Photovoltaic panel structure safety protection method, system, equipment and medium for regulating and controlling panel inclination angle based on PI control in severe weather

Abstract

The invention provides a photovoltaic panel structure safety protection method, system, equipment and medium for regulating and controlling the inclination angle of a panel based on a PI control strategy in severe weather, and the method comprises the steps: firstly, judging whether hail appears or not through data of sensors arranged at the periphery of a photovoltaic panel, and if yes, directly adjusting the panel of the photovoltaic panel to be in a vertical state; when encountering gale and snowstorm weather, real-time data such as wind conditions and snowfall within set time are transmitted to the control system; according to the input, judging whether the vertical or horizontal bearing capacity of the photovoltaic panel bracket reaches a preset threshold value or not; and calculating the wind load and snow load of the photovoltaic panel and the stress of the bracket when the threshold value is reached, and dynamically adjusting the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel in combination with a PI control strategy so as to reduce the stress of main components and protect the structural safety of the photovoltaic panel main body in severe weather.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic panel structural safety protection, and particularly relates to a method, system, equipment and medium for photovoltaic panel structural safety protection under severe weather conditions based on PI control strategy to regulate panel tilt angle. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the photovoltaic industry has experienced rapid development. In engineering projects, photovoltaic panels are often installed in open-air environments. When exposed to extreme weather conditions such as strong winds, blizzards, and hail, their structure may be damaged, affecting their service life and economic viability. However, current technologies lack corresponding protective measures. Therefore, to ensure the structural safety of photovoltaic panels throughout their designed lifespan, it is urgent to design a dynamic protection method that can intelligently cope with the adverse effects of various severe weather conditions, based on their structural characteristics and stress conditions.

[0003] Several published patents related to intelligent control of photovoltaic panels, such as CN117631701A and CN118157576A, mention technologies such as panel tilt angle adjustment. However, the original intention of these patents is to improve the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic panels, rather than to protect their structural safety. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The first objective of this invention is to provide a method for adjusting the tilt angle of a photovoltaic panel based on a PI control strategy to address the adverse effects of severe weather on the structural safety of the photovoltaic panel. It is expected that when encountering extreme weather such as strong winds, blizzards, and hail, the method will reduce the stress on the main components by statistically analyzing real-time monitoring data from multiple observation points distributed around the photovoltaic panel and combining it with a PI control strategy, thereby enhancing the structural safety of the photovoltaic panel throughout its design life.

[0005] Therefore, the above-mentioned objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for ensuring the structural safety of photovoltaic panels under severe weather conditions based on PI control to regulate the tilt angle of the panel includes the following steps:

[0007] S1: N meteorological observation points are set up around the photovoltaic panel to obtain real-time meteorological data around the photovoltaic panel, including wind speed, wind direction, and snowfall.

[0008] S2: When the control system determines that it is hail weather based on real-time meteorological data, the control system will directly issue an instruction to adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel to 90°, that is, to a vertical state, in order to minimize the impact of hail.

[0009] When the control system determines that the weather is strong wind or blizzard based on real-time meteorological data, the control system counts the average wind speed vector and snowfall within a set time t, calculates the wind load and snow load on the photovoltaic panel, and then obtains the vertical and horizontal bearing capacity of the photovoltaic panel support, and determines whether they have reached the preset threshold.

[0010] When the threshold is reached, the control system applies a PI control strategy to dynamically adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel to ensure the safety of the main structure.

[0011] While adopting the above technical solutions, the present invention may also adopt or combine the following technical solutions:

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: In step S2, the statistical process of average wind speed vector and snowfall during strong winds and blizzards is as follows:

[0013] Set the observation time to t, and record the wind speed at the above N observation points during this time period, denoted as t. Snowfall amount is h i Where i = 1, 2, ..., N; calculate the vector mean of the wind speed, denoted as v = (v x ,v y ,v z );

[0014] in,

[0015] Average snowfall And convert it into snowfall amount h per day. s ;

[0016] In step S2, the calculation process for wind load, snow load, and pre-set bearing capacity threshold of the photovoltaic panel during strong winds and blizzards is as follows:

[0017] (1) Let the design tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel be θ, and the azimuth angle be δ. Based on the above calculation, the average wind speed vector v = (v x ,v y ,v z The mean wind direction η = (cosα, cosβ, cosγ) is obtained.

[0018] in, This leads to the unit normal vector n = (sinθcosδ, sinθsinδ, cosθ);

[0019] (2) Calculate the angle between the average wind speed vector and the photovoltaic panel surface based on the normal vector n:

[0020]

[0021] This allows us to obtain the effective wind speed acting vertically on the photovoltaic panel:

[0022] u = |v|cosφ = v x sinθcosδ+v y sinθsinδ+v z cosθ

[0023] Its direction is along the normal vector n, pointing towards (windward) or away from (leeward) the photovoltaic panel surface;

[0024] (3) Calculate the wind load on the photovoltaic panel based on the effective wind speed u above:

[0025] F k =β z μ s μ z w0S

[0026] In the formula, w0 is the basic wind pressure, with the unit being kN / m. 2 The calculation formula is: Where ρ is the air density; μ z This is the wind pressure height variation coefficient. z represents the average height of the support frame above the ground;

[0027] μ s The wind load shape factor is calculated according to Table 8.3.1 of GB50009-2012, using the following formula:

[0028]

[0029] Among them, μ is taken when facing the wind. s The value is positive when the wind is blowing, and negative when the wind is blowing away.

[0030] β z Let z be the wind vibration coefficient at height z, which is taken as 1.0 for photovoltaic supports;

[0031] S is the area of ​​the photovoltaic panel;

[0032] (4) Based on the snowfall h s Calculate the snow load F on the photovoltaic panel. s :

[0033] F s =C s Ph s S

[0034] In the formula, C s P is the slope coefficient, and P is the average unit weight of snow, in N / m. 3 (The snow depth is 1m and the area is 1m²) 2 (gravity);

[0035] C s The formula for calculation is:

[0036]

[0037] (5) Calculate the total wind and snow load on the photovoltaic panel surface:

[0038]

[0039] in, The coefficient for the wind load combination value. The coefficient for the snow load combination value is taken as...

[0040] According to Newton's third law, the vertical bearing capacity F of the photovoltaic panel support is... v and horizontal bearing capacity F h :

[0041] F v =(F k +0.7F s cosθ, F h =(F k +0.7F s sinθ

[0042] In step S2, during strong winds and blizzards, the process of adjusting the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel using PI control is as follows:

[0043] (1) Based on the calculation of the real-time vertical bearing capacity F of the photovoltaic panel support v and horizontal bearing capacity F h The system is triggered when either the vertical or horizontal bearing capacity exceeds a pre-set threshold by comparing its various components.

[0044] In the control system, when the vertical bearing capacity F v When the value exceeds the threshold, calculate the difference ΔF between it and the corresponding threshold. v ;

[0045] Similarly, when the horizontal bearing capacity F h When the value is higher than the set threshold, calculate the difference ΔF between the two. h ;

[0046] (2) ΔF v or ΔF h The input is fed into the PI controller to obtain the output signal Δθ, which is the tilt angle adjustment range of the photovoltaic panel. The calculation formula is:

[0047]

[0048] Where Δθ is the adjustment range of the photovoltaic panel tilt angle, and K pT is an adjustable proportional coefficient. i It is an adjustable integration time constant;

[0049] In a PI control system, the tilt angle of the plate is adjusted based on each output signal Δθ, and a new input signal ΔF(t) is obtained by combining this with series correction. new This process is continuously updated, iterated, and corrected until the input signal is 0, at which point control ends.

[0050] The second objective of this invention is to provide a photovoltaic panel structure safety protection system for adverse weather conditions based on PI control to regulate the panel tilt angle.

[0051] Therefore, the above-mentioned objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0052] A photovoltaic panel structural safety protection system for severe weather conditions based on PI control to regulate panel tilt angle includes the following modules:

[0053] - Real-time meteorological data acquisition module, which is used to acquire real-time meteorological data around the photovoltaic panel, including wind speed, wind direction, and snowfall;

[0054] - A calculation and processing module, which is used to calculate and generate action commands based on real-time meteorological data:

[0055] When hail is detected, an action command is issued: adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel to 90°, that is, to a vertical position;

[0056] When the weather is identified as strong wind or blizzard, it is calculated whether a preset threshold has been reached. If the preset threshold has been reached, an action command is issued: apply the PI control strategy to dynamically adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel.

[0057] While adopting the above technical solutions, the present invention may also adopt or combine the following technical solutions:

[0058] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the calculation process for whether the pre-set threshold is reached is as follows:

[0059] The average wind speed vector and snowfall within a set time t are statistically analyzed to calculate the wind load and snow load on the photovoltaic panel surface, thereby obtaining the vertical and horizontal bearing capacity of the photovoltaic panel support and determining whether they have reached the preset threshold.

[0060] A third objective of this invention is to provide an electronic device comprising a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other via the communication bus, characterized in that:

[0061] The memory, which is used to store computer programs,

[0062] A processor is used to execute a computer program stored in a memory to implement the steps of the photovoltaic panel structure safety protection method under severe weather conditions based on PI control to regulate the panel tilt angle, as described above.

[0063] Another objective of this invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the photovoltaic panel structure safety protection method under severe weather conditions based on PI control to regulate the panel tilt angle as described above.

[0064] This invention provides a method, system, device, and medium for structural safety protection of photovoltaic panels under severe weather conditions by adjusting the tilt angle of the panel based on a PI control strategy. The method includes: first, determining whether hail has occurred based on data from sensors arranged around the photovoltaic panel; if so, directly adjusting the photovoltaic panel to a vertical position; when encountering strong winds or blizzards, transmitting real-time data such as wind conditions and snowfall within a set time period to the control system; based on the input, determining whether the vertical or horizontal bearing capacity of the photovoltaic panel support has reached a preset threshold; for cases where the threshold has been reached, calculating the wind load and snow load on the photovoltaic panel surface and the stress on the support, and then, in conjunction with the PI control strategy, dynamically adjusting the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel surface to reduce the stress on the main components and protect the structural safety of the photovoltaic panel body under severe weather conditions.

[0065] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0066] This invention can calculate the stress on the main structure of the photovoltaic panel based on real-time monitoring data from sensors arranged around the photovoltaic panel, including wind speed and snowfall. Combined with a PI control strategy, it can achieve intelligent dynamic adjustment of the panel tilt angle, protecting the structural safety of the photovoltaic panel under extreme weather conditions such as strong winds, blizzards, and hail. Attached Figure Description

[0067] Figure 1 The flowchart illustrates the photovoltaic panel structure safety protection method under severe weather conditions based on PI control to regulate the panel tilt angle, as provided by this invention.

[0068] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating the execution of the PI control strategy.

[0069] Figure 3 In the image, (a) is an isometric view of the photovoltaic panel at the designed tilt angle, and (b) is the corresponding side view.

[0070] Figure 4In the image, (a) is an isometric view of the photovoltaic panel after the panel tilt angle is dynamically adjusted according to weather conditions, and (b) is the corresponding side view. Detailed Implementation

[0071] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0072] A method for ensuring the structural safety of photovoltaic panels under severe weather conditions by adjusting the tilt angle of the panel using PI control, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it mainly includes: an observation module for real-time monitoring of weather conditions, an input module for inputting wind speed and snowfall data, a processing module for determining whether the load-bearing capacity of the photovoltaic panel support has reached a set threshold, and a control execution module for adjusting the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel based on a PI control strategy when the threshold is reached.

[0073] Step 1: Set up N observation points around the photovoltaic panel to obtain data such as wind speed, wind direction, and snowfall. When hail is detected, the control system will directly issue an instruction to adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel to 90°, that is, to a vertical state, in order to minimize the impact of hail.

[0074] Step 2: When encountering wind and snow, based on real-time monitoring data, calculate the average wind speed vector and snowfall (converted to the snowfall in a day) within a set time t (e.g., 10 minutes), and input them into the control system;

[0075] Based on the input, calculate the wind load and snow load on the photovoltaic panel surface; further, calculate the vertical force and water load borne by the photovoltaic panel support, and determine whether they reach the preset threshold.

[0076] When the threshold is reached, a PI control strategy is applied to dynamically adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel to ensure the safety of the main structure of the photovoltaic panel.

[0077] Step 2 is as follows:

[0078] Set the observation time to t, and record the wind speed at the above N observation points during this time period, denoted as t. Snowfall amount is h i , i = 1, 2, ..., N; calculate the vector mean of the wind speed, denoted as v = (v x ,v y ,v z ),

[0079] in,

[0080] Average snowfall was And convert it into snowfall amount h per day. s .

[0081] Let θ be the design tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel, and δ be the azimuth angle. Based on the above calculations, the average wind speed vector v = (v... x ,v y ,v z The mean wind direction η = (cosα, cosβ, cosγ) is obtained.

[0082] in, Therefore, the unit normal vector of the photovoltaic panel can be obtained as n = (sinθcosδ, sinθsinδ, cosθ);

[0083] Based on the above normal vector n, calculate the angle between the average wind speed vector and the normal vector of the photovoltaic panel:

[0084]

[0085] This allows us to obtain the equivalent wind speed acting perpendicularly to the photovoltaic panel:

[0086] u = |v|cosφ = v x sinθcosδ+v y sinθsinδ+v z cosθ

[0087] Its direction is along the normal vector, pointing towards (windward) or away from (leeward) the photovoltaic panel surface;

[0088] Based on the equivalent wind speed u above, calculate the wind load on the photovoltaic panel:

[0089] F k =β z μ s μ z w0S

[0090] In the formula, w0 is the basic wind pressure (kN / m). 2 ), Where ρ is the air density;

[0091] μ z This is the wind pressure height variation coefficient. z represents the average height of the support frame above the ground;

[0092] μ s The wind load shape factor is calculated according to Table 8.3.1 of GB50009-2012, using the following formula:

[0093]

[0094] When facing the wind, the positive value is used; when leeward, the negative value is used.

[0095] β z Let z be the wind vibration coefficient at height z, which is taken as 1.0 for photovoltaic supports;

[0096] S represents the area of ​​the photovoltaic panel.

[0097] Based on snowfall h s Calculate the snow load F on the photovoltaic panel. s :

[0098] F s =C s Ph s S

[0099] Where C s P is the slope coefficient; P is the average unit weight of snow (N / m²). 3 (The snow depth is 1m and the area is 1m²) 2 (gravity); C s The formula for calculation is:

[0100]

[0101] Calculate the total load borne by the photovoltaic panel:

[0102]

[0103] in, The coefficient for the wind load combination value. The coefficient for the snow load combination value is taken as...

[0104] Furthermore, according to Newton's third law, the vertical bearing capacity F of the photovoltaic panel support is obtained. v and horizontal bearing capacity F h :

[0105] F v =(F k +0.7F s cosθ, F h =(F k +0.7F s sinθ

[0106] For situations exceeding the set bearing capacity threshold, a PI control strategy is applied to dynamically adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel:

[0107] In this embodiment, the bearing capacity F0 of the support under the plate surface tilt angle θ0 is used as the threshold, and correspondingly, the vertical bearing capacity threshold is F. 0v =F0 cosθ, the horizontal bearing capacity threshold is F 0h =F0 sinθ.

[0108] Based on the real-time vertical bearing capacity F of the support v and horizontal bearing capacity F hBy comparing the values ​​of each component with the corresponding threshold, the control system is triggered when one component exceeds the threshold.

[0109] More specifically, in the control system, when the vertical bearing capacity F v Exceeding threshold F 0v Calculate the difference between the two: ΔF v =F v -F 0v Similarly, when the horizontal bearing capacity F h Higher than the set threshold F 0h Calculate the corresponding difference: ΔF h =F h -F 0h ;

[0110] ΔF v or ΔF h The input is fed into the PI controller to obtain the output signal Δθ, which is calculated as follows:

[0111]

[0112] Where Δθ is the adjustment range of the photovoltaic panel tilt angle, and K p T is an adjustable proportional coefficient. i It is an adjustable integral time constant.

[0113] In a PI control system, the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel is adjusted based on the output signal Δθ, and a new input signal ΔF(t) is obtained by combining this with series correction. new This process of continuous updating, iteration, and correction continues until the input signal reaches zero, at which point control ends, and the vertical or horizontal load-bearing capacity of the photovoltaic panel support returns to its normal range.

[0114] In this embodiment, the design life of the photovoltaic panel is 25 years, the design tilt angle of the panel is θ0 = 15°, the height of the support frame from the ground is z = 3m, and other dimensions are determined according to design specifications. Under these conditions, the front axonometric and side views of the main structure of the photovoltaic panel are detailed below. Figure 3 The vertical bearing capacity of the support is F. 0v =22kN, horizontal bearing capacity is F 0h =1.8kN, F 0v and F 0h Used as a threshold in a control system.

[0115] Four observation points are set up around the photovoltaic panel. When the sensors detect hail, the panel surface will quickly adjust from the designed tilt angle θ0 = 15° to a vertical state, i.e., θ = 90°.

[0116] The monitoring duration was set to 10 minutes. During strong winds and blizzards, wind speed vector data and snowfall were collected at four observation points, and the equivalent wind speed acting vertically on the photovoltaic panel was calculated. In this embodiment, a 50-year return period is used as a representative extreme weather condition. Substituting the data, the equivalent wind speed was found to be u = 2.6 m / s, and the wind pressure was... Snowfall amount is h s =0.09m.

[0117] Since the height of the support frame above the ground is z = 3m, the wind pressure height variation coefficient is... For a design tilt angle of θ0 = 15°, the wind load shape factor can be found in the table as μ. s = ±0.925, where positive is taken for windward and negative for leeward; slope coefficient C s =1.0.

[0118] Based on the above data, calculate the vertical bearing capacity F of the photovoltaic panel support. v and horizontal bearing capacity F h :

[0119] F v =(β) z μ s μ z w0S+0.7C s PhS)cosθ=20.36kN F h =(β) z μ s μ z w0S+0.7C s PhS)sinθ=2.65kN

[0120] For vertical bearing capacity F v It did not exceed the set threshold of 22kN;

[0121] Regarding the horizontal bearing capacity F h It has exceeded the set threshold of 1.8kN;

[0122] Therefore, it is necessary to activate PI control to adjust the plate tilt angle to reduce the horizontal load-bearing capacity and bring it back to a safe range below the threshold. Figure 2 As shown, the horizontal load-bearing capacity F of the support at this time is... h = 2.65kN and the corresponding threshold F 0h =1.8kN is input to the PI control system to obtain the output signal Δθ. Based on this, the tilt angle of the plate is adjusted, and combined with series correction, the process is continuously updated and iterated until the horizontal bearing capacity meets the requirements. In this embodiment, the final calculation result is F. h_new =1.78kN≤F 0h=1.8kN, corresponding to a panel tilt angle of θ = 10°. After adjusting the tilt angle, the isometric view and side view of the main structure of the photovoltaic panel are detailed below. Figure 4 .

[0123] This invention also provides a photovoltaic panel structure safety protection system for severe weather conditions based on PI control to regulate the panel tilt angle, comprising the following modules:

[0124] - Real-time meteorological data acquisition module, which is used to acquire real-time meteorological data around the photovoltaic panel, including wind speed, wind direction, and snowfall;

[0125] - A calculation and processing module, which is used to calculate and generate action commands based on real-time meteorological data:

[0126] When hail is detected, an action command is issued: adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel to 90°, that is, to a vertical position;

[0127] When the weather is identified as strong wind or blizzard, it is calculated whether a preset threshold has been reached. If the preset threshold has been reached, an action command is issued: apply the PI control strategy to dynamically adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel.

[0128] The calculation process for whether a pre-set threshold has been reached is as follows:

[0129] The average wind speed vector and snowfall within a set time t are statistically analyzed to calculate the wind load and snow load on the photovoltaic panel surface, thereby obtaining the vertical and horizontal bearing capacity of the photovoltaic panel support and determining whether they have reached the preset threshold.

[0130] The present invention also provides an electronic device, which includes a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other via the communication bus, characterized in that:

[0131] The memory, which is used to store computer programs,

[0132] A processor is used to execute a computer program stored in a memory to implement the steps of the photovoltaic panel structure safety protection method under severe weather conditions based on PI control to regulate the panel tilt angle, as described above.

[0133] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the photovoltaic panel structure safety protection method under severe weather conditions based on PI control to regulate the panel tilt angle as described above.

[0134] The above specific embodiments are used to explain and illustrate the present invention, and are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made to the present invention within the spirit and scope of the claims shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for ensuring the structural safety of photovoltaic panels under severe weather conditions by adjusting the tilt angle of the panel based on PI control, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: S1: N meteorological observation points are set up around the photovoltaic panel to obtain real-time meteorological data around the photovoltaic panel, including wind speed, wind direction, and snowfall. S2: When the control system determines that it is hail weather based on real-time meteorological data, the control system will directly issue an instruction to adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel to 90°, that is, to a vertical state. When the control system determines that the weather is strong wind or blizzard based on real-time meteorological data, the control system counts the average wind speed vector and snowfall within a set time t, calculates the wind load and snow load on the photovoltaic panel, and then obtains the vertical and horizontal bearing capacity of the photovoltaic panel support, and determines whether they have reached the preset threshold. When the threshold is reached, the control system applies a PI control strategy to dynamically adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel to ensure the safety of the main structure.

2. The method for ensuring the structural safety of photovoltaic panels under severe weather conditions based on PI control to regulate the tilt angle of the panel, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: In step S2, the statistical process for the average wind speed vector and snowfall during strong winds and blizzards is as follows: Set the observation time to t, and record the wind speed at the above N observation points during this time period, denoted as t. Snowfall amount is h i Where i = 1, 2, ..., N; calculate the vector mean of the wind speed, denoted as v = (v x ,v y ,v z ); in, Average snowfall And convert it into snowfall amount h per day. s ; In step S2, the calculation process for wind load, snow load, and pre-set bearing capacity threshold of the photovoltaic panel during strong winds and blizzards is as follows: (1) Let the design tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel be θ, and the azimuth angle be δ. Based on the above calculation, the average wind speed vector v = (v x ,v y ,v z The mean wind direction η = (cosα, cosβ, cosγ) is obtained. in, This leads to the unit normal vector n = (sinθcosδ, sinθsinδ, cosθ); (2) Calculate the angle between the average wind speed vector and the photovoltaic panel surface based on the normal vector n: This allows us to obtain the effective wind speed acting vertically on the photovoltaic panel: u=|v|cosφ=v x sinθcosδ+v y sinθsinδ+v z cosθ Its direction is along the normal vector n, pointing towards or away from the photovoltaic panel surface; (3) Calculate the wind load on the photovoltaic panel based on the effective wind speed u above: F k =b z m s m z w0S In the formula, w0 is the basic wind pressure, with the unit being kN / m. 2 The calculation formula is: Where ρ is the air density; μ z This is the wind pressure height variation coefficient. z represents the average height of the support frame above the ground; μ s The wind load shape factor is calculated as follows: Among them, μ is taken when facing the wind. s The value is positive when the wind is blowing, and negative when the wind is blowing away. β z Let z be the wind vibration coefficient at height z, which is taken as 1.0 for photovoltaic supports; S is the area of ​​the photovoltaic panel; (4) Based on the snowfall h s Calculate the snow load F on the photovoltaic panel. s : F s =C s Ph s S In the formula, C s P is the slope coefficient, and P is the average unit weight of snow, in N / m. 3 ; C s The formula for calculation is: (5) Calculate the total wind and snow load on the photovoltaic panel surface: in, The coefficient for the wind load combination value. The coefficient for the snow load combination value is taken as... According to Newton's third law, the vertical bearing capacity F of the photovoltaic panel support is... v and horizontal bearing capacity F h : F v =(F k +0.7F s )cosθ,F h =(F k +0.7F s )sinθ In step S2, during strong winds and blizzards, the process of adjusting the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel using PI control is as follows: (1) Based on the calculation of the real-time vertical bearing capacity F of the photovoltaic panel support v and horizontal bearing capacity F h The system is triggered when either the vertical or horizontal bearing capacity exceeds a pre-set threshold by comparing its various components. In the control system, when the vertical bearing capacity F v When the value exceeds the threshold, calculate the difference ΔF between it and the corresponding threshold. v ; Similarly, when the horizontal bearing capacity F h When the value is higher than the set threshold, calculate the difference ΔF between the two. h ; (2) ΔF v or ΔF h The input is fed into the PI controller to obtain the output signal Δθ, which is the tilt angle adjustment range of the photovoltaic panel. The calculation formula is: Where Δθ is the adjustment range of the photovoltaic panel tilt angle, and K p T is an adjustable proportional coefficient. i It is an adjustable integration time constant; In a PI control system, the tilt angle of the plate is adjusted based on each output signal Δθ, and a new input signal ΔF(t) is obtained by combining this with series correction. new This process is continuously updated, iterated, and corrected until the input signal is 0, at which point control ends.

3. A photovoltaic panel structural safety protection system for severe weather conditions based on PI control to regulate panel tilt angle, characterized in that: The system includes the following modules: - Real-time meteorological data acquisition module, which is used to acquire real-time meteorological data around the photovoltaic panel, including wind speed, wind direction, and snowfall; - A calculation and processing module, which is used to calculate and generate action commands based on real-time meteorological data: When hail is detected, an action command is issued: adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel to 90°, that is, to a vertical position; When the weather is identified as strong wind or blizzard, it is calculated whether a preset threshold has been reached. If the preset threshold has been reached, an action command is issued: apply the PI control strategy to dynamically adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel.

4. The photovoltaic panel structure safety protection system under severe weather conditions based on PI control to regulate panel tilt angle as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The calculation process for whether a pre-set threshold has been reached is as follows: The average wind speed vector and snowfall within a set time t are statistically analyzed to calculate the wind load and snow load on the photovoltaic panel surface, thereby obtaining the vertical and horizontal bearing capacity of the photovoltaic panel support and determining whether they have reached the preset threshold.

5. An electronic device, comprising a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other via the communication bus, characterized in that: The memory, which is used to store computer programs, A processor, wherein the processor is configured to execute a computer program stored in a memory to implement the steps of the photovoltaic panel structure safety protection method under severe weather conditions based on PI control to regulate the panel tilt angle as described in claim 1 or 2.

6. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the photovoltaic panel structure safety protection method under severe weather conditions based on PI control to regulate the panel tilt angle as described in claim 1 or 2.

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