Random access response generation method and timing advance time determination method and device

Abstract

Provided are a random access response generation method, a timing advance time determination method and apparatus, applied to the technical field of communications, the random access response generation method comprising: after detecting a random access preamble sent by a terminal, generating a random access response, the random access response carrying a timing advance field, and sending the timing advance field to the terminal; the timing advance field comprises a sign bit, an index bit and a numerical value bit, the value of the sign bit is used for indicating the sign of the timing advance time, the value of the index bit is used for indicating the index part of the timing advance time, and the value of the numerical value bit is used for indicating the numerical value part of the timing advance time; and sending the random access response to the terminal. In the scheme, the timing advance field is designed into a structure comprising the sign bit, the index bit and the numerical value bit, so that the single signaling can simultaneously indicate the positive and negative values, the measuring range and the accurate value of the timing advance time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and more specifically, to a method for generating a random access response, a method for determining a timing advance time, and an apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] In 5G-based wireless communication networks, terminals and base stations must achieve time synchronization for normal communication. In existing technologies, terminals achieve this synchronization through a random access procedure. During this process, the base station uses a fixed number of bits to represent the uplink time offset, and the representation method is a direct conversion from decimal to binary. This representation method is applicable to terrestrial communication networks, but in high-latency scenarios such as non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) (e.g., satellite communication, high-altitude platform communication), if the delay of the Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) signal after delay pre-compensation is significant, the terminal will be unable to access the network. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a method for generating a random access response, a method and apparatus for determining the timing advance time, in order to solve the technical problem in the prior art that if the delay of the PRACH signal after delay pre-compensation is large, the terminal will be unable to access the network.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for generating a random access response, applied to a base station, comprising: generating a random access response after detecting a random access preamble sent by a terminal, wherein the random access response carries a timing advance field, the timing advance field including a sign bit, an exponent bit, and a value bit, the value of the sign bit being used to indicate the sign of the timing advance time, the value of the exponent bit being used to indicate the exponent portion of the timing advance time, and the value of the value bit being used to indicate the value portion of the timing advance time; and sending the random access response to the terminal.

[0005] In the above scheme, by designing the timing advance field to include a sign bit, an exponent bit, and a value bit, a single signaling signal can simultaneously indicate the sign, range, and precise value of the timing advance time. Specifically, the sign bit can accurately indicate the positive or negative attribute of the timing advance time, solving the problem that negative delays may not be transmitted after terminal delay pre-compensation in high-latency scenarios; the exponent bit can significantly expand the representation range of the timing advance time, avoiding terminal access failure caused by the delay value exceeding the representation capability of existing technology when the pre-compensation error is large; the value bit can accurately represent the magnitude of the timing advance time. Therefore, even if the delay of the PRACH signal is large after delay pre-compensation, the terminal can still access the network normally, thereby significantly improving the access success rate and reliability of the system in complex scenarios.

[0006] In an optional implementation, before generating the random access response, the method further includes configuring a maximum tolerance error, wherein the maximum tolerance error is used to constrain the maximum representation error of the timing advance time. In the above scheme, by configuring a maximum tolerance error before generating the random access response and using this maximum tolerance error to constrain the maximum representation error of the timing advance time, a clear system-level constraint is provided for the quantization accuracy of the timing advance time, thereby fundamentally avoiding inter-symbol interference caused by excessive quantization error and ensuring communication quality.

[0007] In an optional implementation, before generating the random access response, the method further includes: extending the preamble detection window forward so that the preamble detection window can detect the random access preamble. In the above scheme, by extending the preamble detection window forward, the time range during which the random access preamble may arrive early can be covered, enabling the base station to accurately capture the early-arriving preamble. This avoids errors in subsequent timing advance calculations due to the preamble not being detected or being misjudged, improving the effectiveness of random access preamble detection and the accuracy of subsequent timing adjustments in satellite scenarios.

[0008] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a method for determining timing advance time, applied to a terminal, comprising: receiving a random access response sent by a base station, wherein the random access response carries a timing advance field, the timing advance field including a sign bit, an exponent bit, and a value bit, the value of the sign bit being used to indicate the sign of the timing advance time, the value of the exponent bit being used to indicate the exponent portion of the timing advance time, and the value of the value bit being used to indicate the value portion of the timing advance time; parsing the random access response to obtain the value of the sign bit, the value of the exponent bit, and the value of the value bit; and determining the timing advance time based on the value of the sign bit, the value of the exponent bit, the value of the value bit, and a reference time unit.

[0009] In the above scheme, by designing the timing advance field to include a sign bit, an exponent bit, and a value bit, a single signaling signal can simultaneously indicate the sign, range, and precise value of the timing advance time. Specifically, the sign bit can accurately indicate the positive or negative attribute of the timing advance time, solving the problem that negative delays may not be transmitted after terminal delay pre-compensation in high-latency scenarios; the exponent bit can significantly expand the representation range of the timing advance time, avoiding terminal access failure caused by the delay value exceeding the representation capability of existing technology when the pre-compensation error is large; the value bit can accurately represent the magnitude of the timing advance time. Therefore, even if the delay of the PRACH signal is large after delay pre-compensation, the terminal can still access the network normally, thereby significantly improving the access success rate and reliability of the system in complex scenarios.

[0010] In an optional implementation, determining the timing advance time based on the values ​​of the sign bit, the exponent bit, the numeric bit, and the reference time unit includes: determining the timing advance time as the product of the values ​​of the sign bit, the exponent bit, the numeric bit, and the reference time unit. In the above scheme, by directly multiplying the sign bit value, the exponent bit value, the numeric bit value, and the reference time unit, the terminal can quickly obtain the final time adjustment value with extremely low computational complexity, which helps reduce terminal power consumption and processing latency.

[0011] In an optional implementation, before receiving the random access response sent by the base station, the method further includes: obtaining a maximum tolerance error, wherein the maximum tolerance error is used to determine the reference time unit. In the above scheme, obtaining the maximum tolerance error before sending the random access preamble ensures that the reference time unit accurately reflects the system's tolerance limit for delay errors, thereby guaranteeing that the calculation accuracy of the timing advance time meets system requirements.

[0012] In an optional implementation, determining the timing advance time as the product of the sign bit value, the exponent bit value, the numeric bit value, and the reference time unit includes: determining the timing advance time according to the following formula: ; in, This indicates the timing advance time. This indicates the value of the sign bit. This indicates the value of the sign bit. This indicates the value of the exponent bit. This indicates the number of bits in the exponent. Indicates the first of the exponent bits The value of each bit, This indicates the value of the numerical bit. This indicates the number of bits in the numerical value. Indicates the digit of the numerical value. The value of each bit, The reference time unit is represented by this. In the above scheme, the calculation process of timing advance time is defined by a clear mathematical formula, which clearly links each part of the signaling to the reference time unit. A large dynamic range is achieved through the amplification effect of the exponential bits, and the precision is guaranteed by the numerical bits. Thus, high-precision and wide-range delay adjustment is achieved with a limited number of signaling bits.

[0013] In an optional implementation, the reference time unit is determined according to the following formula: ; , This represents the maximum tolerance error. In the above scheme, the mathematical relationship between the reference time unit, the maximum tolerance error, and the number of exponent bits is clearly defined. By using the number of exponent bits to normalize the reference unit, the maximum representation error is precisely constrained within the maximum tolerance error, achieving proactive error control and reliable system performance assurance.

[0014] In an optional implementation, before receiving the random access response from the base station, the method further includes: sending a random access preamble to the base station based on a round-trip time delay estimate and a preset duration, wherein the preset duration is used to enable the base station's preamble detection window to detect the random access preamble. In the above scheme, the random access preamble is sent in conjunction with the preset duration based on the round-trip time delay estimate; that is, the terminal delays the random access preamble by a fixed preset duration when sending it, thereby ensuring that the base station's preamble detection window can detect the random access preamble.

[0015] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a random access response generation apparatus applied to a base station, comprising: a generation module, configured to generate a random access response after detecting a random access preamble sent by a terminal, wherein the random access response carries a timing advance field, the timing advance field including a sign bit, an exponent bit, and a value bit, the value of the sign bit being used to indicate the sign of the timing advance time, the value of the exponent bit being used to indicate the exponent portion of the timing advance time, and the value of the value bit being used to indicate the value portion of the timing advance time; and a first transmission module, configured to transmit the random access response to the terminal.

[0016] In the above scheme, by designing the timing advance field to include a sign bit, an exponent bit, and a value bit, a single signaling signal can simultaneously indicate the sign, range, and precise value of the timing advance time. Specifically, the sign bit can accurately indicate the positive or negative attribute of the timing advance time, solving the problem that negative delays may not be transmitted after terminal delay pre-compensation in high-latency scenarios; the exponent bit can significantly expand the representation range of the timing advance time, avoiding terminal access failure caused by the delay value exceeding the representation capability of existing technology when the pre-compensation error is large; the value bit can accurately represent the magnitude of the timing advance time. Therefore, even if the delay of the PRACH signal is large after delay pre-compensation, the terminal can still access the network normally, thereby significantly improving the access success rate and reliability of the system in complex scenarios.

[0017] In an optional implementation, the random access response generation device further includes a configuration module for configuring a maximum tolerance error, wherein the maximum tolerance error is used to constrain the maximum representation error of the timing advance time. In the above scheme, by configuring the maximum tolerance error before generating the random access response and using this maximum tolerance error to constrain the maximum representation error of the timing advance time, a clear system-level constraint is provided for the quantization accuracy of the timing advance time, thereby fundamentally avoiding inter-symbol interference caused by excessive quantization error and ensuring communication quality.

[0018] In an optional implementation, the random access response generation device further includes an extension module for extending the preamble detection window forward, so that the preamble detection window can detect the random access preamble. In the above scheme, by extending the preamble detection window forward, the time range during which the random access preamble may arrive early can be covered, enabling the base station to accurately capture the early-arriving preamble. This avoids errors in subsequent timing advance calculations due to the preamble not being detected or misjudged, improving the effectiveness of random access preamble detection and the accuracy of subsequent timing adjustments in satellite scenarios.

[0019] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a timing advance time determination device applied to a terminal, comprising: a receiving module for receiving a random access response sent by a base station, wherein the random access response carries a timing advance field, the timing advance field including a sign bit, an exponent bit, and a value bit, the value of the sign bit indicating the sign of the timing advance time, the value of the exponent bit indicating the exponent portion of the timing advance time, and the value of the value bit indicating the value portion of the timing advance time; a parsing module for parsing the random access response to obtain the value of the sign bit, the value of the exponent bit, and the value of the value bit; and a determining module for determining the timing advance time based on the value of the sign bit, the value of the exponent bit, the value of the value bit, and a reference time unit.

[0020] In the above scheme, by designing the timing advance field to include a sign bit, an exponent bit, and a value bit, a single signaling signal can simultaneously indicate the sign, range, and precise value of the timing advance time. Specifically, the sign bit can accurately indicate the positive or negative attribute of the timing advance time, solving the problem that negative delays may not be transmitted after terminal delay pre-compensation in high-latency scenarios; the exponent bit can significantly expand the representation range of the timing advance time, avoiding terminal access failure caused by the delay value exceeding the representation capability of existing technology when the pre-compensation error is large; the value bit can accurately represent the magnitude of the timing advance time. Therefore, even if the delay of the PRACH signal is large after delay pre-compensation, the terminal can still access the network normally, thereby significantly improving the access success rate and reliability of the system in complex scenarios.

[0021] In an optional implementation, the determining module is specifically used to: determine the timing advance time by multiplying the value of the sign bit, the value of the exponent bit, the value of the numeric bit, and the reference time unit. In the above scheme, by directly multiplying the sign bit value, the exponent bit value, the numeric bit value, and the reference time unit, the terminal can quickly obtain the final time adjustment value with extremely low computational complexity, which helps to reduce terminal power consumption and processing latency.

[0022] In an optional implementation, the device for determining the timing advance time further includes: an acquisition module for acquiring the maximum tolerance error, wherein the maximum tolerance error is used to determine the reference time unit. In the above scheme, acquiring the maximum tolerance error before sending the random access preamble ensures that the reference time unit accurately reflects the system's tolerance limit for delay errors, thereby guaranteeing that the calculation accuracy of the timing advance time meets system requirements.

[0023] In an optional implementation, the determining module is specifically used to: determine the timing advance time according to the following formula: ; in, This indicates the timing advance time. This indicates the value of the sign bit. This indicates the value of the sign bit. This indicates the value of the exponent bit. This indicates the number of bits in the exponent. Indicates the first of the exponent bits The value of each bit, This indicates the value of the numerical bit. This indicates the number of bits in the numerical value. Indicates the digit of the numerical value. The value of each bit, The reference time unit is represented by this. In the above scheme, the calculation process of timing advance time is defined by a clear mathematical formula, which clearly links each part of the signaling to the reference time unit. A large dynamic range is achieved through the amplification effect of the exponential bits, and the precision is guaranteed by the numerical bits. Thus, high-precision and wide-range delay adjustment is achieved with a limited number of signaling bits.

[0024] In an optional implementation, the reference time unit is determined according to the following formula: ; , This represents the maximum tolerance error. In the above scheme, the mathematical relationship between the reference time unit, the maximum tolerance error, and the number of exponent bits is clearly defined. By using the number of exponent bits to normalize the reference unit, the maximum representation error is precisely constrained within the maximum tolerance error, achieving proactive error control and reliable system performance assurance.

[0025] In an optional implementation, the timing advance determination device further includes a second transmission module, configured to transmit a random access preamble to the base station based on a round-trip delay estimate and a preset duration, wherein the preset duration is used to ensure that the base station's preamble detection window can detect the random access preamble. In the above scheme, the random access preamble is transmitted in conjunction with the preset duration based on the round-trip delay estimate; that is, the terminal delays the transmission of the random access preamble by a fixed preset duration, thereby ensuring that the base station's preamble detection window can detect the random access preamble.

[0026] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product, including computer program instructions, which, when read and executed by a processor, perform a random access response generation method as described in the first aspect or a timing advance time determination method as described in the second aspect.

[0027] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including: a processor, a memory, and a bus; the processor and the memory communicate with each other via the bus; the memory stores computer program instructions executable by the processor, and the processor can execute the computer program instructions to perform a random access response generation method as described in the first aspect or a timing advance time determination method as described in the second aspect.

[0028] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer program instructions. When the computer program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer causes the computer to perform the random access response generation method as described in the first aspect or the timing advance time determination method as described in the second aspect.

[0029] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, embodiments of this application are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This application provides a flowchart of a method for generating a random access response. Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a method for determining a timing advance time in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 A structural block diagram of a random access response generation device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 A structural block diagram of a timing advance time determination device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a structural block diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0032] In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or," for example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in this document is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Furthermore, "at least one" means one or more, and "multiple" means two or more. The terms "first," "second," etc., do not limit the quantity or order of execution, and "first," "second," etc., do not necessarily imply differences.

[0033] It should be noted that, in this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0034] Before describing the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the communication system of the embodiments of this application will first be described. The communication system provided in the embodiments of this application includes an access device and a terminal. In the specific implementation of the embodiments of this application, the terminal can be a computer, smartphone, telephone, cable TV set-top box, digital subscriber line router, etc. The access device can be one of a terrestrial base station, a high-altitude base station, a low-Earth orbit satellite, a medium-Earth orbit satellite, or a high-Earth orbit satellite. It should be noted that in practical applications, the number of access devices and terminals can be one or more, and this application does not limit this.

[0035] The aforementioned communication systems can be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, New Radio (NR) systems (also known as 5G systems), LTE and NR hybrid networking systems, Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) systems, Device-to-Device (D2D) systems, Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication systems, Internet of Things (IoT) systems (such as Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) systems), 6G systems, and other systems evolving after 5G, as well as other next-generation communication systems. Alternatively, the communication system can also be an Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN or ORAN), a Cloud Radio Access Network (CRAN), or a Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) system, without limitation.

[0036] Furthermore, the access equipment can be used to support terminal access. For example, it can be ground-based equipment such as Base Transceiver Stations (BTS) and Base Station Controllers (BSCs) in 2G access technology communication systems, Node Bs (RNCs) and Radio Network Controllers (RNCs) in 3G access technology communication systems, Evolved Node Bs (eNBs) in 4G access technology communication systems, Next Generation Node Bs (gNBs), Transmission Reception Points (TRPs), Relay Nodes, and Access Points (APs) in 5G access technology communication systems. It can also be non-ground-based equipment: high-altitude base stations, such as hot air balloons that provide wireless access functionality to terminals, low-Earth orbit satellites, medium-Earth orbit satellites, high-Earth orbit satellites, etc. For ease of description, in all embodiments of this application, the device providing wireless communication functionality to the terminal is collectively referred to as a base station.

[0037] A terminal can be a device that provides voice or data connectivity to a user, and may also be referred to as a mobile station, subscriber unit, station, or terminal equipment (TE). Terminals can be cellular phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), modems, handheld devices, laptop computers, cordless phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, tablets, etc. With the development of wireless communication technology, any device that can access a communication system, communicate with the network side of the communication system, or communicate with other objects through the communication system can be a terminal in the embodiments of this application. Examples include terminals and vehicles in intelligent transportation systems, home appliances in smart homes, electricity meter reading instruments, voltage monitoring instruments, environmental monitoring instruments in smart grids, video surveillance instruments in smart security networks, cash registers, etc. In the embodiments of this application, the terminal can communicate with a base station. Multiple terminals can also communicate with each other. The terminal can be static or mobile.

[0038] Furthermore, the "protocol" mentioned in the embodiments of this application can refer to standard protocols in the field of communications, such as LTE protocols, NR protocols, and related protocols applied in future communication systems (e.g., 6G communication systems). The embodiments of this application do not limit this. The communication architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art will understand that with the evolution of communication architectures and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0039] In 5G-based wireless communication networks, terminals and base stations must achieve time synchronization for normal communication. In existing technologies, terminals achieve time synchronization with base stations through a random access procedure. This process involves the terminal first receiving downlink cell broadcast signals from the base station to achieve downlink time synchronization. Then, the terminal transmits a PRACH signal to the base station. Upon receiving the PRACH signal, the base station estimates the uplink time offset and sends it to the terminal via a Random Access Response (RAR) with a timing advance (TA). Finally, the terminal adjusts its uplink signal transmission time based on the received time offset to achieve uplink time synchronization.

[0040] In the above process of the prior art, the base station uses a fixed number of bits to represent the uplink time offset value, and the representation method is to directly convert decimal to binary. For example, in the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) 38.213 (Release 17), RAR TA uses 12 bits to represent the delay of 0, 1, 2, ..., 3846 units of time for the terminal to transmit the uplink PRACH signal.

[0041] In terrestrial networks, because the coverage area of ​​base stations is relatively small (often not exceeding 10km), the air interface delay between base stations and terminals is also relatively small. When terminals transmit PRACH signals, they do not need to perform delay pre-compensation (that is, transmit PRACH in advance to offset air interface delay). Therefore, the delay of PRACH signals received by base stations is always positive (the delay is positive when the signal arrives later than the predetermined time, and negative when it arrives earlier). This also requires that the range of PRACH delay estimation be greater than the round-trip air interface delay.

[0042] In high-latency wireless communication scenarios (e.g., NTN), the distance between the base station and the terminal is large (reaching hundreds to thousands of kilometers), resulting in a round-trip air-to-ground delay far exceeding the range that the PRACH signal can represent. Therefore, in NTN systems, the terminal needs to perform delay pre-compensation based on the base station's location and motion information when transmitting the PRACH signal. However, since ephemeris information often has errors, the PRACH delay after pre-compensation can be either positive or negative, and the absolute value of the delay can be very large.

[0043] Based on the above analysis, the existing RAR TA has the following drawbacks: 1. Because it cannot represent negative latency, if the PRACH arrives at the base station earlier after latency pre-compensation, the existing RAR TA cannot correctly transmit the latency value; 2. Because the range of latency values ​​is limited, if the PRACH latency is large after latency pre-compensation, the existing RAR TA cannot correctly transmit the latency value. The inability to correctly transmit the latency value indicates that the error between the latency value represented by RAR TA and the actual value exceeds the system's allowable range, at which point the terminal will be unable to access the network.

[0044] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a method for generating a random access response and a method for determining the timing advance time. In the above methods, by designing the timing advance field as a structure including a sign bit, an exponent bit, and a value bit, a single signaling can simultaneously indicate the sign, range, and precise value of the timing advance time, thereby significantly improving the access success rate and reliability of the system in complex scenarios. This solves the problem that the terminal cannot access the network when the random access delay pre-compensation error is large in the high-latency wireless communication scenario of the prior art, and does not incur additional signaling resources.

[0045] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This application provides a flowchart of a method for generating a random access response. This method can be executed by a base station, or by components of the base station, such as a processor, chip, chip system, or circuit. It can also be implemented by a logic module or software capable of performing all or part of the base station's functions. The following description uses the method executed by a base station as an example. Specifically, this method may include: S101: After detecting the random access preamble sent by the terminal, a random access response is generated. The random access response carries a timing advance field, which includes a sign bit, an exponent bit, and a value bit. The value of the sign bit is used to indicate the sign of the timing advance time, the value of the exponent bit is used to indicate the exponent part of the timing advance time, and the value of the value bit is used to indicate the value part of the timing advance time.

[0047] S102: Send a random access response to the terminal.

[0048] Specifically, in S101 above, the base station can continuously monitor random access opportunities on the uplink channel. When the terminal needs to access the network, it can send a random access preamble. The random access preamble is a specific signal sequence known to the base station that is sent by the terminal during the random access process. It is used to initiate an access request to the base station and help the base station estimate the transmission delay.

[0049] After the base station identifies the aforementioned random access preamble using relevant detection algorithms, it can generate a corresponding random access response. The random access response is the message sent by the base station to the terminal after detecting the random access preamble. In 5G or NR systems, the random access response is a key message in the random access procedure, sent by the base station through the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) or the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH). It typically includes a timing advance command, uplink grant resource allocation, and a temporary terminal identifier, used to establish initial connection synchronization between the terminal and the base station.

[0050] The random access response carries a timing advance field, which is a signaling field in the random access response specifically used to carry time synchronization adjustment information. In the prior art, the timing advance field only uses fixed bits to represent the positive time adjustment amount; however, in this embodiment, the timing advance field includes a sign bit, an exponent bit, and a value bit. Through this composite structure, it can simultaneously represent positive and negative time adjustments and provide a larger dynamic range.

[0051] In the aforementioned timing advance field, the value of the sign bit is used to indicate the sign of the timing advance time. In one implementation, the sign bit may include 1 bit, which is a single bit used to indicate the direction of time adjustment (advance or delay). For example, a sign bit value of 0 indicates positive timing advance (the terminal needs to transmit earlier), and a sign bit value of 1 indicates negative timing advance (the terminal needs to transmit later).

[0052] The value of the exponent bit is used to indicate the exponent portion of the timing advance time; in one implementation, the sign bit may include... bits ( This refers to a combination of bits used to determine the order of magnitude of the time adjustment. The exponent bits, through an exponential scaling mechanism, greatly extend the dynamic range of the signaling; for example, three exponent bits can provide... These different orders of magnitude allow the same numerical value to represent time adjustments ranging from nanoseconds to microseconds or even milliseconds at different exponent values.

[0053] The value of the numeric bit is used to indicate the numerical portion of the timing advance time; in one implementation, the sign bit may include... bits ( A time adjustment is a combination of multiple bits that represent the precise value of the time adjustment. The numerical bits provide fine-grained time adjustments within the range defined by the exponent bits. For example, eight numerical bits can provide 256 different levels of precision at a specific exponent level, ensuring accurate time synchronization.

[0054] As one implementation method, the timing advance field can be represented as: .

[0055] In S102 above, the base station can encapsulate the generated timing advance field along with other necessary information into a random access response message and send it to the terminal via PDSCH.

[0056] In the above scheme, by designing the timing advance field to include a sign bit, an exponent bit, and a value bit, a single signaling signal can simultaneously indicate the sign, range, and precise value of the timing advance time. Specifically, the sign bit can accurately indicate the positive or negative attribute of the timing advance time, solving the problem that negative delays may not be transmitted after terminal delay pre-compensation in high-latency scenarios; the exponent bit can significantly expand the representation range of the timing advance time, avoiding terminal access failure caused by the delay value exceeding the representation capability of existing technology when the pre-compensation error is large; the value bit can accurately represent the magnitude of the timing advance time. Therefore, even if the delay of the PRACH signal is large after delay pre-compensation, the terminal can still access the network normally, thereby significantly improving the access success rate and reliability of the system in complex scenarios.

[0057] Furthermore, in high-latency scenarios such as non-terrestrial networks, due to factors such as ephemeris errors, the random access preamble sent by the terminal after pre-compensation based on the round-trip delay estimate may arrive earlier than the start time of the base station's expected reception time window. To ensure that the base station can detect such potentially early-arriving preambles, as an optional auxiliary measure, this embodiment provides a step of extending the preamble detection window forward. Before S101 above, the random access response generation method provided in this application embodiment may further include: S201: Configure the maximum tolerance error, where the maximum tolerance error is used to constrain the maximum representation error of the timing advance time.

[0058] Specifically, base stations can configure system parameters according to the network deployment scenario (e.g., terrestrial network or non-terrestrial network). In this embodiment, the system parameters that the base station needs to configure may include the maximum tolerance error, which refers to the maximum uplink delay deviation that the system can tolerate, used to constrain the maximum representation error of the timing advance. This maximum tolerance error can be determined by the base station based on system physical layer parameters (such as subcarrier spacing and the corresponding cyclic prefix length). The configuration principle is to ensure that the quantization error of the timing advance does not destroy uplink orthogonality; for example, it can be configured to be less than half the system cyclic prefix length. The base station can broadcast this parameter through system information blocks. Accordingly, before initiating a random access procedure, the terminal obtains the maximum tolerance error by parsing the system information block, which is used to subsequently determine the reference time unit.

[0059] Among them, the representation error of the random access response will cause the terminal's uplink signal transmission time to deviate. If this deviation is greater than the threshold allowed by the system, the terminal will be unable to access the network. Therefore, the above maximum tolerance error can be configured first to constrain the maximum representation error of the random access response. The principle of configuring the maximum tolerance error is to ensure that the quantization error of the timing advance will not destroy the uplink orthogonality.

[0060] As one implementation method, the maximum tolerance error can be obtained based on system performance simulation or testing. For example, with a subcarrier spacing of 120kHz and a cyclic prefix length of approximately 595ns, the maximum tolerance error can be set to 250ns.

[0061] In the above scheme, by configuring the maximum tolerance error before generating the random access response and using the maximum tolerance error to constrain the maximum representation error of the timing advance time, a clear system-level constraint is provided for the quantization accuracy of the timing advance time, thereby fundamentally avoiding inter-symbol interference caused by excessive quantization error and ensuring communication quality.

[0062] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, prior to S101, the method for generating a random access response provided in this application embodiment may further include: S301: Extend the leader detection window forward so that the leader detection window can detect random access leaders.

[0063] Specifically, the preamble detection window refers to the signal reception time window used by the base station to detect the random access preamble. To support negative latency detection, the base station can extend the preamble detection window forward before detecting the random access preamble, that is, move the start time of the preamble detection window to an earlier time, so that the window covers the time range in satellite scenarios where the random access preamble may arrive earlier. The amount of window extension can be configured according to specific application scenarios (such as ephemeris errors in satellite networks).

[0064] In one implementation, the expansion range of the leader detection window can be determined based on the expected value of the satellite delay error; in another implementation, the expansion range of the leader detection window can be determined based on the satellite type and orbital parameters.

[0065] The expected value of satellite delay error refers to the satellite delay error that can be assessed in advance, such as the delay deviation range caused by ephemeris error. That is, if the expected ephemeris delay error is large, the expansion range of the preamble detection window can be expanded accordingly to avoid the preamble being missed due to deviation exceeding the window; if the expected ephemeris delay error is small, the expansion range can be appropriately reduced to ensure the effectiveness of detection while avoiding excessive consumption of base station detection resources.

[0066] Satellites of different orbit types have fixed and predictable air interface delay characteristics, which can be directly used as the basis for expanding the forward detection window.

[0067] In the above scheme, by extending the preamble detection window forward, it is possible to cover the time range in which the random access preamble may arrive early, enabling the base station to accurately capture the early-arriving preamble. This avoids errors in subsequent timing advance calculations due to the preamble not being detected or being misjudged, thus improving the effectiveness of random access preamble detection and the accuracy of subsequent timing adjustments in satellite scenarios.

[0068] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This application provides a flowchart of a method for determining a timing advance time. This method can be executed by a terminal, or by components of the terminal, such as the terminal's processor, chip, chip system, or circuitry. It can also be implemented by a logic module or software capable of performing all or part of the terminal's functions. The following description uses the method executed by a terminal as an example. Specifically, this method may include: S401: Receive a random access response sent by the base station, wherein the random access response carries a timing advance field, the timing advance field includes a sign bit, an exponent bit and a value bit, the value of the sign bit is used to indicate the sign of the timing advance time, the value of the exponent bit is used to indicate the exponent part of the timing advance time, and the value of the value bit is used to indicate the value part of the timing advance time.

[0069] S402: Parse the random access response to obtain the values ​​of the sign bit, exponent bit, and numeric bit.

[0070] S403: Determine the timing advance time based on the values ​​of the sign bit, exponent bit, numeric bit, and reference time unit.

[0071] Specifically, when a terminal needs to access the network, it can send a random access preamble. The random access preamble is a specific signal sequence known to the base station that the terminal sends during the random access process. It is used to initiate an access request to the base station and help the base station estimate the transmission delay.

[0072] In step S401 above, after the base station identifies the aforementioned random access preamble through a relevant detection algorithm, it can generate a corresponding random access response. This random access response carries a timing advance field, which is a signaling field specifically used to carry time synchronization adjustment information. In existing technologies, the timing advance field uses only fixed bits to represent the positive time adjustment amount; however, in this embodiment, the timing advance field includes a sign bit, an exponent bit, and a value bit. This composite structure can simultaneously represent positive and negative time adjustments and provide a wider dynamic range.

[0073] In the aforementioned timing advance field, the value of the sign bit is used to indicate the sign of the timing advance time. In one implementation, the sign bit may include 1 bit, which is a single bit used to indicate the direction of time adjustment (advance or delay). For example, a sign bit value of 0 indicates positive timing advance (the terminal needs to transmit earlier), and a sign bit value of 1 indicates negative timing advance (the terminal needs to transmit later).

[0074] The value of the exponent bit is used to indicate the exponent portion of the timing advance time; in one implementation, the sign bit may include... bits ( This refers to a combination of bits used to determine the order of magnitude of the time adjustment. The exponent bits, through an exponential scaling mechanism, greatly extend the dynamic range of the signaling; for example, three exponent bits can provide... These different orders of magnitude allow the same numerical value to represent time adjustments ranging from nanoseconds to microseconds or even milliseconds at different exponent values.

[0075] The value of the numeric bit is used to indicate the numerical portion of the timing advance time; in one implementation, the sign bit may include... bits ( A time adjustment is a combination of multiple bits that represent the precise value of the time adjustment. The numerical bits provide fine-grained time adjustments within the range defined by the exponent bits. For example, eight numerical bits can provide 256 different levels of precision at a specific exponent level, ensuring accurate time synchronization.

[0076] As one implementation method, the timing advance field can be represented as: .

[0077] In S402 above, the terminal receives the random access response sent by the base station and parses out the timing advance field from it. The terminal knows the structure of this field (e.g., 1 sign bit, 3 exponent bits, 8 value bits), so it can accurately extract: the value of the sign bit, the binary value of the exponent bit (and convert it to a decimal integer), and the binary value of the value bit (and convert it to a decimal integer).

[0078] In S403 above, the terminal can determine the timing advance time based on the values ​​of the sign bit, exponent bit, numeric bit, and reference time unit. The reference time unit refers to the smallest time quantization unit used to calculate the timing advance time, while the timing advance time refers to the actual time adjustment amount that the terminal needs to apply; it is a physical quantity with time dimensions.

[0079] As one implementation, the reference time unit can be a standardized time unit defined in the communication protocol (e.g., basic time unit, sampling period, etc.); as another implementation, the reference time unit can be determined by the maximum tolerance error and the number of exponential bits.

[0080] In the above scheme, by designing the timing advance field to include a sign bit, an exponent bit, and a value bit, a single signaling signal can simultaneously indicate the sign, range, and precise value of the timing advance time. Specifically, the sign bit can accurately indicate the positive or negative attribute of the timing advance time, solving the problem that negative delays may not be transmitted after terminal delay pre-compensation in high-latency scenarios; the exponent bit can significantly expand the representation range of the timing advance time, avoiding terminal access failure caused by the delay value exceeding the representation capability of existing technology when the pre-compensation error is large; the value bit can accurately represent the magnitude of the timing advance time. Therefore, even if the delay of the PRACH signal is large after delay pre-compensation, the terminal can still access the network normally, thereby significantly improving the access success rate and reliability of the system in complex scenarios.

[0081] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, S403 may specifically include: S501: The product of the sign bit value, exponent bit value, numeric bit value, and reference time unit is determined as the timing advance time.

[0082] In the above scheme, by directly multiplying the sign bit value, exponent bit value, and numerical bit value with the reference time unit, the terminal can quickly obtain the final time adjustment value with extremely low computational complexity, which helps to reduce terminal power consumption and processing latency.

[0083] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, prior to S401, the method for determining the timing advance time provided in this application embodiment may further include: S601: Obtain the maximum tolerance error, where the maximum tolerance error is used to determine the reference time unit.

[0084] Specifically, before initiating random access, the terminal can obtain system parameters broadcast by the base station by reading system information blocks. In this embodiment, the system parameters that the terminal needs to obtain may include the maximum tolerance error, which refers to the maximum uplink delay deviation that the system can tolerate, used to constrain the maximum representation error of timing advance time. It should be noted that the maximum tolerance error obtained by the terminal needs to be consistent with the value configured on the base station side.

[0085] Among them, the representation error of the random access response will cause the terminal's uplink signal transmission time to deviate. If this deviation is greater than the threshold allowed by the system, the terminal will be unable to access the network. Therefore, the above maximum tolerance error can be configured first to constrain the maximum representation error of the random access response. The principle of configuring the maximum tolerance error is to ensure that the quantization error of the timing advance will not destroy the uplink orthogonality.

[0086] In the above scheme, obtaining the maximum tolerance error before sending the random access preamble can ensure that the reference time unit can accurately reflect the system's tolerance limit for delay error, thereby ensuring that the calculation accuracy of the timing advance time meets the system requirements.

[0087] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, S501 may specifically include: S701: Determine the timing advance time according to the following formula: ; in, Indicates the advance time for a scheduled event. Indicates the value of the sign bit. Indicates the value of the sign bit. Indicates the value of the exponent. Indicates the number of bits in the exponent. Indicates the first digit of the exponent The value of each bit, Indicates the value of the numerical digit. The number of bits representing numerical values. Indicates the digit of the numerical value. The value of each bit, Indicates the base time unit.

[0088] The sign bit takes values ​​of either 1 or -1, and the exponent takes values ​​of... The value range of the numerical digit is: Therefore, the delay range represented by the timing advance field in this embodiment is: The absolute value of the error is: Therefore, the error is related to the exponent and the maximum does not exceed [a certain value]. The minimum value is .

[0089] In the above scheme, the calculation process of timing advance time is defined by a clear mathematical formula, which clearly links each part of the signaling with the reference time unit. A large dynamic range is achieved through the amplification effect of the exponential bits, and the precision is guaranteed by the numerical bits. Thus, high-precision and wide-range delay adjustment is achieved with a limited number of signaling bits.

[0090] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, the reference time unit is determined according to the following formula: ; , This indicates the maximum tolerance error.

[0091] That is, the advance time can be expressed as: .

[0092] The above scheme clearly defines the mathematical relationship between the reference time unit, the maximum tolerance error, and the number of exponent bits. By using the number of exponent bits to normalize the reference unit, the maximum representation error is precisely constrained within the maximum tolerance error, thus achieving active error control and reliable system performance assurance.

[0093] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, prior to S401, the method for determining the timing advance time provided in this application embodiment may further include: S801: Send a random access preamble to the base station based on the round-trip delay estimate and a preset duration. The preset duration is used to enable the base station's preamble detection window to detect the random access preamble.

[0094] In the above scheme, based on the estimated round-trip delay, a preset duration is added to send the random access preamble. That is, the terminal delays the random access preamble by a fixed preset duration when sending it, thereby ensuring that the base station's preamble detection window can detect the random access preamble.

[0095] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of this application have the following advantages: 1. Can represent negative latency: In long-distance wireless communication scenarios, terminals need to perform time-domain pre-compensation before transmitting PRACH signals. In this case, the pre-compensation error is random, meaning that the PRACH latency may be negative. Existing technical solutions can only represent positive latency, while the embodiments of this application introduce sign bit information in the signaling to represent negative latency, which is more suitable for long-distance wireless communication scenarios.

[0096] 2. A wider time delay range can be represented: If the terminal's time offset pre-compensation error is large, the PRACH signal received by the base station will have a significant time delay, potentially exceeding the representation range of existing technologies, which may cause the terminal to be unable to access the network. This application's embodiment introduces an exponent bit in the signaling, which can represent a wider time offset range. For example, using the same 12-bit signaling, referring to the 3GPP protocol, the existing technology's representation range when the system subcarrier spacing is 120kHz is: In this embodiment of the application, the configuration is... , , (Less than half the system cyclic prefix length (the cyclic prefix length is 595ns when the subcarrier spacing is 120kHz), which ensures that it will not affect system demodulation), the scope of the embodiments in this application is: .

[0097] It is evident that, under typical system parameter configurations, the latency representation range of this solution is significantly improved compared to existing technologies, resulting in better performance.

[0098] 3. Controllable delay quantization error, ensuring that system performance is not affected: The embodiments of this application can ensure that the absolute value of the signaling error is less than the preset value. Through reasonable configuration, the quantization error can be controlled and will not affect the system performance.

[0099] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This application provides a structural block diagram of a random access response generation device 900 applied to a base station. The device includes: a generation module 901, configured to generate a random access response after detecting a random access preamble sent by a terminal. The random access response carries a timing advance field, which includes a sign bit, an exponent bit, and a value bit. The sign bit indicates the sign of the timing advance time, the exponent bit indicates the exponent portion of the timing advance time, and the value bit indicates the value portion of the timing advance time. A first sending module 902 is configured to send the random access response to the terminal.

[0100] In the above scheme, by designing the timing advance field to include a sign bit, an exponent bit, and a value bit, a single signaling signal can simultaneously indicate the sign, range, and precise value of the timing advance time. Specifically, the sign bit can accurately indicate the positive or negative attribute of the timing advance time, solving the problem that negative delays may not be transmitted after terminal delay pre-compensation in high-latency scenarios; the exponent bit can significantly expand the representation range of the timing advance time, avoiding terminal access failure caused by the delay value exceeding the representation capability of existing technology when the pre-compensation error is large; the value bit can accurately represent the magnitude of the timing advance time. Therefore, even if the delay of the PRACH signal is large after delay pre-compensation, the terminal can still access the network normally, thereby significantly improving the access success rate and reliability of the system in complex scenarios.

[0101] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, the random access response generation device 900 further includes: a configuration module for configuring a maximum tolerance error, wherein the maximum tolerance error is used to constrain the maximum representation error of the timing advance time.

[0102] In the above scheme, by configuring the maximum tolerance error before generating the random access response and using this error to constrain the maximum representation error of the timing advance time, a clear system-level constraint is provided for the quantization accuracy of the timing advance time, thereby fundamentally avoiding inter-symbol interference caused by excessive quantization error and ensuring communication quality.

[0103] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, the random access response generation device 900 further includes: an extension module for extending the preamble detection window forward so that the preamble detection window can detect the random access preamble.

[0104] In the above scheme, by extending the preamble detection window forward, it is possible to cover the time range in which the random access preamble may arrive early, enabling the base station to accurately capture the early-arriving preamble. This avoids errors in subsequent timing advance calculations due to the preamble not being detected or being misjudged, thus improving the effectiveness of random access preamble detection and the accuracy of subsequent timing adjustments in satellite scenarios.

[0105] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4This application provides a structural block diagram of a timing advance time determination device. The device 1000, applied to a terminal, includes: a receiving module 1001, used to receive a random access response sent by the base station, wherein the random access response carries a timing advance field, the timing advance field including a sign bit, an exponent bit, and a value bit, the value of the sign bit indicating the sign of the timing advance time, the value of the exponent bit indicating the exponent portion of the timing advance time, and the value of the value bit indicating the value portion of the timing advance time; a parsing module 1002, used to parse the random access response to obtain the values ​​of the sign bit, the exponent bit, and the value bit; and a determining module 1003, used to determine the timing advance time based on the values ​​of the sign bit, the exponent bit, the value bit, and a reference time unit.

[0106] In the above scheme, by designing the timing advance field to include a sign bit, an exponent bit, and a value bit, a single signaling signal can simultaneously indicate the sign, range, and precise value of the timing advance time. Specifically, the sign bit can accurately indicate the positive or negative attribute of the timing advance time, solving the problem that negative delays may not be transmitted after terminal delay pre-compensation in high-latency scenarios; the exponent bit can significantly expand the representation range of the timing advance time, avoiding terminal access failure caused by the delay value exceeding the representation capability of existing technology when the pre-compensation error is large; the value bit can accurately represent the magnitude of the timing advance time. Therefore, even if the delay of the PRACH signal is large after delay pre-compensation, the terminal can still access the network normally, thereby significantly improving the access success rate and reliability of the system in complex scenarios.

[0107] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, the determining module 1003 is specifically used to: determine the product of the value of the sign bit, the value of the exponent bit, the value of the numeric bit, and the reference time unit as the timing advance time.

[0108] In the above scheme, by directly multiplying the sign bit value, exponent bit value, and numerical bit value with the reference time unit, the terminal can quickly obtain the final time adjustment value with extremely low computational complexity, which helps to reduce terminal power consumption and processing latency.

[0109] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, the timing advance time determination device 1000 further includes: an acquisition module, used to acquire the maximum tolerance error, wherein the maximum tolerance error is used to determine the reference time unit.

[0110] In the above scheme, obtaining the maximum tolerance error before sending the random access preamble can ensure that the reference time unit can accurately reflect the system's tolerance limit for delay error, thereby ensuring that the calculation accuracy of the timing advance time meets the system requirements.

[0111] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, the determining module 1003 is specifically used to: determine the timing advance time according to the following formula: ; in, This indicates the timing advance time. This indicates the value of the sign bit. This indicates the value of the sign bit. This indicates the value of the exponent bit. This indicates the number of bits in the exponent. Indicates the first of the exponent bits The value of each bit, This indicates the value of the numerical bit. This indicates the number of bits in the numerical value. Indicates the digit of the numerical value. The value of each bit, This indicates the reference time unit.

[0112] In the above scheme, the calculation process of timing advance time is defined by a clear mathematical formula, which clearly links each part of the signaling with the reference time unit. A large dynamic range is achieved through the amplification effect of the exponential bits, and the precision is guaranteed by the numerical bits. Thus, high-precision and wide-range delay adjustment is achieved with a limited number of signaling bits.

[0113] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, the reference time unit is determined according to the following formula: ; , This represents the maximum tolerance error.

[0114] The above scheme clearly defines the mathematical relationship between the reference time unit, the maximum tolerance error, and the number of exponent bits. By using the number of exponent bits to normalize the reference unit, the maximum representation error is precisely constrained within the maximum tolerance error, thus achieving active error control and reliable system performance assurance.

[0115] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, the timing advance determination device 1000 further includes: a second sending module, used to send a random access preamble to the base station based on the round-trip delay estimate and a preset duration, wherein the preset duration is used to enable the base station's preamble detection window to detect the random access preamble.

[0116] In the above scheme, based on the estimated round-trip delay, a preset duration is added to send the random access preamble. That is, the terminal delays the random access preamble by a fixed preset duration when sending it, thereby ensuring that the base station's preamble detection window can detect the random access preamble.

[0117] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 This application provides a structural block diagram of an electronic device 1100, comprising at least one processor 1101, at least one communication interface 1102, at least one memory 1103, and at least one communication bus 1104. The communication bus 1104 enables direct communication between these components, the communication interface 1102 facilitates signaling or data communication with other node devices, and the memory 1103 stores machine-readable instructions executable by the processor 1101. When the electronic device 1100 is running, the processor 1101 communicates with the memory 1103 via the communication bus 1104. When the machine-readable instructions are invoked by the processor 1101, the aforementioned random access response generation method or timing advance time determination method is executed.

[0118] As one implementation method, the aforementioned electronic device 1100 can be a terminal, and different terminals can be interconnected via wired or wireless means. Terminals can be widely used in various scenarios, such as Near Field Communication (NFC), Device-to-Device (D2D), Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication, Machine-type Communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IoT), Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, Industrial Control, Autonomous Driving, Telemedicine, Smart Grid, Smart Furniture, Smart Office, Smart Wearables, Smart Transportation, and Smart Cities.

[0119] The terminal may also be referred to as a mobile station (MS), terminal, or terminal equipment, and may include a subscriber unit, cellular phone, smartphone, wireless data card, personal digital assistant (PDA) computer, tablet computer, handheld modem, laptop computer, cordless phone, wireless local loop (WLL) station, machine type communication (MTC) terminal, etc. For ease of description, all devices mentioned above are referred to as terminals in all embodiments of this application.

[0120] The aforementioned terminal may further include an antenna and a transceiver. The transceiver processes (e.g., analog-to-analog conversion, filtering, amplification, and up-conversion) the output sample and generates an uplink signal, which is transmitted to the network device via the antenna. On the downlink, the antenna receives the downlink signal transmitted by the network device, and the transceiver processes (e.g., filtering, amplification, down-conversion, and digitization) the signal received from the antenna and provides input samples. The processor 1101 is used to execute the timing advance time determination method described in the above embodiments. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology or device form used in the terminal.

[0121] In another implementation, the aforementioned electronic device 1100 can be a base station, and the terminal can connect to the base station wirelessly. The base station can also connect to or transmit and receive information with Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA), New Radio (NR), and future radio access systems or WiFi systems defined by 3GPP. The base station can also connect to devices from two or more of the aforementioned different radio access systems. The base station can also connect to an Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN).

[0122] Base stations may be equipped with modules for implementing base station functions. These modules can perform the functions of the following devices: base station, evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB), transmission reception point (TRP), next-generation NodeB (gNB) in 5th generation (5G) mobile communication systems, next-generation base station in 6th generation (6G) mobile communication systems, base station in future mobile communication systems, or access node in WiFi systems.

[0123] The aforementioned base station may also include an antenna and a transceiver. In the uplink, the uplink signal from the terminal is received via the antenna, processed by the transceiver and converted into a digital baseband signal, and then further processed by the processor 1101 to recover the signaling information sent by the terminal. In the downlink, the signaling message is processed by the processor 1101, processed by the transceiver to generate a downlink signal, and then transmitted to the terminal via the antenna. The processor 1101 is also used to execute the random access response generation method described in the above embodiments. The base station may include a macro base station, a micro base station or an indoor station, and may also be a relay node or a donor node.

[0124] It is understood that the above only describes a simplified design of the base station. In practical applications, the base station may include any number of transmitters, receivers, processors, controllers, memory, communication units, etc., and all base stations that can implement this application are within the protection scope of this application.

[0125] The processor 1101 comprises one or more, and can be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. The processor 1101 can be a general-purpose processor, including a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Microcontroller Unit (MCU), a Network Processor (NP), or other conventional processors; it can also be a special-purpose processor, including a Neural Network Processing Unit (NPU), a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. Furthermore, when there are multiple processors 1101, some can be general-purpose processors, and others can be special-purpose processors.

[0126] The memory 1103 includes one or more, which may be, but is not limited to, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), etc.

[0127] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium that stores computer program instructions. When the computer program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer performs various functions or steps in the above-described methods for generating random access responses or determining timing advance times.

[0128] This application also provides a computer program product that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute various functions or steps in the above-described methods for generating random access responses or determining timing advance times.

[0129] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. Furthermore, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Additionally, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings, direct couplings, or communication connections may be through some communication interfaces; indirect couplings or communication connections between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0130] Furthermore, the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0131] Furthermore, the functional modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist independently, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part.

[0132] It should be noted that if the function is implemented as a software module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0133] In this document, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0134] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for generating a random access response, characterized in that, Applied to base stations, including: After detecting the random access preamble sent by the terminal, a random access response is generated, wherein the random access response carries a timing advance field, the timing advance field includes a sign bit, an exponent bit and a value bit, the value of the sign bit is used to indicate the sign of the timing advance time, the value of the exponent bit is used to indicate the exponent part of the timing advance time, and the value of the value bit is used to indicate the value part of the timing advance time. Send the random access response to the terminal.

2. The method for generating a random access response according to claim 1, characterized in that, Prior to generating the random access response, the method further includes: Configure a maximum tolerance error, wherein the maximum tolerance error is used to constrain the maximum representation error of the timing advance time.

3. The method for generating a random access response according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Prior to generating the random access response, the method further includes: Expand the preamble detection window forward so that the preamble detection window can detect the random access preamble.

4. A method for determining a timing advance time, characterized in that, Applied to terminals, including: The system receives a random access response sent by a base station, wherein the random access response carries a timing advance field, the timing advance field including a sign bit, an exponent bit and a value bit, the value of the sign bit is used to indicate the sign of the timing advance time, the value of the exponent bit is used to indicate the exponent part of the timing advance time, and the value of the value bit is used to indicate the value part of the timing advance time. Parse the random access response to obtain the values ​​of the sign bit, the exponent bit, and the numeric bit. The timing advance time is determined based on the value of the sign bit, the value of the exponent bit, the value of the numeric bit, and the reference time unit.

5. The method for determining the timing advance time according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of determining the timing advance time based on the value of the sign bit, the value of the exponent bit, the value of the numeric bit, and the reference time unit includes: The product of the sign bit value, the exponent bit value, the numeric bit value, and the reference time unit is determined as the timing advance time.

6. The method for determining the timing advance time according to claim 5, characterized in that, Before receiving the random access response sent by the base station, the method further includes: Obtain the maximum tolerance error, wherein the maximum tolerance error is used to determine the reference time unit.

7. The method for determining the timing advance time according to claim 6, characterized in that, Determining the timing advance time by multiplying the value of the sign bit, the value of the exponent bit, the value of the numeric bit, and the reference time unit includes: The timing advance time is determined according to the following formula: ； in, This indicates the timing advance time. This indicates the value of the sign bit. This indicates the value of the sign bit. This indicates the value of the exponent bit. This indicates the number of bits in the exponent. Indicates the first of the exponent bits The value of each bit, This indicates the value of the numerical bit. This indicates the number of bits in the numerical value. Indicates the digit of the numerical value. The value of each bit, This indicates the reference time unit.

8. The method for determining the timing advance time according to claim 7, characterized in that, The reference time unit is determined according to the following formula: ； , This represents the maximum tolerance error.

9. The method for determining the timing advance time according to any one of claims 4-8, characterized in that, Before receiving the random access response sent by the base station, the method further includes: A random access preamble is sent to the base station based on the round-trip delay estimate and a preset duration, wherein the preset duration is used to enable the base station's preamble detection window to detect the random access preamble.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, It includes computer program instructions, which, when read and executed by a processor, perform the random access response generation method as described in any one of claims 1-3 or the timing advance time determination method as described in any one of claims 4-9.

11. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Processor, memory, and bus; The processor and the memory communicate with each other via the bus; The memory stores computer program instructions that can be executed by the processor. The processor can invoke the computer program instructions to execute the random access response generation method as described in any one of claims 1-3 or the timing advance time determination method as described in any one of claims 4-9.

12. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer program instructions, which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the random access response generation method as described in any one of claims 1-3 or the timing advance time determination method as described in any one of claims 4-9.

Images