Interplanting method of wild jujube and rhizoma atractylodis

Abstract

The invention discloses a wild jujube and rhizoma atractylodis interplanting method, and belongs to the technical field of wild jujube and rhizoma atractylodis interplanting, the method comprises the following steps: interplanting rhizoma atractylodis between rows after wild jujube transplanting, planting the rhizoma atractylodis at small intervals during rhizoma atractylodis interplanting, then applying a water and fertilizer competitive agent in rhizoma atractylodis planting holes close to wild jujube planting, and applying the water and fertilizer competitive agent on rhizosphere soil surface during later topdressing, furthermore, the water and fertilizer competitive agent applied in the planting holes can adsorb and intercept nutrients and moisture at the rhizosphere of the rhizoma atractylodis, so that the competitive absorption of the rhizoma atractylodis to the moisture and the nutrients is improved, the good growth of the rhizoma atractylodis and the wild jujube planted at a close interval is ensured, the land utilization rate is better improved, the planting amount of the rhizoma atractylodis is increased, the normal growth condition of the rhizoma atractylodis can be ensured, and the economic benefit is increased. Therefore, yield and income of the interplanted rhizoma atractylodis are increased, and the method has a good application prospect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, and in particular to a method for interplanting Ziziphus jujuba and Atractylodes lancea. BACKGROUND

[0002] Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa (Bunge) Hu ex H.F.Chow., is a Rhamnaceae Ziziphus woody plant. Ziziphus jujuba is native to China, and according to historical records, it has a history of 8000 years. Ziziphus jujuba has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine for more than 2000 years, and is mainly used for the treatment of deficiency of middle qi, weakness of spleen and stomach, lassitude, poor appetite, diarrhea, and blood deficiency and emaciation.

[0003] At present, most of the Ziziphus jujuba planting process adopts Ziziphus jujuba monoculture, which leads to waste of light and land resources, low multiple cropping index, and greatly affects the planting benefits of farmers. Intercropping is an efficient cultivation method, and intercropping with suitable crops can not only improve the utilization rate of light and land, but also improve the yield and quality of crops. Atractylodes lancea is a perennial herb of the family Asteraceae, and the rhizome of Atractylodes lancea can be used as medicine to treat abdominal distension, vomiting and diarrhea, arthralgia due to wind-cold-dampness, and swelling and pain of feet and knees. Through intercropping of Ziziphus jujuba and Atractylodes lancea, not only the land and light resources can be fully utilized, but also the growth of weeds can be inhibited, the cost can be reduced and the benefit can be increased, which has important practical significance for the sustainable development of Ziziphus jujuba and Atractylodes lancea industry. However, during the intercropping process of Ziziphus jujuba and Atractylodes lancea, the root system of Ziziphus jujuba is developed, and the absorption capacity of water and nutrients is strong, which easily competes with Atractylodes lancea for nutrients, leading to reduced growth of Atractylodes lancea. Under the conventional method, the planting distance between Ziziphus jujuba and Atractylodes lancea is usually increased to solve the problem of nutrient competition, but this will greatly reduce the planting amount of Atractylodes lancea, and reduce the land utilization efficiency and the planting benefit of Atractylodes lancea.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to find a method for interplanting Ziziphus jujuba and Atractylodes lancea to solve the problem of affecting the growth of Atractylodes lancea due to nutrient competition during interplanting of Ziziphus jujuba and Atractylodes lancea, and reducing the planting benefit of Atractylodes lancea. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present application is to provide a method for interplanting Ziziphus jujuba and Atractylodes lancea, which solves the problem of affecting the growth of Atractylodes lancea due to nutrient competition during interplanting of Ziziphus jujuba and Atractylodes lancea, and reduces the planting benefit of Atractylodes lancea.

[0006] The present application solves the above technical problems through the following technical means:

[0007] A method for interplanting Ziziphus jujuba and Atractylodes lancea, the method comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) soil pretreatment: select the land with sufficient sunlight and good drainage as the planting site, first remove weeds and impurities in the planting site, then apply mixed base fertilizer, then plow and harrow to 25-35 cm depth, then spray 0.5wt% potassium permanganate solution for disinfection, then adjust the soil pH to 6.5-7, and obtain the pretreated soil;

[0009] (2) zizyphus jujuba planting: in April, dig planting holes with a diameter of 50-60 cm and a depth of 60-70 cm in the pretreated soil, and select 1-2 year old zizyphus jujuba seedlings with good growth to transplant into the planting holes;

[0010] (3) atractylodes lancea planting: 10-15 days after zizyphus jujuba planting, dig planting holes with a depth of 8-10 cm in the row between zizyphus jujuba, then transplant atractylodes lancea seedlings with good growth, no disease and insect pests and a height of 10-15 cm into the planting holes, and the two rows of atractylodes lancea close to zizyphus jujuba need to be applied with water and fertilizer competition agent, specifically, the atractylodes lancea seedlings are placed in the planting holes and are upright, then 100-200g of water and fertilizer competition agent is applied per hole, and then the soil is backfilled and compacted, and the atractylodes lancea in the remaining planting rows is directly backfilled with soil;

[0011] (4) pruning and weeding: zizyphus jujuba is pruned every winter, and competitive branches, dense branches and diseased branches are removed to enhance the tree crown ventilation and light penetration, and the zizyphus jujuba height is controlled to be not more than 2 meters, and weeds in the atractylodes lancea planting belt are timely removed;

[0012] (5) management and protection: subsequent zizyphus jujuba and atractylodes lancea are fertilized and watered according to conventional methods, and the atractylodes lancea is directly applied with fertilizer on the rhizosphere soil surface.

[0013] Further, the mixed base fertilizer in step (1) is obtained by mixing mature manure, superphosphate and potassium sulfate in a mass ratio of 100: (2-4): (1-2).

[0014] Further, the zizyphus jujuba in step (2) is transplanted with a planting row distance of 3m and a plant distance of 2-2.5m.

[0015] Further, the atractylodes lancea in step (3) is transplanted with a planting row distance of 25cm and a plant distance of 15cm, and 10 rows of atractylodes lancea are planted between each row of zizyphus jujuba.

[0016] The present application plants atractylodes lancea between the rows of zizyphus jujuba after zizyphus jujuba is planted, and the row distance between atractylodes lancea is 25cm and the plant distance is 15cm, which can not only retain the reasonable growth space between atractylodes lancea, but also improve the unit planting amount of atractylodes lancea. Further, 10 rows of atractylodes lancea are planted between each row of zizyphus jujuba, which has a high unit planting amount and can effectively improve the land utilization rate and improve the atractylodes lancea planting benefit.

[0017] Further, the water and fertilizer competition agent in step (3) comprises the following raw materials:

[0018] Zeolite powder, galacturonic acid, nano-hydroxyapatite, glutamic acid, gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, magnesium sulfate, alginic acid.

[0019] Further, the water and fertilizer competition agent preparation method is as follows:

[0020] A: Put the zeolite powder into a 3wt% hydrochloric acid solution, heat to 65-75℃ and keep for 1-2h, then naturally cool to room temperature, then filter and wash with clean water for 2-3 times, then dry at 65℃ and keep for use. Dissolve the galacturonic acid in water to prepare a 10wt% galacturonic acid solution, add the dried zeolite powder to the galacturonic acid solution, stir at a speed of 300-500r / min for 1-2h, then stand overnight, then filter and dry at 45℃ to obtain the pretreated zeolite powder;

[0021] B: Add the nano-hydroxyapatite into a 95% volume fraction ethanol solution and stir to disperse, then add the gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, heat to 60-80℃ and stir to react for 1-3h, then add a 10wt% glutamic acid solution, adjust the pH to 8-9 and continue to keep warm and stir to react for 4-8h, then filter to remove the filtrate, wash with clean water for 3-5 times, then dry at 65℃ to obtain the modified nano-hydroxyapatite;

[0022] C: Spray a 2wt% alginic acid solution to the modified nano-hydroxyapatite, dry at 45℃ for 30-60min, then put into a 5wt% magnesium sulfate solution, stir at a speed of 100-200r / min for 30-40min, then filter to remove the filtrate, dry at 45℃ for 1-2h, then spray a 2wt% alginic acid solution, then dry at 45℃ for 30-60min to obtain the coated nano-hydroxyapatite, then mix the coated nano-hydroxyapatite and the pretreated zeolite powder uniformly to obtain the water and fertilizer competition agent.

[0023] Further, the mass ratio of the galacturonic acid solution to the dried zeolite powder in step A is (10-20):(20-30).

[0024] Further, the mass ratio of the nano-hydroxyapatite, the gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane and the glutamic acid solution in step B is (4-5):(0.1-0.15):(6-8).

[0025] Further, the spraying amount of the alginic acid solution in step C is 2-4% of the mass of the modified nano-hydroxyapatite.

[0026] Further, the mass ratio of the coated nano-hydroxyapatite to the pretreated zeolite powder in step C is (4-5):(20-30).

[0027] The present application plants 10 rows of atractylodes in each row of Chinese jujube, effectively improves the planting amount of atractylodes per unit area, but in this case, the atractylodes root system close to Chinese jujube is shallow and poor in nutrient absorption and utilization, and the Chinese jujube root system is developed and easily robs the nutrients of atractylodes, which will cause the growth of atractylodes to be low and reduce the yield. Therefore, the present application increases the planting depth of Chinese jujube appropriately, reduces the planting depth of atractylodes under the premise, prepares water and fertilizer competition agent to be added to the atractylodes planting hole close to Chinese jujube, to improve the water and fertilizer competition of atractylodes planted close to Chinese jujube, and effectively improve the land utilization rate, increase the planting amount of atractylodes, and ensure the normal growth of atractylodes, so as to effectively improve the planting benefit of atractylodes.

[0028] Specifically, the water and fertilizer competition agent is prepared by taking zeolite powder and nano-hydroxyapatite as main materials. The zeolite powder has the characteristics of large specific surface area and strong ion exchange property, and also has water absorption property, which can effectively adsorb and retain the water and nutrients applied on the surface soil to supply atractylodes and ensure the water and fertilizer supply of atractylodes. The nano-hydroxyapatite can continuously release phosphorus, which is a key element for plant root growth, and can effectively promote the growth of atractylodes root system, thereby improving the absorption and utilization of nutrients adsorbed and retained by atractylodes root system. Through the adsorption and retention of water and nutrients by the water and fertilizer competition agent, and the absorption and utilization of atractylodes root system, the growth condition under the condition of close interplanting with Chinese jujube is ensured, and the planting benefit of atractylodes is effectively improved.

[0029] However, there are the following problems in preparing the water and fertilizer competition agent by using zeolite powder and nano-hydroxyapatite. First, the zeolite has surface negative property and good adsorption capacity for cations, but poor absorption capacity for anion nutrients such as PO4 3- , NO 3- , etc., which cannot well ensure the absorption and utilization of anion nutrients of atractylodes; second, the nano-hydroxyapatite has high surface energy and is easy to agglomerate, thereby blocking the micropores of the zeolite surface and reducing the water and nutrient absorption capacity of the zeolite, and further reducing the overall effect of the water and fertilizer competition agent. Therefore, the present application further processes the zeolite and nano-hydroxyapatite to solve the above problems.

[0030] Specifically, the application adopts glutamic acid to treat nano-hydroxyapatite to introduce negative charge sites on the surface of the nano-hydroxyapatite to obtain modified nano-hydroxyapatite, sprays alginic acid to coat the modified nano-hydroxyapatite, then uses magnesium sulfate soaking treatment, and then sprays alginic acid to coat the nano-hydroxyapatite. In the process, magnesium ions in the magnesium sulfate are adsorbed on the modified nano-hydroxyapatite coated by alginic acid, and then alginic acid is sprayed on the modified nano-hydroxyapatite adsorbed with magnesium ions to form a film layer to coat the nano-hydroxyapatite. Due to the treatment of glutamic acid, the nano-hydroxyapatite has a strong negative charge layer as a whole, then the alginic acid coating is used, and then the magnesium sulfate treatment is used to introduce a positive charge layer, and then the alginic acid coating is used to obtain the coated nano-hydroxyapatite. The coating treatment can effectively inhibit the agglomeration of the nano-hydroxyapatite, thereby preventing the nano-hydroxyapatite from blocking the pore structure of the zeolite to ensure the effect of the zeolite.

[0031] Then the application loads galacturonic acid in the zeolite, and when the water and fertilizer competition agent is applied to the soil, the loaded galacturonic acid is dissolved and flows out to destroy the outer alginic acid film layer of the coated nano-hydroxyapatite by using the acidity, thereby exposing the positive charge layer on the surface of the nano-hydroxyapatite to adsorb and fix anion nutrients, thereby solving the problem of competitive absorption of anion nutrients by the atractylodes. Then the inner alginic acid film layer is further destroyed to expose the negative charge layer to combine with the zeolite to further absorb cation nutrients, thereby ensuring the comprehensiveness of nutrient absorption of the atractylodes under the action of the water and fertilizer competition agent. In addition, the galacturonic acid can also enhance the water absorption and water retention capacity of the zeolite, and then through the combined action of the components in the water and fertilizer competition agent, the cation nutrients and anion nutrients and water are effectively adsorbed and intercepted, and the growth of the atractylodes is promoted, thereby ensuring the benefits of the atractylodes interplanting.

[0032] Beneficial effects:

[0033] The application interplants the atractylodes with the Chinese wingnut, and in the case of increasing the planting amount of the atractylodes per unit area, the water and fertilizer competition agent is prepared and added to the atractylodes close to the Chinese wingnut planting, and the water competition agent absorbs and retains water and nutrients in the rhizosphere of the atractylodes, thereby ensuring the water and nutrient absorption and utilization of the atractylodes, and then in the case of improving the land utilization rate and increasing the planting amount of the atractylodes, the good growth condition of the atractylodes is ensured, and the yield and income of the atractylodes are increased. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The application will be described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments:

[0035] Example 1: Preparation of water and fertilizer competition agent

[0036] A: Put the zeolite powder into 2 times the volume of 3wt% hydrochloric acid solution, heat to 70℃ and treat for 1.5h, then naturally cool to room temperature, filter, wash with clean water for 3 times, and dry at 65℃ to obtain the pretreated zeolite powder. Dissolve 15kg of galacturonic acid in water to prepare a 10wt% galacturonic acid solution, add 25kg of the dried zeolite powder to the galacturonic acid solution, stir at a speed of 400r / min for 1.5h, then stand overnight, then filter and dry at 45℃ to obtain the pretreated zeolite powder;

[0037] B: Add 4.5kg of nano-hydroxyapatite to 22.5kg of 95% ethanol solution, stir and disperse, then add 0.12kg of γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, heat to 70℃ and stir for 2h, then add 7kg of 10wt% glutamic acid solution, adjust the pH to 8.5, and continue to heat and stir for 6h. After the reaction is completed, remove the filtrate by filtration, wash with clean water for 4 times, and dry at 65℃ to obtain the modified nano-hydroxyapatite;

[0038] C: Spray the modified nano-hydroxyapatite with 2% of the mass of 2wt% alginic acid solution, dry at 45℃ for 45min, then put it into 5wt% magnesium sulfate solution so that the magnesium sulfate solution covers the modified nano-hydroxyapatite, stir at a speed of 150r / min for 35min, then remove the filtrate by filtration, dry at 65℃ for 1.5h, then evenly spray 2wt% alginic acid solution again, the spraying amount is 2% of the mass of the modified nano-hydroxyapatite, then dry at 45℃ for 40min to obtain the coated nano-hydroxyapatite. Mix 4.5kg of the coated nano-hydroxyapatite with 25kg of the pretreated zeolite powder to obtain the water and fertilizer competition agent.

[0039] Example 2: Preparation of water and fertilizer competition agent II

[0040] A: Put the zeolite powder into 2 times the volume of 3wt% hydrochloric acid solution, heat to 65℃ and treat for 2h, then naturally cool to room temperature, filter, wash with clean water for 2 times, and dry at 65℃ to obtain the pretreated zeolite powder. Dissolve 10kg of galacturonic acid in water to prepare a 10wt% galacturonic acid solution, add 20kg of the dried zeolite powder to the galacturonic acid solution, stir at a speed of 300r / min for 2h, then stand overnight, then filter and dry at 45℃ to obtain the pretreated zeolite powder;

[0041] B: Add 4kg of nano-hydroxyapatite to 20kg of 95% ethanol solution, stir and disperse, then add 0.1kg of γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, heat to 60℃ and stir for 1h, then add 6kg of 10wt% glutamic acid solution, adjust the pH to 8, and continue to heat and stir for 4h. After the reaction is completed, remove the filtrate by filtration, wash with clean water for 3 times, and dry at 65℃ to obtain the modified nano-hydroxyapatite;

[0042] C: 2wt% alginate solution was sprayed on the modified nano-hydroxyapatite, which was dried at 45℃ for 30min, then put into 5wt% magnesium sulfate solution, so that the magnesium sulfate solution covered the modified nano-hydroxyapatite, stirred at 100r / min for 40min, then filtered to remove the filtrate, dried at 65℃ for 1h, then evenly sprayed 2wt% alginate solution, the spraying amount was 2% of the mass of the modified nano-hydroxyapatite, then dried at 45℃ for 30min to obtain the coated nano-hydroxyapatite, 4kg of the coated nano-hydroxyapatite and 20kg of the pretreated zeolite powder were mixed uniformly to obtain the water and fertilizer competition agent.

[0043] Example 3: Preparation of water and fertilizer competition agent

[0044] A: The zeolite powder was put into 2 times volume of 3wt% hydrochloric acid solution, heated to 65℃ for 1h, then naturally cooled to room temperature, washed with clean water for 3 times, then dried at 65℃ for standby, 20kg of 10wt% galacturonic acid solution was prepared by dissolving galacturonic acid in water, 30kg of dried zeolite powder was added into the galacturonic acid solution, stirred at 500r / min for 1h, then stood overnight, then filtered, and dried at 45℃ to obtain the pretreated zeolite powder;

[0045] B: 5kg of nano-hydroxyapatite was added into 95% volume fraction of ethanol solution and stirred and dispersed, then 0.15kg of γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane was added, heated to 80℃ and stirred for 1h, then 8kg of 10wt% glutamic acid solution was added, the pH was adjusted to 9, and the reaction was continued for 8h, then the filtrate was removed after filtration, washed with clean water for 5 times, and dried at 65℃ to obtain the modified nano-hydroxyapatite;

[0046] C: 2wt% alginate solution was sprayed on the modified nano-hydroxyapatite, which was dried at 45℃ for 30min, then put into 5wt% magnesium sulfate solution, so that the magnesium sulfate solution covered the modified nano-hydroxyapatite, stirred at 100r / min for 40min, then filtered to remove the filtrate, dried at 65℃ for 1h, then evenly sprayed 2wt% alginate solution, the spraying amount was 2% of the mass of the modified nano-hydroxyapatite, then dried at 45℃ for 30min to obtain the coated nano-hydroxyapatite, 4kg of the coated nano-hydroxyapatite and 20kg of the pretreated zeolite powder were mixed uniformly to obtain the water and fertilizer competition agent.

[0047] Comparative Example 1: Preparation of water and fertilizer competition agent

[0048] In comparison with Example 1, the only difference is that galacturonic acid is not used in step A in the preparation of the water and fertilizer competition agent in Comparative Example 1, which is shown as follows:

[0049] A: Put the zeolite powder into 2 times volume of 3wt% hydrochloric acid solution, heat to 70℃ and keep for 1.5h, then cool to room temperature, filter, wash with water for 3 times, and dry at 65℃ to obtain the pretreated zeolite powder;

[0050] B~C: Same as example 1.

[0051] Comparative example 2: preparation of water and fertilizer competition agent

[0052] In comparison with example 1, the only difference is that step B is absent in the preparation of water and fertilizer competition agent in comparative example 2, that is, no modification treatment is performed on the nano-hydroxyapatite, which is shown as follows:

[0053] A: Same as example 1;

[0054] B: Spray 2wt% alginate solution with 2% of the mass of nano-hydroxyapatite, dry at 45℃ for 45min, then put into 5wt% magnesium sulfate solution so that the magnesium sulfate solution covers the nano-hydroxyapatite, stir at 150r / min for 35min, then remove the filtrate by filtration, dry at 65℃ for 1.5h, then uniformly spray 2wt% alginate solution again, the spraying amount is 2% of the mass of nano-hydroxyapatite, then dry at 45℃ for 40min to obtain the coated nano-hydroxyapatite, mix 4.5kg of the coated nano-hydroxyapatite and 25kg of the pretreated zeolite powder to obtain the water and fertilizer competition agent.

[0055] Comparative example 3: preparation of water and fertilizer competition agent

[0056] In comparison with example 1, the only difference is that step C is not used to modify the nano-hydroxyapatite with magnesium sulfate in the preparation of water and fertilizer competition agent in comparative example 3, which is shown as follows:

[0057] A~B: Same as example 1;

[0058] C: Spray 2wt% alginate solution with 2% of the mass of modified nano-hydroxyapatite, dry at 45℃ for 45min to obtain the coated nano-hydroxyapatite, mix 4.5kg of the coated nano-hydroxyapatite and 25kg of the pretreated zeolite powder to obtain the water and fertilizer competition agent.

[0059] Comparative example 4: preparation of water and fertilizer competition agent

[0060] In comparison with example 1, the only difference is that step C is not used to coat the modified nano-hydroxyapatite with alginate in the preparation of water and fertilizer competition agent in comparative example 4, which is shown as follows:

[0061] A~B: Same as example 1;

[0062] C: Put the modified nano-hydroxyapatite into 5wt% magnesium sulfate solution so that the magnesium sulfate solution covers the modified nano-hydroxyapatite, stir at a speed of 150r / min for 35min, then filter to remove the filtrate, dry at 65℃ for 1.5h, then mix 4.5kg and 25kg of the pretreated zeolite powder to obtain the water and fertilizer competition agent.

[0063] Comparative Example 5: Preparation of water and fertilizer competition agent

[0064] In contrast to Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 5, the water and fertilizer competition agent is prepared according to the conventional method, and the zeolite and nano-hydroxyapatite are directly mixed to prepare the water and fertilizer competition agent, as shown below:

[0065] Mix 4.5kg of nano-hydroxyapatite and 25kg of zeolite powder to obtain the water and fertilizer competition agent.

[0066] Example 4: Intercropping method of Chinese dwarf date and rhizoma atractylodis

[0067] (1) Soil pretreatment: select land with sufficient sunlight and good drainage as the planting site, first remove weeds and impurities in the planting site, mix well-rotted manure, superphosphate and potassium sulfate according to a mass ratio of 100:3:1.5 to obtain a mixed base fertilizer, apply the mixed base fertilizer at a rate of 500kg / acre, then plow and harrow to a depth of about 30cm, then spray 0.5wt% potassium permanganate solution for disinfection, and adjust the soil pH to 6.8 to obtain the pretreated soil;

[0068] (2) Chinese dwarf date planting: in early April, dig planting holes with a diameter of about 55cm and a depth of about 65cm in the pretreated soil according to a planting row spacing of 3m and a planting plant spacing of 2m, and transplant 1-year-old Chinese dwarf date seedlings that grow well into the planting holes;

[0069] (3) Rhizoma atractylodis planting: 12 days after Chinese dwarf date planting, dig planting holes with a depth of about 9cm in the inter-row space of Chinese dwarf date according to a planting row spacing of 25cm and a planting plant spacing of 15cm, a total of 10 rows, and the spacing between rhizoma atractylodis and Chinese dwarf date trees is 37.5cm under the condition of Chinese dwarf date row spacing of 3m, then transplant rhizoma atractylodis seedlings that grow well, have no pests and diseases, and have a height of about 12cm into the planting holes, and for the two rows of rhizoma atractylodis close to Chinese dwarf date, water and fertilizer competition agent needs to be applied, specifically, place the rhizoma atractylodis seedlings into the planting holes and straighten them, then apply the water and fertilizer competition agent prepared according to the method of Example 1 at a rate of 150g per hole, and then backfill the soil and compact it, and for the remaining planting rows of rhizoma atractylodis, directly backfill the soil;

[0070] (4) Pruning and weeding: prune Chinese dwarf date in winter every year, remove competing branches, dense branches and pest branches to enhance the ventilation and light transmission of the tree crown, and control the height of Chinese dwarf date to be not more than 2m, and timely remove weeds in the rhizoma atractylodis planting belt;

[0071] (5) Management: In the later stage, the jujube and the atractylodes are fertilized and watered according to the conventional method. The fertilizer is directly applied to the rhizosphere soil surface of the atractylodes when fertilizing the atractylodes.

[0072] Experiment: Jujube and atractylodes interplanting experiment

[0073] 1. The jujube and atractylodes interplanting experiment was carried out in the modern agricultural college farm and pasture base of Niujialiang town in Yuyang district of Yulin city. The experiment was divided into 7 groups: experimental group 1, control groups 1-5, and blank control group. The experimental group used the jujube and atractylodes interplanting method of example 4 and the water and fertilizer competition agent prepared in example 1; control groups 1-5 used the water and fertilizer competition agents prepared in comparative examples 1-5 and the jujube and atractylodes interplanting method of example 4; the blank control group used the jujube and atractylodes interplanting method of example 4, but did not apply the water and fertilizer competition agent.

[0074] 2. Each group used 1-year-old jujube with healthy growth and consistent growth to transplant, and then used 12cm high atractylodes seedlings with consistent growth to transplant in the row. The jujube was planted with a row spacing of 3m and a plant spacing of 2m; the atractylodes was planted with a row spacing of 25cm and a plant spacing of 15cm, and the atractylodes close to the jujube was 37.5cm away from the jujube. The first fertilization was carried out 10 days after the atractylodes was planted, and then the matured manure and urea were mixed in a mass ratio of 150:1 and applied at a rate of 1kg per plant. Then, 50 days after planting, the matured manure and compound fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium ratio of 15:15:15) were mixed in a mass ratio of 60:1 and applied at a rate of 1kg per plant. After that, the same management and protection were carried out according to the conventional method. The fresh weight of the single atractylodes rhizome in the first row closest to the jujube planting was detected when the atractylodes was harvested after 2 years, and the fresh weight of the single atractylodes rhizome planted in the middle row (5th row) in the experimental group 1 was detected. The effect of the water and fertilizer competition agent was verified by comparing it with the single atractylodes rhizome fresh weight (65.7g) of the atractylodes planted alone without interplanting in the same place last year. Three repeated experiments were carried out, and the average data are shown in Table 1.

[0075] Table 1

[0076]

[0077] According to the data analysis of Table 1, we can know that:

[0078] (1) Under the same method management, the fresh weight of single Atractylodes lancea rhizome in the first row closest to the planting of Balanites aegyptiaca in the experimental group 1 is 62.4 g; while the fresh weight of single Atractylodes lancea rhizome in the blank control group is 49.8 g, the Atractylodes lancea rhizome in the experimental group 1 added with the water and fertilizer competition agent increases by 12.6 g compared with the blank control group without adding the water and fertilizer competition agent; compared with the single Atractylodes lancea rhizome harvested last year, the fresh weight of single Atractylodes lancea rhizome only decreases by 3.3 g; the fresh weight of single Atractylodes lancea rhizome in the fifth row without adding the water and fertilizer competition agent is 63.4 g, the difference between the fresh weight of single rhizome in the first row closest to the planting of Balanites aegyptiaca and the fifth row is very small, only 0.9 g; it is shown that the water and fertilizer competition agent prepared according to the method of the application added to the planting hole can effectively ensure the competitive of Atractylodes lancea interplanted with Balanites aegyptiaca for water and nutrients, thereby ensuring the good growth condition of Atractylodes lancea under the condition of close interplanting with Balanites aegyptiaca, and better realizing the yield increase of Atractylodes lancea.

[0079] (2) In the control group 1, galacturonic acid is added when the water and fertilizer competition agent is prepared, on the one hand, the alginate membrane layer cannot be destroyed in time, which affects the release of phosphorus in the nano-hydroxyapatite and the water absorption and water retention of the prepared competition agent, thereby reducing the overall effect of the water and fertilizer through the competition agent, leading to the decrease of the adsorbed and fixed water and nutrients and the growth condition of Atractylodes lancea.

[0080] (3) In the control group 2, the nano-hydroxyapatite is not modified when the water and fertilizer competition agent is prepared, which cannot make the nano-hydroxyapatite as a whole to have strong negative electricity, thereby reducing the effect of the water and fertilizer competition agent; in the control group 3, the modified nano-hydroxyapatite is not treated with magnesium sulfate when the water and fertilizer competition agent is prepared, which cannot introduce a positive charge layer, leading to the poor adsorption performance of the water and fertilizer competition agent to anion nutrients, thereby the growth condition of Atractylodes lancea is poor; in the control group 4, the nano-hydroxyapatite is not coated with alginate when the water and fertilizer competition agent is prepared, the agglomeration of the nano-hydroxyapatite blocks the zeolite surface micropores, which reduces the effect of the water and fertilizer competition agent, leading to the poor growth condition of Atractylodes lancea.

[0081] The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the application rather than limit the application, although the application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions of the application can be modified or replaced equivalently without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the application, which should be covered in the scope of the claims of the application. The technical, shape and structure parts not described in detail in the application are well-known technologies.

Claims

1. A method for intercropping jujube and Atractylodes lancea, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: (1) Soil pretreatment: Remove weeds and impurities from the planting area, then apply mixed base fertilizer and plow and harrow to a depth of 25-35cm, then spray with 0.5wt% potassium permanganate solution for disinfection and adjust the soil pH to 6.5-7 to obtain pretreated soil; (2) Planting of jujube: In April, dig planting holes with a diameter of 50-60cm and a depth of 60-70cm in the pretreated soil, and transplant 1-2 year old jujube seedlings into the planting holes; (3) Planting of Atractylodes lancea: 10 to 15 days after planting jujube, dig planting holes with a depth of 8 to 10 cm between the rows of jujube, and then transplant Atractylodes lancea seedlings with a height of 10 to 15 cm into the planting holes. When transplanting, the two rows of Atractylodes lancea closest to the jujube need to be treated with a water-fertilizer competition agent. Specifically, place the Atractylodes lancea seedlings into the planting holes and straighten them. Apply 100 to 200 g of water-fertilizer competition agent per hole and then backfill the soil and compact it. When transplanting the remaining rows of Atractylodes lancea, simply backfill the soil. (4) Pruning and weeding: Prune the jujube every winter to remove competing branches, overly dense branches and diseased branches, and control the height of the jujube plants to no more than 2 meters. Remove weeds from the Atractylodes lancea planting belt in a timely manner. (5) Management: Follow the conventional methods to fertilize and water the jujube and Atractylodes lancea. When fertilizing Atractylodes lancea, apply the fertilizer directly to the soil surface around the roots.

2. The method for intercropping jujube and Atractylodes lancea according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the mixed base fertilizer is obtained by mixing well-rotted manure, superphosphate, and potassium sulfate in a mass ratio of 100:(2-4):(1-2).

3. The method for intercropping jujube and Atractylodes lancea according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step (2), the row spacing for transplanting jujube is 3m and the plant spacing is 2-2.5m.

4. The method for intercropping jujube and Atractylodes lancea according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step (3), the row spacing for transplanting Atractylodes lancea is 25cm and the plant spacing is 15cm. Ten rows of Atractylodes lancea are planted between each row of Ziziphus jujuba.

5. A method for intercropping jujube and Atractylodes lancea according to claim 4, characterized in that, The water-fertilizer competing agent in step (3) includes the following raw materials: Zeolite powder, galacturonic acid, nano hydroxyapatite, glutamic acid, γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane, magnesium sulfate, alginate.

6. The method for intercropping jujube and Atractylodes lancea according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method for preparing the water-fertilizer competing agent is as follows: A: Place the zeolite powder in a 3wt% hydrochloric acid solution, heat it to 65-75℃ and keep it at that temperature for 1-2 hours. Then, let it cool naturally to room temperature, filter it, wash it 2-3 times with water, and dry it at 65℃ for later use. Dissolve galacturonic acid in water to prepare a 10wt% galacturonic acid solution. Add the dried zeolite powder to the galacturonic acid solution, stir it at 300-500 r / min for 1-2 hours, let it stand overnight, filter it, and dry it at 45℃ to obtain the pretreated zeolite powder. B: Add nano-hydroxyapatite to a 95% (v / v) ethanol solution and stir to disperse. Then add γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane, heat to 60-80℃ and stir for 1-3 hours. Then add 10wt% glutamic acid solution, adjust the pH to 8-9, and continue to stir and keep warm for 4-8 hours. After the reaction is complete, filter to remove the filtrate, wash with water 3-5 times, and dry at 65℃ to obtain modified nano-hydroxyapatite. C: Spray 2wt% alginate solution onto modified nano-hydroxyapatite, dry at 45℃ for 30-60 min, then place it in 5wt% magnesium sulfate solution, stir at 100-200 r / min for 30-40 min, filter to remove the filtrate, dry at 45℃ for 1-2 h, then spray with 2wt% alginate solution again, and then dry at 45℃ for 30-60 min to obtain coated nano-hydroxyapatite. Mix the coated nano-hydroxyapatite and pretreated zeolite powder evenly to obtain a water-fertilizer competitor.

7. A method for intercropping jujube and Atractylodes lancea according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step A, the mass ratio of galacturonic acid solution to dried zeolite powder is (10-20):(20-30).

8. A method for intercropping jujube and Atractylodes lancea according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step B, the mass ratio of nano-hydroxyapatite, γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and glutamic acid solution is (4-5):(0.1-0.15):(6-8).

9. A method for intercropping jujube and atractylodes according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step C, the amount of alginate solution sprayed is 2-4% of the mass of modified nano-hydroxyapatite.

10. A method for intercropping jujube and atractylodes according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step C, the mass ratio of coated nano-hydroxyapatite to pretreated zeolite powder is (4-5):(20-30).

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