A demand response based photovoltaic storage power cooperative control method and system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of light storage power collaborative control method and system based on demand response, belong to microgrid energy management technical field.Through the construction microgrid power scheduling double-objective optimization model, realize the efficient response of microgrid to scheduling instruction and energy loss optimization;Through day photovoltaic power prediction curve and electricity load power prediction curve, combined with power grid day-ahead scheduling instruction to solve the initial state of storage system, avoid the scheduling failure caused by unreasonable initial state;Calculate the expected storage output demand and execute differentiated light storage collaborative allocation strategy, maximize photovoltaic consumption under the premise of meeting scheduling instruction;Based on the coupling relationship of storage unit SOC and SOH, realize the fine power distribution between storage units.The application reduces the scheduling loss of microgrid responding to demand side instruction through multi-link collaborative optimization, improves photovoltaic consumption efficiency, and is suitable for intelligent scheduling scene of various microgrids.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microgrid energy management technology, specifically to a demand-response-based photovoltaic-storage-load power coordinated control method and system. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of renewable energy technologies, photovoltaic power generation, as a clean and renewable energy source, is seeing an increasing penetration rate in microgrids. Meanwhile, the application of energy storage systems and demand-side response technologies is providing more possibilities for the flexible dispatching of microgrids.

[0003] As the core of microgrid energy management, photovoltaic (PV) and energy storage (ESS) coordinated control technology enables the synergistic optimization of PV power generation and energy storage systems, improving the operating efficiency of microgrids and the renewable energy absorption rate. However, traditional PV-ESS coordinated control technologies often focus only on the management of a single or partial link, leading to the following problems: insufficient demand response accuracy, as traditional control methods struggle to accurately respond to grid dispatch commands, resulting in significant deviations between the power exchange between the microgrid and the grid and the expected commands, affecting the stable operation of the grid; excessive dispatch losses, as the lack of refined optimization of energy losses during demand-side command responses increases the operating costs of the microgrid; low PV absorption rate, often resulting in PV power overflow in scenarios with large fluctuations in PV power generation or low electricity loads, failing to fully utilize PV energy; and traditional control methods struggle to accurately respond to grid dispatch commands, leading to significant deviations between the power exchange between the microgrid and the grid and the expected commands, affecting the stable operation of the grid.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this invention proposes a demand-response-based photovoltaic-storage-load power coordinated control method and system. Through multi-stage coordinated optimization, it achieves efficient microgrid response to dispatch commands and minimizes energy loss. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a demand-response-based photovoltaic-storage-load power coordinated control method and system, aiming to solve the technical problems of insufficient demand response accuracy, excessive scheduling loss, low photovoltaic absorption rate and uneven energy storage unit loss in existing photovoltaic-storage coordinated control.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A demand-response-based optical-storage-charge power coordinated control method, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step S100: With the optimization objectives of maximizing demand-side command response and minimizing microgrid energy loss, establish a microgrid dispatch loss objective function that includes photovoltaic power generation, energy storage system, and electricity load, embedding constraints, including the charging and discharging power constraints of the energy storage system, the power exchange value between the microgrid and the grid, the output power constraints of the photovoltaic system, the power value constraints of the electricity load, and the power balance constraints, and construct a dual-objective optimization model for microgrid power dispatch.

[0009] Step S200: Obtain the daily photovoltaic power prediction curve, the electricity load power prediction curve and the day-ahead dispatch command power curve from the power grid dispatch center. With the energy storage SOC maintained in the 0-100% range and avoiding full charging or full discharging as constraints, propose an initial capacity calculation model for the energy storage system to solve for the initial state of charge (SOC0) of the energy storage system.

[0010] Step S300: Based on the real-time operation data of the microgrid, the expected energy storage output demand is calculated by comprehensively considering the demand-side command dispatch power value at time t, the actual power of the electricity load, the actual output power of the photovoltaic system, and the overall power loss of the microgrid; by comparing the joint regulation capability of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system with the expected energy storage output demand, a differentiated photovoltaic-energy storage coordinated control strategy is executed to allocate power between the photovoltaic and energy storage systems.

[0011] Step S400: Based on the power allocation results, establish a coupling relationship model between the state of charge and the state of health of the energy storage units, and consider the maximum charging and discharging power limit of each energy storage unit. Following the principle that the smaller the SOC and the smaller the SOH, the smaller the allocated power, the overall set power of the energy storage system is allocated to each energy storage unit according to the weight, thus completing the unit power allocation.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the demand-response-based photovoltaic-storage-load power coordinated control method in this invention, the specific implementation process of constructing a dual-objective optimization model for microgrid power scheduling includes:

[0013] With the optimization objectives of maximizing demand-side command responsiveness and minimizing microgrid energy loss, a microgrid dispatch loss objective function is established, which includes photovoltaic power generation, energy storage systems, and electricity load.

[0014] The objective function that yields the highest degree of responsiveness to demand-side instructions is:

[0015]

[0016] in, Indicates scheduling loss; T represents scheduling period; This represents the demand-side command scheduling power value at time t; This represents the power interaction between the microgrid and the grid at time t; This represents the unit power dispatch loss of the photovoltaic system; This represents the actual photovoltaic output power at time t; This represents the unit power dispatch loss of the energy storage system; This represents the overall output power of the energy storage system at time t; This represents the unit power dispatch loss of controllable load; This represents the actual power of the electrical load at time t;

[0017] The objective function for minimizing energy loss in a microgrid is:

[0018]

[0019] in, This represents the energy loss of a microgrid. This indicates the photovoltaic power limiting state at time t. This represents the power value of the photovoltaic system at time t;

[0020] Embedded constraints include the charging and discharging power constraints of the energy storage system, the power exchange value between the microgrid and the grid, the output power constraints of the photovoltaic system, the power value constraints of the electrical load, and the power balance constraints.

[0021] The charging and discharging power constraints of the energy storage system are:

[0022] ;

[0023] in, This represents the minimum charging and discharging power of the energy storage system. This represents the charging and discharging power value of the energy storage system at time t. This indicates the maximum charging and discharging power of the energy storage system. This represents the charging ratio coefficient of the energy storage system. This represents the instantaneous maximum power of the energy storage system at time t. This represents the energy state of the energy storage system at time t. This represents the discharge ratio coefficient of the energy storage system;

[0024] The constraints on the power exchange value between the microgrid and the grid are:

[0025] ;

[0026] in, This represents the maximum power exchange between the microgrid and the grid. This represents the minimum power exchange between the microgrid and the grid; This represents the power interaction value between the microgrid and the grid at time t;

[0027] The output power constraint of the photovoltaic system is:

[0028] ;

[0029] in, Indicates the maximum power of photovoltaic power; This represents the output power of the photovoltaic system at time t;

[0030] The power constraints for electrical loads are as follows:

[0031] ;

[0032] in, This indicates the maximum operating power value of the controllable load. This represents the minimum operating power value for a controllable load. This represents the controllable load power value at time t;

[0033] The power balance constraint for power interaction between microgrids and the grid is:

[0034]

[0035]

[0036] in, This represents the overall power loss of the microgrid.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment of the demand-response-based photovoltaic-energy storage power coordinated control method of the present invention, the specific implementation process of solving the initial state of charge of the energy storage system includes:

[0038] Obtain daily photovoltaic power forecast curves, electricity load power forecast curves, and day-ahead dispatch command power curves from the power grid dispatch center;

[0039] Considering that the state of charge of the energy storage system needs to meet the demand-side command, absorb photovoltaic power generation as much as possible, and reduce the dispatch loss of the microgrid, an initial capacity calculation model for the energy storage system is proposed. The initial capacity calculation model of the energy storage system satisfies the initial capacity constraint of the energy storage system and the dual-objective optimization model of microgrid power dispatch.

[0040] Based on the daily forecast curves of photovoltaic power generation, electricity load, and day-ahead dispatch command power, and with the constraint of maintaining the energy storage SOC in the 0-100% range and avoiding full charging or full discharging, the initial capacity constraints of the energy storage system include:

[0041]

[0042] Where SOC0 represents the initial capacity of the energy storage system. This represents the predicted output power of the photovoltaic system at time t; This represents the predicted power consumption at time t. Indicates the power of the scheduling command at time t. This indicates the end of the energy storage system's full charge. This indicates the starting point when demand-side instructions are 0. This indicates the endpoint when the demand-side instructions are 0.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment of the demand-response-based photovoltaic-energy storage power coordinated control method of the present invention, the specific implementation process of power allocation between the photovoltaic and energy storage systems includes:

[0044] Based on real-time operation data of the microgrid, and considering the demand-side dispatch power value at time t, the actual power of the electricity load, the actual output power of the photovoltaic system, and the overall power loss of the microgrid, the expected energy storage output demand ΔD is calculated, expressed as follows: ;

[0045] Based on the expected energy storage output demand, a differentiated photovoltaic-energy storage coordinated control strategy is implemented to allocate power between the photovoltaic and energy storage systems, including:

[0046] When the energy storage output demand ΔD > 0, meaning the energy storage system needs to charge in response to the dispatch command, then:

[0047] When the expected energy storage output demand of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum value of the joint charging regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system, i.e.

[0048]

[0049] in, This represents the maximum allowable overall charging power of the energy storage system at time t. This represents the maximum allowable overall charging power of the energy storage system at time t;

[0050] The power setpoints for both the photovoltaic system and the energy storage system remain unchanged from the previous setpoint.

[0051] When the expected output demand of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum value of the overall charging power of the energy storage system but is less than the maximum value of the joint charging regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system, that is... The power setpoint of the energy storage system is set to the maximum value for adjusting the charging power of the energy storage system, which limits the power of the photovoltaic system. (Photovoltaic system power setpoint) for: ;

[0052] When the expected output demand of the energy storage system is less than the maximum charging power of the energy storage system and the maximum combined charging regulation value of the photovoltaic system, the power setpoint of the energy storage system is set to the maximum charging power regulation value of the energy storage system, that is, the power setpoint of the energy storage system is set to the expected output demand of the energy storage system. The power limit for photovoltaic systems is set at an increment equal to the difference between the expected output demand of the energy storage system and the charging power of the energy storage system, i.e., the power setpoint for the photovoltaic system. for: ;

[0053] When the energy storage output demand ΔD≤0, meaning the energy storage system needs to discharge in response to the dispatch command, then:

[0054] When the expected energy storage output demand of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum value of the joint discharge regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system, i.e.

[0055]

[0056] in, This represents the maximum allowable overall discharge power of the energy storage system at time t; This indicates the maximum value of the combined discharge regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system;

[0057] The power setpoints for both the photovoltaic system and the energy storage system remain unchanged from the previous setpoint.

[0058] When the expected output demand of the energy storage system does not exceed the maximum value of the overall discharge power of the energy storage system and is greater than the maximum value of the joint discharge regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system, that is... The power setpoint of the energy storage system is set to the maximum discharge power regulation value of the energy storage system, which limits the power of the photovoltaic system. The photovoltaic system power setpoint is... for: ;

[0059] When the expected output demand of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum value of the overall discharge power, the energy storage system power setpoint is set to the maximum value of the energy storage system's discharge power adjustment, i.e., the energy storage system power setpoint is set to the expected output demand of the energy storage system. The power limit for photovoltaic systems is set at an increment equal to the difference between the expected output demand of the energy storage system and the discharge power of the energy storage system, i.e., the power setpoint for the photovoltaic system. for: .

[0060] As a preferred embodiment of the demand-response-based optical-storage-charge power coordinated control method of the present invention, the specific implementation process of the unit power allocation includes:

[0061] Based on the power allocation results, obtain the power setpoint of the energy storage system at time t. ;

[0062] The energy storage system consists of m energy storage units. The power output values ​​of the 1st, 2nd, ..., mth energy storage units at time t are respectively , ,..., ;

[0063] A coupling model of the state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) of an energy storage unit is established. The product operator of SOC and SOH for the j-th energy storage unit is calculated, and the coupling model is as follows:

[0064]

[0065] in, This represents the state of charge of the j-th energy storage unit. This indicates the health status of the j-th energy storage unit;

[0066] Calculate the average value of the product operator of S0C and SOH for m energy storage units. ;

[0067] Based on the statistical results, calculate the power setpoint adjustment coefficient for the j-th energy storage unit. Specifically:

[0068] ;

[0069] Assign a power setpoint to the j-th energy storage unit. The formula is:

[0070] .

[0071] A demand-response-based photovoltaic-storage-load power coordinated control system, the system comprising: a data acquisition module, an optimization model construction module, an initial state solution module, a photovoltaic-storage coordinated allocation module, and an energy storage unit power allocation module.

[0072] The data acquisition module is used to collect real-time operating data of the microgrid, including photovoltaic power generation, power load and energy storage system status parameters.

[0073] The optimization model building module is used to construct a dual-objective optimization model for microgrid power scheduling with embedded constraints, aiming to maximize the responsiveness of demand-side commands and minimize microgrid energy loss.

[0074] The initial state solution module is used to combine the daily photovoltaic power prediction curve, the electricity load power prediction curve and the day-ahead dispatch command power curve to propose an initial capacity calculation model for the energy storage system and solve the initial state of charge of the energy storage system.

[0075] The photovoltaic-storage collaborative allocation module is used to calculate the expected energy storage output demand, execute differentiated photovoltaic-storage collaborative allocation strategies, and allocate power between photovoltaic and energy storage systems.

[0076] The energy storage unit power allocation module is used to establish a coupling relationship model between the state of charge and the health state of the energy storage unit based on the power allocation results, and to complete the unit power allocation.

[0077] As a preferred embodiment of the demand-response-based photovoltaic-energy storage power coordinated control system of the present invention, the optimization model construction module includes:

[0078] With the optimization objectives of maximizing demand-side command responsiveness and minimizing microgrid energy loss, a microgrid dispatch loss objective function is established, which includes photovoltaic power generation, energy storage systems, and electricity load.

[0079] The objective function that yields the highest degree of responsiveness to demand-side instructions is:

[0080]

[0081] in, Indicates scheduling loss; T represents scheduling period; This represents the demand-side command scheduling power value at time t; This represents the power interaction between the microgrid and the grid at time t; This represents the unit power dispatch loss of the photovoltaic system; This represents the actual photovoltaic output power at time t; This represents the unit power dispatch loss of the energy storage system; This represents the overall output power of the energy storage system at time t; This represents the unit power dispatch loss of controllable load; This represents the actual power of the electrical load at time t;

[0082] The objective function for minimizing energy loss in a microgrid is:

[0083]

[0084] in, This represents the energy loss of a microgrid. This indicates the photovoltaic power limiting state at time t. This represents the power value of the photovoltaic system at time t;

[0085] Embedded constraints include the charging and discharging power constraints of the energy storage system, the power exchange value between the microgrid and the grid, the output power constraints of the photovoltaic system, the power value constraints of the electrical load, and the power balance constraints.

[0086] The charging and discharging power constraints of the energy storage system are:

[0087] ;

[0088] in, This represents the minimum charging and discharging power of the energy storage system. This represents the charging and discharging power value of the energy storage system at time t. This indicates the maximum charging and discharging power of the energy storage system. This represents the charging ratio coefficient of the energy storage system. This represents the instantaneous maximum power of the energy storage system at time t. This represents the energy state of the energy storage system at time t. This represents the discharge ratio coefficient of the energy storage system;

[0089] The constraints on the power exchange value between the microgrid and the grid are:

[0090] ;

[0091] in, This represents the maximum power exchange between the microgrid and the grid. This represents the minimum power exchange between the microgrid and the grid; This represents the power interaction value between the microgrid and the grid at time t;

[0092] The output power constraint of the photovoltaic system is:

[0093] ;

[0094] in, Indicates the maximum power of photovoltaic power; This represents the output power of the photovoltaic system at time t;

[0095] The power constraints for electrical loads are as follows:

[0096] ;

[0097] in, This indicates the maximum operating power value of the controllable load. This represents the minimum operating power value for a controllable load. This represents the controllable load power value at time t;

[0098] The power balance constraint for power interaction between microgrids and the grid is:

[0099]

[0100]

[0101] in, This represents the overall power loss of the microgrid.

[0102] As a preferred embodiment of the demand-response-based optical-storage-charge power coordinated control system of the present invention, the initial state solution module includes:

[0103] Obtain daily photovoltaic power forecast curves, electricity load power forecast curves, and day-ahead dispatch command power curves from the power grid dispatch center;

[0104] Considering that the state of charge of the energy storage system needs to meet the demand-side command, absorb photovoltaic power generation as much as possible, and reduce the dispatch loss of the microgrid, an initial capacity calculation model for the energy storage system is proposed. The initial capacity calculation model of the energy storage system satisfies the initial capacity constraint of the energy storage system and the dual-objective optimization model of microgrid power dispatch.

[0105] Based on the daily forecast curves of photovoltaic power generation, electricity load, and day-ahead dispatch command power, and with the constraint of maintaining the energy storage SOC in the 0-100% range and avoiding full charging or full discharging, the initial capacity constraints of the energy storage system include:

[0106]

[0107] Where SOC0 represents the initial capacity of the energy storage system. This represents the predicted output power of the photovoltaic system at time t; This represents the predicted power consumption at time t. Indicates the power of the scheduling command at time t. This indicates the end of the energy storage system's full charge. This indicates the starting point when demand-side instructions are 0. This indicates the endpoint when the demand-side instructions are 0.

[0108] As a preferred embodiment of the demand-response-based photovoltaic-storage-load power coordinated control system of the present invention, the photovoltaic-storage coordinated allocation module includes:

[0109] Based on real-time operation data of the microgrid, and considering the demand-side dispatch power value at time t, the actual power of the electricity load, the actual output power of the photovoltaic system, and the overall power loss of the microgrid, the expected energy storage output demand ΔD is calculated, expressed as follows: ;

[0110] Based on the expected energy storage output demand, a differentiated photovoltaic-energy storage coordinated control strategy is implemented to allocate power between the photovoltaic and energy storage systems, including:

[0111] When the energy storage output demand ΔD > 0, meaning the energy storage system needs to charge in response to the dispatch command, then:

[0112] When the expected energy storage output demand of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum value of the joint charging regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system, i.e.

[0113]

[0114] in, This represents the maximum allowable overall charging power of the energy storage system at time t. This represents the maximum allowable overall charging power of the energy storage system at time t;

[0115] The power setpoints for both the photovoltaic system and the energy storage system remain unchanged from the previous setpoint.

[0116] When the expected output demand of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum value of the overall charging power of the energy storage system but is less than the maximum value of the joint charging regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system, that is... The power setpoint of the energy storage system is set to the maximum value for adjusting the charging power of the energy storage system, which limits the power of the photovoltaic system. (Photovoltaic system power setpoint) for: ;

[0117] When the expected output demand of the energy storage system is less than the maximum charging power of the energy storage system and the maximum combined charging regulation value of the photovoltaic system, the power setpoint of the energy storage system is set to the maximum charging power regulation value of the energy storage system, that is, the power setpoint of the energy storage system is set to the expected output demand of the energy storage system. The power limit for photovoltaic systems is set at an increment equal to the difference between the expected output demand of the energy storage system and the charging power of the energy storage system, i.e., the power setpoint for the photovoltaic system. for: ;

[0118] When the energy storage output demand ΔD≤0, meaning the energy storage system needs to discharge in response to the dispatch command, then:

[0119] When the expected energy storage output demand of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum value of the joint discharge regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system, i.e.

[0120]

[0121] in, This represents the maximum allowable overall discharge power of the energy storage system at time t; This indicates the maximum value of the combined discharge regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system;

[0122] The power setpoints for both the photovoltaic system and the energy storage system remain unchanged from the previous setpoint.

[0123] When the expected output demand of the energy storage system does not exceed the maximum value of the overall discharge power of the energy storage system and is greater than the maximum value of the joint discharge regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system, that is... The power setpoint of the energy storage system is set to the maximum discharge power regulation value of the energy storage system, which limits the power of the photovoltaic system. The photovoltaic system power setpoint is... for: ;

[0124] When the expected output demand of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum value of the overall discharge power, the energy storage system power setpoint is set to the maximum value of the energy storage system's discharge power adjustment, i.e., the energy storage system power setpoint is set to the expected output demand of the energy storage system. The power limit for photovoltaic systems is set at an increment equal to the difference between the expected output demand of the energy storage system and the discharge power of the energy storage system, i.e., the power setpoint for the photovoltaic system. for: .

[0125] As a preferred embodiment of the demand-response-based photovoltaic-energy storage power coordinated control system of the present invention, the energy storage unit power allocation module includes:

[0126] Based on the power allocation results, obtain the power setpoint of the energy storage system at time t. ;

[0127] The energy storage system consists of m energy storage units. The power output values ​​of the 1st, 2nd, ..., mth energy storage units at time t are respectively , ,..., ;

[0128] A coupling model of the state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) of an energy storage unit is established. The product operator of SOC and SOH for the j-th energy storage unit is calculated, and the coupling model is as follows:

[0129]

[0130] in, This represents the state of charge of the j-th energy storage unit. This indicates the health status of the j-th energy storage unit;

[0131] Calculate the average value of the product operator of S0C and SOH for m energy storage units. ;

[0132] Based on the statistical results, calculate the power setpoint adjustment coefficient for the j-th energy storage unit. Specifically:

[0133] ;

[0134] Assign a power setpoint to the j-th energy storage unit. The formula is:

[0135] .

[0136] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects achieved by this invention are as follows: This invention provides a demand-response-based photovoltaic-storage-load power collaborative control method and system. By constructing an optimization model aimed at maximizing demand-side command response and minimizing microgrid energy loss, and embedding constraints, it achieves efficient microgrid response to dispatch commands and optimizes energy loss. By using daily photovoltaic power prediction curves and electricity load power prediction curves, combined with the day-ahead dispatch commands from the power grid, it solves for the initial state of charge of the energy storage system, avoiding dispatch failures caused by unreasonable initial states. It calculates the expected energy storage output demand and executes a differentiated photovoltaic-storage collaborative allocation strategy, maximizing photovoltaic absorption while satisfying dispatch commands. Based on the coupling relationship between the SOC and SOH of the energy storage units, it achieves refined power allocation among energy storage units. This invention, through multi-stage collaborative optimization, significantly reduces dispatch losses in microgrid response to demand-side commands and improves photovoltaic absorption efficiency, making it suitable for intelligent dispatch scenarios in various microgrids. Attached Figure Description

[0137] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0138] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps of a demand-response-based optical storage power coordinated control method according to the present invention;

[0139] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the solution of the initial SOC in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0140] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the time-storage collaborative power allocation strategy in an embodiment of the present invention where △D>0;

[0141] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the time-storage collaborative power allocation strategy in an embodiment of the present invention where △D≤0;

[0142] Figure 5 This is a graph of the parameters under the photovoltaic-storage collaborative control strategy in this embodiment of the invention;

[0143] Figure 6 This is a power distribution coefficient distribution diagram of each energy storage unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0144] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the power distribution of each energy storage unit in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0145] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0146] Please see Figures 1-7 In this first embodiment: a demand-response-based optical storage power coordinated control method is provided, which includes the following steps:

[0147] Step S100: With the optimization objectives of maximizing demand-side command response and minimizing microgrid energy loss, establish a microgrid dispatch loss objective function that includes photovoltaic power generation, energy storage system, and electricity load, embedding constraints, including the charging and discharging power constraints of the energy storage system, the power exchange value between the microgrid and the grid, the output power constraints of the photovoltaic system, the power value constraints of the electricity load, and the power balance constraints, and construct a dual-objective optimization model for microgrid power dispatch.

[0148] Step S200: Obtain the daily photovoltaic power forecast curve, electricity load power forecast curve, and day-ahead dispatch command power curve from the power grid dispatch center. With the constraint of maintaining the energy storage SOC in the 0-100% range and avoiding full charging or discharging, propose an initial capacity calculation model for the energy storage system to solve for the initial state of charge of the energy storage system, estimating the initial energy storage capacity SOC0 to ensure no initial dispatch loss in the demand-side command response. Specifically, the power grid dispatch center extracts historical photovoltaic data, historical electricity load data, and other historical data such as meteorological data from the photovoltaic system. It then uses the built-in CNN-LSTM photovoltaic power forecast and electricity load power forecast models to predict the daily photovoltaic power forecast curve and the electricity load power forecast curve.

[0149] Step S300: Based on the real-time operation data of the microgrid, the expected energy storage output demand is calculated by comprehensively considering the demand-side command dispatch power value at time t, the actual power of the electricity load, the actual output power of the photovoltaic system, and the overall power loss of the microgrid; by comparing the joint regulation capability of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system with the expected energy storage output demand, a differentiated photovoltaic-energy storage coordinated control strategy is executed to allocate power between the photovoltaic and energy storage systems.

[0150] Step S400: Based on the power allocation results, establish a coupling relationship model between the state of charge and the state of health of the energy storage units, and consider the maximum charging and discharging power limit of each energy storage unit. Following the principle that the smaller the SOC and the smaller the SOH, the smaller the allocated power, the overall set power of the energy storage system is allocated to each energy storage unit according to the weight, thus completing the unit power allocation.

[0151] Specifically, the implementation process of constructing the dual-objective optimization model for microgrid power dispatch includes:

[0152] With the optimization objectives of maximizing demand-side command responsiveness and minimizing microgrid energy loss, a microgrid dispatch loss objective function is established, which includes photovoltaic power generation, energy storage systems, and electricity load.

[0153] The objective function that yields the highest degree of responsiveness to demand-side instructions is:

[0154]

[0155] in, Indicates scheduling loss; T represents scheduling period; This represents the demand-side commanded power value at time t. A positive value indicates the expected power absorbed by the microgrid from the grid, while a negative value indicates the expected power sent by the microgrid to the grid. This represents the power exchanged between the microgrid and the grid at time t. A positive value indicates that the microgrid absorbs power from the grid, while a negative value indicates that the microgrid sends power to the grid. This represents the unit power dispatch loss of the photovoltaic system; This represents the actual photovoltaic output power at time t, with a negative sign. This represents the unit power dispatch loss of the energy storage system; This represents the overall output power of the energy storage system at time t, with negative values ​​indicating discharge and positive values ​​indicating charging. This represents the unit power dispatch loss of controllable load; This represents the actual power consumption of the electrical load at time t, with a positive sign.

[0156] The objective function for minimizing energy loss in a microgrid is:

[0157]

[0158] in, This represents the energy loss of a microgrid. This indicates the photovoltaic power limiting state at time t. This represents the power value of the photovoltaic system at time t; when the absolute value of the overall set power of the photovoltaic system at time t is less than or equal to the absolute value of the actual output power of the photovoltaic system, it is in a power-limited state. The absolute value of the overall setpoint power of the photovoltaic system at time t is greater than the absolute value of the actual output power of the photovoltaic system, i.e., it is in an unlimited power state. Equal to 0;

[0159] Embedded constraints include the charging and discharging power constraints of the energy storage system, the power exchange value between the microgrid and the grid, the output power constraints of the photovoltaic system, the power value constraints of the electrical load, and the power balance constraints.

[0160] The charging and discharging power constraints of the energy storage system are:

[0161] ;

[0162] in, This represents the minimum charging and discharging power of the energy storage system. This represents the charging and discharging power value of the energy storage system at time t. This indicates the maximum charging and discharging power of the energy storage system. This represents the charging ratio coefficient of the energy storage system. This represents the instantaneous maximum power of the energy storage system at time t. This represents the energy state of the energy storage system at time t. This represents the discharge ratio coefficient of the energy storage system;

[0163] The constraints on the power exchange value between the microgrid and the grid are:

[0164] ;

[0165] in, This represents the maximum power exchange between the microgrid and the grid. This represents the minimum power exchange between the microgrid and the grid; This represents the power interaction value between the microgrid and the grid at time t;

[0166] The output power constraint of the photovoltaic system is:

[0167] ;

[0168] in, Indicates the maximum power of photovoltaic power; This represents the output power of the photovoltaic system at time t;

[0169] The power constraints for electrical loads are as follows:

[0170] ;

[0171] in, This indicates the maximum operating power value of the controllable load. This represents the minimum operating power value for a controllable load. This represents the controllable load power value at time t;

[0172] The power balance constraint for power interaction between microgrids and the grid is:

[0173]

[0174]

[0175] in, This represents the overall power loss of a microgrid, mainly including line losses and transformer losses.

[0176] Power direction specification: During charging, the energy storage charging power value is positive; during discharging, the energy storage discharging power value is negative; during electricity consumption, the power value of the electrical load is positive; during power generation, the photovoltaic power generation power is negative.

[0177] As a whole, a microgrid needs to follow the following principles: the power value of the electrical load is not adjustable; the photovoltaic power generation power is adjustable (power limit, maximum power generation value is limited); the energy storage charging and discharging power is adjustable (two-way control, can charge and discharge).

[0178] Specifically, the specific implementation process for solving the initial state of charge of the energy storage system includes:

[0179] Obtain daily photovoltaic power forecast curves, electricity load power forecast curves, and day-ahead dispatch command power curves from the power grid dispatch center;

[0180] Considering that the state of charge of the energy storage system needs to meet the demand-side command, absorb photovoltaic power generation as much as possible, and reduce the dispatch loss of the microgrid, an initial capacity calculation model for the energy storage system is proposed. The initial capacity calculation model of the energy storage system satisfies the initial capacity constraint of the energy storage system and the dual-objective optimization model of microgrid power dispatch.

[0181] Based on the daily forecast curves of photovoltaic power generation, electricity load, and day-ahead dispatch command power, and with the constraint of maintaining the energy storage SOC in the 0-100% range and avoiding full charging or full discharging, the initial capacity constraints of the energy storage system include:

[0182]

[0183] Where SOC0 represents the initial capacity of the energy storage system, which is determined by... , and Add them together to get This represents the predicted output power of the photovoltaic system at time t; This represents the predicted power consumption at time t. Indicates the power of the scheduling command at time t. This indicates the end of the energy storage system's full charge. This indicates the starting point when demand-side instructions are 0. This indicates the endpoint when the demand-side instructions are 0.

[0184] Specifically, the power allocation process for the photovoltaic and energy storage system includes:

[0185] Based on real-time operation data of the microgrid, and considering the demand-side dispatch power value at time t, the actual power of the electricity load, the actual output power of the photovoltaic system, and the overall power loss of the microgrid, the expected energy storage output demand ΔD is calculated, expressed as follows: ;

[0186] Based on the expected energy storage output demand, a differentiated photovoltaic-energy storage coordinated control strategy is implemented to allocate power between the photovoltaic and energy storage systems, and the sign of ΔD is determined, including:

[0187] When the energy storage output demand ΔD > 0, meaning the energy storage system needs to respond to the dispatch command, indicating charging demand, then it is determined whether ΔD exceeds the maximum value of the joint regulation of energy storage and photovoltaic systems. Specifically:

[0188] When the expected energy storage output demand of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum value of the joint charging regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system, i.e.

[0189]

[0190] in, This represents the maximum allowable overall charging power of the energy storage system at time t. This represents the maximum allowable overall charging power of the energy storage system at time t;

[0191] The power setpoints for both the photovoltaic system and the energy storage system remain unchanged from the previous setpoint.

[0192] When the expected energy storage output demand of the energy storage system does not exceed the maximum value of the joint regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system, it is determined whether ΔD exceeds the maximum charging power of the energy storage system and is less than the maximum value of the joint regulation of the energy storage and photovoltaic systems. Specifically:

[0193] When the expected output demand of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum value of the overall charging power of the energy storage system but is less than the maximum value of the joint charging regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system, that is... The power setpoint of the energy storage system is set to the maximum value for adjusting the charging power of the energy storage system, while limiting the power of the photovoltaic system. (Photovoltaic system power setpoint) for: ;

[0194] When the expected output demand of the energy storage system is less than the maximum charging power of the energy storage system and the maximum combined charging regulation value of the photovoltaic system, the power setpoint of the energy storage system is set to the maximum charging power regulation value of the energy storage system, that is, the power setpoint of the energy storage system is set to the expected output demand of the energy storage system. The power limit for photovoltaic systems is set at an increment equal to the difference between the expected output demand of the energy storage system and the charging power of the energy storage system, i.e., the power setpoint for the photovoltaic system. for: ;

[0195] When the energy storage output demand ΔD ≤ 0, meaning the energy storage system needs to discharge in response to the dispatch command, indicating a discharge demand, then it is determined whether ΔD exceeds the maximum value of the joint regulation of energy storage and photovoltaic systems. Specifically:

[0196] When the expected energy storage output demand of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum value of the joint discharge regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system, i.e.

[0197]

[0198] in, This represents the maximum allowable overall discharge power of the energy storage system at time t; This indicates the maximum value of the combined discharge regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system;

[0199] The power setpoints for both the photovoltaic system and the energy storage system remain unchanged from the previous setpoint.

[0200] If the expected energy storage output demand of the energy storage system does not exceed the maximum value of the combined discharge regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system, then it is determined whether ΔD exceeds the maximum charging power of the energy storage system and is greater than the maximum value of the combined regulation of energy storage and photovoltaic systems. Specifically:

[0201] When the expected output demand of the energy storage system does not exceed the maximum value of the overall discharge power of the energy storage system and is greater than the maximum value of the joint discharge regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system, that is... The power setpoint of the energy storage system is set to the maximum discharge power regulation value of the energy storage system, which limits the power of the photovoltaic system. The photovoltaic system power setpoint is... for: ;

[0202] When the expected output demand of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum value of the overall discharge power, the energy storage system power setpoint is set to the maximum value of the energy storage system's discharge power adjustment, i.e., the energy storage system power setpoint is set to the expected output demand of the energy storage system. The power limit for photovoltaic systems is set at an increment equal to the difference between the expected output demand of the energy storage system and the discharge power of the energy storage system, i.e., the power setpoint for the photovoltaic system. for: .

[0203] like Figure 5 As shown, under the photovoltaic-storage coordinated control strategy, the real-time acquisition of electricity load, photovoltaic power, energy storage charging and discharging, demand-side command, unrestricted photovoltaic power, unrestricted power demand-side response, and open photovoltaic power limit-energy storage power is used to plot the corresponding time-power curves. As can be seen from the figure, the photovoltaic utilization rate is improved.

[0204] Specifically, the implementation process of the unit power allocation includes:

[0205] Power allocation for energy storage units is based on the following principle: smaller SOC and smaller SOH mean smaller remaining power in the energy storage unit; larger SOC and larger SOH mean larger remaining power in the energy storage unit. The smaller the SOC, the smaller the allocated power; the smaller the SOH, the smaller the allocated power.

[0206] Based on the power allocation results, obtain the power setpoint of the energy storage system at time t. ;

[0207] The energy storage system consists of m energy storage units. The power output values ​​of the 1st, 2nd, ..., mth energy storage units at time t are respectively , ,..., ;

[0208] A coupling model of the state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) of an energy storage unit is established. The product operator of SOC and SOH for the j-th energy storage unit is calculated, and the coupling model is as follows:

[0209]

[0210] in, This represents the state of charge of the j-th energy storage unit. This indicates the health status of the j-th energy storage unit;

[0211] Calculate the average value of the product operator of S0C and SOH for m energy storage units. ;

[0212] Based on the statistical results, calculate the power setpoint adjustment coefficient for the j-th energy storage unit. Specifically:

[0213] ;

[0214] Assign a power setpoint to the j-th energy storage unit. The formula is:

[0215] .

[0216] A demand-response-based photovoltaic-storage-load power coordinated control system, the system comprising: a data acquisition module, an optimization model construction module, an initial state solution module, a photovoltaic-storage coordinated allocation module, and an energy storage unit power allocation module.

[0217] The data acquisition module is used to collect real-time operating data of the microgrid, including photovoltaic power generation, power load and energy storage system status parameters.

[0218] The optimization model building module is used to construct a dual-objective optimization model for microgrid power scheduling with embedded constraints, aiming to maximize the responsiveness of demand-side commands and minimize microgrid energy loss.

[0219] The initial state solution module is used to combine the daily photovoltaic power prediction curve, the electricity load power prediction curve and the day-ahead dispatch command power curve to propose an initial capacity calculation model for the energy storage system and solve the initial state of charge of the energy storage system.

[0220] The photovoltaic-storage collaborative allocation module is used to calculate the expected energy storage output demand, execute differentiated photovoltaic-storage collaborative allocation strategies, and allocate power between photovoltaic and energy storage systems.

[0221] The energy storage unit power allocation module is used to establish a coupling relationship model between the state of charge and the health state of the energy storage unit based on the power allocation results, and to complete the unit power allocation.

[0222] Specifically, the optimization model construction module includes:

[0223] With the optimization objectives of maximizing demand-side command responsiveness and minimizing microgrid energy loss, a microgrid dispatch loss objective function is established, which includes photovoltaic power generation, energy storage systems, and electricity load.

[0224] The objective function that yields the highest degree of responsiveness to demand-side instructions is:

[0225]

[0226] in, Indicates scheduling loss; T represents scheduling period; This represents the demand-side command scheduling power value at time t; This represents the power interaction between the microgrid and the grid at time t; This represents the unit power dispatch loss of the photovoltaic system; This represents the actual photovoltaic output power at time t; This represents the unit power dispatch loss of the energy storage system; This represents the overall output power of the energy storage system at time t; This represents the unit power dispatch loss of controllable load; This represents the actual power of the electrical load at time t;

[0227] The objective function for minimizing energy loss in a microgrid is:

[0228]

[0229] in, This represents the energy loss of a microgrid. This indicates the photovoltaic power limiting state at time t. This represents the power value of the photovoltaic system at time t;

[0230] Embedded constraints include the charging and discharging power constraints of the energy storage system, the power exchange value between the microgrid and the grid, the output power constraints of the photovoltaic system, the power value constraints of the electrical load, and the power balance constraints.

[0231] The charging and discharging power constraints of the energy storage system are:

[0232] ;

[0233] in, This represents the minimum charging and discharging power of the energy storage system. This represents the charging and discharging power value of the energy storage system at time t. This indicates the maximum charging and discharging power of the energy storage system. This represents the charging ratio coefficient of the energy storage system. This represents the instantaneous maximum power of the energy storage system at time t. This represents the energy state of the energy storage system at time t. This represents the discharge ratio coefficient of the energy storage system;

[0234] The constraints on the power exchange value between the microgrid and the grid are:

[0235] ;

[0236] in, This represents the maximum power exchange between the microgrid and the grid. This represents the minimum power exchange between the microgrid and the grid; This represents the power interaction value between the microgrid and the grid at time t;

[0237] The output power constraint of the photovoltaic system is:

[0238] ;

[0239] in, Indicates the maximum power of photovoltaic power; This represents the output power of the photovoltaic system at time t;

[0240] The power constraints for electrical loads are as follows:

[0241] ;

[0242] in, This indicates the maximum operating power value of the controllable load. This represents the minimum operating power value for a controllable load. This represents the controllable load power value at time t;

[0243] The power balance constraint for power interaction between microgrids and the grid is:

[0244]

[0245]

[0246] in, This represents the overall power loss of the microgrid.

[0247] Specifically, the initial state solution module includes:

[0248] Obtain daily photovoltaic power forecast curves, electricity load power forecast curves, and day-ahead dispatch command power curves from the power grid dispatch center;

[0249] Considering that the state of charge of the energy storage system needs to meet the demand-side command, absorb photovoltaic power generation as much as possible, and reduce the dispatch loss of the microgrid, an initial capacity calculation model for the energy storage system is proposed. The initial capacity calculation model of the energy storage system satisfies the initial capacity constraint of the energy storage system and the dual-objective optimization model of microgrid power dispatch.

[0250] Based on the daily forecast curves of photovoltaic power generation, electricity load, and day-ahead dispatch command power, and with the constraint of maintaining the energy storage SOC in the 0-100% range and avoiding full charging or full discharging, the initial capacity constraints of the energy storage system include:

[0251]

[0252] Where SOC0 represents the initial capacity of the energy storage system. This represents the predicted output power of the photovoltaic system at time t; This represents the predicted power consumption at time t. Indicates the power of the scheduling command at time t. This indicates the end of the energy storage system's full charge. This indicates the starting point when demand-side instructions are 0. This indicates the endpoint when the demand-side instructions are 0.

[0253] Specifically, the optical-storage collaborative allocation module includes:

[0254] Based on real-time operation data of the microgrid, and considering the demand-side dispatch power value at time t, the actual power of the electricity load, the actual output power of the photovoltaic system, and the overall power loss of the microgrid, the expected energy storage output demand ΔD is calculated, expressed as follows: ;

[0255] Based on the expected energy storage output demand, a differentiated photovoltaic-energy storage coordinated control strategy is implemented to allocate power between the photovoltaic and energy storage systems, including:

[0256] When the energy storage output demand ΔD > 0, meaning the energy storage system needs to charge in response to the dispatch command, then:

[0257] When the expected energy storage output demand of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum value of the joint charging regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system, i.e.

[0258]

[0259] in, This represents the maximum allowable overall charging power of the energy storage system at time t. This represents the maximum allowable overall charging power of the energy storage system at time t;

[0260] The power setpoints for both the photovoltaic system and the energy storage system remain unchanged from the previous setpoint.

[0261] When the expected output demand of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum value of the overall charging power of the energy storage system but is less than the maximum value of the joint charging regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system, that is... The power setpoint of the energy storage system is set to the maximum value for adjusting the charging power of the energy storage system, which limits the power of the photovoltaic system. (Photovoltaic system power setpoint) for: ;

[0262] When the expected output demand of the energy storage system is less than the maximum charging power of the energy storage system and the maximum combined charging regulation value of the photovoltaic system, the power setpoint of the energy storage system is set to the maximum charging power regulation value of the energy storage system, that is, the power setpoint of the energy storage system is set to the expected output demand of the energy storage system. The power limit for photovoltaic systems is set at an increment equal to the difference between the expected output demand of the energy storage system and the charging power of the energy storage system, i.e., the power setpoint for the photovoltaic system. for: ;

[0263] When the energy storage output demand ΔD≤0, meaning the energy storage system needs to discharge in response to the dispatch command, then:

[0264] When the expected energy storage output demand of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum value of the joint discharge regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system, i.e.

[0265]

[0266] in, This represents the maximum allowable overall discharge power of the energy storage system at time t; This indicates the maximum value of the combined discharge regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system;

[0267] The power setpoints for both the photovoltaic system and the energy storage system remain unchanged from the previous setpoint.

[0268] When the expected output demand of the energy storage system does not exceed the maximum value of the overall discharge power of the energy storage system and is greater than the maximum value of the joint discharge regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system, that is... The power setpoint of the energy storage system is set to the maximum discharge power regulation value of the energy storage system, which limits the power of the photovoltaic system. The photovoltaic system power setpoint is... for: ;

[0269] When the expected output demand of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum value of the overall discharge power, the energy storage system power setpoint is set to the maximum value of the energy storage system's discharge power adjustment, i.e., the energy storage system power setpoint is set to the expected output demand of the energy storage system. The power limit for photovoltaic systems is set at an increment equal to the difference between the expected output demand of the energy storage system and the discharge power of the energy storage system, i.e., the power setpoint for the photovoltaic system. for: .

[0270] Specifically, the energy storage unit power distribution module includes:

[0271] Based on the power allocation results, obtain the power setpoint of the energy storage system at time t. ;

[0272] The energy storage system consists of m energy storage units. The power output values ​​of the 1st, 2nd, ..., mth energy storage units at time t are respectively , ,..., ;

[0273] A coupling model of the state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) of an energy storage unit is established. The product operator of SOC and SOH for the j-th energy storage unit is calculated, and the coupling model is as follows:

[0274]

[0275] in, This represents the state of charge of the j-th energy storage unit. This indicates the health status of the j-th energy storage unit;

[0276] Calculate the average value of the product operator of S0C and SOH for m energy storage units. ;

[0277] Based on the statistical results, calculate the power setpoint adjustment coefficient for the j-th energy storage unit. Specifically:

[0278] ;

[0279] Assign a power setpoint to the j-th energy storage unit. The formula is:

[0280] .

[0281] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0282] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A demand-response-based optical-storage-charge power coordinated control method, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: With the optimization objectives of maximizing demand-side command responsiveness and minimizing microgrid energy loss, a microgrid dispatch loss objective function is established, incorporating photovoltaic power generation, energy storage systems, and electricity loads. Constraints are embedded, including constraints on the charging and discharging power of the energy storage system, the power exchange value between the microgrid and the grid, the output power of the photovoltaic system, the power value constraints of the electricity loads, and power balance constraints. This constructs a dual-objective optimization model for microgrid power dispatch. The objective function maximizing demand-side command responsiveness is: in, Indicates scheduling loss; T represents scheduling period; This represents the demand-side command scheduling power value at time t; This represents the power interaction between the microgrid and the grid at time t; This represents the unit power dispatch loss of the photovoltaic system; This represents the actual photovoltaic output power at time t; This represents the unit power dispatch loss of the energy storage system; This represents the overall output power of the energy storage system at time t; This represents the unit power dispatch loss of controllable load; This represents the actual power of the electrical load at time t; The objective function for minimizing energy loss in a microgrid is: in, This represents the energy loss of a microgrid. This indicates the photovoltaic power limiting state at time t. This represents the power value of the photovoltaic system at time t; The daily photovoltaic power forecast curve, electricity load power forecast curve and day-ahead dispatch command power curve are obtained from the power grid dispatch center. With the constraint of maintaining the energy storage SOC in the 0-100% range and avoiding full charging or full discharging, an initial capacity calculation model for the energy storage system is proposed to solve the initial state of charge (SOC0) of the energy storage system. Based on the real-time operation data of the microgrid, the expected energy storage output demand is calculated by comprehensively considering the demand-side command dispatch power value at time t, the actual power of the electricity load, the actual output power of the photovoltaic system, and the overall power loss of the microgrid. By comparing the joint regulation capability of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system with the expected energy storage output demand, a differentiated photovoltaic-energy storage coordinated control strategy is executed to allocate power between the photovoltaic and energy storage systems. Based on the power allocation results, a coupling model of the state of charge and health of the energy storage units is established. Considering the maximum charging and discharging power limit of each energy storage unit, and following the principle that the smaller the SOC and the smaller the SOH, the smaller the allocated power, the overall set power of the energy storage system is allocated to each energy storage unit according to the weight, thus completing the unit power allocation.

2. The demand-response-based optical storage-charge power coordinated control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific implementation process of constructing the dual-objective optimization model for microgrid power dispatch includes: With the optimization objectives of maximizing demand-side command responsiveness and minimizing microgrid energy loss, a microgrid dispatch loss objective function is established, which includes photovoltaic power generation, energy storage systems, and electricity load. The objective function that yields the highest degree of responsiveness to demand-side instructions is: in, Indicates scheduling loss; T represents scheduling period; This represents the demand-side command scheduling power value at time t; This represents the power interaction between the microgrid and the grid at time t; This represents the unit power dispatch loss of the photovoltaic system; This represents the actual photovoltaic output power at time t; This represents the unit power dispatch loss of the energy storage system; This represents the overall output power of the energy storage system at time t; This represents the unit power dispatch loss of controllable load; This represents the actual power of the electrical load at time t; The objective function for minimizing energy loss in a microgrid is: in, This represents the energy loss of a microgrid. This indicates the photovoltaic power limiting state at time t. This represents the power value of the photovoltaic system at time t; Embedded constraints include the charging and discharging power constraints of the energy storage system, the power exchange value between the microgrid and the grid, the output power constraints of the photovoltaic system, the power value constraints of the electrical load, and the power balance constraints. The charging and discharging power constraints of the energy storage system are: ； in, This represents the minimum charging and discharging power of the energy storage system. This represents the charging and discharging power value of the energy storage system at time t. This indicates the maximum charging and discharging power of the energy storage system. This represents the charging ratio coefficient of the energy storage system. This represents the instantaneous maximum power of the energy storage system at time t. This represents the energy state of the energy storage system at time t. This represents the discharge ratio coefficient of the energy storage system; The constraints on the power exchange value between the microgrid and the grid are: ； in, This represents the maximum power exchange between the microgrid and the grid. This represents the minimum power exchange between the microgrid and the grid; This represents the power interaction value between the microgrid and the grid at time t; The output power constraint of the photovoltaic system is: ； in, Indicates the maximum power of photovoltaic power; This represents the output power of the photovoltaic system at time t; The power constraints for electrical loads are as follows: ； in, This indicates the maximum operating power value of the controllable load. This represents the minimum operating power value for a controllable load. This represents the controllable load power value at time t; The power balance constraint for power interaction between microgrids and the grid is: in, This represents the overall power loss of the microgrid.

3. The demand-response-based optical-storage-charge power coordinated control method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific implementation process for solving the initial state of charge of the energy storage system includes: Obtain daily photovoltaic power forecast curves, electricity load power forecast curves, and day-ahead dispatch command power curves from the power grid dispatch center; Considering that the state of charge of the energy storage system needs to meet the demand-side command, absorb photovoltaic power generation as much as possible, and reduce the dispatch loss of the microgrid, an initial capacity calculation model for the energy storage system is proposed. The initial capacity calculation model of the energy storage system satisfies the initial capacity constraint of the energy storage system and the dual-objective optimization model of microgrid power dispatch. Based on the daily forecast curves of photovoltaic power generation, electricity load, and day-ahead dispatch command power, and with the constraint of maintaining the energy storage SOC in the 0-100% range and avoiding full charging or full discharging, the initial capacity constraints of the energy storage system include: Where SOC0 represents the initial capacity of the energy storage system. This represents the predicted output power of the photovoltaic system at time t; This represents the predicted power consumption at time t. Indicates the power of the scheduling command at time t. This indicates the end of the energy storage system's full charge. This indicates the starting point when demand-side instructions are 0. This indicates the endpoint when the demand-side instructions are 0.

4. The demand-response-based optical storage-charge power coordinated control method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific implementation process of power allocation between the photovoltaic and energy storage systems includes: Based on real-time operation data of the microgrid, and considering the demand-side dispatch power value at time t, the actual power of the electricity load, the actual output power of the photovoltaic system, and the overall power loss of the microgrid, the expected energy storage output demand ΔD is calculated, expressed as follows: ; Based on the expected energy storage output demand, a differentiated photovoltaic-energy storage coordinated control strategy is implemented to allocate power between the photovoltaic and energy storage systems, including: When the energy storage output demand ΔD > 0, meaning the energy storage system needs to charge in response to the dispatch command, then: When the expected energy storage output demand of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum value of the joint charging regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system, i.e. in, This represents the maximum allowable overall charging power of the energy storage system at time t. This represents the maximum allowable overall charging power of the energy storage system at time t; The power setpoints for both the photovoltaic system and the energy storage system remain unchanged from the previous setpoint. When the expected output demand of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum value of the overall charging power of the energy storage system but is less than the maximum value of the joint charging regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system, that is... The power setpoint of the energy storage system is set to the maximum value for adjusting the charging power of the energy storage system, which limits the power of the photovoltaic system. (Photovoltaic system power setpoint) for: ; When the expected output demand of the energy storage system is less than the maximum charging power of the energy storage system and the maximum combined charging regulation value of the photovoltaic system, the power setpoint of the energy storage system is set to the maximum charging power regulation value of the energy storage system, that is, the power setpoint of the energy storage system is set to the expected output demand of the energy storage system. The power limit for photovoltaic systems is set at an increment equal to the difference between the expected output demand of the energy storage system and the charging power of the energy storage system, i.e., the power setpoint for the photovoltaic system. for: ; When the energy storage output demand ΔD≤0, meaning the energy storage system needs to discharge in response to the dispatch command, then: When the expected energy storage output demand of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum value of the joint discharge regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system, i.e. in, This represents the maximum allowable overall discharge power of the energy storage system at time t; This indicates the maximum value of the combined discharge regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system; The power setpoints for both the photovoltaic system and the energy storage system remain unchanged from the previous setpoint. When the expected output demand of the energy storage system does not exceed the maximum value of the overall discharge power of the energy storage system and is greater than the maximum value of the joint discharge regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system, that is... The power setpoint of the energy storage system is set to the maximum discharge power regulation value of the energy storage system, which limits the power of the photovoltaic system. The photovoltaic system power setpoint is... for: ; When the expected output demand of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum value of the overall discharge power, the energy storage system power setpoint is set to the maximum value of the energy storage system's discharge power adjustment, i.e., the energy storage system power setpoint is set to the expected output demand of the energy storage system. The power limit for photovoltaic systems is set at an increment equal to the difference between the expected output demand of the energy storage system and the discharge power of the energy storage system, i.e., the power setpoint for the photovoltaic system. for: .

5. The demand-response-based optical-storage-charge power coordinated control method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific implementation process of the unit power allocation includes: Based on the power allocation results, obtain the power setpoint of the energy storage system at time t. ; The energy storage system consists of m energy storage units. The power output values ​​of the 1st, 2nd, ..., mth energy storage units at time t are respectively , ,..., ; A coupling model of the state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) of an energy storage unit is established. The product operator of SOC and SOH for the j-th energy storage unit is calculated, and the coupling model is as follows: in, This represents the state of charge of the j-th energy storage unit. This indicates the health status of the j-th energy storage unit; Calculate the average value of the product operator of S0C and SOH for m energy storage units. ; Based on the statistical results, calculate the power setpoint adjustment coefficient for the j-th energy storage unit. Specifically: ； Assign a power setpoint to the j-th energy storage unit. The formula is: 。 6. A demand-response-based photovoltaic-energy storage power coordinated control system, characterized in that, The system includes: a data acquisition module, an optimization model construction module, an initial state solution module, a photovoltaic-storage collaborative allocation module, and an energy storage unit power allocation module. The data acquisition module is used to collect real-time operating data of the microgrid, including photovoltaic power generation, power load and energy storage system status parameters. The optimization model building module is used to construct a dual-objective optimization model for microgrid power dispatch, embedding constraints and aiming to maximize demand-side command responsiveness and minimize microgrid energy loss. The objective function for maximizing demand-side command responsiveness is: in, Indicates scheduling loss; T represents scheduling period; This represents the demand-side command scheduling power value at time t; This represents the power interaction between the microgrid and the grid at time t; This represents the unit power dispatch loss of the photovoltaic system; This represents the actual photovoltaic output power at time t; This represents the unit power dispatch loss of the energy storage system; This represents the overall output power of the energy storage system at time t; This represents the unit power dispatch loss of controllable load; This represents the actual power of the electrical load at time t; The objective function for minimizing energy loss in a microgrid is: in, This represents the energy loss of a microgrid. This indicates the photovoltaic power limiting state at time t. This represents the power value of the photovoltaic system at time t; The initial state solution module is used to combine the daily photovoltaic power prediction curve, the electricity load power prediction curve and the day-ahead dispatch command power curve to propose an initial capacity calculation model for the energy storage system and solve the initial state of charge of the energy storage system. The photovoltaic-storage collaborative allocation module is used to calculate the expected energy storage output demand, execute differentiated photovoltaic-storage collaborative allocation strategies, and allocate power between photovoltaic and energy storage systems. The energy storage unit power allocation module is used to establish a coupling relationship model between the state of charge and the health state of the energy storage unit based on the power allocation results, and to complete the unit power allocation.

7. A demand-response-based optical-storage-charge power coordinated control system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The optimization model construction module includes: With the optimization objectives of maximizing demand-side command responsiveness and minimizing microgrid energy loss, a microgrid dispatch loss objective function is established, which includes photovoltaic power generation, energy storage systems, and electricity load. The objective function that yields the highest degree of responsiveness to demand-side instructions is: in, Indicates scheduling loss; T represents scheduling period; This represents the demand-side command scheduling power value at time t; This represents the power interaction between the microgrid and the grid at time t; This represents the unit power dispatch loss of the photovoltaic system; This represents the actual photovoltaic output power at time t; This represents the unit power dispatch loss of the energy storage system; This represents the overall output power of the energy storage system at time t; This represents the unit power dispatch loss of controllable load; This represents the actual power of the electrical load at time t; The objective function for minimizing energy loss in a microgrid is: in, This represents the energy loss of a microgrid. This indicates the photovoltaic power limiting state at time t. This represents the power value of the photovoltaic system at time t; Embedded constraints include the charging and discharging power constraints of the energy storage system, the power exchange value between the microgrid and the grid, the output power constraints of the photovoltaic system, the power value constraints of the electrical load, and the power balance constraints. The charging and discharging power constraints of the energy storage system are: ； in, This represents the minimum charging and discharging power of the energy storage system. This represents the charging and discharging power value of the energy storage system at time t. This indicates the maximum charging and discharging power of the energy storage system. This represents the charging ratio coefficient of the energy storage system. This represents the instantaneous maximum power of the energy storage system at time t. This represents the energy state of the energy storage system at time t. This represents the discharge ratio coefficient of the energy storage system; The constraints on the power exchange value between the microgrid and the grid are: ； in, This represents the maximum power exchange between the microgrid and the grid. This represents the minimum power exchange between the microgrid and the grid; This represents the power interaction value between the microgrid and the grid at time t; The output power constraint of the photovoltaic system is: ； in, Indicates the maximum power of photovoltaic power; This represents the output power of the photovoltaic system at time t; The power constraints for electrical loads are as follows: ； in, This indicates the maximum operating power value of the controllable load. This represents the minimum operating power value for a controllable load. This represents the controllable load power value at time t; The power balance constraint for power interaction between microgrids and the grid is: in, This represents the overall power loss of the microgrid.

8. The demand-response-based photovoltaic-energy storage power coordinated control system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The initial state solution module includes: Obtain daily photovoltaic power forecast curves, electricity load power forecast curves, and day-ahead dispatch command power curves from the power grid dispatch center; Considering that the state of charge of the energy storage system needs to meet the demand-side command, absorb photovoltaic power generation as much as possible, and reduce the dispatch loss of the microgrid, an initial capacity calculation model for the energy storage system is proposed. The initial capacity calculation model of the energy storage system satisfies the initial capacity constraint of the energy storage system and the dual-objective optimization model of microgrid power dispatch. Based on the daily forecast curves of photovoltaic power generation, electricity load, and day-ahead dispatch command power, and with the constraint of maintaining the energy storage SOC in the 0-100% range and avoiding full charging or full discharging, the initial capacity constraints of the energy storage system include: Where SOC0 represents the initial capacity of the energy storage system. This represents the predicted output power of the photovoltaic system at time t; This represents the predicted power consumption at time t. Indicates the power of the scheduling command at time t. This indicates the end of the energy storage system's full charge. This indicates the starting point when demand-side instructions are 0. This indicates the endpoint when the demand-side instructions are 0.

9. A demand-response-based photovoltaic-energy storage power coordinated control system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The optical-storage collaborative allocation module includes: Based on real-time operation data of the microgrid, and considering the demand-side dispatch power value at time t, the actual power of the electricity load, the actual output power of the photovoltaic system, and the overall power loss of the microgrid, the expected energy storage output demand ΔD is calculated, expressed as follows: ; Based on the expected energy storage output demand, a differentiated photovoltaic-energy storage coordinated control strategy is implemented to allocate power between the photovoltaic and energy storage systems, including: When the energy storage output demand ΔD > 0, meaning the energy storage system needs to charge in response to the dispatch command, then: When the expected energy storage output demand of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum value of the joint charging regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system, i.e. in, This represents the maximum allowable overall charging power of the energy storage system at time t. This represents the maximum allowable overall charging power of the energy storage system at time t; The power setpoints for both the photovoltaic system and the energy storage system remain unchanged from the previous setpoint. When the expected output demand of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum value of the overall charging power of the energy storage system but is less than the maximum value of the joint charging regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system, that is... The power setpoint of the energy storage system is set to the maximum value for adjusting the charging power of the energy storage system, which limits the power of the photovoltaic system. (Photovoltaic system power setpoint) for: ; When the expected output demand of the energy storage system is less than the maximum charging power of the energy storage system and the maximum combined charging regulation value of the photovoltaic system, the power setpoint of the energy storage system is set to the maximum charging power regulation value of the energy storage system, that is, the power setpoint of the energy storage system is set to the expected output demand of the energy storage system. The power limit for photovoltaic systems is set at an increment equal to the difference between the expected output demand of the energy storage system and the charging power of the energy storage system, i.e., the power setpoint for the photovoltaic system. for: ; When the energy storage output demand ΔD≤0, meaning the energy storage system needs to discharge in response to the dispatch command, then: When the expected energy storage output demand of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum value of the joint discharge regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system, i.e. in, This represents the maximum allowable overall discharge power of the energy storage system at time t; This indicates the maximum value of the combined discharge regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system; The power setpoints for both the photovoltaic system and the energy storage system remain unchanged from the previous setpoint. When the expected output demand of the energy storage system does not exceed the maximum value of the overall discharge power of the energy storage system and is greater than the maximum value of the joint discharge regulation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic system, that is... The power setpoint of the energy storage system is set to the maximum discharge power regulation value of the energy storage system, which limits the power of the photovoltaic system. The photovoltaic system power setpoint is... for: ; When the expected output demand of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum value of the overall discharge power, the energy storage system power setpoint is set to the maximum value of the energy storage system's discharge power adjustment, i.e., the energy storage system power setpoint is set to the expected output demand of the energy storage system. The power limit for photovoltaic systems is set at an increment equal to the difference between the expected output demand of the energy storage system and the discharge power of the energy storage system, i.e., the power setpoint for the photovoltaic system. for: .

10. A demand-response-based photovoltaic-energy storage power coordinated control system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The energy storage unit power distribution module includes: Based on the power allocation results, obtain the power setpoint of the energy storage system at time t. ; The energy storage system consists of m energy storage units. The power output values ​​of the 1st, 2nd, ..., mth energy storage units at time t are respectively , ,..., ; A coupling model of the state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) of an energy storage unit is established. The product operator of SOC and SOH for the j-th energy storage unit is calculated, and the coupling model is as follows: in, This represents the state of charge of the j-th energy storage unit. This indicates the health status of the j-th energy storage unit; Calculate the average value of the product operator of S0C and SOH for m energy storage units. ; Based on the statistical results, calculate the power setpoint adjustment coefficient for the j-th energy storage unit. Specifically: ； Assign a power setpoint to the j-th energy storage unit. The formula is: 。

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