Integrated hole protecting and automatic interval charging device for blasting drilling

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated hole protection and automatic interval charging device for blasting drilling. The integrated hole protection and automatic interval charging device comprises a positioning rod, a hole protection mechanism at the bottom of the positioning rod, an internal interval mechanism and an alignment mechanism at the top of the positioning rod. The hole protecting mechanism mainly comprises a center lead screw fixedly connected with the bottom of the positioning rod, a plurality of supporting pieces arranged in the annular direction and driving lantern rings symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the lead screw in a sleeving mode. By rotating the center lead screw, the lantern rings at the two ends are driven to move relatively in the axial direction, then the supporting pieces are driven to expand synchronously in the radial direction, the flexible net bag is tightly attached to the hole wall, and active supporting of the hole wall is achieved. The spacing mechanism is internally provided with an air bag and a trigger assembly, when charged powder reaches a set height, the spacing mechanism is pressed to start an air cylinder, air is automatically injected into the air bag to expand, and therefore an accurate and stable air gap is formed in a blast hole, and accurate non-coupling charging is achieved. The device has the functions of hole protection, collapse prevention and automatic spacing, the integrity of blasting drilling can be effectively guaranteed, the utilization efficiency of blasting energy is improved, and the crushing effect is controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of blasting engineering technology, specifically to an integrated equipment for borehole support and charging processes, and more particularly to an integrated borehole protection and automatic interval charging device for blasting boreholes. Background Technology

[0002] Blasting technology is widely used in various engineering projects such as mining, tunneling, and rock excavation, and its effectiveness directly affects construction efficiency, cost, and safety. In the entire blasting process, drilling is the primary and fundamental step, and the quality and retention of the borehole directly determine the subsequent charging, packing, and final blasting effect.

[0003] In practical engineering, especially under complex geological conditions (such as soft rock layers, fractured zones, and high water-content strata), after drilling, problems such as borehole wall collapse, reduced borehole diameter, or fracture expansion often occur due to factors such as poor rock mass stability, blasting vibration disturbance, and groundwater seepage. This leads to a decrease in borehole formation rate, which not only increases the cost and time of borehole repair and repair, but also results in uneven charge distribution and reduced blasting energy transfer efficiency, leading to a series of adverse consequences such as a high proportion of large blocks, poor contour control, and low blast energy utilization.

[0004] To optimize blast energy distribution, improve fragmentation effects, and control blast vibration, air-spaced charging (also known as decoupled charging) technology has become an effective method. This technology improves the overall blasting effect by setting air sections within the explosive charge, extending the duration of detonation pressure, and increasing the energy transfer efficiency of the blast stress wave. However, traditional air-spaced charging relies mainly on manual placement of spacers or calculation of charge height, which has the following significant drawbacks: First, the accuracy of spacer placement is difficult to guarantee, depending on worker experience and resulting in poor consistency; second, construction efficiency is low, especially in deep or inclined holes; and third, it lacks active support for the borehole wall, and in easily collapsible strata, the spacer itself may fail due to borehole wall instability.

[0005] In summary, existing technologies lack an integrated device capable of simultaneously achieving borehole support and precise, automated air-gap charging. Therefore, developing an intelligent device that integrates active borehole protection, automatic sensing of the charging process, and triggering the formation of air gaps is of urgent technical necessity and significant engineering value for improving the standardization and automation of blasting operations and ensuring the precise implementation of blasting designs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated hole protection and automatic interval charging device for blasting drilling, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes an integrated hole protection and automatic interval charging device for blasting drilling, including a positioning rod, a hole protection mechanism at the bottom of the positioning rod, an interval mechanism inside the hole protection mechanism, and an alignment mechanism at the top of the positioning rod. The hole protection mechanism includes a first lead screw fixedly connected to the bottom of the positioning rod. The outer side of the first lead screw is provided with multiple hole wall circumferential expansion support plates. Both ends of the outer wall of the first lead screw are provided with collars. The inner wall of the collar is provided with a threaded groove, and the threaded groove is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the first lead screw. Multiple first fixing seats are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the outer wall of the collar. A first connecting rod is rotatably connected to one side of each first fixing seat. A second fixing seat is rotatably connected to the other end of each first connecting rod, and the other side of the second fixing seat is fixedly connected to one side of the hole wall circumferential expansion support plate.

[0008] In one example, a second connecting rod is fixedly connected between each of the circumferential expansion and contraction support plates of the hole wall, and circumferential serrations are fixedly connected to the outer wall of each of the circumferential expansion and contraction support plates of the hole wall.

[0009] In one example, a mesh bag is fixedly connected between every two adjacent circumferential expansion and contraction support plates of the hole wall.

[0010] In one example, the spacing mechanism includes a plurality of support rods fixedly connected between two adjacent circumferential expansion and contraction support plates of the hole wall, wherein a top plate is fixedly connected to the top of one side of one of the support rods, and a gas cylinder is provided on the top of the top plate.

[0011] In one example, a button is embedded in the middle of one side of the support rod, and the button is connected in series with one end of the gas cylinder. One end of the gas cylinder is fixedly connected to an air bladder, and the air bladder is located at the top of the gas cylinder. A locking block is fixedly connected to one side of one of the top plates. The locking block is slidably connected to a slot on the inner wall of the support rod. A connecting shell is fitted onto the outer wall of the top plate.

[0012] In one example, the top of one of the circumferential expansion and contraction support plates of the hole wall is fixedly connected to the circumferential expansion and contraction support plate of the orifice.

[0013] In one example, the alignment mechanism includes multiple grooves formed on the top of the positioning rod. A second lead screw is fixedly connected to one side of the inner wall of each groove. A second telescopic spring is sleeved on the outer wall of each second lead screw. A support circular plate is inserted and connected to one end of each second lead screw. A connecting seat is fixedly connected to one side of each support circular plate. A pulley is rotatably connected to one side of each connecting seat. A nut is threadedly connected to one end of the outer wall of each second lead screw.

[0014] In one example, a groove is formed at the center of the top of the positioning rod, and a level is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the groove.

[0015] In one example, the outer wall of the positioning rod is fitted with a circular tube.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In terms of borehole protection, the support plate is radially expanded by rotating the screw, so that the flexible net bag fits tightly against the borehole wall, realizing active support for the borehole wall and effectively solving the problem of borehole collapse in blasting boreholes. Compared with the traditional operation method without borehole protection measures, it greatly improves the stability of the borehole structure and avoids construction interruption or charge failure caused by borehole collapse.

[0017] 2. Regarding interval loading, the built-in airbag and triggering components can automatically inflate when the charge reaches the set height, achieving precise and decoupled loading. This ensures the consistency of interval parameters and avoids the errors and operational risks of manual interval loading. Compared with existing air interval loading methods, the interval accuracy and stability are significantly improved.

[0018] 3. In terms of operability and space utilization, a screw-ring-support plate linkage structure is adopted, which achieves retraction through rotation. The flexible net bag can be gathered with the ring, which has strong storage capacity and small space occupation. Compared with the separate design of independent protective holes and interval devices, it is easier to transport, deploy and recycle, and greatly simplifies the on-site operation process. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hole protection mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the position structure of the circumferential expansion and contraction support piece of the hole wall in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the interval mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the alignment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the inner wall structure of the support rod of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the card block structure on one side of the top plate of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Positioning rod; 2. Hole protection mechanism; 201. First lead screw; 202. Collar; 203. Threaded groove; 204. First fixed seat; 205. First connecting rod; 206. Second fixed seat; 207. Hole wall circumferential expansion support plate; 208. Second connecting rod; 209. Circumferential serration; 210. Net bag; 3. Spacer mechanism; 301. Support rod; 302. Button; 303. Top plate; 304. Gas cylinder; 305. Airbag; 306. Connecting shell; 307. Locking block; 308. Locking groove; 4. Hole opening circumferential expansion support plate; 5. Alignment mechanism; 501. Groove; 502. Second lead screw; 503. Second telescopic spring; 504. Supporting circular plate; 505. Connecting seat; 506. Pulley; 507. Nut; 508. Strip groove; 509. Level; 510. Circular tube. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Please see Figure 1-7 The present invention provides a technical solution: an integrated hole protection and automatic interval charging device for blasting drilling, including a positioning rod 1, a hole protection mechanism 2 at the bottom of the positioning rod 1, and an interval mechanism 3 inside the hole protection mechanism 2; The hole protection mechanism 2 includes a first lead screw 201 fixedly connected to the bottom of the positioning rod 1. The outer side of the first lead screw 201 is provided with a plurality of hole wall circumferential expansion support plates 207. Both ends of the outer wall of the first lead screw 201 are provided with collars 202. The inner wall of the collars 202 is provided with threaded grooves 203, and the threaded grooves 203 are threadedly connected to the outer wall of the first lead screw 201. A plurality of first fixing seats 204 are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the outer wall of the collars 202. A first connecting rod 205 is rotatably connected to one side of each first fixing seat 204. A second fixing seat 206 is rotatably connected to the other end of each first connecting rod 205, and the other side of the second fixing seat 206 is fixedly connected to one side of the hole wall circumferential expansion support plate 207.

[0023] A second connecting rod 208 is fixedly connected between every two circumferential expansion and contraction support plates 207 of each hole wall, and circumferential serrations 209 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of each circumferential expansion and contraction support plate 207 of each hole wall.

[0024] The first lead screw 201 is located at the bottom of the positioning rod 1. Multiple circumferential expansion and contraction support plates 207 are provided on its outer side. Both ends of its outer wall are threadedly connected to collars 202 via threaded grooves 203. First fixing seats 204 are provided around the outer wall of each collar 202. A first connecting rod 205 is rotatably connected to one side of each first fixing seat 204. A second fixing seat 206 is rotatably connected to the other end of each first connecting rod 205. The second fixing seat 206 is connected to the inner wall of eight of the circumferential expansion and contraction support plates 207. A second connecting rod 208 is fixedly connected between every two circumferential expansion and contraction support plates 207. The second connecting rod 208 is used to connect the circumferential expansion and contraction support plates 207 to ensure synchronous displacement.

[0025] When using the device, it is first placed into the borehole. Rotating the first lead screw 201 causes it to move upwards, and the outer collar 202 moves downwards accordingly. This, through the first fixed seat 204, drives the second fixed seat 206 at the other end, pushing the borehole wall circumferential expansion support plate 207 outwards. Once the bottom borehole wall circumferential expansion support plate 207 is fully expanded, the threads continue to screw into the threaded structure of the upper borehole wall circumferential expansion support plate 207, driving the upper support plates to unfold sequentially, thus effectively supporting the borehole wall. Furthermore, the outer wall of the borehole wall circumferential expansion support plate 207 is provided with circumferential serrations 209. This structure enhances the engagement stability between adjacent support plates and the borehole wall, further improving the borehole wall support effect.

[0026] Furthermore, a net bag 210 is fixedly connected between every two adjacent circumferential expansion and contraction support plates 207 of the borehole wall, which serves to prevent the collapse of rock blocks from the borehole wall and causing blockage inside the deep borehole.

[0027] Furthermore, the spacing mechanism 3 includes a plurality of support rods 301 fixedly connected between two adjacent hole walls circumferentially expanding support plates 207, one of which has a top plate 303 fixedly connected to the top of one side, and a gas cylinder 304 is provided on the top of the top plate 303.

[0028] A button 302 is embedded in the middle of one side of the support rod 301, and the button 302 is connected in series with one end of the gas cylinder 304. One end of the gas cylinder 304 is fixedly connected to an air bag 305, and the air bag 305 is located at the top of the gas cylinder 304. A locking block 307 is fixedly connected to one side of the top plate 303. The locking block 307 is slidably connected to the locking groove 308 on the inner wall of the support rod 301. A connecting shell 306 is sleeved on the outer wall of the top plate 303.

[0029] When explosives are loaded into the hole, as the explosives accumulate to a designated height, the pressure presses the button 302 on one side of the support rod 301, which in turn activates the gas cylinder 304 to inflate the gas bag 305. The inflated gas bag 305 fills the corresponding space within the hole, thus achieving the interval filling effect of the explosives. During this process, the top plate 303 prevents accidental activation of the interval filling due to accidental pressing of the button 302.

[0030] Furthermore, one of the borehole wall circumferential expansion support plates 207 is fixedly connected to the top of the borehole circumferential expansion support plate 4, which is specifically used for supporting the borehole opening.

[0031] Furthermore, the alignment mechanism 5 includes multiple grooves 501 formed on the top of the positioning rod 1. A second lead screw 502 is fixedly connected to one side of the inner wall of each groove 501. A second telescopic spring 503 is sleeved on the outer wall of each second lead screw 502. A support circular plate 504 is inserted and connected to one end of each second lead screw 502. A connecting seat 505 is fixedly connected to one side of each support circular plate 504. A pulley 506 is rotatably connected to one side of each connecting seat 505. A nut 507 is threadedly connected to one end of the outer wall of each second lead screw 502.

[0032] A strip groove 508 is provided at the center of the top of the positioning rod 1, and a level 509 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the strip groove 508.

[0033] The outer wall of the positioning rod 1 is fitted with a round tube 510.

[0034] In use, after inserting the positioning rod 1 into the hole, its verticality can be calibrated using the leveling structure at its top. The top of the positioning rod 1 has a groove 501, within which a rotatable second lead screw 502 is installed. A second telescopic spring 503 is fitted onto the outer wall of the second lead screw 502, and its end is connected to a support circular plate 504. A pulley 506 is mounted on one side of the support circular plate 504 via a connecting seat 505. A nut 507 is also threaded onto the outer wall of the second lead screw 502. During operation, by observing the state of the level 509 at the top of the positioning rod 1, rotating the nut 507 on the outer wall of the second lead screw 502 causes the support circular plate 504 and pulley 506 to extend and retract. The contact between the pulley 506 and the hole wall adjusts the posture of the positioning rod 1, ensuring that the positioning rod 1 is vertically inserted into the hole, thereby guaranteeing the accuracy of the hole wall support and the stable expansion of the circumferential expansion support plate 207.

[0035] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the system embodiments are basically similar to the method embodiments, so the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the method embodiments.

[0036] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated hole protection and automatic interval charging device for blasting drilling, comprising a positioning rod (1), a hole protection mechanism (2) at the bottom of the positioning rod (1), an interval mechanism (3) inside the hole protection mechanism (2), and an alignment mechanism (5) at the top of the positioning rod (1). Its features are: The hole protection mechanism (2) includes a first lead screw (201) fixedly connected to the bottom of the positioning rod (1). The first lead screw (201) has multiple hole wall circumferential expansion support plates (207) on its outer side. Both ends of the outer wall of the first lead screw (201) are provided with collars (202). The inner wall of the collar (202) is provided with a threaded groove (203), and the threaded groove (203) is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the first lead screw (201). Multiple first fixing seats (204) are fixedly connected at equal intervals on the outer wall of the collar (202). A first connecting rod (205) is rotatably connected to one side of each first fixing seat (204). A second fixing seat (206) is rotatably connected to the other end of each first connecting rod (205), and the other side of the second fixing seat (206) is fixedly connected to one side of the hole wall circumferential expansion support plate (207).

2. The integrated hole protection and automatic interval charging device for blasting drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second connecting rod (208) is fixedly connected between each of the hole wall circumferential expansion support plates (207), and circumferential serrations (209) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of each of the hole wall circumferential expansion support plates (207).

3. The integrated hole protection and automatic interval charging device for blasting drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mesh bag (210) is fixedly connected between each pair of adjacent circumferential expansion and contraction support plates (207) of the hole wall.

4. The integrated hole protection and automatic interval charging device for blasting drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacing mechanism (3) includes a plurality of support rods (301) fixedly connected between two adjacent circumferential expansion and contraction support plates (207) of the hole wall, and a top plate (303) is fixedly connected to the top of one side of one of the support rods (301), and a gas cylinder (304) is provided on the top of the top plate (303).

5. The integrated hole protection and automatic interval charging device for blasting drilling according to claim 4, characterized in that: A button (302) is embedded in the middle of one side of the support rod (301), and the button (302) is connected in series with one end of the gas cylinder (304). One end of the gas cylinder (304) is fixedly connected to an air bag (305), and the air bag (305) is located on the top of the gas cylinder (304). A locking block (307) is fixedly connected to one side of one of the top plates (303). The locking block (307) is slidably connected to the locking groove (308) on the inner wall of the support rod (301). A connecting shell (306) is fitted on the outer wall of the top plate (303).

6. The integrated hole protection and automatic interval charging device for blasting drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: One of the hole wall circumferential expansion support plates (207) is fixedly connected to the top of the hole opening circumferential expansion support plate (4).

7. The integrated hole protection and automatic interval charging device for blasting drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alignment mechanism (5) includes multiple grooves (501) formed on the top of the positioning rod (1). A second lead screw (502) is fixedly connected to one side of the inner wall of each groove (501). A second telescopic spring (503) is sleeved on the outer wall of each second lead screw (502). A support circular plate (504) is inserted and connected to one end of each second lead screw (502). A connecting seat (505) is fixedly connected to one side of each support circular plate (504). A pulley (506) is rotatably connected to one side of each connecting seat (505). A nut (507) is threadedly connected to one end of the outer wall of each second lead screw (502).

8. The integrated hole protection and automatic interval charging device for blasting drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: A strip groove (508) is provided at the center of the top of the positioning rod (1), and a level (509) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the strip groove (508).

9. The integrated hole protection and automatic interval charging device for blasting drilling according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer wall of the positioning rod (1) is fitted with a round tube (510).

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