Control system for monitoring temperature and humidity of gas pipeline of breathing machine and use method of control system

Abstract

The invention discloses a control system for monitoring the temperature and humidity of a breathing machine gas pipeline and a using method thereof, and particularly relates to the technical field of medical instruments, the control system comprises a pipeline structure, a sensing module, an execution module and a control module, and the control module is in signal connection with the sensing module and the execution module; and the display module is in signal connection with the control module and is used for displaying monitoring data of the first temperature and humidity sensor, the second temperature and humidity sensor and the third temperature and humidity sensor. The sensing module and the execution module are arranged, and the sensing module is used for monitoring temperature and humidity changes of different positions (such as an outlet of a humidifying tank, the middle section of a pipeline where a water accumulating cup is located and the patient end, in butt joint with an artificial airway, of a Y-shaped connector) in a pipeline structure of the breathing machine; when the system finds that the temperature drop of a certain section exceeds a set value, the control module controls the execution module to perform heating compensation, so that the gas keeps stable temperature and humidity in the whole transmission process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and more specifically, to a control system for monitoring the temperature and humidity of a ventilator gas tubing and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Mechanical ventilation is a core life support technology for maintaining respiratory function in critically ill patients in the ICU. Effective humidification of inhaled gas is crucial for protecting airway mucosal function, improving patient comfort, and preventing related complications. Currently, mainstream invasive humidification protocols in clinical practice primarily rely on either a heated humidifier combined with single-point temperature control at the outlet or a thermostatic breathing tubing with a built-in heating wire. Both technologies aim to provide patients with inhaled gas that meets clinical guidelines (such as requiring a gas temperature of 37°C and 100% relative humidity at the Y-connector) and are indispensable basic equipment.

[0003] However, the aforementioned existing technologies have significant limitations. Our cross-sectional survey of 40 ICU patients on mechanical ventilation showed that although the humidifier outlet temperature could reach 39±5℃, the temperature dropped to 30±2℃ when the gas was delivered to the Y-type interface of the artificial airway via tubing. This is a significant difference from the ideal conditions of 37℃ and 100% relative humidity recommended by domestic and international guidelines. This data confirms that whether it is the single-point temperature control of the humidifier or the constant temperature heating of the heating wire tubing, the core monitoring and control is concentrated at the equipment end or the tubing itself, rather than directly facing the patient. During the process of delivering gas to the patient through the breathing tubing, unavoidable heat loss (thermal attenuation) and humidity reduction occur due to factors such as ambient temperature, tubing length, and ventilation flow rate. This results in the actual temperature and humidity of the gas inhaled by the patient being lower than the set values. Especially in winter, with long tubing, or when using high flow rates, the gas often becomes cold and dry by the time it reaches the patient due to thermal attenuation. This leads to the actual temperature and humidity of the gas inhaled by the patient being lower than the set values, which not only affects the treatment effect but also easily causes condensation to form in the tubing, increasing the nursing burden, tubing resistance, and the risk of infection.

[0004] To address the above problems, this invention proposes a control system and its usage method for monitoring the temperature and humidity of a ventilator gas tubing, as a further improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the aforementioned deficiencies of the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a control system and its method for monitoring the temperature and humidity of a ventilator gas tubing. The invention aims to collect real-time gas temperature data by deploying multiple temperature sensors at the outlet of the humidifier 11, the middle section of the tubing (at the water collection cup 14), and the patient end (where the artificial airway connects to the patient). Based on the temperature difference between these points, segmented linkage heating logic is set to ensure that the gas temperature at the patient end remains stable at the clinically required level. This solution can dynamically compensate for heat attenuation in the tubing, reduce condensation generation, improve humidification efficiency and airway safety, while also exhibiting good energy-saving effects and environmental adaptability.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a control system for monitoring the temperature and humidity of a ventilator gas tubing, comprising: The piping structure includes: a humidifier tank connected to the ventilator, a first pipe, a three-way pipe, a water collection cup, a second pipe, a Y-connector, and a return air pipe; The outlet of the humidifier is connected to the inlet of the first pipe, the outlet of the first pipe is connected to one interface of the tee, and the other two interfaces of the tee are respectively connected to the water collection cup and the inlet of the second pipe; the outlet of the second pipe is connected to one branch interface of the Y-type connector, and the other branch interface of the Y-type connector is connected to the humidifier through the return air pipe; the main connector of the Y-type connector is used to connect to the artificial airway. The sensing module includes: a first temperature and humidity sensor disposed at the outlet of the humidification tank, a second temperature and humidity sensor disposed on the inner wall of the connection between the three-way pipe and the water collection cup, and a third temperature and humidity sensor disposed on the inner wall of the main connector of the Y-type connector. The execution module includes: a mid-section heating module disposed within the wall of the first pipe and an end heating module disposed within the wall of the second pipe; The control module is signal-connected to both the sensing module and the execution module; and, The display module is signal-connected to the control module and is used to display the monitoring data of the first temperature and humidity sensor, the second temperature and humidity sensor, and the third temperature and humidity sensor.

[0007] Furthermore, the signal input terminal of the control module is electrically connected to the first temperature and humidity sensor, the second temperature and humidity sensor, and the third temperature and humidity sensor, respectively, and the signal output terminal of the control module is electrically connected to the middle heating module and the end heating module, respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, both the middle heating module and the end heating module are electric heating wires wound or embedded in the inner wall of the corresponding pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the display module is integrated into the outer casing of the humidification tank.

[0010] Furthermore, the control module integrates a data communication unit for wirelessly transmitting data from the sensing module to an external display device.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes an alarm module that is connected to the control module via a signal, the alarm module being configured as an audible and visual alarm.

[0012] Furthermore, the control module is configured to trigger the alarm module when the value detected by the third temperature and humidity sensor is lower than the first preset alarm threshold.

[0013] Furthermore, the control module is configured to trigger the alarm module when the change in the value detected by the third temperature and humidity sensor exceeds the second preset alarm threshold within a unit time.

[0014] A method for using a temperature and humidity control system for monitoring the gas tubing of a ventilator includes the following steps: S1: System preparation and initial setup: device connection, power-on startup and self-test, and setting target parameters: the first execution thermal compensation temperature difference value of the middle section heating module and the second execution thermal compensation temperature difference value of the end heating module; S2: Full-process multi-point monitoring and data display: This control system monitors key nodes in real time through sensor modules deployed in the pipeline structure; and updates the data and dynamic trend curves of the sensor modules on the display module in real time; S3: Segmented linkage heating and thermal attenuation compensation: S31: The control module determines whether the difference between the detection values ​​of the first temperature and humidity sensor and the second temperature and humidity sensor exceeds the first thermal compensation temperature difference value set in S1. If yes, it determines that there is significant heat loss in the first pipeline and then proceeds to S32; otherwise, it proceeds to S33. S32: The control module then activates the mid-section heating module to heat the first pipe in a targeted manner to compensate for heat loss; return to S31; S33: The control module determines whether the difference between the detection values ​​of the second temperature and humidity sensor and the third temperature and humidity sensor exceeds the second thermal compensation temperature difference value set in S1. If yes, it determines that there is heat loss entering the second pipeline, and then executes S34; if no, it proceeds to S4. S34; The control module then activates the end heating module to heat the second pipe in a targeted manner to compensate for heat loss; then returns to S33; S4: Low temperature judgment and heat source compensation; The control module determines whether the value detected by the third temperature and humidity sensor is lower than the first preset alarm threshold. If so, it is determined that the temperature of the heating gas in the humidification tank is low, and the control module automatically increases the set temperature of the main heating plate of the humidification tank from the basic 37°C to 40°C, and then returns to S34; if not, it directly enters S5. S5: The control module determines whether the value detected by the third temperature and humidity sensor exceeds 37℃. If yes, the control module automatically stops the middle heating module and the end heating module; then proceeds to S6; if no, it returns to S4. S6: The control module determines whether the value detected by the third temperature and humidity sensor exceeds 37°C. If yes, the control module automatically restores the set temperature of the main heating plate of the humidification tank to 37°C and then returns to S2; otherwise, it returns to S4.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S31, if it is determined that there is significant heat loss in the first pipe, the control module triggers the alarm module, and the display module displays that the first pipe is at a low temperature. In step S33, if it is determined that heat loss has entered the second pipe, the control module triggers the alarm module, and the display module displays that the second pipe is at a low temperature. In step S4, if it is determined that the temperature of the heating gas in the humidification tank is low, the control module triggers the alarm module, and the display module displays that the temperature of the heating gas in the humidification tank is abnormal.

[0016] If, in S2-S6, the change in the value detected by the third temperature and humidity sensor exceeds the second preset alarm threshold within a unit time, the control module will trigger the alarm module, and the display module will show abnormal temperature fluctuations.

[0017] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. Compared with existing technologies, by setting up a sensing module and an execution module, the sensing module monitors the temperature and humidity changes at different locations in the ventilator's tubing structure (such as the humidifier outlet, the middle section of the tubing where the water collection cup is located, and the patient end connected to the artificial airway using a Y-connector); when the system detects that the temperature of a certain section drops beyond the set value, the control module will control the execution module to perform heating compensation, so that the gas maintains a stable temperature and humidity throughout the entire transmission process.

[0018] 2. Compared with existing technologies, by setting an alarm module, when a first preset alarm threshold is set, the control module can compare the temperature and humidity with the first preset alarm threshold, thereby triggering the alarm module based on the result. Furthermore, the control module controls the execution module to perform heating compensation on the corresponding pipeline structure, thus ensuring that the gas delivered to the patient is always maintained at an optimal temperature of 37±0.5℃ and suitable humidity. This not only reduces condensation and saves energy, but also improves patient comfort and reduces the maintenance workload for medical staff. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pipeline structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating the method steps of the present invention.

[0022] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 10. Piping structure; 11. Humidification tank; 12. First pipe; 13. T-connector; 14. Water collection cup; 15. Second pipe; 16. Y-connector; 17. Return air pipe; 20. Sensing module; 21. First temperature and humidity sensor; 22. Second temperature and humidity sensor; 23. Third temperature and humidity sensor; 30. Execution module; 31. Mid-section heating module; 32. End-stage heating module; 40. Control module; 50. Display module; 60. Alarm module. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0024] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 The control system shown includes a system for monitoring the temperature and humidity of a ventilator gas tubing. The tubing structure 10 includes: a humidifier 11 connected to the ventilator, a first pipe 12, a three-way pipe 13, a water collection cup 14, a second pipe 15, a Y-type connector 16, and a return air pipe 17. The outlet of the humidifier tank 11 is connected to the inlet of the first pipe 12. The outlet of the first pipe 12 is connected to one interface of the tee pipe 13. The other two interfaces of the tee pipe 13 are connected to the inlet of the water collection cup 14 and the second pipe 15, respectively. The outlet of the second pipe 15 is connected to one branch interface of the Y-type connector 16. The other branch interface of the Y-type connector 16 is connected to the humidifier tank 11 through the return air pipe 17. The main connector of the Y-type connector 16 is used to connect to the artificial airway. The sensing module 20 includes: a first temperature and humidity sensor 21 disposed at the outlet of the humidification tank 11, a second temperature and humidity sensor 22 disposed on the inner wall of the connection between the three-way pipe 13 and the water collection cup 14, and a third temperature and humidity sensor 23 disposed on the inner wall of the main connector of the Y-type connector 16. Execution module 30 includes: a mid-section heating module 31 disposed within the wall of the first pipe 12 and an end heating module 32 disposed within the wall of the second pipe 15; Control module 40, which is signal-connected to sensing module 20 and execution module 30 respectively; and, Display module 50 is connected to control module 40 by signal and is used to display the monitoring data of first temperature and humidity sensor 21, second temperature and humidity sensor 22 and third temperature and humidity sensor 23.

[0025] The key component of this system is the sensing module 20. Through a first temperature and humidity sensor 21 at the outlet of the humidifier 11, a second temperature and humidity sensor 22 on the inner wall of the connection between the three-way pipe 13 and the water collection cup 14, and a third temperature and humidity sensor 23 on the inner wall of the main connector of the Y-type connector 16, multiple temperature sensors are integrated within the pipeline structure 10 to collect gas temperature data in real time. Based on the temperature difference between these points, the mid-section heating module 31 and the end heating module 32 of the execution module 30 are activated in stages, ensuring that the gas temperature at the patient end remains stable at the clinically required level. This solution not only dynamically compensates for thermal attenuation in the pipeline structure 10 but also reduces condensate formation, improves humidification efficiency and airway safety, while also exhibiting good energy-saving effects and environmental adaptability.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, as shown in the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, the signal input terminal of the control module 40 is electrically connected to the first temperature and humidity sensor 21, the second temperature and humidity sensor 22 and the third temperature and humidity sensor 23, respectively, and the signal output terminal of the control module 40 is electrically connected to the middle section heating module 31 and the end section heating module 32, respectively.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, as shown in the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, both the middle heating module 31 and the end heating module 32 are electric heating wires wound or embedded in the inner wall of the corresponding pipe.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, as shown in the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, the display module 50 is integrated into the outer casing of the humidification tank 11.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, as shown in the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, the control module 40 integrates a data communication unit for wirelessly transmitting data from the sensing module 20 to an external display device.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, as shown in the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, it also includes an alarm module 60 that is signal-connected to the control module 40. The alarm module 60 is configured as an audible and visual alarm.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, as shown in the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, the control module 13 is configured to trigger the alarm module 15 when the value detected by the third temperature and humidity sensor 10 is lower than the first preset alarm threshold.

[0032] For example: the first preset alarm threshold is set to 34℃, that is, when the value detected by the third temperature and humidity sensor 23 is lower than 34℃, it indicates that the gas about to enter the patient is too cold, thus triggering the alarm module 15; the display module 50 displays the low temperature; In a preferred embodiment, as shown in the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, the control module 13 is configured to trigger the alarm module 15 when the change in the value detected by the third temperature and humidity sensor 10 exceeds the second preset alarm threshold within a unit time.

[0033] For example, the second preset alarm threshold is set to 1.5℃, that is, when the third temperature and humidity sensor 23 detects a change in temperature exceeding 1.5℃ per unit time, the alarm module 15 is triggered; the display module 50 displays abnormal temperature fluctuations.

[0034] The working principle of the control system of the present invention is as follows: During use, the first temperature and humidity sensor 21, the second temperature and humidity sensor 22, and the third temperature and humidity sensor 23 on the pipeline structure 10 are used to monitor the temperature and humidity at the outlet of the humidification tank 11, the connection between the three-way pipe 13 and the water collection cup 14, and the main connector of the Y-type connector 16 that connects to the patient's artificial airway in real time. The control module 40 controls the display module 50 to display the monitoring data of the first temperature and humidity sensor 21, the second temperature and humidity sensor 22, and the third temperature and humidity sensor 23, so that medical staff can clearly see the temperature change trend in the pipeline structure 10. When the difference between the value detected by the first temperature and humidity sensor 21 and the value detected by the second temperature and humidity sensor 22 exceeds 2°C, the system activates the middle section heating module 31 to heat the first pipe 12 to compensate for the heat loss of that section. When the difference between the value detected by the second temperature and humidity sensor 22 and the value detected by the third temperature and humidity sensor 23 exceeds 1.5℃, the system activates the end heating module 32 to heat the second pipe 15 to prevent the temperature of the gas introduced into the patient from being too low.

[0035] When the temperature and humidity sensor 23 detects a value below 34°C, it indicates that the gas is too cold, triggering the alarm module 15. The control module 40 then controls the automatic heating plate of the humidification tank 11 to raise the temperature from the initial temperature of 37°C to 40°C, ensuring that the gas inhaled by the patient can be kept stable at 37°C ± 0.5°C. Once the temperature recovers, the system will automatically revert to its previous state to avoid overheating. This system can also automatically record heating power, alarm information, and temperature curves, facilitating traceability and optimization.

[0036] like Figure 3 The following is a method of using a temperature and humidity control system for monitoring the gas tubing of a ventilator, comprising the following steps: S1: System preparation and initial setup: device connection, power-on startup and self-test, and setting target parameters; For example: Equipment connection: In accordance with clinical guidelines, connect the tubing structure 10 correctly, that is, connect the ventilator, humidifier 11, first tubing 12, three-way tubing 13, water collection cup 14, second tubing 15, Y-connector 16 and return air tubing 17, and ensure that the Y-connector 16 is tightly matched with the patient's artificial airway; Power-on startup and self-test: The control module 40 will perform a self-test, and the sensor module 20 and the execution module 30 will enter standby mode. The display module 50 will light up and begin displaying the initial temperature and humidity data transmitted by the first temperature and humidity sensor 21, the second temperature and humidity sensor 22, and the third temperature and humidity sensor 23; Setting target parameters: The core control objective of this system is to automatically and stably maintain the gas temperature at the third temperature and humidity sensor 23 near the patient within the clinically optimal range of 37℃±0.5℃. Therefore, the system presets the first execution thermal compensation temperature difference value for the mid-section heating module 31 and the second execution thermal compensation temperature difference value for the end-section heating module 32. For example, medical staff can set the first execution thermal compensation temperature difference value for the mid-section heating module 31 to 2℃ and the second execution thermal compensation temperature difference value for the end-section heating module 32 to 1.5℃ for the control module 40. S2: Full-process multi-point monitoring and data display: This control system monitors key nodes in real time through sensor modules 20 installed in the pipeline structure 10; and updates the data and dynamic trend curves of the sensor modules 20 on the display module 50 in real time. For example: the first temperature and humidity sensor 21 monitors the gas status at the outlet of the humidification tank 11; The second temperature and humidity sensor 22 monitors the gas status at the outlet of the water collection cup 14; The third temperature and humidity sensor 23 directly monitors the state of the gas that is about to enter the patient's airway.

[0037] Thus, all data and dynamic trend curves are updated in real time on display module 50, providing medical staff with a complete view of the pipeline temperature field.

[0038] S3: Segmented linkage heating and thermal attenuation compensation: S31: The control module 40 determines whether the difference between the detection values ​​of the first temperature and humidity sensor 21 and the second temperature and humidity sensor 22 exceeds the first thermal compensation temperature difference value set in S1. For example, if the first thermal compensation temperature difference value set in S1 is 2℃, then it determines whether the difference between the detection values ​​of the first temperature and humidity sensor 21 and the second temperature and humidity sensor 22 exceeds 2℃. If yes, it determines that there is significant heat loss in the first pipe 12, and then proceeds to S32; if no, it proceeds to S33. S32: Control module 40 then starts the intermediate heating module 31 to heat the first pipe 12 in a targeted manner to compensate for heat loss; in order to ensure that the heating compensation is successful, it is necessary to return to S31; S33: The control module 40 determines whether the difference between the detection values ​​of the second temperature and humidity sensor 22 and the third temperature and humidity sensor 23 exceeds the second thermal compensation temperature difference value set in S1. For example, if the second thermal compensation temperature difference value set in S1 is 1.5℃, then it determines whether the difference between the detection values ​​of the second temperature and humidity sensor 22 and the third temperature and humidity sensor 23 exceeds 1.5℃: if yes, it determines that heat loss has entered the second pipe 15, and then executes S34; if no, it proceeds to S4. S34; The control module 40 then starts the end heating module 32 to heat the second pipeline 15 in a targeted manner to compensate for heat loss and ensure that the gas temperature delivered to the patient meets the standard; then, in order to ensure that the heating compensation is successful, it needs to return to S33; S4: Low temperature judgment and heat source compensation; The control module 40 determines whether the detection value of the third temperature and humidity sensor 23 is lower than the first preset alarm threshold. If so, it is determined that the temperature of the heating gas in the humidification tank 11 is low, and the control module 40 automatically increases the set temperature of the main heating plate of the humidification tank 11 from the basic 37°C to 40°C, and then returns to S34 to ensure that the detection value of the third temperature and humidity sensor 23 is not lower than the first preset alarm threshold; if not, it directly proceeds to S5. In this embodiment, it is necessary to consider that the first preset alarm threshold is <37℃. Therefore, when the first preset alarm threshold is set to 34℃, it is determined whether the detection value of the third temperature and humidity sensor 23 is lower than 34℃. Because the water temperature inside the humidifier tank 11 fluctuates too much, it will significantly aggravate the condensation of water vapor in the ventilator tubing (i.e., produce condensate), making it difficult to achieve 100% relative humidity at 37°C where the third temperature and humidity sensor 23 is located. Therefore, this invention, combined with clinical statistics, as shown in the table below, will definitely have a significant temperature attenuation in the gas transmission of the ventilator tubing. Considering that international authoritative guidelines (such as AARC) and some hospital equipment procurement parameters clearly require that the temperature of the gas delivered to the patient must be below 41-42°C to prevent respiratory tract burns, the humidifier tank 11 is only set to have two temperatures: 37°C and 40°C.

[0039] S5: Does the control module 40 determine whether the value detected by the third temperature and humidity sensor 23 exceeds 37°C? If yes, the control module 40 first automatically stops the middle heating module 31 and the end heating module 32; then proceed to S6; if no, return to S4. S6: Does the control module 40 determine whether the value detected by the third temperature and humidity sensor 23 exceeds 37°C? If yes, the control module 40 automatically restores the set temperature of the main heating plate of the humidification tank 11 to 37°C and then returns to S2; if no, it returns to S4.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, in step S31, if it is determined that there is significant heat loss in the first pipe 12, the control module 40 triggers the alarm module 60, and the display module 50 displays that the first pipe 12 is at a low temperature. In S33, if it is determined that heat loss has entered the second pipe 15, the control module 40 triggers the alarm module 60, and the display module 50 displays that the second pipe 15 is at a low temperature. In S4, if it is determined that the temperature of the heating gas in the humidification tank 11 is low, the control module 40 triggers the alarm module 60, and the display module 50 displays that the temperature of the heating gas in the humidification tank 11 is abnormal.

[0041] If, in steps S2-S5, the change in the value detected by the third temperature and humidity sensor 23 exceeds the second preset alarm threshold within a unit time, then the control module 40 triggers the alarm module 60, and the display module 50 displays abnormal temperature fluctuations. For example, if the second preset alarm threshold is set to 1.5℃, then if the change in the value detected by the third temperature and humidity sensor 23 exceeds 1.5℃ within a unit time, the alarm module 60 will sound an alarm, and the display module 50 will display abnormal temperature fluctuations.

[0042] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0043] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A control system for monitoring the temperature and humidity of a ventilator gas tubing, characterized in that, include: The pipeline structure (10) includes: a humidifier (11) connected to the ventilator, a first pipeline (12), a three-way pipe (13), a water collection cup (14), a second pipeline (15), a Y-type connector (16), and a return air pipeline (17). The outlet of the humidifier (11) is connected to the inlet of the first pipe (12), the outlet of the first pipe (12) is connected to one interface of the three-way pipe (13), and the other two interfaces of the three-way pipe (13) are connected to the water collection cup (14) and the inlet of the second pipe (15), respectively; the outlet of the second pipe (15) is connected to one branch interface of the Y-type connector (16), and the other branch interface of the Y-type connector (16) is connected to the humidifier (11) through the return air pipe (17). The main connector of the Y-type connector (16) is used to connect to the artificial airway. The sensing module (20) includes: a first temperature and humidity sensor (21) disposed at the outlet of the humidification tank (11), a second temperature and humidity sensor (22) disposed on the inner wall of the connection between the three-way pipe (13) and the water collection cup (14), and a third temperature and humidity sensor (23) disposed on the inner wall of the main connector of the Y-type connector (16). The execution module (30) includes: a mid-section heating module (31) disposed in the wall of the first pipe (12) and an end heating module (32) disposed in the wall of the second pipe (15). Control module (40), which is signal-connected to sensing module (20) and execution module (30) respectively; and, The display module (50) is connected to the control module (40) by signal and is used to display the monitoring data of the first temperature and humidity sensor (21), the second temperature and humidity sensor (22) and the third temperature and humidity sensor (23).

2. The control system for monitoring the temperature and humidity of a ventilator gas tubing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal input terminal of the control module (40) is electrically connected to the first temperature and humidity sensor (21), the second temperature and humidity sensor (22) and the third temperature and humidity sensor (23), respectively, and the signal output terminal of the control module (40) is electrically connected to the middle section heating module (31) and the end heating module (32), respectively.

3. A control system for monitoring the temperature and humidity of a ventilator gas tubing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the middle section heating module (31) and the end heating module (32) are electric heating wires wound or embedded in the inner wall of the corresponding pipe.

4. The control system for monitoring the temperature and humidity of a ventilator gas tubing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display module (50) is integrated into the outer shell of the humidification tank (11).

5. A control system for monitoring the temperature and humidity of a ventilator gas tubing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module (40) integrates a data communication unit for wirelessly transmitting data from the sensing module (20) to an external display device.

6. A control system for monitoring the temperature and humidity of a ventilator gas tubing according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an alarm module (60) that is signal-connected to the control module (40), the alarm module (60) being configured as an audible and visual alarm.

7. A control system for monitoring the temperature and humidity of a ventilator gas tubing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control module (13) is configured to trigger the alarm module (15) when the detected value of the third temperature and humidity sensor (10) is lower than the first preset alarm threshold.

8. A control system for monitoring the temperature and humidity of a ventilator gas tubing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control module (13) is configured to trigger the alarm module (15) when the change in the value detected by the third temperature and humidity sensor (10) exceeds the second preset alarm threshold within a unit time.

9. A method of using a control system for monitoring the temperature and humidity of a ventilator gas tubing, comprising the control system for monitoring the temperature and humidity of a ventilator gas tubing as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: System preparation and initial setup: device connection, power-on startup and self-test, and setting target parameters: the first execution thermal compensation temperature difference value of the middle section heating module (31) and the second execution thermal compensation temperature difference value of the end heating module (32); S2: Full-process multi-point monitoring and data display: This control system monitors key nodes in real time through the sensor module (20) installed in the pipeline structure (10); and updates the data and dynamic trend curves of the sensor module (20) on the display module (50) in real time; S3: Segmented linkage heating and thermal attenuation compensation: S31: The control module (40) determines whether the difference between the detection value of the first temperature and humidity sensor (21) and the detection value of the second temperature and humidity sensor (22) exceeds the first thermal compensation temperature difference value set in S1. If yes, it determines that there is significant heat loss in the first pipeline (12) and then proceeds to S32; if no, it executes S33. S32: The control module (40) then starts the mid-section heating module (31) to heat the first pipe (12) in a targeted manner to compensate for heat loss; return to S31; S33: The control module (40) determines whether the difference between the detection value of the second temperature and humidity sensor (22) and the detection value of the third temperature and humidity sensor (23) exceeds the second thermal compensation temperature difference value set in S1. If yes, it determines that there is heat loss entering the second pipeline (15), and then executes S34; if no, it proceeds to S4. S34; The control module (40) then starts the end heating module (32) to heat the second pipe (15) in a targeted manner to compensate for heat loss; then returns to S33; S4: Low temperature judgment and heat source compensation; The control module (40) judges whether the detection value of the third temperature and humidity sensor (23) is lower than the first preset alarm threshold. If so, it is determined that the temperature of the heating gas of the humidification tank (11) is low, and the control module (40) automatically raises the set temperature of the main heating plate of the humidification tank (11) from the basic 37°C to 40°C, and then returns to S34; if not, it directly enters S5. S5: The control module (40) determines whether the value detected by the third temperature and humidity sensor (23) exceeds 37°C. If yes, the control module (40) first automatically stops the middle heating module (31) and the end heating module (32); then proceeds to S6; if no, it returns to S4. S6: The control module (40) determines whether the value detected by the third temperature and humidity sensor (23) exceeds 37°C. If yes, the control module (40) automatically restores the set temperature of the main heating plate of the humidification tank (11) to 37°C and then returns to S2; if no, it returns to S4.

10. The method of using a temperature and humidity control system for monitoring the gas tubing of a ventilator according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S31, if it is determined that there is significant heat loss in the first pipe (12), the control module (40) triggers the alarm module (60), and the display module (50) displays that the first pipe (12) is at a low temperature. In S33, if it is determined that heat loss has entered the second pipe (15), the control module (40) triggers the alarm module (60), and the display module (50) displays that the second pipe (15) is at a low temperature; In S4, if it is determined that the temperature of the heating gas in the humidification tank (11) is low, the control module (40) triggers the alarm module (60), and the display module (50) displays that the temperature of the heating gas in the humidification tank (11) is abnormal. If, in S2-S6, the change in the value detected by the third temperature and humidity sensor (23) exceeds the second preset alarm threshold within a unit time, the control module (40) triggers the alarm module (60), and the display module (50) displays abnormal temperature fluctuation.

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