Breeding method for promoting growth of decapterus maruadsi

Abstract

The invention provides a breeding method for promoting growth of decapterus maruadsi, and belongs to the technical field of breeding of decapterus maruadsi. An indoor circulating water system is adopted, diatom is put in advance, the water environment can be more stable, and natural bait is provided for fry. The density is reduced by dividing the fishes into different ponds according to the sizes of the fishes, and extrusion competition among the fishes is reduced. The feed is specially prepared according to different growth stages of the fish, components for enhancing immunity are added, and the feed is fed according to the proportion every day, so that the fish grows fast and is less ill. Meanwhile, the water temperature and the illumination time are well controlled, and the favorite growth environment is simulated. Under the combined action of the measures, the good effects of accelerating the growth of the decapterus maruadsi, shortening the breeding time, reducing the occurrence of diseases and improving the overall yield are finally achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of yellowtail aquaculture technology, and more particularly to a method for promoting the growth of yellowtail aquaculture. Background Technology

[0002] Yellow-banded trevally, belonging to the genus *Triplophysa* of the family Triplophysaidae, is also known as the large bamboo trevally, island trevally, and long-striped trevally. In Hong Kong and Macau, it is called the Emperor Trevally. It is a warm-water, mid-to-upper-level, long-distance migratory fish, distributed in the East my country Sea, South China Sea, and the warm waters of the Northwest Pacific Ocean south of Iwate Prefecture, Japan. Its flesh is delicious, highly nutritious, grows rapidly, and has strong disease resistance, making it a valuable fish with significant economic and genetic breeding value. It is also a candidate species for intensive deep-sea aquaculture in my country and occupies an important position in the world's deep-sea fisheries. Yellow-banded trevally is typically cultured in net cages. However, due to its large size, rapid growth, and high water quality requirements, large offshore net cages are necessary. During the culture process, the stocking density needs to be adjusted according to the age of the yellow-banded trevally.

[0003] Water temperature and dissolved oxygen levels can easily cause stress to the yellow-banded trevally, reducing its immunity, increasing the incidence of disease, and thus affecting its growth performance. The suitable water temperature for the yellow-banded trevally is 15-30℃. It is active normally when the water temperature is below 12℃, but it basically does not feed. It cannot survive in an environment below 10℃ for a long time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a breeding method for promoting the growth of yellow-banded trevally, thereby increasing the growth rate of yellow-banded trevally, reducing the breeding cycle, reducing the incidence of diseases in yellow-banded trevally, and improving production performance.

[0005] The aquaculture method for promoting the growth of yellow-banded trevally as described in this invention includes the following steps:

[0006] (1) Construction and pretreatment of the aquaculture environment:

[0007] An indoor recirculating aquaculture system is used. Before stocking, the system is disinfected and diatoms are added to maintain the water transparency at 60-80cm, providing natural biological food and a stable environment for the seedlings.

[0008] (2) Selection of high-quality seedlings and tiered stocking:

[0009] Select healthy fry with intact bodies, strong vitality, and an initial body length of 5-10cm, and stock them into the aquaculture system described in step (1) at a density of 1000-1100 fry / pond; then raise them in separate ponds according to their size.

[0010] (3) Feeding of fortified feed in stages:

[0011] Yellow-banded trevally were fed a variety of feeds in stages.

[0012] When the fish's body length is less than 15cm, feed it 4-5 times a day, with the amount of feed being 6-8% of the fish's total body weight;

[0013] When the fish reaches a body length of 15-30cm, feed them 3-4 times a day, with the amount of feed being 4-5% of their total body weight.

[0014] When the fish's body length is >30cm, feed it 2-3 times a day, with the amount of feed being 2-3% of the fish's total body weight;

[0015] The yellow-banded trevally feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0016] Fish meal 8-12 parts, soy protein concentrate 20-30 parts, pea flour 5-10 parts, fermented soybean meal 8-12 parts, brewer's yeast 2-5 parts, taurine 1-2 parts, compound amino acid mixture 1-2 parts, rapeseed meal 3-5 parts, corn gluten meal 5-8 parts, corn 5-10 parts, high gluten flour 10-16 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5-2 parts, compound vitamins 0.05-0.1 parts, compound minerals 0.5-1 parts, fish oil 5-6 parts, soy lecithin 1-2 parts, immune-enhancing complex 2-3 parts;

[0017] (4) Dynamic management of environmental parameters: water temperature and light intensity.

[0018] Preferably, the area of ​​the indoor recirculating aquaculture system in step (1) is 30-50m². 2 The water depth is 1.5-2m; the salinity of the water in the indoor recirculating aquaculture system is 28-32‰, the pH value is 7.8-8.2, the dissolved oxygen concentration is greater than or equal to 6 mg / L, and the water flow rate is 0.2-0.4 seedling lengths / second.

[0019] Preferably, the method of separate pond rearing in step (2) is as follows: when the seedlings are 15-30cm in length, they are reared in separate ponds at a density of 450-550 fish / pond; when the seedlings are longer than 30cm, they are reared in separate ponds again at a density of 250-350 fish / pond; this ensures that the size of the group is uniform, improves the breeding efficiency, and at the same time ensures that the breeding ponds are low in density, which is more conducive to the growth of yellow-banded trevally.

[0020] Preferably, the compound vitamins in step (3) comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0021] Vitamin A 1-2 parts, Vitamin D3 2-4 parts, Vitamin E 1-3 parts, Vitamin K3 0.5-1 part, Vitamin B1 0.2-0.6 parts, Vitamin B2 0.2-0.4 parts, Vitamin B6 0.5-1 part, Vitamin B... 120.05-0.1 parts, 0.3-0.5 parts, calcium pantothenate 0.1-0.2 parts, vitamin C 0.5-2 parts, folic acid 0.5-0.7 parts, inositol 0.3-0.7 parts.

[0022] Preferably, the composite mineral in step (3) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0023] Sodium chloride 2-5 parts, potassium chloride 3-6 parts, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 5-10 parts, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 1-2 parts, zinc sulfate heptahydrate 0.8-1.2 parts, manganese sulfate 0.3-0.8 parts, copper sulfate pentahydrate 0.05-0.18 parts, potassium iodide 0.03-0.1 parts, sodium selenate 0.03-0.07 parts, cobalt chloride 0.2-0.4 parts.

[0024] Preferably, the immune-enhancing complex in step (3) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0025] Curcumin 0.5-1 part, citric acid 0.5-1 part, calcium formate 0.5-1 part, phytase 0.3-1.5 parts.

[0026] Preferably, the water temperature in step (4) is maintained at 16-26℃, which is suitable for the growth of yellow-banded trevally.

[0027] Preferably, the light in step (4) is provided in a cycle of 12-14 hours of light and 10-12 hours of darkness per day to regulate its feeding and resting rhythm and promote growth hormone secretion.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] (1) This invention is a method for raising yellow-banded trevally in an indoor recirculating aquaculture system. By gradation stocking and dynamic pond division (adjusting the stocking density according to body length), the individual competitive pressure is reduced, the living space is optimized, and the population grows evenly, thereby further improving the overall production efficiency.

[0030] (2) This invention uses staged nutritional fortification feed (adjusting the feeding frequency and amount according to the body length in stages) to accurately match the nutritional and metabolic needs of fish at different growth stages, avoid nutrient waste or deficiency, and directly promote growth rate.

[0031] (3) This invention provides a special feed for yellow-banded trevally and adds an immune-enhancing complex, which, combined with a phased feeding method, improves the stress resistance of yellow-banded trevally. At the same time, the breeding method of "water transparency - diatom addition - water flow speed" combines the functions of feed supply and water quality stabilization. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 The weight change trends are shown in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-4. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] A feed for yellow-banded trevally is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0036] Fish meal 12 parts, soy protein concentrate 25 parts, pea flour 8 parts, fermented soybean meal 11 parts, corn protein powder 7 parts, corn 8 parts, high gluten flour (protein content 12.5wt%) 15 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2 parts, compound vitamins 0.1 parts, compound minerals 0.7 parts, fish oil 5 parts, soy lecithin 2 parts, immune-enhancing complex 3 parts.

[0037] The complex vitamin is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0038] Vitamin A 2 parts, Vitamin D3 3 parts, Vitamin E 2 parts, Vitamin K3 0.7 parts, Vitamin B1 0.5 parts, Vitamin B2 0.3 parts, Vitamin B6 0.7 parts, Vitamin B 12 0.07 parts, 0.4 parts, calcium pantothenate 0.3 parts, vitamin C 1.2 parts, folic acid 0.6 parts, inositol 0.6 parts.

[0039] The composite mineral is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0040] 4 parts sodium chloride, 5 parts potassium chloride, 8 parts magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 2 parts ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 1 part zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.7 parts manganese sulfate, 0.09 parts copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.07 parts potassium iodide, 0.06 parts sodium selenate, and 0.4 parts cobalt chloride;

[0041] The immune-enhancing complex is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0042] 1 part curcumin, 0.7 parts citric acid, 0.8 parts calcium formate, and 1.1 parts phytase (5000ftu / g).

[0043] The preparation method of the yellow-banded mackerel feed includes the following steps:

[0044] First, compound vitamins, compound minerals, and immune-enhancing complexes are mixed according to the raw material ratio to obtain compound vitamins, compound minerals, and immune-enhancing complexes. Then, they are mixed according to the ratio to obtain a yellow-banded trevally feed mixture. The yellow-banded trevally feed is obtained by granulation using conventional methods.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] A method for promoting the growth of yellow-banded trevally is as follows:

[0047] (1) Construction and pretreatment of the aquaculture environment:

[0048] An indoor recirculating aquaculture system was adopted. Before stocking, the system was disinfected and diatoms were added to maintain water transparency at 60-80 cm, providing natural biological food and a stable environment for the seedlings. The indoor recirculating aquaculture system had an area of ​​40 m². 2 The water depth is 1.5m; the salinity of the water in the indoor recirculating aquaculture system is controlled at 28-32‰, the pH value is 7.8-8.2, the dissolved oxygen concentration is 6-8mg / L, and the water flow rate is 0.3 seedling lengths / second;

[0049] (2) Selection of high-quality seedlings and tiered stocking:

[0050] Select healthy fry with intact bodies, strong vitality, and an initial body length of 5±0.5cm, and stock them into the aquaculture system described in step (1) at a density of 1000 fry / pond; then, according to the size of the fish, separate them into different ponds for rearing: when the fry are 15-30cm in length, separate them into different ponds at a density of 450 fry / pond; when the fry are longer than 30cm, separate them into different ponds again at a density of 350 fry / pond.

[0051] (3) Feeding of fortified feed in stages:

[0052] Yellow-banded trevally were fed a variety of feeds in stages.

[0053] When the fish's body length is less than 15cm, feed it four times a day, with the amount of feed being 6% of the fish's total body weight;

[0054] When the fish reaches a body length of 15-30cm, feed it three times a day, with the amount of feed being 4% of its total body weight.

[0055] When the fish's body length is >30cm, feed it twice a day, with the amount of feed being 2% of the fish's total body weight;

[0056] (4) Dynamic management of environmental parameters: water temperature and light intensity;

[0057] The water temperature is maintained at 16-26℃, which is suitable for the growth of the yellow-banded trevally.

[0058] The lighting is provided in a cycle of 12 hours of light and 12 hours of darkness per day.

[0059] Comparative Example 1

[0060] A method for promoting the growth of yellowtail trevally is as follows: the steps are the same as in Example 2, except that step (2) of Comparative Example 1 is as follows: select healthy fry with intact body surface, strong vitality and initial body length of 5±0.5cm, and release the fry into the breeding system described in step (1) at a density of 1000 fry / pond; then divide the fry into ponds according to the breeding time: after 3 months of breeding, divide the fry into ponds at a density of 450 fry / pond, and after 8 months of breeding, divide the fry into ponds again at a density of 350 fry / pond.

[0061] Comparative Example 2

[0062] A method for promoting the growth of yellow-banded trevally is provided, with the same steps as in Example 2, except that the yellow-banded trevally feed used in Comparative Example 2 does not contain an immune-enhancing complex.

[0063] Comparative Example 3

[0064] A method for promoting the growth of yellow-banded trevally is provided, with the same steps as in Example 2, except that curcumin is not added to the immune-enhancing complex of the yellow-banded trevally feed used in Comparative Example 3.

[0065] Comparative Example 4

[0066] A method for promoting the growth of yellow-banded trevally is provided, with the same steps as in Example 2, except that phytase is not added to the immune-enhancing complex of the yellow-banded trevally feed used in Comparative Example 3.

[0067] The fish were cultured according to the methods of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-4, respectively, for a period of 12 months. The final average weight and morbidity of the yellow-banded trevally were recorded, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0068] Table 1

[0069] Final average weight (g) Prevalence Example 1 987 5% Comparative Example 1 654 10% Comparative Example 2 725 11% Comparative Example 3 789 7% Comparative Example 4 807 6%

[0070] The weight change trends of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-4 are as follows: Figure 1 .

[0071] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for promoting the growth of yellow-banded trevally, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Construction and pretreatment of the aquaculture environment: An indoor recirculating aquaculture system is used. Before stocking, the system is disinfected and diatoms are added to maintain the water transparency at 60-80cm. (2) Selection of high-quality seedlings and tiered stocking: Select healthy fry with intact bodies, strong vitality, and an initial body length of 5-10cm, and stock them into the aquaculture system described in step (1) at a density of 1000-1100 fry / pond; then raise them in separate ponds according to their size. (3) Feeding of fortified feed in stages: Yellow-banded trevally were fed a variety of feeds in stages. When the fish's body length is less than 15cm, feed it 4-5 times a day, with the amount of feed being 6-8% of the fish's total body weight; When the fish reaches a body length of 15-30cm, feed them 3-4 times a day, with the amount of feed being 4-5% of their total body weight. When the fish's body length is >30cm, feed it 2-3 times a day, with the amount of feed being 2-3% of the fish's total body weight; The yellow-banded trevally feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: Fish meal 8-12 parts, soy protein concentrate 20-30 parts, pea flour 5-10 parts, fermented soybean meal 8-12 parts, brewer's yeast 2-5 parts, taurine 1-2 parts, compound amino acid mixture 1-2 parts, rapeseed meal 3-5 parts, corn gluten meal 5-8 parts, corn 5-10 parts, high gluten flour 10-16 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5-2 parts, compound vitamins 0.05-0.1 parts, compound minerals 0.5-1 parts, fish oil 5-6 parts, soy lecithin 1-2 parts, immune-enhancing complex 2-3 parts; (4) Dynamic management of environmental parameters: water temperature and light intensity.

2. The aquaculture method for promoting the growth of yellow-banded trevally according to claim 1, characterized in that, The area of ​​the indoor recirculating aquaculture system described in step (1) is 30-50m². 2 The water depth is 1.5-2m; the salinity of the water in the indoor recirculating aquaculture system is 28-32‰, the pH value is 7.8-8.2, the dissolved oxygen concentration is greater than or equal to 6 mg / L, and the water flow rate is 0.2-0.4 seedling lengths / second.

3. The aquaculture method for promoting the growth of yellow-banded trevally according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of separate rearing in step (2) is as follows: when the seedlings are 15-30cm in length, they are reared in separate ponds at a density of 450-550 seedlings / pond; when the seedlings are longer than 30cm, they are reared in separate ponds a second time at a density of 250-350 seedlings / pond.

4. The aquaculture method for promoting the growth of yellow-banded trevally according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multivitamin in step (3) comprises the following ingredients by weight: Vitamin A 1-2 parts, Vitamin D3 2-4 parts, Vitamin E 1-3 parts, Vitamin K3 0.5-1 part, Vitamin B1 0.2-0.6 parts, Vitamin B2 0.2-0.4 parts, Vitamin B6 0.5-1 part, Vitamin B... 12 0.05-0.1 parts, 0.3-0.5 parts, calcium pantothenate 0.1-0.2 parts, vitamin C 0.5-2 parts, folic acid 0.5-0.7 parts, inositol 0.3-0.7 parts.

5. The aquaculture method for promoting the growth of yellow-banded trevally according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite minerals mentioned in step (3) comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: Sodium chloride 2-5 parts, potassium chloride 3-6 parts, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 5-10 parts, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 1-2 parts, zinc sulfate heptahydrate 0.8-1.2 parts, manganese sulfate 0.3-0.8 parts, copper sulfate pentahydrate 0.05-0.18 parts, potassium iodide 0.03-0.1 parts, sodium selenate 0.03-0.07 parts, cobalt chloride 0.2-0.4 parts.

6. The aquaculture method for promoting the growth of yellow-banded trevally according to claim 1, characterized in that, The immune-enhancing complex in step (3) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: Curcumin 0.5-1 part, citric acid 0.5-1 part, calcium formate 0.5-1 part, phytase 0.3-1.5 parts.

7. The aquaculture method for promoting the growth of yellow-banded trevally according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water temperature in step (4) is maintained at 16-26℃.

8. The aquaculture method for promoting the growth of yellow-banded trevally according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lighting in step (4) follows a cycle of 12-14 hours of light and 10-12 hours of darkness per day.

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