Unmanned aerial vehicle surveying and mapping data acquisition device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicle surveying and mapping, in particular to an unmanned aerial vehicle surveying and mapping data acquisition device which comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body, a surveying and mapping connecting plate installed on the bottom face of the unmanned aerial vehicle body and a surveying and mapping camera arranged on the bottom face of the surveying and mapping connecting plate. The surveying and mapping assembly is used for stably lifting a surveying and mapping camera; the first surveying and mapping pull rope always tends to be in a straight state under the gravity action of the balance weight ball, deviation of the surveying and mapping camera can be effectively limited under limiting of the square sleeve and the inner sliding plate, interference of wind power to the surveying and mapping camera is reduced, and the accuracy of data collected in scenes such as mountain crest gaps is ensured. Surveying and mapping errors caused by shaking of the surveying and mapping camera are avoided, and the problem that a traditional unmanned aerial vehicle surveying and mapping data acquisition device is inconvenient to carry out data acquisition on narrow terrains such as mountain top gaps is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) mapping technology, and in particular to a UAV mapping data acquisition device. Background Technology

[0002] As is well known, UAV surveying and mapping data acquisition devices are auxiliary devices used to measure and collect the shape, size, spatial location, and attributes of natural geographic elements or artificial facilities on the ground. They are widely used in the surveying and mapping field. Existing UAV surveying and mapping data acquisition devices include a UAV, a support frame, and a surveying camera. The support frame is set at the bottom of the UAV, and the surveying camera is mounted at the bottom of the support frame. When conducting data acquisition operations, the UAV carrying the surveying camera flies to the designated shooting position and takes pictures of the designated area to collect relevant data. When traditional drone surveying and data acquisition devices are used to collect data in narrow terrain such as mountain crevices, their flight range is greatly limited because their cameras are usually fixed to the bottom of the drone. When the drone tries to approach the mountain crevices for surveying, it may collide with the surrounding mountains, causing equipment damage or even crashing. This will not only cause economic losses, but may also delay the progress of the surveying project. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the technical deficiencies of existing technologies, this invention provides an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) mapping data acquisition device. The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a UAV mapping data acquisition device, including a UAV body, a mapping connecting plate installed on the bottom surface of the UAV body, and a mapping camera set on the bottom surface of the mapping connecting plate. The mapping connecting plate is equipped with a mapping component, which is used to stabilize and raise the mapping camera. The mapping component includes an internal threaded cylinder rotatably connected inside the mapping connecting plate and two threaded rods slidably connected inside the internal threaded cylinder. The two threaded rods are respectively inserted into threaded holes opened inside the L-shaped plate. The ends of the two threaded rods that are far apart from each other are respectively provided with a take-up wheel. The surface of the internal threaded cylinder is fixedly fitted with a take-up wheel, and the surface of the take-up wheel is wound with a mapping pull rope. Square sleeves are fixedly connected to both sides of the mapping camera. The two square sleeves are respectively inserted with inner sliding plates. The ends of the two inner sliding plates that are far apart from each other are slidably connected with a mapping pull rope. The bottom end of the mapping pull rope is fixedly connected with a counterweight ball. The surface of the surveying plate is provided with a fine-tuning component, which is used to fine-tune the height of the surveying camera. Tensioning components are provided on both sides of the surveying plate, which are used to restrict the position of the counterweight ball after data acquisition.

[0004] Preferably, the internally threaded cylinder is rotatably connected to a circular hole inside the surveying connecting plate via a bearing. A stepper motor is mounted on the front surface of the surveying connecting plate, and a second synchronous pulley is fixedly connected to the end of the output shaft of the stepper motor. A first synchronous pulley is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the internally threaded cylinder, and a synchronous belt is sleeved on the surfaces of the first and second synchronous pulleys. The second synchronous pulley is connected to the first synchronous pulley via the synchronous belt, and the synchronous belt is located in a rectangular groove inside the surveying connecting plate.

[0005] Preferably, a mounting block is fixedly connected to the top of the surveying camera. The mounting block is inserted into a mounting groove on the bottom surface of the surveying connecting plate. The top edge of the mounting block is inclined. The bottom end of the second surveying pull rope is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the mounting block. The second surveying pull rope is located in an inner sliding groove inside the surveying connecting plate. The end of the second surveying pull rope away from the mounting block is fixedly connected to the second take-up reel. The diameter of the second take-up reel is smaller than the diameter of the first take-up reel.

[0006] Preferably, the two threaded rods are symmetrically arranged inside the internal threaded cylinder, and the two L-shaped plates are symmetrically fixedly connected to both sides of the surveying connecting plate. The L-shaped plates and the threaded rods are threadedly connected. Two locking blocks are fixedly connected to the circumferential surfaces of the adjacent ends of the two threaded rods. The two locking blocks are respectively inserted into the locking grooves opened inside the internal threaded cylinder, and the locking blocks are slidably connected to the internal threaded cylinder.

[0007] Preferably, the first surveying pull rope is wound around the surface of the first take-up reel, and one end of the first surveying pull rope is fixedly connected to the first take-up reel. Slide cylinders are fixedly connected to the through holes opened at the far ends of the two inner slide plates. The first surveying pull rope is inserted into the inside of the slide cylinder and is slidably connected to the slide cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, the upper surfaces of the two inner sliding plates are respectively fixedly connected with upper locking blocks, the upper locking blocks are inserted into the upper locking slots opened on the upper surface of the square sleeves, the upper locking blocks and the square sleeves are slidably connected, and the two square sleeves are symmetrically arranged.

[0009] Preferably, the fine-tuning component includes a dual-axis motor, a second threaded rod, a connecting rod, and a first rectangular frame. The dual-axis motor is mounted on the front surface of the surveying connecting plate. The two output shafts of the dual-axis motor are respectively fixedly connected to the second threaded rod. The two second threaded rods are rotatably connected to the surveying connecting plate via bearing seats. A first rectangular frame and a second rectangular frame are arranged within an inner sliding groove inside the surveying connecting plate. Both the first and second rectangular frames are slidably connected to the surveying connecting plate. Connecting rods are fixedly connected to the surfaces of the first and second rectangular frames. The two connecting rods are symmetrically arranged and inserted into an outer extension groove inside the surveying connecting plate. The connecting rods are respectively provided with threaded holes inside, and the two connecting rods are respectively sleeved on the surface of the threaded rod two at corresponding positions through the threaded holes. The threaded rod two and the connecting rods are threadedly connected. An upper pulley and a lower pulley are installed in the inner sliding groove opened inside the surveying connecting plate. The lower pulley is located directly below the upper pulley, and the upper pulley is located directly below the take-up pulley two. Two left pulleys are installed inside the first rectangular frame, and a right pulley is installed inside the second rectangular frame. The surveying pull rope two passes around the outer periphery of the upper pulley, the outer periphery of the upper left pulley inside the first rectangular frame, the outer periphery of the right pulley inside the second rectangular frame, the outer periphery of the lower left pulley inside the first rectangular frame, and the outer periphery of the lower pulley in sequence.

[0010] Preferably, the tensioning assembly includes a threaded rod three, a stop plate one, a hemisphere, a spring one, a stop plate two, a locking block two, a locking block three, and a bolt. The ends of the two threaded rods one that are far apart from each other are respectively fixedly connected to threaded rod three. The diameter of threaded rod three is smaller than the diameter of threaded rod one. The two take-up reels one is respectively sleeved on the surface of threaded rod three. The ends of take-up reels one and threaded rod one are in contact, and take-up reels one and threaded rod three are rotatably connected. The surfaces of the two stop plates one are respectively sleeved with stop plate one and stop plate two. Stop plate one is located between stop plate two and take-up reel one. A spring one is fixedly connected between stop plate two and stop plate one. A bolt is threadedly connected to the surface of threaded rod three. The bolt is in contact with the side of stop plate two away from stop plate one. A plurality of hemispheres arranged in a circular array are fixedly connected to the side of stop plate one near take-up reel one. A plurality of arc-shaped grooves arranged in a circular array are formed on the side of take-up reel one near stop plate one, and the hemispheres are inserted into the interior of the arc-shaped grooves.

[0011] Preferably, the baffle plate one has two locking blocks two fixedly connected inside, the baffle plate two has two locking blocks three fixedly connected inside, the threaded rod three has two slots two formed on its circumferential surface, the locking blocks three and two locking blocks two are respectively inserted into the slots two, and the locking blocks three and two locking blocks two are slidably connected to the threaded rod three.

[0012] Preferably, the two sides of the surveying connecting plate are fixedly connected to symmetrically arranged U-shaped frames, the surveying pull rope is located inside the U-shaped frame, a slide rod is slidably connected in a slide groove opened inside the U-shaped frame, a top block is fixedly connected to the top of the slide rod, a spring is fixedly connected between the top block and the U-shaped frame, a plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide rod, and the counterweight ball is in contact with an abutment groove opened on the bottom surface of the plate.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are: for narrow terrain such as mountain crevices, the surveying component drives the synchronous wheel 2, synchronous belt and synchronous wheel 1 through a stepper motor to drive the internal threaded cylinder to rotate, so that the threaded rod 1 moves outward and releases the pull rope 1 and pull rope 2 simultaneously, allowing the camera to detach from the mounting plate under the drone body and go deep into the crevice to collect data, thus solving the problem that traditional devices cannot go deep into narrow areas for surveying. During the data acquisition phase, the weight of the counterweight ball keeps the first pull rope vertical. Combined with the sliding limit of the square sleeve and the inner slide plate, the lateral deviation of the camera can be restricted. The fine-tuning component drives the threaded rod two through the dual-axis motor, which drives the connecting rod and the first and second rectangular frames to slide. Combined with the upper pulley, left pulley and other pulley groups to fine-tune the length of the second pull rope, the camera height can be precisely adjusted, reducing the interference of wind and flight attitude changes on the measurement and ensuring the accuracy of the survey data. After data acquisition, the tensioning component automatically compensates for the uneven winding error of the pull rope when the counterweight ball rises through the plate, slide bar and spring 2. It also engages with the arc-shaped groove of the guide plate 1 and the take-up wheel 1 to achieve stable positioning of the counterweight ball. At the same time, the dual-axis motor pulls the pull rope 2 to accurately insert the camera mounting block into the mounting slot of the mounting plate and reset it, avoiding equipment shaking and collision during the flight of the UAV and ensuring the safety of the surveying equipment during transportation and reuse. In its stowed state, the two counterweight balls are fixed to the bottom of the drone body via a flat plate, which can balance the weight distribution of the mounting plate and camera, reducing the attitude deviation of the drone during flight. This stable counterweight structure allows the drone to maintain a stable flight trajectory in the surveying area, improving the overall surveying efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the take-up reel and the surveying connecting plate in this invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Sectional view at point AA; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal threaded cylinder and synchronous pulley in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of spring two and the U-shaped frame in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the take-up reel and the internally threaded cylinder in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod and the first rectangular frame in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the inner slide rod and slide cylinder in this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the threaded rod and the take-up reel in this invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of spring one and baffle two in this invention.

[0015] In the picture: 1. UAV body; 2. Surveying connecting plate; 3. Surveying camera; 4. Surveying components; 41. Internal threaded cylinder; 42. Rectangular groove; 43. L-shaped plate; 44. Threaded rod one; 45. Take-up reel one; 46. Locking block one; 47. Locking slot one; 48. Counterweight ball; 49. Surveying pull rope one; 410. Sliding cylinder; 411. Square sleeve; 412. Inner sliding plate; 413. Upper locking slot; 414. Upper locking block; 415. Take-up reel two; 416. Surveying pull rope two; 417. Inner sliding groove; 418. Mounting slot; 419. Mounting block; 420. Synchronous pulley one; 421. Synchronous pulley two; 422. Stepper motor; 423. 5. Synchronous belt; 6. Fine-tuning assembly; 7. Dual-axis motor; 8. Threaded rod II; 9. Connecting rod; 10. First rectangular frame; 11. Second rectangular frame; 12. Upper pulley; 13. Lower pulley; 14. Left pulley; 15. Right pulley; 16. Outer groove; 17. Tensioning assembly; 18. Threaded rod III; 19. First stop plate; 20. Arc-shaped groove; 10. Hemisphere; 11. Spring I; 12. Second stop plate; 13. Second stop plate; 14. Third stop plate; 15. Bolt; 16. Flat plate; 17. Abutment groove; 18. Top block; 19. Slide rod; 10. U-shaped frame; 11. Spring II; 12. Slot II. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: like Figures 1 to 12As shown, this embodiment provides a UAV mapping data acquisition device, including a UAV body 1, a mapping connecting plate 2 mounted on the bottom surface of the UAV body 1, and a mapping camera 3 mounted on the bottom surface of the mapping connecting plate 2. A mapping component 4 is provided inside the mapping connecting plate 2. The mapping component 4 is used to stably raise and lower the mapping camera 3. The mapping component 4 includes an internally threaded cylinder 41 rotatably connected inside the mapping connecting plate 2 and two threaded rods 44 slidably connected inside the internally threaded cylinder 41. The two threaded rods 44 are respectively inserted into threaded holes opened inside an L-shaped plate 43. A take-up reel 45 is respectively provided at the ends of the two threaded rods 44 that are far apart from each other. A take-up reel 415 is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the internally threaded cylinder 41, and the surface of the take-up reel 415 is wound with... A second surveying rope 416 is provided. Square sleeves 411 are fixedly connected to both sides of the surveying camera 3. Inner sliding plates 412 are inserted into the interior of each of the two square sleeves 411. Surveying rope 49 is slidably connected to the ends of the two inner sliding plates 412 that are far apart from each other. A counterweight ball 48 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first surveying rope 49. An internally threaded cylinder 41 is rotatably connected to a circular hole inside the surveying connecting plate 2 via a bearing 1. A stepper motor 422 is mounted on the front surface of the surveying connecting plate 2. A synchronous pulley 421 is fixedly connected to the end of the output shaft of the stepper motor 422. A synchronous pulley 420 is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the internally threaded cylinder 41. A synchronous belt 423 is sleeved on the surfaces of the synchronous pulley 420 and the synchronous pulley 421. The synchronous pulley 421 is connected to the synchronous belt 421. The surveying camera 3 is connected to the synchronous pulley 420. The synchronous belt 423 is located in the rectangular groove 42 inside the surveying connecting plate 2. The top of the surveying camera 3 is fixedly connected to the mounting block 419, which is inserted into the mounting groove 418 on the bottom surface of the surveying connecting plate 2. The top edge of the mounting block 419 is inclined. The bottom end of the surveying pull rope 416 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the mounting block 419. The surveying pull rope 416 is located in the inner sliding groove 417 inside the surveying connecting plate 2. The end of the surveying pull rope 416 away from the mounting block 419 is fixedly connected to the take-up reel 415. The diameter of the take-up reel 415 is smaller than that of the take-up reel 45. Two threaded rods 44 are symmetrically arranged inside the inner threaded cylinder 41. Two L-shaped plates 43 are symmetrically fixed. Connecting the two sides of the surveying connecting plate 2, L-shaped plate 43 and threaded rod 44 are threadedly connected. Two locking blocks 46 are fixedly connected to the circumferential surfaces of adjacent ends of the two threaded rods 44. The two locking blocks 46 are inserted into slots 47 inside the internal threaded cylinder 41, and are slidably connected to the internal threaded cylinder 41. A surveying pull rope 49 is wound around the surface of a take-up reel 45, and one end of the surveying pull rope 49 is fixedly connected to the take-up reel 45. Slide cylinders 410 are fixedly connected to the through holes at the far ends of the two inner sliding plates 412, and the surveying pull rope 49 is inserted inside the slide cylinders 410, slidably connected to the slide cylinders 410. Upper locking blocks 414 are fixedly connected to the upper surfaces of the two inner sliding plates 412.The upper locking block 414 is inserted into the upper locking groove 413 opened on the upper surface of the square sleeve 411. The upper locking block 414 and the square sleeve 411 are slidably connected, and the two square sleeves 411 are symmetrically arranged.

[0017] The surface of the surveying connecting plate 2 is provided with a fine-tuning component 5, which is used to fine-tune the height of the surveying camera 3. The fine-tuning component 5 includes a dual-axis motor 51, a threaded rod 52, a connecting rod 53, and a first rectangular frame 54. The dual-axis motor 51 is mounted on the front surface of the surveying connecting plate 2. The two output shafts of the dual-axis motor 51 are respectively fixedly connected to the threaded rods 52. The two threaded rods 52 are rotatably connected to the surveying connecting plate 2 through bearing seats. The first rectangular frame 54 and the second rectangular frame 55 are provided in the inner sliding groove 417 opened inside the surveying connecting plate 2. The first rectangular frame 54 and the second rectangular frame 55 are both slidably connected to the surveying connecting plate 2. The surfaces of the first rectangular frame 54 and the second rectangular frame 55 are respectively fixedly connected to the connecting rods 53. The two connecting rods 53 are symmetrically arranged and are inserted into the inside of the surveying connecting plate 2. Within the extended groove 510, threaded holes are respectively provided inside the two connecting rods 53, and the two connecting rods 53 are respectively fitted onto the surface of the threaded rod 52 at the corresponding position through the threaded holes. The threaded rod 52 and the connecting rod 53 are threadedly connected. An upper pulley 56 and a lower pulley 57 are installed in the inner sliding groove 417 inside the surveying connecting plate 2. The lower pulley 57 is located directly below the upper pulley 56, and the upper pulley 56 is located directly below the take-up wheel 415. Two left pulleys 58 are installed inside the first rectangular frame 54, and a right pulley 59 is installed inside the second rectangular frame 55. The surveying pull rope 416 passes around the outer periphery of the upper pulley 56, the outer periphery of the upper left pulley 58 inside the first rectangular frame 54, the outer periphery of the right pulley 59 inside the second rectangular frame 55, the outer periphery of the lower left pulley 58 inside the first rectangular frame 54, and the outer periphery of the lower pulley 57 in sequence.

[0018] Tensioning components 6 are installed on both sides of the surveying connecting plate 2. These components restrict the position of the counterweight ball 48 after data acquisition. The tensioning components 6 include a threaded rod 61, a first baffle 62, a hemisphere 64, a first spring 65, a second baffle 66, a second locking block 67, a third locking block 68, and a bolt 69. The ends of the two threaded rods 44 that are far apart from each other are respectively fixedly connected to the threaded rod 61. The diameter of the threaded rod 61 is smaller than the diameter of the threaded rod 44. Two take-up reels 45 are respectively fitted onto the surface of the threaded rod 61. The ends of the reel 45 and the threaded rod 44 are fitted together. The take-up reel 45 and the threaded rod 61 are rotatably connected. Two baffles 62 are respectively fitted with baffle 62 and baffle 66. Baffle 62 is located between baffle 66 and the take-up reel 45. A spring 65 is fixedly connected between baffle 66 and baffle 62. A bolt 69 is threaded onto the surface of the threaded rod 61. The bolt 69 fits against the side of baffle 66 away from baffle 62. The side of baffle 62 closest to the take-up reel 45 is fixedly connected to… The reel 45 has multiple hemispheres 64 arranged in a ring. On the side of the reel 45 near the stop plate 62, multiple arc-shaped grooves 63 are arranged in a ring. The hemispheres 64 are inserted into the arc-shaped grooves 63. Two locking blocks 67 are fixedly connected inside the stop plate 62. Two locking blocks 68 are fixedly connected inside the stop plate 66. Two slots 616 are formed on the circumferential surface of the threaded rod 61. Locking blocks 68 and 67 are respectively inserted into the slots 616. Both locking blocks 68 and 67... The threaded rod 61 is slidably connected. The two sides of the surveying connecting plate 2 are fixedly connected to symmetrically arranged U-shaped frames 614. The surveying pull rope 49 is located inside the U-shaped frame 614. The slide rod 613 is slidably connected in the slide groove opened inside the U-shaped frame 614. The top of the slide rod 613 is fixedly connected to the top block 612. The top block 612 and the U-shaped frame 614 are fixedly connected to the spring 615. The bottom of the slide rod 613 is fixedly connected to the plate 610. The counterweight ball 48 fits into the abutment groove 611 opened on the bottom surface of the plate 610.

[0019] Working principle: When the UAV mapping data acquisition device is collecting data on the mountain crevice, the stepper motor 422 and the dual-axis motor 51 are both connected to the power supply of the UAV body 1. After the UAV body 1 flies to the target area, it identifies the terrain type (such as identifying the "crevice" feature) through the visual sensor of the UAV body 1, automatically calls the optimal altitude parameters in the database, and starts the stepper motor 422 through the external controller. The operation of the stepper motor 422 drives the second synchronous pulley 421 to rotate. The rotation of the second synchronous pulley 421 drives the first synchronous pulley 420 to rotate through the synchronous belt 423. The rotation of the first synchronous pulley 420 drives the internal threaded cylinder 41 to rotate synchronously. When the internal threaded cylinder 41 rotates, it drives the two threaded rods 44 inside it to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the threaded rod 44 causes the take-up reel 415 to rotate, which in turn causes the take-up reel 45 to rotate synchronously. This causes the surveying pull rope 49, which is wound around the surface of the take-up reel 45, to rotate and be released. Under the weight of the counterweight ball 48, the surveying pull rope 49 is kept taut. The rotation of the take-up reel 415 causes the surveying pull rope 416 to rotate and be released. Under the weight of the surveying camera 3, the surveying camera 3 moves downward. During the downward movement of the surveying camera 3, the two square sleeves 411 move downward synchronously. As the threaded rod 44 rotates, it slides inside the inner threaded cylinder 41 during the rotation due to the threaded connection with the L-shaped plate 43. At this time, the two threaded rods 44... Moving in a direction away from each other, the movement of the threaded rod 44 causes the two take-up reels 45 to move in a direction away from each other, thus causing the distance between the two surveying ropes 49 to continuously increase when they are released from the surface of the take-up reels 45. Since the surveying ropes 49 are inserted inside the slide cylinder 410, the lateral movement of the surveying ropes 49 causes the inner slide plate 412 to slide inside the square sleeve 411 through the slide cylinder 410. As the surveying camera 3 continues to extend into the crevice of the mountain, the distance that the inner slide plate 412 extends from inside the square sleeve 411 continues to increase until the counterweight ball 48 descends to a suitable height in the crevice and stops the stepper motor 422. At this time, when the UAV body 1 is in a horizontal state, Under the influence of gravity, the counterweight ball 48 keeps the surveying rope 49 in a vertical or nearly vertical position. The square sleeve 411 and the inner sliding plate 412 limit the position of the surveying camera 3, preventing the surveying camera 3 from shifting and causing poor surveying accuracy during data acquisition. Furthermore, the increased spacing between the two surveying ropes 49 during the downward movement of the surveying camera 3 further limits its position, reducing the shift caused by wind and ensuring the effectiveness of data acquisition. This solves the problem of traditional UAV surveying data acquisition devices being unable to collect data in narrow terrains such as mountain crevices. Because the diameter of the second take-up reel 415 is smaller than that of the first take-up reel 45, when the counterweight ball 48 descends to the appropriate position, the distance between the counterweight ball 48 and the surveying connecting plate 2 is greater than the distance between the surveying camera 3 and the surveying connecting plate 2. When it is necessary to adjust the height of the surveying camera 3 during data acquisition, the dual-axis motor 51 is activated via an external controller. The operation of the dual-axis motor 51 drives the two threaded rods 52 to rotate synchronously. The dual-axis motor 51 can drive the two threaded rods 52 to rotate forward and backward. The rotation of the threaded rods 52, under the action of the threads, causes the two connecting rods 53 to move towards or away from each other. The movement of the two connecting rods 53 causes the first rectangular frame 54 and the second rectangular frame 55 to slide inside the surveying connecting plate 2. Due to the upper pulley 56, lower pulley 57, left pulley 58, and right pulley 59... The outer wheels can rotate on the surface of the axle pin inside, thereby reducing the frictional resistance during the conveying process of the second surveying rope 416. When the distance between the first rectangular frame 54 and the second rectangular frame 55 is shortened, the second surveying rope 416 in the inner slide 417 flows out from the inside of the inner slide 417, thereby reducing the height of the surveying camera 3. When the distance between the first rectangular frame 54 and the second rectangular frame 55 is increased, the second surveying rope 416 is pulled to slide into the inside of the inner slide 417, thereby raising the height of the surveying camera 3, thereby achieving the effect of fine adjustment of the height of the surveying camera 3. At this time, during the raising and lowering process of the surveying camera 3, the distance between the two first surveying ropes 49 is fixed, and the slide cylinder 410 slides on the surface of the first surveying rope 49, so that the surveying camera 3 can be raised and lowered smoothly, thereby ensuring the effect of data acquisition through the surveying camera 3. When the device finishes collecting data on the gaps at the mountain top, the stepper motor 422 is started by the external controller. The stepper motor 422 drives the synchronous pulley 421 to rotate in the opposite direction, which in turn drives the internal threaded cylinder 41 to rotate in the opposite direction. Under the action of the two L-shaped plates 43, the two threaded rods 44 move towards each other. As the threaded rods 44 rotate, the surveying rope 49 winds around the take-up reel 45, causing the counterweight ball 48 to move towards the surveying connecting plate 2. As the internal threaded cylinder 41 drives the take-up reel 415 to rotate, the surveying rope 416 winds around the take-up reel 415, causing the surveying camera 3 to move towards the surveying connecting plate 2. As the surveying rope 49 winds around the take-up reel 45, uneven winding occurs. This results in one counterweight ball 48 contacting the inside of the plate 610 while the other counterweight ball 48 does not contact the corresponding position of the plate 610. As the stepper motor 422 drives the internal threaded cylinder 41 to rotate continuously in the opposite direction, the counterweight ball 48 in contact with the plate 610 exerts an upward force on the plate 610, causing the plate 610 to receive the working force. When force is applied, the top block 612 is pulled upwards via the slide rod 613, which in turn pulls the second spring 615, causing the second spring 615 to be stretched. This stretching of the second spring 615 increases the resistance to the rotation of the first take-up reel 45. After the plate 610 moves a suitable distance, stretching the second spring 615 a suitable distance, and the resistance to the rotation of the first take-up reel 45 increases to a suitable level, the internal threaded cylinder 41 drives the threaded rod 44 to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the threaded rod 44 drives the baffle plate. 62, 66, and 69 rotate synchronously. When the resistance of the winding reel 45 increases to a suitable level, the hemisphere 64 can slide out of the arc-shaped groove 63 and slide into the adjacent arc-shaped groove 63 as the baffle 62 rotates. This continues until the hemisphere 64 slides into the corresponding arc-shaped groove 63 until the other counterweight ball 48 is in contact with the bottom surface of the plate 610 at the corresponding position. At this time, the plate 610 is squeezed. The stepper motor 422 stops running. The counterweight ball 48 is squeezed by the two plates 610 respectively. With the elastic potential energy of the spring 615, the position of the counterweight ball 48 can be restricted, so that the counterweight ball 48 is tightly attached to the abutment groove 611 opened on the bottom surface of the plate 610. This avoids the problem of the counterweight ball 48 shaking and causing damage to the data acquisition device when the UAV body 1 is flying. The two counterweight balls 48 are fixed to the bottom of the UAV body 1, which can also ensure the stability of the UAV body 1 during flight. As the counterweight ball 48 moves upward, the take-up reel 415 winds the surveying pull rope 416, causing the surveying camera 3 to move upward synchronously. The square sleeve 411 and the inner slide plate 412 can pass through the abutment groove 611 opened at the bottom of the plate 610. After the position of the counterweight ball 48 is fixed, the surveying camera 3 moves to the bottom near the surveying connecting plate 2, and under the action of the elastic potential energy of the spring 615, it squeezes the counterweight ball 48 through the plate 610, so that the surveying pull rope 49 between the counterweight ball 48 and the take-up reel 45 is in a state of tension. In a taut state, the two surveying pull ropes 49 approach the parallel slide bar 613. At this time, the dual-axis motor 51 is activated to increase the distance between the two connecting rods 53. Then, the surveying pull rope 416 pulls the mounting block 419 upward. Under the guidance of the two surveying pull ropes 49, the top edge of the mounting block 419 is tilted, which can accurately insert the mounting block 419 into the mounting groove 418, thereby completing the reset process of the surveying camera 3. At this time, the UAV body 1 can return to the initial position. The counterweight ball 48 has a built-in GPS positioning module for collecting the mapping coordinates of the mapping camera 3. The mapping camera 3 is equipped with a dual-axis tilt sensor and a micro-displacement calibration motor for calibrating the tilt error of the mapping surface.

[0020] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention, as well as its advantages. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from its spirit and scope. All such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A UAV mapping data acquisition device, comprising a UAV body (1), a mapping connection plate (2) installed on the bottom surface of the UAV body (1), and a mapping camera (3) installed on the bottom surface of the mapping connection plate (2). Its features are: The surveying connecting plate (2) is equipped with a surveying component (4), which is used to stabilize and raise the surveying camera (3). The surveying component (4) includes an internal threaded cylinder (41) rotatably connected inside the surveying connecting plate (2) and two threaded rods (44) slidably connected inside the internal threaded cylinder (41). The two threaded rods (44) are respectively inserted into threaded holes opened inside the L-shaped plate (43). The ends of the two threaded rods (44) that are far apart from each other are respectively provided with a take-up wheel (45). The inner threaded cylinder (41) is fixedly fitted with a take-up reel (415), and a surveying pull rope (416) is wound around the surface of the take-up reel (415). Square sleeves (411) are fixedly connected to both sides of the surveying camera (3). Inner slide plates (412) are inserted into the interior of the two square sleeves (411). Surveying pull rope (49) is slidably connected to the ends of the two inner slide plates (412) that are far apart from each other. A counterweight ball (48) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the surveying pull rope (49). The surface of the surveying connecting plate (2) is provided with a fine-tuning component (5), which is used to fine-tune the height of the surveying camera (3). Tensioning components (6) are provided on both sides of the surveying connecting plate (2), and the tensioning components (6) are used to restrict the position of the counterweight ball (48) after data acquisition.

2. The UAV mapping data acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal threaded cylinder (41) is rotatably connected to the circular hole opened inside the surveying connecting plate (2) through a bearing. A stepper motor (422) is installed on the front surface of the surveying connecting plate (2). A synchronous pulley (421) is fixedly connected to the end of the output shaft of the stepper motor (422). A synchronous pulley (420) is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the internal threaded cylinder (41). A synchronous belt (423) is sleeved on the surface of the synchronous pulley (420) and the synchronous pulley (421). The synchronous pulley (421) is connected to the synchronous pulley (420) through the synchronous belt (423). The synchronous belt (423) is located in the rectangular groove (42) opened inside the surveying connecting plate (2).

3. The UAV mapping data acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the surveying camera (3) is fixedly connected to a mounting block (419). The mounting block (419) is inserted into the mounting groove (418) opened on the bottom surface of the surveying connecting plate (2). The top edge of the mounting block (419) is inclined. The bottom end of the second surveying pull rope (416) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the mounting block (419). The second surveying pull rope (416) is located in the inner sliding groove (417) opened inside the surveying connecting plate (2). The end of the second surveying pull rope (416) away from the mounting block (419) is fixedly connected to the second take-up reel (415). The diameter of the second take-up reel (415) is smaller than the diameter of the first take-up reel (45).

4. The UAV mapping data acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two threaded rods (44) are symmetrically arranged inside the inner threaded cylinder (41). Two L-shaped plates (43) are symmetrically fixedly connected to both sides of the surveying connecting plate (2). The L-shaped plates (43) and the threaded rods (44) are threadedly connected. Two locking blocks (46) are fixedly connected to the circumferential surfaces of the adjacent ends of the two threaded rods (44). The two locking blocks (46) are respectively inserted into the locking grooves (47) opened inside the inner threaded cylinder (41). The locking blocks (46) and the inner threaded cylinder (41) are slidably connected.

5. The UAV mapping data acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first surveying pull rope (49) is wound around the surface of the first take-up reel (45), and one end of the first surveying pull rope (49) is fixedly connected to the first take-up reel (45). The two inner slide plates (412) are respectively fixedly connected to the through holes at their opposite ends. The first surveying pull rope (49) is inserted into the inside of the slide cylinder (410), and the first surveying pull rope (49) is slidably connected to the slide cylinder (410).

6. The UAV mapping data acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surfaces of the two inner slide plates (412) are respectively fixedly connected with upper locking blocks (414). The upper locking blocks (414) are inserted into the upper locking grooves (413) opened on the upper surface of the square sleeve (411). The upper locking blocks (414) and the square sleeve (411) are slidably connected. The two square sleeves (411) are arranged symmetrically.

7. The UAV mapping data acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fine-tuning component (5) includes a dual-axis motor (51), a threaded rod (52), a connecting rod (53), and a first rectangular frame (54). The dual-axis motor (51) is mounted on the front surface of the surveying connecting plate (2). The two output shafts of the dual-axis motor (51) are respectively fixedly connected to the threaded rods (52). The two threaded rods (52) are rotatably connected to the surveying connecting plate (2) through bearing seats. The first rectangular frame (54) and the second rectangular frame (55) are provided in the inner sliding groove (417) opened inside the surveying connecting plate (2). The first rectangular frame (54) and the second rectangular frame (55) are slidably connected to the surveying connecting plate (2). The surfaces of the first rectangular frame (54) and the second rectangular frame (55) are respectively fixedly connected to the connecting rods (53). The two connecting rods (53) are symmetrically arranged, and both connecting rods (53) are inserted into the outer extension groove (510) opened inside the surveying connecting plate (2). The two connecting rods (53) are respectively fitted onto the surface of the threaded rod two (52) at corresponding positions through the threaded holes. The threaded rod two (52) and the connecting rod (53) are threaded together. The inner sliding groove (417) inside the surveying connecting plate (2) is equipped with an upper pulley (56) and a lower pulley (57). The lower pulley (57) is located directly below the upper pulley (56), and the upper pulley (56) is located directly below the take-up reel two (415). In this case, two left pulleys (58) are installed inside the first rectangular frame (54), and a right pulley (59) is installed inside the second rectangular frame (55). The second surveying rope (416) passes around the outer periphery of the upper pulley (56), the outer periphery of the upper left pulley (58) inside the first rectangular frame (54), the outer periphery of the right pulley (59) inside the second rectangular frame (55), the outer periphery of the lower left pulley (58) inside the first rectangular frame (54), and the outer periphery of the lower pulley (57) in sequence.

8. The UAV mapping data acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tensioning assembly (6) includes a threaded rod three (61), a first baffle (62), a hemisphere (64), a first spring (65), a second baffle (66), a second locking block (67), a third locking block (68), and a bolt (69). The ends of the two threaded rods one (44) that are far apart from each other are respectively fixedly connected to the threaded rod three (61). The diameter of the threaded rod three (61) is smaller than the diameter of the threaded rod one (44). The two take-up reels one (45) are respectively sleeved on the surface of the threaded rod three (61). The ends of the take-up reels one (45) and the threaded rod one (44) are in contact. The take-up reels one (45) and the threaded rod three (61) are rotatably connected. The surfaces of the two first baffles one (62) are respectively sleeved with the first baffle one. (62) and baffle two (66), baffle one (62) is located between baffle two (66) and take-up reel one (45), baffle two (66) and baffle one (62) are fixedly connected with spring one (65), the surface of the threaded rod three (61) is threaded with bolt (69), the bolt (69) fits the side of baffle two (66) away from baffle one (62), baffle one (62) is fixedly connected with a plurality of hemispheres (64) in a ring array on the side of take-up reel one (45), take-up reel one (45) is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped grooves (63) in a ring array on the side of baffle one (62), and the hemispheres (64) are inserted into the inside of the arc-shaped grooves (63).

9. The UAV mapping data acquisition device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The baffle 1 (62) has two fixedly connected second-type locking blocks (67) inside, and the baffle 2 (66) has two fixedly connected third-type locking blocks (68) inside. The circumferential surface of the threaded rod 3 (61) has two second-type locking slots (616). The third-type locking blocks (68) and the second-type locking blocks (67) are respectively inserted into the second-type locking slots (616). The third-type locking blocks (68) and the second-type locking blocks (67) are slidably connected to the threaded rod 3 (61).

10. The UAV mapping data acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two sides of the surveying connecting plate (2) are fixedly connected to symmetrically arranged U-shaped frames (614). The first surveying pull rope (49) is located inside the U-shaped frame (614). A sliding rod (613) is slidably connected in a sliding groove opened inside the U-shaped frame (614). A top block (612) is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding rod (613). A second spring (615) is fixedly connected between the top block (612) and the U-shaped frame (614). A flat plate (610) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding rod (613). The counterweight ball (48) fits into the abutment groove (611) opened on the bottom surface of the flat plate (610).

Images