Method for realizing reduction and synergism of oat phosphate fertilizer by using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
By inoculating oat cultivation with a mixed agent of *Glomus chinensis* and *Glomus gansuensis*, the problem of phosphate fertilizer dependence in oat production was solved, resulting in increased biomass and yield, reduced phosphate fertilizer use, and promoted green and efficient oat production.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-10
AI Technical Summary
The current oat production relies heavily on chemical phosphate fertilizers, leading to soil phosphorus accumulation, low nutrient utilization efficiency, and environmental pollution, making sustainable production difficult to achieve.
By inoculating oat crops with a mixed inoculum of *Gloydium sinense* and *Gloydium gansuense*, the activation and conversion of phosphorus were promoted by constructing an extra-root mycelial network, thereby reducing the amount of phosphate fertilizer applied and improving nutrient utilization efficiency.
It significantly promotes oat growth, increases biomass and grain yield, reduces dependence on chemical phosphate fertilizers, and achieves green and efficient production with reduced phosphate fertilizer use and increased efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure FT_1 
Figure FT_2
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of microbial fertilizer technology, specifically relating to a biotechnological method that utilizes arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to synergistically improve phosphorus fertilizer reduction and sustainable production during oat cultivation. Background Technology
[0002] oat( Avena sativa Oat (L.) is an important dual-purpose crop, valued for both food and feed, possessing high nutritional value and good ecological adaptability, and holding a vital position in both the food and feed industries. During oat growth and development, phosphorus is one of the key nutrients limiting yield and quality formation; a sufficient and effective phosphorus supply is crucial for achieving high and stable oat yields. However, current oat production practices generally rely on chemical phosphate fertilizers to meet crop growth needs. Long-term, high-volume application of phosphate fertilizers not only significantly increases agricultural production costs but also easily leads to soil phosphorus accumulation, low nutrient utilization efficiency, and further causes environmental pollution and phosphorus resource waste. With the increasing scarcity of phosphate rock resources and the growing demand for green agricultural development, the traditional production model relying on high-input chemical phosphate fertilizers is no longer sufficient to meet the requirements of sustainable oat production.
[0003] Against this backdrop, developing "fertilizer-reducing and efficiency-enhancing" green agricultural technologies centered on improving nutrient utilization efficiency has become an important research direction. Among these, utilizing the symbiotic relationship between plants and beneficial soil microorganisms to promote efficient nutrient absorption is considered a promising technological approach. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are a class of beneficial soil microorganisms capable of forming symbiotic relationships with the roots of most terrestrial plants. By constructing a well-developed extra-root hyphal network, AM fungi can significantly expand the nutrient absorption space of plant roots and promote the activation and transformation of insoluble phosphorus in the soil by secreting active substances such as organic acids and phosphatases, thereby enhancing the host plant's ability to acquire phosphorus and potentially reducing the application of chemical phosphate fertilizers. Although existing studies have shown that AM fungi can improve phosphorus absorption and promote plant growth in various crops, the application effects of different AM fungal species and their combinations in the oat system still vary considerably, and their regulatory role on oat growth and yield formation under different phosphorus supply levels lacks systematic research. Therefore, screening for efficient AM fungal resources suitable for oat growth and clarifying their application effects under different phosphorus gradient conditions is of great significance for promoting the reduction of phosphate fertilizer application and green and efficient production of oats. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The main content of the present application is to provide a microbial fertilizer technology-based oat phosphorus fertilizer reduction and synergistic biological method, through the inoculation application of AM fungi, while reducing the phosphorus fertilizer application amount in the oat planting process, the dual goals of crop growth promotion and yield improvement are realized.
[0005] The present application selects two new AM fungal strains isolated by the research team from Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, inoculates them in different phosphorus addition gradient potting substrates, and verifies the regulation effect of AM fungi on oat growth and yield formation under different phosphorus supply levels. The experimental results show that AM fungal inoculation has a significant promoting effect on oat growth, and the average increase of oat overall biomass can reach 20.73%.
[0006] The AM fungal inoculant used in the present application is a mixed inoculant of Glomus sinense ( Glomus chinense ) and Glomus gansuense ( Dominikia gansuensis ) (the related achievements of the two strains have been published, Yu et al. Glomus chinense and Dominikia gansuensis , two new Glomeraceae species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi from high altitude in the Tibetan Plateau. Mycological Progress,2022,21: 32). The specific preparation method is as follows: respectively inoculate Glomus sinense and Glomus gansuense inocula with sorghum and alfalfa in a sterilized substrate composed of sand and zeolite mixed according to the volume ratio, irrigate with distilled water every three days during the cultivation period, and add low-phosphorus Hoagland nutrient solution every two weeks to induce AM fungi and host plants to establish a stable symbiotic relationship and promote the production of spores. After four months of cultivation, stop watering and allow the substrate to dry naturally, remove the aboveground parts of the plants, and obtain the inoculant containing AM fungal spores, infected root systems, and extraradical hyphae, etc. Reproduction. After measuring the spore density of the two kinds of inoculants, mix them according to the spore quantity ratio of 1:1, and obtain the AM fungal composite inoculant for oat inoculation test.
[0007] By verifying the inoculation effect of AM fungi under different phosphorus addition gradients, the present application has the following beneficial effects: 1) Under different phosphorus supply levels, AM fungal inoculation can significantly increase the aboveground biomass, underground biomass and total biomass of oats. Under low phosphorus conditions, the biomass of oats inoculated with AM fungi is significantly higher than that of non-inoculated treatment under high phosphorus conditions, and there is no significant difference in biomass between AM fungal inoculation treatment under high phosphorus conditions, indicating that AM fungi can effectively replace part of the phosphorus fertilizer input and promote oat growth.
[0008] 2) AM fungal inoculation could significantly increase the grain number per oat plant, and further significantly increase the grain yield per oat plant under high phosphorus supply.
[0009] 3) AM fungal inoculation could significantly enhance the phosphorus use efficiency of oat, and reduce the dependence of oat on chemical phosphorus fertilizer, which could provide technical support for the reduction of phosphorus fertilizer application and the green and efficient cultivation of oat. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS Figure 1 Figure 2 shows the effects of AM fungal inoculation on the biomass of oat. Wherein a represents the aboveground biomass per oat plant; b represents the underground biomass per oat plant; and c represents the total biomass per oat plant.
[0010] Figure 2 Figure 3 shows the effects of AM fungal inoculation on the grain traits of oat. Wherein a represents the grain number per oat plant; and b represents the grain weight per oat plant. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0011] The technical solutions and effects of the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments.
[0012] The Glomus sinense and the Glomus deserticola used in the present application are two new strains of AM fungi isolated from the Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture by the research team, and the relevant taxonomic results have been published (Yu et al., 2022, 21: 32). The microbial agent is preserved in the mycorrhizal laboratory of Lanzhou University, and the remaining experimental materials and reagents are commercially available products, which can be obtained through conventional commercial channels. et al Mycological Progress , 21: 32). The microbial agent is preserved in the mycorrhizal laboratory of Lanzhou University, and the remaining experimental materials and reagents are commercially available products, which can be obtained through conventional commercial channels.
[0013] Example: Promoting effect of AM fungal inoculation on oat under different phosphorus supply conditions This example aims to verify the effects of AM fungi on the growth and yield formation of oat under different phosphorus supply levels. Four phosphorus supply gradients, i.e. no phosphorus, low phosphorus, medium phosphorus and high phosphorus, are set, and AM fungal inoculation treatment and non-inoculation control treatment are set under each phosphorus gradient, with 6 replicates for each treatment. All the pots are randomly arranged in the greenhouse, and the position is adjusted randomly every two weeks to reduce the influence of spatial heterogeneity. The potting substrate is taken from the surface soil of the Gannan grassland ecosystem observation station, filtered through a 2 mm sieve, mixed with sand at a volume ratio of 1:1, and used after sterilization. The amount of substrate used in each pot is 1.5 kg. The tested oat is a forage variety, and 3 strains of surface-sterilized and germinated oat seeds are sown in each pot, which are grown in the greenhouse for 4 months. The light intensity in the greenhouse is about 188 μmol photons·m⁻²·s⁻¹, and the light and dark cycles are 16 h and 8 h, respectively, and the day and night temperatures are controlled at 25℃ and 20℃, respectively.
[0014] The AM fungal inoculum was prepared by mixing Glomus sinuosum and Diversispora gansuense at a ratio of 1:1 by spore number. The Glomus sinuosum inoculum contained 840-852 spores per 25 g, and the Diversispora gansuense inoculum contained 335-371 spores per 25 g. The AM fungal inoculation method was as follows: 40.2 g of the AM fungal inoculum was added to the substrate at about 4 / 5 of the pot, so that about 800 AM fungal spores were introduced into the substrate of each pot, with about 400 Glomus sinuosum and Diversispora gansuense spores each. The non-inoculated control treatment was added with an equal amount of sterilized AM fungal inoculum at the same position, and 50 mL of inoculum filtrate filtered through a 38 μm screen was added to each pot to ensure consistency of non-AM fungal microbial composition. To introduce other microbial communities into the soil, 100 mL of unsterilized substrate filtrate filtered through a 38 μm screen was added to all treatments. The phosphorus supply treatment was achieved by adding superphosphate solution to the pot. According to the amount of phosphorus required for different treatments, the superphosphate was dissolved in water in four times, and 100 mL of phosphorus solution was applied to the corresponding treatment pots each time. The non-phosphorus added treatment was applied with an equal amount of tap water as a control.
[0015] The results of the implementation Figure 1 and Figure 2 ): Compared with the non-inoculated control, AM fungal inoculation significantly increased the aboveground biomass, underground biomass and total biomass of oats under each phosphorus gradient condition. Overall, AM fungal inoculation increased the aboveground biomass, underground biomass and total biomass of oats by 21.79%, 12.50% and 20.73%, respectively. Under low phosphorus conditions, the aboveground, underground and total biomass of oats in the AM fungal inoculation treatment was significantly higher than that in the non-inoculation treatment under high phosphorus conditions, with an increase of 21.88%, 18.75% and 20.90%, respectively, and there was no significant difference in biomass level between the AM fungal inoculation treatment under high phosphorus conditions, indicating that inoculation with AM fungi under low phosphorus conditions can effectively promote the growth of oats and to some extent replace chemical phosphorus fertilizer input. In terms of oat grain traits, AM fungal inoculation significantly increased the number of grains per plant under different phosphorus gradient conditions; at the same time, under high phosphorus conditions, AM fungal inoculation could further significantly increase the grain yield of oats, with an increase of 57.6%.
[0016] In summary, the present embodiment shows that AM fungal inoculation can significantly promote the growth of oats, improve the nutrient use efficiency, and reduce the dependence on phosphorus fertilizer application, providing a technical basis for realizing phosphorus fertilizer reduction and green and efficient cultivation in oat production.
[0017] The above-described specific example scheme is described for the purpose of illustrating the technical method and purpose of the present application, and it should be noted that the above-described is only a specific example of the present application, which can be changed.
Claims
1. A method for reducing the amount of phosphate fertilizer used in oats and increasing its efficiency using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, characterized in that, An arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculum containing spores, root-infecting and extra-root hyphae was inoculated into an oat cultivation substrate, and oat cultivation was carried out under conditions of reduced phosphorus fertilizer application.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi include *Glomus chinense* and *Dominikia gansuensis*.
3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculum is a composite inoculum formed by mixing *Glomus chinensis* and *Glomus gansuensis* in equal proportions of spore count.
4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculant is applied to the cultivation substrate near the oat roots.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1–4, characterized in that, Under low phosphorus supply conditions, the method can significantly improve oat growth and yield while reducing the amount of phosphate fertilizer applied.