control. Meanwhile, the light emitting control signal is output by the control module and the controlled driving current is provided to the light emitting load by the light emitting driving module according to the light emitting control signal, so that the lighting or modulation of the light emitting load is uniformly scheduled by the control module, which is conducive to realizing more flexible light emitting control. In addition, the energy collecting and charging management module is electrically connected with the solar energy collecting device and supplies power to each functional module through the energy storage power supply module, so that the warning device can independently operate without external power supply, which is suitable for application scenarios where power facilities are widely distributed and the power supply conditions are limited, thereby improving the applicability and operation reliability of the device in complex environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0010] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced as follows, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings, and these are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0011] Figure 1 is the structural block diagram of the power facility warning device control circuit of the present application.

[0012] Figure 2 is the circuit principle diagram of the energy collection and charging management module in the power facility warning device control circuit of the present application.

[0013] Figure 3 is the circuit principle diagram of the control module and the energy storage power supply module in the power facility warning device of the present application.

[0014] Figure 4 is the circuit principle diagram of the key control circuit in the control module of the present application.

[0015] Figure 5 is the circuit principle diagram of the light emitting driving module of the present application.

[0016] Figure 6 is the flowchart of the power facility warning device control method of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present application will be described in detail below, in order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear and apparent, the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are configured only to explain the present application, and are not configured to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can be implemented without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely to provide a better understanding of the present application by showing examples of the present application.

[0018] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0019] It should be noted that all actions involving the acquisition of signals, information, or data in this invention are carried out in compliance with the relevant data protection laws and regulations of the locality and with authorization from the owner of the relevant device.

[0020] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a control circuit for a power facility warning device. The control circuit includes an energy harvesting and charging management module, an energy storage power supply module, a control module, and a light-emitting driving module. The input terminal of the energy harvesting and charging management module is electrically connected to the solar energy harvesting device, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the energy storage power supply module. The energy storage power supply module is configured to receive charging energy from the energy harvesting and charging management module and to supply power to the control module and the light-emitting drive module. The control module is signal-connected to the energy harvesting and charging management module and is used to receive charging status related signals. The output terminal of the control module is signal-connected to the light-emitting drive module and is used to output light-emitting control signals. The light-emitting drive module is used to provide controlled driving current to the light-emitting load under the action of the light-emitting control signal output by the control module, so as to realize the lighting or modulation of light-emitting load.

[0021] The control circuit of the power facility warning device in this embodiment adopts a modular integrated approach, comprising an energy harvesting and charging management module, an energy storage power supply module, a control module, and a light-emitting drive module. The input terminal of the energy harvesting and charging management module is electrically connected to the solar energy harvesting device to receive the harvested electrical energy. Its output terminal is electrically connected to the energy storage power supply module, enabling the harvested electrical energy to be transferred to the energy storage power supply module for charging or replenishing its energy. The energy storage power supply module receives the charging electrical energy and forms a stable power output, supplying power to both the control module and the light-emitting drive module, allowing them to operate continuously with the power support provided by the energy storage power supply module.

[0022] In this embodiment, a signal connection channel is provided between the control module and the energy harvesting and charging management module, so that the control module can receive a charging state related signal for representing the charging process state of the energy storage power supply module by the energy harvesting and charging management module. The output of the control module is in signal connection with the light emitting drive module, and the control module generates a light emitting control signal based on the received charging state related signal and outputs it to the light emitting drive module. After receiving the light emitting control signal, the light emitting drive module provides a controlled drive current to the light emitting load, so as to realize the lighting or modulation of the light emitting load; wherein the controlled drive current is the drive current controlled by the light emitting drive module under the action of the light emitting control signal, so that the light emitting load can realize the light emitting effect of constant brightness, intermittent flickering or different brightness levels, so as to meet the display requirements in the power facility warning scene.

[0023] In this embodiment, the energy harvesting and charging management module includes a charging management loop, an input anti-backflow and protection submodule, a charging current setting submodule, and a charging state output submodule. The input anti-backflow and protection submodule is configured to be electrically connected with the solar energy harvesting device, for anti-backflow or surge protection of the solar energy input and output of the harvested electrical energy to the charging management loop; the charging current setting submodule is connected with the charging management loop, for setting the charging current of the energy storage power supply module; and the charging state output submodule is connected with the charging management loop, for outputting a charging state related signal for the control module to receive.

[0024] In this embodiment, the energy harvesting and charging management module decouples the electrical energy path and the state signal path of the charging process, realizes the controlled charging of the energy storage power supply module and the state feedback of the control module. The input anti-backflow and protection submodule is located between the solar energy harvesting device and the charging management loop, as an inlet stage circuit of the harvested electrical energy, for one-way conduction and transient disturbance suppression of the input electrical energy entering the charging management loop, so that the harvested electrical energy can be stably sent to the charging management loop, while suppressing the reverse current from the energy storage side to the solar side, thereby reducing the energy loss and device abnormal risk caused by backflow. This inlet stage processing makes the input condition of the rear charging management loop more controllable, which is beneficial to improve the charging stability in scenes such as light fluctuation and load switching.

[0025] The charging management circuit is used to establish a controlled energy transfer between the collected electric energy and the energy storage power supply module, and the core adjusts the charging process in a closed loop according to the feedback state of the energy storage end, so that the energy storage power supply module completes the charging under the premise of meeting the safety. The charging current setting sub-module restricts the charging management circuit, and by setting the charging current, the charging management circuit injects energy into the energy storage power supply module at a preset intensity during the entire charging period, avoiding problems such as overheating, life attenuation or voltage fluctuation increase of the energy storage power supply module caused by excessive charging current, and also making the utilization of collected electric energy more in line with the supply capacity of solar input, thereby improving the effective charging ratio under the condition of limited energy collection.

[0026] The charging state output sub-module forms a state signal output channel with the charging management circuit, and outputs the charging state in the charging management circuit to the control module in the form of a signal, so that the control module can know the state information such as charging in progress, charging completion or abnormality without directly participating in the large current charging path. Therefore, the signal flow is one-way output of the charging state related signal from the charging management circuit to the control module, and the control module can make decisions based on the signal and the working strategy of the device, and then output a light-emitting control signal to the light-emitting driving module. Through the above signal control mode, the light-emitting behavior and the charging state can be related to each other, and the control module can inhibit unnecessary light-emitting during daytime charging, or select to light or modulate light-emitting according to the energy storage state at night, thereby reducing invalid energy consumption and prolonging the energy storage power supply time.

[0027] Based on the above circuit structure, the energy collection and charging management module realizes stable and controlled transfer of collected electric energy to the energy storage power supply module on the one hand, and provides charging state information that can be used for decision-making to the control module on the other hand, so that the charging process and the load working process form a cooperation. Compared with the scheme only having a simple charge-discharge connection, the design is helpful to reduce the power fluctuation caused by parallel charging and light-emitting, improve the reliability of the control module in determining the working state, and improve the endurance and operation stability of the device in the power facility warning scene with limited power supply conditions.

[0028] As shown in Figure 2 In the embodiment, the charging management circuit includes a charging management chip U2, a diode D1, a resistor R4, a resistor R6, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C5, a diode D4, a diode D5 and a battery interface BT1, the 1 pin of the solar input interface CH1 is connected with the input end of the diode D1, the output end of the diode D1 is connected with the VIN pin of the charging management chip U2, the VIN pin of the charging management chip U2 is connected with the positive terminal of the capacitor C2, and the negative terminal of the capacitor C2 is connected with the ground GND; The GND pin of the charge management chip U2 is connected with the ground GND, the ISET pin of the charge management chip U2 is connected with the ground GND through the resistor R4; the BAT pin of the charge management chip U2 is connected with the battery positive node BT+, the battery positive node BT+ is connected with the positive terminal of the capacitor C5, the negative terminal of the capacitor C5 is connected with the ground GND, the 1 pin of the battery interface BT1 is connected with the battery positive node BT+, the 2 pin of the battery interface BT1 is connected with the ground GND; the FB pin of the charge management chip U2 is connected with the battery positive node BT+; one end of the resistor R6 is connected with the VIN pin of the charge management chip U2, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with the 1 pin of the diode D4 and the 1 pin of the diode D5, the 2 pin of the diode D4 is connected with the DUNE pin of the charge management chip U2, the 2 pin of the diode D5 is connected with the CHRG pin of the charge management chip U2.

[0029] In the embodiment, the charge management circuit takes the charge management chip U2 as the core, converts the collected solar energy into controlled charging energy for the energy storage power supply module, and forms a charging state signal for the control module. The collected energy enters the VIN side of U2 through the diode D1 and is input side filtered by the capacitor C2. The diode D1 forms a one-way conduction boundary between the charging input and the energy storage end, so that the energy storage side is not easy to produce reverse flow when the voltage is higher than the solar side or the solar side is powered off. The capacitor C2 buffers the ripple and transient fluctuations on the input side, so that U2 can still obtain relatively stable power supply conditions in the case of solar output fluctuations, thereby reducing unstable phenomena such as under-voltage jitter, repeated start-stop, etc. during charging. The BAT pin of U2 is connected to the battery positive node BT+ and forms a charging circuit output end with the energy storage power supply module through the battery interface BT1, and the capacitor C5 is arranged on the BT+ side to filter and dynamically support the energy storage end voltage, reduce the impact of charging current changes or the switching of the power consumption on the battery end voltage, and is beneficial to improve the stability of the energy storage end power supply.

[0030] U2 samples the battery positive node BT+ through the FB pin, forms a charging closed loop with the energy storage end voltage as the constraint, enables the charging process to automatically adjust according to the battery end state instead of simple direct charging, thereby avoiding overcharging risk and improving the controllability of charging; meanwhile, the ISET pin is connected to ground through a resistor R4 to form a charging current setting branch, so that the charging strength of U2 is constrained by the preset parameters, and in the case that the solar supply capacity is limited or the energy storage power supply module has limited bearing capacity, the charging process can be stabilized in a predictable working interval through the setting branch, thereby reducing the probability of device heating and service life decay caused by overcurrent. On the status signal path, the DUNE and CHRG status-related pins of U2 pass through diodes D4 and D5 and a resistor R6 to form an extraction and shaping network, and output the charging in progress, charging completion and other states in the form of electrical signals for the control module to receive and participate in working mode decision-making; this structure relatively isolates the status signal from the power charging path, so that the control module can obtain reliable charging status information without directly intervening in the charging high-current path, thereby improving the safety and anti-interference ability of the control system.

[0031] The foregoing charging management loop reduces the influence of reverse backflow and input disturbance on charging stability by input-side unidirectional isolation and filter buffering, so that the collected electrical energy can still be stably sent to the charging management chip in a fluctuating environment; the charging process has controllability and repeatability by feedback of the energy storage end voltage and setting constraints on the charging current, thereby reducing overcharging, overcurrent and the resulting heating and reliability problems; the control module is provided with clear charging status-related signals through the status signal extraction network, so that the light control can be linked with the charging status to form a basis for the coordination of energy utilization and load work in the power facility warning scene, thereby improving the endurance and operation stability of the device under limited power supply conditions.

[0032] In the embodiment, the input anti-backflow and protection sub-module includes a solar input interface CH1, a diode D1, a capacitor C2, a resistor R29, a resistor R30 and a capacitor C21. The 1 pin of the solar input interface CH1 is connected to the input end of the diode D1, the output end of the diode D1 is connected to the VIN pin of the charging management chip U2 and the positive electrode of the capacitor C2, and the negative electrode of the capacitor C2 is connected to the ground GND; the diode D1 is used to inhibit the reverse current of the energy storage power supply end to the solar input end; the output end of the diode D1 is also connected to the CH1 detection end through the resistor R29, the CH1 detection end is connected to the ground GND through the resistor R30, and the CH1 detection end is also connected to one end of the capacitor C21, and the other end of the capacitor C21 is connected to the ground GND, so as to filter and stabilize the CH1 detection end.

[0033] In this embodiment, the input anti-backflow and protection sub-module is arranged at the front end of the solar input interface and the charging management loop. On the one hand, it forms a one-way energy path for the solar input, and on the other hand, it shapes and stabilizes the detection signal at the input side, so that the rear charging management loop can still obtain stable input conditions under the conditions of outdoor light fluctuation, cable interference or transient impact. The 1 pin of the solar input interface CH1 is connected to the input side of the rear charging management chip through the diode D1. The diode D1 forms a directional constraint between the solar input side and the energy storage power supply side. When the voltage of the solar side decreases or drops, the diode D1 can inhibit the reverse current from the energy storage side to the solar input side through the charging management loop, thereby reducing the energy loss and input end abnormal heating caused by backflow, and improving the energy utilization efficiency and reliability of the system at night or in weak light stage. At the same time, the diode D1 output side is connected in parallel with the capacitor C2, which provides buffer for the ripple and transient fluctuation of the input end, so that the voltage change at the input side of the charging management chip is smoother, and the charging start-stop jitter caused by solar output fluctuation is reduced, which is conducive to the continuity and stability of the charging process.

[0034] On the detection signal path, the sub-module forms a voltage division and filtering network by resistors R29, R30 and capacitor C21 at the CH1 detection end, and outputs the voltage state at the output side of the diode D1 as a detection signal in the form of low noise and stable level. Resistors R29 and R30 form a proportional transformation of the input voltage, so that the level at the CH1 detection end falls within a range that is easy for the rear control module or comparison logic to sample and identify; capacitor C21 cooperates with the voltage division network to low-pass filter the high-frequency interference, short-time spikes or jitter at the detection end, so that the CH1 detection end presents a more stable voltage change trend. Thus, the signal flow is from the solar input side to the output side of the diode D1, and then to the CH1 detection end after being shaped by R29, R30 and C21, providing a more reliable input existence or input strength judgment basis for the control module, so that the control strategy can more stably complete the day-night mode switching or charging enable judgment, and reduce the misjudgment and frequent switching caused by light boundary condition fluctuation.

[0035] In this embodiment, the diode D1 realizes reverse current suppression, so that the energy storage power supply end is less likely to cause backflow to the solar input end, reducing input end abnormalities and energy loss, and improving the endurance of the device under weak light or no light conditions; capacitor C2 buffers and filters the input electric energy, reducing the influence of solar output fluctuation on the charging management loop and improving the stability of the charging process; R29, R30 and C21 perform voltage division and filtering stabilization processing on the CH1 detection end, making the detection signal have stronger anti-interference ability and more reliable boundary judgment, reducing the jitter of the input state judgment by the control module, and thus improving the stable operation ability of the whole machine in complex outdoor electromagnetic and light environments.

[0036] In the embodiment, the charging current setting sub-module comprises a charging management chip U2 and a resistor R4. The ISET pin of the charging management chip U2 is connected with one end of the resistor R4, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the ground GND, so as to set the charging current of the energy storage power supply module by the charging management chip U2. The TEMP pin of the charging management chip U2 is connected with the ground GND.

[0037] In the embodiment, the charging current setting sub-module sets the resistor R4 between the ISET pin of the charging management chip U2 and the ground GND to form a current setting channel, so that the U2 has a clear charging current constraint when performing charging management. In operation, the setting branch corresponding to the ISET pin is used to provide a reference condition related to the resistor R4 to the U2, and the U2 determines the size of the charging current output to the energy storage power supply module according to the reference condition, so that the charging process is controlled by predictable parameters instead of being randomly changed by input fluctuations or energy storage end states. The current setting mechanism enables the energy harvesting and charging management module to maintain a relatively stable charging strength when the solar supply capacity changes and the energy storage power supply module is in different power stages, avoiding problems such as overheating, life attenuation or unstable operation of the charging management loop caused by excessive charging current, and low charging efficiency and difficulty in timely supplementing available energy caused by insufficient charging current.

[0038] In the embodiment, the TEMP pin is connected with the ground GND, so that the temperature-related detection end of the U2 is in a determined reference state, which is beneficial to avoid the uncertainty introduced by the suspended TEMP end, thereby improving the working stability of the charging management chip in a complex electromagnetic environment. Therefore, the action relationship between the signal and the energy is that the R4 setting branch provides a constraint condition for the charging current control logic of the U2, and the TEMP pin grounding provides a stable reference for the temperature detection-related logic of the U2, so that the U2 can output a controlled charging current under stable internal reference conditions.

[0039] In the embodiment, the charging state output sub-module comprises the charging management chip U2, a resistor R6, a diode D4 and a diode D5. One end of the resistor R6 is connected with the VIN pin of the charging management chip U2, and the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with the 1 pin of the diode D4 and the 1 pin of the diode D5. The 2 pin of the diode D4 is connected with the DUNE pin of the charging management chip U2, and the 2 pin of the diode D5 is connected with the CHRG pin of the charging management chip U2.

[0040] In this embodiment, the charging status output submodule is used to output the charging status inside the charging management chip U2 in the form of an externally recognizable electrical signal, and to isolate the coupling effects between different status signals, enabling the control module to perform working mode judgment and light emission control decisions based on the charging status related signals. The status information generated by U2 is output through the DUNE pin and CHRG pin, and then fed into a common node through diodes D4 and D5 and pulled up to a reference through resistor R6, ultimately forming a status level change that can be sampled externally.

[0041] One end of resistor R6 is connected to the VIN pin of U2, providing a level reference related to the input power supply side for the status output network, effectively providing a pull-up or bias condition for the status signal. The other end of R6 is connected to the same end of diodes D4 and D5, allowing the status signals of D4 and D5 to converge at the common node. Diodes D4 and D5 are connected to the DUNE and CHRG pins of U2, respectively, giving the two status outputs unidirectional conduction characteristics when transmitting level changes to the common node. This suppresses reverse crosstalk between the two status pins at the circuit level, preventing one status level from causing undesirable constraint or backflow effects on the other. Therefore, when U2 is in different charging stages, the status outputs corresponding to DUNE and CHRG change, resulting in a distinguishable change in the level of the common node. The control module can then obtain charging status information by sampling the node level or its changing trend.

[0042] In this embodiment, the energy storage power supply module includes a battery interface BT1 and a transient suppressor TVS1; Pin 1 of the battery interface BT1 is connected to the positive battery node BT+, and pin 2 of the battery interface BT1 is connected to ground GND. The positive battery node BT+ serves as the positive battery node BT+ of the energy storage power supply module, is connected to the power supply node MCU_PWR and is used to supply power to the control module, and is also connected to one end of the transient suppressor TVS1. The other end of the transient suppressor TVS1 is connected to ground GND.

[0043] In this embodiment, the energy storage power supply module is used to establish a stable power output between the energy storage power supply module and the power consumption side of the whole machine, and to provide overvoltage clamping protection for the power supply node through transient suppression devices. The battery interface BT1 serves as the electrical connection entry of the energy storage power supply module, with pin 1 connected to the positive terminal BT+ of the battery and pin 2 grounded to form the reference terminal of the power supply circuit. When the device is working, the positive terminal BT+ of the battery acts as the main power supply bus, providing energy to the downstream power consumption unit on the one hand, and serving as a common power supply reference for subsequent voltage detection, light-emitting drive, and other circuits on the other hand, thereby enabling the energy storage power supply module to provide continuous power to the device during periods of insufficient solar energy input or no light at night.

[0044] BT+ is electrically connected to the power node MCU_PWR, enabling the control module to obtain operating power from MCU_PWR. Under this power supply condition, the control module performs functions such as sampling charging status signals, determining operating modes, and outputting light-emitting control signals. Since the control module is sensitive to power supply stability, the connection of BT+ as a power supply head to MCU_PWR allows the control module to directly obtain power support from the energy storage module, reducing problems such as resets and misjudgments caused by excessively long power supply paths or unstable nodes. Simultaneously, TVS1 is connected to BT+ at one end and grounded at the other, creating a rapid discharge path for BT+ in the event of transient overvoltage. TVS1 clamps abnormal overvoltage within a safe range, preventing high-voltage spikes from being transmitted to sensitive devices such as MCU_PWR and the control module, thereby improving the overall device's ability to withstand surges, electrostatic discharge, or sudden load changes in outdoor environments.

[0045] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the control module includes a microcontroller U1, capacitors C8 and C13, resistors R47 and R69, capacitor C31, and button SW2. The VDD pin of the microcontroller U1 is connected to the power node MCU_PWR. The power node MCU_PWR is also connected to the positive terminals of capacitor C8 and capacitor C13 respectively. The negative terminal of capacitor C8 is connected to ground GND, and the negative terminal of capacitor C13 is connected to ground GND. The GND pin of the microcontroller U1 is connected to ground (GND). The input port of the microcontroller U1 is connected to one end of the button SW2, and the other end of the button SW2 is connected to ground GND. The input port of the microcontroller U1 is also connected to the power node MCU_PWR through resistor R47, and connected to ground GND through resistor R69 and capacitor C31 in series. The output port of the microcontroller U1 is connected to the control input terminal of the light-emitting driver module, and is used to output light-emitting control signals to the light-emitting driver module.

[0046] In this embodiment, the control module, centered on microcontroller U1, receives and processes charging status-related signals and generates a light-emitting control signal based on the device's operating strategy, outputting it to the light-emitting driver module. To ensure stable operation of the control module under outdoor power supply fluctuations and load switching conditions, the VDD pin of microcontroller U1 is powered by the power node MCU_PWR. Simultaneously, capacitors C8 and C13 in parallel with MCU_PWR form a power supply decoupling and filtering network. This ensures that the control module receives a relatively smooth power supply voltage even under conditions such as sudden current changes caused by the light-emitting driver module's operation, variations in solar energy input, or slow drops in energy storage voltage. This reduces the risk of reset, misjudgment, or program abnormalities caused by power supply ripple or transient drops in microcontroller U1. The GND pin of microcontroller U1 is connected to ground, providing a stable reference for the microcontroller U1's logic judgment and signal sampling, ensuring consistency between the control module's sampling threshold and output logic.

[0047] like Figure 4 As shown, button SW2 is connected to the input port of microcontroller U1, forming a human-machine input channel used to trigger or switch the device's operating state. This input port is connected to MCU_PWR via resistor R47, ensuring a defined default input level and preventing random bouncing caused by floating. Simultaneously, it is connected to ground via resistor R69 and capacitor C31, forming an anti-interference and debouncing network. This smooths out mechanical bouncing caused by button action or high-frequency pulsations caused by external electromagnetic interference, resulting in a more stable input port level change. This improves the reliability of button recognition and reduces false triggering and repeated triggering. Therefore, the input signal flow is as follows: button action causes a change in the input port level, which is then biased by R47 and filtered and shaped by R69 and C31 before being sampled and determined by microcontroller U1. Microcontroller U1 then updates its internal control logic based on the determination result.

[0048] In terms of output control, the output port of microcontroller U1 is connected to the control input terminal of the light-emitting driver module. Microcontroller U1 generates a light-emitting control signal based on the received charging status signals, energy storage status, or button input status, and outputs this light-emitting control signal to the light-emitting driver module. Since the light-emitting driver module provides a controlled drive current based on the light-emitting control signal, the light-emitting control signal output by microcontroller U1 can directly determine the lighting and modulation mode of the light-emitting load, enabling the control module to achieve centralized scheduling of light-emitting behavior at the signal level, thereby achieving differentiated control under different power supply conditions and environmental conditions.

[0049] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the light-emitting driving module includes resistor R26, capacitor C18, capacitor C19, diode D2, driver chip IC1, driver chip IC2, driver chip IC3, resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, and load interface RLED. The power node MCU_PWR is connected to the positive battery node BT+ via resistor R26. The positive battery node BT+ is connected to one end of capacitor C18 and one end of capacitor C19. The other end of capacitor C18 is connected to ground GND, and the other end of capacitor C19 is connected to ground GND. The positive battery node BT+ is connected to the input terminal of diode D2, and the output terminal of diode D2 is connected to pin 1 of the load interface RLED. The driver chips IC1, IC2, and IC3 are all L7135. The GND pin of the driver chip IC1 is connected to ground GND, the GND pin of the driver chip IC2 is connected to ground GND, and the GND pin of the driver chip IC3 is connected to ground GND. The OUT pins of the driver chip IC1, the driver chip IC2, and the driver chip IC3 are connected and connected to pin 2 of the load interface RLED. The IN pin of the driver chip IC1 is connected to the control signal R_PWM via resistor R1, the IN pin of the driver chip IC2 is connected to the control signal R_PWM via resistor R2, and the IN pin of the driver chip IC3 is connected to the control signal R_PWM via resistor R3.

[0050] In this embodiment, the light-emitting drive module converts the electrical energy provided by the energy storage power supply module into a controlled drive current for the light-emitting load, and converts the control signal R_PWM output by the control module into a lighting or modulation effect for the light-emitting load. The positive terminal node BT+ of the battery serves as the power supply bus on the drive side, providing a forward power supply path to pin 1 of the load interface RLED via diode D2. Diode D2 constrains the power supply direction. When there is reverse coupling on the load side or an external connection abnormality, reverse current backflow to the BT+ side is suppressed, thereby improving power supply safety and resistance to misconnection. The parallel capacitors C18 and C19 on BT+ form a local energy storage and filtering buffer. When the light-emitting load is modulated and driven, the pulsation of the drive current will cause transient fluctuations in the power supply voltage. C18 and C19 can provide instantaneous charge compensation on the rising edge of the current and absorb rebound disturbances on the falling edge of the current, making the voltage on the BT+ side smoother and reducing the coupling effect of power supply ripple on the control module and charging management circuit, which is beneficial for the whole machine to maintain stable operation during flickering or dimming.

[0051] In this embodiment, the power node MCU_PWR is connected to BT+ via resistor R26, creating a certain degree of isolation and damping between the power supply changes on the light-emitting drive side and the power supply side of the control module. Specifically, when a large current pulse from the light-emitting load causes a transient drop or spike in BT+, R26 can limit the impact transmission of the transient current between different power supply nodes, reducing the impact on the power supply stability of MCU_PWR, thereby reducing the risk of reset or output jitter in the control module due to power supply disturbances. At the same time, R26 also makes it difficult for high-frequency noise on the drive side to be directly coupled to the power supply network of the control module, improving the system's anti-interference capability.

[0052] Driver chips IC1, IC2, and IC3 are all L7135. Their OUT pins are connected in parallel to pin 2 of the load interface RLED, forming a controlled current collection channel for the luminous load circuit. The parallel operation of the three driver chips increases the available drive current while maintaining a consistent driving mode, ensuring sufficient drive current for the luminous load to meet warning brightness requirements even with limited battery voltage. The control signal R_PWM is input to the IN pins of IC1, IC2, and IC3 via resistors R1, R2, and R3 respectively, allowing the enable or modulation behavior of the three driver chips to be synchronously driven by the same control signal. The control module can control the switching or pulse modulation of the drive current by adjusting the output timing or duty cycle characteristics of R_PWM, thereby achieving modulated lighting effects such as turning on, turning off, or flashing of the luminous load. Resistors R1, R2, and R3 limit current and suppress interference for the control input, reducing the impact of R_PWM on the input pins during transmission and lowering the probability of false triggering due to external interference.

[0053] In this embodiment, the control circuit further includes a battery voltage detection submodule, which includes resistors R16 and R10, capacitor C1, and resistor R52. The battery positive terminal BT+ is connected to one end of resistor R16, and the other end of resistor R16 is connected to the battery voltage detection node VDL. The battery voltage detection node VDL is connected to one end of resistor R10 and one end of capacitor C1. The other end of resistor R10 and capacitor C1 are both connected to ground GND. The battery voltage detection node VDL is connected to the PB6 / AN6 pin of microcontroller U1. One end of resistor R52 is connected to the battery positive terminal BT+, and the other end of resistor R52 is connected to ground GND.

[0054] In this embodiment, the battery voltage detection submodule converts the voltage state of the battery positive terminal BT+ into a detection signal that the microcontroller U1 can directly sample. It then performs filtering and steady-state processing on the sampled signal, enabling the control module to obtain stable and reliable battery voltage information to support operating mode determination and light emission strategy control. The signal flow is as follows: the voltage of the battery positive terminal BT+ is first sent to the battery voltage detection node VDL via resistor R16. VDL then forms a voltage divider circuit with ground GND through resistor R10, thereby scaling the BT+ voltage proportionally to the VDL voltage, ensuring that the detection level falls within the sampleable range of the microcontroller U1's PB6 / AN6 pins. Capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with VDL to ground, performing low-pass filtering on high-frequency noise, power supply ripple, and transient disturbances caused by light emission drive pulsations at the VDL node. This makes the voltage sampled by the microcontroller U1 closer to the steady-state change trend of the battery voltage, reducing misjudgments caused by sampling jitter.

[0055] VDL is connected to pins PB6 / AN6 of microcontroller U1. Microcontroller U1 can acquire the voltage value of VDL through analog sampling and use this voltage value as a representation of the battery voltage state to determine whether the energy storage power supply module is in a low voltage, normal voltage, or near-undervoltage state, thus providing a basis for subsequent light control. For example, when the battery voltage is low, the light duty cycle can be reduced or the lighting duration limited; when the battery voltage is sufficient, normal warning brightness or flashing rhythm can be implemented, so that the operation of the light load and the energy storage state are coordinated, improving battery life and reliability. Since this detection submodule performs proportional scaling and filtering shaping of the voltage at the circuit level, microcontroller U1 can obtain usable voltage information without directly contacting the high potential or strong ripple nodes of the battery, which is beneficial to improving the safety and anti-interference capability of sampling. Resistor R52 is connected to the positive terminal BT+ of the battery at one end and grounded at the other end GND, so that a continuous discharge or reference load path is formed on the BT+ side. This ensures that the battery voltage still has a definite reference state under no-load or intermittent load conditions, avoiding detection instability caused by drift or residual charge at the BT+ node under certain boundary conditions, thereby improving the consistency of battery voltage detection results.

[0056] To reduce the number of components and connection nodes in the overall circuit, thereby reducing circuit complexity and improving system integration, some components can be shared between modules, submodules, and loops in this embodiment. For example, diode D1 is a component shared by the input reverse current protection submodule and the charging management loop. C2 is a component shared by the input reverse current protection submodule and the charging management loop. R4 is a component shared by the charging current setting submodule and the charging management loop. R6 is a component shared by the charging status output submodule and the charging management loop. D4 is a component shared by the charging status output submodule and the charging management loop. D5 is a component shared by the charging status output submodule and the charging management loop. The charging management chip U2 is a component shared by the charging management loop, the charging current setting submodule, and the charging status output submodule.

[0057] Example 2 like Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a power facility warning device, including a solar energy harvesting device and a power facility warning device control circuit as described in Embodiment 1. The solar energy harvesting device is electrically connected to the input terminal of the energy harvesting and charging management module, enabling the electrical energy generated by the solar energy harvesting device under sunlight conditions to be introduced into the control circuit and used for subsequent charging and power supply. The solar energy harvesting device can be a solar panel or a solar cell module.

[0058] Example 3 This embodiment provides a control method for a power facility warning device, the method further includes: S1: The energy storage power supply module is charged according to the electrical energy collected by the solar energy collection device, and the charging status signal is output to the control module. Charging the energy storage power supply module based on the electrical energy collected by the solar energy harvesting device means that the electrical energy generated by the solar energy harvesting device under sunlight conditions is introduced into the energy harvesting and charging management module. This module manages the electrical energy and then provides charging energy to the corresponding energy storage power supply module, replenishing its power. Simultaneously with the charging process, the energy harvesting and charging management module generates and outputs charging status signals to the control module. This allows the control module to know whether charging is in progress, completed, or in what charging state, providing input for determining the subsequent operating mode. This step establishes the energy replenishment process and status information output synchronously, allowing the control module to obtain the charging status without directly intervening in the charging power path, facilitating stable charging management and control linkage under outdoor conditions with fluctuating power supply.

[0059] S2: Obtain the voltage detection signal corresponding to the battery voltage detection node based on the charging status related signals; After receiving the charging status-related signals, the control module further reads the voltage detection signal output by the battery voltage detection node. The detection signal corresponding to the battery voltage detection node is generated by the battery voltage detection submodule based on the voltage of the battery's positive terminal and input to the microcontroller's sampling pin, enabling the control module to obtain the voltage detection signal through sampling.

[0060] S3: Determine the current working mode of the power facility warning device based on the charging status related signal, and determine the voltage status of the energy storage power supply module based on the voltage detection signal; The control module uses charging status-related signals as input conditions for mode determination to distinguish whether the device is in a suitable charging stage or a suitable warning light illumination stage. For example, the presence of input or charging progress reflected by the charging status-related signals is used as the criterion for daytime mode, while the absence of input or charging stoppage is used as the criterion for nighttime mode. Simultaneously, the control module judges the voltage status of the energy storage power supply module based on voltage detection signals, determining whether the voltage is sufficient or low, so as to select different light emission control methods in nighttime mode. In this embodiment, mode determination and voltage status determination are determined by different signals, avoiding frequent mode fluctuations caused by relying solely on changes in solar energy input, and preventing the device from rapidly losing power due to forced illumination when the energy storage voltage is insufficient.

[0061] S4: When the current working mode is night mode, control the light-emitting driver module to drive the light-emitting load to light up or modulate the light emission.

[0062] After determining that the device has entered night mode, the control module outputs a light-emitting control signal to the light-emitting drive module. This signal enables the drive module to provide a controlled drive current to the luminous load, thereby illuminating the load or modulating its light emission at a specific rhythm, duty cycle, or frequency. Because the drive current output by the light-emitting drive module is controlled by the control signal, the control module can select a more suitable lighting or modulation method based on the voltage status of the energy storage power supply module. This ensures effective warning while reducing energy consumption and extending the device's continuous operating time at night or in low-light environments. This step, by directly linking the mode determination result to the drive output, ensures that the warning function is activated only when needed, reducing energy waste caused by ineffective daytime illumination and improving the reliability and applicability of power facility warning devices in outdoor power-constrained scenarios.

[0063] In this embodiment, step S4: when the current working mode is night mode, controlling the light-emitting driving module to drive the light-emitting load to light up or modulate the light emission includes: S41: Determine the current remaining battery power based on the battery voltage detection signal; The battery voltage detection signal is a voltage signal generated by voltage division and filtering at the positive terminal of the battery and sent to the sampling pin of the microcontroller to characterize the battery terminal voltage state. The current remaining power can be represented by power levels or power ranges, such as dividing the remaining power into four categories: sufficient, normal, low, and critical, or into several power levels.

[0064] Specifically, this includes: S411: Sampling the battery voltage detection signal at a preset sampling time to obtain at least one battery voltage sample value; the preset sampling time refers to a fixed time point set according to the system's internal clock or external conditions, at which the system acquires battery voltage data. This can be fixed-period sampling or triggered by external events (such as battery power decrease, changes in charging state, etc.). The system periodically acquires the battery voltage signal from the battery voltage detection module according to the preset sampling time or conditions. In some scenarios, multiple samples may be taken and their average value calculated to ensure the stability of the measurement results.

[0065] S412: The battery voltage sample values ​​are processed to obtain a valid battery voltage value representing the current battery state. Steady-state processing refers to averaging or filtering multiple sampled or instantaneous voltage values ​​to eliminate noise and instantaneous fluctuations, obtaining smoother and more reliable voltage data. This process can employ methods such as low-pass filtering, moving average, or weighted average. The system filters and denoises the battery voltage sample values ​​to ensure the accuracy and stability of the sampled data. This can be achieved using software filtering algorithms (such as moving average or weighted average) or hardware filtering circuits (such as low-pass filters).

[0066] The effective battery voltage value refers to the battery voltage value after steady-state processing. It represents the actual operating voltage of the battery and can more accurately reflect the current state of the battery.

[0067] S413: Compare the effective battery voltage value with a preset voltage range set to determine the voltage range to which the effective battery voltage value belongs; S414: Based on the voltage range, determine the corresponding remaining power level as the representation result of the current remaining power.

[0068] A preset voltage range set refers to several voltage ranges (e.g., 0-3.0V, 3.0-3.5V, 3.5-4.0V, etc.) set according to the battery's operating characteristics and battery pack design. Each range corresponds to a different battery charge level. These ranges are based on the battery's standard voltage range and are divided into multiple stages to represent different levels of battery charge. Each voltage range represents a certain range of battery voltage values, usually corresponding to the battery's remaining charge level. For example, a voltage range of 3.5V-4.0V might correspond to a high remaining charge level, while 3.0V-3.5V corresponds to a medium charge level, and 0-3.0V corresponds to a low charge level. The system compares the battery voltage value after steady-state processing with the preset voltage ranges. Based on the battery voltage value, the system determines which voltage range it belongs to, thereby determining the current battery's remaining charge level (e.g., high charge, medium charge, low charge, etc.).

[0069] The preset voltage range can be adjusted according to actual needs, such as dynamic adjustment based on factors like ambient temperature, battery type, or usage conditions. The range definition can be based on the battery's discharge characteristics and set according to practical usage experience.

[0070] In night mode, the control module samples the battery voltage detection signal, compares the sampled results with a preset voltage range set, and outputs the corresponding remaining power level or estimated remaining power value. To reduce the impact of voltage ripple caused by light modulation, multiple samplings can be used to obtain representative values, or sampling can be performed within a preset sampling time slot. The remaining power result is then saved as input for subsequent budget calculations and parameter selection processes.

[0071] S42: Obtain the remaining time until the next rechargeable state and the expected remaining battery level target; Remaining time refers to the length of time from the current moment until the device can enter a rechargeable state again, such as the time until sunrise or until solar input returns to rechargeable conditions. Expected remaining power target refers to the minimum power level that is desired to be retained before entering a rechargeable state, to ensure that the device still has basic operational and warning capabilities for the remainder of the night, such as retaining a power level that does not trigger undervoltage protection or can maintain the minimum safety warning mode.

[0072] The control module first estimates the remaining time using preset day-night time parameters (e.g., sunrise and sunset times, or preset solar input recovery times). The control module can then use an internal timer (e.g., the system's internal clock) to calculate the difference between the current time and the next rechargeable time (such as sunrise or solar input recovery time), which is the remaining time. For example, if the current time is 10 PM and the system knows the sun will rise at 6 AM, then the remaining time is 8 hours. The system can also fine-tune the day-night cycle based on seasonal changes and historical data to improve the accuracy of the estimation.

[0073] The expected remaining power target can be given by a preset strategy, such as using the safety margin above the undervoltage threshold as the target power level, or using different targets for different seasons and different warning levels. This step enables the system to make instantaneous decisions not only based on the current power level, but also to control the illumination for warnings for the remaining nighttime hours, which can reduce the risk of excessive brightness in the first half of the night and extinguishing in the second half, and improve the warning coverage duration.

[0074] S43: Determine the energy consumption budget per unit time based on the current remaining power, remaining time, and expected remaining power target; The energy consumption budget per unit time is the upper limit of average energy consumption used to constrain light emission modulation. It is the average energy consumption allowed over the remaining time to ensure that the expected remaining power target is achieved while meeting the warning requirements. This budget can be expressed as a budget level, budget range, or budget parameter.

[0075] Based on the current remaining power status obtained in S41 and the remaining time and expected remaining power target obtained in S42, the control module first determines the available energy margin or allowable voltage margin, and then allocates it to the remaining time to obtain a budget value per unit time. This budget value serves as a hard constraint input for subsequent parameter selection. When determining the energy consumption budget per unit time, the total power that can be consumed within the remaining time is first calculated based on the current remaining power and the expected remaining power target. For example, if the current remaining power is 80% and the expected remaining power target is 20%, the system can consume 60% of the power within the remaining time. Next, the consuming power is evenly distributed across the remaining time period to obtain the energy consumption budget per unit time. For example, if the remaining time is 6 hours, a maximum of 10% of the power can be consumed per hour. In this way, the control module can limit the energy consumption per unit time based on the remaining power and remaining time, thereby ensuring that the warning device meets the warning requirements without causing equipment malfunction due to excessive power consumption.

[0076] S44: Obtain visual consistency constraints and reference warning light emission parameters, wherein the reference warning light emission parameters include one or more of the following: flicker period, duty cycle of the pulse width modulation signal driving the light emission unit to emit light, brightness-to-duty ratio, and number of pulses per cycle; Visual consistency constraints are rules used to limit the degree to which the adjusted warning effect closely matches the baseline effect. These constraints can be requirements for permissible deviations in the overall visual perception, such as warning rhythm, brightness / darkness structure, and pulse structure. For example, if the flashing period is adjusted from the baseline of 1 second to 1.2 seconds, the visual equivalence constraint can stipulate that its variation range cannot exceed ±10%; otherwise, the warning effect will deviate from its original warning purpose. For example, if the brightness-to-dullness ratio in the baseline mode is 1:1, the system can allow it to be adjusted within ±10% (e.g., from 0.9:1 to 1.1:1), while the duty cycle adjustment range is also controlled within ±10% of the baseline value (e.g., from 45% to 55%). This ensures energy saving while maintaining the brightness and flashing rhythm of the warning light, ensuring stable visual effects, avoiding sudden changes in the warning effect due to over-adjustment, and improving the recognizability and reliability of the warning device. Visual consistency constraints can be set based on the human eye's perception characteristics of light intensity and flashing frequency. For example, the human eye is highly sensitive to changes in flashing period, but less sensitive to changes in brightness (e.g., duty cycle) and brightness-to-dullness ratio. Therefore, visual consistency constraints should prioritize maintaining the consistency of the flicker period, followed by the duty cycle and the brightness-to-off ratio.

[0077] The baseline warning light emission parameters are the set of emission parameters of the device in the default warning mode, including at least one or more of the following: flashing period, duty cycle of pulse width modulation signal, brightness-to-duty ratio, and number of pulses per cycle. These parameters serve as a reference for subsequent candidate parameter construction and visual difference evaluation. Among them, the duty cycle of pulse width modulation signal is used to control the light intensity of the warning light; the larger the duty cycle, the greater the light intensity of the warning light.

[0078] The control module reads the baseline warning illumination parameters from the preset parameter area and the corresponding visual consistency constraints as selection criteria. The baseline parameters are used to limit the generation range of candidate parameters, and the visual consistency constraints are used to judge the degree of difference between the candidate scheme and the baseline scheme. This step completes the loading and initialization of the baseline parameters and constraint rules to avoid unstable illumination performance due to lack of reference during dynamic parameter tuning at night.

[0079] This step provides a clear reference benchmark and consistent constraints for degradation control, maintaining the identifiability and consistency of warnings during energy-saving adjustments. It reduces abrupt changes in warning methods due to parameter drift and leverages user recognition of warning signals. Each illumination control parameter (such as flashing period, duty cycle, etc.) has an acceptable range of deviation. These deviation thresholds are determined experimentally or through user feedback, typically based on the perceptual characteristics of the human eye. For example, the deviation of the flashing period may be limited to ±10%, while the deviation of the duty cycle may be limited to ±5%. These thresholds ensure that the adjusted visual effect remains within acceptable limits and does not lead to sudden changes in warning signals.

[0080] S45: Determine the target warning light emission parameters based on visual consistency constraints, baseline warning light emission parameters, and energy consumption budget per unit time, and control the light emission drive module based on the target warning light emission parameters.

[0081] The target warning illumination parameters are the set of illumination parameters ultimately used to drive the luminous load. These parameters are manifested as the period, duty cycle, on / off structure, or pulse structure corresponding to the control signal output from the control module to the luminous drive module. The core of this step is to introduce visual consistency constraints to comprehensively weigh candidate parameters under the hard constraint of energy consumption budget per unit time, thereby maximizing the maintenance of the baseline warning effect while meeting battery life requirements.

[0082] The control module constructs a candidate warning illumination parameter set based on the baseline warning illumination parameters. It estimates the energy consumption per unit time for each candidate scheme and filters them based on the unit time energy consumption budget to obtain an intermediate illumination parameter set. Then, it evaluates the visual difference of the intermediate illumination parameter set according to visual consistency constraints and selects the scheme with the smallest visual difference as the target warning illumination parameter. If no candidate scheme that meets the budget is found after filtering, the illumination parameters are adjusted step-by-step according to the unit time energy consumption difference and the priority order to generate a new candidate set and iteratively filter until a feasible solution is obtained or a backup mode is entered.

[0083] This embodiment can still output warning light parameters with minimal difference from the baseline effect when the power is low, reducing the risk of sudden changes in warning style and decreased visibility, while avoiding premature extinguishing due to excessive power consumption, thereby improving the continuity, stability and overall reliability of nighttime warnings.

[0084] In this embodiment, step S45: determining the target warning illumination parameters based on visual consistency constraints, baseline warning illumination parameters, and unit time energy consumption budget, and controlling the illumination driving module based on the target warning illumination parameters includes: S451: Construct a candidate warning light emission parameter set based on the baseline warning light emission parameters, wherein the candidate warning light emission parameter set includes several sets of warning light emission parameters; The reference warning light emission parameters refer to the standard light emission parameters of the power facility warning device under normal operation or full power conditions, including but not limited to the flashing period, the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation signal, the brightness-to-duty ratio, and the number of pulses per cycle.

[0085] The candidate warning light emission parameter set is a set of alternative parameters generated based on the baseline warning light emission parameters. These parameters are formed by adjusting different combinations of light emission parameters (such as flashing period, duty cycle of pulse width modulation signal, etc.) to create multiple different light emission control strategies.

[0086] S452: Obtain the energy consumption per unit time for each group of warning light emission parameters in the candidate warning light emission parameter set; Energy consumption per unit time refers to the electrical energy consumed by the warning device per unit time under specific light emission parameters. This energy consumption varies depending on the light emission mode (for example, energy consumption is higher when the flashing period is short and the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation signal is high).

[0087] First, the energy consumption needs to be evaluated based on the control characteristics of each candidate parameter, such as the flashing period, the brightness-to-duty ratio, and the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation (PWM) signal. Specifically, the lighting time within one flashing period can be determined based on the flashing period and the brightness-to-duty ratio. The power of the light emitted can be determined based on the duty cycle of the PWM signal. Then, the product of the power and the lighting time is the energy consumed in one flashing period. Finally, the energy consumed in one flashing period is multiplied by the time of one flashing period to obtain the energy consumption per unit time.

[0088] S453: Determine several sets of luminescence parameters as intermediate luminescence parameter sets based on the unit time energy consumption budget and the unit time energy consumption of each set of candidate luminescence parameters; The energy consumption budget per unit time is a preset maximum energy consumption limit based on remaining battery power and remaining operating time. It ensures that the system provides alerts without exceeding the available battery's energy limit.

[0089] The intermediate emission parameter set is a set of emission control parameters that meets the energy consumption budget requirements, selected from all candidate emission parameters. After screening, the intermediate parameter set only includes those combinations of emission parameters that can work effectively within the energy consumption budget.

[0090] The system first evaluates the energy consumption of each group of candidate luminescence parameters, and then filters them according to a preset energy consumption budget per unit time. Only parameters with energy consumption lower than the budget will enter the intermediate luminescence parameter set, providing a candidate basis for subsequent visual difference evaluation.

[0091] In this step, the energy consumption of each group of candidate luminescence parameters is first evaluated based on a preset energy consumption budget per unit time. If the energy consumption of some candidate parameters exceeds the budget, these parameters will be eliminated and no longer considered as valid candidates. The remaining parameters will form an intermediate set of luminescence parameters for further screening and optimization in subsequent steps.

[0092] S454: Obtain the degree of visual difference corresponding to each set of luminescence parameters based on the luminescence parameters of each set of luminescence parameters; The degree of visual difference is quantified by calculating the difference between different light emission control strategies and baseline warning light emission parameters. The visual difference value can be obtained by weighting the changes in parameters such as flicker period, duty cycle of the pulse width modulation signal, and brightness-to-off ratio. Each set of light emission parameters contains a set of light emission control strategies, which may include combinations of various parameters such as flicker period and duty cycle of the pulse width modulation signal.

[0093] The control module evaluates the visual differences of each candidate emission parameter set. This is done by comparing the candidate emission parameter set with the baseline warning emission parameters and calculating the degree of visual difference for each candidate set. This difference value can be obtained by calculating relative error or a weighted calculation method.

[0094] This step ensures that the system considers both visual consistency and maximizing alertness when selecting luminance parameters. By calculating visual differences, the system can effectively maintain the continuity of alertness, ensuring sufficient visibility even when luminance parameters need to be adjusted to save energy.

[0095] For example, the baseline warning light emission parameters are a flashing period of 1 second, a duty cycle of 50%, and a brightness-to-off ratio of 1:1.

[0096] Candidate emission parameter set A: flicker period 1.2 seconds, duty cycle 60%, brightness-to-dullness ratio 1:1.

[0097] Candidate emission parameter set B: flicker period 1 second, duty cycle 40%, brightness-to-duration ratio 1:2.

[0098] For candidate parameter set A, we can calculate its differences from the reference parameters: The difference in flicker period: 1.2 seconds is 0.2 seconds longer than the reference of 1 second, representing 20% ​​of the reference flicker period; The difference in duty cycle: 60% duty cycle is 10% longer than the reference of 50%, representing 20% ​​of the reference duty cycle; The difference in brightness ratio: The 1:1 brightness ratio is the same as the reference, therefore the difference is 0.

[0099] For example, the flicker period has a weight of 0.2, the duty cycle affects the weighting by 0.3, and the brightness-to-off ratio affects it by 0.5. We can calculate the visual difference of candidate parameter set A as: 0.2×20%+0.3×20%+0.5×0%.

[0100] For candidate parameter set B, we calculate: the difference in flicker period: 1 second is the same as the baseline value, so the difference is 0; the difference in duty cycle: 40% is 10% different from the baseline's 50%, representing 20% ​​of the baseline's duty cycle; the difference in brightness-to-off ratio: 1:2 is 50% different from the baseline's 1:1. With the same weighting, the visual difference of candidate parameter set B is calculated as: 0.2 × 0% + 0.3 × 20% + 0.5 × 50%.

[0101] S455: Select target warning light emission parameters from the set of light emission parameters based on the degree of visual difference.

[0102] The target warning luminous parameters are the final parameters selected from the set of intermediate luminous parameters. They meet the visual consistency constraints and, within the energy consumption budget, can provide a warning effect that is closest to the benchmark effect.

[0103] In this step, the control module selects the parameter set with the smallest difference from the intermediate emission parameter set based on the aforementioned visual difference level, and uses this as the target warning emission parameter set. Priority is given to the scheme with the visual effect closest to the baseline parameter set, i.e., the smallest visual difference level.

[0104] This step ensures that the final selected luminous control parameters not only meet energy consumption budget requirements but also visually approximate the baseline effect. Through this selection process, the system guarantees consistent warning effects while avoiding a significant decline in visual quality due to excessive energy saving, thus improving the applicability and reliability of the warning device.

[0105] In this embodiment, step S454: determining several sets of luminescence parameters as an intermediate luminescence parameter set based on the unit-time energy consumption budget and the unit-time energy consumption of each set of candidate luminescence parameters, including: S4541: Determine whether there exists at least one set of candidate luminescence parameters that satisfies the energy consumption budget per unit time; The system first determines whether there exists a set of candidate emission parameters whose energy consumption is lower than or equal to the energy consumption budget per unit time. If such candidate emission parameters exist, the system considers them valid candidates and prepares them for the subsequent screening stage.

[0106] This step only retains luminous parameters that meet the energy consumption budget during the screening phase. This initial screening of candidate solutions prevents those that do not meet the energy consumption budget from proceeding to subsequent stages, thus avoiding excessive battery drain and warning light malfunctions, and improving the system's energy efficiency and battery life.

[0107] S4542: If it exists, then select the candidate luminescence parameters that meet the energy consumption budget per unit time from the candidate luminescence parameter set as elements of the intermediate luminescence parameter set; Intermediate emission parameter set: This refers to the set of candidate emission parameters that, after screening, meet the energy consumption budget requirements per unit time. The intermediate parameter set includes emission control strategies that can operate normally within the budget, and these schemes will be used for further optimization and evaluation in subsequent steps.

[0108] S4543: If not, adjust the luminescence parameters sequentially according to the difference in energy consumption per unit time and the priority order to produce a new set of candidate luminescence parameters, and repeat steps S4541 to S4542, where the difference in energy consumption per unit time is the difference between the minimum energy consumption per unit time and the energy consumption budget per unit time of the current candidate luminescence parameter.

[0109] Energy consumption per unit time difference refers to the difference between the energy consumption of a set of candidate emission parameters and the energy consumption budget per unit time. This difference is used to determine whether the current candidate emission scheme exceeds the energy limit. If the difference is positive, it means that the energy consumption of the scheme exceeds the budget.

[0110] The priority order is based on the trade-off between the impact of luminescence parameters on visual effects and energy consumption, ranking the parameters according to their importance. Parameters with the least impact are adjusted first to ensure that the warning effect is maintained to the greatest extent possible.

[0111] If no candidate emission parameters meet the energy consumption budget per unit time, the system will adjust based on the energy consumption differences among the current candidate schemes. First, based on the energy consumption differences of each candidate scheme, the parameters with the least visual impact can be reduced. If the energy consumption is still insufficient, other parameters can be adjusted. This process continues until a new set of candidate emission parameters with suitable energy consumption is found. This process will be repeated until a new set of candidate emission parameters that meets the budget is generated.

[0112] Preferably, the step of adjusting the luminescence parameters sequentially according to the difference in energy consumption per unit time and the priority order to produce a new set of candidate luminescence parameters includes: S45431: Under the condition that the flickering period corresponding to the candidate light emission parameter set is the reference flickering period or falls within the allowable deviation range corresponding to the reference flickering period, the allowable average lighting ratio is determined according to the energy consumption budget per unit time, and the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation signal in the candidate light emission parameter set or the total lighting time per cycle is adjusted once to obtain the first candidate light emission parameter set. The maximum average illumination ratio is the highest percentage of time per unit time that the light-emitting unit can be lit up under the current remaining power and remaining working time conditions, in order to ensure that the expected remaining power target can still be achieved before entering the next rechargeable state.

[0113] The control module first keeps the flashing period constant or limits it to a small range. Then, based on the energy consumption budget per unit time obtained in the previous steps, it calculates the maximum allowable average lighting ratio under that period. Subsequently, the existing duty cycle or total lighting duration in the candidate light emission parameter set is directly adjusted to this allowable ratio, so that the adjusted light emission control parameters meet the energy consumption limit while maintaining the original rhythm structure. This adjustment is usually a one-time scaling up rather than a step-by-step trial.

[0114] First, determine the available energy margin. The control module uses the current remaining power obtained in S41 to subtract the expected remaining power target given in S42, thus obtaining the maximum allowable energy margin to be consumed before entering the next rechargeable state. This margin can be represented by the equivalent energy corresponding to the power level or the equivalent available capacity corresponding to the voltage range.

[0115] The aforementioned energy surplus is evenly distributed according to the remaining duration of S42 to obtain the average per-unit-time consumption limit allowed throughout the entire remaining period, which is the average consumption limit corresponding to the per-unit-time energy consumption budget.

[0116] The typical energy consumption per unit time of the light-emitting driver module under continuous illumination can be obtained experimentally. This typical energy consumption corresponds to the stable power level of the light-emitting unit under rated constant current drive. Under PWM modulation conditions, the average energy consumption per unit time is approximately proportional to the illumination duration. Therefore, the energy consumption budget per unit time can be directly converted into the allowable average illumination time ratio. S45432: Determine whether the first candidate light emission parameter set meets the preset identifiable lower limit constraint. The identifiable lower limit constraint is used to limit the minimum lighting requirement of the warning light under the condition that it can be identified by the naked eye. The identifiable lower limit constraint includes at least one of the following: minimum duty cycle threshold, minimum single pulse lighting width threshold, minimum brightness-to-duty ratio threshold, or minimum effective lighting duration per cycle threshold. The lower limit constraint for identifiability refers to the minimum effective condition limit set for the luminous parameters in order to ensure that the warning signal can still be stably identified by the human eye.

[0117] After obtaining the maximum average lighting ratio, the control module compares it with the identifiable lower limit constraint: if the maximum average lighting ratio is still higher than the lower limit, it means that adjusting only the duty cycle or the total lighting time in a fixed cycle can meet the requirements; if it is lower than the lower limit, proceed to step S45434.

[0118] S45433: If the identifiable lower limit constraint is met, then while keeping the number of pulses per cycle constant, the brightness of each pulse is adjusted so that the duty cycle or the total brightness duration per cycle meets the allowable average brightness ratio, and the first candidate light emission parameter set that meets the allowable average brightness ratio is used as a new candidate light emission parameter set to proceed to step S4541. Maintaining a constant number of pulses per cycle in this step means that the number of pulses within a single flashing cycle remains consistent with the baseline; for example, a cycle may still contain two short flashes or three pulse structures. Adjusting the brightness width of each pulse means shortening the duration of each pulse without changing the number of pulse occurrences or their relative timing.

[0119] During implementation, when S45432 determines that the identifiable lower limit constraint is met, the control module evenly distributes the allowable average lighting ratio to each pulse. By proportionally shortening the width of each pulse, the overall cycle structure remains unchanged, but the total lighting duration is reduced to within the budgeted range. Subsequently, this parameter set is used as a new candidate parameter to re-enter the energy consumption screening process.

[0120] This embodiment can maintain the original flashing pattern, compress the energy distribution, keep the rhythm, number of pulses and structural characteristics consistent, minimize the difference from the perspective of visual perception, and achieve a balance between energy consumption control and visual consistency.

[0121] S45434: If the identifiable lower limit constraint is not met, then under the condition that the duty cycle or the total lighting duration per cycle is limited to not less than the identifiable lower limit constraint, at least one of the following is executed in sequence according to the preset priority to reduce the energy consumption per unit time and generate a second candidate light emission parameter set: increase the flashing period, reduce the number of pulses per cycle, or merge the pulse structure to increase the single pulse lighting width and reduce the number of pulses, and the second candidate light emission parameter set is used as a new candidate light emission parameter set to proceed to step S4541; The preset priority is used to ensure that light emission parameters that have a smaller impact on the warning rhythm are adjusted before light emission parameters that have a larger impact on the warning rhythm.

[0122] Preset priority refers to the order in which various adjustable light emission parameters are adjusted according to their visual impact, from least to most significant. For example, priority is given to adjusting the illumination duration, followed by the number of pulses, and finally the flashing period. Pulse structure merging refers to combining multiple short pulses into a smaller number of wider pulses to reduce the number of switching operations per unit time, thereby reducing energy consumption.

[0123] During implementation, when S45432 determines that the recognition lower limit is not met, it indicates that simply compressing the duty cycle is no longer feasible. At this point, the control module, while maintaining the minimum recognition brightness condition, executes degradation measures item by item according to priority. For example, it first reduces the number of pulses per cycle to restore the width of each pulse to the recognition range; if the energy consumption budget is still not met, it appropriately increases the flashing period to reduce the average lighting ratio per unit time. After each structural adjustment is completed, a new set of candidate parameters is generated, and the process returns to the energy consumption screening process for re-evaluation.

[0124] This step utilizes the main path and the degradation path in coordination, gradually relinquishing visual features under the principles of rhythm priority and structure priority, thereby ensuring that the warning function continues to exist even when the battery is extremely low, avoiding sudden shutdown or disorderly changes, and improving system stability and security.

[0125] This step involves gradually adjusting candidate parameters to ensure that the system can still optimize the light emission control scheme through a minimization adjustment strategy even when it cannot directly meet the energy consumption budget. By gradually reducing parameters that do not affect the warning effect, energy-saving goals can be achieved while maintaining the original warning effect as much as possible, thereby improving the energy utilization efficiency and reliability of the device.

[0126] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, modules, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control circuit for a warning device on power facilities, characterized in that, include: Energy harvesting and charging management module, energy storage power supply module, control module, and light-emitting drive module; The input terminal of the energy harvesting and charging management module is electrically connected to the solar energy harvesting device, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the energy storage power supply module. The energy storage power supply module is configured to receive charging energy from the energy acquisition and charging management module, and to supply power to the control module and the light-emitting drive module. The control module is signal-connected to the energy harvesting and charging management module and is used to receive charging status related signals. The output terminal of the control module is signal-connected to the light-emitting driving module and is used to output light-emitting control signals. The control module determines the current working mode of the power facility warning device based on the charging status related signals and determines the voltage status of the energy storage power supply module based on the voltage detection signal. The light-emitting driving module is used to provide a controlled driving current to the light-emitting load under the action of the light-emitting control signal output by the control module, so as to realize the lighting or modulation of the light-emitting load.

2. The control circuit for the power facility warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy harvesting and charging management module includes a charging management circuit, an input anti-backflow and protection submodule, a charging current setting submodule, and a charging status output submodule. The input anti-backflow and protection submodule is configured to be electrically connected to the solar energy acquisition device, and is used to perform anti-backflow or surge protection on the solar energy input and output the acquired electrical energy to the charging management circuit; The charging current setting submodule is connected to the charging management circuit and is used to set the charging current of the energy storage power supply module; the charging status output submodule is connected to the charging management circuit and is used to output charging status related signals for the control module to receive.

3. The control circuit for the power facility warning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The input anti-reverse current and protection submodule includes a solar input interface CH1. The charging management circuit includes a charging management chip U2, a diode D1, resistors R4 and R6, capacitors C2 and C5, diodes D4 and D5, and a battery interface BT1. Pin 1 of the solar input interface CH1 is connected to the input terminal of diode D1. The output terminal of diode D1 is connected to the VIN pin of the charging management chip U2. The VIN pin of the charging management chip U2 is connected to the positive terminal of capacitor C2, and the negative terminal of capacitor C2 is connected to ground GND.

4. The control circuit for the power facility warning device according to claim 3, characterized in that... The GND pin of the charging management chip U2 is connected to ground GND, and the ISET pin of the charging management chip U2 is connected to ground GND via resistor R4; the BAT pin of the charging management chip U2 is connected to the positive terminal BT+ of the battery, the positive terminal BT+ of the battery is connected to the positive terminal of capacitor C5, the negative terminal of capacitor C5 is connected to ground GND, pin 1 of battery interface BT1 is connected to the positive terminal BT+ of the battery, and pin 2 of battery interface BT1 is connected to ground GND; the FB pin of the charging management chip U2 is connected to the positive terminal BT+ of the battery; one end of resistor R6 is connected to the VIN pin of the charging management chip U2, and the other end of resistor R6 is connected to pins 1 of diode D4 and pins 1 of diode D5; pin 2 of diode D4 is connected to the DUNE pin of the charging management chip U2, and pin 2 of diode D5 is connected to the CHRG pin of the charging management chip U2.

5. The control circuit for the power facility warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage power supply module includes a battery interface BT1 and a transient suppressor TVS1; Pin 1 of the battery interface BT1 is connected to the positive terminal BT+ of the battery, and pin 2 of the battery interface BT1 is connected to ground GND; the positive terminal BT+ of the battery is electrically connected to the power supply node MCU_PWR, and the positive terminal BT+ of the battery is connected to one end of the transient suppressor TVS1, the other end of the transient suppressor TVS1 is connected to ground GND, and / or The control module includes a microcontroller U1, capacitors C8 and C13, resistors R47 and R69, capacitor C31, and button SW2. The VDD pin of the microcontroller U1 is connected to the power node MCU_PWR. The power node MCU_PWR is also connected to the positive terminals of capacitor C8 and capacitor C13 respectively. The negative terminal of capacitor C8 is connected to ground GND, and the negative terminal of capacitor C13 is connected to ground GND. The GND pin of the microcontroller U1 is connected to ground (GND). The input port of the microcontroller U1 is connected to one end of the button SW2, and the other end of the button SW2 is connected to ground GND. The input port of the microcontroller U1 is also connected to the power node MCU_PWR through resistor R47, and connected to ground GND through resistor R69 and capacitor C31 in series. The output port of the microcontroller U1 is connected to the control input terminal of the light-emitting driver module, and is used to output light-emitting control signals to the light-emitting driver module.

6. The control circuit for the power facility warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-emitting driving module includes resistor R26, capacitor C18, capacitor C19, diode D2, driver chip IC1, driver chip IC2, driver chip IC3, resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, and load interface RLED. The power node MCU_PWR is connected to the battery positive node BT+ via resistor R26. The battery positive node BT+ is connected to one end of capacitor C18 and one end of capacitor C19. The other end of capacitor C18 and capacitor C19 are connected to ground (GND). The battery positive node BT+ is connected to the input terminal of diode D2, and the output terminal of diode D2 is connected to pin 1 of the load interface RLED. The driver chips IC1, IC2, and IC3 are all L7135. The GND pin of driver chip IC1 is connected to ground (GND). The GND pin of C2 is connected to ground (GND), the GND pin of the driver chip IC3 is connected to ground (GND), the OUT pins of the driver chip IC1, the driver chip IC2, and the driver chip IC3 are connected and connected to pin 2 of the load interface RLED; the IN pin of the driver chip IC1 is connected to the control signal R_PWM via resistor R1, the IN pin of the driver chip IC2 is connected to the control signal R_PWM via resistor R2, and the IN pin of the driver chip IC3 is connected to the control signal R_PWM via resistor R3.

7. A warning device for power facilities, characterized in that, The device includes a solar energy harvesting device and a power facility warning device control circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the solar energy harvesting device is electrically connected to the input terminal of the energy harvesting and charging management module.

8. A control method for warning devices on power facilities, characterized in that, The method for controlling the power facility warning device as described in claim 7 further includes: S1: The energy storage power supply module is charged according to the electrical energy collected and output by the solar energy collection device, and the charging status signal is output to the control module. S2: Obtain the voltage detection signal corresponding to the battery voltage detection node based on the charging status related signals; S3: Determine the current working mode of the power facility warning device based on the charging status related signal, and determine the voltage status of the energy storage power supply module based on the voltage detection signal; S4: When the current working mode is night mode, control the light-emitting driver module to drive the light-emitting load to light up or modulate the light emission.

9. The control method for the warning device of power facilities according to claim 8, characterized in that, S4: When the current working mode is night mode, controlling the light-emitting driving module to drive the light-emitting load to light up or modulate the light emission includes: S41: Determine the current remaining battery power based on the battery voltage detection signal; S42: Obtain the remaining time until the next rechargeable state and the expected remaining battery level target; S43: Determine the energy consumption budget per unit time based on the current remaining power, remaining time, and expected remaining power target; S44: Obtain visual consistency constraints and reference warning light emission parameters, wherein the reference warning light emission parameters include one or more of the following: flicker period, duty cycle of pulse width modulation signal, brightness-to-duty ratio and number of pulses per cycle; S45: Determine the target warning light emission parameters based on visual consistency constraints, baseline warning light emission parameters, and energy consumption budget per unit time, and control the light emission drive module based on the target warning light emission parameters.

10. The control method for the warning device of power facilities according to claim 9, characterized in that, S45: Determining the target warning light emission parameters based on visual consistency constraints, baseline warning light emission parameters, and unit time energy consumption budget, and controlling the light emission driving module based on the target warning light emission parameters, including: S451: Construct a candidate warning light emission parameter set based on the baseline warning light emission parameters, wherein the candidate warning light emission parameter set includes several sets of warning light emission parameters; S452: Obtain the energy consumption per unit time for each group of warning light emission parameters in the candidate warning light emission parameter set; S453: Based on the unit time energy consumption budget and the unit time energy consumption of each group of warning light emission parameters in the candidate warning light emission parameter set, determine several groups of light emission parameters as intermediate light emission parameter sets; S454: Obtain the degree of visual difference corresponding to each set of luminescence parameters based on the luminescence parameters of each set of luminescence parameters; S455: Select target warning light emission parameters from the set of light emission parameters based on the degree of visual difference.

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