Energy-saving motor and electric fan

Abstract

An energy-saving motor and an electric fan relate to the field of energy-saving motors and comprise a motor shaft, a cooling fan and a blade cleaning device, the cooling fan is provided with fan blades, a rotating shaft lever and a blade seat, a plurality of mounting holes are arranged in the blade seat, limiting grooves and blade reset torsion springs are arranged in the blade mounting holes, and the rotating shaft lever is sleeved with the blade reset torsion springs. According to the energy-saving motor, the angle of the fan blades can be adjusted according to the rotating speed of the motor shaft, the dust on the fan blades can be cleaned in time, the rotating speed of the motor shaft can be adjusted, the rotating speed of the motor shaft can be adjusted, the rotating speed of the motor shaft can be adjusted, and the rotating speed of the motor shaft can be adjusted. The heat dissipation requirement of the motor can be met, the power consumption of the motor can be reduced, and the energy-saving effect of the motor is greatly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy-saving motors, in particular to an energy-saving motor for an electric fan. BACKGROUND

[0002] An electric fan is a widely used household appliance, which usually has multiple adjustment gears to adjust the air volume, corresponding to different rotating speeds of the motor. The motor generates heat during operation, and a cooling fan is usually provided on the motor shaft to rotate synchronously with the motor shaft to drive the air flow in the motor to quickly discharge the heat outside the motor. However, when the motor rotates at a high speed, the actual power of the motor is large, the heat generation is high, and the cooling demand is also greater. When the motor rotates at a low speed, the actual power of the motor is low, the heat generation is low, and the cooling demand is also smaller. For the existing motor, the cooling fan rotates synchronously with the motor shaft, and when the motor rotates at a low speed, the rotating speed of the cooling fan is also low. Although the cooling fan has a certain energy-saving effect compared with the cooling fan with a fixed rotating speed, it is still not enough. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, the present application provides an energy-saving motor and an electric fan, which can adjust the angle of the fan blades according to the rotating speed of the motor shaft, meet the cooling demand of the motor, reduce the power consumption of the motor, and greatly improve the energy-saving effect of the motor.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions.

[0005] 1. An energy-saving motor for driving an electric fan to rotate, comprising a motor shaft and a cooling fan, the cooling fan being sleeved on the motor shaft, the motor shaft being capable of driving the cooling fan to rotate to form a cooling air flow, the cooling fan comprising fan blades, a rotating shaft and a blade seat, the blade seat being provided with a blade mounting hole for mounting the fan blades, the rotating shaft being fixed to one side of the bottom end of the fan blades, the rotating shaft being inserted into the blade mounting hole and being capable of swinging to adjust the angle of the fan blades, the blade mounting hole being provided with a limiting groove and a blade reset torsional spring, the rotating shaft being provided with a limiting block, the limiting block being located in the limiting groove to limit the angle range of the swing of the fan blades, and the blade reset torsional spring being connected to the rotating shaft to provide an elastic force to the rotating shaft and the fan blades to reset the swing of the fan blades to the smallest angle. The greater the rotating speed of the motor shaft is, the greater the swing angle of the fan blades against the elastic force of the blade reset torsional spring is, and the greater the air volume of the cooling air flow generated at the same rotating speed is.

[0006] The connecting point of the rotating shaft and the fan blade is offset, not connecting the middle of the bottom end of the fan blade, so that the fan blade swings to a larger angle due to inertia when the cooling fan starts. The blade reset torsion spring provides a restoring force to swing the fan blade to the minimum angle. When the cooling fan rotates to generate a cooling airflow, the fan blade also receives the reaction force of the airflow. When the reaction force and the restoring force of the blade reset torsion spring are balanced, the fan blade does not swing. The faster the motor shaft rotates, the greater the power of the electric fan, and the greater the reaction force of the cooling airflow on the fan blade. The fan blade will reach a balance at a larger angle. At the same speed, the larger the angle of the fan blade, the greater the cooling airflow generated. According to this principle, when the electric fan is running at a low speed, the motor power is low, the motor shaft rotates at a low speed, the speed of the cooling fan is also low, and the angle of the fan blade is small. The amount of cooling airflow generated is also small, which can meet the cooling needs of the motor and reduce the load generated by the cooling fan, thereby reducing the power consumption of the motor and saving energy.

[0007] 2. On the basis of technical solution 1, a blade cleaning device is further provided, which includes a cleaning drive mechanism and a pair of brushes. The pair of brushes are arranged below the cooling fan and can be driven to move up and down by the cleaning drive mechanism. When the motor shaft rotates in reverse, the cleaning drive mechanism drives the pair of brushes to rise, and the two brushes can contact and brush off the dust on both sides of the fan blade when the cooling fan rotates in reverse.

[0008] After long-term use, dust on the air will be adsorbed on the fan blade. If too much dust accumulates on the fan blade, it will not only increase the load and cause the energy consumption to rise, but also may fall into the motor when the fan blade is working. Therefore, the fan blade needs to be cleaned regularly. To achieve automatic cleaning of the fan blade, the reverse rotation of the motor shaft drives the two brushes to rise and clean the dust on both sides of the fan blade, which can achieve all-round cleaning of the fan blade, effectively prevent the risk of dust falling into the motor when it accumulates too much, reduce the load of the motor, and ensure that the motor reaches the optimal energy-saving state. At the same time, the brushes can be retracted below the cooling fan when the motor rotates in the forward direction, which can effectively prevent the brushes from blocking the airflow generated by the fan blade and maintain the smoothness of the cooling flow channel when the motor shaft rotates in the forward direction.

[0009] 3. On the basis of technical solution 2, the cleaning drive mechanism includes a cleaning drive gear set, a bidirectional screw rod, a sliding block nut, and a brush clutch. The cleaning drive gear set is connected to the bidirectional screw rod and connected to the motor shaft through a one-way bearing. When the motor shaft rotates in reverse, the bidirectional screw rod is driven to rotate through the cleaning drive gear set. The bidirectional screw rod is provided with a bidirectional thread, the slider nut is sleeved on the bidirectional screw rod, when the slider nut is connected with the bidirectional thread, the unidirectional rotating bidirectional screw rod can drive the slider nut to move up and down, the brush is connected with the slider nut to be driven by the slider nut to move up and down; The upper and lower parts of the bidirectional screw rod are provided with the brush clutch; When the motor shaft reversely rotates, the bidirectional screw rod is rotated by the cleaning driving gear set, the lower brush clutch pushes the slider nut to move up to contact with the bidirectional thread, the slider nut is driven by the bidirectional screw rod to move up, the slider nut moves to the upper end of the bidirectional screw rod, the upper brush clutch adsorbs and fixes the slider nut to make the slider nut separate from the bidirectional thread, after the cleaning fan blade is completed, the upper brush clutch releases the slider nut, the slider nut slides down to contact with the bidirectional thread again to be driven by the rotating bidirectional screw rod to move down, when the slider nut moves down to the lowest position of the bidirectional thread, the slider nut falls to separate from the bidirectional thread.

[0010] The blade of the cleaning and heat-dissipating fan works at low frequency, most of the time is that the fan normally works, the cleaning driving gear set is connected with the motor shaft through the one-way bearing, so that the motor shaft only drives the bidirectional screw rod to rotate when reversely rotating, when the fan normally works, that is, when the motor shaft rotates forward, the motor shaft does not drive the bidirectional screw rod to rotate, so that the cleaning driving gear set and the bidirectional screw rod do not rotate with the motor shaft when the fan normally works, so that energy waste is avoided. When the blade of the cleaning and heat-dissipating fan is cleaned, the motor shaft reversely rotates, the brush clutch can make the brush separate from the bidirectional thread after the brush moves up to the position, so that the brush does not reciprocate up and down.

[0011] 4. On the basis of technical scheme 2, the blade cleaning device further comprises a brush reversing mechanism, the brush reversing mechanism is connected with the two brushes, and is used for driving the brushes to rotate by 180 degrees to reverse after each cleaning.

[0012] Since the brush moves up to clean the dust on the fan blade when the heat-dissipating fan reversely rotates, that is, the bristles on the brush are deviated to the same direction by the heat-dissipating fan each time the brush is cleaned, after multiple cleanings, the bristles on the brush are deviated to one side and are difficult to reset, so that the contact area of the heat-dissipating fan and the brush is reduced, the cleaning effect is affected, and the brush is easily damaged due to bending for a long time. The brush reversing mechanism is arranged, the brush reversing mechanism drives the brush to rotate by 180 degrees to reverse after each cleaning, so that the direction of the force between the heat-dissipating fan and the brush is opposite to that of the previous cleaning, so as to balance the force on the brush each time the brush is cleaned, and effectively prolong the service life of the brush.

[0013] 5. On the basis of technical scheme 4, the brush reversing mechanism comprises: The brush lifting base is connected to the cleaning drive mechanism. It has a circular insertion hole at the bottom and two positioning grooves symmetrically located at the top left and right ends of the side wall of the insertion hole. The positioning grooves have upward-facing guide slopes. The brush rotating base has a connector at the bottom that matches the insertion hole. Two positioning pins are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the connector. The positioning pins have downward-facing driving slopes. The connector is inserted into the insertion hole, and the two positioning pins are respectively inserted into two positioning slots. The connector has two spiral guide surfaces symmetrically arranged. Both brushes are fixed on the brush rotating base. The rotating top block is located below the brush lifting seat; During the descent of the brush lifting seat, the rotating top block inserts into the insertion hole and contacts the guide surface, lifting the brush rotating seat and causing it to move upward relative to the brush lifting seat. After both positioning pins are fully withdrawn from the two positioning slots, the brush rotating seat descends relative to the brush lifting seat under the action of gravity, while simultaneously being driven to rotate by the guide surface and the rotating top block. After the brush rotating seat stops rotating, the two positioning pins are located above the opposing positioning slots. During the re-ascent of the brush lifting seat, the driving slopes of the two positioning pins contact and slide relative to the guide slopes of the positioning slots below, driving the brush rotating seat to rotate. This allows the rotating top block to contact another section of the guide surface during the re-descent of the brush lifting seat.

[0014] During the descent of the brush lifting seat, the rotating top block inserts into the insertion hole and contacts the spiral guide surface, pushing the brush rotating seat upward and disengaging from the positioning groove. Subsequently, under the action of gravity, the rotating seat descends and automatically rotates along the guide surface. The positioning pin cooperates with the driving slope of the positioning groove. During the ascent, the relative sliding between the guide slope and the driving slope drives the brush rotating seat to rotate precisely, completing the 180-degree reversal of the brush. This ensures that the brush rotating seat can align with different guide surfaces each time it descends, achieving stable and repeatable direction switching, completing the reversal positioning, and ensuring that the brush can switch working directions after each cleaning cycle.

[0015] 6. Based on technical solution 2, the blade cleaning device also includes a cleaning baffle, a dust cover and a dust collection mechanism. The dust cover covers the brush and the cleaning baffle is located at the top of the cleaning cover to isolate the brush and the internal environment of the motor. The dust collection mechanism is located at the bottom of the dust cover to collect the dust that has been swept away. When the brush moves upward to clean, the cleaning baffle opens, and the swept dust falls into the collection mechanism for collection.

[0016] The dust after cleaning stays in the cleaning block or floats in the motor, and under the driving of the heat dissipation air flow, the dust is easy to be re-absorbed on the heat dissipation fan, thereby affecting the cleaning effect. By arranging the cleaning baffle, the dust cover and the dust collecting mechanism, the cleaned dust falls into the dust collecting mechanism and is isolated from the motor by the cleaning baffle and the dust cover, so that the cleaned dust is effectively prevented from re-entering the motor, and the cleaning effect is ensured.

[0017] 7. On the basis of technical scheme 6, the dust collecting mechanism comprises a collecting filter screen, a dust removal fan and a dust removal driving gear set, the dust removal driving gear set is driven by the motor shaft through the one-way bearing and is connected with the dust removal fan, so as to drive the dust removal fan to rotate through the dust removal driving gear set when the motor shaft reversely rotates. The collecting filter screen and the dust removal fan are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and when the brush sweeps, the dust removal fan rotates to generate negative pressure, and the cleaned dust falls into the collecting filter screen to be collected along the air flow.

[0018] Although the dust cover is arranged, the cleaned dust may still be scattered in the motor under the driving of the air flow of the fan blade, and by arranging the dust removal fan, the dust removal fan is driven to rotate by the reverse rotation of the motor shaft, and the negative pressure air flow generated by the dust removal fan guides the dust to fall on the collecting filter screen to be collected, so that the dust is effectively prevented from being scattered everywhere in the motor during the sweeping.

[0019] 8. An electric fan, which is provided with the energy-saving motor according to any one of technical schemes 1-7. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the electric fan; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy-saving motor of the application; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy-saving motor without the motor shell; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy-saving motor without the motor shell during cleaning; Figure 5 It is a partial exploded view of the heat dissipation fan; Figure 6 It is a partial structure schematic diagram of the blade cleaning device; Figure 7 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the brush and the brush reversing mechanism; Figure 8 It is a structure schematic diagram of the brush lifting seat; Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the brush when it moves down and cooperates with the brush reversing mechanism; Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the brush when it moves up and cooperates with the brush reversing mechanism; Figure 11 Structure diagram of dust cover.

[0021] Reference signs are: Motor body 1; Main fan 2; Motor shaft 3, main bearing 31; Heat dissipation fan 4, fan blade 41, rotating shaft 42, limiting block 421, blade seat 43, limiting groove 431, blade reset torsional spring 432, blade mounting hole 433; Blade cleaning device 5, cleaning drive mechanism 51, cleaning drive gear set 511, bidirectional screw rod 512, bidirectional thread 5121, slider nut 513, electromagnet 514, electric push rod 515, brush 52, brush lifting seat 531, plug-in hole 5311, positioning groove 5312, brush rotating seat 532, plug-in piece 5321, positioning pin 5322, guide surface 5323, rotating top block 533, cleaning baffle 54, baffle top block 541, dust cover 55, dust curtain 551, dust collection mechanism 56, dust removal fan 561, dust removal drive gear set 562, collection filter screen 563. Specific embodiments

[0022] The application will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0023] As Figure 1 shown, the electric fan of the embodiment includes an energy-saving motor for driving the fan to rotate, see Figures 1-3 The energy-saving motor includes a motor body 1, a motor shaft 3, and a heat dissipation fan 4. The heat dissipation fan 4 is sleeved on the motor shaft 3. When the motor shaft 3 rotates, the heat dissipation fan 4 is driven to rotate, so as to form a heat dissipation airflow to discharge the heat inside the motor to the outside of the motor.

[0024] In combination with Figure 5The heat-dissipating fan 4 comprises fan blades 41, a rotating shaft 42 and a blade base 43. The blade base 43 is provided with blade mounting holes 433 for mounting the fan blades 41. The rotating shaft 42 is fixed to one side of the bottom end of the fan blades 41. The rotating shaft 42 is inserted into the blade mounting holes 433 and can swing to adjust the angle of the fan blades 41. The plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the fan blades 41 is called the rotating plane. The angle between the fan blades 41 and the rotating plane is the angle of the fan blades 41. The blade mounting holes 433 are provided with a limiting groove 431 and a blade reset torsion spring 432. The limiting groove 431 prevents the heat-dissipating fan blades 41 from swinging excessively, so that the heat-dissipating airflow generated by the fan blades 41 at the maximum angle is the largest, and the fan blades 41 still have a basic airflow to maintain their swing to the maximum angle at the minimum angle. One end of the blade reset torsion spring 432 is fixed to the blade base 43, and the other end is screwed onto the rotating shaft 42 to provide a spring force to the rotating shaft 42 and the fan blades 41 to reset the swing of the fan blades 41 to the minimum angle. The rotating shaft 42 is provided with a limiting block 421, which is located in the limiting groove 431 to limit the angle range of the swing of the fan blades 41.

[0025] When the motor shaft 3 rotates, it drives the heat-dissipating fan 4 to rotate. As the adjusted gear changes, the rotation speed of the motor shaft 3 also changes, and the rotation speed of the heat-dissipating fan 4 also changes. Due to the bias of the fan blades 41, they swing to a larger angle under the action of inertia to overcome the spring force of the blade reset torsion spring 432. When the reaction force on the fan blades 41 and the spring force of the blade reset torsion spring 432 reach a balance, the fan blades 41 stop swinging. The faster the rotation speed of the motor shaft 3, i.e. the greater the power of the electric fan, the greater the reaction force of the heat-dissipating airflow on the fan blades 41, and the fan blades 41 will reach a balance with the spring force of the blade reset torsion spring 432 at a larger angle. According to this principle, when the electric fan operates at a low gear, the motor power is low, the rotation speed of the motor shaft 3 is low, the rotation speed of the heat-dissipating fan 4 is also low, the angle of the fan blades 41 is small, and the amount of heat-dissipating airflow generated is also small. The load on the motor from the heat-dissipating fan 4 is also smaller. When the adjusted gear is higher, the rotation speed of the motor shaft 3 is greater, the fan blades 41 of the internal heat-dissipating fan 4 swing to overcome the spring force of the blade reset torsion spring 432, the swing angle of the fan blades 41 is greater, and the amount of heat-dissipating airflow generated is greater. When the adjusted gear is lower, the rotation speed of the motor shaft 3 is smaller, the swing angle of the fan blades 41 is smaller, and the amount of heat-dissipating airflow generated is smaller. This design can not only meet the heat-dissipating requirements of the motor, but also reduce the load generated by the heat-dissipating fan 4 and the power consumption of the motor, making the motor more energy-efficient.

[0026] The fan blades 41 will absorb dust in the air during long-term use. If the dust accumulated on the fan blades 41 is too much, it will not only increase the load and cause the energy consumption to rise, but also the dust may be blown into the motor when the fan blades 41 work. Therefore, the fan blades 41 need to be cleaned regularly. Referring to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 , the energy-saving motor is also provided with a blade cleaning device 5, which includes a cleaning driving mechanism 51 and a pair of brushes 52. The pair of brushes 52 are arranged below the heat dissipation fan 4 and can be driven to move up and down by the cleaning driving mechanism 51. When the motor shaft 3 rotates reversely, the cleaning driving mechanism 51 drives the pair of brushes 52 to rise. The two brushes 52 can contact and brush off the dust on both sides of the fan blades 41 when the heat dissipation fan 4 reversely rotates. At this time, the fan blades 41 do not swing and are in the position with the smallest angle, which is relatively flat. The brushes 52 can clean the entire area of the fan blades 41, and the resistance of the heat dissipation fan 4 reversely rotating is the smallest.

[0027] Referring to Figure 4 and Figure 6The cleaning driving mechanism 51 comprises a cleaning driving gear set 511, a bidirectional screw rod 512, a sliding block nut 513 and a brush 52 clutch. The cleaning driving gear set 511 is connected with the bidirectional screw rod 512 and is connected with the motor shaft 3 through a one-way bearing (not shown in the figure). When the motor shaft 3 rotates forward, the cleaning driving gear set 511 does not rotate with the motor shaft 3, and the vane cleaning device 5 does not act, and the fan blade 41 is not cleaned. When the motor shaft 3 rotates reversely, the bidirectional screw rod 512 is driven to rotate through the cleaning driving gear set 511. The bidirectional screw rod 512 is provided with a bidirectional thread 5121. The sliding block nut 513 is sleeved on the bidirectional screw rod 512. When the sliding block nut 513 is connected with the bidirectional thread 5121, the one-way rotating bidirectional screw rod 512 can drive the sliding block nut 513 to move up and down. The brush 52 is connected with the sliding block nut 513 to be driven to move up and down by the sliding block nut 513. The upper and lower parts of the bidirectional screw rod 512 are provided with the brush 52 clutch. Specifically, the upper brush 52 clutch is an electromagnet 514, and the lower brush 52 clutch is an electric push rod 515. When the motor shaft 3 rotates reversely, the bidirectional screw rod 512 is driven to rotate through the cleaning driving gear set 511. The lower electric push rod 515 pushes the sliding block nut 513 to move up and contact with the bidirectional thread 5121. The sliding block nut 513 is driven to move up by the bidirectional screw rod 512. The sliding block nut 513 moves to the upper end of the bidirectional screw rod 512. The upper electromagnet 514 absorbs and fixes the sliding block nut 513 to make the sliding block nut 513 disengage from the bidirectional thread 5121. After the fan blade 41 is cleaned, the electromagnet 514 releases the sliding block nut 513. The sliding block nut 513 slides down to contact with the bidirectional thread 5121 to be driven to move down by the rotating bidirectional screw rod 512. When the sliding block nut 513 moves down to the lowest position of the bidirectional thread 5121, it falls off and disengages from the bidirectional thread 5121. The electromagnet 514 and the electric push rod 515 can avoid the brush 52 from moving up and down along the bidirectional thread 5121, effectively ensuring the stability of the brush 52 when cleaning the fan blade 41.

[0028] Further, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The external main fan 2 is connected with the motor shaft 3 through a main bearing 31. The main bearing 31 is a one-way bearing. When the motor shaft 3 rotates forward, the external main fan 2 rotates normally. When the motor shaft 3 rotates reversely, the external main fan 2 does not rotate.

[0029] When the motor shaft 3 rotates in the reverse direction, it drives the two brushes 52 to rise and clean the dust on both sides of the fan blades 41. This achieves all-around cleaning of the fan blades 41, effectively preventing the risk of dust falling into the motor when it accumulates excessively, and reducing the motor load to ensure the motor reaches its optimal energy-saving state. At the same time, the liftable brushes 52 retract below the cooling fan 4 when the motor rotates in the forward direction, which effectively prevents the brushes 52 from obstructing the airflow generated by the fan blades 41 and maintains unobstructed heat dissipation channels when the motor shaft 3 is working in the forward direction.

[0030] Because the brush 52 moves upward to clean the dust on the fan blades 41 when the cooling fan 4 rotates in the opposite direction, each time the cooling fan 4 pushes the bristles on the brush 52 in the same direction. After multiple cleanings, the wear on both sides of the brush 52 is different, and the bristles on the brush 52 will turn to one side and be difficult to return to their original position. This reduces the contact area between the cooling fan 4 and the brush 52, affecting the cleaning effect. Furthermore, long-term use can easily cause the brush 52 to bend and be damaged. (See also...) Figures 6-10 The blade cleaning device 5 also includes a brush 52 reversing mechanism, which is connected to the two brushes 52 and is used to drive the brushes 52 to rotate 180 degrees to change direction after each cleaning cycle. See also Figures 7-8 The brush 52 reversing mechanism includes a brush 52 lifting seat 531, a brush 52 rotating seat 532 and a rotating top block 533. The brush 52 lifting seat 531 is connected to the slider nut 513. A circular insertion hole 5311 is provided at its bottom. Two positioning grooves 5312 are symmetrically provided at the left and right ends of the top side wall of the insertion hole 5311. The positioning grooves 5312 are provided with upward guide slopes. The bottom of the brush 52 rotating seat 532 is provided with a connector 5321 that matches the connector hole 5311. Two positioning pins 5322 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the connector 5321. Each positioning pin 5322 has a downward-facing driving slope. The connector 5321 is inserted into the connector hole 5311, and the two positioning pins 5322 are respectively inserted into two positioning slots 5312, thereby fixing the brush 52 rotating seat 532 and preventing it from rotating. The connector 5321 is symmetrically provided with two spiral guide surfaces 5323. Both brushes 52 are fixed on the brush 52 rotating seat 532. A rotating top block 533 is located below the brush 52 lifting seat 531.

[0031] See Figure 9 During the descent of the brush 52 lifting seat 531, the rotating top block 533 inserts into the insertion hole 5311 and contacts the guide surface 5323, lifting the brush 52 rotating seat 532 so that it moves upward relative to the brush 52 lifting seat 531. After both positioning pins 5322 are completely pulled out from the two positioning slots 5312, the brush 52 rotating seat 532 descends relative to the brush 52 lifting seat 531 under the action of gravity, while simultaneously rotating driven by the guide surface 5323 and the rotating top block 533. See also Figure 10When the rotating top block 533 is located at the uppermost end of the guide surface 5323, the rotating seat 532 of the brush 52 stops rotating, and the two positioning pins 5322 are located above the opposite positioning grooves 5312, that is, the two positioning pins 5322 exchange positions. At this time, the brush 52 has not been rotated by 180 degrees. During the process of the lifting seat 531 rising again, the driving inclined surfaces of the two positioning pins 5322 are in contact with and slide relative to the guide inclined surfaces of the lower positioning grooves 5312, thereby driving the rotating seat 532 of the brush 52 to continue rotating until the two positioning pins 5322 are inserted into the corresponding positioning grooves 5312, and the two brushes 52 complete 180-degree switching. At this time, the two rotating top blocks 533 are aligned with the lowermost ends of the two guide surfaces 5323, respectively. During the process of the lifting seat 531 of the brush 52 descending again, the rotating top blocks 533 are in contact with the lowermost ends of the guide surfaces 5323 and then slide on the guide surfaces 5323, thereby driving the lifting seat 531 of the brush 52 to rotate.

[0032] During the process of the lifting seat 531 of the brush 52 descending, the rotating top block 533 is inserted into the insertion hole 5311 and in contact with the spiral guide surface 5323, thereby pushing the rotating seat 532 of the brush 52 to move upwards and be separated from the positioning groove 5312. Subsequently, the rotating seat is driven to descend and rotate automatically along the guide surface 5323 under the action of gravity. The positioning pin 5322 is matched with the driving inclined surface of the positioning groove 5312. During the process of ascending, the positioning pin 5322 is in relative sliding with the guide inclined surface and the driving inclined surface, thereby driving the rotating seat 532 of the brush 52 to rotate accurately, so as to complete 180-degree switching of the brush 52, to enable the rotating seat 532 of the brush 52 to be aligned with different guide surfaces 5323 during each time of descending, to realize stable and repeatable switching of the direction, to complete the positioning of switching, and to ensure that the brush 52 can switch the working direction after each time of cleaning.

[0033] After cleaning, the dust is left in the cleaning block or floating in the motor. Under the action of the cooling airflow, the dust is easy to be re-adsorbed on the cooling fan 4, thereby affecting the cleaning effect. Referring to Figure 4 、 Figure 11 The blade cleaning device 5 further includes a cleaning baffle 54, a dust cover 55, and a dust collecting mechanism 56. The dust cover 55 wraps around the brush 52, the cleaning baffle 54 is located at the upper end of the cleaning cover and is used for isolating the brush 52 and the internal environment of the motor, and the dust collecting mechanism 56 is located at the lower end of the dust cover 55 and is used for collecting the swept dust. The lifting seat 531 of the brush 52 is further provided with a baffle top block 541 on both sides, which abuts against the cleaning baffle 54 during cleaning. When the brush 52 moves upwards for cleaning, the cleaning baffle 54 is pushed to open, and the swept dust falls into the collecting mechanism for collection. Further, referring to Figure 11The dust cover 55 is provided with an opening, and the sliding block nut 513 extends into the dust cover 55 from the opening and is connected with the lifting seat 531 of the brush 52.

[0034] Referring to Figure 6 The dust collecting mechanism 56 comprises a collecting filter screen 563, a dust removing fan 561 and a dust removing driving gear set 562. The dust removing driving gear set 562 is driven by the bidirectional screw rod 512 and is connected with the dust removing fan 561, so that the dust removing fan 561 is driven to rotate by the dust removing driving gear set 562 when the motor shaft 3 reversely rotates. The dust removing driving gear set 562 is an acceleration gear set, which can further strengthen the negative pressure generated by the dust removing fan 561. The collecting filter screen 563 and the dust removing fan 561 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. When the brush 52 sweeps, the dust removing fan 561 rotates to generate negative pressure, and the swept dust falls along the negative pressure airflow and is collected on the collecting filter screen 563. By arranging the cleaning baffle 54, the dust cover 55 and the dust collecting mechanism 56, the swept dust falls along the negative pressure airflow of the dust removing fan 561 and is collected on the collecting filter screen 563, and the dust is isolated from the motor by the cleaning baffle 54 and the dust cover 55, so that the swept dust can be effectively prevented from re-entering the motor, and the sweeping effect is ensured.

[0035] The overall working process of the energy-saving motor is as follows: When the adjusted gear is higher, the rotating speed of the motor shaft 3 is higher, the fan blades 41 of the internal heat dissipation fan 4 overcome the elastic force of the blade reset torsional spring 432 to swing, the swing angle of the fan blades 41 is larger, and the generated heat dissipation airflow volume is larger. When the adjusted gear is lower, the rotating speed of the motor shaft 3 is smaller, the swing angle of the fan blades 41 is smaller, and the generated heat dissipation airflow volume is smaller.

[0036] When the motor shaft 3 reversely rotates, the plane formed by the fan blades 41 is almost perpendicular to the motor shaft 3, the motor shaft 3 rotates to drive the cleaning driving gear set 511, and further drives the bidirectional screw rod 512 to rotate. At this time, the electric push rod 515 is electrified to push the sliding block nut 513 to combine with the bidirectional screw thread 5121 on the bidirectional screw rod 512, so as to drive the brush 52 lifting seat 531 to move upwards, that is, the brush 52 moves upwards. When the brush 52 moves upwards, the cleaning baffle 54 is gradually opened. When the sliding block nut 513 moves to the uppermost end of the bidirectional screw thread 5121, the electromagnet 514 is electrified and attracts the sliding block nut 513, the brush 52 moves relative to the heat dissipation fan 4, and the swept dust falls along the negative pressure airflow and is collected on the collecting filter screen 563. After the sweeping is completed, the electromagnet 514 releases the sliding block nut 513, and the sliding block nut 513 is recombined with the bidirectional screw thread 5121, so as to drive the brush 52 lifting seat 531 to move downwards, that is, the brush 52 moves downwards.

[0037] Meanwhile, during the descending of the brush 52 lifting seat 531, the rotating top block 533 is inserted into the insertion hole 5311 and contacts with the spiral guide surface 5323. Under the action of gravity, the rotating seat is automatically rotated along the guide surface 5323 until the positioning pin 5322 is aligned with the driving rotation slope of the positioning slot 5312. When the brush 52 lifting seat 531 is lifted again, the guiding slope of the positioning slot 5312 slides against the driving rotation slope of the positioning pin 5322. The positioning pin 5322 is inserted into the corresponding positioning slot 5312, and the two brushes 52 complete 180-degree reversing.

[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. An energy-saving motor for driving an electric fan to rotate, comprising a motor shaft and a cooling fan, wherein the cooling fan is mounted on the motor shaft, and the motor shaft can drive the cooling fan to rotate to form a cooling airflow, characterized in that: The cooling fan includes fan blades, a rotating shaft, and a blade holder. The blade holder has blade mounting holes for mounting the fan blades. The rotating shaft is fixed to one side of the bottom end of the fan blade. The rotating shaft is inserted into the blade mounting hole and can swing to adjust the angle of the fan blade. The blade mounting hole has a limiting groove and a blade return torsion spring. The rotating shaft has a limiting block located in the limiting groove to limit the angle range of the fan blade swing. The blade return torsion spring is connected to the rotating shaft to provide elastic force to the rotating shaft and the fan blade to return the fan blade to its minimum swing angle. The higher the rotational speed of the motor shaft, the greater the oscillation angle of the fan blades against the elastic force of the blade return torsion spring, and the greater the airflow generated for cooling at the same rotational speed.

2. The energy-saving motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: It is also equipped with a blade cleaning device, which includes a cleaning drive mechanism and a pair of brushes. The pair of brushes are located below the cooling fan and can be driven up and down by the cleaning drive mechanism. When the motor shaft rotates in the reverse direction, the cleaning drive mechanism drives the pair of brushes to rise. The two brushes can contact and brush away the dust on both sides of the fan blades when the cooling fan rotates in the reverse direction.

3. The energy-saving motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cleaning drive mechanism includes a cleaning drive gear set, a bidirectional helical rod, a slider nut, and a brush clutch. The cleaning drive gear set is connected to the bidirectional helical rod and is connected to the motor shaft through a one-way bearing. When the motor shaft rotates in the reverse direction, it drives the bidirectional helical rod to rotate through the cleaning drive gear set. The bidirectional helical rod has a bidirectional thread, and the slider nut is sleeved on the bidirectional helical rod. When the slider nut is connected to the bidirectional thread, the bidirectional helical rod that rotates in one direction can drive the slider nut to move up and down. The brush is connected to the slider nut so that it can be driven to move up and down by the slider nut. The brush clutch is provided above and below the bidirectional spiral rod; When the motor shaft rotates in the reverse direction, the cleaning drive gear set drives the bidirectional spiral rod to rotate. The lower brush clutch pushes the slider nut upward to contact the bidirectional thread. The slider nut is driven upward by the bidirectional spiral rod. When the slider nut moves to the upper end of the bidirectional spiral rod, the upper brush clutch attracts and fixes the slider nut so that the slider nut disengages from the bidirectional thread. After cleaning the fan blades, the upper brush clutch releases the slider nut. The slider nut slides down and re-contacts the bidirectional thread, driven downward by the rotating bidirectional spiral rod. When the slider nut moves to the lowest position of the bidirectional thread, it falls off and disengages from the bidirectional thread.

4. The energy-saving motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The blade cleaning device also includes a brush reversing mechanism, which is connected to two brushes and is used to drive the brushes to rotate 180 degrees to reverse direction after each cleaning is completed.

5. The energy-saving motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The brush reversing mechanism includes: The brush lifting base is connected to the cleaning drive mechanism. It has a circular insertion hole at the bottom and two positioning grooves symmetrically located at the top left and right ends of the side wall of the insertion hole. The positioning grooves have upward-facing guide slopes. The brush rotating base has a connector at the bottom that matches the insertion hole. Two positioning pins are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the connector. The positioning pins have downward-facing driving slopes. The connector is inserted into the insertion hole, and the two positioning pins are respectively inserted into two positioning slots. The connector has two spiral guide surfaces symmetrically arranged. Both brushes are fixed on the brush rotating base. The rotating top block is located below the brush lifting seat; During the descent of the brush lifting seat, the rotating top block inserts into the insertion hole and contacts the guide surface, lifting the brush rotating seat and causing it to move upward relative to the brush lifting seat. After both positioning pins are fully withdrawn from the two positioning slots, the brush rotating seat descends relative to the brush lifting seat under the action of gravity, while simultaneously being driven to rotate by the guide surface and the rotating top block. After the brush rotating seat stops rotating, the two positioning pins are located above the opposing positioning slots. During the re-ascent of the brush lifting seat, the driving slopes of the two positioning pins contact and slide relative to the guide slopes of the positioning slots below, driving the brush rotating seat to rotate. This allows the rotating top block to contact another section of the guide surface during the re-descent of the brush lifting seat.

6. The energy-saving motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The blade cleaning device also includes a cleaning baffle, a dust cover, and a dust collection mechanism. The dust cover surrounds the brush, the cleaning baffle is located at the top of the cleaning cover to isolate the brush from the internal environment of the motor, and the dust collection mechanism is located at the bottom of the dust cover to collect the dust that has been swept away. When the brush moves upward to clean, the cleaning baffle opens, and the swept dust falls into the collection mechanism for collection.

7. The energy-saving motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dust collection mechanism includes a collection filter, a dust removal fan, and a dust removal drive gear set. The dust removal drive gear set is driven by the motor shaft through a one-way bearing and is connected to the dust removal fan so that the dust removal fan can be driven to rotate through the dust removal drive gear set when the motor shaft rotates in the opposite direction. The collection filter and dust removal fan are arranged from top to bottom. When the brush is cleaning, the dust removal fan rotates to generate negative pressure, and the dust swept down falls onto the collection filter along the airflow for collection.

8. An electric fan, characterized in that: The electric fan is equipped with an energy-saving motor as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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