Stator of an electric machine

Abstract

The invention relates to a stator of an electric machine, comprising a stator group having stator teeth and stator grooves located between the stator teeth, and comprising stator windings running in the stator grooves, the stator teeth each having a tooth end facing away from a stator yoke, the stator yoke having a tooth end facing away from the stator yoke, the stator grooves have a groove gap formed between the respective tooth ends, and wherein the groove gap of the stator group is closed by means of a groove closing unit, characterized in that the groove closing unit (12) has a closing web (13) located in the groove gap (11) for closing the groove gap (11), an anchoring structure (14) is formed on the closing web (13) of the groove closing unit (12), the anchoring structure (14) protrudes into the tooth end (10) or extends through the tooth end in the circumferential direction through an anchoring path (15), and the anchoring path (15) is formed by tooth grooves (16) in the lamination teeth (17) of at least two adjacent special laminations (3s).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a stator of an electric motor of the type according to the independent claim. Background Technology

[0002] According to DE102021207922A1, a stator of an electric motor is known, which has a stator assembly comprising laminated laminations, the stator assembly having stator teeth and stator grooves located between the stator teeth and extending about a stator axis, and the stator having stator windings extending in the stator grooves, wherein the stator teeth are connected to each other by annular stator yokes and each has a tooth tip, particularly a tooth crest, facing away from the stator yokes, wherein the stator grooves have groove gaps formed between the respective tooth tips, and wherein the groove gaps of the stator assembly are closed by means of groove closing units, wherein the stator grooves are respectively saturated by a cooling medium, particularly oil, along a cooling path. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Advantages of the present invention.

[0004] In contrast, the stator of the motor according to the invention, having the features of the characteristic portions of the independent claims, has the advantage of improved fastening of the grooved sealing unit at the stator assembly. Furthermore, it avoids the fan-shaped expansion of the stator assembly. This allows for more precise dimensional manufacturing of the stator assembly in the axial direction. Additionally, less iron needs to be removed overall from the corresponding tooth ends of the stator assembly to fasten the grooved sealing unit, resulting in less power or torque loss due to the grooved sealing unit.

[0005] This is achieved according to the present invention by the following means: - The groove sealing unit has a sealing tab located in the groove gap for sealing the groove gap. - An anchoring structure is constructed at the sealing tab of the groove sealing unit, which is used to anchor the corresponding sealing tab at at least one adjacent tooth tip or at least one adjacent sealing tab. - The corresponding anchoring structure of the corresponding closed connector extends into or through the corresponding tooth tip along the circumferential direction via the anchoring path. - The corresponding anchoring path of the corresponding tooth tip is formed by the tooth groove in the stacked teeth of at least two adjacent special stacks, wherein at least a portion of the tooth groove, in particular all the tooth grooves, extends only on a portion of the corresponding stacked teeth in the circumferential direction.

[0006] The advantageous improvements and enhancements to the stator of the motor specified in the independent claim can be achieved by the measures listed in the dependent claims.

[0007] Particularly advantageous is that the tooth grooves of the corresponding lamination teeth of the respective special laminations open circumferentially toward one of the groove gaps. In this way, the material of the groove-sealing unit can enter the cavity formed by the tooth groove at the end of the corresponding tooth before hardening and harden to anchor the groove-sealing unit in the cavity at the end of the corresponding tooth. The corresponding tooth groove extends circumferentially beyond the central axis of the tooth of the corresponding lamination and opens particularly toward the air gap. In this way, if the two special laminations are arranged laterally inverted relative to each other or twisted relative to each other by a torsion angle, the tooth grooves can overlap at adjacent special laminations in the ends of the corresponding teeth.

[0008] Furthermore, it is advantageous that the anchoring path extends in the respective tooth tips across multiple adjacent lamination planes and includes the overlap of the tooth grooves. This further improves the securing of the grooved closure unit at the stator assembly.

[0009] A significant advantage is that at least some, and in particular all, of the sealing tabs of the grooved sealing unit are connected to each other by a partially annular anchoring structure. In this way, the grooved sealing unit can be anchored particularly well in the stator assembly.

[0010] Another advantage is that the grooved sealing unit includes at least one connecting ring that connects the sealing tabs circumferentially to each other and is formed by a circumferential anchoring structure. This further improves the fastening of the grooved sealing unit at the stator assembly.

[0011] Furthermore, it is advantageous that the grooves of the corresponding special laminations are arranged at different positions along the circumferential direction according to a repeating pattern, wherein the grooves of the corresponding special laminations are arranged in a particularly mirror-symmetrical or rotationally symmetrical manner. In this way, multiple special laminations of the same shape can be used to form an anchoring path including the overlapping portion of the grooves. This allows for the generation of anchoring paths in the stator assembly at a low cost.

[0012] Furthermore, it is advantageous that the grooved sealing unit is formed of plastic, especially elastomer, thermosetting plastic, or thermoplastic plastic, and is particularly injection molded or molded onto the stator assembly or stator section assembly. In this way, for example by means of injection molding tools, the grooved sealing unit can be easily and cost-effectively constructed onto the stator assembly or stator section assembly. Moreover, because a very small air gap is achieved between the stator and rotor, the maximum torque of the motor can be increased. Furthermore, the plastic of the grooved sealing unit can firmly connect the laminations of the stator assembly or stator section assembly to each other.

[0013] Advantageously, the stator assembly comprises multiple stator section groups, wherein at least one anchoring path is constructed at at least one tooth tip of at least one stator section group. In this way, the groove closure unit can be easily anchored at the stator section group, particularly the first or second stator section group.

[0014] Furthermore, it is advantageous that the special laminations of the stator assembly or stator section are arranged laterally inverted relative to each other and / or twisted relative to each other around the stator axis with respect to a specific number of stator grooves, especially an integer approximation of the number of stator grooves. In this way, multiple special laminations with the same or identical profiles can be used to form the anchoring path. This allows for the creation of anchoring paths in the stator assembly at a low cost.

[0015] Furthermore, it is advantageous to provide at least two first stator portion groups in the stator assembly, in which the stator windings are clamped to the support portions in the stator grooves of these first stator portion groups. In this way, the support portions in the stator assembly can be formed according to variations of the first and second support portions.

[0016] Furthermore, it is advantageous to provide at least one, particularly two, at least two, particularly at least three, first stator portion groups that are twisted in opposite directions in the stator assembly for clamping the stator windings at the support portion of the stator recess. In this way, the support portion in the stator assembly can be formed according to a variation of the first support portion, which includes the twisting of the first stator portion groups.

[0017] Furthermore, it is advantageous that the grooved sealing unit comprises multiple grooved sealing sub-units arranged sequentially along the axial direction, each of which is associated with one of the stator component groups. This arrangement of the grooved sealing unit enables the first stator component group to be torn according to a variation of the first support portion. Alternatively, the grooved sealing unit can be integrally constructed, i.e., without interfaces, and so elastically that it elastically deforms when the first stator component group is torn.

[0018] It is highly advantageous that a protective element, particularly a protective sleeve or protective tab, is provided in the stator groove of the corresponding first stator section group. This protective element at least partially covers the tooth flanks of the stator teeth of the corresponding first stator section group to protect the stator winding, and is particularly integrally connected to the groove closing unit or groove closing subunit, or is particularly configured as a separate component.

[0019] Another advantage is that the protective element includes an expandable material, particularly capable of thermal expansion, for forming a support portion by clamping the stator windings into stator recesses of the respective first stator portion group. In this way, support portions can be formed in the stator group according to variations of the second support portion. After the stator windings are assembled, the protective element undergoes thermal expansion, thereby clamping the stator windings at the support portion and thus supporting them at the stator group by the expansion of the protective element. The recess closure unit and the protective element can, for example, be manufactured using a multi-stage, two-component injection molding process, wherein the recess closure unit is injection molded from a non-expandable first component, and the protective element is injection molded from an expandable second component.

[0020] Advantageously, at least one second stator section is provided in the stator assembly, which is arranged between two first stator section groups or between multiple first stator section groups in one set of first stator section groups and oriented circumferentially such that the conductors of the stator winding extend along the stator groove in each stator groove of the second stator section group at a distance from the two tooth sides of the stator groove, thereby forming groove gap channels in the stator groove. In this way, the stator grooves can be circulated by cooling medium, especially oil, along the cooling path, thereby enabling direct cooling of the conductors and thus achieving particularly good cooling of the stator.

[0021] The present invention further relates to an electric motor having a stator according to the invention and a rotor rotatable about the stator axis, wherein an air gap is constructed between the stator and the rotor. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Embodiments of the present invention are shown simplified in the accompanying drawings and explained in more detail in the following description.

[0023] in: Figure 1 An electric motor having a stator according to the invention is shown. Figure 2 It shows according to Figure 1 A three-dimensional partial view of a stator according to the invention, the stator having multiple stator portion groups and having a groove closing unit according to the invention comprising multiple groove closing subunits. Figure 3 It shows according to Figure 2 One of the stator portion groups of the stator, the stator having a groove-sealed subunit according to the invention. Figure 4 It shows according to Figure 3 The stator portion assembly according to the invention includes special laminations according to the invention as end laminations and is shown with concealed recesses closing the subunits. Figure 5It shows according to Figures 2 to 4 One of the stator components is a special lamination according to the present invention, and Figure 6 A cross-section extending axially along the stator groove is shown according to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 One of the stator recesses of the stator, the stator having multiple first stator portion groups and second stator portion groups. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Figure 1 An electric motor having a stator according to the present invention is shown.

[0025] The stator 1 of the motor 2 has a stator assembly 4 comprising laminations 3, the stator assembly having stator teeth 5 and stator grooves 6 located between the stator teeth 5 and extending around a stator axis 7. The stator 1 further includes a stator winding 8 extending in the stator grooves 6. Individual conductors 38 or stacks of conductor bundles 39 comprising multiple conductors 38, particularly flat wire conductors, are respectively provided in the stator grooves 6 to form the stator winding 8.

[0026] The motor 2 additionally has a rotor 31 rotatable about a stator axis 7 and, for example, a housing 33. An air gap 32 is constructed between the stator 1 and the rotor 31.

[0027] The stator groove 6 can be traversed by cooling medium, especially oil, along the cooling path 20.

[0028] In the stator assembly 4, for example, at least one supply path 30 is constructed, which provides a cooling medium for the cooling path 20 and enters the stator groove 6 through the groove inlet 6i. In the corresponding stator groove 6, two cooling paths 20 extending in opposite directions are provided from the corresponding groove inlet 6i, for example, and these two cooling paths exit at the end of the corresponding stator groove 6 through the groove outlet 6a, for example, as a free beam.

[0029] Figure 2 It shows according to Figure 1 A three-dimensional partial view of a stator according to the invention, the stator having a plurality of stator portion groups and having a groove closing unit according to the invention comprising a plurality of groove closing subunits.

[0030] The stator teeth 5 are connected to each other by annular stator yokes 9 and each has a tooth tip 10 facing away from the stator yoke 9, which is particularly constructed as a tooth crest. The stator grooves 6 have groove gaps 11 formed between the corresponding tooth tips 10. The groove gaps 11 of the stator assembly 4 are closed by means of groove closing units 12 located at the periphery, especially the inner periphery, of the stator assembly 4.

[0031] According to the present invention, the groove closing unit 12 has a closing tab 13 located in the groove gap 11 for closing the groove gap 11. According to the present invention, an anchoring structure 14 is constructed at the closing tab 13 of the groove closing unit 12, the anchoring structure being used to anchor the corresponding closing tab 13 to at least one adjacent tooth tip 10 or at least one adjacent closing tab 13. The corresponding anchoring structure 14 of the corresponding closing tab 13 can extend circumferentially into or through the corresponding tooth tip 10 via an anchoring path 15.

[0032] The corresponding anchoring path 15 of the corresponding tooth tip 10 is formed by the tooth groove 16 in the lamination teeth 17 of at least two adjacent special laminations 3s.

[0033] At least a portion, and in particular all, of the sealing tabs 13 of the grooved sealing unit 12 can be connected to each other via a partially annular anchoring structure 14. In particular, the grooved sealing unit 12 can include at least one connecting ring 23 that connects the sealing tabs 13 to each other and is formed by the annular anchoring structure 14.

[0034] The stator assembly 4 can include multiple stator section assemblies 24. The laminations 3 of the corresponding stator section assemblies 24 include special laminations 3s that are securely connected to each other, especially by bonding, stamping, welding or joining.

[0035] At least one anchoring path 15 according to the invention is constructed at at least one tooth end 10 of at least one stator portion group 24.

[0036] In the stator assembly 4, at least two first stator portion assemblies 24.1 can be provided according to the first and second support portion variants, in which the stator winding 8 is clamped at the support portion 25 in the stator groove 6 of these first stator portion assemblies.

[0037] The grooved closure unit 12 is formed or made of, for example, plastic, especially elastomer, thermosetting plastic or thermoplastic plastic. In particular, the grooved closure unit 12 can be injection molded or molded into the stator assembly 4 or stator portion assembly 24.

[0038] according to Figure 2 In one embodiment, the grooved sealing unit 12 may include a plurality of grooved sealing sub-units 12p arranged sequentially along the axial direction, each of which is associated with one of the stator portion groups 24. Viewed axially, an interface 22 may be constructed between adjacent grooved sealing sub-units 12p, allowing the first stator portion group 24.1 to be twisted according to a variation of the first support portion. Alternatively, the grooved sealing sub-units 12p may be generated by the breakage of the sealing tab 13 during the twisting of the first stator portion group 24.1.

[0039] However, the grooved closure unit 12 can also be constructed integrally, i.e. without the interface 22. For the first support portion variant, the closure tab 13 of the grooved closure unit 12 is then implemented so elastically that the closure tab elastically deforms when the first stator portion assembly 24.1 is twisted.

[0040] Figure 3 It shows according to Figure 2 One of the stator components of the stator, the stator having a groove-closed subunit according to the invention.

[0041] according to Figure 3 The stator section group 24, especially the first stator section group 24.1.

[0042] At least one stack of special laminations 3s is provided in the stator section group 24, which can be an end stack or a middle stack of the stator section group 24. Figure 3 The stator section 24 is provided with two stacked bodies of special laminations 3s, which are spaced apart from each other and arranged as end stacked bodies.

[0043] A protective element 27, particularly a protective sleeve or protective tab, can be provided in the stator recess 6 of the corresponding first stator section 24.1. This protective element at least partially covers the tooth flanks of the stator teeth 5 of the corresponding first stator section 24.1 to protect the stator winding 8. The protective element 27 is formed or made of, for example, an electrically insulating material.

[0044] The protective element 27 can be integrally connected with the recessed closing unit 12 or the recessed closing subunit 12p, or can be implemented as a separate component.

[0045] For a second support variant not shown, the protective element 27 may include or contain an expandable material that is particularly capable of thermal expansion, for forming the support portion 25 by clamping the stator winding 8 in the stator recess 6 of the corresponding first stator portion group 24.1.

[0046] Figure 4 It shows according to Figure 3 The stator portion assembly according to the invention includes special laminations according to the invention as end laminations and is shown in the case of concealed recesses closing subunits.

[0047] At least a portion, in particular all, of the tooth grooves 16 extend only on a portion of the corresponding lamination tooth 17 in the circumferential direction. The corresponding tooth groove 16 is thus implemented, for example, in the form of a slot.

[0048] As by Figure 3 and Figure 4As is obvious, the anchoring path 15 extends in the respective tooth tip 10 in the planes of multiple adjacent stacks of the adjacent special stacks 3s and includes the overlap of the tooth groove 16.

[0049] Figure 5 It shows according to Figures 2 to 4 One of the stator components according to the special laminations of the present invention.

[0050] The tooth groove 16 of the corresponding lamination tooth 17 of the corresponding special lamination 3s is provided openly in the circumferential direction toward one of the groove gaps 11. The corresponding tooth groove 16 extends in the circumferential direction beyond the tooth center axis 17m of the corresponding lamination tooth 17 and is provided openly toward the air gap 32.

[0051] The corresponding special laminations 3s have grooves 16 at multiple, especially all, lamination teeth 17. According to Figure 5 In the embodiment, each stacked tooth 17 has a tooth groove 16. The tooth grooves 16 of the corresponding special stacked pieces 3s are arranged at different positions on the stacked teeth 17 in the circumferential direction according to a repeating pattern. The tooth grooves 16 of the corresponding special stacked pieces 3s can be arranged in a particularly mirror-symmetrical or rotationally symmetrical manner.

[0052] The special laminations 3s of stator group 4 or stator part group 24 can be constructed with the same or identical stamping profile, and arranged laterally reversed relative to each other in order to form anchoring path 15 and / or twisted relative to each other about a certain number of stator grooves 6, especially an integer approximation of the number of grooves of stator 1.

[0053] Figure 6 A cross-section extending axially along the stator groove is shown according to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 One of the stator recesses of the stator, the stator having multiple first stator portion groups and second stator portion groups.

[0054] according to Figure 6 The variant of the first support portion shown can be provided in the stator assembly 4 with at least one set 26, particularly two sets of at least two, particularly at least three sets of first stator portion assemblies 24.1 that are twisted in opposite directions around the stator axis 7, for clamping the stator winding 8 at the support portion 25 of the stator groove 6. The rotational position is fixed after the first stator portion assemblies 24.1 are twisted.

[0055] In addition, at least one second stator section group 24.2 may be provided in the stator group 4, which is arranged between the two groups 26 first stator section groups 24.1 or between a plurality of first stator section groups 24.1 in a group 26 and is oriented in the circumferential direction such that the conductor 38 of the stator winding 8 extends along the stator groove 6 in each stator groove 6 of the second stator section group 24.2 at a distance from the two tooth sides 5f of the stator groove 6, thereby forming a groove gap channel 21 in the stator groove 6.

Claims

1. A stator of an electric motor (2) having a stator assembly (4) comprising laminations (3), the stator assembly having stator teeth (5) and stator grooves (6) located between the stator teeth (5) and extending about a stator axis (7), and the stator having a stator winding (8) extending in the stator grooves (6), wherein, The stator teeth (5) are connected to each other by annular stator yokes (9) and each has a tooth tip (10) facing away from the stator yokes (9), particularly a tooth crest, wherein the stator grooves (6) have groove gaps (11) formed between the respective tooth tips (10), and wherein the groove gaps (11) of the stator assembly (4) are closed by means of groove closing units (12), wherein the stator grooves (6) are respectively traversable by cooling medium, particularly oil, along the cooling path (20), characterized in that, - The groove sealing unit (12) has a sealing tab (13) located in the groove gap (11) for sealing the groove gap (11). - An anchoring structure (14) is constructed at the sealing piece (13) of the groove sealing unit (12), the anchoring structure being used to anchor the corresponding sealing piece (13) at at least one adjacent tooth tip (10) or at least one adjacent sealing piece (13). - The corresponding anchoring structure (14) of the corresponding closed connector (13) extends into or through the corresponding tooth end (10) along the circumferential direction via the anchoring path (15). - The corresponding anchoring path (15) of the corresponding tooth tip (10) is formed by the tooth groove (16) in the stacked teeth (17) of at least two adjacent special stacks (3s), wherein at least a portion of the tooth groove (16), in particular all the tooth grooves (16), extend only on a portion of the corresponding stacked teeth (17) in the circumferential direction.

2. The stator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tooth groove (16) of the corresponding stacked tooth (17) of the corresponding special stacked piece (3s) opens in the circumferential direction toward one of the groove gaps (11), wherein the corresponding tooth groove (16) extends in the circumferential direction beyond the tooth center axis (17m) of the corresponding stacked tooth (17) and opens in particular toward the air gap (32).

3. The stator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The anchoring path (15) extends in the respective tooth tip (10) in a plurality of adjacent lamination planes and includes the overlap of the tooth groove (16).

4. The stator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, At least a portion, in particular all, of the sealing tabs (13) of the groove sealing unit (12) are connected to each other by a partially annular anchoring structure (14).

5. The stator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The groove closure unit (12) includes at least one connecting ring (23) that connects the closure tabs (13) to each other and is formed by an annular anchoring structure (14).

6. The stator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The grooves (16) of the corresponding special stack (3s) are arranged at different positions along the circumferential direction according to the repeating pattern, wherein the grooves (16) of the corresponding special stack (3s) are arranged in particular in a mirror-symmetric or rotationally symmetric manner.

7. The stator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The groove closure unit (12) is formed of plastic, especially elastomer, thermosetting plastic or thermoplastic plastic and is especially injection molded or molded onto the stator assembly (4) or stator section assembly (24).

8. The stator according to claim 7, characterized in that, The stator group (4) includes a plurality of stator section groups (24), wherein at least one anchoring path (15) is constructed at at least one tooth tip (10) of at least one stator section group in the stator section group (24).

9. The stator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The special laminations (3s) of the stator group (4) or stator part group (24) are arranged laterally upside down relative to each other in order to form an anchoring path (15) and / or twisted relative to each other about the stator axis (7) by a certain number of stator grooves (6), especially an integer approximation of the number of grooves of the stator (1).

10. The stator according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that, At least two first stator section groups (24.1) are provided in the stator group (4), and the stator winding (8) is clamped in the stator groove (6) of the first stator section group at the support part (25).

11. The stator according to claim 10, characterized in that, The stator assembly (4) is provided with at least one set (26), especially two sets (26), at least two, especially at least three first stator portion sets (24.1) that are twisted in opposite directions, for clamping the stator winding (8) at the support portion (25) of the stator groove (6).

12. The stator according to claim 11, characterized in that, The groove sealing unit (12) includes a plurality of groove sealing sub-units (12p) arranged sequentially along the axial direction, and these groove sealing sub-units are respectively assigned to one of the stator part groups (24).

13. The stator according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that, A protective element (27), particularly a protective sleeve or protective tab, is provided in the stator groove (6) of the corresponding first stator section (24.1). This protective element at least partially covers the tooth flank (5f) of the stator teeth (5) of the corresponding first stator section (24.1) to protect the stator winding (8), and is particularly integrally connected to the groove closing unit (12) or groove closing subunit (12p), or is particularly configured as a separate component.

14. The stator according to claim 13, characterized in that, The protective element (27) includes an expandable material that is particularly capable of thermal expansion, for forming a support portion (25) by clamping the stator winding (8) in the stator groove (6) of the corresponding first stator portion group (24.1).

15. The stator according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that, At least one second stator section group (24.2) is provided in the stator group (4), which is arranged between two groups (26) of first stator section groups (24.1) or between a plurality of first stator section groups (24.1) of a group (26) of first stator section groups (24.1) and is oriented in the circumferential direction such that the conductor (38) of the stator winding (8) extends along the stator groove (6) in each stator groove (6) of the second stator section group (24.2) at a distance from the two tooth sides (5f) of the stator groove (6), thereby forming a groove gap channel (21) in the stator groove (6).

16. An electric motor (2) having a stator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims and a rotor (31) rotatable about a stator axis (7), wherein, An air gap (32) is constructed between the stator (1) and the rotor (31).

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