Discharging device, filter press and discharging method of filter press

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of solid-liquid separation, in particular to a discharging device, a filter press and a discharging method of the filter press. The filter press comprises a rack and a plurality of drain board assemblies, each drain board assembly comprises drain boards and flexible water filtering pieces, and a plurality of flexible water filtering pieces are arranged between every two adjacent drain boards; the discharging device comprises a plurality of material pressing assemblies, the multiple material pressing assemblies are arranged at the tops of the multiple drainage plates in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and each material pressing assembly comprises a material pressing piece and a first driving piece which are arranged on the corresponding drainage plate in an up-down sliding mode. The pressing parts are configured to apply downward pressure to filter cakes on the two sides of the corresponding drainage plates through downward movement; the first driving piece is configured to provide elastic force for driving the material pressing piece to move upwards relative to the corresponding drainage plate, or the first driving piece is configured to drive the material pressing piece to slide on the corresponding drainage plate in the Z direction. Compared with the prior art, the discharging device is shorter in total discharging time, more sufficient in discharging and higher in discharging efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solid-liquid separation technology, and in particular to a discharge device, a filter press, and a discharge method for the filter press. Background Technology

[0002] Filter presses, as core equipment for industrial solid-liquid separation, are widely used in industries such as chemical engineering, coal washing, food processing, and environmental wastewater treatment. The main filtration components of a conventional filter press are side-by-side filter plates and filter cloth placed between them. During filtration, the filter plates form chambers, and the filtrate enters these chambers through the feed holes in the filter plates. It is then filtered through the filter cloth to remove moisture, ultimately forming a filter cake in the chambers between the plates. After filtration, a plate-pulling trolley sequentially pulls the filter plates apart, opening the closed filter chambers formed by adjacent plates and allowing the filter cake to fall off. To ensure more thorough cake removal, some plate-pulling trolleys are equipped with a vibrating device. After the filter plates are fully pulled apart to a specified distance, the trolley pauses its pulling action, and a pneumatic or electric vibrating device vibrates the filter plates or filter cloth to ensure the filter cake dislodges.

[0003] The existing vibration unloading method has the following problems: (1) In order to avoid the filter plate shifting or chain jamming caused by vibration during the plate pulling process, the plate pulling trolley needs to stop pulling the filter plate before the vibration unloading action can be carried out. The complete unloading time is the sum of the time of pulling the filter plate and the time of vibration unloading, which makes the unloading process take a long time; (2) This unloading method of vibrating the filter plate or filter cloth acts on the filter cloth rather than the filter cake, and the impact on the filter cake is weak. If the filter cake with high viscosity is encountered, the unloading will fail, affecting the implementation of the next process. Manual intervention is required, which increases labor costs and time consumption; (3) The efficiency is low and multiple vibrations are required to unload completely; (4) It is not suitable for stacked bag filter press. In the stacked bag filter press, the upper end of the filter bag is closed. The filter cake deforms and squeezes the closed surface during the pressing process, causing adhesion, which makes it more difficult for the filter cake to separate from the filter bag. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The first objective of this invention is to provide a discharge device to solve the technical problems of existing discharge methods, such as long discharge time, incomplete discharge, low efficiency, and unsuitability for stacked bag filter presses.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A discharge device is applied in a filter press. The filter press includes a frame and multiple drainage plate assemblies that slide along the X-direction and are arranged side by side on the frame. Each drainage plate assembly includes a drainage plate and flexible filter elements, with a plurality of flexible filter elements disposed between each pair of adjacent drainage plates. The discharge device includes multiple pressing assemblies, which are correspondingly disposed on top of the multiple drainage plates. Each pressing assembly includes a pressing element that slides along the Z-direction on a corresponding drainage plate and a first driving element connecting the pressing element and the corresponding drainage plate. The X-direction is parallel to the horizontal direction, and the Z-direction is perpendicular to the horizontal direction. The pressing element is configured to apply downward pressure to the filter cake located on both sides of the corresponding drainage plate by moving downward; The first drive member is configured to provide a spring force that causes the pressing member to move upward relative to the corresponding drain plate, or the first drive member is configured to cause the pressing member to slide along the Z-direction on the corresponding drain plate.

[0006] In some embodiments, when the first drive member is configured to provide a spring force that drives the pressing member upward relative to the corresponding drain plate, the unloading device further includes a second drive member, a lower pressing block, and a first horizontal drive mechanism, wherein: The second drive member is configured to slide along the X direction on the frame under the drive of the first horizontal drive mechanism; The lower pressure block is disposed at the power output end of the second driving member and suspended above the pressure member; The lowering block is configured to move up and down under the drive of the second driving member to apply downward pressure to a plurality of pressing members located directly below it.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first driving member is one of a compression spring, a tension spring, and a torsion spring; And / or, the second driving member is a piston cylinder that extends and retracts along the Z-direction; And / or, the first horizontal drive mechanism is one of a chain transmission mechanism, a belt transmission mechanism, a rack and pinion transmission mechanism, or a ball screw transmission mechanism.

[0008] In some embodiments, the pressing assembly further includes a guide column, which is fixed to the top of the corresponding drainage plate, and the pressing component is slidably disposed on the guide column.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first driving member is a compression spring, and the pressing member has a fitting connection hole. The compression spring and the fitting connection hole are sequentially fitted onto the guide column from bottom to top. And / or, the pressing assembly further includes a bushing, which is fixed to the pressing element and fitted onto the guide column.

[0010] In some embodiments, the flexible filter element is a filter bag, and several filter bags are suspended on both sides of each drainage plate along the X direction. The pressing element on the same drainage plate is connected to the upper end face of each filter bag by a tie, and / or, the lower end face of the pressing element on the same drainage plate is at a certain distance from the upper end face of each filter bag during the pressing process. And / or, the bottom of the pressure member has a V-shaped structure with the tip pointing downwards; And / or, the middle position of the pressing component is provided with a relief groove, which is used to avoid the corresponding drainage plate during the downward movement of the pressing component.

[0011] A second object of the present invention is to provide a filter press comprising the unloading device described in any of the above claims, the frame, and the plurality of drainage plate assemblies; It also includes a pull-plate trolley and a second horizontal drive mechanism, the pull-plate trolley being configured to slide along the X-axis on the frame under the drive of the second horizontal drive mechanism, for pulling apart the drain plate assemblies that are attached together.

[0012] In some embodiments, the filter press further includes a drainage baffle assembly slidably disposed on the frame along the X direction, with a drainage baffle assembly disposed between each pair of adjacent drainage plates, and a flexible filter element disposed between each pair of adjacent drainage plates and the drainage baffle assembly; The flexible filter element is a filter bag made by folding a piece of fabric downwards. An elastic sealing element is provided on the side of the drainage plate that is close to the flexible filter element. The elastic sealing element is used to press the open side of the flexible filter element to form a closed filter chamber.

[0013] In some embodiments, the device further includes a drainage baffle assembly slidably disposed on the frame along the X direction, a thrust plate fixed on the frame, and a clamping plate slidably disposed on the frame along the X direction, wherein the drainage baffle assembly and the drainage baffle assembly are alternately disposed between the thrust plate and the clamping plate; Handles are fixed on both sides of the drainage plate along the Y direction and on both sides of the drainage baffle assembly along the Y direction. The Y direction is parallel to the horizontal direction and perpendicular to the X direction. All the handles are divided into two types: long handles and short handles. The pull plate trolley has a plate hook for hooking and connecting with the long handle. Along the X direction, the drainage plate assembly and the drainage baffle assembly are divided into at least two filter press units, each of the filter press units including at least one drainage plate assembly and at least one drainage baffle assembly; In the group of filter press units closest to the pressing plate, the pressing plate, the drain plate, and the drain baffle assembly are connected in series by iron chains, flexible ropes, or connecting rods, and the handles in them are all short handles; In each of the remaining filter press units, the drain plate and the drain baffle assembly are connected in series by a chain, a flexible rope or a connecting rod, wherein the handle closest to the pressing plate is the long handle, and the rest of the handles are the short handles.

[0014] A third objective of this invention is to provide a method for unloading material from the aforementioned filter press, the method comprising: After the pressing process is completed, the pressing plate is retracted, which drives the filter press unit closest to the pressing plate to open, and the plate pulling trolley is controlled to open the remaining filter press units in sequence; Driven by the pressing plate or the pulling plate trolley, each filter press unit moves sequentially along the X direction. The iron chain, flexible rope or connecting rod between the drainage plate assembly and the drainage partition assembly in each filter press unit is straightened under the resistance of the frame, so that the drainage plate assembly and the drainage partition assembly that are attached together are separated by a specified distance. As the plate-pulling trolley pulls apart the next filter press unit that has been joined together, the pressing component inside the previously pulled-away filter press unit is controlled to move downwards for unloading.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention provides a discharge device, a filter press, and a discharge method for the filter press. The filter press includes a frame and multiple drainage plate assemblies that slide along the X-direction and are arranged side by side on the frame. Each drainage plate assembly includes a drainage plate and flexible filter elements, with a plurality of flexible filter elements disposed between each pair of adjacent drainage plates. The discharge device includes multiple pressing assemblies, which are correspondingly disposed on top of the multiple drainage plates. Each pressing assembly includes a pressing element that slides along the Z-direction on a corresponding drainage plate and a first driving element connected between the pressing element and the corresponding drainage plate. The X-direction is parallel to the horizontal direction, and the Z-direction is perpendicular to the horizontal direction. The pressing element is configured to apply downward pressure to the filter cake located on both sides of the corresponding drainage plate by moving downward. The first driving element is configured to provide a spring force that drives the pressing element to move upward relative to the corresponding drainage plate, or the first driving element is configured to drive the pressing element to slide along the Z-direction on the corresponding drainage plate.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the unloading device provided in this application has a shorter total unloading time, more complete unloading, and higher unloading efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a filter press provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view diagram of a filter press provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the pressing assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a side view of the pressing assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Sectional view at BB; Figure 6 for Figure 1 Enlarged view at point A; Figure 7 An assembly diagram of the second drive unit and the gantry frame provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the first and second horizontal drive mechanisms provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the drainage board assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 for Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure after the filter bag has been removed; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter bag in the filter press provided in an embodiment of the present invention when the filter bag is pulled open; Figure 12 for Figure 1 Enlarged view at point C; Figure 13 This is a schematic flowchart of the unloading method for a filter press provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] icon: 1-Frame; 11-Main beam; 12-Cylinder seat; 13-First guide rail; 14-Second guide rail; 15-Third guide rail; 2-Unloading device; 21-Pressure assembly; 211-Pressure component; 2111-Relief groove; 2112-Belt connection hole; 212-First drive component; 213-Guide column; 214-Busset; 215-Column support; 216-Pre-compression block; 217-Belt; 218-Pressure cap; 22-Second drive component; 23-Lower pressure block; 24-First horizontal drive mechanism; 241-Third drive component; 242-Drive shaft; 243-Driven sprocket; 244-Guard cover; 25-Gantry frame; 3-Drainage board assembly; 31-Drainage board; 32-Flexible filter element; 33-Elastic sealing element; 34-Water distributor; 35-Filter screen; 4-Drainage baffle assembly; 5-Pull-out trolley; 6-Second horizontal drive mechanism; 7- Iron chain; 8 - Handle; 81 - Long handle; 82 - Short handle; 9-Pressure application device; 91-Thrust plate; 92-Pressure plate; 93-Filter oil cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "connection" and "installation" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or a connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] The existing unloading methods of filter presses have the following problems: 1. Vibration can only be performed after the plate pulling action is completed, which takes a long time; 2. Vibration efficiency is low and time is long; 3. Vibration acts on the filter cloth rather than the filter cake, the vibration energy is small, and it is difficult to unload completely; especially for stacked bag filter presses, the existing vibration unloading method is difficult to completely separate the filter cake from the filter bag.

[0024] Based on this, the first aspect of this application provides a discharge device 2 for use in a filter press, referring to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The filter press includes a frame 1 and multiple drainage plate assemblies 3 that slide along the X-direction and are arranged side by side on the frame 1. Each drainage plate assembly 3 includes drainage plates 31 and flexible filter elements 32, with a plurality of flexible filter elements 32 disposed between each pair of adjacent drainage plates 31. The plurality of flexible filter elements described in this application can be one, two, or more. The flexible filter elements 32 can be filter cloth or filter bags; that is, the filter press can be a traditional filter press using filter cloth as the filter element (e.g., plate and frame filter press, chamber filter press, diaphragm filter press), or a bag filter press.

[0025] Furthermore, the unloading device 2 includes multiple pressing assemblies 21, which are correspondingly arranged on top of multiple drainage plates 31. Combined with... Figure 3 and Figure 4 The pressing assembly 21 includes a pressing member 211 slidably disposed on a corresponding drainage plate 31 along the Z direction and a first driving member 212 connected between the pressing member 211 and the corresponding drainage plate 31; wherein the X direction is parallel to the horizontal direction and the Z direction is perpendicular to the horizontal direction; the pressing member 211 is configured to apply downward pressure to the filter cake located on both sides of the corresponding drainage plate 31 by moving downward; the first driving member 212 is configured to provide a spring force to drive the pressing member 211 to move upward relative to the corresponding drainage plate 31, or the first driving member 212 is configured to drive the pressing member 211 to slide along the Z direction on the corresponding drainage plate 31.

[0026] The unloading device 2 provided in this application is provided with a pressing assembly 21 on the top of each drainage plate 31. Each pressing assembly 21 can press down and unload the filter cake on both sides of the corresponding drainage plate 31. (Continue referring to...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 The second aspect of this application provides a filter press, which includes a frame 1, a plurality of drainage plate assemblies 3, and a discharge device 2 provided in any of the above embodiments. Therefore, the filter press has all the technical features and effects of the discharge device 2.

[0027] The advantages of this unloading device 2 compared to the prior art are as follows: First, since the movements of each pressing assembly 21 do not affect each other, the plate pulling action and the unloading action can be performed in parallel. That is, when the plate pulling trolley pulls the drainage plates 31 that are attached together, the pressing assemblies 21 on the separated drainage plates 31 can be pressed down to unload, thereby reducing the total unloading time. Second, unlike the existing technology that uses multiple vibrations to unload the filter plates, this application directly presses down to unload the filter cake, which not only unloads more fully but also eliminates the need for multiple vibrations, thus improving unloading efficiency. Third, for stacked bag filter presses, this pressing unloading method acts directly on the upper surface of the filter bag, which helps to separate the upper surface of the filter bag from the filter cake, allowing the filter cake to fall smoothly from the filter bag. For traditional filter presses that use filter cloth as the filter element, the pressing element 211 directly pushes the filter cake between the two filter cloths downwards, allowing the filter cake to fall smoothly from the filter cloth.

[0028] Continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the first drive member 212 is configured to provide a spring force that drives the pressing member 211 to move upward relative to the corresponding drainage plate 31. The unloading device 2 also includes a second drive member 22, a lower pressing block 23, and a first horizontal drive mechanism 24, wherein: the second drive member 22 is configured to slide along the X direction on the frame 1 under the drive of the first horizontal drive mechanism 24; the lower pressing block 23 is disposed at the power output end of the second drive member 22 and suspended above the pressing member 211; the lower pressing block 23 is configured to move up and down under the drive of the second drive member 22 to apply downward pressure to a plurality of pressing members 211 located directly below it. When the lower pressing block 23 moves downward under the drive of the second drive member 22, the lower pressing block 23 pushes the plurality of pressing members 211 located directly below it to move downward relative to the corresponding drainage plate 31, so as to apply downward pressure to the filter cake directly below the plurality of pressing members 211. When the pressing block 23 moves upward under the drive of the second driving member 22, the aforementioned pressing members 211 rise and reset under the drive of the first driving member 212.

[0029] In some other embodiments, the first drive member 212 is configured to drive the pressing member 211 to slide along the Z-direction on the corresponding drainage plate 31. For example, the first drive member 212 is a piston cylinder that extends and retracts along the Z-direction, with its two ends along the Z-direction connected to the pressing member 211 and the corresponding drainage plate 31, respectively. Thus, during the extension and retraction process, the first drive member 212 drives the pressing member 211 to move up and down on the corresponding drainage plate 31, thereby applying downward pressure to the filter cake on both sides of the drainage plate 31 and performing a reset action after unloading.

[0030] In the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings of this application (hereinafter collectively referred to as "this embodiment"), the first driving member 212 is an elastic member that stretches elastically along the Z-direction, configured to provide an elastic force that drives the pressing member 211 to move upward relative to the corresponding drain plate 31. Compared to embodiments where the first driving member 212 is a piston cylinder, this embodiment has the advantage of lower cost.

[0031] Optionally, the first driving element 212 is one of a compression spring, a tension spring, or a torsion spring.

[0032] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 In some embodiments, the pressing assembly 21 further includes a guide post 213, which is fixed to the top of the corresponding drainage plate 31, and the pressing component 211 is slidably disposed on the guide post 213. The number of guide posts 213 in the pressing assembly 21 can be one, two, or more, and their function is to limit the descent trajectory of the pressing component 211.

[0033] In this embodiment, the lower end of the guide column 213 is provided with a positioning protrusion, and the upper surface of the drainage plate 31 is provided with a corresponding positioning groove. The positioning protrusion is inserted into the positioning groove one by one to achieve positioning of the guide column 213 on the corresponding drainage plate 31. The pressing assembly 21 also includes a column support 215, which is fitted and fixed to the lower end of the guide column 213 one by one, and the column support 215 is fixed to the upper surface of the corresponding drainage plate 31 by bolts, thereby achieving a fixed connection between the guide column 213 and the corresponding drainage plate 31. In addition, the guide column 213 can also be fixed to the corresponding drainage plate 31 by welding or other methods.

[0034] In some embodiments, the first driving member 212 is a compression spring, and the pressing member 211 has a fitting connection hole. The compression spring and the fitting connection hole are fitted onto the guide column 213 from bottom to top. Figure 5 As shown, the two ends of the compression spring abut against the column support 215 and the pressure member 211 respectively, thereby applying an upward elastic force to the pressure member 211. Furthermore, the pressure assembly 21 also includes a pressure cap 218, which is fixed to the upper end face of the guide column 213. The fitting connection hole is configured so that the pressure cap 218 cannot pass through; for example, the diameter of the pressure cap 218 is larger than the diameter of the fitting connection hole, thereby preventing the pressure member 211 from falling off the guide column 213.

[0035] In some embodiments, the pressing assembly 21 further includes a bushing 214, which is fixed to the pressing member 211 and fitted onto the guide column 213. The bushing 214 can be a self-lubricating bearing. In this embodiment, the bushing 214 is a flanged bushing, with the flange of the bushing 214 abutting against the upper end face of the pressing member 211. A pre-pressing block 216 is also fitted onto the guide column 213, which is fixed to the upper end face of the pressing member 211 by screws. The flange of the bushing 214 is clamped between the pre-pressing block 216 and the pressing member 211, thus achieving a fixed connection between the bushing 214 and the pressing member 211 and providing pre-tightening force for the first driving member 212.

[0036] In some embodiments, the pressure member 211 is formed by one or a combination of sheet metal bending and welding processes, and its interior is hollow; the guide column 213 and the first drive member 212 are disposed inside the pressure member 211. Compared to the pressure member 211 being a solid plate structure, this embodiment provides installation space for the guide column 213 and the first drive member 212, making the structure of the pressure assembly 21 more compact, and also reduces the weight of the pressure member 211.

[0037] In some embodiments, the bottom of the pressing member 211 has a V-shaped structure with the tip pointing downwards. Further, a clearance groove 2111 is provided in the middle of the pressing member 211. The clearance groove 2111 is used to avoid the corresponding drainage plate 31 during the downward movement of the pressing member 211. This allows for simultaneous unloading and pressurization of the flexible filter elements 32 suspended on both sides of the drainage plate 31, and a single unloading action can remove the filter cake from a single drainage plate 31. Of course, the pressing member 211 can also be a split structure, with a gap reserved in the middle of the pressing member 211 for the drainage plate 31 to pass through.

[0038] In some embodiments of the filter press, which is a stacked bag filter press, the flexible filter element 32 is specifically a filter bag. Several filter bags are suspended on both sides of each drainage plate 31 along the X direction. A pressing element 211 located on the same drainage plate 31 is connected to the upper surface of each filter bag via a tie 217. The pressing element 211 is provided with a tie connection hole 2112 for the tie 217 to pass through. In other embodiments, the pressing element 211 located on the same drainage plate 31 can also be connected to the upper surface of each filter bag via screws, clips, or other connecting parts. Because the pressing element 211 located on the same drainage plate 31 is bolted to the upper surface of each filter bag via the tie 217, after the pressing action is completed, the pressing element 211 assists in resetting the upper surface of the filter bag during its upward movement, keeping the upper surface of the filter bag nearly flat and preventing uneven loading due to misalignment of the upper surfaces of the filter bags on both sides of the drainage plate 31.

[0039] In some embodiments, the lower end face of the pressing member 211 located on the same drainage plate 31 is at a certain distance from the upper end face of each filter bag during the pressing process, so as to avoid the volume of filter cake deformation.

[0040] Reference Figure 7 In some embodiments, the second driving member 22 is a piston cylinder that extends and retracts along the Z-direction. The number of second driving members 22 can be one, two, or more, and can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs (e.g., the length and weight of the lower pressure block 23). The lower pressure block 23 is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the second driving member 22, and its length is parallel to the X-direction. By controlling the length of the lower pressure block 23, it can push at least two pressing members 211 downwards at a time, thereby improving unloading efficiency.

[0041] The piston cylinder described in this application is one of a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, and an electric cylinder. Preferably, the piston cylinder is a pneumatic cylinder.

[0042] Optionally, the first horizontal drive mechanism 24 is one of a chain transmission mechanism, a belt transmission mechanism, a gear and rack transmission mechanism, or a ball screw transmission mechanism.

[0043] Reference Figure 8 In this embodiment, the first horizontal drive mechanism 24 is a chain transmission mechanism. The first horizontal drive mechanism 24 includes a third drive member 241, a transmission shaft 242, a driven sprocket 243, and two chains. The third drive member 241 is a motor (or a hydraulic motor), the main body of which is mounted on the frame 1. A drive sprocket is mounted on its power output shaft. The two ends of the transmission shaft 242 are respectively mounted on both sides of the frame 1 along the Y direction via bearing seats. A driven sprocket 243 meshing with the drive sprocket is mounted in the middle of the transmission shaft 242, and a driven sprocket 243 is mounted on each end of the transmission shaft 242. A driven sprocket 243 is rotatably mounted on each side of the frame 1 along the Y direction. A chain connects the two driven sprockets 243 located on the same side of the frame 1 along the Y direction. The unloading device 2 also includes a gantry frame 25. The two uprights of the gantry frame 25 are respectively fixed at the middle positions of the two chains of the first horizontal drive mechanism 24, and the second drive member 22 is installed at the top middle position of the gantry frame 25. When the third drive unit 241 is activated, the third drive unit 241 drives the second drive unit 22 and the pressure block 23 to move along the X direction via the chain.

[0044] Furthermore, the third drive unit 241 is equipped with a counting device. For example, the third drive unit 241 is equipped with an encoder, and the position of the second drive unit 22 on the frame 1 is determined by the signal transmitted by the encoder, so that the unloading device 2 and the pull plate trolley are staggered, so that the pull plate action and the unloading action can be performed simultaneously.

[0045] Furthermore, the first horizontal drive mechanism 24 also includes a guard 244, which covers the sprocket to prevent the operator from being cut or caught in the rotation of the sprocket.

[0046] Belt transmission mechanisms, rack and pinion transmission mechanisms, and ball screw transmission mechanisms are all common transmission mechanisms, and their structures will not be described in detail here.

[0047] Continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A second aspect of this application provides a filter press, which includes a frame 1, a plurality of drainage plate assemblies 3, and a discharge device 2 provided in any of the above embodiments. Therefore, the filter press has all the technical features and effects of the discharge device 2. Further, the filter press also includes a plate-pulling trolley 5 and a second horizontal drive mechanism 6. The plate-pulling trolley 5 is configured to slide along the X-direction on the frame 1 under the drive of the second horizontal drive mechanism 6, and is used to pull apart the drainage plate assemblies 3 that are attached together.

[0048] Reference Figure 8 The second horizontal drive mechanism 6 and the first horizontal drive mechanism 24 are sequentially arranged on the frame 1 along the Z-direction. The structure of the second horizontal drive mechanism 6 is roughly the same as that of the first horizontal drive mechanism 24. A pull plate trolley 5 is installed at the middle position of each of the two chains in the second horizontal drive mechanism 6. The two uprights of the gantry 25 need to span across the two pull plate trolleys 5 to avoid motion interference between them.

[0049] During the unloading process, the unloading pressure assembly composed of the second driving component 22 and the lower pressure block 23 and the plate pulling trolley 5 operate in parallel under the drive of the first horizontal driving mechanism 24 and the second horizontal driving mechanism 6, respectively. The two do not interfere with each other, so that unloading and plate pulling are carried out simultaneously, and the unloading time is reduced by about half compared with the prior art.

[0050] Reference Figures 9 to 11 In some embodiments, the filter press further includes a drainage baffle assembly 4 slidably disposed on the frame 1 along the X direction. A drainage baffle assembly 4 is disposed between every two adjacent drainage plates 31, and a flexible filter element 32 is disposed between every adjacent drainage plate 31 and drainage baffle assembly 4. The flexible filter element 32 is a filter bag formed by folding a piece of fabric downwards. An elastic sealing element 33 is disposed on the side of the drainage plate 31 close to the flexible filter element 32. The elastic sealing element 33 is used to press the open side of the flexible filter element 32 to form a closed filter chamber. Figure 10 As shown, to accommodate filter bags with three openings, the elastic sealing member 33 has a U-shaped structure; the elastic sealing member 33 is fitted onto the drainage plate 31 via a dovetail-shaped protrusion. Alternatively, the elastic sealing member 33 can also be fixed to the drainage plate 31 with screws. In other embodiments, the filter bag may also have a structure with openings on one side or both sides.

[0051] Furthermore, the drainage baffle assembly 4 includes a drainage baffle made of flexible material. During the filter press process, the drainage plate 31 mainly functions as applying pressure, sealing the filter chamber, and draining water, while the drainage baffle mainly functions as a drain. That is, the drainage baffle does not bear the functions of applying pressure and sealing the filter chamber. Its thickness is generally less than that of the drainage plate 31, and its flexible nature also determines its lighter weight. Moreover, it usually does not have an elastic sealing element 33 on top. During the feeding process, the elastic sealing elements 33 on adjacent drainage plates 31 jointly clamp the open side of the filter bag between them, thereby jointly controlling the thickness of the filter chamber during feeding. During the unloading stage, the elastic sealing elements 33 release the pressure on the open side of the filter bag, so that the upper surface of the filter chamber is closed, while the other sides are open. Each open surface of the filter chamber forms a discharge channel, which facilitates the filter cake to fall from the filter chamber.

[0052] Based on the above structure, referring to Figure 11 Since the filter bag is formed by folding a single piece of filter cloth in half, it has two layers of filter cloth. These two layers are respectively connected to the adjacent drain plate 31 and drain partition assembly 4. Thus, when the adjacent drain plate 31 and drain partition assembly 4 are pulled apart, the two layers of filter cloth are also pulled apart, making it easier for the filter cake inside the filter bag to fall. The two layers of filter cloth are connected to the adjacent drain plate 31 and drain partition assembly 4 by one or more of the following: straps, screws, or adhesive.

[0053] Continue to refer to Figure 10 In some embodiments, the drainage plate assembly 3 further includes a water distributor 34, which is fixed to the upper side of the drainage plate 31. The water distributor 34 has one inlet and two outlets. The inlet of the water distributor 34 is fixedly connected to the feed hose, and the two outlets of the water distributor 34 are respectively connected to the feed ports of two filter bags suspended on both sides of the drainage plate 31. The purpose of uniform feeding is achieved by setting the water distributor 34.

[0054] In some embodiments, the drainage plate assembly 3 further includes a filter screen 35. The filter screen 35 is covered on the side of the drainage plate 31 adjacent to the flexible filter element 32, and drainage holes are machined on the side of the drainage plate 31 adjacent to the flexible filter element 32 to provide drainage channels for the pressure filtration process. The function of the filter screen 35 is to form a porous channel between the drainage plate 31 and the flexible filter element 32, which facilitates the rapid discharge of filtered liquid. Furthermore, the side of the drainage baffle adjacent to the flexible filter element 32 is also covered with a filter screen.

[0055] Continue to refer to Figure 2The filter press also includes a pressure applying device 9, which includes a thrust plate 91 fixed to the frame 1, a clamping plate 92 slidably disposed on the frame 1 along the X direction, and a filter press cylinder 93. A drain plate assembly 3 and a drain partition assembly 4 are alternately disposed between the thrust plate 91 and the clamping plate 92. The cylinder body of the filter press cylinder 93 is fixed to the cylinder seat 12 of the frame 1, and the piston rod end of the filter press cylinder 93 is fixedly connected to the clamping plate 92. The filter press cylinder 93 drives the clamping plate 92 to slide along the X direction on the frame 1, thereby pressing the drain plate assembly 3 and the drain partition assembly 4 between the thrust plate 91 and the clamping plate 92.

[0056] Furthermore, referring to Figure 12 Handles 8 are fixedly installed on both sides of the drainage plate 31 along the Y direction and on both sides of the drainage partition along the Y direction. The Y direction is parallel to the horizontal direction and perpendicular to the X direction. Each handle 8 is slidably connected to the frame 1 along the X direction. All handles 8 are of two types: long handles 81 and short handles 82. The plate-pulling trolley 5 has a hook for hooking and connecting with the long handles 81. That is to say, the drainage plate 31 with long handles 81 and the drainage partition with long handles 81 can be directly pulled by the plate-pulling trolley 5, while the drainage plate 31 with short handles 82 and the drainage partition with short handles 82 cannot be directly pulled by the plate-pulling trolley 5.

[0057] Furthermore, the frame 1 includes two main beams 11 spaced apart along the Y direction, a cylinder seat 12 connected between one end of the two main beams 11, and a thrust plate 91 connected between the other ends of the two main beams 11. (Continuing to refer to...) Figure 12 To limit the movement trajectory of each sliding component, each main beam 11 is fixed with a first guide rail 13, a second guide rail 14, and a third guide rail 15, all extending along the X direction. Each handle 8 is slidably mounted on the first guide rail 13 on the same side via a slider; each pull-plate trolley 5 is slidably mounted on the second guide rail 14 on the same side via a slider; and each upright of the gantry 25 is slidably mounted on the third guide rail 15 on the same side via a slider. Of all the handles 8, the long handle 81 is located on the movement trajectory of the pull-plate trolley 5 on the same side, thus allowing it to hook onto the trolley 5. The short handle 82, being shorter than the long handle 81, is offset from the movement trajectory of the pull-plate trolley 5, therefore preventing it from contacting the trolley 5.

[0058] Reference Figure 13Along the X direction, the drainage plate assembly 3 and the drainage baffle assembly 4 are divided into n filter press units, where n ≥ 2. Each filter press unit includes at least one drainage plate assembly 3 and at least one drainage baffle assembly 4. In the filter press unit closest to the pressing plate 92, the pressing plate 92, drainage plate 31, and drainage baffle assembly 4 are connected in series by a chain 7, a flexible rope, or a connecting rod, and the handles 8 within it are all short handles 82. In each of the remaining filter press units, the drainage plate 31 and drainage baffle assembly 4 are connected in series by a chain 7, a flexible rope, or a connecting rod, where the handle 8 closest to the pressing plate 92 is a long handle 81, and the remaining handles 8 are all short handles 82.

[0059] The chain segment between adjacent drainage plates 31 and drainage baffle assemblies 4 has a fixed length. During unloading, each time a drainage plate 31 is moved, the next drainage plate 31 to be unloaded is pulled away by a suitable distance through the fixed-length chain segment between that drainage plate 31, the drainage baffle assembly 4, and the next drainage plate 31. In this embodiment, there is no connection between two adjacent filter press units. In some other embodiments, all drainage plates 31 and all drainage baffle assemblies 4 can also be connected in series by iron chains 7.

[0060] It should be noted that, in terms of their function, both the drainage plate 31 and the drainage baffle belong to the category of filter plates. A filter plate with a long handle 81 can be either a drainage plate 31 or a drainage baffle. Similarly, a filter plate with a short handle 82 can be either a drainage plate 31 or a drainage baffle.

[0061] A third aspect of this application provides a method for unloading material from the above-described filter press, the method comprising: After the pressing process is completed, the pressing plate 92 retracts, which drives the filter press unit closest to the pressing plate 92 to open, and controls the plate pulling trolley 5 to open the remaining filter press units in sequence; Driven by the pressing plate 92 or the pulling plate trolley 5, each filter press unit moves sequentially along the X direction. The iron chain, flexible rope or connecting rod between the drain plate 31 and the drain baffle assembly 4 in each filter press unit is straightened by the resistance of the frame 1 (specifically the resistance of the first guide rail 13), so that the drain plate 31 and the drain baffle assembly 4 that are attached together are separated by a specified distance. As the plate-pulling trolley 5 pulls apart the next filter press unit that has been joined together, the pressing component 211 in the previously pulled-away filter press unit is controlled to move downwards for unloading.

[0062] Furthermore, referring to Figure 13 From the pressing plate 92 to the thrust plate 91, each filter press unit is sequentially the first filter press unit, the second filter press unit, ... the (n-1)th filter press unit and the nth filter press unit; The unloading method of the filter press includes: S1: After the pressing process is completed, the filter cylinder 93 retracts, driving the pressing plate 92 to move away from the thrust plate 91 to the initial position. The first filter unit moves to the designated position under the action of the pressing plate 92. The drain plate 31 and the drain baffle assembly 4, which are attached together in the first filter unit, are separated by a designated distance during the process of being pulled by the pressing plate 92.

[0063] S2: Control the pressing components 211 on each drainage plate 31 in the first filter press unit to move downwards for unloading. Specifically, firstly, control the first horizontal drive mechanism 24 to drive the second drive component 22 and the lower pressing block 23 to move directly above the first filter press unit; secondly, control the second drive component 22 to drive the lower pressing block 23 downwards. During this process, the lower pressing block 23 pushes all the pressing components 211 in the first filter press unit downwards to apply downward pressure to the filter cakes on both sides of all drainage plates 31 in the first filter press unit; after unloading is completed, control the second drive component 22 to drive the lower pressing block 23 upwards. At the same time, the pressing components 211 rise and reset under the elastic force of the first drive component 212.

[0064] S3: The control trolley 5 pulls the long handle 81 in the second filter press unit towards the pressure plate 92 until the drain plate 31 and drain baffle assembly 4 in the first filter press unit are pressed together and abut against the pressure plate 92. At this time, the second filter press unit moves to the designated position under the action of the trolley 5. The drain plate 31 and drain baffle assembly 4 in the second filter press unit, which were pressed together, separate by a designated distance during the pulling process of the trolley 5. After the drain plate 31 and drain baffle assembly 4 in the first filter press unit are pressed together and abut against the pressure plate 92, the motor current controlling the operation of the trolley 5 is overloaded as the trolley 5 is pulled further. When the current overload reaches the set value, the motor reverses, causing the trolley 5 to change direction.

[0065] S4: Control the pressing parts 211 on each drainage plate 31 in the second filter press unit to move downward to unload the material. At the same time, control the pulling trolley 5 to change direction and move towards the long handle 81 in the third filter press unit. After the second filter press unit is unloaded, control the pulling trolley 5 to pull the long handle 81 in the third filter press unit towards the pressing plate 92 until the second and third filter press units are in contact and the drainage plates 31 and drainage baffle assemblies 4 in the first and second filter press units are in contact with each other. At this time, the third filter press unit moves to the designated position under the pull of the pulling trolley 5. The drainage plates 31 and drainage baffle assemblies 4 in the third filter press unit that are in contact with each other are separated by a designated distance during the pulling process of the pulling trolley 5. When the second and third filter press units come into contact and the drainage plates 31 and drainage baffle assemblies 4 in the first and second filter press units are in contact with each other, as the plate pulling trolley 5 is pulled further, the motor current controlling the operation of the plate pulling trolley 5 is overloaded; when the current is overloaded to the set value, the motor runs in reverse, driving the plate pulling trolley 5 to change direction.

[0066] Then repeat step S4 to unload each filter press unit in turn.

[0067] For example, the method further includes step S5: controlling the pressing element 211 on each drainage plate 31 in the third filter press unit to move downward to unload material, and at the same time controlling the pulling plate trolley 5 to change direction and move towards the long handle 81 in the fourth filter press unit; after the third filter press unit is unloaded, controlling the pulling plate trolley 5 to pull the long handle 81 in the fourth filter press unit towards the pressing plate 92 until the third and fourth filter press units are in contact and the drainage plates 31 and drainage baffle assemblies 4 in the first, second and third filter press units are in contact with each other. At this time, the fourth filter press unit moves to a designated position under the pull plate trolley 5, and the drainage plates 31 and drainage baffle assemblies 4 in the fourth filter press unit that are in contact with each other are separated by a designated distance during the pulling process of the pulling plate trolley 5. After the third and fourth filter press units come into contact and the drainage plates 31 and drainage baffle assemblies 4 in the first, second and third filter press units are in contact with each other, as the plate pulling trolley 5 is pulled further, the motor current controlling the operation of the plate pulling trolley 5 is overloaded; when the current is overloaded to the set value, the motor runs in reverse, driving the plate pulling trolley 5 to change direction.

[0068] In other words, starting from the second filter press unit, the plate pulling trolley 5 and the unloading device 2 operate in parallel. The unloading action of the previous filter press unit is carried out during the process of the plate pulling trolley 5 changing direction and pulling the next filter press unit.

[0069] Compared to existing technologies, the unloading method of the filter press provided in this embodiment has the following advantages: First, the plate-pulling trolley 5 and the unloading device 2 operate in parallel, reducing the unloading time by approximately half compared to existing technologies. Second, unloading is more thorough and efficient. Third, compared to existing unloading methods that pull all the filter plates apart, in this application, only one filter plate in a filter pressing unit is pulled apart at a time during the unloading process, while the filter plates in the remaining filter pressing units remain closed. This significantly reduces the overall length of the filter press, or increases the number of filter plates while keeping the overall length of the filter press unchanged. Furthermore, it also reduces the extension and retraction stroke of the hydraulic cylinder, improving filtration efficiency. Fourth, each plate-pulling action of the plate-pulling trolley 5 is stopped with the pressing plate 92 as the reference (traditional filter presses control the plate-pulling trolley 5 to stop the plate-pulling action through a position switch), so as to accurately locate the position of each filter plate after it is pulled apart, so that the lower pressing block 23 can be aligned with the filter press unit to be unloaded; at the same time, it can also accurately identify the best reversing time of the plate-pulling trolley 5 and control the unloading time to a minimum.

[0070] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A discharge device, applied in a filter press, the filter press comprising a frame (1) and a plurality of drainage plate assemblies (3) sliding along the X direction and arranged side by side on the frame (1), the drainage plate assembly (3) comprising drainage plates (31) and flexible filter elements (32), wherein a plurality of the flexible filter elements (32) are arranged between each two adjacent drainage plates (31); characterized in that, The unloading device includes multiple pressing assemblies (21), which are correspondingly arranged on the top of multiple drainage plates (31). Each pressing assembly (21) includes a pressing member (211) slidably disposed on the corresponding drainage plate (31) along the Z direction and a first driving member (212) connecting the pressing member (211) and the corresponding drainage plate (31); wherein the X direction is parallel to the horizontal direction and the Z direction is perpendicular to the horizontal direction. The pressing element (211) is configured to apply downward pressure to the filter cake located on both sides of the corresponding drainage plate (31) by moving downward; The first drive member (212) is configured to provide a spring force that causes the pressing member (211) to move upward relative to the corresponding drain plate (31), or the first drive member (212) is configured to cause the pressing member (211) to slide along the Z direction on the corresponding drain plate (31).

2. The unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the first drive member (212) is configured to provide a spring force that drives the pressing member (211) to move upward relative to the corresponding drain plate (31), the unloading device further includes a second drive member (22), a lower pressing block (23), and a first horizontal drive mechanism (24), wherein: The second drive member (22) is configured to slide along the X direction on the frame (1) under the drive of the first horizontal drive mechanism (24); The lower pressure block (23) is disposed at the power output end of the second driving member (22) and suspended above the pressure member (211); The lower pressure block (23) is configured to move up and down under the drive of the second drive member (22) to apply downward pressure to a plurality of the pressure members (211) located directly below it.

3. The unloading device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first driving member (212) is one of a compression spring, a tension spring, or a torsion spring; And / or, the second drive member (22) is a piston cylinder that extends and retracts along the Z direction; And / or, the first horizontal drive mechanism (24) is one of the following: chain transmission mechanism, belt transmission mechanism, gear and rack transmission mechanism, and ball screw transmission mechanism.

4. The unloading device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pressing assembly (21) also includes a guide column (213), which is fixed to the top of the corresponding drainage plate (31), and the pressing component (211) is slidably disposed on the guide column (213).

5. The unloading device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first driving component (212) is a compression spring, and the pressing component (211) has a fitting connection hole. The compression spring and the fitting connection hole are fitted onto the guide column (213) from bottom to top. And / or, the pressing assembly (21) further includes a bushing (214), which is fixed on the pressing element (211) and fitted onto the guide column (213).

6. The unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible filter element (32) is a filter bag. Several filter bags are suspended on both sides of each drainage plate (31) along the X direction. The pressing element (211) on the same drainage plate (31) is connected to the upper end face of each filter bag by a tie (217). And / or, the lower end face of the pressing element (211) on the same drainage plate (31) is a certain distance from the upper end face of each filter bag during the pressing process. And / or, the bottom of the pressure member (211) has a V-shaped structure with the tip pointing downwards; And / or, the middle position of the pressing member (211) is provided with a relief groove (2111), the relief groove (2111) is used to avoid the corresponding drainage plate (31) during the downward movement of the pressing member (211).

7. A filter press, characterized in that, Includes the unloading device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, the frame (1), and the plurality of drainage plate assemblies (3); It also includes a pull plate trolley (5) and a second horizontal drive mechanism (6), the pull plate trolley (5) being configured to slide along the X direction on the frame (1) under the drive of the second horizontal drive mechanism (6), the pull plate trolley (5) being used to pull apart the drain plate assembly (3) that is attached together.

8. The filter press according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a drainage baffle assembly (4) that is slidably disposed on the frame (1) along the X direction, with a drainage baffle assembly (4) disposed between each two adjacent drainage plates (31), and a flexible filter element (32) disposed between each adjacent drainage plate (31) and the drainage baffle assembly (4). The flexible filter element (32) is a filter bag made by folding a piece of cloth downwards. An elastic sealing element (33) is provided on the side of the drainage plate (31) close to the flexible filter element (32). The elastic sealing element (33) is used to press the open side of the flexible filter element (32) to form a closed filter chamber.

9. The filter press according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, It also includes a drainage baffle assembly (4) slidably disposed on the frame (1) along the X direction, a thrust plate (91) fixed on the frame (1), and a clamping plate (92) slidably disposed on the frame (1) along the X direction. The drainage baffle assembly (3) and the drainage baffle assembly (4) are alternately disposed between the thrust plate (91) and the clamping plate (92). Handles (8) are fixed on both sides of the drainage board (31) along the Y direction and on both sides of the drainage baffle assembly (4) along the Y direction. The Y direction is parallel to the horizontal direction and perpendicular to the X direction. All the handles (8) are divided into two types: long handles (81) and short handles (82). The pull plate trolley (5) has a plate hook for hooking and connecting with the long handle (81). Along the X direction, the drainage plate assembly (3) and the drainage baffle assembly (4) are divided into n filter press units, n≥2, and each filter press unit includes at least one drainage plate assembly (3) and at least one drainage baffle assembly (4). In the filter press unit closest to the pressing plate (92), the pressing plate (92), the drain plate (31) and the drain baffle assembly (4) are connected in series by iron chain (7) or flexible rope or connecting rod, and the handles (8) therein are all the short handles (82). In each of the remaining filter press units, the drain plate (31) and the drain baffle assembly (4) are connected in series by a chain (7) or a flexible rope or a connecting rod, wherein the handle (8) closest to the pressing plate (92) is the long handle (81), and the rest of the handles (8) are the short handles (82).

10. A method for unloading material from a filter press as described in claim 9, characterized in that, include: After the pressing process is completed, the pressing plate (92) is retracted, which drives the filter press unit closest to the pressing plate (92) to open, and the plate pulling trolley (5) is controlled to open the remaining filter press units in sequence; Driven by the pressing plate (92) or the pulling plate trolley (5), each filter press unit moves sequentially along the X direction. The iron chain or flexible rope or connecting rod between the drain plate (31) and the drain baffle assembly (4) in each filter press unit is straightened under the resistance of the frame (1), so that the drain plate (31) and the drain baffle assembly (4) that are attached together are separated by a specified distance. During the process of the plate pulling trolley (5) pulling apart the next filter press unit that is attached together, the pressing component (211) in the previous filter press unit that was pulled apart is controlled to move downward to unload the material.

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