Downward-pressing rotary sampling device taking spiral sampling cylinder as shaft

Abstract

The invention discloses a downward-pressing rotary sampling device taking a spiral sampling cylinder as a shaft, and relates to the technical field of mechanized sampling of bulk materials, the downward-pressing rotary sampling device comprises the spiral sampling cylinder, the spiral sampling cylinder is composed of a nonporous spiral blade and a cylinder body, the spiral blade is located in the cylinder body, and the outer edge of the spiral blade and the inner wall of the cylinder body are welded into a whole; the blade is divided into two sections from bottom to top, the lower section is a variable-pitch continuous spiral blade, and the upper section is an equal-pitch discontinuous spiral blade. The supporting piece is arranged outside the spiral sampling barrel, and the supporting piece and the spiral sampling barrel are rotationally supported through a supporting bearing set; the device further comprises a sampling device connecting end and a rotary driving connecting end. The non-porous variable-pitch continuous spiral and the non-porous equal-pitch discontinuous spiral are combined and are welded with the barrel into a whole, so that materials can be effectively prevented from falling, and finally, the leakage amount of the materials at the lower part is small, the leakage is indistinct, and the materials at the upper part are completely not leaked; and the lightweight of the sampling device is further realized by adopting the holeless helical blade and the hollow structure of the outer cover cylinder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanized sampling technology for bulk materials, and in particular to a downward rotary sampling device with a spiral sampling cylinder as its axis. Background Technology

[0002] In the trading of bulk commodities such as coal, petroleum coke, iron ore, and bauxite, "pricing based on quality" is a commonly followed pricing principle. Quality testing results directly affect transaction prices and the economic interests of both parties. The entire sample inspection process covers three stages: sampling, sample preparation, and testing. Among these, the sampling stage has an impact of over 80% on the sample testing results, making it a critical node in the entire quality control process. Furthermore, the design of the spiral sampling device determines the quality and efficiency of the sampling.

[0003] Traditional shafted spiral sampling devices employ a single-support design, with the spiral shaft resembling a cantilever mechanism. As the conveying distance increases, the shaft's rigidity gradually weakens, making it prone to friction between the spiral blades and the inner wall of the outer cylinder. To avoid this friction, a large gap is often reserved between the outer diameter of the spiral blades and the inner wall of the outer cylinder. However, when collecting a mixture of powdery and lumpy materials, this gap leads to continuous leakage of fine particles during the spiral's rotation and lifting process, especially significant loss of powdery materials. This directly affects the representativeness of the sample, resulting in a final sample that does not accurately reflect the overall quality of the material, thus impacting pricing fairness. Taking petroleum coke sampling as an example, the amount of powdered coke has a crucial impact on transaction pricing. If powdery materials are lost during sampling, it will lead to an inflated quality of the sample test results, resulting in unfair pricing and economic losses for one party in the transaction.

[0004] Furthermore, taking the coal industry as an example, according to the GB / T19494-2023 standard for mechanized coal sampling, the pitch and annular distance (distance between the shaft and the cylinder wall) of the mechanical screw should not be less than three times the nominal maximum particle size of the coal being sampled. To meet this standard, the diameter of traditional "shafted" screw devices needs to be greater than six times the nominal maximum particle size of the coal being sampled, thus significantly increasing the overall structural weight of the sampling device. During the sampling process, the weight of the sample contained between the screw blades further increases the total weight of the sampling device, leading to a series of problems. On the one hand, the increased inertia of the sampling device causes sluggish movements in starting, displacement, and lifting, extending the single sampling cycle and restricting the overall sampling efficiency; on the other hand, the excessively heavy structure not only places higher demands on the strength and power of the support system and drive device, but also significantly increases the energy consumption of the equipment, thereby driving up the overall sampling cost.

[0005] Therefore, traditional "shafted" spiral sampling devices, due to their structure in which the spiral blades are welded to the central core shaft, generally suffer from the problem of powdery material leakage during the sampling and lifting process caused by the gap between the spiral blades and the cylinder wall, which affects the representativeness of the sample. They also have problems such as excessive weight and high operating energy consumption.

[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies have developed "shaftless" spiral sampling devices, designed to reduce weight and energy consumption. However, new technical problems still arise in the practical application of existing "shaftless" spiral sampling devices.

[0007] For example, the existing patent CN221764951U proposes a soil sampling and collection device for soil microbial testing. Although the design eliminates the central shaft to reduce weight, the spiral blades have excessive deflection due to the lack of central support. During operation, they inevitably rub and collide with the cylinder wall, resulting in new noise, wear, and energy consumption. To alleviate this problem, a larger gap must be reserved, which exacerbates material leakage, especially the loss of powdery materials.

[0008] For example, the existing patent CN 204214669 U proposes a shaftless spiral sampling head device for coal. Although this design adds a skeleton to the shaftless blades to improve rigidity, it uses a single-support structure, meaning the blades will still deform under stress. Furthermore, its "hollow spiral cavity" design is inherently difficult to achieve effective material sealing, and leakage problems still exist. Especially in scenarios such as bulk commodity sampling where sample representativeness is extremely important, leakage of powdery materials during sampling has a significant impact on the complete representativeness of the sample.

[0009] In conclusion, neither traditional "shafted" nor "shaftless" spiral designs can simultaneously achieve good leak-proof performance and lightweight structure.

[0010] Furthermore, existing sampling devices are unsuitable for sampling bulk materials packaged in woven bags. Their spiral blades extend too far out of the cylinder, easily becoming entangled in the woven bag fibers during sampling. Simultaneously, the sampling blades can easily damage the bottom of the material-bearing compartment, and may even cause structural deformation. The device lacks an effective bottom-bounce function, which not only affects the continuity and smoothness of the sampling process but may also puncture the material compartment, damaging the spiral structure of the sampling device. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a downward rotary sampling device with a spiral sampling cylinder as the axis. By using the spiral sampling cylinder itself as the transmission shaft, the leakage of materials during the sampling process is significantly reduced, achieving leak-proof performance and lightweight structure, thereby effectively ensuring the integrity and representativeness of the sampled material.

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A downward-pressure rotary sampling device with a spiral sampling cylinder as its axis, comprising: A spiral sampling cylinder includes a non-porous spiral blade and a cylinder body. The non-porous spiral blade is located inside the cylinder body and its outer edge is welded to the inner wall of the cylinder body. The non-porous spiral blade is divided into two sections from bottom to top: the lower section is a variable pitch continuous spiral blade, which is used to prevent the material from falling; the upper section is a constant pitch discontinuous spiral blade, which is used to allow the material to move along the spiral trajectory; the two sections are kept axially spaced. A support member is provided outside the spiral sampling cylinder to support the spiral sampling cylinder and connect to the external pressing mechanism; The sampling device connection end is located outside the support member and is used to connect the pressing mechanism to control the displacement of the sampling device and provide the downward pressure acting on the material; The rotary drive connection end is located at the upper end of the spiral sampling cylinder and is used to connect an external drive device to provide rotational driving force.

[0013] Furthermore, the support member is an outer cover cylinder, which forms a double-layer structure with the spiral sampling cylinder, and the two are rotatably supported by an upper support bearing assembly and a lower support bearing assembly.

[0014] Furthermore, the support is a support, and the support and the spiral sampling cylinder are rotatably supported by a support support bearing assembly.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a toothed structure located at the lower end of the spiral sampling cylinder, used to break up large pieces, hardened or frozen materials.

[0016] Furthermore, in the sampling scenario of woven bag packaging materials, the sampling device also includes a bladed cutting notch. When the support is an outer cover cylinder, the bladed cutting notch is located at the lower end of the outer cover cylinder; when the support is a support, the bladed cutting notch is located at the lower end of the spiral sampling cylinder. When the sampling device is pressed down, the bladed cutting notch can cut a circular opening with the same diameter along the outer cover cylinder or the spiral sampling cylinder.

[0017] Furthermore, the cutting notch includes at least three notches, with a corresponding number of blunt feet between each notch. When the sampling head is pressed down and rotated, the blunt feet on the outer casing or spiral sampling cylinder continuously press down on the bottom plate of the material compartment for a period of time, increasing the pressure in the hydraulic circuit of the pressing mechanism (this circuit is equipped with a pressure sensor). When the sensor detects that the pressure reaches a preset threshold, it sends an electrical signal to the controller; the controller then sends a command to the proportional multi-way valve controlling the pressing and rotating mechanism and reverses its direction, driving the entire sampling device to rise, thereby achieving the bottom-reaching rebound function and preventing the bottom plate of the material compartment from being chiseled through.

[0018] Furthermore, the length of the variable pitch continuous helical blade is shorter than that of the constant pitch discontinuous helical blade.

[0019] Furthermore, the pitch of the variable pitch continuous helical blade gradually increases from bottom to top.

[0020] Furthermore, the spiral sampling cylinder and the outer casing cylinder maintain a radial distance and have relative movement.

[0021] Furthermore, the upper support bearing assembly includes an upper bearing and an upper bearing cover plate, and the lower support bearing assembly includes a lower bearing and a lower bearing cover plate. Rotary discs are welded to the upper and lower ends of the outer wall of the cylinder. O-rings are installed between the rotary discs and the inner wall of the outer cover cylinder. Rotary sealing rings are installed on both the upper and lower bearing cover plates to prevent external powdery materials from entering the bearing and to ensure smooth operation of the bearing.

[0022] The upper bearing is supported between the upper bearing cover plate and the upper rotary table, and the lower bearing is supported between the lower bearing cover plate and the lower rotary table.

[0023] The outer wall of the outer casing is also provided with several connecting ears, which serve as the connection ends of the sampling device of the outer casing.

[0024] Furthermore, the upper end of the cylinder is closed, while the lower end is open.

[0025] Furthermore, the outer casing can be designed as a hollow cylindrical structure to reduce the weight of the sampling device.

[0026] Furthermore, the support bearing assembly includes a thrust ball bearing and a deep groove ball bearing, and also includes a bearing cap, wherein the bearing cap presses against the deep groove ball bearing, and a spacer sleeve is installed between the two bearings. The support bearing assembly also includes a lock nut, which presses against the deep groove ball bearing. Furthermore, both the lower end of the support and the deep groove ball bearing cap are equipped with a support rotation seal ring.

[0027] Furthermore, the top of the support also has a mounting flange, and the rotary drive mechanism is connected to the mounting flange of the support.

[0028] Furthermore, the support is also provided with a support groove and a support ear plate, which serve as the connection end of the sampling device of the support.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this invention are: Compared with existing technologies, the device of this invention is designed for industrial sampling scenarios such as coal and minerals, which involve both powdery and lumpy materials, are prone to leakage during sampling, and have strict requirements for sample representativeness. While meeting the requirements of national sampling standards or relevant regulations, it ensures that the sampling device meets the material particle size requirements by integrating the spiral sampling cylinder body with the non-porous spiral blades, using a double bearing support structure and a segmented leak-proof spiral structure. This achieves full-face sampling and results in a leak-proof and lightweight sampling device. It not only solves the problems of traditional sampling devices being bulky and prone to leakage, but also effectively improves the representativeness of the sampled material.

[0030] The beneficial effects of this invention are specifically reflected in: (1) By integrating the non-porous spiral blades with the inner wall of the cylinder, and combining the design of continuous spiral blades with intermittent spiral blades with variable pitch, the sampling device can form a bottom-up block on the material after sampling, significantly reducing the leakage of the material during the sampling and lifting process, ensuring the physical integrity of the sample during the entire process of collection, lifting and unloading, thereby improving the representativeness of the sample and providing a reliable basis for subsequent quality-based pricing.

[0031] (2) The sampling device adopts a non-perforated spiral blade, eliminating the central shaft of the traditional sampling device. The integrated design with the sampling cylinder can greatly reduce the diameter of the cylinder, achieving structural simplification and reducing the overall weight of the sampling device. In addition, the outer cover has a hollow structure, further achieving lightweighting. This design makes the sampling robotic arm more flexible and responsive, effectively shortening the sampling cycle and improving work efficiency.

[0032] (3) The sampling device adopts a double-layer structure of outer cover and spiral sampling tube. The outer cover and the tube body are supported by upper and lower bearing groups, or a support connection structure of support and spiral sampling tube is adopted. The support and the tube body are supported by support bearing group. The high coaxiality ensures the high stability of the transmission process. The non-porous spiral blade and the tube body are integrated into a shaft and tube integrated component with a semi-closed spiral cavity. This design effectively solves the problem of excessive deflection caused by the lack of central support in traditional "shaftless" spiral sampling devices. It avoids the disadvantages of high noise, severe wear and high energy consumption caused by friction and collision between the blade and the tube wall during operation. At the same time, it eliminates the sway and vibration caused by shaft deflection or blade deformation, thereby improving the overall reliability of the sampling device.

[0033] (4) The lower end of the outer casing or spiral sampling tube is equipped with a cutting notch, which can effectively deal with the sampling scenario of woven bag packaged materials. The notches naturally form a number of blunt feet, which, together with the pressure information feedback function of the pressing device, can sense the pressure change when the sampling head is pressed down to the bottom of the compartment and achieve bottom rebound, effectively avoiding the problem of chiseling through the compartment, and further expanding the applicable scenarios and practical performance of the sampling device. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention (when the support member is an outer cover cylinder); Figure 2 This is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention (when the support member is an outer cover cylinder); Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an embodiment of the present invention (when the support member is an outer cover). Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of a section at point B in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of an embodiment of the present invention (when the support is a bracket); Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 CC section view; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of a section at point D; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the E direction.

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Spiral sampling cylinder; 11. Non-perforated spiral blade; 111. Constant pitch discontinuous spiral blade; 112. Variable pitch continuous spiral blade; 12. Cylinder body; 2. Outer cover cylinder; 31. Connecting lug; 32. Support groove; 33. Support lug plate; 4. Rotary drive connection end; 5. Toothed structure; 6. Upper support bearing assembly; 61. Upper bearing; 62. Upper bearing cover plate; 63. Upper rotary disc; 64. Upper rotary sealing ring; 65. Upper O 7. Lower support bearing assembly; 71. Lower bearing; 72. Lower bearing cover plate; 73. Lower rotary table; 74. Lower rotary seal ring; 75. Lower O-ring seal ring; 8. Cut notch with blade; 9. Support; 10. Support bearing assembly; 101. Thrust ball bearing; 102. Deep groove ball bearing; 103. Spacer sleeve; 104. Bearing gland; 105. Lock nut; 106. Support rotary seal ring; 107. Mounting flange. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0037] A downward-pressing rotary sampling device with a spiral sampling cylinder as its axis is mainly suitable for vertical or inclined full-face sampling of bulk materials carried by automobiles, trains, or stockpiles. During downward sampling, the device achieves full-face sampling (i.e., sampling the entire end face of the material covered by the sampling device in one go, ensuring that all materials within that end face are collected without discrimination). During upward lifting, the variable-pitch continuous spiral blades prevent material from falling, resulting in minimal leakage of lower materials and indiscriminate leakage (i.e., both powdery and lumpy materials leak simultaneously without selectivity), while the upper materials leak completely, thus improving sampling representativeness. After sampling, rapid unloading is achieved.

[0038] like Figure 1-3 As shown, in one possible embodiment, it includes an integrated spiral sampling cylinder 1, an outer cover cylinder 2 as a support member, a connecting ear 31 as a sampling device connection end, a rotary drive connection end 4, and a toothed structure 5.

[0039] Specifically: The spiral sampling cylinder 1 includes a non-perforated spiral blade 11 and a cylinder body 12. The spiral sampling cylinder 1 is the core working component of this device. It adopts a structure where the non-perforated spiral blade 11 and the cylinder body 12 are welded together as a single unit, eliminating the central shaft found in traditional sampling devices. This integrated design of the non-perforated spiral blade 11 and cylinder body 12 allows the spiral sampling cylinder 1 to function as both a conveying and transmission shaft. Specifically, the spiral sampling cylinder 1 contains segmented non-perforated spiral blades 11. The outer edge of the non-perforated spiral blade 11 is welded to the inner wall of the cylinder body 12, and there is no gap between the outer diameter of the non-perforated spiral blade 11 and the inner wall of the cylinder body 12, forming a non-perforated, multi-segmented spiral cavity. The preferred method of fixing the non-perforated spiral blade 11 and the cylinder body 12 is welding, or the two are manufactured using an integral molding process. This structure eliminates the need for a central shaft, freeing up internal space and allowing for a reduction in the overall diameter while maintaining the conveying capacity, significantly reducing the weight of the device and achieving lightweight design. In addition, since the non-porous helical blade 11 and the cylinder 12 are an integrated structure, there is no relative movement between them, thus avoiding noise caused by insufficient shaft rigidity or friction.

[0040] The non-porous helical blade 11 is divided into two sections from bottom to top, with a certain axial spacing between the two sections. The lower section is a variable-pitch continuous helical blade 112, and the upper section is a constant-pitch discontinuous helical blade 111. The variable-pitch continuous helical blade 112 is shorter than the constant-pitch discontinuous helical blade 111. The pitch of the variable-pitch continuous helical blade 112 gradually increases from bottom to top. Its function is to quickly intercept the material and initially lift it upwards when the sampling device cuts into the material pile, using the changing pitch. It also helps to effectively prevent the material from falling back after sampling, preventing small amounts of sample, especially powdery and fine particulate matter, from leaking from the bottom. The upper constant-pitch discontinuous helical blade 111 continuously and stably pushes the material upwards during the lifting process, working in conjunction with the lower variable-pitch continuous helical blade 112 to ensure continuous upward pushing of the material and prevent leakage.

[0041] The spiral sampling cylinder 1 is placed inside an outer casing cylinder 2.

[0042] The outer casing 2 is preferably a hollow cylindrical structure, which serves as a support and guide for the spiral sampling cylinder 1, thus protecting and guiding the internal structure while reducing the overall weight.

[0043] The spiral sampling cylinder 1 is rotatably supported inside the outer cover cylinder 2 by the upper support bearing assembly 6 and the lower support bearing assembly 7, and a certain radial distance is maintained between the spiral sampling cylinder 1 and the outer cover cylinder 2 to ensure smooth rotation and no interference.

[0044] The upper end of the spiral sampling cylinder 1 is provided with a rotary drive connection end 4 for connecting to an external drive mechanism (not shown in the figure), such as a motor or hydraulic motor. When the power system is started, the drive mechanism drives the rotary drive connection end 4 to drive the entire spiral sampling cylinder 1 to rotate at high speed. Preferably, the rotary drive connection end 4 and the spiral sampling cylinder 1 are an integral structure. The rotary drive connection end 4 includes a fixed disk (not shown in the figure) fixedly connected to the top port of the spiral sampling cylinder 1 and a transmission shaft (not shown in the figure) fixedly connected to the center position of the top of the fixed disk. Preferably, the fixed disk and the transmission shaft are an integral structure. The output end of the drive mechanism is connected to the transmission shaft to realize the drive. In addition to serving as an intermediate connecting part between the transmission shaft and the spiral sampling cylinder 1, the fixed disk is also used to seal the top port of the spiral sampling cylinder 1 to block the material entering the spiral sampling cylinder 1.

[0045] The outer wall of the outer casing 2 is fixedly connected to the connecting lug 31 near its upper end. The connecting lug 31 is connected to an external linear drive mechanism (not shown in the figure), such as a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod. By controlling this linear drive mechanism, the displacement of the pressing device can be precisely controlled, thereby precisely controlling the sampling depth of the entire sampling device and the magnitude of the downward pressure applied to the material. Several connecting lugs 31 are provided, preferably four, and the connecting lugs 31 avoid the open areas of the outer casing 2.

[0046] It should be noted that both the drive mechanism and the linear drive mechanism are existing technologies, and this application does not involve any improvements to them, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0047] More specifically, in combination Figure 4-5 Specifically, the upper support bearing assembly 6 includes an upper bearing 61 and an upper bearing cover plate 62. An upper rotary disk 63 is welded to the upper end of the spiral sampling cylinder 1. The inner ring of the upper bearing 61 is supported on the upper rotary disk 63, while its outer ring is supported on the upper bearing cover plate 62 fixed to the upper end of the outer casing 2. Similarly, the lower support bearing assembly 7 includes a lower bearing 71 and a lower bearing cover plate 72. A lower rotary disk 73 is welded to the lower end of the spiral sampling cylinder 1. The inner ring of the lower bearing 71 is supported on the lower rotary disk 73, while its outer ring is supported on the lower bearing cover plate 72 fixed to the lower end of the outer casing 2. Preferably, both the upper bearing 61 and the lower bearing 71 are self-aligning roller bearings. Their automatic self-aligning function can compensate for coaxiality errors caused by processing or assembly, and allow the spiral sampling cylinder 1 to operate stably at relatively high speeds. Relatively high speeds not only make the reverse unloading action smoother but also help reduce material adhesion to the cylinder wall.

[0048] To further improve the service life of the bearings under harsh working conditions, a sealing cavity for the upper bearing 61 is formed by the upper bearing cover plate 62 and the upper rotary disk 63 in the cavity formed at the radial interval between the spiral sampling cylinder 1 and the outer cover cylinder 2, and a sealing cavity for the lower bearing 71 is formed by the lower bearing cover plate 72 and the lower rotary disk 73. In addition, sealing elements are provided between the upper rotary disk 63 and the lower rotary disk 73 of the cylinder 12 and the inner wall of the outer cover cylinder 2, and between the upper bearing cover plate 62, the lower bearing cover plate 72 and the cylinder 12. The sealing elements can be O-rings and rotary seals made of rubber, see [link to documentation]. Figure 4-5 These are the upper rotary seal 64, the upper O-ring seal 65, the lower rotary seal 74, and the lower O-ring seal 75, which can effectively prevent external dust, moisture, and other foreign objects from entering the bearing and significantly extend the bearing's service life.

[0049] In addition, see Figure 5 The device also includes a toothed structure 5. The toothed structure is a toothed cylinder, and the lower end of the spiral sampling cylinder 1 is fixedly connected to the toothed cylinder by welding or threaded connection. The toothed cylinder consists of a cylinder body and a ring of breaking teeth evenly spaced along the outer circumference of the lower end port of the cylinder body. Alternatively, the toothed structure 5 can be directly the breaking teeth, which are evenly spaced along the outer circumference of the lower end port of the spiral sampling cylinder 1. The breaking teeth are connected to the spiral sampling cylinder 1 by welding or integral molding. When the sampling device cuts into the material pile, it pre-breaks any large pieces, caking, or frozen materials it may encounter, effectively reducing downward pressure resistance and ensuring that the sampling device can smoothly cut in and start the subsequent lifting and conveying process.

[0050] Back Figure 1-3 To adapt to sampling scenarios involving bulk materials in flexible packaging such as woven bags, the sampling device also includes a cutting notch 8 with a blade. The cutting notch 8 is located on the lower outer edge of the outer casing 2, and the connection method is preferably welding. When the sampling device is pressed down, the cutting notch 8 can cut a circular opening with the same diameter as the outer casing. The lower part of the outer casing 2 has three or more cutting notches, and a corresponding number of blunt feet are naturally formed between each notch. When the entire sampling device is pressed down and rotated, the blunt feet of the outer casing 2 continuously press down on the bottom plate of the material compartment for a period of time, and the pressure in the hydraulic circuit of the pressing mechanism will increase (this circuit is equipped with a pressure sensor). When the sensor detects that the pressure reaches a preset threshold, it sends an electrical signal to the controller; the controller then sends a command to the proportional multi-way valve controlling the pressing and rotating mechanism and reverses its direction, driving the entire sampling device to rise, thereby achieving the bottom-reaching rebound function and preventing the bottom plate of the material compartment from being pierced. This further expands the applicability and practicality of the sampling device. It should be noted that the sensor and controller are existing technologies, and this application does not involve improvements to them; therefore, they will not be described in detail here.

[0051] In another possible embodiment, such as Figure 6-9 As shown, the support component is a support 9. The function of the support 9 is the same as that of the outer cover cylinder 2, which is to provide support and connect with the external pressing mechanism.

[0052] The support 9 and the spiral sampling cylinder 1 are rotatably supported by the support bearing assembly 10.

[0053] Specifically, the support bearing assembly 10 includes a thrust ball bearing 101 and a deep groove ball bearing 102, with a spacer sleeve 103 between the two bearings. The thrust ball bearing 101 bears axial force, and the deep groove ball bearing 102 bears radial force. The bearings support the cylinder 12 and give it relative rotational freedom with respect to the support 9. It also includes a bearing cap 104, which presses the deep groove ball bearing 102 to fix it axially. Furthermore, it includes a lock nut 105, which presses against the deep groove ball bearing 102 to restrict the axial freedom of the cylinder, bearing, and support.

[0054] It should be noted that the thrust ball bearing 101 and deep groove ball bearing 102 used in this application are merely specific embodiments and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that, under the premise of satisfying the same or similar functions, other bearing types or structural arrangements that can achieve the same function should also be considered to be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

[0055] Both the lower end of the support 9 and the cover of the deep groove ball bearing 102 are equipped with a support rotary seal ring 106, which can effectively prevent dust and other impurities from entering the bearing, making the cylinder rotate more smoothly. The bearing cover 104 supports the support rotary seal ring 106 to remain stationary, ensuring radial sealing of the entire support device.

[0056] The support 9 also has a mounting flange 107 on top. The rotary drive mechanism is connected to the mounting flange 107 of the support 9. The output shaft of the rotary drive mechanism is connected to the rotary drive connection end 4 and transmits power to the spiral sampling cylinder 1.

[0057] At this time, the sampling device connection end is the support groove 32 and the support ear plate 33 opened on the support 9, see Figure 9 The support slide 32 is installed on the guide rail of the pressing mechanism and can slide to play a guiding role; the support ear plate 33 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the support 9 and is connected to the linear drive mechanism of the pressing mechanism. After the linear drive mechanism works, the entire sampling device moves in a straight line.

[0058] Furthermore, when the support is a bracket 9, the lower end of the spiral sampling cylinder 1 can be either a notch with a cutting edge 8 or a toothed structure 5. The specific implementation method can be determined according to the actual application scenario. The application scenario of the notch with a cutting edge 8 or the toothed structure 5 is the same as that when the support is an outer cover cylinder 2, and will not be described again here. See Figure 6-7 The diagram shows a spiral sampling cylinder 1 with a cutting notch 8 at the lower end.

[0059] The working process of the sampling device in this application is as follows: Sampling and pressing stage: The linear drive mechanism inside the pressing mechanism pushes the entire sampling device downward through the drive sampling device connection end, causing the entire sampling device to cut into the material pile. At the same time, the external rotary mechanism drives the spiral sampling cylinder 1 to rotate through the rotary drive connection end 4, causing the cylinder 12 with non-porous spiral blades 11 to rotate at high speed. The toothed structure 5 at the bottom of the spiral sampling cylinder 1 first breaks up large pieces or clumps of material encountered, reducing resistance during pressing.

[0060] Under the combined action of continuous downward pressure and rotation, the material encased in the cylinder 12 is pushed upwards into the cylinder 12 by the rotating, non-porous helical blades 11. Specifically, the lower section of the variable-pitch continuous helical blades 112 initially pushes the material upwards, and then the material continues to rise under the downward pressure to the upper section of the constant-pitch discontinuous helical blades 111. The constant-pitch discontinuous helical blades 111 then continue to push the material upwards, achieving full-face sampling.

[0061] Sampling and Lifting Stage: After the sampling device reaches the preset sampling depth and completes material collection at that cross-section, the internal linear drive mechanism of the pressing mechanism lifts the entire sampling device out of the material pile. Simultaneously, the sampling device drive mechanism continues to rotate, and the cylinder 12 drives the non-perforated spiral blades 11 to continue rotating. Due to the spiral blades' helix angle, they continuously lift the material upwards. The lower section of the variable-pitch continuous spiral blades 112 prevents the material from falling, while the upper section of the constant-pitch intermittent spiral blades 111 continuously pushes the material upwards. The structural characteristics of the lower section of the variable-pitch continuous spiral blades 112, combined with the axial spacing between the upper and lower blades, effectively trap and prevent the fallen material, greatly reducing leakage losses. Ultimately, this results in minimal and indiscriminate leakage of the lower material, while the upper material leaks completely.

[0062] Unloading stage: By controlling the reversing valve of this circuit in the hydraulic system, the drive mechanism of the spiral sampling cylinder 1 is rotated in the opposite direction. The spiral blades exert a downward axial thrust on the material, which can quickly send the material out of the cylinder to achieve rapid unloading, thereby completing one sampling operation.

[0063] This application achieves low leakage and indiscriminate leakage of lower material through the integration of the cylinder and non-porous spiral blades, the dual bearing support structure, and the segmented anti-leakage spiral structure, thereby improving the representativeness of the sampling. The use of non-porous spiral blades and a hollow outer casing further reduces the weight of the sampling device.

[0064] Example 1 The specific structural parameters of the device in this embodiment are as follows: The sampling object was coal with a nominal maximum particle size of 50mm, and the inner diameter of the cylinder was 150mm. The outer diameter of the spiral blades was 150mm, and the effective spiral height was 1930mm. The spiral blade thickness was 5mm, and the pitch used was a fixed pitch of 150mm, as well as a variable pitch ranging from 150mm to 200mm. The test was conducted jointly by one sampler and one recorder, using the standard volumetric method and an electronic scale for measurement. The test material was the aforementioned 50mm particle size coal. The test results showed that the effective volume of the device was 0.0344m³. 3 The leakage volume is only 0.000884 m³. 3 The calculated leakage rate is 2.5%.

[0065] Two comparative examples are given below to demonstrate the effectiveness of the present invention.

[0066] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example illustrates a conventional shafted spiral sampling device in the prior art.

[0067] The device employs a structure in which helical blades are welded onto a solid central shaft with a diameter of 76mm. Specific parameters are as follows: inner diameter of the cylinder reaches 300mm, outer diameter of the helical blades is 294mm, effective helix height is 1930mm, blade thickness is 5mm, and a fixed pitch of 150mm is used.

[0068] Under the same conditions as in Example 1—a coal plant, by the same personnel, using the same volumetric method and electronic scale, and testing the same 50mm coal—the test results of this device are as follows: effective volume is 0.1223 m³. 3 However, the leakage volume was as high as 0.01127 m³. 3 The calculated leakage rate is 9.2%.

[0069] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example uses a shaftless spiral sampling device without a central shaft, with an inner diameter of 50mm for the spiral blades. Its main structural parameters are: inner diameter of the cylinder 265mm, outer diameter of the spiral blades 259mm, effective spiral height 1930mm, blade thickness 5mm, and a fixed pitch of 150mm.

[0070] Under the same conditions as in Example 1—a coal plant, by the same personnel, using the same volumetric method and electronic scale, and testing the same 50mm coal—the test results of this device are as follows: effective volume 0.09791 m³. 3 The leakage volume is 0.01522 m³. 3 The leakage rate was as high as 15.5%.

[0071] By directly comparing Example 1 with the two comparative examples, we can conclude that: 1. In terms of leakage prevention performance: Embodiment 1 of the present invention reduces the leakage rate from 9.2% in Comparative Example 1 and 15.5% in Comparative Example 2 to 2.5%, which is a significant reduction.

[0072] 2. In terms of structural dimensions and weight: The inner diameter of the cylinder in Embodiment 1 of the present invention (150mm) is much smaller than that in Comparative Example 1 (300mm) and Comparative Example 2 (265mm). Under the premise of meeting the same national standard, the structure is greatly compacted and lightweight.

[0073] 3. In terms of overall technical balance: This invention solves the problems existing in traditional devices. Comparative Example 1 (with shaft) has a bulky structure and suffers from severe leakage due to the necessary large clearance; Comparative Example 2 (without shaft) has reduced rigidity, resulting in a larger dynamic clearance and more severe leakage. This invention achieves a good balance between leak-proof performance and lightweight design, possessing significant technological advancement and practical value.

[0074] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A downward-pressure rotary sampling device with a spiral sampling cylinder as its axis, characterized in that, include: A spiral sampling cylinder includes a non-porous spiral blade and a cylinder body. The non-porous spiral blade is located inside the cylinder body and its outer edge is welded to the inner wall of the cylinder body. The non-porous spiral blade is divided into two sections from bottom to top: the lower section is a variable pitch continuous spiral blade, which is used to prevent the material from falling; the upper section is a constant pitch discontinuous spiral blade, which is used to allow the material to move along the spiral trajectory; the two sections are kept axially spaced. A support member is provided outside the spiral sampling cylinder to support the spiral sampling cylinder and connect to the external pressing mechanism; The sampling device connection end is located outside the support member and is used to connect the pressing mechanism to control the displacement of the sampling device and provide the downward pressure acting on the material; The rotary drive connection end is located at the upper end of the spiral sampling cylinder and is used to connect an external drive device to provide rotational driving force.

2. The downward rotary sampling device with a spiral sampling cylinder as its axis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support component is an outer cover cylinder, which forms a double-layer structure with the spiral sampling cylinder. The two are rotatably supported by an upper support bearing assembly and a lower support bearing assembly.

3. The downward rotary sampling device with a spiral sampling cylinder as its axis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support is a support, and the support and the spiral sampling cylinder are rotatably supported by a support bearing assembly.

4. The downward rotary sampling device with a spiral sampling cylinder as its axis according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, It also includes a toothed structure located at the lower end of the spiral sampling cylinder, used to break up large, hardened, or frozen materials.

5. The downward-pressing rotary sampling device with a spiral sampling cylinder as its axis according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, It also includes a bladed cutting notch. When the support is an outer cover, the bladed cutting notch is located at the lower end of the outer cover; when the support is a support, the bladed cutting notch is located at the lower end of the spiral sampling cylinder. When the sampling device is pressed down, the bladed cutting notch can cut a circular opening with the same diameter along the outer cover or the spiral sampling cylinder.

6. The downward rotary sampling device with a spiral sampling cylinder as its axis according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bladed cutting notch includes at least three cutting notches, with a corresponding number of blunt feet formed between each notch; When the sampling device is pressed down and rotated as a whole, the blunt foot on the outer cover or spiral sampling cylinder contacts the bottom plate of the material box and continues to press down for a period of time. The pressure in the hydraulic circuit of the pressing mechanism will increase. When the pressure sensor set in the pressing mechanism circuit detects that the pressure has reached the preset threshold, it sends a signal to the controller. The controller controls the proportional multi-way valve of the pressing mechanism to switch, driving the entire sampling device to rise and realize the bottoming-out rebound function.

7. The downward rotary sampling device with a spiral sampling cylinder as its axis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pitch of the variable pitch continuous helical blade gradually increases from bottom to top.

8. The downward rotary sampling device with a spiral sampling cylinder as its axis according to claim 2, characterized in that, The spiral sampling cylinder and the outer casing cylinder maintain a radial distance and have relative movement.

9. The downward rotary sampling device with a spiral sampling cylinder as its axis according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper support bearing assembly includes an upper bearing and an upper bearing cover plate, and the lower support bearing assembly includes a lower bearing and a lower bearing cover plate, and both the upper bearing and the lower bearing are self-aligning roller bearings.

10. The downward-pressing rotary sampling device with a spiral sampling cylinder as its axis according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer casing is designed as a hollow cylindrical structure to reduce the weight of the sampling device.

11. The downward rotary sampling device with a spiral sampling cylinder as its axis according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bearing assembly for the support includes a set of thrust ball bearings and deep groove ball bearings, and also includes a bearing cap, wherein the bearing cap presses against the deep groove ball bearings, and a spacer sleeve is installed between the two bearings.

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