Agricultural waste composition for relieving continuous cropping obstacles of land after ginseng

Abstract

The invention discloses an agricultural waste composition for relieving continuous cropping obstacles of a field after ginseng, and relates to the technical field of agricultural ecological environment restoration and soil improvement. The agricultural waste combination comprises a mixture of five kinds of agricultural wastes, and the five kinds of agricultural wastes comprise cow dung, chicken manure, pig manure, corn straw and an edible fungus culture medium. The application amount of the composition and soil comprises (0.05-0.1) m < 3 > / m < 2 > of cow dung, (0.05-0.1) m < 3 > / m < 2 > of chicken manure, (0.05-0.1) m < 3 > / m < 2 > of pig manure, (0.05-0.1) m < 3 > / m < 2 > of corn straw and (0.05-0.1) m < 3 > / m < 2 > of edible fungus culture medium. According to the method, the seedling protection rate of seeds and seedlings can be effectively increased, the soil property is improved, the potential of improving the soil of the land after ginseng is achieved, and the problem of soil resource utilization can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural ecological environment restoration and soil improvement technology, and in particular to an agricultural waste combination for alleviating the obstacles of continuous cropping after ginseng cultivation. Background Technology

[0002] Agricultural waste refers to usable or unusable products left behind after human activities. Some agricultural waste has beneficial effects on soil improvement, making it an ideal material for improving soil after ginseng cultivation. For example, ginseng cultivation currently faces the problem of continuous cropping obstacles. These obstacles manifest as soil acidification, decreased organic matter content, microbial community imbalance, and accumulation of allelochemicals, leading to reduced ginseng yield, deteriorated quality, and increased pests and diseases in subsequent ginseng plantings. Existing technologies for improving ginseng-grown soil mainly include chemical, physical, and biological methods. Chemical methods easily cause soil pollution and pesticide residues, damaging the ecological environment; physical methods are time-consuming and costly, and cannot fundamentally solve the problems of soil microbial imbalance and allelochemical accumulation; biological methods have unstable effects, are greatly affected by environmental factors, and are difficult to promote on a large scale.

[0003] Currently available literature and patents include: "A Method for Soil Improvement in Post-Ginseng Land Based on Fermentation Degradation of Allelochemicals by Compound Bacteria" (Patent Application No.: CN202511016784.1), which discloses the use of straw powder and livestock manure for soil improvement in post-ginseng land; "A High-Adsorption Carbon-Based Organic Fertilizer and Inorganic Compound Fertilizer for Ginseng and Its Preparation Method" (Patent Application No.: CN201910810831.8), which discloses the use of chicken manure for ginseng-specific compound fertilizer; "A Ginseng Nutrient Fertilizer and Its Preparation Method" (Patent Application No.: CN201610010910.7), which discloses the use of dried pig manure and dried chicken manure for making ginseng nutrient fertilizer; and "A Nutrient Soil for Ginseng Cultivation and Its Cultivation Method" (Patent Application No.: CN201711319536.X), which discloses that cow manure can be used to compound ginseng cultivation soil.

[0004] However, there are currently no reports of using mixtures of cow manure, chicken manure, pig manure, corn stalks, and edible mushroom cultivation substrate to improve post-ginseng soil. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a low-cost, environmentally friendly, efficient, and easily industrialized post-ginseng soil improvement technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an agricultural waste combination for alleviating the continuous cropping obstacles in ginseng fields. This type of waste can effectively improve the problem of continuous cropping obstacles in old ginseng fields and realize the improvement of soil quality and reuse in ginseng fields.

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: An agricultural waste combination for alleviating the obstacle of continuous cropping after ginseng production includes a mixture of five agricultural wastes, namely cow manure, chicken manure, pig manure, corn stalks, and edible fungus culture medium. The composition comprises, based on the ratio of the composition to the soil application rate, (0.05~0.1) m 3 / m 2 Cow dung, (0.05~0.1) m 3 / m 2 Chicken manure, (0.05~0.1) m 3 / m 2 Pig manure, (0.05~0.1) m 3 / m 2 Corn stalks and (0.05~0.1) m 3 / m 2 Edible fungi culture medium.

[0007] As described above, an agricultural waste combination for alleviating the obstacle of continuous cropping after ginseng cultivation involves mixing five types of agricultural waste with the soil of the ginseng-cultivating land, fermenting at high temperature (≥50℃) for about 12 days, and then transplanting or sowing.

[0008] The above-described combination of agricultural wastes for alleviating continuous cropping obstacles after ginseng cultivation, wherein the optimal application ratio of cow manure, chicken manure, pig manure, corn stalks, edible fungus culture medium, and post-ginseng soil is 0.05 m³. 3 / m 2 .

[0009] An agricultural waste combination for alleviating continuous cropping obstacles after ginseng cultivation, as described above, wherein 100cm 3 Five samples were collected from the 0-20 cm soil layer near the sampling point using a ring cutter to determine the soil bulk density.

[0010] The above-described agricultural waste combination for alleviating the obstacle of continuous cropping after ginseng production includes the following steps: the activities of urease, laccase, sucrase and catalase in the soil are determined using a kit; the soil pH value is determined using a pH agent in the soil and in the aqueous suspension; and the soil moisture content is determined by drying at 105°C for 24 hours using an oven drying method.

[0011] The above-mentioned combination of agricultural wastes for alleviating the obstacles of continuous cropping after ginseng production, wherein, after application, the concentration of heavy metals in the soil does not exceed the prescribed value, and the contents of C, N, TP, AP, TK, AK, Ca, Mg, Mn, Na and Zn in the soil are all increased.

[0012] This invention demonstrates through research that composting cow manure, chicken manure, pig manure, corn stalks, and edible fungi culture medium into the soil after ginseng cultivation can effectively improve the survival rate of seeds and seedlings, improve soil properties, and has the potential to improve the soil in ginseng cultivation areas, thus alleviating the problem of soil resource utilization. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below to facilitate a further understanding of the invention.

[0014] Unless otherwise specified, all experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods. Unless otherwise specified, all materials and reagents used in the following examples are commercially available.

[0015] Example 1 An agricultural waste combination for alleviating the obstacle of continuous cropping after ginseng production includes a mixture of five agricultural wastes, namely cow manure, chicken manure, pig manure, corn stalks, and edible fungus culture medium.

[0016] To investigate the effects of five types of agricultural waste on the soil of ginseng-grown fields, an orthogonal experiment was conducted with five factors (cow manure, chicken manure, pig manure, corn stalks, and edible fungus culture medium) and three levels. Three replicate plots were randomly assigned to each treatment group and control group, with each plot having an area of ​​5 m². 2 After the soil is composted according to the design (as shown in Table 1), it is transplanted or sown after fermentation at high temperature (≥50℃) for about 12 days.

[0017]

[0018] The results of the above 12 treatments on the seedling survival rate and seed germination rate of large and small ginseng seedlings are shown in Table 2:

[0019] As can be seen from Tables 1 and 2: Experimental results showed that treatment 1 (the application ratio of cow manure, chicken manure, pig manure, corn stalks, edible fungus culture medium, and post-treatment soil was all 0.05 m) 3 / m 2 This significantly improved the survival rate of both large and small ginseng seedlings and the germination rate of seeds.

[0020] Example 2 The physical and chemical properties of the treated soil were measured: The contents of C, N, TP, AP, TK, AK, Ca, Hg, Mg, Mn, Na, Se, and Zn in soils of treatment 1 and untreated soils were determined respectively. A 100cm³ sieve was used. 3Five soil samples were collected from the 0-20 cm soil layer near the sampling point using a ring cutter to determine soil bulk density. The activities of urease, laccase, sucrase, and catalase in the soil were determined using a kit. Soil pH was determined using a pH reagent in both soil and water (w / v) suspensions. Soil moisture content was determined by drying the soil at 105°C for 24 hours using an oven drying method.

[0021] Experimental results: The differences in soil physicochemical properties between the treatment group and the control group are shown in Table 3:

[0022] The results in the table show that Treatment 1 significantly increased the contents of C, N, TP, AP, TK, AK, Ca, Mg, Mn, Na, and Zn in the soil. The contents of Hg and Se in the control group were higher than those in the treatment group. The concentrations of heavy metals in the soil before and after treatment did not exceed the risk control values ​​specified in the "Standard for Risk Control of Soil Pollution in Agricultural Land" (GB 15618-2018). After treatment, the soil bulk density decreased significantly, the pH increased significantly, and the water content was below 80%.

[0023] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make various different choices and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An agricultural waste combination for alleviating continuous cropping obstacles after ginseng cultivation, characterized in that, It includes a mixture of five types of agricultural waste, namely cow dung, chicken manure, pig manure, corn stalks, and edible fungus culture medium; The composition comprises, based on the ratio of the composition to the soil application rate, (0.05~0.1) m 3 / m 2 Cow dung, (0.05~0.1) m 3 / m 2 Chicken manure, (0.05~0.1) m 3 / m 2 Pig manure, (0.05~0.1) m 3 / m 2 Corn stalks and (0.05~0.1) m 3 / m 2 Edible fungi culture medium.

2. The agricultural waste combination for alleviating continuous cropping obstacles after ginseng cultivation, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... After mixing the five types of agricultural waste with the soil of the ginseng-grown land, they need to be fermented at high temperature (≥50℃) for about 12 days before transplanting or sowing.

3. An agricultural waste combination for alleviating continuous cropping obstacles after ginseng production, as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The optimal application ratio of cow manure, chicken manure, pig manure, corn stalks, edible mushroom cultivation substrate, and post-fermentation soil is 0.05 m³. 3 / m 2 .

4. An agricultural waste combination for alleviating continuous cropping obstacles after ginseng cultivation, as described in claim 3, is characterized in that... Use 100cm 3 Five samples were collected from the 0-20 cm soil layer near the sampling point using a ring cutter to determine the soil bulk density.

5. An agricultural waste combination for alleviating continuous cropping obstacles after ginseng production, as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The activities of urease, laccase, sucrase and catalase in the soil were determined using a kit. The pH value of the soil and the water suspension was determined using a pH reagent. The soil moisture content was determined by drying at 105℃ for 24 hours using an oven drying method.

6. An agricultural waste combination for alleviating continuous cropping obstacles after ginseng production, as described in claim 5, characterized in that, After application, the concentration of heavy metals in the soil did not exceed the prescribed values, and the contents of C, N, TP, AP, TK, AK, Ca, Mg, Mn, Na and Zn in the soil all increased.

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