Shipborne combined supply system and method based on deep sea hydrogen electricity cold transportation and auxiliary vaporization

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen-electricity cold transportation, and provides a ship-borne combined supply system and method based on deep-sea hydrogen-electricity cold transportation and auxiliary vaporization. The system comprises a liquid hydrogen storage cabin arranged in a ship body and used for storing liquid hydrogen serving as main fuel; the hydrogen-electricity cold transportation pipeline penetrates through the main cabin of the ship body, is connected with the liquid hydrogen storage cabin through a transportation and distribution device and internally comprises an electric superconducting layer; the hydrogen fuel cell power generation module serves as an energy access point and is connected with the power superconducting layer; the solar auxiliary vaporization module exchanges heat with the liquid hydrogen vaporization system through a heat transfer pipeline, and the collected solar heat energy is used for assisting liquid hydrogen vaporization; and the energy management system is used for cooperatively controlling dynamic optimal operation of the liquid hydrogen storage cabin, the hydrogen-electricity cold transportation pipeline, the hydrogen fuel cell power generation module and the solar auxiliary vaporization module. The inherent defects of single energy utilization, low power transmission efficiency, bloated system layout and the like in the prior art are overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hydrogen-electric-cooled transportation technology, and particularly relates to a shipborne combined supply system and method based on deep-sea hydrogen-electric-cooled transportation and auxiliary vaporization. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Increasingly stringent carbon emission regulations from the International Maritime Organization (IMO) are driving the shipping industry toward deep decarbonization. Hydrogen fuel cell technology, with its zero-emission characteristic of producing only water as a reaction byproduct, is considered one of the ultimate solutions for ship propulsion. However, its large-scale application on medium and large vessels still faces three core challenges: Bottlenecks in high-capacity power transmission: The propulsion power requirements of large ships often reach several megawatts to tens of megawatts. If a centralized fuel cell layout is adopted, high-power transmission throughout the ship must be carried out through conventional copper cables. This will result in significant line losses, a surge in the weight and volume of cables due to their excessively large cross-sections, high costs, and the occupation of valuable cargo space and deadweight tonnage.

[0004] Significant waste of high-quality cold energy: To achieve higher volumetric energy density, shipboard hydrogen is typically stored in liquid form. During vaporization at room temperature, liquid hydrogen releases a massive amount of cold energy (approximately -253°C). In traditional systems, this extremely high-grade cold energy is not only unused, but also requires additional energy to construct complex BOG (Body-on-Ground Gas) processing systems to manage the pressure rise and safety hazards caused by its vaporization, resulting in substantial energy waste.

[0005] The dilemma of complex system integration: Ships, especially commercial cargo ships and passenger ships, have extremely compact spatial layouts and high costs. Existing technologies lack designs for the effective synergistic utilization of shipboard renewable energy and liquid hydrogen systems, and have failed to achieve system-level optimization of multi-energy complementarity. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the shortcomings of the existing technologies, this invention provides a shipborne combined power supply system and method based on deep-sea hydrogen-electric-cold transmission and auxiliary vaporization, constructing an integrated energy transmission backbone network to achieve four-level efficient coupling of "high-efficiency solar thermal energy - hydrogen cold energy - hydrogen chemical energy - electrical energy", thus solving the inherent defects of existing technologies such as single energy utilization, low power transmission efficiency, and cumbersome system layout.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, one or more embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions: The first aspect of this invention provides a shipborne combined heat and power system based on deep-sea hydrogen power-cooling transmission and auxiliary vaporization, comprising: A liquid hydrogen storage tank, located inside the hull, is used to store liquid hydrogen as the main fuel. A hydrogen-electric-cooled transmission pipeline runs through the main compartments of the hull and is connected to the liquid hydrogen storage tank via a transmission and distribution device; the pipeline includes an electric superconducting layer. A hydrogen fuel cell power generation module, serving as an energy access point, is connected to the electric superconducting layer. A solar-assisted vaporization module exchanges heat with the liquid hydrogen vaporization system through heat transfer pipes, using the collected solar thermal energy to assist in liquid hydrogen vaporization. An energy management system is used to coordinate and control the dynamic optimal operation of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, the hydrogen-electric-cooled transmission pipeline, the hydrogen fuel cell power generation module, and the solar-assisted vaporization module.

[0008] Furthermore, the system also includes an electric propulsion system located at the end of the hydrogen-electric cooling pipeline, which transmits the power from the electric superconducting layer to the ship's electrical equipment.

[0009] Furthermore, the hydrogen-electric cooling pipeline includes, from the inside out, liquid hydrogen inside the pipe, a secondary positive hydrogen catalyst coating and an electrical insulation layer inside the pipe, an electrical superconducting layer, a secondary positive hydrogen catalyst coating and an electrical insulation layer outside the pipe, liquid hydrogen outside the pipe, and the outer wall and insulation layer of the hydrogen-electric cooling pipeline.

[0010] Furthermore, the hydrogen fuel cell power generation module is installed along the hydrogen-electric cooling pipeline, and hydrogen is extracted from the hydrogen-electric cooling pipeline to generate electricity, which is directly injected into the electric superconducting layer.

[0011] Furthermore, the energy management system includes a refrigeration unit connected to the hydrogen-electric cooling pipeline.

[0012] Furthermore, the solar-assisted vaporization module includes a collector array employing polar-axis tracking. The rotation axis of the collector is parallel to the Earth's rotation axis, and it rotates around this axis at a constant angular velocity via a drive mechanism to achieve continuous tracking of the sun.

[0013] Furthermore, the liquid hydrogen vaporization system includes a liquid hydrogen vaporization section of a hydrogen-electric cooling pipeline and a vaporizer in a liquid hydrogen storage tank.

[0014] Furthermore, the energy management system includes sensors configured at various stages; these sensors include sensors for monitoring the flow rate, temperature, and pressure of liquid hydrogen; sensors for monitoring the energy state and solar irradiance; and sensors for monitoring the ship's attitude and heading in space.

[0015] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for a shipborne combined heat and power system based on deep-sea hydrogen power transmission and auxiliary vaporization, comprising: Liquid hydrogen is pumped from the liquid hydrogen storage tank into the delivery pipeline; The solar-assisted vaporization module is activated to track and collect solar radiation heat, and to heat the liquid hydrogen through heat exchange, thus vaporizing it into hydrogen gas. The superconducting state of the electric superconducting layer is established and maintained by utilizing the cold energy released during the vaporization of liquid hydrogen. The vaporized hydrogen obtained is then transported to a hydrogen fuel cell power generation module to generate electricity. The generated electrical energy is injected into the electric superconducting layer and then transmitted through the electric superconducting layer to the electric propulsion system and shipboard electrical equipment.

[0016] Furthermore, the energy management system collects system operating parameters in real time and coordinates the control of liquid hydrogen supply rate, hydrogen fuel cell power generation, refrigeration unit power, solar-assisted heat input, and power load distribution. The above one or more technical solutions have the following beneficial effects: This invention utilizes the extremely low temperature of liquid hydrogen to enable the electric superconducting layer to operate in a superconducting state, fundamentally solving the problems of ohmic loss and heat generation in high-power, long-distance shipboard power transmission. This significantly reduces the energy consumption of the operating system, particularly reducing energy consumption for power transmission and liquid hydrogen pipeline vaporization by 20%–30%, and achieving highly efficient utilization of cold energy. The entire process is zero-carbon emission, and with external shielding, the external electromagnetic pollution of the electric superconducting layer is negligible, achieving truly clean power.

[0017] This invention realizes a cascaded energy utilization paradigm of liquid hydrogen with triple benefits. Liquid hydrogen is first used as a cooling medium to utilize its physical cold energy, then used as fuel in fuel cells to convert its chemical energy, and finally produces high-quality electrical energy, thereby maximizing the overall energy efficiency of the system.

[0018] This invention combines solar-assisted vaporization using polar-axis tracking with a deep synergy with an energy management system that has ship motion compensation capabilities. This enables the system to achieve highly efficient solar energy collection, similar to that of a land-based fixed power station, on global shipping routes and in various sea conditions. It realizes a four-level efficient coupling and utilization of "high-efficiency solar thermal energy - hydrogen cold energy - hydrogen chemical energy - electrical energy", significantly enhancing the system's all-weather energy autonomy and environmental adaptability.

[0019] The current density of the superconducting layer used in this invention far exceeds that of conventional copper cables, resulting in a significant reduction in cable cross-sectional area, weight, and volume for the same transmission capacity. Furthermore, the integration of fuel delivery, cooling, and power transmission into a single pipeline greatly saves valuable space and tonnage on board the ship. Simultaneous transmission of hydrogen and electricity reduces the space required for pipeline layout by 25%–35%. High-efficiency solar modules provide higher thermal power per unit area, further reducing the required deck space.

[0020] The integrated pipeline design of this invention reduces external interfaces such as flanges and joints, significantly lowering the risk of hydrogen leakage and malfunction. Superconducting power transmission itself generates no Joule heat, fundamentally eliminating the fire hazard caused by cable overheating. The entire system operates in a controllable low-temperature environment, which helps suppress the risk of hydrogen explosion and improves intrinsic safety. Solar-assisted vaporization provides a stable and controllable external heat source, contributing to smoother and safer vaporization of liquid hydrogen and reducing the risks associated with rapid or uneven heating. The polar-axis tracking method results in smooth movement, minimal mechanical wear, and high reliability.

[0021] Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a system structure diagram of the first embodiment.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-layer structure of the hydrogen-electric cooling pipeline in the first embodiment.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the hydrogen-electric cooling pipeline of the first embodiment.

[0026] The components include: 1. Liquid hydrogen storage chamber; 2. Hydrogen-electric cooling pipeline; 3. Solar-assisted vaporization module; 4. Hydrogen fuel cell power generation module; 5. Electric propulsion system; 6. Liquid hydrogen inside the pipeline; 7. Hydrogen catalyst coating and electrical insulation layer inside the pipeline; 8. Electrical superconducting layer; 9. Hydrogen catalyst coating and electrical insulation layer outside the pipeline; 10. Liquid hydrogen outside the pipeline; 11. Outer wall of the hydrogen-electric cooling pipeline; and 12. Insulation layer. Detailed Implementation

[0027] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further illustration of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0028] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular implementations only and is not intended to limit the exemplary implementations of the present invention.

[0029] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0030] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment discloses a shipborne combined heat and power system based on deep-sea hydrogen-electric cooling and auxiliary vaporization; the core of this system lies in constructing a functionally integrated energy transmission backbone network, specifically including: Liquid hydrogen storage tank 1, located inside the hull, is used to store liquid hydrogen as the main fuel.

[0031] The hydrogen-electricity-cooling pipeline 2 is a multi-functional composite pipeline that acts as the central nervous system, running through the main compartments of the ship. Specifically, it is connected to the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 via the delivery and distribution device 3, extending from the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 to all major power users throughout the ship.

[0032] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the internal layered structure of the hydrogen-electric cooling pipeline 2 integrates the following from the inside out: Liquid hydrogen 6 inside the pipe: serves as the core cold source and fuel flow channel.

[0033] 7. A secondary hydrogen catalyst coating and electrical insulation layer are prepared on the pipe wall. This composite layer utilizes the low-temperature environment of liquid hydrogen to efficiently catalyze the conversion of orthohydrogen to secondary hydrogen, releasing the conversion cold energy and improving the stability of liquid hydrogen storage; on the other hand, it provides reliable electrical isolation to ensure system safety.

[0034] Electric superconducting layer 8: Located adjacent to the internal low-temperature pipeline, it directly utilizes the constant low-temperature environment provided by the pipeline to enable the high-temperature superconducting cable, which serves as the pipeline wall, to operate stably in the superconducting state, thereby achieving zero resistance and high-capacity power transmission.

[0035] External secondary hydrogen catalyst coating and electrical insulation layer 9: The outer layer of the pipe is further integrated with an external secondary hydrogen catalyst coating and electrical insulation layer, which is coupled with the outermost liquid hydrogen 10 to form a precise temperature control interlayer. This is used to ensure that the entire superconducting cable operates stably below the critical temperature and to finely manage the vaporization rate and flow of liquid hydrogen.

[0036] The outer wall 11 and insulation layer 12 of the hydrogen-electric cold transmission pipe: The outermost layer is a high-performance vacuum insulation layer and a mechanical protective outer sheath, which plays a supporting and protective role, preventing damage from the outside and leakage of cold energy, minimizing the intrusion of heat from the external environment, and maintaining the system's low-temperature and high-efficiency operation.

[0037] As a further technical solution, the innermost layer is the liquid hydrogen 6 inside the pipe for transporting liquid hydrogen / cold hydrogen; its pipe wall integrates a key functional layer—the inner secondary positive hydrogen catalyst coating and electrical insulation layer 7; outward is a tightly wrapped electric superconducting layer 8, which is composed of superconducting tape, insulation and shielding layers; outside is the outer liquid hydrogen 10 and the outer secondary positive hydrogen catalyst coating and electrical insulation layer 9 for precise temperature control; the outermost layer is encapsulated by a robust hydrogen-electric-cold transmission pipe outer wall 11 and a heat insulation layer 12, together constructing a stable, efficient and safe energy transmission environment.

[0038] In this embodiment, after the liquid hydrogen flows out of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1, the flow rate and pressure can be regulated by a pressure regulator according to the system requirements, forming two streams of liquid hydrogen, one inside and one outside, which enter the core channel of the hydrogen-electric cooling pipeline 2 and flow into the liquid hydrogen 6 inside the pipe and the liquid hydrogen 10 outside the pipe.

[0039] This pipeline not only transports hydrogen and electricity but also creates a cryogenic environment that maintains superconductivity, enabling the efficient and high-capacity delivery of electricity to the ship's propulsion system and power grid with near-zero loss. By introducing an internal secondary hydrogen catalyst coating and electrical insulation layer 7 and an external secondary hydrogen catalyst coating and electrical insulation layer 9, the additional cold energy released during the conversion of liquid hydrogen is fully exploited and utilized, enhancing the system's cooling capacity and stability. This also improves the safety and economy of liquid hydrogen storage, making the overall system more adaptable to complex and fluctuating marine operating environments.

[0040] Liquid hydrogen plays a dual role in this system, serving both as fuel for the fuel cell and as a cooling source for the superconducting cable.

[0041] As a further technical solution, the energy transmission backbone network also includes: The hydrogen fuel cell power generation module 4 serves as an energy access point and is connected to the electric superconducting layer. Specifically, several hydrogen fuel cell power generation modules 4 are arranged along the hydrogen-electric cooling pipeline 2. These modules draw hydrogen from the pipeline (mainly from the outer layer) as needed to generate electricity. Their hydrogen inlets are connected to the internal hydrogen pipelines, receiving precisely temperature-controlled hydrogen for electrochemical reactions to generate electricity. Their power output terminals are directly connected to the electric superconducting layer 8, and the generated electricity is directly and seamlessly injected into the parallel electric superconducting layer 8 inside the pipeline, merging into the main power grid.

[0042] In this embodiment, the hydrogen fuel cell power generation module 4 is distributed or centrally arranged along or at the end of the hydrogen-electric cooling pipeline 2. A flexible backbone network-access point mode can be adopted, that is, a centralized large power generation unit or multiple distributed small power generation units are connected along the pipeline to adapt to the layout requirements of different ship types.

[0043] As a further technical solution, the energy transmission backbone network also includes: The solar-assisted vaporization module 13 includes a solar collector array employing polar-axis tracking. This device is combined with a hydrogen-electric-cooled transport system for application on unstable hydrogen fuel cell ships. It exchanges heat with the liquid hydrogen vaporization system through heat transfer pipes, using the collected solar thermal energy to assist in liquid hydrogen vaporization. Specifically, the solar collector array is mounted on a polar-axis tracking bracket. The rotation axis of the polar-axis tracking bracket is set during installation according to the ship's home port latitude or main shipping route area, approximately parallel to the Earth's rotation axis (i.e., the polar axis direction). A drive mechanism (tracking actuator) drives the solar collector to rotate around this axis at a constant angular velocity (approximately 15 degrees / hour), thereby precisely counteracting the Earth's rotation and achieving fully automatic, continuous, smooth, and high-precision tracking of the sun.

[0044] In this embodiment, the liquid hydrogen vaporization system includes a liquid hydrogen vaporization section (transportation end) of the hydrogen-electric-cooled transmission pipeline 2 and a vaporizer of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1. The hydrogen-electric-cooled transmission pipeline 2 or the vaporizer of the liquid hydrogen vaporization section is equipped with a heat exchange interface connected to the solar-assisted vaporization module 13. The heat collection medium circulation pipeline is connected to the aforementioned heat exchange interface to transfer the efficiently collected solar heat to the liquid hydrogen. This module is arranged on the deck of a ship or the outer surface of the superstructure, and its core includes a high-efficiency concentrating or non-concentrating solar collector array using a polar-axis tracking method. The solar-assisted vaporization module 13 can integrate a phase change thermal storage unit to store excess solar heat and release it at night or when there is insufficient sunlight, so as to smooth the fluctuation of vaporization heat source and improve the continuity of system operation.

[0045] The solar-assisted vaporization module with polar-axis tracking greatly improves the photothermal conversion efficiency and heat output stability, providing a highly efficient and controllable clean external heat source for liquid hydrogen.

[0046] As a further technical solution, the energy transmission backbone network also includes: The electric propulsion system 5, as the core of the ship's power, is located at the end of the hydrogen-electric-cooled transmission pipeline 2. It receives power from the hydrogen fuel cell power generation module 4 and is directly connected to the electric superconducting layer 8, transmitting the power from the electric superconducting layer 8 to the ship's electrical equipment without loss.

[0047] As a further technical solution, the energy transmission backbone network also includes: The energy management system, which serves as the central hub, includes devices such as computers and data processors. It is used to coordinate and control the dynamic optimal operation of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, hydrogen-electric cold transport pipeline, hydrogen fuel cell power generation module, electric propulsion system, and solar-assisted vaporization module.

[0048] In this embodiment, the energy management system includes sensors configured at various stages, including sensors for monitoring the flow rate, temperature, and pressure of liquid hydrogen; sensors for monitoring the energy state and solar irradiance; and sensors for monitoring the ship's spatial state and heading. The energy management system collects key parameters such as flow rate, temperature, pressure, electricity, irradiance, heat collector temperature, and ship heading and attitude angles in real time through a sensor network.

[0049] The energy management system includes one (or more) refrigeration units, which can serve as the main or auxiliary cold source and are thermally connected to the hydrogen-electric cooling pipeline 2 to ensure the accuracy and stability of the low-temperature environment. Specifically, it can be configured as follows: a main-auxiliary mode with liquid hydrogen vaporization cold energy as the main cold source and an independent closed-loop refrigeration unit as a supplement and for precise temperature control; or a backup-main mode where the refrigeration unit undertakes the main cooling task under specific operating conditions.

[0050] The energy management system is connected to the ship's attitude reference system. Based on the ship's real-time attitude data (real-time heading, roll, and pitch data), it fine-tunes and compensates for the reference angle of polar axis tracking to offset tracking errors caused by ship rolling and turning, ensuring accurate solar tracking even when the ship is in motion. Specifically, the solar collector plane is continuously adjusted along the north-south axis parallel to the Earth's rotation axis, and the control system corrects it in real time according to the ship's sway.

[0051] The energy management system intelligently controls the liquid hydrogen pump, fuel cell, refrigerator, solar circulating pump, tracking actuator, and valves to achieve optimal energy efficiency and safe operation of the system under all working conditions and sea conditions.

[0052] Example 2 This embodiment discloses a shipborne combined cooling and power supply method based on deep-sea hydrogen electricity and auxiliary vaporization, including: S1: Liquid hydrogen is pumped from the liquid hydrogen storage tank into the delivery pipeline using a liquid hydrogen pump; S2: Activate the solar-assisted vaporization module to track and collect solar radiation heat, and use heat exchange to assist in heating the liquid hydrogen, causing it to vaporize into hydrogen gas; S3: Utilize the cold energy released during the vaporization of liquid hydrogen to establish and maintain the superconducting state of the electric superconducting layer; S4: The obtained vaporized hydrogen is delivered to the hydrogen fuel cell power generation module to generate electricity; S5: The generated electrical energy is injected into the electric superconducting layer and transmitted through the electric superconducting layer to the electric propulsion system and ship electrical equipment; In this embodiment, the energy management system collects system operating parameters in real time and coordinates the control of liquid hydrogen supply rate, hydrogen fuel cell power generation, refrigeration unit power, solar-assisted heat input, and power load distribution.

[0053] Specifically, during navigation, liquid hydrogen is pumped from the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 into the hydrogen-electric cooling pipeline 2. Under deep-sea illumination conditions, the solar-assisted vaporization module 13 activates its polar-axis tracking system, and the solar collector rotates smoothly at a constant angular velocity, maintaining efficient reception of sunlight at all times. The collected high-density solar heat provides stable and efficient auxiliary heating to the liquid hydrogen in the pipeline or independent vaporizer through a heat exchanger, significantly promoting its smooth vaporization and greatly reducing the energy consumption of active heating. The energy management system 5 dynamically optimizes tracking parameters according to the ship's motion attitude to ensure tracking accuracy. As the liquid hydrogen 6 flows through the pipeline, the massive amount of cold energy it carries is first used to establish and maintain the superconducting state of the parallel electric superconducting layer 8, which is the first stage of cold energy utilization. Subsequently, the hydrogen is transported to the hydrogen fuel cell power generation module 4 along the way for electrochemical reactions, converting chemical energy into electrical energy, which is the second stage of chemical energy utilization. The generated electrical energy is immediately injected into the electric superconducting layer 8 and transmitted to the electric propulsion system 5 and all shipboard electrical equipment in a near-loss manner, completing the final efficient utilization of electrical energy. The energy management system works in concert to dynamically balance thermal fluctuations caused by heat intrusion, load changes, and the high-efficiency but potentially fluctuating input of solar energy, ensuring the stability, efficiency, and safety of the entire hydrogen-electricity-cooling-high-efficiency solar energy chain.

[0054] This system enables a seamless and efficient conversion from fuel to thrust, and achieves multi-energy complementarity based on advanced tracking technology.

[0055] The steps involved in the above embodiment two correspond to those in embodiment one. For specific implementation details, please refer to the relevant description section of embodiment one.

[0056] Those skilled in the art will understand that the modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented using general-purpose computer devices. Optionally, they can be implemented using computer-executable program code, thereby allowing them to be stored in a storage device for execution by a computer device, or they can be fabricated as separate integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps can be fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. The present invention is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

[0057] While the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shipborne combined heat and power system based on deep-sea hydrogen electric cooling and auxiliary vaporization, characterized in that, include: A liquid hydrogen storage tank, located inside the hull, is used to store liquid hydrogen as the main fuel. A hydrogen-electric-cooled transmission pipeline runs through the main compartments of the hull and is connected to the liquid hydrogen storage tank via a transmission and distribution device; the pipeline includes an electric superconducting layer. A hydrogen fuel cell power generation module, serving as an energy access point, is connected to the electric superconducting layer. A solar-assisted vaporization module exchanges heat with the liquid hydrogen vaporization system through heat transfer pipes, using the collected solar thermal energy to assist in liquid hydrogen vaporization. An energy management system is used to coordinate and control the dynamic optimal operation of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, the hydrogen-electric-cooled transmission pipeline, the hydrogen fuel cell power generation module, and the solar-assisted vaporization module.

2. The shipborne combined heat and power system based on deep-sea hydrogen electric cooling and auxiliary vaporization as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes an electric propulsion system located at the end of the hydrogen-electric cooling pipeline, which transmits the power from the electric superconducting layer to the ship's electrical equipment.

3. The shipborne combined heat and power system based on deep-sea hydrogen power transmission and auxiliary vaporization as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen-electric cooling pipeline, from the inside out, includes liquid hydrogen inside the pipe, a secondary positive hydrogen catalyst coating and electrical insulation layer inside the pipe, an electric superconducting layer, a secondary positive hydrogen catalyst coating and electrical insulation layer outside the pipe, liquid hydrogen outside the pipe, and the outer wall and insulation layer of the hydrogen-electric cooling pipeline.

4. The shipborne combined heat and power system based on deep-sea hydrogen electric cooling and auxiliary vaporization as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen fuel cell power generation module is installed along the hydrogen-electric cooling pipeline, and hydrogen is extracted from the hydrogen-electric cooling pipeline to generate electricity, which is directly injected into the electric superconducting layer.

5. A shipborne combined heat and power system based on deep-sea hydrogen power transmission and auxiliary vaporization as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The energy management system includes a refrigeration unit connected to the hydrogen-electric cooling pipeline.

6. The shipborne combined heat and power system based on deep-sea hydrogen power transmission and auxiliary vaporization as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The solar-assisted vaporization module includes a collector array that uses polar-axis tracking. The rotation axis of the collector is parallel to the Earth's rotation axis, and it rotates around the axis at a constant angular velocity through a drive mechanism to achieve continuous tracking of the sun.

7. A shipborne combined heat and power system based on deep-sea hydrogen power transmission and auxiliary vaporization as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid hydrogen vaporization system includes a liquid hydrogen vaporization section of a hydrogen electric cooling pipeline and a vaporizer for a liquid hydrogen storage tank.

8. A shipborne combined heat and power system based on deep-sea hydrogen power-cooling transmission and auxiliary vaporization as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The energy management system includes sensors configured in various stages; the sensors include flow, temperature and pressure sensors for monitoring liquid hydrogen, power and solar irradiance sensors for monitoring energy status, and attitude and heading sensors for monitoring the ship's spatial status.

9. A shipborne combined heat and power supply method based on deep-sea hydrogen electric cooling and auxiliary vaporization, characterized in that, include: Liquid hydrogen is pumped from the liquid hydrogen storage tank into the delivery pipeline; The solar-assisted vaporization module is activated to track and collect solar radiation heat, and to heat the liquid hydrogen through heat exchange, thus vaporizing it into hydrogen gas. The superconducting state of the electric superconducting layer is established and maintained by utilizing the cold energy released during the vaporization of liquid hydrogen. The vaporized hydrogen obtained is then transported to a hydrogen fuel cell power generation module to generate electricity. The generated electrical energy is injected into the electric superconducting layer and then transmitted through the electric superconducting layer to the electric propulsion system and shipboard electrical equipment.

10. A shipborne combined heat and power supply method based on deep-sea hydrogen electric cooling and auxiliary vaporization as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The energy management system collects system operating parameters in real time and coordinates the control of liquid hydrogen supply rate, hydrogen fuel cell power generation, refrigeration unit power, solar auxiliary heat input, and power load distribution.

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