Split slide plate and turnout

Abstract

The invention provides a split slide plate, which relates to the technical field of rail transit, is used for bearing a stock rail and a switch rail and allowing the switch rail to slide along a first direction to get close to or get away from the stock rail, and comprises a bottom plate, a bedplate and an iron seat, and a first mounting groove and a second mounting groove are formed in the bottom plate at an interval along the length direction. The bedplate is detachably connected with the bottom plate through the first mounting groove and is suitable for bearing the switch rail. The iron base is detachably connected with the bottom plate through the second mounting groove, the stock rail is located between the platen and the iron base and limited by the platen and the iron base to move in the length direction, and the platen and the iron base are constructed to be inserted into the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove correspondingly to be in interference fit with the bottom plate after responding to the fact that the bottom plate is heated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of rail transit, more particularly, to a split type sliding bed plate and turnout. BACKGROUND

[0002] The turnout is a key train operation equipment in the railway track system, mainly responsible for guiding the train to turn from one track to another, thereby realizing the conversion of train operation path and the connection of lines. Its basic structure includes a switch machine (including a basic rail and a point rail), a connecting part, and a frog area. The turnout drives the lateral displacement of the point rail by an external power device, so that it keeps close to or separates from the basic rail, thereby changing the wheel rim direction and completing the change of the line. The development of turnout technology has always been focused on ensuring train safety, improving efficiency and prolonging service life. With the development of railway transportation towards high speed and heavy load, the turnout continues to evolve in terms of materials, design and manufacturing processes, such as using high-strength alloy steel, optimizing rail line shape to improve power performance, and maintaining its geometric shape and structural stability through mechanized maintenance. The reliable operation of the turnout is one of the foundations of efficient and safe operation of the railway network.

[0003] The sliding bed plate is an important component of the turnout switch machine part, fixedly installed on the turnout sleeper, providing a flat and stable support platform for the reciprocating lateral sliding of the point rail. During the conversion of the turnout, the bottom of the point rail directly contacts and slides with the sliding bed plate table, and their interaction directly affects the conversion resistance, the accuracy of the point rail in place, and the overall durability of the equipment. The material of the sliding bed plate has gradually upgraded from early ordinary steel to high-strength wear-resistant alloy, and the anti-wear performance has been further improved through surface hardening and other processes. Today's sliding bed plate design focuses more on friction control, such as adding friction-reducing pads to the table or using self-lubricating composite material coatings, to achieve long-term stable low friction coefficient, thereby effectively reducing conversion energy consumption, improving operation reliability, and reducing maintenance workload. The continuous improvement of the performance of the sliding bed plate provides important support for the improvement of the overall efficiency and adaptability of the turnout system.

[0004] In related technologies, the sliding bed plate mainly has an integrated cast type and a split welded type. The mold development cost of the integrated cast type sliding bed plate is high, and it is difficult to repair the structure after damage, and the economy of overall replacement is low. The welding position of the split welded type sliding bed plate is prone to stress concentration, and fatigue cracks are easy to appear under long-term load, and the high temperature of welding may cause structural deformation, and the welding quality is also difficult to guarantee. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the existing sliding bed plate structure to solve at least part of the above problems. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the present application provides a split type sliding bed plate, which installs the table plate and the iron seat to the bottom plate respectively by using the heating expansion of the bottom plate, and forms an interference fit after cooling, effectively prolonging the service life and reducing the maintenance and replacement cost.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present application provides a split type sliding bed plate for bearing a basic rail and a point rail and allowing the point rail to slide in a first direction to approach or move away from the basic rail, wherein the split type sliding bed plate comprises: a bottom plate, the bottom plate being provided with a first mounting slot and a second mounting slot formed at intervals in a length direction; a platform plate detachably connected with the bottom plate through the first mounting slot and adapted to bear the point rail; an iron seat detachably connected with the bottom plate through the second mounting slot, the basic rail being located between the platform plate and the iron seat and being limited in movement in the length direction by the platform plate and the iron seat, the platform plate and the iron seat being configured to be respectively inserted into the first mounting slot and the second mounting slot to form an interference fit with the bottom plate in response to the bottom plate being heated.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present application, a bottom of the platform plate is provided with a first protrusion adapted to be inserted into the first mounting slot in a width direction of the bottom plate and limited in movement in a height direction and a length direction by a side wall of the first mounting slot.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present application, a cross section of the first mounting slot in the height direction of the bottom plate is configured to be trapezoidal.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present application, a bottom of the bottom plate is provided with a through hole in communication with the first mounting slot.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present application, a bottom of the iron seat is provided with a base, the second mounting slot being configured to be a stepped through slot to allow the iron seat to pass through in the height direction while preventing the base from passing through and limiting movement of the iron seat in the length direction and the height direction.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present application, a bottom surface of the base is flush with a bottom surface of the bottom plate.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present application, an oil supply assembly is further provided, mounted on the other side of the platform plate and adapted to output lubricating oil to a contact surface of the platform plate and the point rail.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present application, an oil supply channel is formed inside the platform plate, an upper surface of the platform plate is provided with an oil storage groove in communication with the oil supply channel, and the oil supply assembly is configured to output lubricating oil to the oil supply channel in response to a decrease in lubricating oil in the oil storage groove.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present application, a bottom of the bottom plate is provided with a plurality of grooves adapted to reduce a mass of the bottom plate.

[0015] According to the embodiment of the present application, the interference amount of the interference fit between the base plate and the iron seat and the base plate is greater than 0.05 mm and less than 0.15 mm.

[0016] According to the embodiment of the present application, the base plate is formed by casting low-carbon alloy steel, the base plate is formed by casting martensitic stainless steel, and the iron seat is formed by casting medium-carbon alloy steel.

[0017] The exemplary embodiments of the present application also provide a turnout, comprising: a pair of base rails;

[0018] A pair of switch rails arranged close to the first end of the base rails; a plurality of split sliding bed plates according to any of the above embodiments for bearing the base rails and the switch rails adjacent to the base rails, the switch rails being driven by a switch to approach or separate from the base rails.

[0019] The split sliding bed plate provided by the present application is composed of a base plate, a base plate and an iron seat. The base rails are limited in the length direction by the iron seat and the base plate; the switch rails are placed on the base plate and can move in the length direction to approach or separate from the base rails. During assembly, the base plate is first heated to produce a small thermal expansion deformation. Then, the base plate and the iron seat are inserted into the first installation slot and the second installation slot respectively. After the base plate cools and shrinks, the three form a tight interference fit integrated structure. Assembly is achieved by thermal expansion and contraction, avoiding problems such as weld separation and cracking that may occur in traditional welding, thereby significantly improving the reliability and service life of the structure. In addition, the split design makes disassembly and maintenance more convenient. When the parts are worn or damaged, the corresponding split parts can be replaced without the need for overall replacement, effectively reducing maintenance costs and improving maintenance efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the split sliding bed plate provided by the exemplary embodiments of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 is a plan view of the split sliding bed plate provided by the exemplary embodiments of the present application, showing the base rails and the switch rails;

[0022] Figure 3 is an exploded view of the split sliding bed plate provided by the exemplary embodiments of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 is a perspective view of the split sliding bed plate provided by the exemplary embodiments of the present application from another angle;

[0024] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the split sliding bed plate provided by the exemplary embodiments of the present application.

[0025] In the drawings, the meaning of reference signs is as follows:

[0026] 1. bottom plate;

[0027] 11. first mounting slot;

[0028] 12. second mounting slot;

[0029] 13. through hole;

[0030] 14. recess;

[0031] 2. table plate;

[0032] 21. iron guide;

[0033] 22. first protrusion;

[0034] 23. oil supply passage;

[0035] 24. oil storage groove;

[0036] 3. iron seat;

[0037] 31. base;

[0038] 4. oil supply assembly;

[0039] 5. basic rail;

[0040] 6. point rail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the description which follows is merely illustrative and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. In the following detailed description of embodiments of the present application, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that one or more embodiments of the present application can be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and functions have not been described in detail in order to avoid obscuring aspects of the present application.

[0042] The terms used herein are merely used to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. The terms "include", "comprise" and the like used herein indicate the presence of the described features, steps, operations and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations or components.

[0043] All terms used herein, including technical and scientific terms, have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with the context of the present specification, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or excessively formal manner.

[0044] In the case of using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, and C", etc., it is generally intended to include each and every combination of A, B, and C, i.e., the combination of at least one of the items, a combination of at least one of the items added to at least one of the items previously named, a combination of at least one of the items added to at least one of the items previously named to at least one of the items, etc. In implementing the expression "at least one of A, B, and C", etc., it is to be understood that the inclusive-or is intended in this connection, such that, for instance, A or B or C or any combinations thereof are present under this expression.

[0045] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a split sliding bed plate provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a plan view of a split sliding bed plate provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, showing a base rail and a point rail, Figure 3 is an exploded view of a split sliding bed plate provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a split sliding bed plate, as shown in Figures 1 to 3 for carrying a base rail 5 and a point rail 6 and allowing the point rail 6 to slide in a first direction to approach or move away from the base rail 5, the split sliding bed plate comprises a bottom plate 1, a table plate 2, and an iron seat 3, the bottom plate 1 is provided with a first mounting slot 11 and a second mounting slot 12 formed at intervals in a length direction. The table plate 2 is detachably connected to the bottom plate 1 through the first mounting slot 11 and is adapted to carry the point rail 6. The iron seat 3 is detachably connected to the bottom plate 1 through the second mounting slot 12, the base rail 5 is located between the table plate 2 and the iron seat 3 and is limited in movement in the length direction by the table plate 2 and the iron seat 3, and the table plate 2 and the iron seat 3 are configured to be respectively inserted into the first mounting slot 11 and the second mounting slot 12 to form an interference fit with the bottom plate 1 in response to the bottom plate 1 being heated.

[0047] In such an embodiment, the split sliding bed plate is assembled by three parts of the bottom plate 1, the table plate 2, and the iron seat 3. The base rail 5 is limited in the length direction by the iron seat 3 and the table plate 2, and the point rail 6 is located on the table plate 2 and can move in the length direction to approach or move away from the base rail 5. During assembly, the bottom plate 1 is first heated, and after a slight swelling deformation, the table plate 2 and the iron seat 3 are respectively inserted into the first mounting slot 11 and the second mounting slot 12 on the bottom plate 1, and after cooling, an integrated structure is formed. Thus, the interference assembly is achieved by heating and swelling, avoiding the risk of weld separation and cracking in split welding, prolonging the service life. And such split assembly is easy to disassemble, when it is consumed or damaged, only the split parts need to be replaced, effectively reducing maintenance costs.

[0048] In some preferred embodiments, the heating temperature range of the bottom plate 1 is 250-350℃.

[0049] In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the bottom of the platform 2 is formed with a first protrusion 22, which is adapted to be inserted into the first mounting slot 11 along the width direction of the base plate 1 and is limited by the side wall of the first mounting slot 11 in the height direction and the length direction.

[0050] In such an embodiment, the first protrusion 22 is integrally formed with the platform 2, and the insertion fit is a horizontal insertion fit along the width direction of the base plate 1, that is, the first mounting slot 11 is a through structure along the width direction of the base plate 1, and the first protrusion 22 at the bottom of the platform 2 is horizontally pushed into the first mounting slot 11 along the width direction of the base plate 1 to complete the preliminary positioning during assembly. The cross-sectional shape of the first protrusion 22 is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the first mounting slot 11, and the height of the first protrusion 22 is equal to the slot depth of the first mounting slot 11, so as to ensure that the outer peripheral surface of the first protrusion 22 is fully fitted with the inner wall of the mounting slot after insertion, and the bottom surface of the platform 2 is fully fitted with the upper surface of the base plate 1.

[0051] The side wall of the first mounting slot 11 forms a bidirectional limiting for the first protrusion 22: limiting the up-and-down movement of the platform 2 in the height direction, ensuring the height stability of the upper surface of the platform 2 when bearing the point rail 6, and avoiding the height deviation of the point rail during sliding. Limiting the displacement of the platform 2 along the length direction of the base plate 1, ensuring that the distance between the platform 2 and the iron seat 3 remains fixed, thereby stably limiting the position of the basic rail 5 and avoiding the position deviation of the basic rail 5 due to the displacement of the platform 2.

[0052] Such a fit mode eliminates the need for additional fixing means, such as traditional welding or bolt connection, has higher positioning accuracy, has better stability of the fitted structure, and is convenient to disassemble.

[0053] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 The cross section of the first mounting slot 11 in the height direction of the base plate 1 is configured as a trapezoidal shape.

[0054] In such an embodiment, the core advantage of the trapezoidal cross-sectional structure is to form a "wedge limiting effect". During assembly, the first protrusion 22 is horizontally inserted into the trapezoidal slot cavity along the width direction of the base plate 1, the side wall of the first protrusion 22 gradually fits with the slot wall of the first mounting slot 11, and precise positioning is achieved by using the slope guiding effect, without the need for additional fixtures to ensure the coaxiality of the protrusion and the mounting slot, thereby improving the assembly efficiency.

[0055] In the cooling process of the thermal expansion interference assembly, the base plate 1 shrinks to generate uniform pressing force on the first protrusion 22 by the groove wall, the pressing force is decomposed into normal pressure perpendicular to the inclined surface and lateral force along the inclined surface, the lateral force makes the first protrusion 22 closely fit the groove bottom, further limits the movement of the first protrusion 22 in the height direction, compared with other shape sections, the limiting stability is higher, and the point rail load and impact stress can be more uniformly transmitted, and local stress concentration is avoided to cause deformation of the first mounting groove 11 or the first protrusion 22.

[0056] Figure 4 It is another perspective view of the split sliding bed plate provided by the exemplary embodiment of the present application.

[0057] In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4 The bottom of the base plate 1 is provided with a through hole 13, and the through hole 13 is in communication with the first mounting groove 11.

[0058] In such an embodiment, the through hole 13 can optimize the thermal conduction uniformity of the base plate 1. During heating, the through hole 13 can make the heat be transmitted to the groove wall of the first mounting groove 11 faster, ensure that the temperature of each area of the groove wall is uniform, and avoid uneven expansion caused by local temperature difference; during cooling, the through hole 13 can also accelerate heat dissipation, so that the base plate 1 and the first mounting groove 11 uniformly shrink, ensure that the pressing force of the interference fit is uniformly distributed, and further strengthen the connection stability of the platform plate 2 and the base plate 1. On the other hand, when the base plate 1 is cast, the through hole 13 serves as a vent hole, facilitating the demolding process, and also being beneficial to the lightweight of the base plate 1.

[0059] In some optional embodiments, an accommodation space is formed in the platform plate 2, the through hole 13, the first mounting groove 11 and the accommodation space are in communication, and the accommodation space is used for mounting the elastic member. The through hole 13 can facilitate the adjustment of the elastic member or the further processing of the inner wall of the accommodation space.

[0060] According to the embodiment of the present application, one side of the platform plate 2 close to the base rail 5 is formed with a guide iron 21, the guide iron 21 is located in the accommodation space and is formed integrally with the platform plate 2, the side wall of the guide iron 21 close to the base rail 5 is substantially flush with the side wall of the platform plate 2 close to the base rail 5, to assist in limiting the movement of the base rail 5 in the length direction.

[0061] Further according to the embodiment of the present application, the other side of the platform plate 2 away from the base rail 5 is formed with a positioning groove, the elastic member penetrates the accommodation space, one end abuts against the inner wall of the positioning groove, and the other end abuts against the base rail 5 under the guidance of the guide iron 21, to elastically press the base rail 5 and limit the movement of the base rail 5 in the height direction.

[0062] More specifically, the elastic member is configured in a strip shape, and the positioning groove is spaced apart from the bottom plate 1, or in other words, the positioning groove is suspended above the bottom plate 1. The elastic member extends into the mounting space from the positioning groove until the front end is lapped with the guide iron 21. By inserting a pin between the elastic member and the table plate 2, or by processing one or two protrusions on the top wall of the mounting space to deform the elastic member, the front end of the elastic member is clamped and pressed against the base rail 5. It should be noted that the specific structure of the elastic member, the mounting method, and the shape of the positioning groove do not affect the implementation of the core concept of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make flexible selection and design according to the common knowledge in the art and the actual application scenarios. Therefore, no more details will be described here.

[0063] In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3 the bottom of the iron seat 3 is formed with a base 31, and the second mounting groove 12 is configured as a stepped through groove to allow the iron seat 3 to pass in the height direction while preventing the base 31 from passing through and limiting the movement of the iron seat 3 in the length direction and the height direction.

[0064] In such an embodiment, the base 31 and the iron seat 3 are integrally formed. The cross-sectional dimension (parallel to the upper surface of the bottom plate 1) of the base 31 is larger than the cross-sectional dimension of the iron seat 3, forming a "small on top and large on bottom" stepped structure. The second mounting groove 12 is a stepped through groove, which is arranged through in the height direction of the bottom plate 1. The structure of the stepped through groove matches the stepped structure formed by the iron seat 3 and the base 31, and is divided into two levels of groove cavities. The upper groove cavity cooperates with the iron seat 3 to allow the iron seat 3 to pass in the height direction. The lower groove cavity cooperates with the base 31, and the upper groove cavity and the lower groove cavity are separated by a stepped surface to prevent the base 31 from passing in the height direction. In this way, the iron seat 3 can be effectively prevented from moving, and the position of the base rail 5 can be stabilized. At the same time, the stepped through groove can increase the bearing area, uniformly disperse the load transmitted by the base rail 5, avoid deformation caused by local stress concentration, and uniformly transmit heat during heating and cooling, so that the interference compression force is balanced, and the service life of the component is prolonged. In addition, the stepped structure has a positioning effect, and no additional tooling is required, which improves the assembly efficiency.

[0065] In some optional embodiments, the corners of the upper and lower groove cavities are rounded to avoid stress concentration and prevent damage to the surface of the component during assembly.

[0066] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 the bottom surface of the base 31 is flush with the bottom surface of the bottom plate 1.

[0067] In this implementation, the depth of the lower cavity is equal to the height of the base 31, ensuring that when the base 31 is fully embedded in the lower cavity, its top abuts against the stepped surface, and its bottom is naturally flush with the bottom surface of the base plate 1, without any protrusions or depressions. This avoids affecting the overall installation compatibility of the split slide plate and prevents the iron base 3 from falling off due to long-term vibration. Furthermore, the base 31 and the base plate 1 bear loads on the same plane, extending the load transmitted by the basic rail 5 from a localized area to the entire bottom surface, further reducing local stress concentration and preventing deformation of the base plate 1 or the base 31. The overall flush bottom surface also reduces the accumulation of impurities and moisture, lowers the risk of corrosion, facilitates cleaning and maintenance, and extends service life.

[0068] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the split slide provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the aforementioned split slide plate also includes an oil supply assembly 4, which is installed on the other side of the table plate 2 and is suitable for supplying lubricating oil to the contact surface between the table plate 2 and the switch rail 6.

[0070] In this implementation, the oil supply assembly 4 provides continuous and stable lubrication to the sliding contact surface between the table plate 2 and the switch rail 6, keeping the split-type slide plate in a lubricated state for a long time. The assembly position of the oil supply assembly 4 avoids the assembly area between the table plate 2 and the base plate 1 and the limiting space of the base rail 5. Specifically, it is installed on the side of the table plate 2 away from the base rail 5, so as not to interfere with the sliding movement of the switch rail 6 along the length direction, nor to affect the thermal expansion interference fit relationship and connection stability between the table plate 2 and the base plate 1. The oil supply assembly 4 and the table plate 2 adopt a detachable connection method, which is suitable for the maintenance needs of the split-type slide plate. When the oil supply assembly 4 fails or is worn out, it can be disassembled and replaced separately without disassembling the overall assembly structure of the table plate 2 and the base plate 1. At the same time, it is convenient to replenish the lubricating oil regularly, taking into account both ease of use and maintenance economy.

[0071] By introducing lubricating oil, the frictional resistance between the contact surface of the platform 2 and the switch rail 6 is significantly reduced, avoiding slippage and jamming caused by dry friction. This ensures that the switching action of the switch rail 6 is precise and smooth, improves the reliability of turnout operation, reduces the turning force on the switch rail 6, extends the working life of the switch equipment, reduces wear and friction loss on the contact surface, and reduces the replacement frequency of core components.

[0072] According to embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, an oil supply channel 23 is formed inside the platform 2, and an oil storage channel 24 communicating with the oil supply channel 23 is formed on the upper surface of the platform 2. The oil supply component 4 is configured to output lubricating oil to the oil supply channel 23 in response to a decrease in the lubricating oil in the oil storage channel 24.

[0073] In this embodiment, a through-type oil supply channel 23 is provided inside the platform 2 along its length. This does not damage the load-bearing structure of the platform 2 or the integrity of the assembly surface with the base plate 1, nor does it affect the thermal expansion interference fit accuracy of the two. One end of the channel is sealed and connected to the oil supply component 4, and the other end is connected to the oil storage channel 24 opened on the upper surface of the platform 2 (the contact surface with the switch rail 6). The oil storage channel 24 extends along the length of the platform 2 and adapts to the sliding trajectory of the switch rail 6, such as an S-shaped channel. It has both oil storage and oil guiding functions, and can temporarily store lubricating oil and evenly diffuse it to the entire sliding contact surface. The specific working process is as follows: the lubricating oil in the oil storage channel 24 gradually decreases due to friction and vibration during the sliding of the switch rail 6, forming an oil level difference or pressure difference. After the oil supply component 4 senses the decrease in oil level, it automatically outputs lubricating oil to the oil supply channel 23 and delivers it to the oil storage channel 24 to replenish the consumed oil and maintain a stable oil level.

[0074] The closed-loop system of oil storage channel 24 and on-demand oil replenishment component 4 avoids dry friction caused by rapid lubrication consumption, ensuring that the switch rail 6 is supported by lubricating medium throughout its sliding motion. This results in smooth and precise sliding movements and effectively improves the stability of the turnout operation. Simultaneously, it extends the lubrication cycle and reduces maintenance costs. The reserve function of oil storage channel 24, combined with on-demand oil replenishment, significantly extends the lubrication cycle after a single oil injection, reducing the frequency of manual oil replenishment and further lowering the maintenance and replacement costs of platform 2 and switch rail 6.

[0075] In some optional embodiments, the oil supply component 4 includes a constant-level oil cup, which, based on the principle of communicating vessels, ensures that the oil level in the target container (i.e., the oil storage channel 24) is always at a preset height. It should be noted that the specific structure and oil replenishment principle of the constant-level oil cup are common knowledge to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0076] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, multiple grooves 14 are provided on the bottom of the base plate 1, which is suitable for reducing the weight of the base plate 1.

[0077] In this embodiment, multiple grooves 14 are formed on the bottom surface of the base plate 1, avoiding the corresponding areas of the first mounting groove 11, the second mounting groove 12 and the through hole 13 on the base plate 1. This does not damage the assembly structure and bearing surface integrity of the base plate 1 with the platform 2 and the iron base 3, while avoiding the core stress area of ​​the base plate 1, so as not to affect the thermal expansion interference assembly accuracy and overall bearing stability with the platform 2 and the iron base 3.

[0078] By creating grooves 14, the amount of material used in the base plate 1 is reduced, effectively reducing the overall weight of the base plate 1 while ensuring structural strength. This reduces the installation load on the split slide plate, facilitating on-site assembly and handling of the turnout. It also reduces the load-bearing pressure on the turnout installation foundation, reduces the vibration inertia of the turnout components when trains pass, and alleviates the damage to the split slide plate and surrounding components caused by vibration and impact.

[0079] In some optional embodiments, the grooves 14 are evenly spaced along the length of the base plate 1, and the number is adapted to the size of the base plate and the weight reduction requirements. The spacing between adjacent grooves, the depth and width of the grooves are designed without weakening the load-bearing capacity of the base plate, forming a regular weight reduction structure, which achieves the goal of lightweighting and ensures that the bottom surface of the base plate is subjected to uniform force.

[0080] In one exemplary embodiment, the interference fit between the platform 2 and the iron base 3 and the base plate 1 is greater than 0.05 mm and less than 0.15 mm.

[0081] In this implementation, the interference fit of 0.05-0.15 mm, after cooling due to thermal expansion, allows the mating surfaces to generate sufficient clamping force, ensuring that the platform 2, iron base 3, and base plate 1 form a stable whole. This effectively resists the vibration and impact of passing trains and the lateral force generated by the sliding of the switch rail 6, preventing relative displacement of components and ensuring long-term stable assembly accuracy. An interference fit of less than 0.15 mm avoids excessive stress on the mating surfaces during cooling and contraction, preventing damage such as cracks and plastic deformation on the inner walls of the first mounting groove 11 and the second mounting groove 12, the first protrusion 22, or the base 31, thus protecting the structural integrity of the components. An interference fit greater than 0.05 mm reduces the occurrence of mating clearance, preventing wear and loosening of the mating surfaces due to vibration during long-term use, and ensuring connection reliability. Furthermore, during subsequent maintenance and disassembly, the interference fit only requires moderate heating of the base plate 1 (without exceeding the heating temperature during assembly) to allow the first mounting slot 11 or the second mounting slot 12 to expand and release the interference constraint, facilitating the disassembly and replacement of the platform 2 and the iron base 3, and adapting to the split-type maintenance logic.

[0082] In some optional embodiments, the roughness of the mating surfaces (the mounting contact surface between the base plate 1 and the platform 2, and the mounting contact surface between the base plate 1 and the iron base 3) is controlled to be within Ra3.2.

[0083] In one exemplary embodiment, the base plate 1 is cast from low-carbon alloy steel, the platform plate 2 is cast from martensitic stainless steel, and the iron base 3 is cast from medium-carbon alloy steel.

[0084] In this implementation, the base plate 1 is cast from low-carbon alloy steel, which reduces the likelihood of cracks during casting and heat treatment, thus ensuring internal quality. It also has good weldability, making it easier to repair surface casting defects; and good plasticity, which facilitates the correction of deformations after casting and heat treatment. The platform plate 2 is cast from martensitic stainless steel to obtain good rust resistance and wear resistance. The iron base 3 is cast from medium-carbon alloy steel, which can appropriately reduce costs while ensuring strength.

[0085] In some optional embodiments, the base plate 1 is made of low-carbon alloy steel with a carbon content controlled at 0.12%-0.20% to ensure plasticity and weldability. After casting, it is normalized to eliminate internal stress. The platform plate 2 is made of martensitic stainless steel with a chromium content ≥11.5% to improve corrosion resistance. After casting, it is tempered to refine the grains and enhance wear resistance. The iron base 3 is made of medium-carbon alloy steel with a carbon content controlled at 0.37%-0.45%. After tempering, its yield strength is ≥800MPa to meet the limit bearing requirements.

[0086] In some optional embodiments, the base plate 1 and the iron base 3 can be sand cast. The platform plate 2 is precision cast, and the pouring temperature is controlled during casting (1500-1550℃) to avoid shrinkage cavities and porosity defects. After cooling, it undergoes aging treatment to ensure dimensional stability.

[0087] In some alternative embodiments, the upper surface of the platform 2 may be polished to a roughness of ≤Ra1.6, further improving wear resistance.

[0088] An exemplary embodiment of this disclosure also provides a turnout, including a pair of main rails 5, a pair of switch rails 6, and a plurality of split-type slides as described in any of the above embodiments. The pair of switch rails 6 are arranged near a first end of the main rails 5. The split-type slides are used to carry the main rails 5 and the switch rails 6 adjacent to the main rails 5, the switch rails 6 being driven by a switch to move closer to or further away from the main rails 5.

[0089] In this implementation, the interference fit design of the split slide plate can stably support the stock rail 5 and switch rail 6, preventing displacement or swaying when the train passes. Simultaneously, the platform 2 provides a low-friction, high-precision sliding surface for the switch rail 6. Combined with the switch drive, this ensures smooth and precise switch rail switching, reducing impact and abnormal noise, and improving the overall reliability of the turnout. Leveraging the split structure advantage of the split slide plate, turnout maintenance does not require complete track disassembly. Only worn or failed slide plate components (platform 2, iron seat 3, etc.) need to be replaced individually, significantly reducing the difficulty of turnout maintenance, shortening the maintenance cycle, and reducing the frequency of disassembly of the stock rail 5 and switch rail 6, protecting the precision of the rail components. Furthermore, multiple split slide plates are spaced apart along the extension direction of the switch rail 6, forming a continuous load-bearing and guiding reference. This effectively constrains the sliding trajectory of the switch rail 6, preventing offset and jamming, ensuring a tight fit between the switch rail 6 and the stock rail 5, eliminating gap swaying when the train passes, and improving driving safety.

[0090] Those skilled in the art will understand that the features described in the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined and / or combined in various ways, even if such combinations or combinations are not explicitly described in the present invention. In particular, the features described in the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined and / or combined in various ways without departing from the spirit and teachings of the present invention. All such combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0091] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, these embodiments are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Although various embodiments have been described above, this does not mean that the measures in the various embodiments cannot be used advantageously in combination. Various substitutions and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention, and all such substitutions and modifications should fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A split-type slide plate for supporting a base rail and a switch rail, and allowing the switch rail to slide along a first direction to move closer to or further away from the base rail, characterized in that, The split-type slide plate includes: A base plate, wherein a first mounting groove and a second mounting groove are formed at intervals along the length direction; The platform is detachably connected to the base plate via the first mounting groove and is suitable for supporting the switch rail; The iron base is detachably connected to the base plate via the second mounting slot. The basic rail is located between the platform and the iron base and is restricted to move in the length direction by the platform and the iron base. The platform and the iron base are configured to insert into the first mounting slot and the second mounting slot respectively to form an interference fit with the base plate after the base plate is heated.

2. The split-type slide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the platform has a first protrusion, which is suitable for interlocking with the first mounting groove along the width direction of the base plate, and is restricted by the side wall of the first mounting groove to move along the height and length directions.

3. The split-type slide plate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cross-section of the first mounting groove in the height direction of the base plate is constructed to be trapezoidal.

4. The split-type slide plate according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the base plate has a through hole, which communicates with the first mounting groove.

5. The split-type slide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the iron base is formed with a base, and the second mounting groove is constructed as a stepped through groove to allow the iron base to pass through in the height direction while preventing the base from passing through and restricting the movement of the iron base in the length and height directions.

6. The split-type slide plate according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the base is flush with the bottom surface of the base plate.

7. The split-type slide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an oil supply assembly, installed on the other side of the platform, which is adapted to supply lubricating oil to the contact surface between the platform and the switch rail.

8. The split-type slide plate according to claim 7, characterized in that, An oil supply channel is formed inside the platform, and an oil storage channel communicating with the oil supply channel is formed on the upper surface of the platform. The oil supply component is configured to output lubricating oil to the oil supply channel in response to a decrease in the lubricating oil in the oil storage channel.

9. The split-type slide plate according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The bottom of the base plate has multiple grooves, which are used to reduce the weight of the base plate.

10. The split-type slide plate according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The interference fit between the platform and the iron base and the base plate is greater than 0.05 mm and less than 0.15 mm.

11. The split-type slide plate according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The base plate is cast from low-carbon alloy steel, the platform is cast from martensitic stainless steel, and the iron base is cast from medium-carbon alloy steel.

12. A turnout, characterized in that, include: A pair of basic tracks; A pair of switch rails are arranged near the first end of the base rail; Multiple split-type slide plates as described in any one of claims 1-11 are used to carry the main rail and the switch rail adjacent to the main rail, the switch rail being driven by a switch to move closer to or further away from the main rail.

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