Root restriction culture medium and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a root limiting culture medium and a preparation method thereof. The medium is prepared from the following components: red soil, stone millet, humus soil, turf and plant ash. The matrix is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by volume: 15-25 parts of red soil, 30-50 parts of stone millet, 20-40 parts of humus soil, 2-8 parts of turf and 3-7 parts of plant ash. According to the formula of the substrate composed of the red soil, the stone millet, the humus soil, the turf and the plant ash in a specific proportion, the root-limited cultivation effect of the citrus is effectively improved, the substrate is excellent in volume weight, pH value, water holding capacity, organic matter content, service life and the like, and growth of citrus root systems and improvement of the yield are effectively promoted.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of cultivation substrate, in particular to a root-limiting cultivation substrate and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of citrus root-limiting cultivation, the selection and preparation of the substrate are key factors affecting the growth, yield and fruit quality of citrus. However, the substrates currently used in citrus root-limiting cultivation generally have the following technical problems, which seriously restrict the sustainable development of the citrus industry:

[0003] 1. The existing patent technology is mainly for citrus seedling substrate and preparation method, which is not suitable for citrus tree root-limiting cultivation and yield and quality improvement, and cannot meet the needs of continuous production of citrus for many years;

[0004] 2. The conventional substrate in the existing patent technology does not scientifically match the growth characteristics and nutritional needs of citrus, and cannot achieve the optimal yield and quality of citrus;

[0005] 3. The existing patent technology formula generally has the problem of complex and difficult-to-obtain raw material sources, which cannot form a stable and replicable industrialized raw material supply chain;

[0006] 4. The existing patent technology has a long substrate time, which can easily lead to deterioration of the physical structure and cannot maintain the "stable porosity" required by the plant.

[0007] In view of the above problems, a citrus root-limiting cultivation substrate with suitable bulk density, excellent water retention, stable pH, long-term fertility and high organic matter content needs to be developed, and a standardized preparation process needs to be established, in order to break through the limitations of the existing technology and support the high-quality development of the citrus industry. SUMMARY

[0008] The present application provides a root-limiting cultivation substrate and a preparation method thereof to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0009] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0010] A root-limiting cultivation substrate, which is composed of the following components: red soil, stone millet, humus soil, grass carbon and wood ash.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present technical solution: the substrate is made of the following volume percentages of raw materials: 15-25 parts of red soil, 30-50 parts of stone millet, 20-40 parts of humus soil, 2-8 parts of grass carbon and 3-7 parts of wood ash.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present technical solution: the red soil is the soil between 0-30 cm of the surface layer of the pollution-free forest land, with a bulk density of 1.1-1.4 g / cm 3The soil pH value is 5.0–7.0.

[0013] As a further improvement to this technical solution: the stone grains are weathering products of purple sandstone and shale, with a particle size of 5–20 mm and a bulk density between 1.1 and 1.5 g / cm³. 3 The pH value is between 6.5 and 8.5, the soil exchangeable calcium is ≥3500 mg / kg, and the soil slow-release potassium is ≥500 mg / kg.

[0014] As a further improvement to this technical solution: the humus soil comes from the understory humus layer of temperate or subtropical deciduous broad-leaved forests or mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests, with a particle size ≤10 mm and a bulk density ≤0.8 g / cm³. 3 The saturated water holding capacity is ≥50%, the pH value is between 4.5 and 7.5, the organic matter content is ≥40%, and the electrical conductivity (EC value) is ≤1.5 mS / cm.

[0015] As a further improvement to this technical solution: the peat moss is medium-density or low-density peat moss with a bulk density ≤0.5g / cm³. 3 Decomposition degree ≥25%, pH value between 5.0 and 7.5, organic matter content ≥30%, electrical conductivity (EC value) ≤1.5 mS / cm.

[0016] As a further improvement to this technical solution: the wood ash is obtained by burning tree branches or crop straw, with a pH value ≥10, total potassium content ≥7%, and total calcium content ≥15%.

[0017] As a further improvement to this technical solution: the bulk density of the matrix is ​​between 0.9 and 1.1 g / cm³. 3 The pH value is between 6.5 and 7.5, the saturated water holding capacity is ≥25%, the organic matter content is ≥25%, and the service life is ≥7 years.

[0018] The present invention also includes a method for preparing the citrus root-restricted cultivation substrate described in any one of the above claims, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1. After air-drying, the red soil is passed through a 20mm sieve, and then the moisture content is adjusted to 15-18% with distilled water.

[0020] S2, crush the pebbles and pass them through a 20mm sieve;

[0021] S3, crush the humus and pass it through a 10mm sieve;

[0022] S4, Crush the peat moss and pass it through a 10mm sieve;

[0023] S5. Add the red soil prepared in step S1, the stone grains prepared in step S2, the humus prepared in step S3, the peat and wood ash prepared in step S4 to the mixer according to the ratio, set the speed to 80-120 rpm, and the mixing time to 20-30 minutes to ensure that all components are fully and evenly mixed.

[0024] S6, after mixing, pile the substrate in a well-ventilated and shaded place, cover it with a shade net with a light transmittance of 30% to maintain moderate humidity, and age it under aerobic conditions for 5 to 7 days. During this period, turn the pile over once every 2 days to promote microbial activity, and you will get the citrus root-limited cultivation substrate.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] This invention effectively improves the effect of root-restricted cultivation of citrus through a substrate formula composed of red soil, pebbles, humus, peat moss and wood ash in a specific ratio. The substrate performs well in terms of bulk density, pH value, water holding capacity, organic matter content and service life, effectively promoting the growth of citrus roots and increasing yield.

[0027] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it according to the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Specific embodiments of the present invention are given in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a root-limited cultivation substrate and its preparation method proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The invention is described more specifically in the following paragraphs by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clarify the illustration of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] A root-limited cultivation substrate, which is made from the following raw materials in volume percentages: 15 parts red soil, 30 parts stone millet, 20 parts humus, 2 parts peat moss and 3 parts wood ash.

[0034] Specifically, red soil refers to the top 0-30cm layer of soil in unpolluted forest land, with a bulk density between 1.1 and 1.4 g / cm³. 3 The soil pH value is 5.0–7.0.

[0035] Stone grains are weathering products of purple sandstone and shale, with a grain size of 5–20 mm and a bulk density of 1.1–1.5 g / cm³. 3 The pH value is between 6.5 and 8.5, the soil exchangeable calcium is ≥3500 mg / kg, and the soil slow-release potassium is ≥500 mg / kg.

[0036] The humus soil originates from the understory humus layer of temperate or subtropical deciduous broad-leaved forests and mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests, with a particle size ≤10 mm and a bulk density ≤0.8 g / cm³. 3 The saturated water holding capacity is ≥50%, the pH value is between 4.5 and 7.5, the organic matter content is ≥40%, and the electrical conductivity (EC value) is ≤1.5 mS / cm.

[0037] The peat moss is medium- or low-density peat moss with a bulk density ≤0.5 g / cm³. 3 Decomposition degree ≥25%, pH value between 5.0 and 7.5, organic matter content ≥30%, electrical conductivity (EC value) ≤1.5 mS / cm.

[0038] Wood ash is produced by burning tree branches or crop straw, with a pH value ≥10, total potassium content ≥7%, and total calcium content ≥15%.

[0039] A method for preparing a root-limited cultivation substrate for citrus includes the following steps:

[0040] S1. After air-drying, the red soil is passed through a 20mm sieve, and then the moisture content is adjusted to 15-18% with distilled water.

[0041] S2, crush the pebbles and pass them through a 20mm sieve;

[0042] S3, crush the humus and pass it through a 10mm sieve;

[0043] S4, Crush the peat moss and pass it through a 10mm sieve;

[0044] S5. Add the red soil prepared in step S1, the stone grains prepared in step S2, the humus prepared in step S3, the peat and wood ash prepared in step S4 to the mixer according to the ratio, set the speed to 80-120 rpm, and the mixing time to 20-30 minutes to ensure that all components are fully and evenly mixed.

[0045] S6, after mixing, pile the substrate in a well-ventilated and shaded place, cover it with a shade net with a light transmittance of 30% to maintain moderate humidity, and age it under aerobic conditions for 5 to 7 days. During this period, turn the pile over once every 2 days to promote microbial activity, and you will get the citrus root-limited cultivation substrate.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that it is a root-limited cultivation substrate made from the following raw materials in volume percentages: 20 parts red soil, 40 parts stone millet, 30 parts humus, 6 parts peat moss, and 4 parts wood ash.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that it is a root-limited cultivation substrate made from the following raw materials in volume percentages: 25 parts red soil, 50 parts stone millet, 40 parts humus, 8 parts peat moss, and 7 parts wood ash.

[0050] Comparative Example 1

[0051] A root-limited cultivation substrate, which is made from the following raw materials in volume percentages: 30 parts red soil, 20 parts stone millet, 10 parts humus, 1 part peat moss and 1 part wood ash.

[0052] Preparation method: Same as in Example 1.

[0053] Substrate properties: bulk density between 1.2 and 1.4 g / cm³, pH value between 6.0 and 7.0, saturated water holding capacity ≤20%, organic matter content ≤15%, and service life ≤5 years. The substrate in Comparative Example 1 has a higher bulk density and poor aeration; insufficient water holding capacity; low organic matter content and insufficient fertility; and a lower pH value, which may affect nutrient absorption.

[0054] Comparative Example 2

[0055] A root-limited cultivation substrate, which is made from the following raw materials in volume percentages: 10 parts red soil, 10 parts stone millet, 50 parts humus, 10 parts peat moss and 10 parts wood ash.

[0056] Preparation method: Same as in Example 1.

[0057] Substrate properties: bulk density ≤ 0.8 g / cm³, pH value ≥ 8.0, saturated water holding capacity ≥ 40%, organic matter content ≥ 50%, but prone to compaction, service life ≤ 4 years. The substrate in Comparative Example 2 has too low a bulk density, resulting in insufficient support; too high a pH value may lead to nutrient deficiencies; and too high an organic matter content easily leads to compaction, affecting air permeability and drainage.

[0058] Type of substrate Bulk density (g / cm3) pH value Saturation water holding capacity (%) Organic matter content (%) Service life (years) Root growth Citrus yield (kg / tree) Fruit quality (soluble solids %) Example 1 0.9 ~ 1.1 6.5 ~7.5 ≥25 ≥25 ≥7 Good 25.3 13.2 Example 2 0.9 ~ 1.0 6.5 ~7.5 ≥28 ≥28 ≥8 Excellent 27.8 13.8 Example 3 1.0 ~ 1.1 6.5 ~7.5 ≥30 ≥30 ≥9 Excellent 30.2 14.2 Comparative Example 1 1.2 ~ 1.4 6.0 ~7.0 ≤20 ≤15 ≤5 Poor 18.5 11.5 Comparative Example 2 ≤0.8 ≥8.0 ≥40 ≥50 ≤4 Medium (easily compacted) 20.1 12.0

[0059] The test results from Examples 1, 2, and 3 and Comparative Example 12 in the table above show that a reasonable substrate formulation and preparation method are crucial for improving the effect of citrus root-restricted cultivation. The substrates in the examples performed excellently in terms of bulk density, pH value, water holding capacity, organic matter content, and service life, effectively promoting citrus root growth and increasing yield. The comparative examples, however, had varying degrees of problems, affecting citrus growth and yield.

[0060] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Those skilled in the art can readily implement the present invention based on the accompanying drawings and the above description. However, any modifications, alterations, or variations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention, utilizing the disclosed technical content, are equivalent embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, any modifications, alterations, or variations made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A root-restricted cultivation substrate, characterized in that, The substrate consists of the following components: red soil, stone grains, humus, peat moss, and wood ash.

2. The root-restricted cultivation substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The matrix is ​​made from the following raw materials by volume percentage: 15-25 parts red soil, 30-50 parts stone grains, 20-40 parts humus, 2-8 parts peat moss, and 3-7 parts wood ash.

3. The root-restricted cultivation substrate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The red soil in question is the top 0-30cm layer of soil from unpolluted forest land, with a bulk density between 1.1 and 1.4 g / cm³. 3 The soil pH value is 5.0–7.

0.

4. The root-restricted cultivation substrate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The described stone grains are weathering products of purple sandstone and shale, with a particle size of 5–20 mm and a bulk density of 1.1–1.5 g / cm³. 3 The pH value is between 6.5 and 8.5, the soil exchangeable calcium is ≥3500 mg / kg, and the soil slow-release potassium is ≥500 mg / kg.

5. The root-restricted cultivation substrate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The humus soil is derived from the understory humus layer of temperate or subtropical deciduous broad-leaved forests and mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests, with a particle size ≤10 mm and a bulk density ≤0.8 g / cm³. 3 The saturated water holding capacity is ≥50%, the pH value is between 4.5 and 7.5, the organic matter content is ≥40%, and the electrical conductivity (EC value) is ≤1.5 mS / cm.

6. The root-restricted cultivation substrate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The peat moss is medium- or low-grade peat moss with a bulk density ≤ 0.5 g / cm³. 3 Decomposition degree ≥25%, pH value between 5.0 and 7.5, organic matter content ≥30%, electrical conductivity (EC value) ≤1.5 mS / cm.

7. The root-restricted cultivation substrate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The wood ash is obtained by burning tree branches or crop straw, with a pH value ≥10, total potassium content ≥7%, and total calcium content ≥15%.

8. The root-restricted cultivation substrate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The bulk density of the matrix is ​​between 0.9 and 1.1 g / cm³. 3 The pH value is between 6.5 and 7.5, the saturated water holding capacity is ≥25%, the organic matter content is ≥25%, and the service life is ≥7 years.

9. A method for preparing the root-limited cultivation substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. After air-drying, the red soil is passed through a 20mm sieve, and then the moisture content is adjusted to 15-18% with distilled water. S2, crush the pebbles and pass them through a 20mm sieve; S3, crush the humus and pass it through a 10mm sieve; S4, Crush the peat moss and pass it through a 10mm sieve; S5. Add the red soil prepared in step S1, the stone grains prepared in step S2, the humus prepared in step S3, the peat and wood ash prepared in step S4 to the mixer according to the ratio, set the speed to 80-120 rpm, and the mixing time to 20-30 minutes to ensure that all components are fully and evenly mixed. S6, after mixing, pile the substrate in a well-ventilated and shaded place, cover it with a shade net with a light transmittance of 30% to maintain moderate humidity, and age it under aerobic conditions for 5 to 7 days. During this period, turn the pile over once every 2 days to promote microbial activity, and you will get the citrus root-limited cultivation substrate.

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