Method and system for monitoring and protecting output energy of semiconductor laser treatment equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser treatment, in particular to a method and a system for monitoring and protecting output energy of semiconductor laser treatment equipment. The monitoring protection method comprises the following steps: acquiring preset working parameters of the semiconductor laser treatment equipment, wherein the preset working parameters comprise preset current, preset pulse width and a preset energy threshold value; current output by the laser power supply is detected through the current detection sensor, and a voltage signal output by the current detection sensor is processed by the voltage follower and then transmitted to the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit. According to the output energy monitoring and protecting method of the semiconductor laser treatment equipment, the current signal and the pulse width signal output by the laser power supply are collected in real time, the actual energy is directly calculated based on the product of the current and the pulse width under the fixed voltage (the working voltage of the laser), and the laser output energy is accurately and quantitatively monitored; the problem of insufficient precision caused by traditional single parameter indirect estimation is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of laser treatment, in particular to a semiconductor laser treatment equipment output energy monitoring and protection method and system. BACKGROUND

[0002] The precise control of laser output energy of the semiconductor laser treatment equipment is the premise of safe and effective treatment. Too high energy may cause skin thermal damage (such as burns and scars), and too low energy cannot destroy the target tissue (such as hair follicles and pigment cells), resulting in treatment failure. The energy monitoring and protection system of the existing semiconductor laser treatment equipment is mostly designed with integrated main control unit, that is, the main control unit (such as a single MCU) simultaneously undertakes the functions of device normal work control and energy monitoring and protection. This design has obvious disadvantages: When the main control unit cannot work normally due to hardware failure or software anomaly, the energy monitoring and protection mechanism is invalid, and the laser output cannot be turned off in time, which may cause serious harm to the patient. In addition, the traditional energy monitoring method mostly indirectly estimates the energy by monitoring a single parameter in the output current or pulse width of the laser power supply, without considering the synergistic effect of current and pulse width. For example, if current fluctuation or pulse width deviation is not detected in time, the energy monitoring accuracy is insufficient, and it is difficult to ensure the stability of the treatment effect.

[0003] Therefore, how to ensure the accuracy of laser output energy monitoring while constructing a monitoring and protection mechanism independent of the main control unit to realize real-time and accurate monitoring of laser output energy and reliable shutdown protection when the energy is too high has become a technical problem to be solved in the research and development of semiconductor laser treatment equipment. SUMMARY

[0004] The present disclosure proposes a semiconductor laser treatment equipment output energy monitoring and protection method and system to overcome at least one of the deficiencies in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solutions disclosed by the present application are as follows: According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a semiconductor laser treatment equipment output energy monitoring and protection method is provided, comprising the steps of: obtaining preset working parameters of the semiconductor laser treatment equipment, the preset working parameters including preset current, preset pulse width and preset energy threshold; real-time acquisition of current signals and pulse width signals output by the laser power supply; calculating the actual energy output by the laser power supply according to the current signals and the pulse width signals; comparing the actual energy with the preset energy threshold, and if the actual energy exceeds the preset energy threshold, turning off the laser power supply output and sending an alarm information.

[0006] Further, the step of collecting the current signal and the pulse width signal in real time includes: detecting the current output by the laser power supply through a current detection sensor, and transmitting the voltage signal output by the current detection sensor to the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit after processing by a voltage follower, and converting the voltage signal into a digital quantity through an ADC conversion to obtain the current signal; comparing the voltage signal output by the current detection sensor with the variable voltage converted by the DAC through a voltage comparator, triggering the input capture pin timing of the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit when the voltage signal is higher than the variable voltage, obtaining the count value corresponding to the pulse width signal, and obtaining the pulse width time of the laser power supply output by processing the count value.

[0007] Further, the step of comparing the actual energy with the preset energy threshold includes: when the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit detects that the actual energy output by the laser power supply exceeds the preset energy threshold, the MCU2 control system sends an off signal to the power switch control port of the laser power supply, the laser power supply stops outputting energy after receiving the off signal, and at the same time, the MCU2 control system sends an alarm information to the upper computer through the RS232 serial port, the upper computer transmits the alarm information to the display screen, and the display screen displays the alarm information and the actually collected current signal and pulse width signal.

[0008] Further, the display screen receives the preset working parameters input by the user, and the display screen is connected with the MCU1 control circuit and the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit to transmit the preset working parameters.

[0009] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a semiconductor laser treatment device output energy monitoring protection system is provided for implementing the semiconductor laser treatment device output energy monitoring protection method as described above, comprising: a display screen for receiving user input working parameters and displaying alarm information, the display screen being connected with the MCU1 control circuit and the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit respectively; a DC power supply system, a refrigeration system, a sensor and a laser output handle connected with the MCU1 control circuit respectively, for controlling the system to work normally; a laser power supply for providing energy to the laser output handle, the laser power supply having a power switch control port, the laser power supply, the sensor and the DC power supply system being connected with the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit respectively, for monitoring the energy output by the laser power supply and triggering protection; The sensor includes a current detection sensor connected with the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit, and the laser output handle is connected with the laser power supply, the MCU1 control circuit and the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit.

[0010] Further, the sensor further includes a handle temperature detection sensor, a water tank temperature detection sensor, a flow meter and a water level detection sensor, the handle temperature detection sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the laser output handle, the water tank temperature detection sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the water tank of the refrigeration system, the flow meter is used for detecting the flow of the refrigeration system, and the water level detection sensor is used for detecting the water level of the refrigeration system, and the handle temperature detection sensor, the water tank temperature detection sensor, the flow meter and the water level detection sensor are connected with the MCU1 control circuit.

[0011] Further, the MCU1 control circuit and the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit are independently powered by the DC power supply system, the DC power supply system provides a first direct current voltage for the MCU1 control circuit and a second direct current voltage for the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit, so as to avoid losing control of the laser power supply when a single fault occurs.

[0012] Further, the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit includes: a current detection sensor for detecting the current output by the laser power supply and outputting a corresponding voltage signal; a voltage follower for buffering and isolating the voltage signal and outputting a real-time current monitoring signal; a voltage comparator for comparing the voltage signal with a variable voltage converted by a DAC and outputting a pulse width monitoring signal; a MCU2 control system for receiving the real-time current monitoring signal and the pulse width monitoring signal, calculating the actual energy output by the laser power supply, and comparing the actual energy with a preset energy threshold; a laser power supply output energy protection threshold setting module for setting the variable voltage by DAC conversion to adjust the preset energy threshold.

[0013] Further, the formula for calculating the actual energy by the MCU2 control system is: Actual energy = fixed voltage × real-time current monitoring signal × pulse width monitoring signal, wherein the fixed voltage is the working voltage of the laser, the real-time current monitoring signal is the current value corresponding to the voltage signal output by the voltage follower, and the pulse width monitoring signal is the time corresponding to the high level signal output by the voltage comparator.

[0014] Further, the laser power output energy protection threshold setting module generates a DAC control signal through the MCU2 control system, the DAC control signal is converted into a variable voltage through a DAC conversion circuit, the variable voltage is used as the reference voltage of the in-phase input terminal of the voltage comparator, when the voltage signal output by the current detection sensor is higher than the variable voltage, the voltage comparator outputs a high level, triggering the input capture pin of the MCU2 control system to start timing, when the voltage signal is lower than the variable voltage, the voltage comparator outputs a low level, triggering the input capture pin to stop timing, and the timing time of the input capture pin is the pulse width time of the laser power output.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present application are: The semiconductor laser treatment equipment output energy monitoring protection method of the present application realizes accurate quantitative monitoring of the laser output energy by collecting the current signal and pulse width signal of the laser power output in real time, directly calculates the actual energy based on the product of the current and pulse width under a fixed voltage (laser operating voltage), solves the problem of insufficient precision caused by traditional single parameter indirect estimation, and has high laser output energy monitoring precision, with a relative error of not more than ±10%.

[0016] Further, the energy calculation and threshold comparison are performed by the monitoring protection circuit (MCU2) independent of the main control unit (MCU1), a double-loop mechanism of main control and monitoring protection is constructed, and the safety risk that the laser output cannot be turned off when the single control unit fails is avoided, for example, when the main control unit fails, the monitoring protection circuit can still independently complete energy monitoring and shutdown operation.

[0017] Further, the current signal is buffered and isolated by the voltage follower, effectively suppressing interference (such as power supply noise and line coupling interference) in the signal transmission process, improving the collection accuracy of the current signal; the current signal is compared with the preset threshold (DAC variable voltage) through the voltage comparator combined with the pulse width monitoring mode of the DAC variable voltage, triggering pulse width timing, reducing false triggering (such as pulse width misjudgment caused by interference signals), and improving the reliability of pulse width monitoring. When the actual energy exceeds the preset threshold, the laser power is turned off in time and an alarm information is sent, realizing fast response and safety protection in the case of over-energy, ensuring the safety of patient treatment, avoiding thermal damage, ensuring the stability of treatment effect, avoiding treatment failure caused by insufficient energy, effectively solving the problems in the prior art, and improving the reliability and clinical applicability of the semiconductor laser treatment equipment.

[0018] The above description is only a summary of the technical solutions of the present application, in order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, and to implement the content of the description, the preferred embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Fig. 1 A flowchart illustrating the monitoring and protection method for the output energy of the semiconductor laser therapy device of the present invention; Fig. 2 This is a block diagram illustrating the working principle of the present invention; Fig. 3 This is a logic diagram of the monitoring and protection method for the output energy of the semiconductor laser therapy device of the present invention; Fig. 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware principle of the protection circuit of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.

[0021] In embodiments of the present invention, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design that is described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs.

[0022] like Figs. 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention provides the following preferred embodiments: Example 1: To achieve accurate monitoring of the output energy of a semiconductor laser therapy device and reliable protection under over-energy conditions, this example provides a method for monitoring and protecting the output energy of a semiconductor laser therapy device, detailing the complete process from obtaining preset operating parameters to energy calculation and execution of protective actions. The process of the monitoring and protection method is as follows: S100: Obtain the preset operating parameters of the semiconductor laser therapy device, including preset current, preset pulse width and preset energy threshold.

[0023] S200: Real-time acquisition of the current signal and pulse width signal output by the laser power supply.

[0024] S300: Calculates the actual energy output of the laser power supply based on the current signal and pulse width signal.

[0025] S400: Compare the actual energy with the preset energy threshold. If the actual energy exceeds the preset energy threshold, turn off the laser power supply output and send an alarm message.

[0026] It can be understood that the preset operating parameters of the semiconductor laser treatment device are input by the user through the human-computer interaction interface, and the parameters include the preset current, the preset pulse width and the preset energy threshold, which together constitute the reference for monitoring the laser output energy. After the device enters the working state, the current signal and the pulse width signal output by the laser power supply need to be collected in real time, that is, the current signal is detected by the current detection sensor to detect the current output by the laser power supply and converted into a voltage signal, which is transmitted to the monitoring circuit through the signal processing circuit; the pulse width signal is obtained by detecting the duration of the current signal. Specifically, when the laser power supply outputs current, the corresponding voltage signal triggers the pulse width detection circuit to start timing, and when the current stops, the timing ends, thereby obtaining the pulse width time.

[0027] Further, under the premise that the operating voltage of the laser is constant, the actual energy output by the laser power supply is determined by the product of the current signal and the pulse width signal. This calculation method directly relates the output parameters of the laser power supply and the laser energy, ensuring the accuracy of energy calculation. Subsequently, the actual energy calculated is compared with the preset energy threshold in real time. If the actual energy exceeds the preset energy threshold, it means that the laser output energy is too high, which may cause thermal damage to the patient. At this time, the laser power supply output needs to be turned off immediately to prevent further energy output, and an alarm information is sent to the user to prompt that the device is in an over-energy state. The monitoring control of the whole process from the preset parameter acquisition to the protection action execution ensures the accurate monitoring of the laser output energy and the timeliness of the over-energy protection.

[0028] Embodiment two: In order to improve the collection accuracy and anti-interference performance of the laser power supply output current and pulse width signal, this embodiment further refines the specific collection method of the current signal and the pulse width signal. For the collection of the current signal, the current output by the laser power supply is detected by the current detection sensor, and the current detection sensor converts the current into a corresponding voltage signal. This voltage signal directly reflects the size of the current. In order to avoid attenuation and interference in the signal transmission process, the voltage signal is transmitted to the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit after being processed by the voltage follower, that is, the voltage follower has the characteristics of high input impedance and low output impedance, which can effectively isolate the front and rear circuits and ensure the integrity of the signal.

[0029] Further, MCU2 converts the voltage signal into digital quantity through its ADC (analog-to-digital conversion) function, which converts the analog voltage signal into a calculable digital signal, facilitating subsequent current value calculation. For the collection of pulse width signals, a voltage comparator is used to compare the voltage signal output by the current detection sensor with the variable voltage converted by DAC (digital-to-analog conversion), where the variable voltage converted by DAC is generated by MCU2 as the reference voltage for comparison. When the voltage signal output by the current detection sensor is higher than the variable voltage, it indicates that the laser power supply is in an output state, and the voltage comparator outputs a high level to trigger the input capture pin of MCU2 to start timing; when the voltage signal is lower than the variable voltage, it indicates that the laser power supply stops outputting, and the voltage comparator outputs a low level to stop the timing of the input capture pin. The duration of the high level recorded by the input capture pin is the pulse width time of the laser power supply output, which directly correlates with the output duration of the laser energy.

[0030] It should be understood that the variable voltage converted by DAC can be adjusted according to the preset working parameters to adapt to different pulse width monitoring requirements, ensuring the flexibility of pulse width signal collection. Through the above-mentioned manner, the collection process of current signal and pulse width signal achieves high accuracy and anti-interference, laying a foundation for subsequent energy calculation.

[0031] In order to realize fast response and safety protection in the case of over-energy, this embodiment further refines the comparison process of actual energy and preset energy threshold and the execution mode of protection action. First, MCU2 monitors the protection circuit to obtain the current signal and pulse width signal output by the laser power supply. Under the premise that the working voltage of the laser is fixed, the actual energy is calculated by the product of the current signal and the pulse width signal, which accurately reflects the energy level of the laser output.

[0032] Further, MCU2 compares the calculated actual energy with the preset energy threshold in real time, i.e., the preset energy threshold is input by the user through the display screen and transmitted to MCU2 as the basis for judging over-energy. If the actual energy exceeds the preset energy threshold, it indicates that the laser output energy is too high, which may cause thermal damage to the patient. At this time, MCU2 immediately outputs a control signal to the power switch control port of the laser power supply to cut off the output of the laser power supply and stop the energy supply.

[0033] It needs to be understood that the power switch control port of the laser power supply is a key control node of its output, and cutting off the port signal can quickly stop the laser output to ensure safety. At the same time, MCU2 sends alarm information to the upper computer through RS232 serial communication, and the alarm information includes the actual energy value, the preset energy threshold and the over-energy state identifier. After receiving the alarm information, the upper computer transmits it to the display screen, and the display screen displays the alarm information through the man-machine interface, including the over-energy prompt, the actual energy value, the preset energy threshold and the current device state, to inform the user that the device is in the over-energy protection state.

[0034] Further, the display of the alarm information not only enables the user to know the device state in time, but also provides a basis for subsequent troubleshooting and device maintenance. Through the process of the embodiment, the comparison of the actual energy and the preset energy threshold realizes real-time, the execution of the protection action realizes rapidity, and the transmission of the alarm information realizes intuitiveness, which together constitute a complete protection mechanism in the over-energy condition.

[0035] Embodiment Four: In order to realize the flexible setting and accurate transmission of the working parameters of the semiconductor laser treatment device by the user, the embodiment further refines the input and transmission mode of the preset working parameters. The display screen, as a man-machine interface, receives the preset working parameters input by the user through touch operation, and these parameters include preset current, preset pulse width and preset energy threshold. The user can flexibly adjust these parameters according to the treatment requirements.

[0036] It needs to be understood that the man-machine interface design of the display screen conforms to the operation specification of medical devices, ensuring the convenience and accuracy of user input. Subsequently, the display screen establishes a connection with the MCU1 control circuit and the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit through the communication line, and transmits the preset working parameters input by the user to these two circuits. Among them, the MCU1 control circuit receives the preset working parameters as the control reference for the normal operation of the device, for example, adjusts the output current of the laser power supply according to the preset current, and controls the duration of the laser output according to the preset pulse width; the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit receives the preset working parameters as the reference for energy monitoring, for example, uses the preset energy threshold as the standard for judging over-energy, and uses the preset current and the preset pulse width as the reference for signal acquisition.

[0037] Further, the communication between the display screen and MCU1 and MCU2 adopts a bidirectional transmission mode, which can not only transmit the preset working parameters to the control and monitoring circuit, but also receive the device state information from these circuits, such as the current current value, the current pulse width time, whether the device is in an over-energy protection state, etc., and display these state information to the user, realizing real-time feedback of the device state. Through this embodiment, the preset working parameters input by the user can be accurately transmitted to the core circuit of the device, ensuring that the device operates according to the user's needs, while the device state information can be fed back to the user in real time, realizing complete and accurate human-computer interaction.

[0038] Embodiment five: In order to realize accurate monitoring and reliable protection of the output energy of the semiconductor laser treatment device, and at the same time ensure that the system can still maintain the control ability of the laser in a single failure scenario, this embodiment provides a monitoring and protection system for the output energy of the semiconductor laser treatment device, which refines the component composition and interaction logic of the monitoring and protection system, and clearly defines the function division and connection relationship of each component.

[0039] Specifically, the display screen for receiving user input working parameters and displaying device working state and alarm information is bidirectionally connected with MCU1 control circuit and MCU2 monitoring and protection circuit. The display screen receives user operation instructions through the human-computer interaction interface, and issues preset current, pulse width, energy threshold and other working parameters to MCU1 control circuit and MCU2 monitoring and protection circuit, while receiving device state information (such as current current, pulse width, energy value, whether in protection state) from the two circuits, and displaying these information to the user in real time, realizing accurate transmission of working parameters and intuitive feedback of device state.

[0040] Further, the MCU1 control circuit connected with DC power system, refrigeration system, sensor and laser output handle respectively is mainly responsible for controlling the normal operation of the system. The DC power system provides independent power supply for the MCU1 control circuit to ensure its stable operation; the refrigeration system is connected with the laser output handle, and the MCU1 control circuit adjusts the operation of the refrigeration system according to the working state of the laser output handle to maintain the temperature of the handle within a reasonable range; the sensor (including handle temperature detection, water tank temperature detection, flow meter, water level detection) transmits the device working state signal to the MCU1 control circuit, and the MCU1 control circuit processes these signals to judge whether the device is in normal working state (such as whether the temperature is too high, whether the water flow is normal), and adjusts the system operation according to the judgment result; the laser output handle is connected with the MCU1 control circuit, and the MCU1 control circuit controls the light output state (such as light output time and light output time) of the laser output handle according to the working parameters issued by the display screen.

[0041] Further, the laser power supply for providing energy to the laser output handle has a power switch control port, which is connected with the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit. The laser power supply converts the electric energy provided by the DC power supply system into a form suitable for the laser output handle, and provides power for the laser output; the power switch control port receives the control signal of the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit, and when it is necessary to stop the laser output, the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit sends a signal to the port to cut off the output of the laser power supply and stop providing energy to the laser output handle.

[0042] Further, the sensors include current detection sensors and other state monitoring sensors (such as handle temperature detection, water tank temperature detection, flow meter, water level detection). The current detection sensors are connected with the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit, which is used to detect the real-time current output by the laser power supply, convert the current signal into a voltage signal and transmit it to the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit as the basic signal for energy monitoring; the other state monitoring sensors are connected with the MCU1 control circuit, which is used to monitor the working state of the equipment (such as handle temperature, water tank temperature, water flow, water level), and transmit these state signals to the MCU1 control circuit to provide guarantee for the normal operation of the system.

[0043] Further, the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit connected with the laser power supply, the current detection sensor and the DC power supply system respectively is mainly responsible for monitoring the energy output by the laser power supply and triggering the protection action. The DC power supply system provides independent power supply for the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit, which is independent of the power supply of the MCU1 control circuit, so as to avoid affecting the control and protection of the laser when a single fault occurs. The current detection sensor converts the current output by the laser power supply into a voltage signal, which is transmitted to the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit. The MCU2 monitoring protection circuit converts the voltage signal into a digital signal through the ADC (analog-to-digital conversion) function to obtain the real-time current value. At the same time, the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit outputs a DAC (digital-to-analog conversion) voltage signal as a reference voltage of the voltage comparator, which is compared with the voltage signal output by the current detection sensor. When the voltage signal output by the current detection sensor is higher than the reference voltage, the voltage comparator outputs a high level, triggering the input capture pin of the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit to start timing. When the voltage signal is lower than the reference voltage, the voltage comparator outputs a low level, and the input capture pin stops timing. The duration of the high level is the pulse width time of the output by the laser power supply. In the case of constant laser working voltage, the energy output by the laser power supply is determined by the product of the real-time current and the pulse width time. The MCU2 monitoring protection circuit obtains the actual output energy by calculating the product. The MCU2 monitoring protection circuit compares the actual output energy with the preset energy threshold (issued by the display screen), and if the actual output energy exceeds the preset threshold, it immediately sends a control signal to the power switch control port of the laser power supply to cut off the output of the laser power supply and stop the laser output. At the same time, the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit transmits alarm information (such as over-energy state, actual energy value, preset threshold) to the display screen, which is displayed to the user through the display screen to inform that the device is in a protection state.

[0044] Further, the MCU1 control circuit and the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit are independently powered by the DC power supply system, and the functions of the two are clearly divided. The MCU1 control circuit is responsible for the normal working control of the system, and the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit is responsible for energy monitoring and protection. This independent design avoids the loss of control and protection ability of the system to the laser when a single fault occurs, and improves the reliability of the system.

[0045] The embodiment realizes precise monitoring and reliable protection of the output energy of the semiconductor laser treatment device by clearly defining the functional division and connection relationship of each component, while ensuring the control ability of the system in a single fault scenario, providing a guarantee for the safe and stable operation of the device.

[0046] Embodiment six: In order to comprehensively monitor the running state of the semiconductor laser treatment device, ensure the normal work of each auxiliary system, and avoid affecting the stability of energy output or the safety of the device due to local abnormalities, the embodiment further defines the types, functions and connection relationship with the MCU1 control circuit of the sensors.

[0047] Further, a handle temperature detection sensor for detecting the temperature of the laser output handle, the probe of which is installed in the heat dissipation structure of the laser output handle and directly senses the temperature change of the handle during operation. The laser output handle is the part of the device that directly contacts the patient, and an excessively high temperature of the handle can cause discomfort to the patient or affect the treatment effect. The handle temperature detection sensor transmits a real-time temperature signal to the MCU1 control circuit, providing a basis for the MCU1 to determine whether the handle is within the safe working temperature range.

[0048] Further, a water tank temperature detection sensor for detecting the temperature of the water tank of the refrigeration system, which is installed inside the water tank of the refrigeration system. The refrigeration system cools the laser output handle by circulating cooling water, and an excessively high temperature of the water tank can reduce the cooling efficiency, thereby causing the temperature of the handle to rise. The signal of this sensor reflects the cooling capacity of the refrigeration system and is an important reference for the MCU1 to adjust the operating parameters of the refrigeration system.

[0049] Further, a flow meter for detecting the flow of the refrigeration system, which is connected in series in the cooling water circulation pipeline of the refrigeration system. The output signal of the flow meter is proportional to the flow speed of the cooling water. If the flow is too low, it indicates that the pipeline may be blocked or the pump is operating abnormally, which cannot effectively cool the handle. After the signal of the flow meter is transmitted to the MCU1, the MCU1 can identify this abnormality in a timely manner.

[0050] Further, a water level detection sensor for detecting the water level of the refrigeration system, which is installed on the side wall of the water tank. The output signal of the water level detection sensor changes with the water level in the water tank. If the water level is too low, the pump of the refrigeration system may be idling, causing the pump to be damaged or the cooling to fail. The signal of the water level detection sensor is the basis for the MCU1 to determine whether the water tank needs to be refilled.

[0051] It can be understood that the handle temperature detection sensor, the water tank temperature detection sensor, the flow meter, and the water level detection sensor are all electrically connected to the MCU1 control circuit, and the sensors transmit the detected analog or digital signals to the MCU1 control circuit. The MCU1 control circuit has an analog-to-digital conversion module built-in, which converts the analog signal into a digital signal and compares it with the preset threshold value (such as the handle temperature threshold value, the water tank temperature threshold value, the flow threshold value, and the water level threshold value). When the signal of a certain sensor exceeds or is lower than the preset threshold value, the MCU1 control circuit will trigger the corresponding control action: for example, when the handle temperature exceeds the threshold value, the MCU1 control circuit will increase the cooling water flow of the refrigeration system to reduce the temperature of the handle; when the water tank temperature exceeds the threshold value, the MCU1 control circuit may start the compressor of the refrigeration system to enhance cooling; when the flow is lower than the threshold value, the MCU1 control circuit will issue an alarm signal and stop the laser output to prevent the handle from overheating; when the water level is lower than the threshold value, the MCU1 control circuit will turn off the pump of the refrigeration system and prompt the user to refill the water through the display screen.

[0052] It needs to be understood that the signals of these sensors do not act in isolation, but work together with other input signals of the MCU1 control circuit (such as the working state of the laser output handle, the voltage signal of the DC power supply system) to maintain the normal operation of the device. For example, when the water level detection sensor detects that the water tank is out of water, the MCU1 control circuit will not only turn off the refrigeration system, but also stop the laser output, because there is no cooling water circulation, the handle temperature will rise rapidly, at this time, continuing to output the laser may cause damage to the device or discomfort to the patient.

[0053] Through this embodiment, the MCU1 control circuit can comprehensively master the running state of each auxiliary system of the device, identify abnormalities in time and take measures, and provide basic protection for the stability of the laser output energy.

[0054] Embodiment Seven: In order to ensure that the semiconductor laser treatment device can still maintain the control ability of the laser power supply in a single circuit failure scenario, and prevent the monitoring and protection function from failing due to abnormal power supply, this embodiment further refines the power supply design of the DC power supply system to the MCU1 control circuit and the MCU2 monitoring and protection circuit.

[0055] Further, the DC power supply system is used for device power supply, and its input is alternating current mains. After rectification, filtering, and voltage stabilization processing, two independent DC voltages are output: the first DC voltage is supplied to the MCU1 control circuit, and the second DC voltage is supplied to the MCU2 monitoring and protection circuit. Both voltage output circuits are provided with independent rectifier bridges, filter capacitors, voltage stabilizing chips, and overcurrent protection circuits. The specification (such as voltage value, current capacity) of the first DC voltage is determined according to the requirements of the MCU1 control circuit, for example, the MCU1 control circuit needs to drive peripheral devices such as the pump of the refrigeration system and the control circuit of the laser output handle, so the first DC voltage may be selected as 5V with large current capacity. The specification of the second DC voltage is determined according to the requirements of the MCU2 monitoring and protection circuit, for example, the MCU2 monitoring and protection circuit is mainly responsible for signal processing and logical judgment, and has low power consumption, so the second DC voltage may be selected as 3.3V with small current capacity.

[0056] Further, the power input end of the MCU1 control circuit is connected with the first DC voltage output terminal of the DC power supply system. The overcurrent protection circuit of this circuit is set to automatically cut off the power supply when the output current exceeds the maximum working current of the MCU1 control circuit, preventing the MCU1 control circuit from being damaged due to overload. The power input end of the MCU2 monitoring and protection circuit is connected with the second DC voltage output terminal of the DC power supply system, and the threshold value of the overcurrent protection circuit thereof is set as the maximum working current of the MCU2 monitoring and protection circuit, ensuring that this circuit will not affect the power supply of other circuits in case of failure.

[0057] It needs to be understood that the independent power supply design of the MCU1 control circuit and the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit has the core purpose of realizing functional isolation. The MCU1 control circuit is responsible for the normal working control of the system, such as the operation of the refrigeration system, the state adjustment of the laser output handle, etc.; the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit is responsible for the monitoring and protection of the output energy of the laser power supply, such as current detection, pulse width calculation, energy comparison and laser power supply shutdown control. If both share the same power supply, when one of the circuits occurs short circuit or overload, it may cause the entire power supply system to fail, at this time, MCU1 and MCU2 cannot work, cannot control the laser power supply, and may cause abnormal energy output. After independent power supply, even if one of the power supply circuits fails, the other circuit can still be normally powered: for example, if the power supply circuit of the MCU1 control circuit fails, the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit can still work normally through the second DC voltage, continue to monitor the output energy of the laser power supply, and if the energy exceeds the threshold, it can still shut down the laser output through the power supply switch control port of the laser power supply; if the power supply circuit of the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit fails, the MCU1 control circuit can still work normally through the first DC voltage, control the refrigeration system and the laser output handle, and avoid equipment damage.

[0058] Further, the two output voltages of the DC power supply system are subjected to strict voltage stabilization treatment, ensuring that the voltage fluctuation is within the allowable range, to provide stable working voltage for the MCU1 control circuit and the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit. Stable power supply is the basis for the two circuits to accurately process signals and execute control actions, for example, the voltage signal output by the current detection sensor in the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit needs stable power supply to accurately reflect the output current of the laser power supply. If the supply voltage fluctuates too much, it may cause the current detection error to increase, affecting the accuracy of energy monitoring.

[0059] Through the embodiment, the DC power supply system provides independent and stable power supply for the MCU1 control circuit and the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit, ensuring that the two circuits can still maintain their respective functions in a single failure scenario, providing double protection for the control of the laser power supply.

[0060] Embodiment Eight: In order to refine the specific composition of the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit and the logical connection of each functional module, the embodiment further clarifies the component composition and signal transmission relationship of the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit.

[0061] Specifically, the MCU2 monitoring protection circuit includes a current detection sensor, a voltage follower, a voltage comparator, an MCU2 control system, and a laser power output energy protection threshold setting module. The current detection sensor is connected in series in a power supply circuit between the laser power supply and the laser, detects the real-time current output by the laser power supply, and converts the current signal into a corresponding voltage signal. The amplitude of the voltage signal is linearly related to the size of the laser power output current and directly reflects the working current state of the laser power supply.

[0062] Further, the input end of the voltage follower is connected with the output end of the current detection sensor. The voltage follower buffers and isolates the voltage signal output by the current detection sensor, avoids the influence of the input impedance of the subsequent circuit on the output accuracy of the current detection sensor, and transmits the signal after the voltage follower processing to the analog signal input end of the MCU2 control system as the real-time current monitoring signal, which retains the amplitude and phase of the original voltage signal.

[0063] Further, one input end of the voltage comparator receives the voltage signal output by the current detection sensor, and the other input end receives the DAC converted variable voltage provided by the laser power output energy protection threshold setting module. When the voltage signal output by the current detection sensor is higher than the variable voltage, the voltage comparator outputs a high level; when the voltage signal is lower than the variable voltage, the voltage comparator outputs a low level. The high and low level signals are the pulse width monitoring signals, which are transmitted to the digital signal input end of the MCU2 control system.

[0064] Further, the MCU2 control system is integrated with an analog-to-digital conversion module for converting the real-time current monitoring signal into a digital quantity, and receives the pulse width monitoring signal through the input capture module to obtain the duration of the high level. The laser power output energy protection threshold setting module is connected with the digital output end of the MCU2 control system. The DAC control signal sent by the MCU2 control system drives the DAC conversion circuit to generate a variable voltage, and the size of the variable voltage determines the trigger threshold of the voltage comparator, thereby adjusting the preset energy protection threshold.

[0065] It should be understood that the buffer isolation function of the voltage follower ensures the accuracy of the real-time current monitoring signal and avoids the interference of the subsequent circuit on the current detection; the threshold comparison function of the voltage comparator realizes the extraction of the pulse width signal and converts the continuous current signal into a discrete time signal; and the laser power output energy protection threshold setting module adjusts the variable voltage through DAC conversion, so that the preset energy threshold can be flexibly adjusted according to different treatment modes or laser parameters.

[0066] It can be understood that the current detection sensor acquires the current signal, generates real-time current monitoring signal and pulse width monitoring signal through voltage follower and voltage comparator respectively, MCU2 control system processes the two signals to calculate the actual energy, and then adjusts the preset threshold through the laser power output energy protection threshold setting module to realize dynamic monitoring and protection of the laser power output energy.

[0067] Embodiment Nine: In order to clarify the calculation logic of the actual energy and the corresponding relationship of each parameter, this embodiment further refines the specific way of MCU2 control system calculating the actual energy of the laser power output. The calculation of the actual energy follows the logic of "actual energy = fixed voltage x real-time current monitoring signal x pulse width monitoring signal", wherein each parameter is directly related to the working state of the laser power and the laser.

[0068] Specifically, the fixed voltage refers to the working voltage of the laser. Since the working voltage of the laser in the semiconductor laser treatment equipment is usually kept constant, this voltage value can be stored as a constant in the memory of the MCU2 control system in advance, without the need for real-time detection, thus simplifying the calculation process. The real-time current monitoring signal comes from the output signal of the voltage follower, which is the result of the voltage signal output by the current detection sensor after buffer isolation processing. The voltage value of this signal is proportional to the real-time current output by the laser power, and the MCU2 control system converts this voltage signal into digital quantity through the analog-to-digital conversion module, and then calculates the real-time current value according to the conversion coefficient of the current detection sensor, which is the data corresponding to the real-time current monitoring signal. The pulse width monitoring signal comes from the output signal of the voltage comparator. When the voltage signal output by the current detection sensor is higher than the variable voltage provided by the laser power output energy protection threshold setting module, the voltage comparator outputs high level, triggering the input capture pin of the MCU2 control system to start timing; when the voltage signal is lower than the variable voltage, the voltage comparator outputs low level, triggering the input capture pin to stop timing, and the timing time is the pulse width monitoring signal, which reflects the duration of the laser power output current (i.e. the light emitting pulse width of the laser).

[0069] It should be understood that the introduction of the fixed voltage is based on the characteristic of constant working voltage of the laser, avoiding the complexity of real-time voltage detection; the real-time current monitoring signal directly reflects the output current of the laser power, which is one of the key parameters for energy calculation; the pulse width monitoring signal reflects the light emitting time of the laser, which is another key parameter for energy calculation. After receiving the real-time current monitoring signal and the pulse width monitoring signal, the MCU2 control system performs multiplication operation according to the above formula to obtain the actual energy value of the laser power output.

[0070] Further, the MCU2 control system compares the actual energy value with the preset energy threshold value (adjusted by the laser power output energy protection threshold setting module), and if the actual energy exceeds the preset threshold value by ±10%, an alarm signal is triggered and the laser power output is turned off. The advantage of the calculation method of this embodiment is that the calculation is simplified by fixing the voltage, and the accuracy and real-time performance of the actual energy calculation are ensured by using real-time current and pulse width monitoring signals.

[0071] Embodiment Ten: In order to refine the setting method of the laser power output energy protection threshold value and the generation process of the pulse width monitoring signal, this embodiment further specifies the specific implementation and signal interaction logic of the laser power output energy protection threshold setting module.

[0072] The function of the laser power output energy protection threshold setting module is to set a variable voltage through DAC conversion, which is used as the reference voltage of the voltage comparator for extracting the pulse width monitoring signal. Specifically, the MCU2 control system generates a corresponding DAC control signal according to the treatment mode or energy parameters set by the user through the display screen, which is transmitted to the DAC conversion circuit. The DAC conversion circuit converts the digital DAC control signal into an analog variable voltage.

[0073] Further, the variable voltage is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator as the reference voltage, while the inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator receives the voltage signal output by the current detection sensor (reflecting the output current of the laser power supply). When the output current of the laser power supply increases, causing the voltage signal output by the current detection sensor to be higher than the variable voltage, the voltage at the non-inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator is higher than that at the inverting input terminal, outputting a high-level signal; when the output current of the laser power supply decreases, the voltage signal output by the current detection sensor is lower than the variable voltage, the voltage at the inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator is higher than that at the non-inverting input terminal, outputting a low-level signal.

[0074] Further, the high and low level signals output by the voltage comparator are transmitted to the input capture pin of the MCU2 control system, which has rising and falling edge triggering functions: when a rising edge of high level is detected, the input capture pin starts timing; when a falling edge of low level is detected, the input capture pin stops timing, and the time difference of timing is the pulse width time of the output current of the laser power supply (i.e. the light output pulse width of the laser).

[0075] It should be understood that the function of the DAC conversion circuit is to convert the digital instructions of the MCU2 control system into analog voltage, realizing flexible adjustment of the preset energy threshold value; the non-inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator is connected to the variable voltage, ensuring the stability and response speed of the threshold comparison; and the timing function of the input capture pin realizes accurate measurement of the pulse width time.

[0076] The logic of the embodiment is that by adjusting the size of the variable voltage, the trigger threshold of the voltage comparator can be changed, and then the preset energy protection threshold is adjusted, that is, when the variable voltage increases, a larger current is needed to trigger the voltage comparator to output a high level, and the corresponding preset energy threshold increases; when the variable voltage decreases, a smaller current can trigger a high level, and the corresponding preset energy threshold decreases. At the same time, the generation process of the pulse width monitoring signal is directly related to the variable voltage, which ensures the accuracy and consistency of the pulse width measurement. Through the embodiment, the laser power output energy protection threshold setting module not only realizes the adjustment of the preset threshold, but also provides a basis for the generation of the pulse width monitoring signal, so that the MCU2 control system can accurately calculate the actual energy and realize effective monitoring and protection of the laser power output energy.

[0077] Although the present application has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the application, and these modifications and changes shall fall within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring and protecting the output energy of a semiconductor laser therapy device, characterized in that the steps include... include: Obtain the preset operating parameters of the semiconductor laser therapy device, wherein the preset operating parameters include preset current, preset pulse width, and preset energy threshold; Real-time acquisition of current and pulse width signals output by the laser power supply; The actual energy output by the laser power supply is calculated based on the current signal and the pulse width signal. The actual energy is compared with the preset energy threshold. If the actual energy exceeds the preset energy threshold, the laser power supply output is turned off and an alarm message is sent.

2. The method for monitoring and protecting the output energy of a semiconductor laser therapy device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for real-time acquisition of the current signal and pulse width signal output by the laser power supply include: The current output by the laser power supply is detected by a current detection sensor. The voltage signal output by the current detection sensor is processed by a voltage follower and then transmitted to the MCU2 monitoring and protection circuit. The MCU2 monitoring and protection circuit converts the voltage signal into a digital quantity through ADC conversion to obtain the current signal. The voltage signal output by the current detection sensor is compared with the variable voltage converted by the DAC by a voltage comparator. When the voltage signal is higher than the variable voltage, the input capture pin of the MCU2 monitoring and protection circuit is triggered to time and obtain the count value corresponding to the pulse width signal. The count value is processed to obtain the pulse width time output by the laser power supply.

3. The method for monitoring and protecting the output energy of a semiconductor laser therapy device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of comparing the actual energy with the preset energy threshold includes: when the MCU2 monitoring and protection circuit detects that the actual energy output by the laser power supply exceeds the preset energy threshold, the MCU2 control system sends a shutdown signal to the power switch control port of the laser power supply. After receiving the shutdown signal, the laser power supply stops outputting energy. At the same time, the MCU2 control system sends an alarm message to the host computer through the RS232 serial port. The host computer transmits the alarm message to the display screen, and the display screen displays the alarm message and the actual collected current signal and pulse width signal.

4. The method for monitoring and protecting the output energy of a semiconductor laser therapy device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The system receives preset operating parameters input by the user through a display screen, which is connected to the MCU1 control circuit and the MCU2 monitoring and protection circuit to transmit the preset operating parameters.

5. A monitoring and protection system for the output energy of a semiconductor laser therapy device, used to implement the monitoring and protection method for the output energy of a semiconductor laser therapy device as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, include: The display screen is used to receive operating parameters input by the user and display alarm information. The display screen is connected to the MCU1 control circuit and the MCU2 monitoring and protection circuit respectively. The DC power supply system, cooling system, sensor, and laser output handle, which are respectively connected to the control circuit of the MCU1, are used to control the normal operation of the system. A laser power supply is used to provide energy to the laser output handle. The laser power supply has a power switch control port. The laser power supply, sensor and DC power system are respectively connected to the MCU2 monitoring and protection circuit for monitoring the energy output by the laser power supply and triggering protection. The sensor includes a current detection sensor, which is connected to the monitoring and protection circuit of MCU2. The laser output handle is connected to the laser power supply, the control circuit of MCU1, and the monitoring and protection circuit of MCU2.

6. The monitoring and protection system for the output energy of the semiconductor laser therapy device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The sensors also include a handle temperature sensor, a water tank temperature sensor, a flow meter, and a water level sensor. The handle temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the laser output handle, the water tank temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the water tank in the refrigeration system, the flow meter is used to detect the flow rate of the refrigeration system, and the water level sensor is used to detect the water level of the refrigeration system. The handle temperature sensor, the water tank temperature sensor, the flow meter, and the water level sensor are all connected to the MCU1 control circuit.

7. The monitoring and protection system for the output energy of the semiconductor laser therapy device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The MCU1 control circuit and the MCU2 monitoring and protection circuit are each independently powered by the DC power system. The DC power system provides a first DC voltage to the MCU1 control circuit and a second DC voltage to the MCU2 monitoring and protection circuit, so as to avoid losing control of the laser power supply in the event of a single fault.

8. The monitoring and protection system for the output energy of the semiconductor laser therapy device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The MCU2 monitoring and protection circuit includes: A current sensing sensor is used to detect the current output by the laser power supply and output a corresponding voltage signal. A voltage follower is used to buffer and isolate the voltage signal and output a real-time current monitoring signal. A voltage comparator is used to compare the voltage signal with the variable voltage converted by the DAC and output a pulse width monitoring signal. The MCU2 control system is used to receive the real-time current monitoring signal and the pulse width monitoring signal, calculate the actual energy output by the laser power supply, and compare the actual energy with a preset energy threshold. The laser power supply output energy protection threshold setting module is used to set the variable voltage through DAC conversion to adjust the preset energy threshold.

9. The monitoring and protection system for the output energy of the semiconductor laser therapy device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the actual energy in the MCU2 control system is as follows: Actual energy = fixed voltage × real-time current monitoring signal × pulse width monitoring signal, where the fixed voltage is the operating voltage of the laser, the real-time current monitoring signal is the current value corresponding to the voltage signal output by the voltage follower, and the pulse width monitoring signal is the time corresponding to the high-level signal output by the voltage comparator.

10. The monitoring and protection system for the output energy of the semiconductor laser therapy device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The laser power supply output energy protection threshold setting module generates a DAC control signal through the MCU2 control system. The DAC control signal is converted into a variable voltage by the DAC conversion circuit. The variable voltage serves as the reference voltage for the non-inverting input of the voltage comparator. When the voltage signal output by the current detection sensor is higher than the variable voltage, the voltage comparator outputs a high level, triggering the input capture pin of the MCU2 control system to start timing. When the voltage signal is lower than the variable voltage, the voltage comparator outputs a low level, triggering the input capture pin to stop timing. The timing time of the input capture pin is the pulse width time of the laser power supply output.

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