Elevator group control energy-saving dispatching method

Abstract

The invention discloses an elevator group control energy-saving scheduling method. The method comprises the following steps: calibrating a comprehensive energy efficiency coefficient eta, single-stop average energy consumption and single-stop average time consumption of each elevator through an off-line experiment; in a real-time scheduling stage, for each request and each candidate elevator in a batch, simulating and inserting the request into a current task queue of the elevator, and dynamically calculating effective operation floor increment, dwell time increment, dwell increment energy consumption, increment physical distance and increment operation energy consumption caused by insertion; and calculating energy consumption and response time scores for responding to elevator calling increase, performing normalization processing on the scores according to different conditions, and fusing the scores into a comprehensive scheduling score according to a preset weight. The scheduling cost is accurately quantified through a physical model, a batch processing mechanism is introduced to achieve global optimization, the total energy consumption of the system is remarkably reduced while the elevator waiting experience of passengers is guaranteed, and the method is suitable for an intelligent elevator group control system in a medium-high flow scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of elevator control, and in particular to an energy-saving scheduling method for elevator group control. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of urbanization, the number of high-rise buildings is constantly increasing, and elevators have become an indispensable part of people's lives. Excellent elevator group control technology can realize the rational scheduling of multiple elevators, greatly shorten waiting time and reduce energy consumption, making people's lives more convenient.

[0003] Current elevator group control algorithms are generally simple open-loop design algorithms, which cannot adjust to the elevator's own state or the diverse differences between elevators. On the other hand, some complex intelligent control algorithms often require a lot of computing power, which not only makes it difficult to achieve real-time response, but also lacks consideration for energy consumption, which is not conducive to the cost management of property management. Therefore, an energy-saving scheduling method is needed to save energy consumption during elevator scheduling at different times, while also taking into account the problem of short elevator response time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide an elevator group control energy-saving scheduling method.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] This invention provides an energy-saving scheduling method for elevator group control, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Record the elevator's factory-rated parameters and set constant values;

[0008] S2: Install a high-precision energy meter and measure the average dwell time of a single door opening and closing cycle. ;

[0009] S3: Obtain the comprehensive energy efficiency coefficient η and the average energy consumption per single stop of the elevator based on the rated parameters in step S1. ;

[0010] S4: Obtain the station's incremental energy consumption based on the output parameters of step S3. And obtain the incremental number of running floors Increase in the number of stops ;

[0011] S5: Calculate the incremental physical distance of the elevator operation using the parameter values ​​output from steps S1, S2, S3, and S4. Incremental operating energy consumption Estimate average load Calculate the energy consumption increase in response to elevator calls. and response time score ;

[0012] S6: Based on the constant value set in S1, determine whether to perform single request processing or batch request processing, and then select the elevator to respond to based on the calculated value in S5.

[0013] Furthermore, the rated parameters mentioned in step S1 include the elevator's rated speed. Unit: m / s, elevator weight Unit: kg; counterweight balance coefficient elevator rated load The unit is kg; the constant values ​​set include the maximum batch processing wait time BW and the request buffer queue. Floor height , unit m.

[0014] Furthermore, the average dwell time per door opening / closing cycle in step S2... When the elevator is unloaded and at its rated speed Floor height In the settings, the door opening start time will be recorded in the elevator control log later. and closing time The result is obtained by averaging the results after repeating the process multiple times.

[0015] Furthermore, the comprehensive energy efficiency coefficient η and the average energy consumption per single stop in step S3... The formula is obtained by utilizing the linear relationship between total elevator energy consumption and elevator travel distance, i.e., using a univariate linear regression function, as follows:

[0016] ,Right now ,

[0017] in Total energy consumption For energy consumption during operation, a = The slope, i.e., the overall energy efficiency coefficient, , where is the intercept, i.e., the average energy consumption per single stop. It can be obtained through the following formula:

[0018] = ,

[0019] in and Here, g represents the rated parameter in step S1, and g is the fixed parameter, gravitational acceleration. The actual physical height at which the elevator operates is determined by recording the target floor Y and the effective operating floor D for each test. The effective operating floor is obtained as follows:

[0020] D = Y-1,

[0021] Total energy consumption By reading the elevator stop electricity data from the electricity meter Power supply at the elevator starting point According to the following formula:

[0022] = - .

[0023] Furthermore, before obtaining the parameters in step S4, it is first determined whether the elevator load is greater than 90% of the rated load. If it is less than 90%, the current floor is marked. Current elevator direction Current task queue New request floor The end point of the journey in the queue And use different strategies to acquire it.

[0024] Furthermore, the strategy includes five different elevator operation logics:

[0025] (1) When the elevator is idle or there are no tasks in the current task queue ,at this time , If there are no new requests for floors, ;

[0026] (2) When the elevator goes up New requests are sent upstream; the new request level is between the current level and the end of the queue. At this point, since the routes are in the same direction, the number of floors being operated does not increase. , Similarly, if the elevator is descending in the same direction and following the same path, the current logic applies.

[0027] (3) When the elevator goes up A new request is sent up, but the new request's level is higher than the end of the queue. At this point... , ;

[0028] (4) If the elevator goes up but a new request goes down, or if the elevator goes down but a new request goes up, then , ;

[0029] (5) If a new floor request is already in the task queue, no new stop is needed. ;

[0030] Furthermore, each time the elevator stops at a station, the current task queue... The middle one is less; the incremental energy consumption of the stop. The following formula is used:

[0031] .

[0032] Furthermore, the incremental physical distance mentioned in step S5 Run the floor increment in step S4 That is, use the following formula:

[0033] ,

[0034] in The constant value set in step S1; the incremental operating energy consumption The following formula is used:

[0035] ,

[0036] in For average load, This indicates that the motor needs to do additional work; the energy consumption increases in response to the elevator call. The following formula is used:

[0037] ,

[0038] The response score is calculated using the following formula:

[0039] ,

[0040] When the elevator experiences a load exceeding 90% of its rated capacity, the response score is: ,in This is the overload penalty coefficient; the greater the current load, the higher the coefficient.

[0041] Furthermore, in step S6, the constant values ​​used to determine whether to execute the batch processing request are the maximum batch processing wait time BW and the request buffer queue. When the predetermined timer time in the system exceeds the maximum waiting time for batch processing or the value in the request buffer queue exceeds the rated value, a batch processing request is made. The batch processing request includes the following operations: splitting multiple requests in the request buffer queue and putting them into the existing task queues of each elevator, repeatedly obtaining the parameters in steps S4 and S5, and performing normalization processing to obtain the final score selection response call.

[0042] Furthermore, normalization is... , ,in This represents the maximum energy consumption in a single run, i.e., the maximum energy consumed when running from the bottom layer to the top layer under full load conditions; Representing the maximum runtime, i.e., from the bottom layer to the top layer, the scoring formula is:

[0043] ,

[0044] in For comprehensive scoring weights and The response time weights are all fixed values.

[0045] Beneficial effects:

[0046] In the above steps, the total energy consumption of the elevator is obtained by acquiring the elevator's operating energy consumption and incremental energy consumption, and the elevator's response time score is obtained by calculating the time. Then, according to different actual environments, a batch processing mechanism is introduced. Through configurable weight parameters and normalization mechanism, not only is the total energy consumption of the elevator system reduced, but also the waiting time is reduced while prioritizing energy consumption, thus achieving a dynamic balance between energy saving and efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 Flowchart for implementing the present invention Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0049] This invention provides an energy-saving scheduling method for elevator group control, comprising the following steps:

[0050] S1: Record the elevator's factory-rated parameters and set constant values;

[0051] S2: Install a high-precision energy meter and measure the average dwell time of a single door opening and closing cycle. ;

[0052] S3: Obtain the comprehensive energy efficiency coefficient η and the average energy consumption per single stop of the elevator based on the rated parameters in step S1. ;

[0053] S4: Obtain the station's incremental energy consumption based on the output parameters of step S3. And obtain the incremental number of running floors Increase in the number of stops ;

[0054] S5: Calculate the incremental physical distance of the elevator operation using the parameter values ​​output from steps S1, S2, S3, and S4. Incremental operating energy consumption Estimate average load Calculate the energy consumption increase in response to elevator calls. and response time score ;

[0055] S6: Based on the constant value set in S1, determine whether to perform single request processing or batch request processing, and then select the elevator to respond to based on the calculated value in S5.

[0056] The specific implementation plan for each step is as follows:

[0057] First, use identical elevators and record the factory parameters of each elevator, including the rated speed. Unit: m / s, elevator weight Unit: kg; counterweight balance coefficient elevator rated load Unit: kg; floor height: [not specified] Unit: m; When the elevator is empty, starts, and a floor button is pressed, the door opening start time is recorded in the elevator controller log. Unit: seconds (s) | Door closing time The unit is seconds (s). The average time for a single stop can be obtained using the following formula. :

[0058] - = ,

[0059] Repeat 100 times and calculate the average time for a single stop using the following formula. :

[0060] ,

[0061] At this point, N is 100. Once the elevator returns to a stationary position on the first floor, connect the high-precision energy meter to the power input of each elevator, clear the accumulated energy counter, and start continuous data recording. Set the maximum wait time for batch requests in the elevator system to 1 second, and the maximum number of requests in the request buffer queue to 6. Simulate passenger boarding and alighting, and set fixed waiting times for the elevator based on different time periods and environmental locations. For example, peak elevator usage periods are 7:30-9:30 AM, 11:30-12:30 PM, and 5:00-6:30 PM. If the elevator is used in office buildings and residences, set the waiting time to 2 seconds; if used in shopping malls, set the waiting time to 3 seconds; and for other time periods, set the waiting time to 4 seconds. At this point, the elevator doors close, and the start time is marked. ,exist Record the initial electrical energy at all times Then, press the button for the target floor. The elevator will start accelerating and move to the target floor. It will then decelerate, level with the floor, and open the door. After the door opens, wait for a fixed time before the elevator door closes and the safety circuit is activated. At this point, the elevator has not yet started descending; it has only completed this upward stop. Record the energy consumption value at this time. At this point, the energy consumed during this trip is obtained through the power consumed at the stop and the power consumed at the start. :

[0062] = - ,

[0063] If the output is kWh, convert it to Joules (J). (kWh) 3.6 Return the elevator to the 1st floor, change the target floor, and repeat the above process multiple times. Record the target floor Y, the effective operating floor D, and the actual physical height of the elevator in each group. Total energy consumption each time Substitute all data points into a linear regression (least squares), assuming a linear relationship between total energy consumption and operating distance, and use a univariate linear regression function:

[0064] ,Right now ,

[0065] Where a=η is the slope, i.e., the comprehensive energy efficiency coefficient. , where is the intercept, i.e., the average energy consumption per single stop. = , Energy consumption during operation For a fixed value, the acceleration due to gravity, is used. Substituting the experimental values ​​mentioned above into a linear function, the slope and intercept, i.e., the overall energy efficiency coefficient, are calculated. and average energy consumption per stop .

[0066] The elevator will come to a smooth stop, outbound call requests will be paused, and the current floor will be marked. Current elevator direction The existing task queue There is a new outbound call request marked as floor number. Record the destination of the current elevator's task queue. Before each elevator response, the elevator first determines whether the current load is greater than 90% of the rated load. If it is, the elevator will not respond to the outbound call request; if it is less than the defined floor increment, the elevator will not respond. Increase in the number of stops and the incremental energy consumption of station stops And execute the following strategy:

[0067] (1) When the elevator is idle or there are no tasks in the current task queue ,at this time Stop If there are no new requests for floors, ;

[0068] (2) When the elevator goes up New requests are sent upstream; the new request level is between the current level and the end of the queue. At this point, since the routes are in the same direction, the number of floors being operated does not increase. , Similarly, if the elevator is descending in the same direction and following the same path, the current logic applies.

[0069] (3) When the elevator goes up A new request is sent up, but the new request's level is higher than the end of the queue. At this point... , ;

[0070] (4) If the elevator goes up but a new request goes down, or if the elevator goes down but a new request goes up, then , ;

[0071] (5) If a new floor request is already in the task queue, no new stop is needed. ;

[0072] Furthermore, with each stop, the number of tasks in the queue decreases by one, while the energy consumption increases due to the stop. It can be obtained through the following formula:

[0073] .

[0074] Calculate the incremental physical distance of elevator operation based on the above elevator operation strategy. Incremental operating energy consumption Estimate average load And the increased energy consumption in response to elevator calls Incremental physical distance The following calculation formula is used:

[0075] ,

[0076] Average load The calculation formula is as follows:

[0077] ,

[0078] in, This represents the average load factor, typically taken as 0.35, which corresponds to 35% full load; incremental operating energy consumption. The following calculation formula is used:

[0079] ,

[0080] in, This means the motor needs to do extra work. The energy consumption increases when responding to an elevator call. Obtained through the following formula:

[0081] ,

[0082] When there are multiple elevator calls Under the same conditions, the elevator to respond to a call needs to be selected based on the call response time; therefore, a response time score is introduced. The response time score is calculated using the following formula after a secondary sort:

[0083] ,

[0084] However, if the current load of the responding elevator exceeds 90% of its rated load, the call should not be responded to, and an overload penalty factor needs to be set. In the case of being overweight The larger the value, the better (set it to 10 or 100; otherwise, set it to 1) to minimize the selection of overloaded elevators. .

[0085] If it's just a single elevator call, you can directly follow the comparison steps outlined above. Choose the size of the call ladder. The smaller the value, the more likely the elevator call will be selected. If there are identical values... The values ​​are compared. , The smaller the value, the more likely the call will be selected; however, if multiple outbound call requests arrive simultaneously during peak periods, batch processing scheduling of requests is required based on the above solution. Therefore, the maximum waiting time BW for batch processing requests in the internal system is set to 1 second, and the request buffer queue is configured. The maximum number of requests in the request buffer queue is 6. When the system's internal timer determines that the number of requests in the request buffer queue is greater than 6 or the maximum waiting time exceeds 1 second, batch allocation is performed. The specific steps are as follows: all current outbound call requests are placed into the request buffer queue. In the process, when the number of requests in the request buffer queue equals 6, and the 7th request arrives, or the maximum waiting time exceeds 1 second, a snapshot of the current status of each elevator is read, including the current task floor, direction of travel, and existing task queues. This process repeats the steps described above for recording the current floor. Current elevator direction Existing task queue The requests in the request cache queue are then distributed to each elevator, and the corresponding incremental energy consumption and response time scores are calculated. This involves repeatedly retrieving requests from the aforementioned scheme. and Then, for each elevator, after each request... and Normalization processing is performed. , The weighting scheme is set so that energy consumption has a weight of EW=0.7 and response time has a weight of TW=0.3 in the overall score, resulting in a scoring formula for comparing performance:

[0086] ,

[0087] in This represents the maximum energy consumption in a single run, i.e., the maximum energy consumed when running from the bottom layer to the top layer under full load conditions. It can be obtained through experimental testing. This represents the maximum running time, from the bottom to the top. At this point, a greedy algorithm can be used to combine the score of each current request with the response score of the original elevator, find the one with the lowest final score, and then assign the request to the task queue of the corresponding elevator. One elevator can be assigned multiple requests. Then, the existing task queue of the elevator is updated, and the batch processing of the task requests is completed.

[0088] The technical means disclosed in this invention are not limited to those disclosed in the above embodiments, but also include technical solutions composed of any combination of the above technical features.

Claims

1. An energy-saving scheduling method for elevator group control, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Record the elevator's factory-rated parameters and set constant values; S2: Install a high-precision energy meter and measure the average dwell time of a single door opening and closing cycle. ; S3: Obtain the comprehensive energy efficiency coefficient η and the average energy consumption per single stop of the elevator based on the rated parameters in step S1. ; S4: Get the increment of running floors Increase in the number of stops And the average energy consumption per single stop output according to step S3 Obtain incremental energy consumption at the station ; S5: Calculate the incremental physical distance of the elevator operation using the parameter values ​​output from steps S1, S2, S3, and S4. Incremental operating energy consumption Estimate average load Calculate the energy consumption increase in response to elevator calls. and response time score ; S6: Based on the constant value set in S1, determine whether to perform single request processing or batch request processing, and then select the elevator to respond to based on the calculated value in S5.

2. The elevator group control energy-saving scheduling method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rated parameters mentioned in step S1 include the elevator's rated speed. Unit: m / s, elevator weight Unit: kg; counterweight balance coefficient elevator rated load The unit is kg; the constant values ​​set include the maximum batch processing wait time BW and the request buffer queue. Floor height , unit m.

3. The elevator group control energy-saving scheduling method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The average stopping time per door opening / closing cycle in step S2 When the elevator is unloaded and at its rated speed Floor height In the settings, the door opening start time will be recorded in the elevator control log later. and closing time The result is obtained by averaging the results after repeating the process multiple times.

4. The elevator group control energy-saving scheduling method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The comprehensive energy efficiency coefficient η and the average energy consumption per single stop in step S3 The formula is obtained by utilizing the linear relationship between total elevator energy consumption and elevator travel distance, i.e., using a univariate linear regression function, as follows: ,Right now , in Total energy consumption For energy consumption during operation, a = The slope, i.e., the overall energy efficiency coefficient, , where is the intercept, i.e., the average energy consumption per single stop. It can be obtained through the following formula: = ， in and Here, g represents the rated parameter in step S1, and g is the fixed parameter, gravitational acceleration. The actual physical height at which the elevator operates is determined by recording the target floor Y and the effective operating floor D for each test. The effective operating floor is obtained as follows: D = Y-1, Total energy consumption By reading the elevator stop electricity data from the electricity meter Power supply at the elevator starting point According to the following formula: = - 。 5. The elevator group control energy-saving scheduling method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before acquiring the parameters in step S4, it is first determined whether the elevator load is greater than 90% of the rated load. If it is less than 90%, the current floor is marked. Current elevator direction Current task queue New request floor The end point of the journey in the queue And use different strategies to acquire it.

6. The elevator group control energy-saving scheduling method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The strategy includes five different elevator operation logics: (1) When the elevator is idle or there are no tasks in the current task queue ,at this time , If there are no new requests for floors, ; (2) When the elevator goes up New requests are sent upstream; the new request level is between the current level and the end of the queue. At this point, since the routes are in the same direction, the number of floors being operated does not increase. , Similarly, if the elevator is descending in the same direction and following the same path, the current logic applies. (3) When the elevator goes up A new request is sent up, but the new request's level is higher than the end of the queue. At this point... , ; (4) If the elevator goes up but a new request goes down, or if the elevator goes down but a new request goes up, then , ; (5) If a new floor request is already in the task queue, no new stop is needed. ; Furthermore, each time the elevator stops at a station, the current task queue... The middle one is less; the incremental energy consumption of the stop. The following formula is used: 。 7. The elevator group control energy-saving scheduling method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The incremental physical distance in step S5 Run the floor increment in step S4 That is, use the following formula: ， in The constant value set in step S1; the incremental operating energy consumption The following formula is used: ， in For average load, This indicates that the motor needs to do additional work; the energy consumption increases in response to the elevator call. The following formula is used: ， The response score is calculated using the following formula: ， When the elevator experiences a load exceeding 90% of its rated capacity, the response score is: ,in This is the overload penalty coefficient; the greater the current load, the higher the coefficient.

8. The elevator group control energy-saving scheduling method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S6, the constant values ​​for determining whether to execute the batch processing request are the maximum batch processing wait time BW and the request buffer queue. When the predetermined timer time in the system exceeds the maximum waiting time for batch processing or the value in the request buffer queue exceeds the rated value, a batch processing request is made. The batch processing request includes the following operations: splitting multiple requests in the request buffer queue and putting them into the existing task queues of each elevator, repeatedly obtaining the parameters in steps S4 and S5, and performing normalization processing to obtain the final score selection response call.

9. The elevator group control energy-saving scheduling method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The normalization process is... , ,in This represents the maximum energy consumption in a single run, i.e., the maximum energy consumed when running from the bottom layer to the top layer under full load conditions; Representing the maximum runtime, i.e., from the bottom layer to the top layer, the scoring formula is: ， in For comprehensive scoring weights and The response time weights are all fixed values.

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