Flow guide device suitable for water-rich soft rock stratum tunnel

Abstract

The invention relates to a flow guide device suitable for a water-rich soft rock stratum tunnel, which comprises a drainage pipe, the drainage pipe comprises an outer layer pipe and an inner layer pipe coaxially arranged in the outer layer pipe, a plurality of check valve groups are arranged between the outer layer pipe and the inner layer pipe along the axis direction, each check valve group is provided with a plurality of check valves, and the check valves are communicated with the inner layer pipe. Valve bodies of the check valves connect and fix the inner-layer pipe and the outer-layer pipe, inlets of the check valves are formed in the pipe wall of the outer-layer pipe and provided with filter screens, outlets of the check valves are formed in the pipe wall of the inner-layer pipe, and the peripheries of the outer-layer pipe parts corresponding to the adjacent check valves are wrapped with air bags. The air bag is connected with an inflation and deflation mechanism located between the inner-layer pipe and the outer-layer pipe, the outlet end of the drainage pipe is connected with a flow detection element, a probe of the flow detection element extends into the inner-layer pipe, the flow detection element is connected with a control device, and the flow guiding device avoids the blocking phenomenon and can monitor the flow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and more specifically to a diversion device suitable for tunnels in water-rich soft rock formations. Background Technology

[0002] The statements herein provide only background information in relation to this invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Groundwater management has always been a major challenge during tunnel construction in water-rich soft rock strata. The soil in these strata is weak and contains a large amount of groundwater; fine particles easily clog drainage pipes, leading to consistently poor drainage. Under the influence of groundwater, the soil and rock soften, easily causing initial support instability and collapse. A sudden water influx can result in large areas of mud inside the tunnel, hindering construction operations and severely impacting project progress.

[0004] The hydrogeological conditions and surrounding rock characteristics vary at different construction sites, making it extremely difficult to completely prevent water-rich problems. Existing diversion devices for water-rich tunnels have limited ability to filter out fine particles, sludge, and other impurities from the water. These impurities easily clog the diversion devices, preventing them from functioning properly. Current diversion devices cannot monitor water volume in real time or provide early warnings, causing numerous difficulties for drainage work. Construction personnel are unable to respond to and handle drainage problems in a timely manner, which may adversely affect the tunnel support structure and consequently compromise the safety of tunnel construction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a diversion device suitable for water-rich soft rock tunnels, which overcomes the defects of current water-rich tunnel diversion devices.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: An embodiment of the present invention provides a flow guiding device suitable for water-rich soft rock tunnels, including a drainage pipe. The drainage pipe includes an outer pipe and an inner pipe coaxially disposed inside the outer pipe. Multiple check valve groups are arranged along the axial direction between the outer and inner pipes. Each check valve group has multiple check valves. The valve bodies of the check valves connect and fix the inner and outer pipes. The inlet of the check valve is located on the pipe wall of the outer pipe and is provided with a filter screen. The outlet of the check valve is located on the pipe wall of the inner pipe. The outer periphery of the outer pipe portion corresponding to adjacent check valve groups is covered with an air bladder. The air bladder is connected to an inflation / deflation mechanism located between the inner and outer pipes. A flow detection element is connected to the outlet end of the drainage pipe. The probe of the flow detection element extends into the inner pipe. The flow detection element is connected to a control device.

[0007] Optionally, the valve body of the check valve adopts a conical structure, with the smaller end fixed to the inner tube wall and the larger end fixed to the outer tube wall.

[0008] Optionally, the check valve group includes multiple sets of check valves distributed along the axial direction of the inner and outer tubes, and the same set of check valves has multiple check valves evenly distributed in the circumferential direction along the inner and outer tubes.

[0009] Optionally, a pressure sensor is also provided in the space between the inner tube and the outer tube, and the probe of the pressure sensor extends into the airbag to detect the air pressure inside the airbag.

[0010] Optionally, the outer tube passes through a junction box, which is fixedly connected to the outer tube. The junction box is equipped with terminals, and the control cable of the inflation / deflation mechanism is connected to the control device through the terminals. The signal cables of the pressure detection element and the flow detection element are connected to the control device through the terminals.

[0011] Optionally, the junction box is provided with a fixing plate, and the fixing plate is provided with fixing holes, so that the junction box can be fixed in a preset position through the fixing holes and fixing parts.

[0012] Optionally, the junction box is made of insulating and waterproof material.

[0013] Optionally, the inflation / deflation mechanism includes an air pump, which is connected to the airbag via a pipeline, and a solenoid valve is installed on the pipeline.

[0014] Optionally, it also includes a warning element, which is connected to the control device. The control device can control the warning element to work and issue an alarm signal when it receives flow information from the flow detection element that exceeds the threshold range.

[0015] Optionally, the flow detection element is an electromagnetic flow meter.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The diversion device of the present invention has an outer layer pipe outside the inner layer pipe for diversion, and a plurality of check valve groups are provided between the inner layer pipe and the outer layer pipe. The check valve groups connect the inner layer pipe and the outer layer pipe. Through the check valve groups, groundwater can be introduced into the inner layer pipe and then discharged. Moreover, a filter screen is provided at the inlet of the check valve, which can filter out fine particles, sludge and other impurities, and avoid the entry of fine particles, sludge and other impurities into the inner layer pipe and cause blockage, thus ensuring smooth drainage.

[0017] 2. In the diversion device of the present invention, the outlet end of the drainage pipe is connected to a flow detection element, the flow detection element is connected to a control device, and the control device is connected to an alarm element. Through the flow detection element, the flow rate of the diversion device can be monitored in real time. When the flow rate is abnormal, the alarm can be triggered by the alarm element, which facilitates the construction personnel to deal with the groundwater in a timely manner and ensures the construction safety of the tunnel.

[0018] 3. In the diversion device of the present invention, an air bladder is provided on the outer periphery of the outer tube. The air bladder is connected to the inflation and deflation mechanism. By inflating and deflation of the air bladder, the contact density between the air bladder and the drainage hole can be adjusted, and the local pressure can be changed, thereby realizing the regulation of the groundwater diversion flow. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the drain pipe in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the drain pipe in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the check valve structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the junction box structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Among them, 1. drain pipe, 2. junction box, 3. flow regulating mechanism, 4. check valve, 5. electromagnetic flow meter, 6. control device; 1-1. Outer tube; 1-2. Inner tube; 2-1. Box body; 2-2. Fixing plate; 2-3. Input terminal; 2-4. Output terminal; 2-5. Power supply terminal; 3-1. Air pump; 3-2. Solenoid valve; 3-3. Airbag; 3-4. Pressure sensor; 4-1. Filter screen, 4-2. Valve body, 4-3. Valve disc, 4-4. Valve cover, 4-5. Valve seat, 4-6. Spring; 6-1. Input interface, 6-2. Output interface, 6-3. External device interface, 6-4. Display screen, 6-5. Power button, 6-6. Function key. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Example 1 This embodiment provides a diversion device suitable for tunnels in water-rich soft rock formations, such as... Figures 1-3As shown, it includes a drain pipe 1, which includes an inner pipe 1-2 and an outer pipe 1-1 arranged coaxially. The outer pipe 1-1 is located outside the inner pipe 1-2. The outer pipe 1-2 is used to support the wall of the drain hole, and the inner pipe 1-1 is used to guide the drainage. Multiple check valve groups are provided between the inner pipe 1-2 and the outer pipe 1-1. The multiple check valve groups are equally spaced along the axial direction of the inner pipe 1-2 and the outer pipe 1-1. The check valve group has multiple check valves 4. The valve body 4-2 of the check valve 4 is fixedly connected to the inner pipe 1-2 and the outer pipe 1-1, thus connecting and fixing the inner pipe 1-2 and the outer pipe 1-1.

[0022] In this embodiment, the check valve group includes two sets of check valves 4. The two sets of check valves 4 are distributed along the axial direction of the inner tube 1-2 and the outer tube 1-1. Each set of check valves 4 has multiple check valves 4 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction along the inner tube 1-2 and the outer tube 1-1. Preferably, each set has four check valves 4, and adjacent check valves 4 are arranged at a 90° interval in the circumferential direction along the inner tube 1-2 and the outer tube 1-1.

[0023] The check valve 4 only allows groundwater to flow towards the inner pipe 1-2 and not in the reverse direction.

[0024] The inlet of the check valve 4 is located on the wall of the outer tube 1-1, and the outlet of the check valve 4 is located on the wall of the inner tube 1-2.

[0025] Correspondingly, the outer tube 1-1 and the inner tube 1-2 are provided with inlets corresponding to the check valve 4.

[0026] In this embodiment, the check valve 4 can adopt an existing check valve structure, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the device includes a valve body 4-2, a filter screen 4-1 at the inlet of the valve body 4-2, a valve cover 4-4 inside the valve body, and a water passage hole in the valve cover 4-4. Along the water flow direction, a valve disc 4-3 is provided on the downstream side of the valve cover 4-4. The valve disc 4-3 matches the water passage hole and can move along the axis of the valve body 4-2 to switch between the open and closed states of the water passage hole. The valve disc 4-3 is connected to the valve seat 4-5 through an elastic element. The valve seat 4-5 is located at the outlet of the valve body 4-2 and consists of two support rods arranged in a cross shape. The ends of the support rods are fixedly connected to the valve body 4-2. A support column is provided at the intersection of the two support rods. The elastic element is a spring 4-6, which is sleeved on the outer circumference of the support column. One end of the spring 4-6 is fixedly connected to the intersection of the two support rods, and the other end is fixedly connected to the valve disc 4-3.

[0027] In its natural state, under the elastic force of spring 4-6, valve disc 4-3 contacts valve cover 4-4, blocking the water passage. When water flows from the outside to the inside, under the action of water pressure, valve disc 4-3 overcomes the elastic force of spring 4-6 and moves away from valve cover 4-4, opening the water passage and allowing water to flow through the check valve from the outside. When water flows from the inside to the outside, under the action of water pressure, valve disc 4-3 blocks the water passage, preventing water from flowing from the inside to the outside.

[0028] Valve body 4-2 adopts a conical structure. Its larger end is fixedly connected to the wall of the outer tube 1-1 as the inlet, and its smaller end is fixedly connected to the wall of the inner tube 1-2 as the outlet. The conical structure of valve body 4-2, with the larger end serving as the inlet, increases the efficiency of water introduction and prevents backflow.

[0029] The valve body 4-2 is equipped with a filter screen 4-1 at the inlet, which is used to filter out fine particles, sludge and other impurities in the groundwater.

[0030] A flow regulating mechanism 3 is provided in the area between the outer tube 1-1 and the inner tube 1-2 between adjacent check valve groups to regulate the drainage flow in the inner tube 1-2. The flow regulating mechanism includes an inflation / deflation mechanism and an air bag 3-3. The inflation / deflation mechanism is connected to the corresponding air bag 3-3. The air bag 3-3 is wrapped around the outer periphery of the area between adjacent check valve groups in the outer tube 1-1.

[0031] The inflation / deflation mechanism can inflate and deflate the airbag 3-3, thereby causing the airbag 3-3 to expand or contract.

[0032] In this embodiment, the inflation / deflation mechanism includes an air pump 3-1, which is fixed in the space between the inner tube 1-2 and the outer tube 1-1. In this embodiment, the air pump 3-1 is a bidirectional air pump capable of both evacuation and deflation. Existing equipment can be used for the bidirectional air pump, which will not be described in detail here.

[0033] The air pump 3-1 is connected to the air bag 3-3 through an air tube, and correspondingly, the outer tube 1-1 is provided with holes for the air tube to pass through.

[0034] The trachea is equipped with a solenoid valve 3-2, which is used to control the switching between the open and closed states of the trachea.

[0035] The solenoid valve 3-2 is disposed in the space between the inner tube 1-2 and the outer tube 1-1. In this embodiment, the air pump 3-1, the solenoid valve 3-2 are fixedly connected to the inner tube 1-2 and / or the outer tube 1-1. Those skilled in the art can set it according to actual needs, and it will not be described in detail here.

[0036] Both the air pump 3-1 and the solenoid valve 3-2 are connected to the control device 6 via cables and can receive instructions from the control device 6 to operate.

[0037] Furthermore, a pressure detection element is provided in the space between the inner tube and the outer tube. The pressure detection element is a pressure sensor 3-4, which is fixed to the inner tube 1-2 and / or the outer tube 1-1. The probe of the pressure sensor 3-4 extends into the airbag 3-3 to detect the air pressure inside the airbag 3-3. Sealant is applied between the probe of the pressure sensor 3-4 and the airbag 3-3 for sealing. It is understood that those skilled in the art can also use other sealing methods to seal between the probe of the pressure sensor 3-4 and the airbag 3-3. Existing technology can be used, and it will not be described in detail here. The pressure sensor 3-4 is connected to the control device 6 and can transmit the detected air pressure information to the control device 6.

[0038] In this embodiment, the inflation / deflation mechanism can optimize the flow diversion efficiency by adjusting the inflation / deflation state of the airbag 3-3. The air pump 3-1 is used to inflate or deflate the airbag 3-3, the solenoid valve 3-2 controls the inflation / deflation process of the airbag, and the pressure sensor 3-4 monitors the pressure changes inside the airbag 3-3 in real time and transmits the data to the control device 6 for adjustment. When the airbag 3-3 is inflated, it expands and compresses the wall of the drainage hole, allowing more groundwater to flow to the area between two adjacent airbags 3-3, thereby allowing more water to flow to the check valve 4, thus increasing the water flow rate in the inner pipe 1-2. Conversely, deflating the airbag will reduce the water flow rate in the inner pipe 1-2.

[0039] Junction box 2 is fixedly connected to the outer tube 1-1. Junction box 2 includes a box body 2-1, which is made of insulating and waterproof material to protect the terminals and cable connections from external factors such as moisture and mud. Preferably, box body 2-1 is made of plastic to ensure stable protection and support during use. Box body 2-1 is equipped with terminals, and cables from various devices are connected to the terminals to achieve unified connection and distribution of signal and power cables. Junction box 2 is used for cable aggregation and protection. By setting up junction box 2, complex cable connections can be standardized, installation and maintenance operations can be simplified, and the overall system reliability and safety can be improved.

[0040] like Figure 5 As shown, the four corners of the box 2-1 are provided with fixing plates 2-2, and the fixing plates 2-2 are provided with fixing holes. The junction box 2 can be fixed in the preset position through the fixing holes and expansion screws, and at the same time, it can prevent the entire flow guiding device from moving.

[0041] The housing 2-1 is equipped with wiring terminals. The signal cable of the pressure sensor 3-4 is connected to the control device 6 through the wiring terminals on the housing 2-1. The cable of the pressure sensor is connected to the input terminal 2-3 on the housing 2-1. The input terminal 2-3 is connected to the corresponding output terminal through a signal line and then connected to the control device through the corresponding output terminal 2-4. The control cables of the solenoid valve 3-2 and the air pump 3-1 are connected to the control device through the wiring terminals on the housing 2-1. Specifically, the control cables of the solenoid valve 3-2 and the air pump 3-1 are connected to the output terminal 2-4 on the housing 2-1. The input terminal 2-3 on the housing 2-1 corresponding to the output terminal 2-4 is connected to the control device 6 through a control cable. The power supply cables of the pressure sensor 3-4, the solenoid valve 3-2, and the air pump 3-1 are connected to the power supply through the power terminal 2-5 on the housing 2-1, so that they are powered by the power supply.

[0042] The junction box 2 is provided with a flow detection element on its outer side. In this embodiment, the flow detection element is an electromagnetic flow meter 5 fixed to the drain pipe. The electromagnetic flow meter 5 is fixed to the inner tube and / or the outer tube. The probe of the electromagnetic flow meter 5 extends into the inner tube 1-2 to detect the water flow in the inner tube 1-2. The electromagnetic flow meter 5 is connected to the control device 6 and can transmit the detected water flow information to the control device 6.

[0043] In this embodiment, when the electromagnetic flowmeter 5 detects that the water flow rate of the inner tube 1-2 is too low, the air pump 3-1 starts, the solenoid valve 3-2 opens, and the air pump 3-1 inflates the air bladder 3-3. The air bladder 3-3 expands, squeezing the wall of the drain hole, allowing the water to flow better to the check valve 4, thereby increasing the water flow rate of the inner tube 1-2. When the electromagnetic flowmeter 5 detects that the water flow rate of the inner tube 1-2 is too high, the air pump 3-1 starts, the solenoid valve 3-2 opens, and the air pump 3-1 evacuates the air bladder 3-3. The air bladder 3-3 contracts, reducing the squeezing pressure on the wall of the drain hole, and the water flow rate of the inner tube 1-2 decreases. Through this dynamic adjustment, the inflation and deflation mechanism can effectively control the water flow path and improve the overall flow guiding efficiency of the flow guiding device.

[0044] The signal cable of the electromagnetic flowmeter 5 is connected to the control device 6 through the terminal block on the junction box 2. The junction box 2 can effectively organize and manage complex cables, simplify the cable connection process, and improve the installation and maintenance efficiency of the equipment.

[0045] Furthermore, it also includes a warning element, which is connected to the control device 6. The control device 6 can control the warning element to emit an alarm signal. In this embodiment, the warning element is a warning light.

[0046] The electromagnetic flowmeter 5 transmits real-time monitored data to the control device 6. The control device processes and analyzes the data to adjust the operating status of the entire flow guiding device. An alarm light can be activated when the drainage flow exceeds a threshold range. The color and flashing frequency of the alarm light can be set according to different situations to ensure that staff can quickly identify the problem and take appropriate measures.

[0047] The control device 6 includes a housing, inside which a controller is installed. In this embodiment, the controller is a CPU controller. The CPU controller is connected to the electromagnetic flowmeter 5 and the pressure sensor 3-4, and can receive information collected by the electromagnetic flowmeter 5 and the pressure sensor 3-4. The CPU controller is also connected to the solenoid valve 3-2 and the air pump 3-1 to control the operation of the solenoid valve 3-2 and the air pump 3-1. The controller is connected to a memory, which is used to store the data information collected by the pressure sensor 3-4 and the electromagnetic flowmeter 5. The housing is also equipped with a display screen 6-4, a function key 6-6 and a power switch 6-5 connected to the CPU controller. The CPU controller is connected to the signal cables of the electromagnetic flowmeter 5 and the pressure sensor 3-4 through the input interface 6-1 on the housing. The CPU controller is connected to the control cables of the solenoid valve 3-2 and the air pump 3-1 through the output interface 6-2. The housing is also equipped with a power supply, which is connected to the power terminal of the junction box through a power supply line.

[0048] The display screen 6-4 is used to display real-time detection data and the status of the entire flow guiding device. The power switch 6-5 and function key 6-6 facilitate user operation and settings. The CPU controller is used to process the incoming data and execute preset programs. The memory is used to store detection data and equipment operation records.

[0049] The CPU controller is also connected to an external device interface 6-3 located in the housing. The external device interface is used to connect an external editor. Users can use the external editor to program and debug the control device to meet different monitoring and control needs. The external editor and its usage method can be based on existing technology and will not be described in further detail here.

[0050] The working method of the flow guiding device in this embodiment is as follows: Step 1: Insert drain pipe 1 into the drain hole, ensuring that it is positioned correctly.

[0051] Step 2: Organize the cables of air pump 3-1, solenoid valve 3-2, electromagnetic flow meter 5, pressure sensor 3-4 and control device 6. Then connect the cables of air pump 3-1, solenoid valve 3-2, electromagnetic flow meter 5, pressure sensor 3-4, control device 6 and power supply through the input terminal 2-3, output terminal 2-4 and power supply terminal 2-5 of junction box 2 to ensure normal data and power transmission.

[0052] Step 3: Secure junction box 2. Specifically, use expansion bolts to secure junction box 2 to the predetermined position using the fixing plates 2-2 at the four corners of junction box 2.

[0053] Step 4: Connect the external editor to the external device interface 6-3 of the control device 6, and use the external editor to program and debug the CPU controller of the control device 6, and set parameters and control programs.

[0054] Step 5: Start the entire flow diversion device, check the working status of each component of the flow diversion device, and ensure that all components are working properly. Check the working status of air pump 3-1, solenoid valve 3-2, air bag 3-3 and pressure sensor 3-4 to ensure that the pressure regulation function is normal. Adjust the electromagnetic flow meter 5 and the warning light to ensure that the electromagnetic flow meter 5 and the warning light can accurately monitor the water flow and issue an alarm.

[0055] Step 6: View the real-time detection data through the display screen 6-4 of the control device 6 to ensure the stable and efficient operation of the flow guiding device. According to the water flow rate monitored in real time by the electromagnetic flow meter 5, when the monitored water flow rate exceeds the set threshold range, the warning light will sound an alarm. At the same time, the CPU controller will control the air pump 3-1 to inflate or deflate the air bag 3-3 so that the water flow rate is kept within the set threshold range.

[0056] Step 7: The control device's memory stores monitoring data, exports the data periodically for analysis, evaluates the operating effect of the diversion device, identifies and resolves potential problems, optimizes system design and operation, and improves overall efficiency and reliability.

[0057] In this embodiment, the diversion device has an outer pipe 1-1 outside the inner pipe 1-2 for diversion. Multiple check valve assemblies are installed between the inner and outer pipes 1-2, connecting them. These check valve assemblies allow groundwater to be diverted into the inner pipe 1-2 and then discharged. Furthermore, a filter screen 4-1 is installed at the inlet of the check valve 4 to filter out fine particles, sludge, and other impurities, preventing blockage caused by these particles entering the inner pipe 1-2 and ensuring smooth drainage. A flow detection element is connected to the outlet of the drainage pipe 1. This element is connected to a control device 6, which in turn is connected to an alarm element. The flow detection element monitors the diversion flow in real time. When an abnormal flow occurs, the alarm element triggers a response, facilitating timely response and handling of groundwater by construction personnel, ensuring tunnel construction safety. This diversion device is adaptable to complex water-rich soft rock tunnel environments.

[0058] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A diversion device suitable for tunnels in water-rich soft rock formations, characterized in that, The system includes a drain pipe, comprising an outer pipe and an inner pipe coaxially disposed inside the outer pipe. Multiple check valve assemblies are arranged along the axial direction between the outer and inner pipes. Each check valve assembly has multiple check valves. The valve bodies of the check valves connect and fix the inner and outer pipes. The inlet of the check valve is located on the wall of the outer pipe and is equipped with a filter screen. The outlet of the check valve is located on the wall of the inner pipe. The outer pipe portion corresponding to adjacent check valve assemblies is covered with an air bladder. The air bladder is connected to an inflation / deflation mechanism located between the inner and outer pipes. A flow detection element is connected to the outlet end of the drain pipe. The probe of the flow detection element extends into the inner pipe. The flow detection element is connected to a control device.

2. A diversion device suitable for water-rich soft rock tunnels as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The valve body of the check valve adopts a conical structure, with the smaller end fixed to the inner tube wall and the larger end fixed to the outer tube wall.

3. A diversion device suitable for water-rich soft rock tunnels as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The check valve group includes multiple sets of check valves distributed along the axial direction of the inner and outer tubes, and the same set of check valves has multiple check valves evenly distributed in the circumferential direction along the inner and outer tubes.

4. A diversion device suitable for water-rich soft rock tunnels as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A pressure sensor is also provided in the space between the inner tube and the outer tube. The probe of the pressure sensor extends into the airbag to detect the air pressure inside the airbag.

5. A diversion device suitable for water-rich soft rock tunnels as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The outer tube passes through a junction box, which is fixedly connected to the outer tube. The junction box is equipped with terminals. The control cable of the inflation / deflation mechanism is connected to the control device through the terminals. The signal cables of the pressure detection element and the flow detection element are connected to the control device through the terminals.

6. A diversion device suitable for water-rich soft rock tunnels as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The junction box is equipped with a fixing plate, and the fixing plate has fixing holes, so that the junction box can be fixed in a preset position through the fixing holes and fasteners.

7. A diversion device suitable for water-rich soft rock tunnels as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The junction box is made of insulating and waterproof material.

8. A diversion device suitable for water-rich soft rock tunnels as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inflation / deflation mechanism includes an air pump, which is connected to the airbag via a pipeline, and a solenoid valve is installed on the pipeline.

9. A diversion device suitable for water-rich soft rock tunnels as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a warning element, which is connected to a control device. The control device can control the warning element to work and issue an alarm signal when it receives flow information from the flow detection element that exceeds the threshold range.

10. A diversion device suitable for water-rich soft rock tunnels as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The flow detection element is an electromagnetic flow meter.

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