Soil greenhouse gas emission flux detection experiment system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of greenhouse gas detection, and particularly relates to a soil greenhouse gas emission flux detection experiment system, which drives a casing pipe to move up and down along a main shaft through an adjusting assembly, and drives a soil turning assembly to lift synchronously, so as to adjust the soil turning depth; during soil turning operation, the first motor drives the spindle to rotate, on one hand, the spindle drives the sleeve and the soil turning assembly to revolve around the axis of the spindle through the first transmission assembly, on the other hand, the soil turning assembly is driven to rotate through the second transmission assembly, and therefore the soil turning action is achieved. Through a lifting adjusting mechanism of the sleeve, the defect that the depth of a material turning claw is fixed in the prior art is overcome, the soil turning depth can be flexibly and accurately set according to different plant root system depths and experiment requirements, the plant root systems are effectively prevented from being damaged due to too deep soil turning, it is ensured that a soil conditioner can be evenly mixed with soil of the target depth, and the soil turning efficiency is improved. The adaptability of the experiment system and the accuracy and reliability of the detection result are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of greenhouse gas detection technology, and in particular relates to an experimental system for detecting greenhouse gas emission fluxes in soil. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of soil greenhouse gas emission flux detection technology, the static dark box method for monitoring potted soil is a common approach. The mechanical soil turning mechanism integrated into the static dark box is crucial for achieving uniform distribution of soil conditioner.

[0003] However, existing soil turning mechanisms typically operate at a fixed depth, and this inherent design flaw leads to significant limitations in practice: they cannot be flexibly adjusted according to different plant root depths or specific experimental needs. Furthermore, when dealing with soil conditioners that require deep mixing, the insufficient depth results in the conditioner only being distributed on the soil surface, failing to fully interact with soil microorganisms at the target depth, causing uneven mixing. This restricts the versatility and adaptability of the experimental system, making it difficult to guarantee the comparability and accuracy of test results under different experimental conditions, ultimately affecting the scientific evaluation of the emission reduction efficiency of soil conditioners based on this data.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an experimental system for detecting soil greenhouse gas emission fluxes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an experimental system for detecting soil greenhouse gas emission fluxes to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: A soil greenhouse gas emission flux detection experimental system includes: a top box, a potted plant placed below the top box, a soil turning mechanism for turning the soil in the potted plant placed inside the top box, and a sampling interface placed at the top of the top box. The soil-turning mechanism includes a first motor mounted on the top of the top box. A main shaft is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the first motor. The main shaft extends into the top box and has a sleeve coaxially mounted on its outer side. The first motor drives the sleeve to rotate through a first transmission component. An adjustment component for driving the sleeve to move up and down is also mounted on the top box. A soil-turning component is fixed to the outer wall of the sleeve. The soil-turning component is inclined downward along a direction away from the sleeve. The main shaft drives the soil-turning component through a second transmission component to achieve the soil-turning action.

[0007] In the soil greenhouse gas emission flux detection experimental system of the present invention, the first transmission component includes a first rotating ring fixed to the inner top wall of the top box, a first turntable coaxially rotatably connected inside the first rotating ring, the top end of a rotating cylinder coaxially fixed to the inner edge of the first turntable, a sleeve coaxially disposed inside the rotating cylinder, a slide rail vertically formed on the inner side wall of the rotating cylinder, a limit block slidably connected inside the slide rail, the limit block fixed to the outer side wall of the sleeve, a fourth pulley coaxially fixed to the outer side wall of the rotating cylinder, a third pulley connected to the fourth pulley via belt drive, the third pulley coaxially fixed to the output shaft of a reducer, the reducer fixed inside the top box, the input shaft of the reducer passing through the top box and coaxially fixed to a second pulley, the second pulley connected to a first pulley via belt drive, and the first pulley coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the first motor.

[0008] In the soil greenhouse gas emission flux detection experimental system of the present invention, the adjustment component includes a slide rail fixedly connected to the top box, the slide rail being vertically arranged, a threaded shaft being rotatably connected inside the slide rail, the top end of the threaded shaft passing through the top box and coaxially fixedly connected to a second bevel gear, the second bevel gear meshing with a first bevel gear, the first bevel gear being coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of a second motor, the second motor being fixedly connected to the top box, a slider being vertically slidably connected inside the slide rail, the slider being threadedly connected to the threaded shaft, the slider extending out of the slide rail and fixedly connected to a second rotating ring, a second turntable being coaxially rotatably connected inside the second rotating ring, and the second turntable being coaxially fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sleeve.

[0009] In the soil greenhouse gas emission flux detection experimental system of the present invention, the soil turning component includes a cover, which is fixedly installed on the sleeve by a fixing frame. The bottom end of the cover is open. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected inside the cover. The axis of the rotating shaft is parallel to one of the diameters of the sleeve. The rotating shaft is located at the lower part of the cover. Multiple cutting teeth are fixed to the outer side wall of the rotating shaft. The cutting teeth extend out of the bottom end opening of the cover. The rotating shaft is connected to the second transmission component for transmission.

[0010] In the soil greenhouse gas emission flux detection experimental system of the present invention, the second transmission component includes a protective shell fixed to one side of the cover, a second transmission shaft vertically rotatably connected inside the protective shell, a sixth bevel gear coaxially fixed to the bottom end of the second transmission shaft, the sixth bevel gear meshing with a third bevel gear, the third bevel gear fixed to one end of the rotating shaft extending into the protective shell, the top end of the second transmission shaft passing through the protective shell and coaxially fixed to a gear plate, the gear plate meshing with a fifth bevel gear, the fifth bevel gear coaxially fixed to one end of a first transmission shaft, the first transmission shaft being rotatably connected to the fixed frame via a fixed cylinder, and a fourth bevel gear coaxially fixed to the other end of the first transmission shaft, the fourth bevel gear meshing with a rack, the rack coaxially fixed to the bottom end of the main shaft.

[0011] In the soil greenhouse gas emission flux detection experimental system of the present invention, a third motor is fixedly connected to the top box, and the output shaft of the third motor extends into the top box and is fixedly installed with an impeller.

[0012] In the soil greenhouse gas emission flux detection experimental system of the present invention, a bulk material hopper is coaxially fixed to the outer wall of the sleeve, and the bulk material hopper is connected to two discharge ports, both of which are located at the lower part of the bulk material hopper and are centrally symmetrically arranged. A feed pipe is fixedly connected to the top box. The feed pipe is inclined and its lower end corresponds to the top opening of the bulk hopper. The upper end of the feed pipe extends out of the top box and is detachably connected to a sealing cover.

[0013] In the soil greenhouse gas emission flux detection experimental system of the present invention, a bottom box is provided at the bottom of the potted plant, and a circumferential rim is provided around the outer edge of the potted plant, the rim being located between the top box and the bottom box. The outer side wall of the bottom box is fixed with multiple hooks at equal intervals around the circumference. One end of each hook is attached to a hanging ring, and the other end of the hanging ring is hinged to the middle of the handle. The bottom end of the handle is hinged to the outer side wall of the top box.

[0014] In the soil greenhouse gas emission flux detection experimental system of the present invention, the top and bottom surfaces of the circumferential edge are provided with protrusions, and the bottom surface of the top box and the top surface of the bottom box are provided with grooves that are adapted to and corresponding to the protrusions, and the inner wall of the groove is attached with a rubber pad.

[0015] In the soil greenhouse gas emission flux detection experimental system of the present invention, the bottom box is filled with water, the bottom end of which is not submerged in the water, and the top end of the cotton thread extends into the soil of the potted plant.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: In this invention, when it is necessary to adjust the soil turning depth, the adjusting component drives the sleeve to move up and down along the main shaft axis, which in turn drives the soil turning component fixed to its outer wall to rise and fall synchronously, thereby realizing the adjustment of the soil turning depth. When performing soil turning operations, the first motor is started, which drives the main shaft to rotate. The main shaft drives the sleeve and the soil turning component to revolve around the main shaft axis through the first transmission component, and drives the soil turning component to rotate itself through the second transmission component, thereby realizing the soil turning action.

[0017] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of the fixed depth of the turning claw in the prior art by adjusting the lifting and lowering mechanism of the sleeve. It can flexibly and accurately set the turning depth according to different plant root depths and experimental needs, which not only effectively avoids damage to plant roots by turning too deep, but also ensures that the soil conditioner can be evenly mixed with the soil at the target depth, greatly improving the adaptability of the experimental system and the accuracy and reliability of the test results. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point C; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bulk hopper in this invention; The components are as follows: 1. Potted plant; 2. Top box; 3. Bottom box; 4. Interface; 5. First motor; 6. Second motor; 7. First bevel gear; 8. Second bevel gear; 9. Main shaft; 10. First pulley; 11. Second pulley; 12. Reducer; 13. Third motor; 14. Impeller; 15. Third pulley; 16. Feed pipe; 17. Slide rail; 18. Threaded shaft; 19. Slider; 20. Bulk hopper; 21. Cotton thread; 22. Sleeve; 23. Discharge port; 24. First rotating ring; 25. First turntable; 26. Rotary drum. 27. Fourth pulley; 28. Slide rail; 29. ​​Limiting block; 30. Second rotating ring; 31. Second turntable; 32. Hook; 33. Hanging ring; 34. Handle; 35. Groove; 36. Rubber pad; 37. Protrusion; 38. Fixing frame; 39. Third bevel gear; 40. Gear rack; 41. Cover; 42. Fixing cylinder; 43. First drive shaft; 44. Fourth bevel gear; 45. Fifth bevel gear; 46. Gear plate; 47. Rotating shaft; 48. Cutting tooth; 49. Second drive shaft; 50. Protective shell; 51. Sixth bevel gear. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] Reference Figures 1 to 5 The present invention discloses an experimental system for detecting greenhouse gas emission flux in soil, comprising: a top box 2, a potted plant 1 disposed below the top box 2, a soil turning mechanism for turning the soil in the potted plant 1 disposed inside the top box 2, and an interface 4 for sampling disposed at the top of the top box 2. The soil turning mechanism includes a first motor 5 located at the top of the top box 2. A main shaft 9 is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the first motor 5. The main shaft 9 extends into the top box 2 and a sleeve 22 is coaxially arranged on its outer side. The first motor 5 drives the sleeve 22 to rotate through a first transmission component. An adjustment component for driving the sleeve 22 to move up and down is also provided on the top box 2. A soil turning component is fixed to the outer wall of the sleeve 22. The soil turning component is inclined downward along the direction away from the sleeve 22. The main shaft 9 drives the soil turning component through a second transmission component to realize the soil turning action.

[0022] First, the sleeve 22 is moved axially along the main shaft 9 by adjusting the drive component, causing the soil-turning component fixed to it to rise and fall as a whole, so as to precisely set the turning depth. Then, the first motor 5 is started, which drives the main shaft 9 to rotate. The main shaft 9 drives the sleeve 22 and the soil-turning component to revolve around the main shaft axis through the first transmission component, and drives the soil-turning component to rotate itself through the second transmission component, so that its inclined downward part cuts into the soil and turns it. Through the rising and falling and combined movement of the sleeve 22, the turning depth is flexibly and steplessly adjusted, effectively solving the problem that fixed-depth soil-turning mechanisms are prone to damaging plant roots or uneven mixing, significantly improving the adaptability of the experimental system to different plants and experimental needs, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0023] In one alternative embodiment, the first transmission assembly includes a first rotating ring 24 fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the top box 2. A first turntable 25 is coaxially rotatably connected within the first rotating ring 24. The top end of a rotating cylinder 26 is coaxially fixedly connected to the inner edge of the first turntable 25. A sleeve 22 is coaxially disposed within the rotating cylinder 26. A slide rail 28 is vertically formed on the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 26. A limit block 29 is slidably connected within the slide rail 28 and is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sleeve 22. A fourth pulley 27 is coaxially fixed to the outer wall of the rotating drum 26. The fourth pulley 27 is connected to a third pulley 15 via belt drive. The third pulley 15 is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the reducer 12. The reducer 12 is fixed inside the top box 2. The input shaft of the reducer 12 passes through the top box 2 and is coaxially fixed to a second pulley 11. The second pulley 11 is connected to a first pulley 10 via belt drive. The first pulley 10 is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the first motor 5.

[0024] In one alternative, the first transmission component can be replaced by a gear transmission chain: a driving gear is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the first motor 5, and a driven large gear is coaxially fixed to the outer wall of the rotating drum 26. The driving gear and the driven large gear achieve meshing transmission through multiple transmission gears.

[0025] The first motor 5 transmits power to the reducer 12 via the first pulley 10, the second pulley 11, and a belt. After reduction and torque amplification, the reducer drives the rotating drum 26 to rotate via the third pulley 15, the fourth pulley 27, and a belt. The rotating drum 26, through the cooperation of its inner slide rail 28 and the limiting block 29, drives the sleeve 22 to rotate synchronously, while allowing the sleeve 22 to slide up and down along the slide rail 28 under the action of the adjusting component. The reducer 12 ensures that the soil-turning mechanism obtains sufficient torque, while the design of the slide rail and the limiting block decouples the rotational and lifting movements.

[0026] In one alternative embodiment, the adjusting assembly includes a slide rail 17 fixedly connected inside the top box 2. The slide rail 17 is vertically arranged, and a threaded shaft 18 is rotatably connected inside the slide rail 17. The top end of the threaded shaft 18 extends out of the top box 2 and is coaxially fixedly connected to a second bevel gear 8. The second bevel gear 8 meshes with a first bevel gear 7. The first bevel gear 7 is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of a second motor 6, which is fixedly connected to the top box 2. A slider 19 is vertically slidably connected inside the slide rail 17. The slider 19 is threadedly connected to the threaded shaft 18. The slider 19 extends out of the slide rail 17 and is fixedly connected to a second rotating ring 30. A second turntable 31 is coaxially rotatably connected inside the second rotating ring 30 and is coaxially fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sleeve 22.

[0027] The adjustment component can be a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder, with its cylinder body hinged to the inner top wall of the top box and the piston rod end hinged to the outer wall of a sleeve. By controlling the hydraulic or pneumatic drive to extend and retract the piston rod, the sleeve and the soil turning component can be directly pushed to rise and fall smoothly along the main shaft axis, realizing stepless adjustment of the soil turning depth.

[0028] The advantage of using a screw-slider structure is that it has a self-locking function.

[0029] The second motor 6 is started, and the first bevel gear 7 on its output shaft drives the second bevel gear 8, which meshes with it, to rotate, thereby rotating the threaded shaft 18. The slider 19, which meshes with the threaded shaft 18, moves vertically under the constraint of the slide rail 17, and then pushes the sleeve 22 up and down through the second rotating ring 30 and the second rotating disk 31. This adjustment assembly has a compact structure and accurately converts the rotational motion of the motor into the linear displacement of the sleeve, realizing convenient and reliable electric adjustment of the tilling depth.

[0030] In one alternative embodiment, the soil turning assembly includes a cover 41, which is fixedly mounted on the sleeve 22 by a fixing bracket 38. The bottom end of the cover 41 is open, and a rotating shaft 47 is rotatably connected inside the cover 41. The axis of the rotating shaft 47 is parallel to one of the diameters of the sleeve 22. The rotating shaft 47 is located at the lower part of the cover 41, and multiple cutting teeth 48 are fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the rotating shaft 47. The cutting teeth 48 extend out of the bottom end opening of the cover 41, and the rotating shaft 47 is connected to the second transmission assembly for transmission.

[0031] During soil turning, the second transmission assembly transmits power to the rotating shaft 47, driving multiple cutting teeth 48 on it to rotate within the housing 41. The cutting teeth 48 extend from the bottom opening of the housing and cut into the soil, turning it over. The housing 41 protects the cutting teeth 48 and makes the soil turning action more concentrated. This soil turning assembly converts rotational motion into effective soil cutting and spreading actions, with a simple structure and high efficiency.

[0032] In one alternative embodiment, the second transmission assembly includes a protective shell 50 fixed to one side of the cover 41. A second transmission shaft 49 is vertically rotatably connected inside the protective shell 50. A sixth bevel gear 51 is coaxially fixed to the bottom end of the second transmission shaft 49. The sixth bevel gear 51 meshes with a third bevel gear 39. The third bevel gear 39 is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft 47 that extends into the protective shell 50. The top end of the second transmission shaft 49 extends out of the protective shell 50 and is coaxially fixed to a gear disk 46. The gear disk 46 meshes with a fifth bevel gear 45. The fifth bevel gear 45 is coaxially fixed to one end of the first transmission shaft 43. The first transmission shaft 43 is rotatably connected to the fixed frame 38 via a fixed cylinder 42. A fourth bevel gear 44 is coaxially fixed to the other end of the first transmission shaft 43. The fourth bevel gear 44 meshes with a rack 40. The rack 40 is coaxially fixed to the bottom end of the main shaft 9.

[0033] The rack 40, fixed to the bottom of the main shaft 9, rotates with the main shaft, driving the fourth bevel gear 44, which meshes with it, to rotate. The power is transmitted to the gear disc 46 via the first transmission shaft 43 and the fifth bevel gear 45, driving the second transmission shaft 49 to rotate. Then, through the meshing of the sixth bevel gear 51 and the third bevel gear 39, the rotating shaft 47 and the cutting teeth 48 are finally driven to work. This multi-stage bevel gear transmission assembly successfully converts the vertical rotational motion of the main shaft 9 into the horizontal rotational motion of the rotating shaft 47 of the soil-turning component, with precise and reliable power transmission.

[0034] In one alternative, a third motor 13 is fixedly connected to the top box 2, and the output shaft of the third motor 13 extends into the top box 2 and is fixedly mounted with an impeller 14.

[0035] Before gas sampling, the third motor 13, fixed to the top chamber 2, is activated, and its output shaft directly drives the impeller 14 to rotate at high speed. The impeller 14 agitates the air inside the top chamber 2, causing the greenhouse gases released from the soil to mix quickly and evenly within the chamber. This design ensures the representativeness of the collected gas samples, effectively avoids detection errors caused by gas concentration stratification within the chamber, and improves the accuracy of the detection data.

[0036] In one alternative, a bulk material hopper 20 is coaxially fixed to the outer wall of the sleeve 22. The bulk material hopper 20 is connected to two discharge ports 23, both of which are located at the lower part of the bulk material hopper 20 and are arranged symmetrically at the center. A feed pipe 16 is fixedly connected to the top box 2. The feed pipe 16 is inclined and the lower end of the feed pipe 16 corresponds to the top opening of the bulk hopper 20. The upper end of the feed pipe 16 extends out of the top box 2 and is detachably connected to a sealing cover.

[0037] The soil conditioner is added through the feed pipe 16, the lower end of which corresponds to the top opening of the bulk hopper 20. After the conditioner falls into the bulk hopper 20, the hopper 20, rotating with the sleeve 22, uses centrifugal force to evenly distribute the material onto the soil surface through two centrally symmetrically arranged discharge ports 23. This structure achieves mechanized and uniform application of the soil conditioner, reduces human error, and improves experimental consistency.

[0038] In one alternative embodiment, the bottom of the potted plant 1 is provided with a bottom box 3, and the outer edge of the potted plant 1 is provided with a circumferential rim, which is located between the top box 2 and the bottom box 3. Multiple hooks 32 are fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the bottom box 3 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. One end of the hook 32 is attached to the hook 32, and the other end of the hook 33 is hinged to the middle of the handle 34. The bottom end of the handle 34 is hinged to the outer side wall of the top box 2.

[0039] The bottom box 3 is connected to the top box 2 via multiple hooks 32 and hanging rings 33 arranged circumferentially, and the handle 34 provides an operating fulcrum. This connection structure makes the top box 2, the potted plant 1 and the bottom box 3 form a stable whole, which facilitates the handling and positioning of the experimental device, while ensuring the stability of the sealing structure between the top box 2 and the potted plant 1, preventing the seal from failing due to shaking during operation.

[0040] In one alternative, the top and bottom surfaces of the rim are provided with protrusions 37 in the circumferential direction, and the bottom surface of the top box 2 and the top surface of the bottom box 3 are provided with grooves 35 in the circumferential direction that are adapted to and corresponding to the protrusions 37. The inner wall of the grooves 35 is attached with rubber pads 36.

[0041] The protrusions 37 on the top and bottom surfaces of the potted plant 1 interlock with the corresponding grooves 35 on the bottom surface of the top box 2 and the top surface of the bottom box 3, forming a labyrinthine sealing structure. The rubber gaskets 36 attached to the inner walls of the grooves 35 further enhance the sealing effect. This design effectively prevents gas leakage between the top box 2 and the external environment, ensuring the accuracy of the test results.

[0042] In one alternative, the bottom box 3 is filled with water, the bottom end of the cotton thread 21 is submerged in the water, and the top end of the cotton thread 21 extends into the soil of the pot 1.

[0043] The water in the bottom box 3 continuously supplies moisture to the bottom of the soil in the pot 1 through the capillary action of the cotton thread 21 submerged in the water. This structure can maintain a stable humidity environment for the soil in the pot 1, simulate more realistic soil conditions, ensure the stability of soil microbial activity throughout the experimental period, and thus reduce experimental variables introduced by changes in soil moisture.

[0044] At the start of the experiment, the top box 2 is placed over the potted plant 1 containing soil. The potted plant 1 is placed on the bottom box 3, with the protrusions 37 on its rim embedded in the grooves 35 on the bottom surface of the top box 2 and the top surface of the bottom box 3, respectively. The rubber gasket 36 ensures a tight seal. The bottom box 3 is filled with water, and the cotton thread 21 continuously supplies water to the soil of the potted plant 1 through capillary action. Next, soil conditioner is added to the system through the feed pipe 16, and the material falls into the bulk hopper 20 fixed to the sleeve 22. Subsequently, the second motor 6 is started, and the first bevel gear 7 on its output shaft drives the second bevel gear 8 to rotate the threaded shaft 18 in the slide rail 17, causing the threaded slider 19 to move vertically. This, in turn, pushes the sleeve 22 along the slide rail 28 in the rotating cylinder 26 through the second rotating ring 30 and the second rotating disk 31, thereby driving the soil turning assembly fixed to the sleeve 22, including the cover 41, the rotating shaft 47 and the blade teeth 48, to rise and fall as a whole, precisely setting the soil turning depth. After the depth is set, the first motor 5 is started. The first pulley 10 on its output shaft drives the second pulley 11 through a belt, transmitting power to the reducer 12. After reduction and torque amplification, the third pulley 15, the fourth pulley 27, and the belt drive the rotating drum 26 to rotate. The rotating drum 26 drives the sleeve 22 and the bulk hopper 20 to revolve around the axis of the main shaft 9 through the slide 28 and the limiting block 29. Centrifugal force evenly spreads the soil conditioner in the bulk hopper 20 onto the soil surface through the two discharge ports 23. At the same time, the first motor 5 drives the main shaft 9 to rotate. The toothed rod 40 fixed to the bottom of the main shaft 9 drives the fourth bevel gear 44 to rotate. Power is transmitted to the gear plate 46 through the first transmission shaft 43 and the fifth bevel gear 45, driving the second transmission shaft 49 to rotate. Then, through the meshing of the sixth bevel gear 51 and the third bevel gear 39, the rotating shaft 47 and its multiple cutting teeth 48 are finally driven to rotate at high speed, cutting and turning the soil, and evenly mixing the soil conditioner into the soil. After the soil is turned and homogenized, before gas sampling, the third motor 13 drives the impeller 14 to rotate at high speed, powerfully agitating the air inside the top chamber 2 to ensure uniform mixing of greenhouse gases. Finally, a gas sample is extracted through the interface 4 at the top of the top chamber 2 using a sampling device for analysis, completing the entire testing process. The entire system is securely connected and easily transported via hooks 32, hanging rings 33, and handles 34 on the outside of the bottom chamber 3.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0046] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental system for detecting soil greenhouse gas emission fluxes, characterized in that, include: Top box (2), a potted plant (1) is provided below the top box (2), a soil turning mechanism for turning the soil of the potted plant (1) is provided inside the top box (2), and an interface (4) for sampling is provided at the top of the top box (2). The soil turning mechanism includes a first motor (5) set at the top of the top box (2). A main shaft (9) is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the first motor (5). The main shaft (9) extends into the top box (2) and a sleeve (22) is coaxially set on its outer side. The first motor (5) drives the sleeve (22) to rotate through a first transmission component. An adjustment component for driving the sleeve (22) to move up and down is also provided on the top box (2). A soil turning component is fixed to the outer wall of the sleeve (22). The soil turning component is inclined downward along the direction away from the sleeve (22). The main shaft (9) drives the soil turning component to realize the soil turning action through a second transmission component.

2. The soil greenhouse gas emission flux detection experimental system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first transmission assembly includes a first rotating ring (24) fixed to the inner top wall of the top box (2), a first turntable (25) coaxially rotatably connected inside the first rotating ring (24), the top end of a rotating cylinder (26) coaxially fixed to the inner edge of the first turntable (25), the sleeve (22) coaxially disposed inside the rotating cylinder (26), a slide rail (28) vertically opened on the inner side wall of the rotating cylinder (26), a limit block (29) slidably connected inside the slide rail (28), the limit block (29) fixed to the outer side wall of the sleeve (22), and the rotating cylinder (26) A fourth pulley (27) is coaxially fixed to the outer wall of 6). The fourth pulley (27) is connected to a third pulley (15) via belt drive. The third pulley (15) is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the reducer (12). The reducer (12) is fixed inside the top box (2). The input shaft of the reducer (12) passes through the top box (2) and is coaxially fixed to a second pulley (11). The second pulley (11) is connected to a first pulley (10) via belt drive. The first pulley (10) is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the first motor (5).

3. The soil greenhouse gas emission flux detection experimental system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly includes a slide rail (17) fixed inside the top box (2). The slide rail (17) is vertically arranged. A threaded shaft (18) is rotatably connected inside the slide rail (17). The top end of the threaded shaft (18) extends out of the top box (2) and is coaxially fixed to a second bevel gear (8). The second bevel gear (8) meshes with a first bevel gear (7). The first bevel gear (7) is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of a second motor (6). The second motor (6) is fixed to the top box (2). A slider (19) is vertically slidably connected inside the slide rail (17). The slider (19) is threadedly connected to the threaded shaft (18). The slider (19) extends out of the slide rail (17) and is fixed to a second rotating ring (30). A second turntable (31) is coaxially rotatably connected inside the second rotating ring (30). The second turntable (31) is coaxially fixed to the outer wall of the sleeve (22).

4. The soil greenhouse gas emission flux detection experimental system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil turning assembly includes a cover (41), which is fixedly installed on the sleeve (22) by a fixing bracket (38). The bottom end of the cover (41) is open. A rotating shaft (47) is rotatably connected inside the cover (41). The axis of the rotating shaft (47) is parallel to one of the diameters of the sleeve (22). The rotating shaft (47) is located at the lower part of the cover (41). Multiple cutting teeth (48) are fixed on the outer side wall of the rotating shaft (47). The cutting teeth (48) extend out of the bottom end opening of the cover (41). The rotating shaft (47) is connected to the second transmission assembly.

5. The soil greenhouse gas emission flux detection experimental system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second transmission assembly includes a protective shell (50) fixed to one side of the cover (41). A second transmission shaft (49) is vertically rotatably connected inside the protective shell (50). A sixth bevel gear (51) is coaxially fixed to the bottom end of the second transmission shaft (49). The sixth bevel gear (51) meshes with a third bevel gear (39). The third bevel gear (39) is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft (47) that extends into the protective shell (50). The top end of the second transmission shaft (49) protrudes from the protective shell (50). And a gear disk (46) is coaxially fixed to it, the gear disk (46) meshes with a fifth bevel gear (45), the fifth bevel gear (45) is coaxially fixed to one end of a first transmission shaft (43), the first transmission shaft (43) is rotatably connected to the fixed frame (38) through a fixed cylinder (42), the other end of the first transmission shaft (43) is coaxially fixed to a fourth bevel gear (44), the fourth bevel gear (44) meshes with a rack (40), the rack (40) is coaxially fixed to the bottom end of the main shaft (9).

6. The soil greenhouse gas emission flux detection experimental system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A third motor (13) is fixedly connected to the top box (2), and the output shaft of the third motor (13) extends into the top box (2) and is fixedly installed with an impeller (14).

7. The soil greenhouse gas emission flux detection experimental system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bulk material hopper (20) is coaxially fixed to the outer wall of the sleeve (22). The bulk material hopper (20) is connected to two discharge ports (23). Both discharge ports (23) are located at the lower part of the bulk material hopper (20) and are arranged symmetrically at the center. A feed pipe (16) is fixedly connected to the top box (2). The feed pipe (16) is inclined. The lower end of the feed pipe (16) corresponds to the top opening of the bulk hopper (20). The upper end of the feed pipe (16) extends out of the top box (2) and is detachably connected to a sealing cover.

8. The soil greenhouse gas emission flux detection experimental system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the potted plant (1) is provided with a bottom box (3), and the outer edge of the potted plant (1) is provided with a circumferential rim, which is located between the top box (2) and the bottom box (3). The outer side wall of the bottom box (3) is fixed with multiple hooks (32) at equal intervals around the perimeter. One end of a hanging ring (33) is attached to each hook (32). The other end of the hanging ring (33) is hinged to the middle of the handle (34). The bottom end of the handle (34) is hinged to the outer side wall of the top box (2).

9. The soil greenhouse gas emission flux detection experimental system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The top and bottom surfaces of the rim are provided with protrusions (37) in the circumferential direction. The bottom surface of the top box (2) and the top surface of the bottom box (3) are provided with grooves (35) in the circumferential direction that are adapted to and corresponding to the protrusions (37). The inner wall of the groove (35) is attached with a rubber pad (36).

10. The soil greenhouse gas emission flux detection experimental system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom box (3) contains water, and the bottom end of the cotton thread (21) is submerged in the water. The top end of the cotton thread (21) extends into the soil of the potted plant (1).

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