High beam turn-off reminding method and vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a high beam turn-off reminding method and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of vehicles. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a plurality of target images containing rear vehicles in a preset time period; according to the multiple target images, light information of a rear vehicle and the distance between the vehicle and the rear vehicle are determined; the light information comprises the brightness, the area and the color temperature of a light spot formed by light emitted by the rear vehicle in the target image; according to the brightness, the area and the color temperature of the light spots, whether a high beam of a rear vehicle is turned on is determined; if it is determined that the high beam of the rear vehicle is turned on, determining a corresponding risk level when the high beam of the rear vehicle is turned on according to the brightness, the area and the distance of the light spots; and reminding the rear vehicle according to the risk level. According to the embodiment of the invention, the accuracy of identifying that the rear vehicle turns on the high beam is improved, so that the accuracy of reminding triggering is improved. In addition, the accuracy of the risk level is improved, and the reminding effectiveness and the reminding effect are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vehicles, and particularly relates to a high beam closing reminding method and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous improvement of people's travel demand, the automobile has become the first choice of most people to go out. However, when driving at night, traffic accidents caused by the dazzling of the front vehicle driver due to the misuse of the high beam of the rear vehicle frequently occur.

[0003] In the related art, the driver of the front vehicle can remind the rear vehicle by means of tapping the brake, flashing the double flash or turning on the rear fog lamp. However, the reminding effect of this reminding method is poor, and the rear vehicle often fails to notice in time. SUMMARY

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a high beam closing reminding method and a vehicle, so as to realize the effect of reminding the rear vehicle to close the high beam in time.

[0005] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a high beam closing reminding method, comprising: obtaining a plurality of target images containing a rear vehicle in a preset time period; determining the light information of the rear vehicle and the distance between the ego vehicle and the rear vehicle according to the plurality of target images; the light information includes the brightness, area and color temperature of the light spot formed by the light emitted by the rear vehicle in the target image; determining whether the rear vehicle turns on the high beam according to the brightness, area and color temperature of the light spot; if it is determined that the rear vehicle turns on the high beam, determining the risk level corresponding to the turning on of the high beam of the rear vehicle according to the brightness, area and distance of the light spot; reminding the rear vehicle according to the risk level.

[0006] Based on the aforementioned technical content, this application embodiment acquires multiple images containing images of vehicles behind, extracting light information and the distance between the vehicle and the following vehicles. The light information includes the brightness, area, and color temperature of the light spot formed by the lights emitted by the following vehicles in the target image. Since the light spots formed by high beams and other types of light sources differ in characteristics such as brightness, area, and color temperature, determining whether a following vehicle has its high beams on based on the brightness, area, and color temperature of the light spot in the target image can eliminate interference from other types of light sources, improving the accuracy of identifying whether a following vehicle has its high beams on, and thus improving the accuracy of alert triggering. After determining that a following vehicle has its high beams on, the risk level corresponding to the high beams being on is determined based on the brightness, area, and distance between the vehicle and the following vehicle. Here, the brightness of the light spot directly reflects the luminous intensity of the high beam; the higher the brightness, the stronger the interference with the driver and the higher the risk of glare. The area of ​​the light spot directly reflects the illumination range of the high beam; the larger the area, the wider the driver's field of vision is covered by the strong light, and the higher the risk of glare. The distance between the vehicle and the vehicles behind directly reflects the attenuation of the high beam transmission. Therefore, combining the brightness, area, and distance of the light spot to determine the risk level effectively improves the accuracy of the risk level assessment. Classifying and reminding vehicles behind based on the risk level achieves a precise match between the risk level and the intensity of the reminder, avoiding insufficient reminders in high-risk scenarios or excessive reminders in low-risk scenarios, thus improving the effectiveness and impact of the reminder. Furthermore, this embodiment can automatically complete the high beam recognition and risk level determination without driver intervention, avoiding manual operation that interferes with driving safety, improving driving safety, and ensuring the timeliness of reminder triggering.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the risk level corresponding to the high beams of a following vehicle being turned on is determined based on the brightness, area, and distance of the light spot, including: Determine the corresponding light intensity based on the brightness and area of ​​the light spot; The corresponding risk level is determined based on the distance, light intensity, and duration of continuous use of high beams.

[0008] In this embodiment, the risk level is determined based on multiple dimensions such as the distance between the vehicle and the vehicle behind, the light intensity, and the duration of continuous high beam operation. This makes the risk level determination more consistent with actual driving scenarios and improves the accuracy of risk level determination.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the corresponding risk level is determined based on distance, light intensity, and the duration of continuous high beam operation, including: Obtain the preset risk level conditions; The corresponding risk level is determined based on the distance, light intensity, duration of continuous use of high beams, and risk level conditions. Among the risk level conditions, the risk level is negatively correlated with the distance between the vehicle and the vehicles behind it, positively correlated with the light intensity, and positively correlated with the duration of continuous use of high beams.

[0010] Here, the risk level is clearly defined as negatively correlated with the distance between the vehicle and the vehicles behind, positively correlated with the light intensity, and positively correlated with the duration of continuous use of high beams. This provides a clear and unified basis for risk level classification, improving the accuracy and universality of risk level determination.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the risk levels include no risk, low risk, medium risk, and high risk; Based on distance, light intensity, duration of continuous high beam operation, and risk level conditions, the corresponding risk level is determined, including: If at least one of the following conditions is met: the distance is greater than the first distance threshold, the duration of continuous use of high beams is less than the first duration threshold, and the light intensity is less than the first intensity threshold, then the corresponding risk level is determined to be no risk. If the distance is less than the first distance threshold but greater than the second distance threshold, the light intensity is greater than the first intensity threshold but less than the second intensity threshold, and the duration of continuous use of high beams is greater than the second duration threshold, then the corresponding risk level is determined to be low risk; the second duration threshold is greater than the first duration threshold. If the distance is less than the second distance threshold but greater than the third distance threshold, the light intensity is greater than the second intensity threshold but less than the third intensity threshold, and the duration of continuous use of high beams is greater than the third duration threshold, then the corresponding risk level is determined to be medium risk; the third duration threshold is greater than the second duration threshold. If the distance is less than the third distance threshold but greater than the fourth distance threshold, the light intensity is greater than the third intensity threshold, and the duration of continuous use of high beams is greater than the fourth duration threshold, then the corresponding risk level is determined to be high risk; the fourth duration threshold is greater than the first duration threshold.

[0012] The risk levels include no risk, low risk, medium risk, and high risk. Each risk level has a corresponding distance threshold, intensity threshold, and duration threshold. Therefore, by using multiple preset thresholds, the risk level corresponding to the current distance, light intensity, and duration of high beams can be determined, improving the accuracy and efficiency of risk level determination.

[0013] In one possible implementation, warnings are given to vehicles behind based on risk level, including: Based on the risk level, determine the controllable warning components and their operating methods; the controllable warning components include at least one of the vehicle's display components, projection devices, and taillights, with the projection devices located at the rear of the vehicle; The control alert component operates based on its working mode to alert vehicles behind.

[0014] This application embodiment determines the controllable reminder component and its operating mode corresponding to the risk level, and controls the controllable reminder component to operate based on the operating mode, thereby realizing graded reminders for vehicles behind. This ensures that the reminder method matches the actual risk level, avoiding excessive reminders that interfere with vehicles behind in low-risk scenarios, and preventing insufficient reminders in high-risk scenarios that prevent vehicles behind from turning off their high beams in time, thus improving driving safety.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the risk levels include low risk, medium risk, and high risk; Based on the risk level, determine the components to be controlled as well as their operating methods, including: If the risk level is low, then the component to be controlled is determined to be a display component, and its working mode is to display the first reminder information; If the risk level is medium risk, the component to be controlled is determined to be a projection device. The working mode is to control the projection device to start, project the second reminder information onto the ground at the rear of the vehicle, and control the projection device to turn off after the first projection duration. If the risk level is high, the components to be controlled are the taillights and the projection device. The operation mode is to control the taillights to flash and control the projection device to start, so as to project a third reminder message onto the ground behind the vehicle, until the vehicle behind turns off its high beams or the distance between the vehicle and the vehicle behind is greater than the third distance threshold, at which point the projection device is turned off.

[0016] Based on the aforementioned technology, the combination of controllable warning components and their operating modes differs for different risk levels, enabling tiered warnings to vehicles behind. The higher the risk level, the stronger the warning intensity from the combination of controllable warning components and their operating modes, achieving a precise match between warning intensity and risk level, thus improving driving safety. Furthermore, warnings to vehicles behind via projection are intuitive and clear, avoiding misunderstandings caused by flashing lights. This non-aggressive approach, without relying on sudden braking or honking, provides a non-confrontational warning, aligning with civilized driving principles.

[0017] In one possible implementation, before alerting vehicles behind based on risk level, the following is also included: Obtain personalized sensitivity levels; The risk level is adjusted based on the individual sensitivity level.

[0018] In this embodiment, the risk level is adjusted by a personalized sensitivity level, and the vehicle behind is alerted based on the adjusted risk level. This better meets the user's personalized needs and helps to improve the user experience.

[0019] In one possible implementation, determining whether a following vehicle should turn on its high beams is based on the brightness, area, and color temperature of the light spot, including: Obtain the preset brightness threshold and preset area threshold corresponding to the distance; If the brightness of the light spot is greater than the preset brightness threshold, the area of ​​the light spot is greater than the preset area threshold, and the color temperature is greater than the preset color temperature threshold, then the high beams of the vehicle behind will be turned on.

[0020] Here, preset brightness and area thresholds corresponding to the current distance are obtained, eliminating the influence of distance on the brightness and area of ​​the light spot. Then, by using parameters such as the brightness, area, and color temperature of the light spot, it is determined whether the high beams of the vehicle behind are on. This reduces interference from other types of lights, improves the accuracy of determining whether the high beams of the vehicle behind are on, and thus effectively reduces the false trigger rate of the alert.

[0021] In one possible implementation, based on multiple target images, the following steps are taken to determine the headlight information of vehicles behind and the distance between the vehicle and the vehicles behind: Obtain the grayscale value of each pixel in the target image, and determine the headlight information of the vehicle behind based on the grayscale value of each pixel. Detect the target image and determine the bounding box of the region containing the vehicle behind it in the target image; Obtain the ordinate corresponding to the bottom edge of the region's bounding box, and determine the distance between your vehicle and the vehicles behind you based on the ordinate.

[0022] Here, the lighting information of the vehicle behind is determined based on the grayscale value of each pixel in the target image. The distance between the vehicle and the vehicle behind can be determined by the vertical coordinate corresponding to the bottom edge of the region bounding box. This embodiment can be achieved by relying only on the vehicle's existing onboard camera without adding any additional hardware, and the amount of computation is small, so as to meet the real-time requirements of driving scenarios.

[0023] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a high beam off reminder device, comprising: The acquisition module is used to acquire multiple target images containing vehicles behind within a preset time period; The processing module is used to determine the headlight information of the vehicle behind and the distance between the vehicle and the vehicle behind based on multiple target images; the headlight information includes the brightness, area and color temperature of the light spots formed by the headlights emitted by the vehicle behind in the target image; The processing module is also used to determine whether vehicles behind should turn on their high beams based on the brightness, area, and color temperature of the light spot. The processing module is also used to determine the risk level corresponding to the high beams of the vehicle behind being turned on, based on the brightness, area and distance of the light spot, if it is determined that the vehicle behind is turning on its high beams. The alert module is used to alert vehicles behind based on the risk level.

[0024] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a vehicle including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program that can run on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the high beam off reminder method as described in any of the first aspects.

[0025] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the high beam off reminder method as described in any of the first aspects.

[0026] It is understood that the beneficial effects of the second to fourth aspects mentioned above can be found in the relevant descriptions in the first aspect mentioned above, and will not be repeated here.

[0027] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this specification. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an application scenario provided by an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for reminding users to turn off high beams according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a high beam off reminder method provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high beam off reminder device provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present application will be described more clearly below with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the function of the present application, but do not limit the present application in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present application. These all fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0031] It should be understood that, when used in this application specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or a collection thereof.

[0032] It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0033] In the description of this application and the appended claims, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0035] Furthermore, the term "multiple" mentioned in the embodiments of this application should be interpreted as two or more.

[0036] Because of the low brightness at night, when vehicles behind turn on their high beams, the strong beams can dazzle the driver of the vehicle in front, causing blurred vision and making it difficult for them to clearly identify road markings, obstacles, and pedestrians, thus increasing the probability of traffic accidents.

[0037] In one related technology, the driver of the vehicle ahead can alert the vehicle behind by tapping the brakes, flashing hazard lights, or turning on rear fog lights. However, this method of alerting is not very effective, and the vehicle behind often fails to notice in time. In addition, the above methods rely on the driver's subjective judgment, which can easily lead to misjudgment or escalate conflicts.

[0038] In another related technology, the vehicle in front can reduce the impact by adjusting the anti-glare rearview mirror or accelerating to avoid the violation, but it cannot effectively correct the violation.

[0039] In another related technology, some vehicle models are equipped with an Adaptive Driving Beam (ADB) system. This system can automatically adjust the high beam illumination area to avoid illuminating oncoming vehicles, but it mainly targets the front lighting and cannot remind vehicles behind that have turned on their high beams.

[0040] Another related technology utilizes light sensors and vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication for high beam control, but V2X coverage is low, limiting its practical application. Alternatively, adaptive headlight adjustment based on environmental perception can be implemented, but this also fails to alert vehicles behind that have their high beams on.

[0041] In another related technology, when it is determined that a vehicle's high beams may cause glare or discomfort to other drivers, the urgency and importance of the warning can be determined based on whether there are oncoming vehicles ahead and the distance between the vehicle and the oncoming vehicle. This allows for the selection of an appropriate warning method and level to remind the driver to turn off the high beams and avoid affecting other drivers. However, this technology can only remind the driver of their own vehicle to turn off the high beams. It cannot effectively remind drivers behind them to turn off their high beams when their high beams are affecting them. Furthermore, because different types of high beams vary in brightness and illumination range at the same distance, the degree of glare they cause also differs. Therefore, determining the warning level solely based on the distance between the vehicle and the oncoming vehicle has low accuracy.

[0042] In another related technology, the intensity of incident light from the rearview mirror can be used to determine whether it will cause glare to the driver. If it will, the distance between the vehicle and the vehicle behind, as well as the ambient light behind the vehicle, is used to determine whether the vehicle behind meets the requirements for low-beam driving. If it does, a request to turn off the high beams is sent to the vehicle behind using vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology based on the license plate number of the vehicle behind. While this technology can remind vehicles behind to turn off their high beams, it cannot determine whether the incident light intensity from the rearview mirror corresponds to the high beams of the vehicle behind. Ambient lighting such as streetlights, billboard spotlights, and road glare in rain or snow can all increase the intensity of incident light in the rearview mirror. Therefore, relying solely on the incident light intensity from the rearview mirror to determine if it will cause glare to the driver and then reminding the vehicle behind to turn off its high beams has low accuracy.

[0043] The applicant has found that, in order to ensure driving safety, it is necessary to consider a new method to remind vehicles behind to turn off their high beams.

[0044] Driven by the goal of accurately reminding vehicles behind to turn off their high beams for safe and courteous driving, this application's implementation utilizes the differences in brightness, area, and color temperature between the light spots formed by high beams and other types of light sources. Therefore, it determines whether a vehicle behind is using its high beams based on these characteristics, eliminating interference from other light sources and improving the accuracy of identifying vehicles with high beams on. This enhances the accuracy of triggering the reminder. Once it's determined that a vehicle behind is using its high beams, a reminder can be sent. However, to avoid insufficient reminders in high-risk scenarios or excessive reminders in low-risk scenarios, a risk level can be further determined, allowing for tiered reminders to vehicles behind based on the risk level. Since the brightness of the light spot directly reflects the luminous intensity of the high beam, the area of ​​the light spot directly reflects the illumination range of the high beam, and the distance between the vehicle and the vehicle behind directly reflects the attenuation of the high beam transmission, the risk level can be determined by combining the brightness, area, and distance of the light spot. This can effectively improve the accuracy of the risk level, thereby enhancing the effectiveness and impact of the warning.

[0045] First refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 The illustration shows an application scenario diagram provided according to an embodiment of the present application, which involves a processing unit, an image acquisition unit, and a reminder unit.

[0046] The image acquisition unit is used to acquire target images, including those of vehicles behind. The image acquisition unit can be a vehicle-mounted camera or other image acquisition device.

[0047] The processing unit can determine whether the vehicle behind has its high beams on based on the target image, and after determining that the vehicle behind has its high beams on, it can further determine the corresponding risk level, and control the reminder unit to give the vehicle behind a corresponding reminder based on the risk level.

[0048] Here, the notification unit includes, but is not limited to, the vehicle's display components, taillights, or projection devices.

[0049] The processing unit may include the vehicle's host computer or microcontroller unit (MCU), which can execute the high beam turn-off reminder method provided in the exemplary embodiments of this application on the vehicle's host computer or microcontroller unit.

[0050] The vehicle's main unit or microcontroller may include multiple interfaces. Among these, a Controller Area Network with Flexible Data-Rate (CAN FD) interface is used to connect to the vehicle network and acquire vehicle speed, gear position, and braking signals. A Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface is used to connect cameras. General-Purpose Input / Output (GPIO) and Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal output functions are used to control the switching and brightness of projection equipment. A Universal Asynchronous Receiver / Transmitter (UART) / Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C) interface is used for debugging and sensor expansion.

[0051] The vehicle's host can execute the high beam off reminder method of this embodiment through a system on chip (SoC). Its computing power can be greater than or equal to 2 TOPS INT8 to achieve real-time processing. It can adopt a Linux operating system combined with a robot operating system (ROS) software framework, or adopt an AUTomotive Open System Architecture Adaptive Platform (AUTOSARAdaptive).

[0052] It should be noted that the high beam turn-off reminder method provided according to the exemplary embodiments of this application can be executed on the same device or on different devices.

[0053] The following is combined with Figure 1 Application scenarios, refer to Figures 2-3 This application describes a method for reminding users to turn off high beams according to exemplary embodiments. It should be noted that the above application scenarios are shown only to facilitate understanding of the spirit and principles of this application, and the embodiments of this application are not limited in any way. Rather, the embodiments of this application can be applied to any applicable scenario.

[0054] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for reminding users to turn off high beams according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 As shown, the method in the embodiments of this application may include: Step 201: Obtain multiple target images containing vehicles behind within a preset time period.

[0055] Since the interference from high beams of vehicles behind is generally less severe when ambient light is strong, vehicles behind can be reminded to turn off their high beams only during preset time periods when ambient light is weak. In one implementation scenario, the preset time period can be nighttime, such as 6:00 PM to 7:00 AM. The specific time period can be set by the user or automatically adjusted according to the current season, etc., and this application does not limit it in this respect.

[0056] In another implementation scenario, an ambient light sensor can be set to detect the intensity of the surrounding ambient light. When the ambient light intensity is less than a preset intensity threshold, the high beam off reminder method provided in this application embodiment is executed. The preset intensity threshold can be set according to actual needs, such as 10 lux or 50 lux.

[0057] Optionally, the image acquisition unit can acquire target images containing rear vehicles at preset time intervals. The image acquisition unit can be located at the rear of the vehicle or in the rearview mirror area; specifically, it can be located in the middle of the rear bumper, below the high-mounted brake light, or at the integration of the rear license plate light.

[0058] In one implementation scenario, the image acquisition unit can be an in-vehicle camera. The in-vehicle camera can employ a High Dynamic Range (HDR) Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor to clearly capture the position of vehicles behind in complex in-vehicle environments such as strong light and backlight.

[0059] In one implementation scenario, the resolution of the CMOS image sensor is no less than 1280×720 (720p), for example, it could be 1920×1080 (1080p) to clearly identify the outlines and light status of vehicles behind. The frame rate of the CMOS image sensor can be greater than or equal to 15fps to acquire the status of vehicles behind in a timely manner. In night mode, it can be adaptively reduced to 10fps to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. In addition, the horizontal field of view of the CMOS image sensor is 120°~180° to cover the rear area of ​​multi-lane roads.

[0060] In one implementation scenario, the CMOS image sensor can also integrate night vision functionality, supporting near-infrared enhancement or starlight-level low-light imaging. Specifically, for starlight-level low-light imaging, the minimum clear imaging illumination threshold of the CMOS image sensor can be below 0.1 lux.

[0061] In one implementation scenario, the CMOS image sensor can adopt an automotive-grade packaging design, with a protection level that meets the IP67 standard, making it dustproof and waterproof, and with a temperature range of -40℃ to +85℃.

[0062] In one possible implementation, an auxiliary light source can also be provided. Optionally, the auxiliary light source is an infrared lamp, which can be an array of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with a wavelength of 850nm. This is used for auxiliary imaging in environments with no visible light or low visible light, and will not interfere with vehicles behind.

[0063] In one implementation scenario, the auxiliary light source can be automatically turned on and off based on the ambient light intensity. For example, the auxiliary light source can be turned on when the ambient light intensity is less than a preset threshold, and turned off when the ambient light intensity is greater than the preset threshold. The preset threshold can be set according to actual needs, for example, it can be 10 lux.

[0064] Step 202: Based on multiple target images, determine the lighting information of the vehicles behind and the distance between the vehicle and the vehicles behind; the lighting information includes the brightness, area and color temperature of the light spots formed by the lights emitted by the vehicles behind in the target images.

[0065] In one possible implementation, an image recognition algorithm can be used to identify the target image and determine the headlight information of the vehicles behind and the distance between the vehicle and the vehicles behind.

[0066] In another implementation scenario, multiple target images can be input into a trained image detection model to output lighting information and the distance between the vehicle and the vehicles behind it.

[0067] The object detection model can be a lightweight YOLOv5s, YOLOv8n, a lightweight convolutional neural network (CNN) model, or a mobile convolutional neural network - single-shot multibox detector (MobileNet-SSD) model, etc.

[0068] When training an object detection model, a training dataset can be used. This training dataset can be a nighttime driving video library containing samples of high beams and low beams from different vehicle types, under different weather and lighting conditions, and labeled with vehicle location, light type, etc. Light types include, but are not limited to, high beams, low beams, fog lights, and daytime running lights.

[0069] Optionally, a light intensity detector can also be set up to detect the brightness of the beam emitted by the vehicle behind.

[0070] Alternatively, infrared sensors, millimeter-wave radar, or ultrasonic sensors can be used to obtain the distance between the vehicle and the vehicles behind, thereby improving the accuracy of the distance measurement.

[0071] Step 203: Determine whether the vehicle behind has turned on its high beams based on the brightness, area, and color temperature of the light spot.

[0072] Different types of light sources produce light spots with varying brightness, area, and color temperature. Let's take high beams, low beams, and fog lights as examples. At the same distance, high beams are generally brighter than low beams, and low beams are brighter than fog lights. Additionally, high beams produce a larger light spot area than low beams.

[0073] Regarding color temperature, high beams typically have a higher color temperature, between 5000K and 6000K, producing a cool white light. Low beams, on the other hand, have a lower color temperature, usually between 3000K and 4000K, producing a warm yellow light. Fog lights typically have a color temperature between 2700K and 3500K, producing a warm yellow light. Therefore, by controlling the brightness, area, and color temperature of the light spot, fog lights can effectively filter out interfering light sources such as low beams and fog lights, improving the accuracy of determining whether the high beams of vehicles behind are on.

[0074] In one possible implementation, the determination of when a vehicle behind turns on its high beams can be based on preset brightness thresholds, preset area thresholds, and preset color temperature thresholds, according to the brightness, area, and color temperature of the light spot.

[0075] Step 204: If it is determined that the vehicle behind has turned on its high beams, then determine the risk level corresponding to the high beams of the vehicle behind being turned on based on the brightness, area and distance of the light spot.

[0076] Risk levels can be categorized into several levels, including no risk, low risk, medium risk, and high risk. The higher the risk level, the greater the interference from the high beams of vehicles behind you with your driver's vision.

[0077] Generally, the greater the distance between your vehicle and the vehicle behind you, the weaker the intensity of the high beams from the vehicle behind you, the less interference it will cause to your driver, and the lower the corresponding risk level.

[0078] The brighter and larger the light spot formed by the headlights of vehicles behind, the greater the impact on the driver of the vehicle behind, and the higher the corresponding risk level.

[0079] Optionally, when determining the risk level corresponding to the high beams of a vehicle behind turning on based on the brightness, area, and distance of the light spot, the current risk level can be determined based on the brightness threshold, area threshold, and distance threshold corresponding to multiple preset risk levels.

[0080] Step 205: Based on the risk level, alert vehicles behind.

[0081] When alerting vehicles behind, at least one alerting method may be used, including but not limited to visual alerts and auditory alerts. Visual alerts include, but are not limited to, light alerts and projected alert content.

[0082] The reminders include, but are not limited to, text and icons. The text can be phrases such as "Please turn off your high beams, thank you for your cooperation" or "High beams affect safety," which can be selected by the user.

[0083] In one possible implementation, different reminder methods can be used for different risk levels, and the prominence of the reminder method is positively correlated with the risk level. That is, the higher the risk level, the more conspicuous the reminder method, so that drivers of vehicles behind can quickly identify high-risk situations and reduce safety hazards.

[0084] Here, the prominence of the reminder can be enhanced by bolding the font or icon, controlling the font or icon to flash dynamically at a certain frequency, or adding a red border, etc. This application does not limit the methods for enhancing the prominence of the reminder.

[0085] In some embodiments, this application supports Over-the-Air (OTA) technology to enable remote updates of the target detection model and the projected content.

[0086] It should be noted that, to protect user privacy, all the target image data mentioned above is processed locally and is neither stored nor uploaded to the cloud. Additionally, a privacy mode can be set to manually or automatically disable the image capture function.

[0087] In this embodiment, multiple images containing images of vehicles behind are acquired, and lighting information and the distance between the vehicle and the following vehicles are extracted. The lighting information includes the brightness, area, and color temperature of the light spot formed by the lights emitted by the following vehicles in the target image. Since the light spots formed by high beams and other types of light sources differ in characteristics such as brightness, area, and color temperature, determining whether a following vehicle has its high beams on based on the brightness, area, and color temperature of the light spot in the target image can eliminate interference from other types of light sources, improving the accuracy of identifying whether a following vehicle has its high beams on, and thus improving the accuracy of alert triggering. After determining that a following vehicle has its high beams on, the risk level corresponding to the high beams being on is determined based on the brightness, area, and distance between the vehicle and the following vehicles. Here, the brightness of the light spot directly reflects the luminous intensity of the high beam; the higher the brightness, the stronger the interference with the driver and the higher the risk of glare. The area of ​​the light spot directly reflects the illumination range of the high beam; the larger the area, the wider the driver's field of vision is covered by the strong light, and the higher the risk of glare. The distance between the vehicle and the vehicles behind directly reflects the attenuation of the high beam transmission. Therefore, combining the brightness, area, and distance of the light spot to determine the risk level effectively improves the accuracy of the risk level assessment. Classifying and reminding vehicles behind based on the risk level achieves a precise match between the risk level and the intensity of the reminder, avoiding insufficient reminders in high-risk scenarios or excessive reminders in low-risk scenarios, thus improving the effectiveness and impact of the reminder. Furthermore, this embodiment can automatically complete the high beam recognition and risk level determination without driver intervention, avoiding manual operation that interferes with driving safety, improving driving safety, and ensuring the timeliness of reminder triggering.

[0088] In addition, in determining the risk level corresponding to the high beams of the following vehicle being turned on based on the brightness, area, and distance of the light spot, this application embodiment also needs to consider how to improve the accuracy of determining the risk level, and how to set the reminder method when reminding the following vehicle based on the risk level, so that the reminder intensity gradually increases as the risk level increases, so that the reminder method matches the actual risk level, avoiding excessive reminders that interfere with the following vehicle in low-risk scenarios, and also preventing the problem of insufficient reminders in high-risk scenarios that prevent the following vehicle from turning off its high beams in time. Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a high beam off reminder method according to another embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the method includes: Step 301: Obtain multiple target images containing vehicles behind within a preset time period.

[0089] For the implementation of step 301, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 The relevant descriptions in the embodiments will not be repeated here.

[0090] Step 302: Obtain the grayscale value of each pixel in the target image, and determine the lighting information of the vehicle behind based on the grayscale value of each pixel; the lighting information includes the brightness, area and color temperature of the light spot formed by the light emitted by the vehicle behind in the target image.

[0091] In one possible implementation, when determining the headlight information of a vehicle behind based on the grayscale value of each pixel, target pixels with grayscale values ​​greater than a preset grayscale value can be identified. The brightness of the light spot is determined based on the grayscale value of the target pixels, and the area of ​​the light spot is determined based on the position of the target pixels. The brightness of the light spot can be the average grayscale value of the target pixels, or the brightness corresponding to the average grayscale value of the target pixels can be determined based on a preset mapping relationship between pixel grayscale values ​​and brightness.

[0092] Optionally, the color temperature can be determined by the ratio of the RGB channels. For high beams, the color temperature is usually greater than 5000K, resulting in a cool white color.

[0093] Step 303: Detect the target image and determine the bounding box of the area of ​​the vehicle behind in the target image; obtain the ordinate corresponding to the bottom edge of the bounding box of the area, and determine the distance between the vehicle and the vehicle behind based on the ordinate.

[0094] Alternatively, the bounding boxes of the rear vehicles in the target image can be detected using algorithms such as YOLO or machine vision methods.

[0095] The closer the vehicle is to the vehicle behind it, the lower the vehicle appears in the target image, and the larger its vertical coordinate. Optionally, the distance between the vehicle and the vehicle behind it can be determined based on a monocular vision scale estimation algorithm.

[0096] In one implementation scenario, when determining the distance between a vehicle and a vehicle behind it using a scale estimation algorithm based on monocular vision, the principle of similar triangles can be utilized. This involves combining the parameters of the image acquisition unit and the position of the vehicle behind it in the target image to determine the distance. One calculation method is shown below:

[0097] In the above formula, D represents the distance between the vehicle and the vehicle behind it, h is the installation height of the image acquisition unit, f is the focal length of the image acquisition unit (in pixels), and y0 is the coordinates of the horizon or the offset of the image center, which can be determined through calibration. bottom This is the ordinate corresponding to the bottom edge of the region's bounding box.

[0098] In some embodiments, the distance corresponding to each frame can be determined based on the target image of multiple consecutive frames, and the average distance can be determined based on the distance corresponding to each frame. This average distance is used as the distance between the vehicle and the vehicle behind it, avoiding sudden changes in the distance between the vehicle and the vehicle behind it, and ensuring the stability and reliability of the distance.

[0099] In another implementation scenario, the distance corresponding to the ordinate of the bottom edge of the current region's bounding box can be obtained by looking up a pre-set linear or non-linear mapping table.

[0100] In another implementation scenario, when determining the distance between a vehicle and vehicles behind it using a scale estimation algorithm based on monocular vision, the distance between the vehicle's headlights can be introduced as prior information.

[0101] In some embodiments, the scale estimation algorithm based on monocular vision can determine a distance range of 10~100m. In one implementation scenario, if the measured distance is greater than 100m, it can be considered invalid. In another implementation scenario, if the measured distance is less than 10m, the upper limit of the distance can be forced to 10m to avoid overexposure of the camera due to strong light, which would cause a large deviation between the measured distance and the actual distance.

[0102] Here, the lighting information of the vehicle behind is determined based on the grayscale value of each pixel in the target image. The distance between the vehicle and the vehicle behind can be determined by the vertical coordinate corresponding to the bottom edge of the region bounding box. This embodiment can be achieved by relying only on the vehicle's existing onboard camera without adding any additional hardware, and the amount of computation is small, so as to meet the real-time requirements of driving scenarios.

[0103] Step 304: Obtain the preset brightness threshold and preset area threshold corresponding to the distance; if the brightness of the light spot is greater than the preset brightness threshold, the area of ​​the light spot is greater than the preset area threshold, and the color temperature is greater than the preset color temperature threshold, then determine that the high beams of the vehicle behind are turned on.

[0104] Since the brightness and area of ​​the light spot change with distance, in order to eliminate the influence of distance on the brightness and area of ​​the light spot, it is necessary to obtain the preset brightness threshold and preset area threshold corresponding to the current distance, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of determining whether the high beams of the vehicles behind are turned on.

[0105] In another implementation scenario, if the brightness of the light spot is less than a preset brightness threshold, or the area of ​​the light spot is less than a preset area threshold, or the color temperature is less than a preset color temperature threshold, it can be determined that the vehicle behind is not using high beams.

[0106] Here, preset brightness and area thresholds corresponding to the current distance are obtained, eliminating the influence of distance on the brightness and area of ​​the light spot. Then, by using parameters such as the brightness, area, and color temperature of the light spot, it is determined whether the high beams of the vehicle behind are on. This reduces interference from other types of lights, improves the accuracy of determining whether the high beams of the vehicle behind are on, and thus effectively reduces the false trigger rate of the alert.

[0107] Step 305: Determine the corresponding light intensity based on the brightness and area of ​​the light spot; determine the corresponding risk level based on the distance, light intensity, and duration of continuous operation of the high beams.

[0108] The duration of continuous high beam use can be timed from the moment the high beams of the vehicle behind is detected to have been turned on, and the unit is seconds. The longer the high beams are continuously on, the greater the interference to the driver of the vehicle behind.

[0109] Illumination intensity is used to characterize glare intensity; the stronger the illumination intensity, the greater the interference to the driver of the vehicle. Optionally, the corresponding illumination intensity can be determined based on multiple preset brightness thresholds and area thresholds.

[0110] For example, if the brightness of the light spot is less than the first brightness threshold, that is, there are no significant bright spots in the target image, it indicates that the vehicle behind is not using its high beams or that the light emitted by the vehicle behind is blocked by other objects. In this case, the corresponding light intensity can be the first light intensity.

[0111] If the light spot is a small, weak light spot, its brightness is greater than the first brightness threshold and less than the second brightness threshold, and its area is less than the first area threshold, it indicates that the vehicle behind has turned on its low beam headlights or the light is reflected by other objects. At this time, the corresponding light intensity can be the second light intensity.

[0112] If the light spot is a white light spot of medium size, its brightness is greater than the second brightness threshold and less than the third brightness threshold, and its area is greater than the first area threshold and less than the second area threshold, then the vehicle behind may be using LED high beams, and the corresponding light intensity can be the third light intensity.

[0113] If the light spot is a large area of ​​bright white light, its brightness is greater than the third brightness threshold and less than the fourth brightness threshold, and its area is greater than the third area threshold and less than the fourth area threshold, then the vehicle behind may be using multi-light groups or matrix headlights, which are strong glare sources. The corresponding light intensity can be the fourth light intensity.

[0114] If the light spot is extremely bright and has a bluish-white halo, its brightness is greater than the fourth brightness threshold. At this time, the vehicle behind may have laser headlights on, which is a high-risk light source. The corresponding light intensity at this time can be the fifth light intensity.

[0115] The first, second, third, fourth, and fifth light intensities gradually increase, and the degree of interference to the driver of the vehicle also gradually increases.

[0116] In this embodiment, the risk level is determined based on multiple dimensions such as the distance between the vehicle and the vehicle behind, the light intensity, and the duration of continuous high beam operation. This makes the risk level determination more consistent with actual driving scenarios and improves the accuracy of risk level determination.

[0117] In some embodiments, determining the corresponding risk level based on distance, light intensity, and the duration of continuous high beam operation includes: obtaining preset risk level conditions; determining the corresponding risk level based on distance, light intensity, the duration of continuous high beam operation, and the risk level conditions; wherein, the risk level in the risk level conditions is negatively correlated with the distance between the vehicle and the vehicle behind, positively correlated with light intensity, and positively correlated with the duration of continuous high beam operation.

[0118] The greater the distance between your vehicle and the vehicle behind you, the weaker the intensity of the high beams from the vehicle behind, and the less interference this causes to your driver. Therefore, the risk level is negatively correlated with the distance between your vehicle and the vehicle behind you. Conversely, the stronger the light intensity and the longer the high beams are continuously on, the stronger the interference this causes to your driver. Therefore, the risk level is positively correlated with both light intensity and the duration of continuous high beam use.

[0119] Here, the risk level is clearly defined as negatively correlated with the distance between the vehicle and the vehicles behind, positively correlated with the light intensity, and positively correlated with the duration of continuous use of high beams. This provides a clear and unified basis for risk level classification, improving the accuracy and universality of risk level determination.

[0120] In some embodiments, risk levels include no risk, low risk, medium risk, and high risk; the corresponding risk level is determined based on distance, light intensity, duration of continuous high beam operation, and risk level conditions, including: If at least one of the following conditions is met: the distance is greater than the first distance threshold, the duration of continuous use of high beams is less than the first duration threshold, and the light intensity is less than the first intensity threshold, then the corresponding risk level is determined to be no risk.

[0121] If the distance is less than the first distance threshold but greater than the second distance threshold, the light intensity is greater than the first intensity threshold but less than the second intensity threshold, and the duration of continuous use of high beams is greater than the second duration threshold, then the corresponding risk level is determined to be low risk; the second duration threshold is greater than the first duration threshold.

[0122] If the distance is less than the second distance threshold but greater than the third distance threshold, the light intensity is greater than the second intensity threshold but less than the third intensity threshold, and the duration of continuous use of high beams is greater than the third duration threshold, then the corresponding risk level is determined to be medium risk; the third duration threshold is greater than the second duration threshold.

[0123] If the distance is less than the third distance threshold but greater than the fourth distance threshold, the light intensity is greater than the third intensity threshold, and the duration of continuous use of high beams is greater than the fourth duration threshold, then the corresponding risk level is determined to be high risk; the fourth duration threshold is greater than the first duration threshold.

[0124] The impact of the aforementioned no-risk, low-risk, medium-risk, and high-risk categories on drivers of self-driving vehicles increases progressively.

[0125] Among them, when the distance between the vehicle and the vehicle behind is large or the light intensity is less than the first intensity threshold, even if the vehicle behind turns on its high beams, the interference to the driver of the vehicle will be weak, so the risk level can be determined as no risk.

[0126] In addition, since drivers may accidentally turn on the high beams while driving, or turn on the high beams to observe road conditions before changing lanes, the high beams will be turned on briefly in these cases. Therefore, a small first duration threshold can be set. When the duration of continuous high beam use is less than the first duration threshold, it is determined to be risk-free.

[0127] In another implementation scenario, if it is detected that a vehicle behind is not using its high beams, the corresponding risk level can also be determined to be no risk.

[0128] Here, the first distance threshold > the second distance threshold > the third distance threshold > the fourth distance threshold; the first duration threshold < the second duration threshold < the third duration threshold; and the first intensity threshold < the second intensity threshold < the third intensity threshold. The multiple distance thresholds, intensity thresholds, and duration thresholds mentioned above can be set according to actual needs, and this application does not impose specific limitations on them. For example, the first distance threshold can be 80 meters, the second distance threshold can be 50 meters, the third distance threshold can be 20 meters, and the fourth distance threshold can be 2 meters. The first duration threshold can be 1 second, the second duration threshold can be 2 seconds, the third duration threshold can be 3 seconds, and the fourth duration threshold can be 1.5 seconds or 2 seconds, etc.

[0129] As for the fourth duration threshold, since the vehicles behind are very close to the vehicle at this time and the light intensity is very strong, even a short period of strong light can interfere with the driver's vision. Therefore, in order to improve safety, the fourth duration threshold can be set to a small value, which only needs to prevent the driver of the vehicle behind from accidentally operating or briefly turning on the high beams before changing lanes.

[0130] Here, the risk levels include no risk, low risk, medium risk, and high risk. Each risk level has a corresponding distance threshold, intensity threshold, and duration threshold. Therefore, by using multiple preset thresholds, the risk level corresponding to the current distance, light intensity, and duration of high beams can be determined, improving the accuracy and efficiency of risk level determination.

[0131] Step 306: Obtain the personalized sensitivity level; adjust the risk level according to the personalized sensitivity level.

[0132] The personalized sensitivity level indicates the driver's sensitivity to headlights. In one implementation scenario, the personalized sensitivity level can be divided into three levels: low, medium, and high. A higher personalized sensitivity level indicates that the driver is more sensitive to headlights, and may experience glare even from weak headlights. Conversely, a lower personalized sensitivity level indicates that the driver is less sensitive to headlights, and may not experience glare even from strong headlights.

[0133] Therefore, when adjusting risk levels based on personalized sensitivity levels, for example, if the personalized sensitivity level is low, the risk level can be lowered by one level, such as from high risk to medium risk. If the personalized sensitivity level is high, the risk level can be raised by one level, such as from medium risk to high risk.

[0134] In some embodiments, the personalized sensitivity level can be set by the user, or it can be determined based on the user's historical information. Here, user historical information includes, but is not limited to, records of the user manually turning off alerts, records of manually adjusting personalized sensitivity levels, and records of alert feedback to vehicles behind. Specifically, the records of alert feedback to vehicles behind indicate whether the user took any additional action after triggering the alert, such as manually flashing lights or slowing down.

[0135] Users can set personalized sensitivity levels and other information through the central control screen or a mobile application (APP).

[0136] In this embodiment, the risk level is adjusted by a personalized sensitivity level, and the vehicle behind is alerted based on the adjusted risk level. This better meets the user's personalized needs and helps to improve the user experience.

[0137] Step 307: Based on the risk level, determine the warning component to be controlled and its operating mode; the warning component to be controlled includes at least one of the vehicle's display component, projection device, and taillights, with the projection device located at the rear of the vehicle; control the warning component to operate based on its operating mode to warn vehicles behind.

[0138] The vehicle's display components can be located inside the vehicle, such as a central control screen or a head-up display (HUD). In this case, the display components can provide reminders to the driver of the vehicle.

[0139] In another implementation scenario, the display component can also be located outside the vehicle, such as on the rearview mirror, to remind the driver of the vehicle, or to remind both the driver of the vehicle and the drivers of vehicles behind.

[0140] Taillights include, but are not limited to, non-braking brake lights, rear fog lights, position lights, and turn signals.

[0141] Alternatively, the projection device can be located under the trunk or on the bumper. For example, it can be located in the center of the lower edge of the rear bumper, near the exhaust outlet, to avoid the area where mud and water splashes.

[0142] In one implementation scenario, the projection device can use an aluminum casing and integrate passive heat dissipation fins. By leveraging the high thermal conductivity of aluminum and the heat dissipation area of ​​the heat dissipation fins, efficient heat dissipation can be achieved.

[0143] Optionally, the projection device can support a mechanical angle fine-tuning of ±5°, which is calibrated at the factory to meet projection requirements under different working conditions.

[0144] In one implementation scenario, to adapt to the human eye's viewing angle, the projection area can be within a range of 3 to 8 meters above the ground, with the text height being approximately 30 to 50 centimeters. The projection brightness and contrast can be automatically adjusted based on the intensity of ambient light.

[0145] In one implementation scenario, the projection device can be a projector employing projection technologies such as Digital Light Processing (DLP) or Liquid Crystal on Silicon (LCoS), with a brightness of ≥500 ANSI lumens to ensure clear visibility of the ground at night. The resolution of the projection device should be no less than 854×480, corresponding to a Wide Video Graphics Array (WVGA). Furthermore, to meet the requirements of near-distance ground projection, the projection device can adopt a short-throw design with a transmittance ratio of 0.3:1 to 0.6:1.

[0146] The light source of the projection device can be LED, with a lifespan of more than 20,000 hours, to meet the long-term use requirements of in-vehicle equipment, and the color temperature can be adjusted, such as adaptively switching between warm light mode and cool light mode according to the ambient brightness, so as to avoid strong light from interfering with the driver behind.

[0147] In addition, to meet the low power consumption design requirements of vehicle power supplies and reduce the load on vehicle power supplies, a lower power consumption projection device can be used, such as power consumption ≤10W and standby power consumption <1W.

[0148] In one possible implementation, the projection device may also include optical components such as a projection lens, a diffuser, or a soft-focus film. In another possible implementation, the projection lens may have a fixed focal length and be mounted at a downward tilt, with its projection angle adjustable according to actual needs, such as 30°. Alternatively, the projection lens may dynamically adjust its focal length based on the vehicle's height or the distance between the vehicle and the vehicles behind it to adjust the sharpness. Furthermore, by incorporating a diffuser or soft-focus film, the projection device can avoid creating glare spots, resulting in a more uniform and softer projected information.

[0149] This application embodiment determines the controllable reminder component and its operating mode corresponding to the risk level, and controls the controllable reminder component to operate based on the operating mode, thereby realizing graded reminders for vehicles behind. This ensures that the reminder method matches the actual risk level, avoiding excessive reminders that interfere with vehicles behind in low-risk scenarios, and preventing insufficient reminders in high-risk scenarios that prevent vehicles behind from turning off their high beams in time, thus improving driving safety.

[0150] In one possible implementation, the risk levels include low risk, medium risk, and high risk. Based on the risk level, the component to be controlled as a reminder and its operating mode are determined, including: if the risk level is low, the component to be controlled is a display component, operating to display a first reminder message; if the risk level is medium, the component to be controlled is a projection device, operating to activate the projection device to project a second reminder message onto the ground behind the vehicle, and after a first projection duration, the projection device is turned off; if the risk level is high, the component to be controlled is a taillight and a projection device, operating to control the taillights to flash and activate the projection device to project a third reminder message onto the ground behind the vehicle, until a following vehicle turns off its high beams or the distance between the vehicle and the following vehicle exceeds a third distance threshold, at which point the projection device is turned off.

[0151] The first, second, and third reminder messages can include at least one type of information, such as text or icons, and support multilingual switching, such as switching from Chinese to English to suit the needs of different regions. For example, the reminder message could be "Please turn off high beams," "Glare Off," or a gradually flashing "STOP" message.

[0152] Icon information includes, but is not limited to, images of eyes being hurt by bright light, downward arrows and icons of turning off light bulbs, or wavy lines indicating light pollution.

[0153] For low-risk situations, where a vehicle behind has its high beams on, but the distance is too great or the light intensity is too weak to significantly impact the driver of the following vehicle, a weaker alert can be used. For example, instead of using a projection device, a faint icon and / or text message can be displayed on the dashboard or HUD. Alternatively, if the display is located in the rearview mirror, it can alert both the driver and vehicles behind.

[0154] For medium risk, the high beams of vehicles behind are causing significant glare to the driver's rearview mirror, affecting the driver's visual comfort. Therefore, if the risk level is medium, a moderately strong reminder can be given to vehicles behind. For example, in a medium risk situation, the projection device can be activated, and the projected secondary reminder message can be a gentle prompt, such as "Please turn off your high beams, thank you for your cooperation." The projected text can be white, flicker-free, and automatically turn off after the initial projection duration, such as 5-8 seconds.

[0155] In one implementation scenario, if the high beams of the vehicle behind are still on after the projection device is turned off, the reminder will not be repeated for a period of time. After a period of time, the reminder can be restarted based on the headlight status of the vehicle behind, in order to prevent high-frequency reminders from interfering with the drivers of the vehicles behind.

[0156] For high-risk situations, where the high beams of vehicles behind are very strong, illuminating the rearview mirrors or side windows of the vehicle being driven, severely interfering with the driver's vision and posing a significant safety hazard, a strong warning is needed to alert vehicles behind. For example, the projected third warning message could be "Please turn off your high beams immediately!", with the text bolded, highlighted, and bordered in red. The text should then flash slowly and gently at a preset frequency (e.g., 1Hz, but adjustable as needed). The projection continues until the vehicle behind turns off its high beams or the distance between the two vehicles exceeds a third distance threshold.

[0157] Furthermore, in high-risk situations, the taillights can be controlled to flash, for example, the non-braking brake lights can be controlled to flash twice at 0.5-second intervals to prevent vehicles behind from triggering emergency braking.

[0158] Optionally, in high-risk situations, warning messages can also be displayed or voice prompts can be issued inside the vehicle, such as a voice prompt "Strong lights behind, please be careful".

[0159] In another implementation scenario, if the distance between the vehicle behind and the vehicle is less than the fourth distance threshold, that is, the vehicle behind is very close to the vehicle, the vehicle needs to take timely avoidance measures and there is no need to remind the vehicle behind. The projection can be turned off to avoid projecting the information onto the windshield of the vehicle behind, which would increase the danger.

[0160] In one implementation scenario, if a vehicle behind turns off its high beams during the reminder process, the reminder to the following vehicle can be automatically stopped, and the display component, projection device, and taillight waiting control reminder component can be turned off. In this embodiment, the projection reminder can be manually or automatically triggered or turned off by the driver.

[0161] In another implementation scenario, if a vehicle behind does not turn off its high beams, suggestions for taking evasive action can be sent to the driver of the vehicle behind, such as changing lanes or slowing down to give way. This supports integration with Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS).

[0162] Optionally, when it is determined that a vehicle behind has its high beams on, the system can automatically record log information such as the time, the vehicle's position, license plate information, and light information. This log information can be uploaded to a cloud platform via vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, providing data support for traffic management. Vehicle information can be obtained from the target image using Optical Character Recognition (OCR) technology. The automatic recording function can also be enabled or disabled by the user via the central control screen or mobile app. Furthermore, to ensure user privacy, log information can be uploaded anonymously to the cloud platform.

[0163] In another implementation scenario, the risk level also includes no risk. In this case, there is no need to remind the driver of the vehicle and the vehicles behind; only relevant logs need to be recorded.

[0164] In some embodiments, the central control screen may display information such as reminder status and log records.

[0165] Based on the aforementioned technology, the combination of controllable warning components and their operating modes differs for different risk levels, enabling tiered warnings to vehicles behind. The higher the risk level, the stronger the warning intensity from the combination of controllable warning components and their operating modes, achieving a precise match between warning intensity and risk level, thus improving driving safety. Furthermore, warnings to vehicles behind via projection are intuitive and clear, avoiding misunderstandings caused by flashing lights. This non-aggressive approach, without relying on sudden braking or honking, provides a non-confrontational warning, aligning with civilized driving principles.

[0166] In this embodiment, after acquiring multiple target images containing images of vehicles behind within a preset time period, the grayscale value of each pixel in the target image can be obtained, and the lighting information of the vehicles behind can be determined based on the grayscale value of each pixel. Then, the target image is detected to determine the bounding box of the region containing the vehicles behind. The ordinate corresponding to the bottom edge of the bounding box is obtained, and the distance between the vehicle and the vehicles behind is determined based on this ordinate. Preset brightness thresholds and preset area thresholds corresponding to this distance are obtained. If, in the lighting information, the brightness of the light spot is greater than the preset brightness threshold, the area of ​​the light spot is greater than the preset area threshold, and the color temperature is greater than the preset color temperature threshold, then it is determined that the high beams of the vehicles behind are on. Here, determining whether the vehicles behind have their high beams on through multiple dimensions—brightness, area, and color temperature of the light spot—reduces interference from other types of lighting, improves the accuracy of detecting high beams on the vehicles behind, and reduces the false trigger rate of alerts. After determining that the vehicles behind have their high beams on, the corresponding light intensity can be determined based on the brightness and area of ​​the light spot, and the corresponding risk level can be determined based on the distance, light intensity, and the duration of continuous high beam operation. The method acquires a personalized sensitivity level and adjusts the risk level accordingly. This adjusted risk level-based approach to alerting following vehicles better aligns with the user's individual needs. The method determines the controllable alert components and their operating modes based on the risk level, and controls these components to operate according to their modes to alert following vehicles. Here, the controllable alert components include at least one of the vehicle's display components, projection devices, and taillights, offering diverse alert methods. The projection device displays visual alert information, making it intuitive and clear, allowing following drivers to accurately understand the alert intent. Furthermore, tiered alerts based on risk level effectively avoid insufficient or excessive alerts. Additionally, this method relies solely on the vehicle's existing onboard camera, requiring no additional hardware. It operates independently based on visual perception, adapting to existing road environments, and does not require V2X support, making it highly versatile.

[0167] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the above embodiments does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0168] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high beam off reminder device provided in one embodiment of this application. Figure 4 As shown, the high beam off reminder device provided in this embodiment may include: an acquisition module 401 and a processing module 402.

[0169] The acquisition module 401 is used to acquire multiple target images containing vehicles behind within a preset time period; The processing module 402 is used to determine the lighting information of the vehicles behind and the distance between the vehicle and the vehicles behind based on multiple target images; the lighting information includes the brightness, area and color temperature of the light spots formed by the lights emitted by the vehicles behind in the target images; The processing module 402 is also used to determine whether the vehicle behind should turn on its high beams based on the brightness, area and color temperature of the light spot. The processing module 402 is also used to determine the risk level corresponding to the high beams of the vehicle behind being turned on, based on the brightness, area and distance of the light spot, if it is determined that the vehicle behind is turning on its high beams. The reminder module 403 is used to remind vehicles behind based on the risk level.

[0170] In one possible implementation, processing module 402 is specifically used for: Determine the corresponding light intensity based on the brightness and area of ​​the light spot; The corresponding risk level is determined based on the distance, light intensity, and duration of continuous use of high beams.

[0171] In one possible implementation, processing module 402 is specifically used for: Obtain the preset risk level conditions; The corresponding risk level is determined based on the distance, light intensity, duration of continuous use of high beams, and risk level conditions. Among the risk level conditions, the risk level is negatively correlated with the distance between the vehicle and the vehicles behind it, positively correlated with the light intensity, and positively correlated with the duration of continuous use of high beams.

[0172] In one possible implementation, the risk levels include no risk, low risk, medium risk, and high risk; Processing module 402 is specifically used for: If at least one of the following conditions is met: the distance is greater than the first distance threshold, the duration of continuous use of high beams is less than the first duration threshold, and the light intensity is less than the first intensity threshold, then the corresponding risk level is determined to be no risk. If the distance is less than the first distance threshold but greater than the second distance threshold, the light intensity is greater than the first intensity threshold but less than the second intensity threshold, and the duration of continuous use of high beams is greater than the second duration threshold, then the corresponding risk level is determined to be low risk; the second duration threshold is greater than the first duration threshold. If the distance is less than the second distance threshold but greater than the third distance threshold, the light intensity is greater than the second intensity threshold but less than the third intensity threshold, and the duration of continuous use of high beams is greater than the third duration threshold, then the corresponding risk level is determined to be medium risk; the third duration threshold is greater than the second duration threshold. If the distance is less than the third distance threshold but greater than the fourth distance threshold, the light intensity is greater than the third intensity threshold, and the duration of continuous use of high beams is greater than the fourth duration threshold, then the corresponding risk level is determined to be high risk; the fourth duration threshold is greater than the first duration threshold.

[0173] In one possible implementation, the reminder module 403 is specifically used for: Based on the risk level, determine the controllable warning components and their operating methods; the controllable warning components include at least one of the vehicle's display components, projection devices, and taillights, with the projection devices located at the rear of the vehicle; The control alert component operates based on its working mode to alert vehicles behind.

[0174] In one possible implementation, the risk levels include low risk, medium risk, and high risk; Reminder module 403 is specifically used for: If the risk level is low, then the component to be controlled is determined to be a display component, and its working mode is to display the first reminder information; If the risk level is medium risk, the component to be controlled is determined to be a projection device. The working mode is to control the projection device to start, project the second reminder information onto the ground at the rear of the vehicle, and control the projection device to turn off after the first projection duration. If the risk level is high, the components to be controlled are the taillights and the projection device. The operation mode is to control the taillights to flash and control the projection device to start, so as to project a third reminder message onto the ground behind the vehicle, until the vehicle behind turns off its high beams or the distance between the vehicle and the vehicle behind is greater than the third distance threshold, at which point the projection device is turned off.

[0175] In one possible implementation, processing module 402 is further configured to: Obtain personalized sensitivity levels; The risk level is adjusted based on the individual sensitivity level.

[0176] In one possible implementation, processing module 402 is specifically used for: Obtain the preset brightness threshold and preset area threshold corresponding to the distance; If the brightness of the light spot is greater than the preset brightness threshold, the area of ​​the light spot is greater than the preset area threshold, and the color temperature is greater than the preset color temperature threshold, then the high beams of the vehicle behind will be turned on.

[0177] In one possible implementation, processing module 402 is specifically used for: Obtain the grayscale value of each pixel in the target image, and determine the headlight information of the vehicle behind based on the grayscale value of each pixel. Detect the target image and determine the bounding box of the region containing the vehicle behind it in the target image; Obtain the ordinate corresponding to the bottom edge of the region's bounding box, and determine the distance between your vehicle and the vehicles behind you based on the ordinate.

[0178] It should be noted that the information interaction and execution process between the above-mentioned devices / units are based on the same concept as the method embodiments of this application. For details on their specific functions and technical effects, please refer to the method embodiments section, and they will not be repeated here.

[0179] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in one embodiment of this application. Figure 5 As shown, the vehicle 500 in this embodiment includes a processor 510 and a memory 520, wherein the memory 520 stores a computer program 521 that can run on the processor 510. When the processor 510 executes the computer program 521, it implements the steps in any of the above method embodiments, for example... Figure 2 Steps 201 to 204 are shown. Alternatively, when processor 510 executes computer program 521, it implements the functions of each module / unit in the above-described device embodiments, for example... Figure 4 The functions of modules 401 to 403 are shown.

[0180] For example, computer program 521 may be divided into one or more modules / units, one or more of which are stored in memory 520 and executed by processor 510 to complete this application. One or more modules / units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing a specific function, which describe the execution process of computer program 521 in vehicle 500.

[0181] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 5 This is merely an example of a vehicle and does not constitute a limitation on the vehicle. It may include more or fewer components than shown, or combinations of certain components, or different components, such as input / output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.

[0182] The processor 510 can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0183] The memory 520 can be an internal storage unit of the vehicle, such as a hard drive or memory, or an external storage device, such as a plug-in hard drive, smart media card (SMC), secure digital (SD) card, flash card, etc. The memory 520 can also include both internal and external storage devices. The memory 520 is used to store computer programs and other programs and data required by the vehicle. The memory 520 can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.

[0184] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0185] An embodiment of this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for reminding users to turn off high beams.

[0186] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0187] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0188] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices / vehicles and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device / vehicle embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0189] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0190] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0191] If the integrated module / unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can also be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunication signal, and a software distribution medium, etc.

[0192] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for reminding users to turn off high beams, characterized in that, include: Acquire multiple target images containing vehicles behind within a preset time period; Based on the multiple target images, determine the lighting information of the vehicle behind and the distance between the vehicle and the vehicle behind; the lighting information includes the brightness, area, and color temperature of the light spot formed by the lights emitted by the vehicle behind in the target image; Based on the brightness, area, and color temperature of the light spot, determine whether the vehicle behind has turned on its high beams; If it is determined that the vehicle behind has its high beams on, then the risk level corresponding to the vehicle behind having its high beams on is determined based on the brightness and area of ​​the light spot and the distance. Based on the risk level, a warning is issued to the vehicles behind.

2. The method for reminding users to turn off high beams according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the risk level corresponding to the high beams of the following vehicle being turned on based on the brightness, area, and distance of the light spot includes: The corresponding light intensity is determined based on the brightness and area of ​​the light spot; The corresponding risk level is determined based on the distance, the light intensity, and the duration of continuous operation of the high beams.

3. The method for reminding users to turn off high beams according to claim 2, characterized in that, The determination of the corresponding risk level based on the distance, the light intensity, and the duration of continuous operation of the high beams includes: Obtain the preset risk level conditions; The corresponding risk level is determined based on the distance, the light intensity, the duration of continuous operation of the high beams, and the risk level conditions. Among the risk level conditions, the risk level is negatively correlated with the distance between the vehicle and the vehicle behind, positively correlated with the light intensity, and positively correlated with the duration of continuous use of high beams.

4. The method for reminding users to turn off high beams according to claim 3, characterized in that, The risk levels include no risk, low risk, medium risk, and high risk; The step of determining the corresponding risk level based on the distance, the light intensity, the duration of continuous operation of the high beams, and the risk level conditions includes: If at least one of the following conditions is met: the distance is greater than a first distance threshold, the duration of continuous use of the high beams is less than a first duration threshold, and the light intensity is less than a first intensity threshold, then the corresponding risk level is determined to be no risk. If the distance is less than a first distance threshold but greater than a second distance threshold, the light intensity is greater than a first intensity threshold but less than a second intensity threshold, and the duration of continuous use of the high beams is greater than a second duration threshold, then the corresponding risk level is determined to be low risk; the second duration threshold is greater than the first duration threshold. If the distance is less than the second distance threshold but greater than the third distance threshold, the light intensity is greater than the second intensity threshold but less than the third intensity threshold, and the duration of continuous use of the high beams is greater than the third duration threshold, then the corresponding risk level is determined to be medium risk; the third duration threshold is greater than the second duration threshold. If the distance is less than the third distance threshold and greater than the fourth distance threshold, the light intensity is greater than the third intensity threshold, and the duration of continuous use of the high beams is greater than the fourth duration threshold, then the corresponding risk level is determined to be high risk; the fourth duration threshold is greater than the first duration threshold.

5. The method for reminding users to turn off high beams according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The step of alerting the vehicles behind based on the risk level includes: Based on the risk level, a controllable alert component and its operating mode are determined; the controllable alert component includes at least one of a vehicle's display component, a projection device, and a taillight, wherein the projection device is located at the rear of the vehicle; The controllable reminder component operates based on the aforementioned working mode to remind the vehicle behind.

6. The method for reminding users to turn off high beams according to claim 5, characterized in that, The risk levels include low risk, medium risk, and high risk; The step of determining the controllable alert component based on the risk level, and the operating mode of the controllable alert component, includes: If the risk level is low risk, then the component to be controlled is the display component, and the working mode is to display the first reminder information; If the risk level is medium risk, then the component to be controlled and reminded is the projection device. The working mode is to control the projection device to start, project the second reminder information onto the ground at the rear of the vehicle, and after the projection lasts for a first duration, control the projection device to turn off. If the risk level is high risk, the controllable reminder components are determined to be the taillights and the projection device. The operation mode is to control the taillights to flash and control the projection device to start, so as to project a third reminder message onto the ground behind the vehicle, until the vehicle behind turns off its high beams or the distance between the vehicle and the vehicle behind is greater than a third distance threshold, at which point the projection device is controlled to turn off.

7. The method for reminding users to turn off high beams according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Before alerting the vehicle behind based on the risk level, the method further includes: Obtain personalized sensitivity levels; The risk level is adjusted based on the personalized sensitivity level.

8. The method for reminding users to turn off high beams according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Determining whether the following vehicle has its high beams on based on the brightness, area, and color temperature of the light spot includes: Obtain the preset brightness threshold and preset area threshold corresponding to the distance; If the brightness of the light spot is greater than the preset brightness threshold, the area of ​​the light spot is greater than the preset area threshold, and the color temperature is greater than the preset color temperature threshold, then it is determined that the high beams of the vehicle behind are turned on.

9. The method for reminding users to turn off high beams according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The step of determining the headlight information of the following vehicle and the distance between the vehicle and the following vehicle based on the multiple target images includes: The grayscale value of each pixel in the target image is obtained, and the lighting information of the vehicle behind is determined based on the grayscale value of each pixel. The target image is detected to determine the bounding box of the region of the vehicle behind it in the target image; Obtain the ordinate corresponding to the bottom edge of the region boundary box, and determine the distance between the vehicle and the vehicle behind it based on the ordinate.

10. A vehicle comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the high beam off reminder method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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