Affinity agent for jujube tree twig grafting, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an affinity agent for jujube tree twig grafting and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of jujube tree cultivation. The affinity agent is prepared from the following components in mass concentration: 5 to 15g / L of saccharose, 50 to 100mg / L of naphthylacetic acid, 50 to 100mg / L of auxin and 5 to 15mg / L of gibberellin. According to the multi-hormone synergistic jujube tree twig grafting affinity agent provided by the invention, through scientific proportioning of nutrient substances and plant hormones, the viability of stock-scion cambium cells is activated, and rapid formation of calluses is promoted; meanwhile, a set of standardized twig grafting technology system based on the affinity agent is constructed, grafting operation and postoperative management processes are optimized, and efficient healing of rootstocks and scions and robust growth of nursery stocks are achieved. The technology is easy and convenient to operate, the twig grafting technology threshold is lowered, the adaptability of different jujube varieties and stock combinations is improved, and the requirements for large-scale seedling raising and variety renewal are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of jujube cultivation technology, specifically an affinity agent for grafting tender branches of jujube trees, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] jujube( Ziziphus jujuba Jujube (Millettia divaricata) is an important economic forest tree species native to my country, and its variety renewal and seedling propagation rely on grafting technology. Grafting can rapidly improve varieties, facilitate rapid propagation, increase yield and quality, and enhance the adaptability and resistance of jujube trees, improving their survival ability in harsh environments. Softwood grafting is widely used in the rapid propagation of jujube varieties and the transformation of low-yield orchards due to its advantages such as readily available scions, high propagation coefficient, and shortened seedling cycle. It is a commonly used grafting method during the jujube growing season. However, the low lignification degree, large pith, and high water content of jujube softwood branches make grafting difficult, leading to problems in rootstock-scion healing, which has become a core bottleneck restricting the application of this technology.

[0003] Existing jujube tender branch grafting techniques have two major problems: First, poor compatibility between rootstock and scion. In conventional grafting, the cambium cells of the rootstock and scion divide asynchronously, resulting in slow and poor-quality callus formation, which fails to effectively establish vascular connections, hindering nutrient and water transport. Current technology CN103739402A uses a mixture of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) at 40-60 mg / L, indoleacetic acid (IAA) at 150-250 mg / L, gibberellin at 10-20 mg / L, and carbendazim. During grafting, the jujube scion needs to be soaked in this healing agent solution for 5-20 minutes before use, which is unsuitable for jujube tender branch grafting. Because of the significant difference in cambium cell division between the rootstock and scion during tender branch grafting, it is still necessary to develop a compatibility agent that uses multiple hormones to synergistically regulate and meet the comprehensive needs of callus formation in both rootstock and scion during tender branch grafting. Secondly, the survival rate of softwood grafting is low. Due to differences in the thickness and quality of the rootstock / scion, as well as the poor water retention, high transpiration, and pathogen infection of softwood branches, the survival rate of traditional softwood grafting methods is generally low, and the new shoots grow weakly after survival. There is a lack of simple and practical wrapping and moisturizing materials to prevent oxygen deficiency and rotting at the graft union, thus hindering the improvement of grafting survival rates. Therefore, developing a specialized affinity agent that enhances the compatibility between rootstock and scion and improves healing efficiency, along with supporting grafting techniques, is of great significance for promoting the industrialization of jujube softwood grafting. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an affinity agent for grafting jujube tender branches, which can promote the formation of callus at the grafting interface, improve the efficiency of jujube tender branch grafting and the survival rate.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned affinity agent.

[0006] Another objective of this invention is to provide an application of the aforementioned affinity agent in improving the survival rate of grafted jujube shoots.

[0007] Another objective of this invention is to provide a method for improving the survival rate of grafted jujube tree tender branches.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides an affinity agent for grafting young branches of jujube trees. The affinity agent comprises the following components at the following mass concentrations: sucrose 5~15g / L, naphthaleneacetic acid 50~100mg / L, auxin 50~100mg / L, and gibberellin 5~15mg / L.

[0009] Preferably, the affinity agent comprises the following components at the following mass concentrations: sucrose 10 g / L, naphthaleneacetic acid 75 mg / L, auxin 75 mg / L, and gibberellin 10 mg / L.

[0010] Preferably, the affinity agent comprises the following components at the following mass concentrations: sucrose 10 g / L, naphthaleneacetic acid 50 mg / L, auxin 75 mg / L, and gibberellin 10 mg / L.

[0011] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the affinity agent, the method comprising the following steps: weighing naphthaleneacetic acid, auxin and gibberellin respectively, dissolving them in anhydrous ethanol, and adding them to sucrose solution while stirring; adjusting the pH value to 5.5-6.0 after making up to volume with sterile distilled water to obtain naphthaleneacetic acid solution, auxin solution and gibberellin solution; dispensing the prepared affinity agent solution into brown reagent bottles and storing it at 4°C for later use.

[0012] The present invention also provides the application of the aforementioned affinity agent or the affinity agent obtained by the aforementioned preparation method in improving the survival rate of jujube tender branch grafting.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for improving the survival rate of grafting tender branches of jujube trees, comprising the following steps: immersing the scion in the affinity agent or the affinity agent obtained by the preparation method for 3-10 seconds and then draining it; placing the sleeve on the rootstock incision, inserting the scion into the sleeve and fitting it tightly against the rootstock incision, and cultivating it in the shade for 15-20 days.

[0014] Preferably, the treatment of the scion before immersion includes: cutting off the selected scion, retaining 1.5~3cm, and removing the unfolded leaves.

[0015] Preferably, the rootstock is selected from a jujube variety with good growth and a well-developed root system, and its current-year branches are selected as rootstock.

[0016] Preferably, the thickness ratio of the rootstock to the scion is 1~1.2:1.

[0017] Preferably, the grafting is performed from the end of June to the beginning of July.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) The concentration range of plant growth regulators used is more precise. In the affinity agent, sucrose and three hormones form a synergistic effect. Sucrose provides energy, NAA and IAA activate the division of cambium cells and accelerate the formation of callus tissue, and GA promotes cell elongation and accelerates the healing process, which shortens the time of callus formation in rootstock and scion by 2-3 days and increases the vascular connection efficiency by 40%.

[0019] (2) Grafting is performed from the end of June to the beginning of July. The best grafting method is to use a 5mm diameter sleeve grafting method with a rootstock-scion thickness ratio of 1-1.2:1. When grafting, remove mature leaves (leaving about 20% of the leaves). The grafting process is simple and easy to operate. The grafting survival rate is 36% higher than that of CK (quick dip in water for 3-10 seconds). The grafting survival rate of jujube tender branches is increased to over 60%.

[0020] (3) The scion only needs to be dipped for 3-10 seconds, which improves the grafting speed and saves labor costs. The components used in the affinity agent are all conventional agricultural raw materials with low unit price. Each liter of affinity agent can treat 2000-3000 tender scions, which reduces the cost of use and has significant economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the grafting operation of the present invention. In the figure, (a) is cutting the scion, (b) is cutting the rootstock, (c) is the sleeve, (d) is dipping in hormone, (e) is inserting the scion, and (f) is bagging to keep it moist. Figure 2 Images showing the successful grafting of three representative jujube trees with tube grafting. Figure 3 The figure shows the healing effect of grafted callus under different affinity agent treatments. In the figure, A is the water treatment, B is the affinity agent treatment in Example 1, C is the affinity agent treatment in Example 2, D is the affinity agent treatment in Example 3, and E is the affinity agent treatment in Example 4. Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the graft union 15 days after water treatment. Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the graft interface 15 days after grafting following affinity treatment in Example 1. Detailed Implementation

[0022] This invention provides an affinity agent for grafting jujube tender branches. The affinity agent comprises the following components at the following mass concentrations: sucrose 5-15 g / L, naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) 50-100 mg / L, auxin 50-100 mg / L, and gibberellin 5-15 mg / L. Preferably, the affinity agent comprises the following components at the following mass concentrations: sucrose 10 g / L, NAA 75 mg / L, auxin 75 mg / L, and gibberellin 10 mg / L; more preferably, the affinity agent comprises the following components at the following mass concentrations: sucrose 10 g / L, NAA 50 mg / L, auxin 75 mg / L, and gibberellin 10 mg / L. By adjusting the concentration ratio of each component in the affinity agent, this invention can significantly improve the grafting survival rate and grafting efficiency of jujube trees.

[0023] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the affinity agent, wherein the preparation method preferably includes the following steps: weighing naphthaleneacetic acid, auxin and gibberellin respectively, dissolving them in anhydrous ethanol, and adding them to sucrose solution while stirring; adjusting the pH value to 5.5-6.0 after making up to volume with sterile distilled water to obtain naphthaleneacetic acid solution, auxin solution and gibberellin solution; dispensing the prepared affinity agent solution into brown reagent bottles and storing it at 4°C for later use. In this invention, as a preferred embodiment, the preparation method steps are as follows: (1) Take 900 mL of sterile distilled water, place it in a beaker, add 10 g of sucrose, and stir until completely dissolved under a 50°C water bath; (2) Weigh 75 mg NAA, 75 mg IAA, and 10 mg GA respectively, dissolve them in a small amount of anhydrous ethanol (add 1 mL of ethanol for every 10 mg of hormone), and add them to the sucrose solution in sequence while stirring; (3) Make up to 1000 mL with sterile distilled water, and adjust the pH value to 5.5-6.0 with 1 mol / L NaOH or HCl; (4) Dispense the prepared affinity agent solution into brown reagent bottles, store it at 4°C, and the shelf life is 30 days. Before use, restore it to room temperature.

[0024] This invention also provides an application of the aforementioned affinity agent or the affinity agent prepared by the aforementioned method in improving the survival rate of jujube tender branch grafting. The affinity agent of this invention, through a scientific ratio of nutrients and plant hormones, can effectively activate the activity of rootstock and scion cambium cells, promoting rapid callus formation; when used in jujube tender branch grafting, it can achieve efficient rootstock-scion healing and robust seedling growth, improving the efficiency and survival rate of jujube tender branch grafting.

[0025] The present invention also provides a method for improving the survival rate of grafting tender branches of jujube trees. The method preferably includes the following steps: immersing the scion in the affinity agent or the affinity agent obtained by the preparation method for 3-10 seconds and then draining it; placing the sleeve on the rootstock incision, inserting the scion into the sleeve and making it fit tightly against the rootstock incision, and cultivating it in the shade for 15-20 days.

[0026] In this invention, the scion is preferably a healthy, disease-free young branch of a jujube tree. The diameter of the scion is preferably 0.4-0.7 cm, more preferably 0.5-0.6 cm. The selected jujube branch is cut off, preferably retaining 1.5-3 cm, and the unfolded leaves are removed to reduce water evaporation. A slanted cut is then made using a grafting knife.

[0027] In this invention, the rootstock is preferably a well-grown jujube variety with a well-developed root system, and its current-year branches are selected as rootstock. The thickness of the rootstock should match that of the scion, preferably 0.4-0.6 cm in diameter, more preferably 0.5 cm. This invention selects current-year young branches free from pests and diseases, matching the thickness of the scion. The thickness ratio of the rootstock to the scion is preferably 1-1.2:1. The branches are cut horizontally with pruning shears, and then a vertical cut is made downwards with a grafting knife, the length and depth of which should be adapted to the cut surface of the scion. In this invention, the jujube variety is preferably Junzao. In a specific embodiment of this invention, the thickness ratio of the rootstock to the scion is more preferably 1:1 or 1.2:1.

[0028] In this invention, the scion dipped in affinity agent is inserted into the cut of the rootstock, so that the cut surface of the scion fits tightly against the cut of the rootstock. Then, the grafting point is tightly wrapped with plastic film, which can effectively prevent moisture evaporation and the invasion of pests and diseases.

[0029] In this invention, the grafting time is preferably from late June to early July. In a specific embodiment of this invention, the grafting time is more preferably from June 20 to July 10. At this time, the jujube trees are growing vigorously, resulting in a high grafting survival rate. This invention preferably performs grafting in the evening, as the grafted seedlings have a buffer period of one night, which further helps the grafted seedlings survive.

[0030] In this invention, the post-grafting management preferably includes the following steps: (1) Moisturize: Spray the self-sealing bag 2-3 times with a small spray bottle filled with distilled water, then put it on the grafted branch and seal the bag. The self-sealing bag can be removed about 15 days after grafting.

[0031] (2) Shading: The grafting site should be shaded immediately after grafting for 15 to 20 days to avoid direct sunlight.

[0032] (3) Unbinding: After the scion has taken root, the sleeve should be cut open with a knife in time to avoid affecting the growth of the scion.

[0033] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following embodiments are conventional methods. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental materials used in the following embodiments are commercially available products.

[0035] Example 1 An affinity agent for grafting young branches of jujube trees comprises the following components in mass concentration: sucrose content of 10 g / L, naphthaleneacetic acid content of 50 mg / L, auxin content of 75 mg / L, and gibberellin content of 10 mg / L.

[0036] The preparation steps of the above affinity agent are as follows: (1) Take 900 mL of sterile distilled water, place it in a beaker, add 10 g of sucrose, and stir until completely dissolved in a 50°C water bath; (2) Weigh 50 mg of naphthaleneacetic acid, 75 mg of auxin, and 10 mg of gibberellin, dissolve them in a small amount of anhydrous ethanol (add 1 mL of ethanol for every 10 mg of hormone), and add them to the sucrose solution in sequence while stirring; (3) Make up to 1000 mL with sterile distilled water, and adjust the pH value to 5.5-6.0 with 1 mol / L NaOH or HCl; (4) Dispense the affinity agent solution into brown reagent bottles, store at 4°C, and keep for 30 days. Before use, restore to room temperature.

[0037] Example 2 A grafting affinity agent for jujube tree tender branches comprises the following components in mass concentration: sucrose content of 10 g / L, naphthaleneacetic acid content of 75 mg / L, auxin content of 75 mg / L, and gibberellin content of 10 mg / L. In the preparation method: step (2) weigh 75 mg of naphthaleneacetic acid, 75 mg of auxin, and 10 mg of gibberellin, and dissolve them in a small amount of anhydrous ethanol (1 mL of ethanol for every 10 mg of hormone); the remaining steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0038] Example 3 A grafting affinity agent for jujube tree tender branches comprises the following components in mass concentration: sucrose content of 10 g / L, naphthaleneacetic acid content of 50 mg / L, auxin content of 50 mg / L, and gibberellin content of 10 mg / L. In the preparation method: step (2) weigh 50 mg of naphthaleneacetic acid, 50 mg of auxin, and 10 mg of gibberellin, and dissolve them in a small amount of anhydrous ethanol (1 mL of ethanol for every 10 mg of hormone); the remaining steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0039] Example 4 A grafting affinity agent for jujube tree tender branches comprises the following components in mass concentration: sucrose content of 10 g / L, naphthaleneacetic acid content of 100 mg / L, auxin content of 100 mg / L, and gibberellin content of 10 mg / L. In the preparation method: step (2) weigh 100 mg of naphthaleneacetic acid, 100 mg of auxin, and 10 mg of gibberellin, and dissolve them in a small amount of anhydrous ethanol (1 mL of ethanol for every 10 mg of hormone); the remaining steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0040] Example 5 A grafting affinity agent for jujube tree tender branches comprises the following components in mass concentration: sucrose content of 5 g / L, naphthaleneacetic acid content of 50 mg / L, auxin content of 50 mg / L, and gibberellin content of 5 mg / L. In the preparation method: step (2) weigh 50 mg of naphthaleneacetic acid, 50 mg of auxin, and 5 mg of gibberellin respectively, and dissolve them in a small amount of anhydrous ethanol (1 mL of ethanol for every 10 mg of hormone); the remaining steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0041] Example 6 A grafting affinity agent for jujube tree tender branches comprises the following components in mass concentration: sucrose content of 15 g / L, naphthaleneacetic acid content of 75 mg / L, auxin content of 75 mg / L, and gibberellin content of 15 mg / L. In the preparation method: step (2) weigh 75 mg of naphthaleneacetic acid, 75 mg of auxin, and 15 mg of gibberellin, and dissolve them in a small amount of anhydrous ethanol (1 mL of ethanol for every 10 mg of hormone); the remaining steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0042] Comparative Example 1 An affinity agent for grafting young branches of jujube trees comprises the following components in mass concentration: sucrose content of 10 g / L, naphthaleneacetic acid content of 50 mg / L, and auxin content of 75 mg / L. The preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0043] Comparative Example 2 An affinity agent for grafting young branches of jujube trees comprises the following components in mass concentration: sucrose content of 10 g / L, naphthaleneacetic acid content of 50 mg / L, and cytokinin 6-BA content of 50 mg / L. The preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0044] Comparative Example 3 An affinity agent for grafting young branches of jujube trees comprises the following components by mass concentration: sucrose content of 10 g / L and naphthaleneacetic acid content of 50 mg / L, prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0045] Comparative Example 4 An affinity agent for grafting young branches of jujube trees comprises the following components by mass concentration: sucrose content of 10 g / L and 3-indolebutyric acid content of 50 mg / L, prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0046] Example 7 A method to improve the survival rate of grafting tender branches of jujube trees, the specific steps are as follows: 1. Preparation (1) Scion selection: Select healthy, disease-free winter jujube shoots as scions with a diameter of 0.4~0.7cm.

[0047] (2) Rootstock selection: Find a healthy jujube with a well-developed root system and select its current year branches as rootstock. The thickness of the rootstock should match that of the scion, with a diameter of 0.4~0.6cm. The thickness ratio of the rootstock to the scion is 1.2:1.

[0048] (3) Tool preparation: Prepare pruning shears, grafting knife, 3mm and 5mm diameter sleeves, scissors, self-sealing bags, prepared hormones, shade nets, small spray bottles filled with distilled water, etc.

[0049] 2. Grafting time The best time for grafting jujube tree tender branches is in early July, when the jujube tree is growing vigorously and the grafting survival rate is high. Try to choose to graft in the evening, as the grafted seedlings have a buffer period of one night, which is more conducive to the survival of the grafted seedlings.

[0050] 3. Grafting method (1) Cutting the scion: Cut off the selected jujube head, leaving 1.5~3cm, remove the unfolded leaves to reduce water evaporation, and cut it at an angle with a grafting knife.

[0051] (2) Cutting the rootstock: Select a tender branch that is the same size as the scion and free from pests and diseases. Cut it horizontally with pruning shears and shape the rootstock into an interface that is the same shape as the slanted cut of the scion.

[0052] (3) Dipping in hormones: Immerse the end of the scion in the prepared affinity agent of Examples 1 to 6 for 3 to 10 seconds to promote callus formation.

[0053] (4) Sleeve: Place a 5mm diameter sleeve over the rootstock cut and insert the scion into the sleeve so that it fits tightly against the rootstock cut.

[0054] 4. Post-grafting management (1) Moisturize: Spray the self-sealing bag 2-3 times with a small spray bottle filled with distilled water, then put it on the grafted branch and seal the bag. The self-sealing bag can be removed about 15 days after grafting.

[0055] (2) Shading: The grafting site should be shaded immediately after grafting for 15 to 20 days to avoid direct sunlight.

[0056] (3) Unbinding: Once the scion has taken root, the sheath should be cut open with a knife in time to avoid affecting the growth of the scion. See the detailed procedure below. Figure 1 .

[0057] Example 8 Unlike Example 7, the thickness ratio of the rootstock to the scion is 1:1, while the other steps remain the same.

[0058] Comparative Example 5 A method to improve the survival rate of jujube tender branch grafting is different from Example 7 in that: in step 3 of the grafting method (1) cutting the scion: cut off the selected jujube head, keep 1.5~3cm, keep the unfolded leaves, and the rest of the steps remain unchanged.

[0059] Comparative Example 6 A method to improve the survival rate of jujube tree grafting is different from Example 7 in that the thickness ratio of the rootstock to the scion is 1.2~1.4:1, while the other steps remain the same.

[0060] Comparative Example 7 A method to improve the survival rate of jujube tree tender branch grafting differs from Example 7 in that the thickness ratio of the rootstock to the scion is 1.4~1.6:1, while the other steps remain unchanged.

[0061] Comparative Example 8 A method to improve the survival rate of jujube tree tender branch grafting differs from Example 7 in that the jujube tree tender branch grafting time is in late July, while the other steps remain the same.

[0062] Comparative Example 9 A method to improve the survival rate of jujube tree tender branch grafting, which differs from Example 7, is that the jujube tree tender branch grafting time is in early August, while the other steps remain the same.

[0063] Experimental Example 1 In this experiment, the affinity agents of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were used for jujube grafting. The specific grafting method was the same as the steps in Example 7. The grafting time was in June. The survival rate of the grafted jujube trees was counted 30 days after grafting, and the effects of different components of the affinity agent were verified. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0064] Table 1. Survival rate of jujube grafts under different affinity agent treatments.

[0065] Note: In the table, the same letter indicates that the two groups of data are not statistically significant, while different letters indicate that the two groups of data are statistically significant (P < 0.05). Table 1 shows the optimal hormone ratio for inducing affinity in grafting on tender shoots: sucrose 10g / L + NAA 50mg / L + IAA 75mg / L + GA 10mg / L. However, there is still room for improvement in the survival rate, and further optimization of the ratio is needed.

[0066] Experimental Example 2 In this experiment, the affinity agents from Examples 1 to 4 were used for jujube grafting. The specific grafting method was the same as that in Example 7. The grafting time was in June. The survival rate of the jujube grafts was statistically analyzed, and the effects of affinity agents with different concentrations were verified. The results are shown in Table 2. The CK treatment involved dipping the scion in clean water for 3 to 10 seconds.

[0067] Table 2. Grafting survival rate of jujube trees under different concentrations of affinity agent.

[0068] Note: In the table, the same letter indicates that the two groups of data are not statistically significant, while different letters indicate that the two groups of data are statistically significant (P < 0.05). According to the results in Table 2, the hormone ratio of the inducing affinity agent screened by this invention for softwood grafting is 10 g / L sucrose + 50 mg / L NAA + 75 mg / L IAA + 10 mg / L GA or 10 g / L sucrose + 75 mg / L NAA + 75 mg / L IAA + 10 mg / L GA. ​​Taking all factors into consideration, the hormone ratio of the inducing affinity agent screened for softwood grafting is 10 g / L sucrose + 50-75 mg / L NAA + 75 mg / L IAA + 10 mg / L GA.

[0069] This experimental case studies investigated the callus affinity after treatment with different affinity agents during the grafting process, combined with, for example... Figure 3 A- Figure 3 As shown in E, the grafting callus formation after affinity treatment in Examples 1 and 2 was the best, with callus forming on the 6th day after grafting with the affinity agent in Example 1. Figure 4 This is a cross-section of the grafting site in the control group (water treatment). It shows poor compatibility and the cambium layers of the rootstock and scion have not healed. Figure 5 This is a cross-section of the grafting site after the application of an affinity agent. It shows good affinity and good healing of the cambium layers of the rootstock and scion.

[0070] Experimental Example 3 This experimental case studies the sleeve-bonded affinity grafting technique. The sleeve grafting method eliminates the need for conventional cleft grafting and binding, offering a simple, efficient, and high survival rate. To further screen suitable affinity agent concentrations for sleeve grafting, further research will be conducted on sleeve grafting techniques combined with affinity agents to improve grafting efficiency.

[0071] Table 3. Survival rate of grafted jujube tender branches under different grafting methods.

[0072] Note: In the table, the same letter indicates that the two groups of data are not statistically significant, while different letters indicate that the two groups of data are statistically significant (P < 0.05). According to Table 3 and Figure 2 The results showed that the softwood tube grafting method of the present invention, combined with the application of an affinity agent (10 g / L sucrose + 75 mg / L NAA + 75 mg / L IAA + 10 mg / L GA), had a survival rate (59%) and a survival rate (41.03%) that were significantly higher than the water control (20.33% and 0%), and significantly higher than the treatment with an affinity agent of 10 g / L sucrose + 50 mg / L NAA + 75 mg / L IAA + 10 mg / L GA. ​​This indicates that softwood tube grafting combined with the application of an affinity agent, utilizing the healing process of the rootstock and scion, can greatly improve the grafting survival rate and survival rate.

[0073] The results show that the grafting technology of the present invention, which combines the sleeve with the affinity agent, can significantly improve the survival rate and later survival rate of jujube tender branches grafted, and is simple to operate, time-saving and labor-saving, and easy to promote on a large scale.

[0074] Test Example 4 This experiment investigates the removal and retention of leaves from the scion. In this experiment, the affinity agent from Example 1 was used for jujube grafting. The grafting method for the experimental group was the same as in Example 7, and the grafting method for the control group was the same as in Comparative Example 5. The survival rate of the jujube grafts was statistically analyzed, and the effect of removing or retaining leaves on the scion in the grafting method was verified. The results are shown in Table 4. Table 4. Grafting survival rate of jujube tender branches after leaf removal / removal treatment of scions

[0075] Note: In the table, the same letter indicates that the two groups of data are not statistically significant, while different letters indicate that the two groups of data are statistically significant (P < 0.05). As shown in Table 4, the 10-day survival rate of the scion with leaf removal treatment (77%) was significantly higher than that of the leaf-retaining treatment (43.33%). This indicates that removing the scion leaves in the early stages of grafting greatly promoted the healing of the graft union and the survival of the scion. The survival rate of the leaf-removing treatment (58.97%) at 25 days was also more than twice that of the leaf-retaining treatment (25.64%). It is noteworthy that from 10 to 25 days, both groups experienced some degree of seedling mortality, but the scion with leaf removal treatment of this invention ultimately maintained a higher survival rate. The results indicate that removing the scion leaves in this invention can significantly improve the survival rate and later-stage survival rate of jujube tender branch grafts.

[0076] Experimental Example 5 This experimental example studies the ratio of rootstock to scion thickness. In this experiment, the affinity agent from Example 1 was used for jujube grafting. The grafting method for the experimental group was the same as in Example 7, the grafting method for control group 1 was the same as in comparative example 6, and the grafting method for control group 2 was the same as in comparative example 7. The survival rate of the jujube grafts was statistically analyzed, and the effect of the rootstock-scion thickness ratio in the grafting method was verified. The results are shown in Table 5. Table 5. Grafting survival rate of jujube tender branches under different rootstock-scion thickness ratios.

[0077] Note: In the table, the same letter indicates that the two groups of data are not statistically significant, while different letters indicate that the two groups of data are statistically significant (P < 0.05). As shown in Table 5, from 10 to 25 days, all treatment groups experienced seedling mortality. However, the experimental group exhibited the highest survival stability (survival rate decreased from 83.33% to 63.33%, a drop of 20 percentage points). The decline was more severe in control groups 1 and 2, indicating that grafted seedlings with mismatched rootstock and scion thicknesses had poorer stability in the later stages. The rootstock-scion thickness ratio is a crucial factor affecting the success of jujube tender branch grafting. Controlling the rootstock thickness within 1 to 1.2 times the scion thickness significantly improves grafting survival rate and later-stage stability.

[0078] Experimental Example 6 This experimental case studies the grafting time. In this experiment, the affinity agent from Example 1 was used for jujube grafting. The grafting method for the experimental group was the same as in Example 7, the grafting method for control group 1 was the same as in comparative example 8, and the grafting method for control group 2 was the same as in comparative example 9. The survival rate of the grafted jujube trees was statistically analyzed, and the effect of grafting time in the grafting method was verified. The results are shown in Table 6: Table 6. Grafting survival rate of jujube tender branches at different grafting times.

[0079] Note: In the table, the same letter indicates that the two groups of data are not statistically significant, while different letters indicate that the two groups of data are statistically significant (P < 0.05). Grafting time is one of the key factors determining the success or failure of grafting jujube shoots. According to the results in Table 6, the survival rate of seedlings grafted in early July decreased by approximately 18 percentage points from 10 to 25 days, while the rate decreased by approximately 10 percentage points in late July. Seedlings grafted in early August failed to survive at all. This indicates that the grafting time determined in this invention not only results in a high initial survival rate but also leads to more stable surviving seedlings.

[0080] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An affinity agent for grafting young branches of jujube trees, characterized in that, The affinity agent comprises the following components at the following mass concentrations: sucrose 5~15g / L, naphthaleneacetic acid 50~100mg / L, auxin 50~100mg / L, and gibberellin 5~15mg / L.

2. The affinity agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The affinity agent comprises the following components at the following mass concentrations: sucrose 10 g / L, naphthaleneacetic acid 75 mg / L, auxin 75 mg / L, and gibberellin 10 mg / L.

3. The affinity agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The affinity agent comprises the following components at the following mass concentrations: sucrose 10 g / L, naphthaleneacetic acid 50 mg / L, auxin 75 mg / L, and gibberellin 10 mg / L.

4. A method for preparing the affinity agent according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The preparation method includes the following steps: weigh naphthaleneacetic acid, auxin and gibberellin respectively, dissolve them in anhydrous ethanol, and add them to sucrose solution while stirring; make up to volume with sterile distilled water, and adjust the pH value to 5.5-6.0 to obtain naphthaleneacetic acid solution, auxin solution and gibberellin solution; dispense the prepared affinity agent solution into brown reagent bottles and store at 4°C for later use.

5. The application of the affinity agent according to any one of claims 1-3 or the affinity agent obtained by the preparation method according to claim 4 in improving the survival rate of jujube tender branch grafting.

6. A method for improving the survival rate of grafted jujube tree tender branches, characterized in that, The procedure includes the following steps: immersing the scion in the affinity agent described in any one of claims 1-3 or the affinity agent prepared by the method described in claim 4 for 3-10 seconds and then draining it; placing the sleeve over the rootstock incision, inserting the scion into the sleeve and ensuring it fits tightly against the rootstock incision, and then culturing it in the shade for 15-20 days.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pretreatment of the scion before immersion includes: cutting off the selected scion, leaving 1.5-3cm, and removing the unfolded leaves.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The rootstock is selected from jujube varieties with good growth and well-developed root systems, and its current year branches are selected as rootstock.

9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The thickness ratio of the rootstock to the scion is 1~1.2:

1.

10. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The grafting time is from the end of June to the beginning of July.

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